mirror of
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auto-update week 31
This commit is contained in:
Yo Robot
parent
40adf5f885
commit
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247 changed files with 962 additions and 1146 deletions
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@ -524,7 +524,8 @@
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}
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},
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"Suffrage": {
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"text": "limited; note - rulers of the seven emirates each select a proportion of voters for the Federal National Council (FNC) that together account for about 12 percent of Emirati citizens"
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"text": "limited",
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> rulers of the seven emirates each select a proportion of voters for the Federal National Council (FNC) that accounts for about 12 percent of Emirati citizens"
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},
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"Executive branch": {
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"chief of state": {
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@ -592,7 +593,7 @@
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Abu Dhabi Global Market Courts and the Dubai International Financial Center Courts, the country’s two largest financial free zones, adjudicate civil and commercial disputes"
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},
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"Political parties": {
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"text": "none; political parties are banned; all candidates run as independents"
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"text": "<strong>note: </strong>political parties are banned; all candidates run as independents"
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},
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"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
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"chief of mission": {
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@ -655,7 +656,7 @@
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"National color(s)": {
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"text": "green, white, black, red"
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},
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"National anthem": {
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"National anthem(s)": {
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"title": {
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"text": "\"Nashid al-watani al-imarati\" (National Anthem of the UAE)"
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},
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@ -664,8 +665,7 @@
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},
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"history": {
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"text": "music adopted 1971, lyrics adopted 1996; Mohamad Abdel WAHAB also composed the music for Tunisia's anthem"
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> music adopted 1971, lyrics adopted 1996; Mohamad Abdel WAHAB also composed the music for Tunisia's anthem"
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}
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},
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"National heritage": {
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"total World Heritage Sites": {
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@ -492,7 +492,7 @@
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"note": "<strong>note: </strong>at approximately 28 m below sea level, Baku's elevation makes it the lowest capital city in the world"
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},
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"Administrative divisions": {
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"text": "<p>66 districts (<em>rayonlar</em>; singular - <em>rayon</em>), 11 cities (saharlar; sahar - singular);</p> <p><strong>rayons:</strong> Abseron, Agcabadi, Agdam, Agdas, Agstafa, Agsu, Astara, Babak, Balakan, Barda, Beylaqan, Bilasuvar, Cabrayil, Calilabad, Culfa, Daskasan, Fuzuli, Gadabay, Goranboy, Goycay, Goygol, Haciqabul, Imisli, Ismayilli, Kalbacar, Kangarli, Kurdamir, Lacin, Lankaran, Lerik, Masalli, Neftcala, Oguz, Ordubad, Qabala, Qax, Qazax, Qobustan, Quba, Qubadli, Qusar, Saatli, Sabirabad, Sabran, Sadarak, Sahbuz, Saki, Salyan, Samaxi, Samkir, Samux, Sarur, Siyazan, Susa, Tartar, Tovuz, Ucar, Xacmaz, Xizi, Xocali, Xocavand, Yardimli, Yevlax, Zangilan, Zaqatala, Zardab</p> <p><strong>cities:</strong> Baku, Ganca, Lankaran, Mingacevir, Naftalan, Naxcivan (Nakhichevan), Saki, Sirvan, Sumqayit, Xankandi, Yevlax</p>"
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"text": "66 districts (<em>rayonlar</em>; singular - <em>rayon</em>), 11 cities (saharlar; sahar - singular)<br><br><strong>districts:</strong> Abseron, Agcabadi, Agdam, Agdas, Agstafa, Agsu, Astara, Babak, Balakan, Barda, Beylaqan, Bilasuvar, Cabrayil, Calilabad, Culfa, Daskasan, Fuzuli, Gadabay, Goranboy, Goycay, Goygol, Haciqabul, Imisli, Ismayilli, Kalbacar, Kangarli, Kurdamir, Lacin, Lankaran, Lerik, Masalli, Neftcala, Oguz, Ordubad, Qabala, Qax, Qazax, Qobustan, Quba, Qubadli, Qusar, Saatli, Sabirabad, Sabran, Sadarak, Sahbuz, Saki, Salyan, Samaxi, Samkir, Samux, Sarur, Siyazan, Susa, Tartar, Tovuz, Ucar, Xacmaz, Xizi, Xocali, Xocavand, Yardimli, Yevlax, Zangilan, Zaqatala, Zardab <br><br><strong>cities:</strong> Baku, Ganca, Lankaran, Mingacevir, Naftalan, Naxcivan (Nakhichevan), Saki, Sirvan, Sumqayit, Xankandi, Yevlax"
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},
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"Legal system": {
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"text": "civil law system"
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@ -652,7 +652,7 @@
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"National color(s)": {
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"text": "blue, red, green"
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},
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"National anthem": {
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"National anthem(s)": {
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"title": {
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"text": "\"Azerbaijan Marsi\" (March of Azerbaijan)"
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},
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@ -661,8 +661,7 @@
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},
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"history": {
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"text": "adopted 1992; originally written in 1919 during a brief period of independence, but did not become the official anthem until after the dissolution of the Soviet Union"
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> adopted 1992; originally written in 1919 during a brief period of independence, but did not become the official anthem until after the dissolution of the Soviet Union"
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}
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},
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"National heritage": {
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"total World Heritage Sites": {
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@ -506,7 +506,7 @@
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"text": "previous 1915, 1978; latest adopted 5 July 1995"
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},
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"amendment process": {
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"text": "<p>proposed by the president of the republic or by the National Assembly; passage requires approval by the president, by the National Assembly, and by a referendum with at least 25% registered voter participation and more than 50% of votes; constitutional articles on the form of government and democratic procedures are not amendable</p>"
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"text": "proposed by the president of the republic or by the National Assembly; passage requires approval by the president, the National Assembly, and a referendum with at least 25% registered-voter participation and more than 50% of votes; constitutional articles on the form of government and democratic procedures are not amendable"
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}
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},
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"International law organization participation": {
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@ -657,7 +657,7 @@
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"National color(s)": {
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"text": "red, blue, orange"
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},
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"National anthem": {
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"National anthem(s)": {
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"title": {
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"text": "\"Mer Hayrenik\" (Our Fatherland)"
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},
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@ -666,8 +666,7 @@
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},
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"history": {
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"text": "adopted 1991; based on the anthem of the Democratic Republic of Armenia (1918-1922), but with different lyrics"
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> adopted 1991; based on the anthem of the Democratic Republic of Armenia (1918-1922), but with different lyrics"
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}
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},
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"National heritage": {
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"total World Heritage Sites": {
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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{
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"Introduction": {
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"Background": {
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"text": "<p>In 1783, the Sunni AL-KHALIFA family took power in Bahrain. In order to secure these holdings, it entered into a series of treaties with the UK during the 19th century that made Bahrain a British protectorate. The archipelago attained its independence in 1971. A steady decline in oil production and reserves since 1970 prompted Bahrain to take steps to diversify its economy, in the process developing petroleum processing and refining, aluminum production, and hospitality and retail sectors. It has also endeavored to become a leading regional banking center, especially with respect to Islamic finance. Bahrain's small size, central location among Gulf countries, economic dependence on Saudi Arabia, and proximity to Iran require it to play a delicate balancing act in foreign affairs among its larger neighbors. Its foreign policy activities usually fall in line with Saudi Arabia and the UAE. In 2022, the United States designated Bahrain as a major non-NATO ally.</p> <p>The Sunni royal family has long struggled to manage relations with its Shia-majority population. In 2011, amid Arab uprisings elsewhere in the region, the Bahraini Government responded to similar pro-democracy and reform protests at home with police and military action, including deploying Gulf Cooperation Council security forces. Ongoing dissatisfaction with the political status quo continues to factor into sporadic clashes between demonstrators and security forces. In 2020, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates signed the US-brokered Abraham Accords with Israel. In 2023, Bahrain and the United States signed the Comprehensive Security Integration and Prosperity Agreement to enhance cooperation across a wide range of areas, from defense and security to emerging technology, trade, and investment.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>"
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"text": "In 1783, the Sunni AL-KHALIFA family took power in Bahrain. In order to secure these holdings, it entered into a series of treaties with the UK during the 19th century that made Bahrain a British protectorate. The archipelago attained its independence in 1971. A steady decline in oil production and reserves since 1970 prompted Bahrain to take steps to diversify its economy, in the process developing petroleum processing and refining, aluminum production, and hospitality and retail sectors. It has also endeavored to become a leading regional banking center, especially with respect to Islamic finance. Bahrain's small size, central location among Gulf countries, economic dependence on Saudi Arabia, and proximity to Iran require it to play a delicate balancing act in foreign affairs among its larger neighbors. Its foreign policy activities usually fall in line with Saudi Arabia and the UAE. In 2022, the United States designated Bahrain as a major non-NATO ally. <br><br>The Sunni royal family has long struggled to manage relations with its Shia-majority population. In 2011, amid Arab uprisings elsewhere in the region, the Bahraini Government responded to similar pro-democracy and reform protests at home with police and military action, including deploying Gulf Cooperation Council security forces. Ongoing dissatisfaction with the political status quo continues to factor into sporadic clashes between demonstrators and security forces. In 2020, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates signed the US-brokered Abraham Accords with Israel. In 2023, Bahrain and the United States signed the Comprehensive Security Integration and Prosperity Agreement to enhance cooperation across a wide range of areas, from defense and security to emerging technology, trade, and investment."
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}
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},
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"Geography": {
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@ -640,7 +640,8 @@
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"text": "15 August 1971 (from the UK)"
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},
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"National holiday": {
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"text": "National Day, 16 December (1971); note - 15 August 1971 was the date of independence from the UK, 16 December 1971 was the date of independence from British protection"
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"text": "National Day, 16 December (1971)",
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 15 August 1971 was the date of independence from the UK, 16 December 1971 was the date of independence from British protection"
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},
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"Flag description": {
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"text": "red, the traditional color for flags of Persian Gulf states, with a white serrated band of five white points on the hoist side; the five points represent the five pillars of Islam",
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@ -652,7 +653,7 @@
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"National color(s)": {
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"text": "red, white"
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},
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"National anthem": {
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"National anthem(s)": {
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"title": {
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"text": "\"Bahrainona\" (Our Bahrain)"
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},
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},
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"history": {
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"text": "adopted 1971; Mohamed Sudqi AYYASH wrote the original lyrics, but they were changed in 2002 after Bahrain became a kingdom"
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> adopted 1971; Mohamed Sudqi AYYASH wrote the original lyrics, but they were changed in 2002 after Bahrain became a kingdom"
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}
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},
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"National heritage": {
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"total World Heritage Sites": {
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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{
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"Introduction": {
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"Background": {
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"text": "<p>The region of present-day Georgia once contained the ancient kingdoms of Colchis (known as Egrisi locally) and Kartli-Iberia. The area came under Roman influence in the first centuries A.D., and Christianity became the state religion in the 330s. Persian, Arab, and Turk domination was followed by a Georgian golden age (11th-13th centuries) that was cut short when the Mongols invaded in 1236. Subsequently, the Ottoman and Persian empires competed for influence in the region. Georgia was absorbed into the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Independent for three years (1918-1921) following the Russian revolution, it was forcibly incorporated into the USSR in 1921 and regained its independence when the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991.</p> <p>In 2003, mounting public discontent over rampant corruption, ineffective government services, and a government attempt to manipulate parliamentary elections touched off widespread protests that led to the resignation of Eduard SHEVARDNADZE, who had been president since 1995. In the aftermath of this \"Rose Revolution,\" new elections in 2004 swept Mikheil SAAKASHVILI and his United National Movement (UNM) party into power. SAAKASHVILI made progress on market reforms and governance, but he faced accusations of abuse of office. Progress was further complicated when Russian support for the separatist regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia led to a five-day conflict between Russia and Georgia in August 2008, which included Russia invading large portions of Georgian territory. Russia initially pledged to pull back from most Georgian territory but then unilaterally recognized the independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, and Russian military forces have remained in those regions.</p> <p>Billionaire Bidzina IVANISHVILI's unexpected entry into politics in 2011 brought the divided opposition together under his Georgian Dream coalition, which won a majority of seats in the 2012 parliamentary elections and removed UNM from power. Conceding defeat, SAAKASHVILI named IVANISHVILI as prime minister and left the country after his presidential term ended in 2013. IVANISHVILI voluntarily resigned from office after the presidential succession, and in the years since, the prime minister position has seen frequent turnover. In 2021, SAAKASHVILI returned to Georgia, where he was immediately arrested to serve six years in prison on outstanding abuse-of-office convictions. <br><br>Popular support for integration with the West is high in Georgia. Joining the EU and NATO are among the country's top foreign policy goals, and Georgia applied for EU membership in 2022, becoming a candidate country in December 2023. Georgia and the EU have a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement, and since 2017, Georgian citizens have been able to travel to the Schengen area without a visa.</p>"
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"text": "The region of present-day Georgia once contained the ancient kingdoms of Colchis (known as Egrisi locally) and Kartli-Iberia. The area came under Roman influence in the first centuries A.D., and Christianity became the state religion in the 330s. Persian, Arab, and Turk domination was followed by a Georgian golden age (11th-13th centuries) that was cut short when the Mongols invaded in 1236. Subsequently, the Ottoman and Persian empires competed for influence in the region. Georgia was absorbed into the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Independent for three years (1918-1921) following the Russian revolution, it was forcibly incorporated into the USSR in 1921 and regained its independence when the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991. <br><br>In 2003, mounting public discontent over rampant corruption, ineffective government services, and a government attempt to manipulate parliamentary elections touched off widespread protests that led to the resignation of Eduard SHEVARDNADZE, who had been president since 1995. In the aftermath of this \"Rose Revolution,\" new elections in 2004 swept Mikheil SAAKASHVILI and his United National Movement (UNM) party into power. SAAKASHVILI made progress on market reforms and governance, but he faced accusations of abuse of office. Progress was further complicated when Russian support for the separatist regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia led to a five-day conflict between Russia and Georgia in August 2008, which included Russia invading large portions of Georgian territory. Russia initially pledged to pull back from most Georgian territory but then unilaterally recognized the independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, and Russian military forces have remained in those regions. <br><br>Billionaire Bidzina IVANISHVILI's unexpected entry into politics in 2011 brought the divided opposition together under his Georgian Dream coalition, which won a majority of seats in the 2012 parliamentary elections and removed UNM from power. Conceding defeat, SAAKASHVILI named IVANISHVILI as prime minister and left the country after his presidential term ended in 2013. IVANISHVILI voluntarily resigned from office after the presidential succession, and in the years since, the prime minister position has seen frequent turnover. In 2021, SAAKASHVILI returned to Georgia, where he was immediately arrested to serve six years in prison on outstanding abuse-of-office convictions. <br><br>Popular support for integration with the West is high in Georgia. Joining the EU and NATO are among the country's top foreign policy goals, and Georgia applied for EU membership in 2022, becoming a candidate country in December 2023. Georgia and the EU have a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement, and since 2017, Georgian citizens have been able to travel to the Schengen area without a visa."
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}
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},
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"Geography": {
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@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
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"water": {
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"text": "0 sq km"
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> approximately 12,560 sq km, or about 18% of Georgia's area, is Russian occupied; the seized area includes all of Abkhazia and the breakaway region of South Ossetia, which consists of the northern part of Shida Kartli, eastern slivers of the Imereti region and Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti, and part of western Mtskheta-Mtianeti"
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> approximately 12,560 sq km, or about 18% of Georgia's area, is Russian-occupied; the seized area includes all of Abkhazia and the breakaway region of South Ossetia, which consists of the northern part of Shida Kartli, eastern slivers of the Imereti region, Racha-Lechkhumi, Kvemo Svaneti, and part of western Mtskheta-Mtianeti"
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},
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"Area - comparative": {
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"text": "slightly smaller than South Carolina; slightly larger than West Virginia"
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"text": "9 April 1991 (from the Soviet Union); notable earlier date: A.D. 1008 (Georgia unified under King BAGRAT III)"
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},
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"National holiday": {
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"text": "Independence Day, 26 May (1918); note - 26 May 1918 was the date of independence from Soviet Russia, 9 April 1991 was the date of independence from the Soviet Union"
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"text": "Independence Day, 26 May (1918)",
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 26 May 1918 was the date of independence from Soviet Russia; 9 April 1991 was the date of independence from the Soviet Union"
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},
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"Flag description": {
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"text": "white rectangle with a central red cross extending to all four sides of the flag; each of the four quadrants displays a small red <em>bolnur-katskhuri</em> cross; sometimes referred to as the Five-Cross Flag, the design is based on a 14th-century banner of the Kingdom of Georgia"
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"National color(s)": {
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"text": "red, white"
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},
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"National anthem": {
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"National anthem(s)": {
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"title": {
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"text": "\"Tavisupleba\" (Liberty)"
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},
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},
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"history": {
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"text": "adopted 2004, after the Rose Revolution; based on music from the operas \"Abesalom da Eteri\" and \"Daisi\""
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> adopted 2004, after the Rose Revolution; based on music from the operas \"Abesalom da Eteri\" and \"Daisi\""
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}
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},
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"National heritage": {
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"total World Heritage Sites": {
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"election results": {
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"text": "<em><br>2024: </em>first round results - Masoud PEZESHKIAN (independent) 44.4%, Saeed JALILI (Front of Islamic Revolution Stability) 40.4%, Mohammad Baqer QAKIBAF (Progress and Justice Population of Islamic Iran) 14.3%, other 0.9%; second round results - Masoud PEZESHKIAN elected; Masoud PEZESHKIAN 54.8%, Saeed JALILI 45.2%<br><em><br>2021:</em> Ebrahim RAISI elected president; percent of vote - Ebrahim RAISI (independent) 72.4%, Mohsen REZAI (RFII) 13.8%, Abbdolnaser HEMATI (ECP) 9.8%, Amir-Hosein Qazizadeh-HASHEMI (Islamic Law Party) 4%"
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},
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"note": "<strong>Note: </strong>presidential election held early due to the death of President Ebrahim RAISI in a helicopter accident in May 2024"
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"note": "<strong>note: </strong>presidential election held early due to the death of President Ebrahim RAISI in a helicopter accident in May 2024"
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"legislature name": {
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"National color(s)": {
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"text": "green, white, red"
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},
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"National anthem": {
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"National anthem(s)": {
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"title": {
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"text": "\"Soroud-e Melli-ye Jomhouri-ye Eslami-ye Iran\" (National Anthem of the Islamic Republic of Iran)"
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},
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"text": "28 (26cultural, 2 natural)"
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},
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"selected World Heritage Site locales": {
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"text": "<p>Persepolis (c); Tchogha Zanbil (c); Bam and its Cultural Landscape (c); Golestan Palace (c); Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System (c); Pasargadae (c); Hyrcanian Forests (n); Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex (c); Meidan Emam, Esfahan (c); Bisotun (c); Takht-e Soleyman (c); Soltaniyeh(c); Bisotun (c); Armenian Monastic Ensembles of Iran(c); Sheikh Safi al-din Khānegāh and Shrine Ensemble in Ardabil (c); The Persian Garden (c); Gonbad-e Qābus (c); Masjed-e Jāmé of Isfahan (c); Shahr-i Sokhta (c); Cultural Landscape of Maymand (c); Susa (c); Lut Desert (n);The Persian Qanat (c); Historic City of Yazd (c); Sassanid Archaeological Landscape of Fars Region (c); Cultural Landscape of Hawraman/Uramanat (c); Trans-Iranian Railway (c); The Persian Caravanserai (c); Hegmataneh (c)</p>"
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"text": "Persepolis (c); Tchogha Zanbil (c); Bam and its Cultural Landscape (c); Golestan Palace (c); Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System (c); Pasargadae (c); Hyrcanian Forests (n); Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex (c); Meidan Emam, Esfahan (c); Bisotun (c); Takht-e Soleyman (c); Soltaniyeh(c); Bisotun (c); Armenian Monastic Ensembles of Iran(c); Sheikh Safi al-din Khānegāh and Shrine Ensemble in Ardabil (c); The Persian Garden (c); Gonbad-e Qābus (c); Masjed-e Jāmé of Isfahan (c); Shahr-i Sokhta (c); Cultural Landscape of Maymand (c); Susa (c); Lut Desert (n);The Persian Qanat (c); Historic City of Yazd (c); Sassanid Archaeological Landscape of Fars Region (c); Cultural Landscape of Hawraman/Uramanat (c); Trans-Iranian Railway (c); The Persian Caravanserai (c); Hegmataneh (c)"
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}
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}
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},
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"text": "2 June 2021"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "<br><em>2021:</em> Isaac HERZOG elected president; Knesset vote in first round - Isaac HERZOG (independent) 87, Miriam PERETZ (independent) 26, invalid/blank 7<br><br><em>2014:</em> Reuven RIVLIN elected president in second round; Knesset vote - Reuven RIVLIN (Likud) 63, Meir SHEETRIT (The Movement) 53, other/invalid 4 <p> </p>"
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"text": "<br><em>2021:</em> Isaac HERZOG elected president; Knesset vote in first round - Isaac HERZOG (independent) 87, Miriam PERETZ (independent) 26, invalid/blank 7<br><br><em>2014:</em> Reuven RIVLIN elected president in second round; Knesset vote - Reuven RIVLIN (Likud) 63, Meir SHEETRIT (The Movement) 53, other/invalid 4"
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},
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"expected date of next election": {
|
||||
"text": "June 2028"
|
||||
|
|
@ -642,7 +642,8 @@
|
|||
"text": "14 May 1948 (following League of Nations mandate under British administration)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National holiday": {
|
||||
"text": "Independence Day, 14 May (1948); note - Israel declared independence on 14 May 1948, but the Jewish calendar is lunar and the holiday may occur in April or May"
|
||||
"text": "Independence Day, 14 May (1948)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Israel declared independence on 14 May 1948, but the Jewish calendar is lunar, so the holiday can occur in April or May"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Flag description": {
|
||||
"text": "white with a blue hexagram (six-pointed linear star) known as the Magen David (Star of David or Shield of David) centered between two equal horizontal blue bands near the top and bottom edges of the flag; the design resembles a traditional Jewish prayer shawl (<em>tallit</em>), which is white with blue stripes; the hexagram as a Jewish symbol dates back to medieval times",
|
||||
|
|
@ -654,7 +655,7 @@
|
|||
"National color(s)": {
|
||||
"text": "blue, white"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National anthem": {
|
||||
"National anthem(s)": {
|
||||
"title": {
|
||||
"text": "\"Hatikvah\" (The Hope)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -663,8 +664,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"history": {
|
||||
"text": "adopted 2004, unofficial since 1948; used as the anthem of the Zionist movement since 1897; the 1888 arrangement by Samuel COHEN is thought to be based on the Romanian folk song \"Carul cu boi\" (The Ox-Driven Cart)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> adopted 2004, unofficial since 1948; used as the anthem of the Zionist movement since 1897; the 1888 arrangement by Samuel COHEN is thought to be based on the Romanian folk song \"Carul cu boi\" (The Ox-Driven Cart)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National heritage": {
|
||||
"total World Heritage Sites": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -649,7 +649,7 @@
|
|||
"National color(s)": {
|
||||
"text": "red, white, black"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National anthem": {
|
||||
"National anthem(s)": {
|
||||
"title": {
|
||||
"text": "\"Mawtini\" (My Homeland)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -658,8 +658,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"history": {
|
||||
"text": "adopted 2004, after the ouster of SADDAM Husayn; popular Arab folk song that also serves as an unofficial anthem for the Palestinian people"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> adopted 2004, after the ouster of SADDAM Husayn; popular Arab folk song that also serves as an unofficial anthem for the Palestinian people"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National heritage": {
|
||||
"total World Heritage Sites": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -629,7 +629,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties": {
|
||||
"text": "'Azem<br>Blessed Land Party<br>Building and Labor Coalition<br>Eradah Party <br>Growth Party<br>Islamic Action Front or IAF<br>Jordanian al-Ansar Party<br>Jordanian al-Ghad Party<br>Jordanian Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party or JASBP <br>Jordanian Civil Democratic Party<br>Jordanian Communist Party or JCP<br>Jordanian Equality Party<br>Jordanian Democratic People's Party or HASD<br>Jordanian Democratic Popular Unity Party or JDPUP/Wihda<br>Jordanian Democratic Unionist Party<br>Jordanian Flame Party<br>Jordanian Future and Life Party<br>Jordanian Model Party<br>Jordanian National Integration Party<br>Jordanian National Loyalty Party<br>Jordanian Reform and Renewal Party or Hassad<br>Jordanian Shura Party <br>Jordanian Social Democratic Party or JSDP<br>Justice and Reform Party or JRP <br>Labor Party<br>National Charter Party<br>National Coalition Party <br>National Constitutional Party<br>National Current Party or NCP<br>National Islamic Party<br>National Union<br>Nationalist Movement Party or Hsq<br>New Path Party <br>Progress Party<br><br><br><br>"
|
||||
"text": "'Azem<br>Blessed Land Party<br>Building and Labor Coalition<br>Eradah Party <br>Growth Party<br>Islamic Action Front or IAF<br>Jordanian al-Ansar Party<br>Jordanian al-Ghad Party<br>Jordanian Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party or JASBP <br>Jordanian Civil Democratic Party<br>Jordanian Communist Party or JCP<br>Jordanian Equality Party<br>Jordanian Democratic People's Party or HASD<br>Jordanian Democratic Popular Unity Party or JDPUP/Wihda<br>Jordanian Democratic Unionist Party<br>Jordanian Flame Party<br>Jordanian Future and Life Party<br>Jordanian Model Party<br>Jordanian National Integration Party<br>Jordanian National Loyalty Party<br>Jordanian Reform and Renewal Party or Hassad<br>Jordanian Shura Party <br>Jordanian Social Democratic Party or JSDP<br>Justice and Reform Party or JRP <br>Labor Party<br>National Charter Party<br>National Coalition Party <br>National Constitutional Party<br>National Current Party or NCP<br>National Islamic Party<br>National Union<br>Nationalist Movement Party or Hsq<br>New Path Party <br>Progress Party"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
|
||||
"chief of mission": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -686,7 +686,7 @@
|
|||
"National color(s)": {
|
||||
"text": "black, white, green, red"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National anthem": {
|
||||
"National anthem(s)": {
|
||||
"title": {
|
||||
"text": "\"As-salam al-malaki al-urdoni\" (Long Live the King of Jordan)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -695,15 +695,14 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"history": {
|
||||
"text": "adopted 1946; the shortened version of the anthem is most commonly used; the full version is reserved for special occasions"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> adopted 1946; the shortened version of the anthem is most commonly used; the full version is reserved for special occasions"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National heritage": {
|
||||
"total World Heritage Sites": {
|
||||
"text": "7 (6 cultural, 1 mixed)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"selected World Heritage Site locales": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>Petra (c); Quseir Amra (c); Um er-Rasas (Kastrom Mefa'a) (c); Wadi Rum Protected Area (m); Baptism Site “Bethany Beyond the Jordan” (Al-Maghtas) (c); As-Salt - The Place of Tolerance and Urban Hospitality (c); Umm Al-Jimāl (c)</p>"
|
||||
"text": "Petra (c); Quseir Amra (c); Um er-Rasas (Kastrom Mefa'a) (c); Wadi Rum Protected Area (m); Baptism Site “Bethany Beyond the Jordan” (Al-Maghtas) (c); As-Salt - The Place of Tolerance and Urban Hospitality (c); Umm Al-Jimāl (c)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -495,7 +495,7 @@
|
|||
"amendment process": {
|
||||
"text": "proposed by the amir or supported by at least one third of the National Assembly; passage requires two-thirds consent of the Assembly membership and promulgation by the amir; constitutional articles on the initiation, approval, and promulgation of general legislation cannot be amended"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>Note:</strong> on 10 May 2024, Amir Sheikh MISHAL al-Ahmad al-Sabah dissolved the National Assembly and suspended several articles of the constitution for up to four years"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in May 2024, Amir Sheikh MISHAL al-Ahmad al-Sabah dissolved the National Assembly and suspended several articles of the constitution for up to four years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International law organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt"
|
||||
|
|
@ -609,7 +609,7 @@
|
|||
"National color(s)": {
|
||||
"text": "green, white, red, black"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National anthem": {
|
||||
"National anthem(s)": {
|
||||
"title": {
|
||||
"text": "\"Al-Nasheed Al-Watani\" (National Anthem)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -618,8 +618,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"history": {
|
||||
"text": "adopted 1978; the anthem is only used on formal occasions"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> adopted 1978; the anthem is only used on formal occasions"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Economy": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -599,7 +599,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>Al-Ahbash (Association of Islamic Charitable Projects) or AICP<br>Amal Movement (\"Hope Movement\")<br>Azm Movement<br>Ba’th Arab Socialist Party of Lebanon<br>Free Patriotic Movement or FPM<br>Future Movement Bloc or FM<br>Hizballah<br>Islamic Action Front or IAF<br>Kata'ib Party<br>Lebanese Democratic Party<br>Lebanese Forces or LF<br>Marada Movement<br>Progressive Socialist Party or PSP<br>Social Democrat Hunshaqian Party<br>Syrian Social Nationalist Party or SSNP<br>Tashnaq or Armenian Revolutionary Federation</p>"
|
||||
"text": "Al-Ahbash (Association of Islamic Charitable Projects) or AICP<br>Amal Movement (\"Hope Movement\")<br>Azm Movement<br>Ba’th Arab Socialist Party of Lebanon<br>Free Patriotic Movement or FPM<br>Future Movement Bloc or FM<br>Hizballah<br>Islamic Action Front or IAF<br>Kata'ib Party<br>Lebanese Democratic Party<br>Lebanese Forces or LF<br>Marada Movement<br>Progressive Socialist Party or PSP<br>Social Democrat Hunshaqian Party<br>Syrian Social Nationalist Party or SSNP<br>Tashnaq or Armenian Revolutionary Federation"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
|
||||
"chief of mission": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -659,7 +659,7 @@
|
|||
"National color(s)": {
|
||||
"text": "red, white, green"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National anthem": {
|
||||
"National anthem(s)": {
|
||||
"title": {
|
||||
"text": "\"Kulluna lil-watan\" (All of Us, For Our Country!)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -668,8 +668,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"history": {
|
||||
"text": "adopted 1927; chosen through a nationwide competition"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> adopted 1927; chosen through a nationwide competition"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National heritage": {
|
||||
"total World Heritage Sites": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -520,7 +520,8 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Suffrage": {
|
||||
"text": "21 years of age; universal; note - members of the military and security forces by law cannot vote"
|
||||
"text": "21 years of age; universal",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> members of the military and security forces by law cannot vote"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Executive branch": {
|
||||
"chief of state": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -603,7 +604,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties": {
|
||||
"text": "none; note - organized political parties are legally banned in Oman, and loyalties tend to form around tribal affiliations"
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> organized political parties are banned in Oman, and loyalties tend to form around tribal affiliations"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
|
||||
"chief of mission": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -649,7 +650,8 @@
|
|||
"text": "1650 (expulsion of the Portuguese)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National holiday": {
|
||||
"text": "National Day, 18 November; note - celebrates Oman's independence from Portugal in 1650 and the birthday of Sultan QABOOS bin Said al Said, who reigned from 1970 to 2020"
|
||||
"text": "National Day, 18 November",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> celebrates Oman's independence from Portugal in 1650 and the birthday of Sultan QABOOS bin Said al Said, who reigned from 1970 to 2020"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Flag description": {
|
||||
"text": "three equal horizontal bands of white (top), red, and green, with a vertical red band on the hoist side; the national emblem (a <em>khanjar</em> dagger in its sheath on top of crossed swords in scabbards) in white is centered near the top of the vertical band; white stands for peace and prosperity, red for battles against foreign invaders, and green for the Jebel al Akhdar (Green Mountains) and fertility"
|
||||
|
|
@ -660,7 +662,7 @@
|
|||
"National color(s)": {
|
||||
"text": "red, white, green"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National anthem": {
|
||||
"National anthem(s)": {
|
||||
"title": {
|
||||
"text": "\"Nashid as-Salaam as-Sultani\" (The Sultan's Anthem)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -669,8 +671,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"history": {
|
||||
"text": "adopted 1932; new lyrics written after QABOOS bin Said al Said came to power in 1970; first performed by the band of the HMS Hawkins as a salute to the Sultan during a 1932 visit to Muscat; the ship's bandmaster did the arrangement"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> adopted 1932; new lyrics written after QABOOS bin Said al Said came to power in 1970; first performed by the band of the HMS Hawkins as a salute to the Sultan during a 1932 visit to Muscat; the ship's bandmaster did the arrangement"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National heritage": {
|
||||
"total World Heritage Sites": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -627,7 +627,7 @@
|
|||
"National color(s)": {
|
||||
"text": "maroon, white"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National anthem": {
|
||||
"National anthem(s)": {
|
||||
"title": {
|
||||
"text": "\"Al-Salam Al-Amiri\" (The Amiri Salute)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -636,8 +636,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"history": {
|
||||
"text": "adopted 1996; anthem first performed that year at a meeting of the Gulf Cooperative Council"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> adopted 1996; anthem first performed that year at a meeting of the Gulf Cooperative Council"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National heritage": {
|
||||
"total World Heritage Sites": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1099,7 +1098,7 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the military incorporates about 2,000 conscripts annually and recruits foreign contract soldiers to overcome manpower limitations"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "Qatar's military is a small and well-equipped force that is responsible for defense against external threats; following the downturn in ties with Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE in the mid-2010s, the Qatari Government embarked on an arms acquisition and modernization program to increase the military's capabilities and regional standing; the Air Force's inventory of combat aircraft, for example, grew from 12 older models in 2017 to more than 60 modern multirole fighter aircraft from Europe and the US by the 2020s; it is slated to further increase to about 100 such aircraft; other aircraft acquisitions have included US attack helicopters; the Land Force has re-equipped its armored, mechanized, and artillery units with modern tanks, armored vehicles, and self-propelled artillery, mostly with purchases from Germany and Turkey; meanwhile, the Navy over the same period has received several corvettes and offshore patrol vessels from Italy and Turkey<br><br>Qatar hosts the regional headquarters for the US Central Command (CENTCOM; established 1983) and several thousand US military forces at various military facilities, including the Al Udeid Air Base; it has Major Non-NATO Ally status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; Qatar also has close security ties with Turkey and hosts Turkish military forces at two bases established in 2014 and 2019; the Qatari military is part of the Peninsula Shield Forces, a joint military force established by the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries with the aim of maintaining security and stability in the region (2024)"
|
||||
"text": "Qatar's military is responsible for territorial defense and maritime security; the military is in the midst of a large equipment acquisition program designed to enhance its capabilities and Qatar's regional standing; Qatar has military ties with a variety of countries, including France, the UK, the US, Turkey, and member countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC); it hosts the regional headquarters for the US Central Command (CENTCOM; established 1983) and several thousand US military forces at various military facilities, including the Al Udeid Air Base; Qatar has Major Non-NATO Ally status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; Qatar also hosts Turkish military forces at two bases established in 2014 and 2019; the Qatari military is part of the Peninsula Shield Forces, a joint military force established by the GCC countries with the aim of maintaining security and stability in the region (2025)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Terrorism": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "historically a population that was mostly nomadic or semi-nomadic, the Saudi population has become more settled since oil was discovered in the 1930s; most of the country's population is now concentrated in a wide area across the middle of the peninsula, from Ad Dammam in the east through Riyadh in the interior to Mecca-Medina in the west near the Red Sea"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Natural hazards": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>frequent sand and dust storms</p><p><strong>volcanism:</strong> despite many volcanic formations, there has been little activity in the past few centuries; volcanoes include Harrat Rahat, Harrat Khaybar, Harrat Lunayyir, and Jabal Yar</p>"
|
||||
"text": "frequent sand and dust storms <br><br><strong>volcanism:</strong> little activity in the past few centuries, despite many volcanic formations; volcanoes include Harrat Rahat, Harrat Khaybar, Harrat Lunayyir, and Jabal Yar"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Geography - note": {
|
||||
"text": "Saudi Arabia is the largest country in the world without a river; extensive coastlines on the Persian Gulf and Red Sea allow for considerable shipping (especially of crude oil) through the Persian Gulf and Suez Canal"
|
||||
|
|
@ -521,8 +521,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Suffrage": {
|
||||
"text": "18 years of age; universal for municipal elections",
|
||||
"note": "https://www.wilsoncenter.org/publication/saudi-women-go-to-the-polls-finally"
|
||||
"text": "18 years of age; universal for municipal elections"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Executive branch": {
|
||||
"chief of state": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -640,7 +639,7 @@
|
|||
"National color(s)": {
|
||||
"text": "green, white"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National anthem": {
|
||||
"National anthem(s)": {
|
||||
"title": {
|
||||
"text": "\"Aash Al Maleek\" (Long Live Our Beloved King)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -649,15 +648,14 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"history": {
|
||||
"text": "music adopted 1947, lyrics adopted 1984"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> music adopted 1947, lyrics adopted 1984"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National heritage": {
|
||||
"total World Heritage Sites": {
|
||||
"text": "7 (7 cultural, 1 natural)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"selected World Heritage Site locales": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>Hegra Archaeological Site (al-Hijr / Madā ͐ in Ṣāliḥ) (c); At-Turaif District in ad-Dir'iyah (c); Historic Jeddah, the Gate to Makkah (c); Rock Art in the Hail Region of Saudi Arabia (c); Al-Ahsa Oasis, an Evolving Cultural Landscape (c); Ḥimā Cultural Area (c); ‘Uruq Bani Ma’arid (n);The Cultural Landscape of Al-Faw Archaeological Area (c)</p>"
|
||||
"text": "Hegra Archaeological Site (al-Hijr / Madā ͐ in Ṣāliḥ) (c); At-Turaif District in ad-Dir'iyah (c); Historic Jeddah, the Gate to Makkah (c); Rock Art in the Hail Region of Saudi Arabia (c); Al-Ahsa Oasis, an Evolving Cultural Landscape (c); Ḥimā Cultural Area (c); ‘Uruq Bani Ma’arid (n);The Cultural Landscape of Al-Faw Archaeological Area (c)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1088,8 +1086,8 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "the Saudi Arabian Armed Forces (SAAF) are divided into two ministries:<br><br>Ministry of Defense: Royal Saudi Land Forces, Royal Saudi Naval Forces (includes marines, special forces, naval aviation), Royal Saudi Air Force, Royal Saudi Air Defense Forces, Royal Saudi Strategic Missiles Force; Ministry of the National Guard: Saudi Arabian National Guard (SANG)<br><br>Other security forces include: <br><br>Ministry of Interior: Facilities Security Forces, Public Security Forces (police)<br><br>State Security Presidency (SSP): General Directorate of Investigation (Mabahith), Special Security Forces, Special Emergency Forces (2025)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the SANG (also known as the White Army) is a land force comprised off tribal elements loyal to the House of Saud; it is responsible for internal security, protecting the royal family, and external defense<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the SAAF includes the Saudi Royal Guard Command, a unit which provides security and protection to the ruling family and other dignitaries"
|
||||
"text": "the Saudi Arabian Armed Forces (SAAF) are divided into two ministries:<br><br>Ministry of Defense: Royal Saudi Land Forces, Royal Saudi Naval Forces (includes marines, special forces, naval aviation), Royal Saudi Air Force, Royal Saudi Air Defense Forces, Royal Saudi Strategic Missiles Force; Ministry of the National Guard: Saudi Arabian National Guard (SANG)<br><br>Other security forces include: <br><br>Ministry of Interior: Facilities Security Forces, Public Security Forces (police), General Directorate of Border Guard<br><br>State Security Presidency (SSP): General Directorate of Investigation (Mabahith), Special Security Forces, Special Emergency Forces (2025)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>the regular armed forces under the Ministry of Defense are responsible for external defense, although they can be called for domestic security duties if needed <br><br><strong>note 2</strong>: the SANG (also known as the White Army) is a land force comprised off tribal elements loyal to the House of Saud; it is responsible for internal security, protecting the royal family, guarding against military coups, defending strategic facilities and resources, and providing security for the cities of Mecca and Medina; it may also assist the regular armed forces in combat operations<br><br><strong>note 3:</strong> the SAAF includes the Saudi Royal Guard Command, a unit which provides security and protection to the ruling family and other dignitaries"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2024": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1123,7 +1121,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "continues to maintain a military presence in Yemen; has also established and supports several local militias, including the National Shield Forces in Aden and the Amajid Brigade in Abyan (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "the Saudi Arabian Armed Forces (SAAF) are divided into the regular forces under the Ministry of Defense and the Saudi Arabian National Guard (SANG); the regular forces are responsible for territorial defense, although they can be called for domestic security duties if needed; they include land, naval, air, air defense, and strategic missile forces<br><br>the SANG is responsible for both internal security and external defense; its duties include protecting the royal family, guarding against military coups, defending strategic facilities and resources, and providing security for the cities of Mecca and Medina; the SANG is primarily comprised of tribal elements loyal to the Saud family and is comprised of brigades of light infantry, mechanized or motorized infantry, and security forces; it is supplemented by combat helicopter units and tribal levies/militias known as Fowj<br><br>Saudi Arabia has close security ties with the US; the SAAF conducts bilateral exercises with the US military and hosts US forces; the US has participated in a cooperative program to equip and train the SANG since 1973; much of the equipment for both the regular forces and the SANG has been acquired from the US; Saudi Arabia also has defense relationships with China, France, India, the UK, and fellow Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) members; it is a member of the Peninsula Shield Forces, a joint military force established by the GCC countries with the aim of maintaining security and stability in the region; the force was established in 1982, and its leadership is based in Saudi Arabia<br><br>in 2015, Saudi Arabia led a military intervention into Yemen by a coalition of Arab states in support of the Republic of Yemen Government against the separatist Houthis; Saudi forces from both the Ministry of Defense and the SANG participated in combat operations in Yemen; Saudi Arabia also raised and equipped paramilitary/militia security forces in Yemen--based largely on tribal or regional affiliation--to deploy along the Saudi-Yemen border (2025)"
|
||||
"text": "Saudi Arabia's security concerns include border security, cyberattacks, instability and Houthi (Ansarallah) rebels in Yemen, international terrorism, maritime security, and regional rivals such as Iran and Turkey<br><br>Saudi Arabia has close security ties with the US; the SAAF conducts bilateral exercises with the US military and hosts US forces; the US has participated in a cooperative program to equip and train the SANG since 1973, and much of the equipment for both the regular forces and the SANG has been acquired from the US; Saudi Arabia also has defense relationships with China, France, India, the UK, and fellow Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) members; it is a member of the Peninsula Shield Forces, a joint military force established by the GCC countries with the aim of maintaining security and stability in the region; the force was established in 1982, and its leadership is based in Saudi Arabia<br><br>in 2015, Saudi Arabia led a military intervention into Yemen by a coalition of Arab states in support of the Republic of Yemen Government against the separatist Houthis (Ansarallah); Saudi forces from both the Ministry of Defense and the SANG participated in combat operations in Yemen; Saudi Arabia also raised and equipped paramilitary/militia security forces in Yemen--based largely on tribal or regional affiliation--to deploy along the Saudi-Yemen border (2025)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Space": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the recent civil war has altered the population distribution"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Natural hazards": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>dust storms, sandstorms</p><p><strong>volcanism:</strong> Syria's two historically active volcanoes, Es Safa and an unnamed volcano near the Turkish border have not erupted in centuries</p>"
|
||||
"text": "dust storms, sandstorms <br><br><strong>volcanism:</strong> Syria's two historically active volcanoes, Es Safa and an unnamed volcano near the Turkish border, have not erupted in centuries"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Geography - note": {
|
||||
"text": "the capital of Damascus is located at an oasis fed by the Barada River and is thought to be one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities; there are Israeli settlements and civilian land-use sites in the Israeli-controlled Golan Heights (2017)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -565,7 +565,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties": {
|
||||
"text": "<strong>legal parties/alliances:<br></strong> Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party<br>Arab Socialist (Ba'ath) Party – Syrian Regional<br>Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syrian Regional Branch, Socialist Unionist Democratic Party<br>Arab Socialist Union of Syria or ASU<br>Democratic Arab Socialist Union<br>National Progressive Front or NPF<br>Socialist Unionist Democratic Party<br>Socialist Unionist Party<br>Syrian Communist Party (two branches)<br>Syrian Social Nationalist Party or SSNP<br>Unionist Socialist Party<br><strong><br>major political organizations:<br></strong>Kurdish Democratic Union Party or PYD<br>Kurdish National Council or KNC<br>Syriac Union Party<br>Syrian Democratic Council or SDC<br>Syrian Democratic Party<br>Syrian Opposition Coalition<br> <p><strong>de facto governance entities:<br></strong>Democratic Autonomous Administration of Northeast Syria or DAANES <br>Syrian Interim Government or SIG<br>Syrian Salvation Government or SSG</p>"
|
||||
"text": "<strong>legal parties/alliances:<br></strong> Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party<br>Arab Socialist (Ba'ath) Party – Syrian Regional<br>Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syrian Regional Branch, Socialist Unionist Democratic Party<br>Arab Socialist Union of Syria or ASU<br>Democratic Arab Socialist Union<br>National Progressive Front or NPF<br>Socialist Unionist Democratic Party<br>Socialist Unionist Party<br>Syrian Communist Party (two branches)<br>Syrian Social Nationalist Party or SSNP<br>Unionist Socialist Party<br><strong><br>major political organizations:<br></strong>Kurdish Democratic Union Party or PYD<br>Kurdish National Council or KNC<br>Syriac Union Party<br>Syrian Democratic Council or SDC<br>Syrian Democratic Party<br>Syrian Opposition Coalition<br><br><strong>de facto governance entities:<br></strong>Democratic Autonomous Administration of Northeast Syria or DAANES <br>Syrian Interim Government or SIG<br>Syrian Salvation Government or SSG"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
|
||||
"text": "none<strong><br><br>note</strong>: operations at the embassy were suspended on 18 March 2014"
|
||||
|
|
@ -588,7 +588,8 @@
|
|||
"text": "17 April 1946 (from League of Nations mandate under French administration)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National holiday": {
|
||||
"text": "Independence Day (Evacuation Day), 17 April (1946); note - celebrates the leaving of the last French troops and the proclamation of full independence"
|
||||
"text": "Independence Day (Evacuation Day), 17 April (1946)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> celebrates the last French troops departing and the proclamation of full independence"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Flag description": {
|
||||
"text": "three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black; two green five-pointed stars in a horizontal line centered in the white band; the band colors come from the Arab Liberation flag and represent oppression (black) overcome through bloody struggle (red), to be replaced by a bright future (white); identical to the former flag of the United Arab Republic (1958-1961), where the two stars represented the constituent states of Syria and Egypt; the current design dates to 1980",
|
||||
|
|
@ -600,7 +601,7 @@
|
|||
"National color(s)": {
|
||||
"text": "red, white, black, green"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National anthem": {
|
||||
"National anthem(s)": {
|
||||
"title": {
|
||||
"text": "\"Humat ad-Diyar\" (Guardians of the Homeland)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -609,8 +610,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"history": {
|
||||
"text": "adopted 1936, restored 1961; the country had a different anthem between 1958 and 1961, when Syria was part of the United Arab Republic"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> adopted 1936, restored 1961; the country had a different anthem between 1958 and 1961, when Syria was part of the United Arab Republic"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National heritage": {
|
||||
"total World Heritage Sites": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "the most densely populated area is found around the Bosporus in the northwest, where 20% of the population lives in Istanbul; with the exception of Ankara, urban centers remain small and scattered throughout the interior of Anatolia; an overall pattern of peripheral development exists, particularly along the Aegean Sea coast in the west, and the Tigris and Euphrates River systems in the southeast"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Natural hazards": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>severe earthquakes, especially in northern Turkey, along an arc extending from the Sea of Marmara to Lake Van; landslides; flooding</p><p><strong>volcanism:</strong> limited volcanic activity; its three historically active volcanoes; Ararat, Nemrut Dagi, and Tendurek Dagi have not erupted since the 19th century or earlier</p>"
|
||||
"text": "severe earthquakes, especially in northern Turkey, along an arc extending from the Sea of Marmara to Lake Van; landslides; flooding <br><br><strong>volcanism:</strong> limited volcanic activity; the three historically active volcanoes (Ararat, Nemrut Dagi, and Tendurek Dagi) have not erupted since the 19th century or earlier"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Geography - note": {
|
||||
"text": "strategic location controlling the Turkish Straits (Bosporus, Sea of Marmara, Dardanelles) that link the Black and Aegean Seas; the 3% of Turkish territory north of the Straits lies in Europe and goes by the names of European Turkey, Eastern Thrace, or Turkish Thrace; the 97% of the country in Asia is referred to as Anatolia; Istanbul, which straddles the Bosporus, is the only metropolis in the world located on two continents; Mount Ararat, reputed to be the landing place of Noah's ark, is in the far-eastern part of the country"
|
||||
|
|
@ -664,7 +664,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "ADB (nonregional member), Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CBSS (observer), CD, CE, CERN (observer), CICA, CPLP (associate observer), D-8, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, EU (candidate country), FAO, FATF, G-20, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club (associate), PCA, PIF (partner), SCO (dialogue member), SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note</strong>: Turkey is an EU candidate country whose satisfactory completion of accession criteria is required before being granted full EU membership"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note</strong>: Turkey is an EU candidate country and must complete accession criteria before being granted full membership"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Independence": {
|
||||
"text": "29 October 1923 (republic proclaimed, succeeding the Ottoman Empire)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -681,7 +681,7 @@
|
|||
"National color(s)": {
|
||||
"text": "red, white"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National anthem": {
|
||||
"National anthem(s)": {
|
||||
"title": {
|
||||
"text": "\"Istiklal Marsi\" (Independence March)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -690,15 +690,14 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"history": {
|
||||
"text": "lyrics adopted 1921, music adopted 1932; the anthem's original music was adopted in 1924"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> lyrics adopted 1921, music adopted 1932; the anthem's original music was adopted in 1924"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National heritage": {
|
||||
"total World Heritage Sites": {
|
||||
"text": "21 (19 cultural, 2 mixed)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"selected World Heritage Site locales": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>Archaeological Site of Troy (c); Ephesus (c); Diyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape (c); Hierapolis-Pamukkale (m); Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia (m); Göbekli Tepe (c); Historic Areas of Istanbul (c); Selimiye Mosque and its Social Complex (c); Neolithic Site of Çatalhöyük (c); Bursa and Cumalıkızık: the Birth of the Ottoman Empire (c); Gordion (c); Great Mosque and Hospital of Divriği (c); Hattusha: the Hittite Capital (c); Nemrut Dağ (c); Xanthos-Letoon (c); City of Safranbolu (c); Pergamon and its Multi-Layered Cultural Landscape (c); Archaeological Site of Ani (c); Aphrodisias (c); Arslantepe Mound (c); Wooden Hypostyle Mosques of Medieval Anatolia (c); Turkmenistan (c)</p>"
|
||||
"text": "Archaeological Site of Troy (c); Ephesus (c); Diyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape (c); Hierapolis-Pamukkale (m); Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia (m); Göbekli Tepe (c); Historic Areas of Istanbul (c); Selimiye Mosque and its Social Complex (c); Neolithic Site of Çatalhöyük (c); Bursa and Cumalıkızık: the Birth of the Ottoman Empire (c); Gordion (c); Great Mosque and Hospital of Divriği (c); Hattusha: the Hittite Capital (c); Nemrut Dağ (c); Xanthos-Letoon (c); City of Safranbolu (c); Pergamon and its Multi-Layered Cultural Landscape (c); Archaeological Site of Ani (c); Aphrodisias (c); Arslantepe Mound (c); Wooden Hypostyle Mosques of Medieval Anatolia (c); Turkmenistan (c)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "the vast majority of the population is found in the Asir Mountains (part of the larger Sarawat Mountain system), located in the far western region of the country"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Natural hazards": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>sandstorms and dust storms in summer</p><p><strong>volcanism:</strong> limited volcanic activity; Jebel at Tair (Jabal al-Tair, Jebel Teir, Jabal al-Tayr, Jazirat at-Tair) (244 m), which forms an island in the Red Sea, erupted in 2007 after awakening from dormancy; other historically active volcanoes include Harra of Arhab, Harras of Dhamar, Harra es-Sawad, and Jebel Zubair, although many of these have not erupted in over a century</p>"
|
||||
"text": "sandstorms and dust storms in summer <br><br><strong>volcanism:</strong> limited volcanic activity; Jebel at Tair (Jabal al-Tair, Jebel Teir, Jabal al-Tayr, Jazirat at-Tair) (244 m), which forms an island in the Red Sea, became active in 2007; other historically active volcanoes include Harra of Arhab, Harras of Dhamar, Harra es-Sawad, and Jebel Zubair, although many of these have not erupted in over a century"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Geography - note": {
|
||||
"text": "strategic location on Bab el Mandeb, the strait linking the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden and one of world's most active shipping lanes"
|
||||
|
|
@ -651,17 +651,16 @@
|
|||
"National color(s)": {
|
||||
"text": "red, white, black"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National anthem": {
|
||||
"National anthem(s)": {
|
||||
"title": {
|
||||
"text": "\"al-qumhuriyatu l-muttahida\" (United Republic)"
|
||||
"text": "\"Al-qumhuriyatu l-muttahida\" (United Republic)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"lyrics/music": {
|
||||
"text": "Abdullah Abdulwahab NOA'MAN/Ayyoab Tarish ABSI"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"history": {
|
||||
"text": "adopted 1990; the music first served as the anthem for South Yemen before unification with North Yemen in 1990"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> adopted 1990; the music first served as the anthem for South Yemen before unification with North Yemen in 1990"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"National heritage": {
|
||||
"total World Heritage Sites": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue