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up json
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Gerald Bauer
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@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
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{
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"Introduction": {
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"Background": {
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"text": "Burundi's first democratically elected president was assassinated in October 1993 after only 100 days in office, triggering widespread ethnic violence between Hutu and Tutsi factions. More than 200,000 Burundians perished during the conflict that spanned almost a dozen years. Hundreds of thousands of Burundians were internally displaced or became refugees in neighboring countries. An internationally brokered power-sharing agreement between the Tutsi-dominated government and the Hutu rebels in 2003 paved the way for a transition process that integrated defense forces, and established a new constitution and elected a majority Hutu government in 2005. The government of President Pierre NKURUNZIZA, who was reelected in 2010, continues to face many political and economic challenges. Burundi began holding national elections in June 2015 with a presidential election scheduled for July."
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"text": "Burundi's first democratically elected president was assassinated in October 1993 after only 100 days in office, triggering widespread ethnic violence between Hutu and Tutsi factions. More than 200,000 Burundians perished during the conflict that spanned almost a dozen years. Hundreds of thousands of Burundians were internally displaced or became refugees in neighboring countries. An internationally brokered power-sharing agreement between the Tutsi-dominated government and the Hutu rebels in 2003 paved the way for a transition process that integrated defense forces, and established a new constitution and elected a majority Hutu government in 2005. The government of President Pierre NKURUNZIZA, who was reelected in 2010 and 2015, continues to face many political and economic challenges."
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}
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},
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"Geography": {
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"Location": {
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"text": "Central Africa, east of Democratic Republic of the Congo"
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"text": "Central Africa, east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, west of Tanzania"
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},
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"Geographic coordinates": {
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"text": "3 30 S, 30 00 E"
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@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
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"total": {
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"text": "1,140 km"
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},
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"border countries (3)": {
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"border countries": {
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"text": "Democratic Republic of the Congo 236 km, Rwanda 315 km, Tanzania 589 km"
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}
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},
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@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
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"text": "none (landlocked)"
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},
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"Climate": {
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"text": "equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees celcius but is generally moderate as the average altitude is about 1,700 m; average annual rainfall is about 150 cm; two wet seasons (February to May and September to November), and two dry seasons (June to August and December to January)"
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"text": "equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees Celsius but is generally moderate as the average altitude is about 1,700 m; average annual rainfall is about 150 cm; two wet seasons (February to May and September to November), and two dry seasons (June to August and December to January)"
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},
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"Terrain": {
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"text": "hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains"
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@ -391,7 +391,7 @@
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},
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"Executive branch": {
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"chief of state": {
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"text": "President Pierre NKURUNZIZA (since 26 August 2005); First Vice President Prosper BAZOMBAZA (since 13 February 2014); Second Vice President Gervais RUFYIKIRI (since 29 August 2010); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
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"text": "President Pierre NKURUNZIZA (since 26 August 2005); First Vice President Gaston SINDIMWO (since 25 August 2015); Second Vice President Joseph BUTORE (since 25 August 2015); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
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},
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"head of government": {
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"text": "President Pierre NKURUNZIZA (since 26 August 2005); First Vice President Prosper BAZOMBAZA (since 13 February 2014); Second Vice President Gervais RUFYIKIRI (since 29 August 2010)"
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@ -403,18 +403,18 @@
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"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 21 July 2015(next to be held in 2020); vice presidents nominated by the president, endorsed by Parliament"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "Pierre NKURUNZIZA reelected president; percent of vote - Pierre NKURUNZIZA (CNDD-FDD ) 69.4%, Agathon RWASA (National Liberation Forces) 19%, other 11.6%"
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"text": "Pierre NKURUNZIZA reelected president; percent of vote - Pierre NKURUNZIZA (CNDD-FDD) 69.4%, Agathon RWASA (National Liberation Forces) 19%, other 11.6%"
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}
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of the Senate (54 seats; 34 members indirectly elected by an electoral college of provincial councils using a two-thirds majority vote and 20 seats reserved for former heads of state; members serve 5-year terms) and the National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (100 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote with a required ethnic mix of 60 percent Hutu and 40 percent Tutsi, and at least 30 percent women; members serve 5-year terms)"
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"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of the Senate (37-54 seats; 34 members indirectly elected by an electoral college of provincial councils using a two-thirds majority vote, 3 seats reserved for Twas, 8 seats reserved for women, and 20 seats reserved for former heads of state; members serve 5-year terms) and the National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (118-121 seats; 100 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote with a required ethnic mix of 60% Hutu and 40% Tutsi, and at least 30% women; 18-21 members are co-opted including 3 members representing the Twas; members serve 5-year terms)"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "last held on 23 July 2010 (next to be held on 26 June 2015); note - legislative election delayed because of unrest"
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"text": "Senate - last held on 24 July 2015 (next to be hld onin 2019); National Assembly - last held on 29 June 2015 (next to be held on NA 2020)"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; National Assembly - percent of vote by party - CNDD-FDD 81.2%, UPRONA 11.6%, FRODEBU 5.9%, other 1.3%; seats by party - CNDD-FDD 81, UPRONA 17, FRODEBU 5, other 3"
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"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CBDD-FDD 30, UPRONA 2, FNL 1, and 4 seats reserved for heads of state, 3 seats for Twas, and 8 seats for women; National Assembly - percent of vote by party (preliminary results) - CNDD-FDD 60.3%, Burundians' Hope Independent 11.2% UPRONA 2.5%, other 26%; seats by party - CNDD-FDD 77, Burundians' Hope Independent 21, UPRONA 2, co-opted members 18, seats reserved for Twas 3"
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}
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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@ -664,67 +664,67 @@
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},
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"Energy": {
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"Electricity - production": {
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"text": "152 million kWh (2011 est.)"
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"text": "202 million kWh (2012 est.)"
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},
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"Electricity - consumption": {
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"text": "236.4 million kWh (2011 est.)"
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"text": "282.9 million kWh (2012 est.)"
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},
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"Electricity - exports": {
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"text": "0 kWh (2013 est.)"
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},
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"Electricity - imports": {
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"text": "95 million kWh (2011 est.)"
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"text": "95 million kWh (2012 est.)"
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},
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"Electricity - installed generating capacity": {
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"text": "52,000 kW (2011 est.)"
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"text": "55,000 kW (2012 est.)"
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},
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"Electricity - from fossil fuels": {
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"text": "1.9% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)"
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"text": "1.8% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
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},
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"Electricity - from nuclear fuels": {
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"text": "0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)"
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"text": "0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
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},
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"Electricity - from hydroelectric plants": {
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"text": "98.1% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)"
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"text": "98.2% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
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},
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"Electricity - from other renewable sources": {
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"text": "0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)"
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"text": "0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
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},
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"Crude oil - production": {
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"text": "0 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
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"text": "0 bbl/day (2014 est.)"
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},
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"Crude oil - exports": {
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"text": "0 bbl/day (2010 est.)"
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"text": "0 bbl/day (2012 est.)"
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},
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"Crude oil - imports": {
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"text": "0 bbl/day (2010 est.)"
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"text": "0 bbl/day (2012 est.)"
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},
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"Crude oil - proved reserves": {
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"text": "0 bbl (1 January 2014 est.)"
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"text": "0 bbl (1 January 2015 est.)"
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},
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"Refined petroleum products - production": {
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"text": "0 bbl/day (2010 est.)"
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"text": "0 bbl/day (2012 est.)"
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},
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"Refined petroleum products - consumption": {
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"text": "2,270 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
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"text": "1,500 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
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},
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"Refined petroleum products - exports": {
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"text": "0 bbl/day (2010 est.)"
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"text": "0 bbl/day (2012 est.)"
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},
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"Refined petroleum products - imports": {
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"text": "1,429 bbl/day (2010 est.)"
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"text": "1,456 bbl/day (2012 est.)"
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},
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"Natural gas - production": {
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"text": "0 cu m (2012 est.)"
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"text": "0 cu m (2013 est.)"
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},
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"Natural gas - consumption": {
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"text": "0 cu m (2012 est.)"
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"text": "0 cu m (2013 est.)"
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},
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"Natural gas - exports": {
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"text": "0 cu m (2012 est.)"
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"text": "0 cu m (2013 est.)"
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},
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"Natural gas - imports": {
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"text": "0 cu m (2012 est.)"
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"text": "0 cu m (2013 est.)"
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},
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"Natural gas - proved reserves": {
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"text": "0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.)"
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},
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"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
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"refugees (country of origin)": {
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"text": "54,011 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2015)"
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"text": "53,977 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2015)"
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},
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"IDPs": {
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"text": "79,200 (the majority are ethnic Tutsi displaced by inter-communal violence that broke out after the 1993 coup and fighting between government forces and rebel groups; no new displacements since 2008 when the last rebel group laid down its arms) (2015)"
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"text": "undetermined (some ethnic Tutsis remain displaced from intercommunal violence that broke out after the 1993 coup and fighting between government forces and rebel groups; violence since April 2015 has caused internal displacement, but exact figures are unknown because of insecurity and fear of reprisal attacks for self-identification as an IDP) (2015)"
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},
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"stateless persons": {
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"text": "1,302 (2014)"
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