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18
europe/al.json
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@ -1137,7 +1137,21 @@
"text": "3 (2021)"
},
"Airports - with paved runways": {
"text": "3",
"total": {
"text": "3"
},
"civil airports": {
"text": "0"
},
"military airports": {
"text": "1"
},
"joint use (civil-military) airports": {
"text": "1"
},
"other airports": {
"text": "1"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> paved runways have a concrete or asphalt surface but not all have facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control; the length of a runway required for aircraft to safely operate depends on a number of factors including the type of aircraft, the takeoff weight (including passengers, cargo, and fuel), engine types, flap settings, landing speed, elevation of the airport, and average maximum daily air temperature; paved runways can reach a length of 5,000 m (16,000 ft.), but the “typical” length of a commercial airline runway is between 2,500-4,000 m (8,000-13,000 ft.)"
},
"Pipelines": {
@ -1173,7 +1187,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Republic of Albania Armed Forces (Forcat e Armatosura të Republikës së Shqipërisë (FARSH); aka Albanian Armed Forces): Land Forces, Naval Force (includes Coast Guard), Air Forces; Ministry of Interior: Guard of the Republic, State Police (includes the Border and Migration Police) (2023)",
"text": "Republic of Albania Armed Forces (Forcat e Armatosura të Republikës së Shqipërisë (FARSH); aka Albanian Armed Forces): Land Forces, Naval Force (includes Coast Guard), Air Forces<br><br>Ministry of Interior: Guard of the Republic, State Police (includes the Border and Migration Police) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the State Police are primarily responsible for internal security, including counterterrorism, while the Guard of the Republic protects senior state officials, foreign dignitaries, and certain state properties"
},
"Military expenditures": {

2
europe/an.json
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@ -490,7 +490,7 @@
"text": "head of government indirectly elected by the General Council (Andorran parliament), formally appointed by the co-princes for a 4-year term; election last held on 2 April 2023 (next to be held in April 2027); the leader of the majority party in the General Council is usually elected head of government"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em>2023: </em>Xaviar Espot ZAMORA (DA) re-elected head of government; percent of General Council vote - 57.1%<em><br>2019:</em>  Xaviar Espot ZAMORA (DA) elected head of government; percent of General Council vote - 60.7"
"text": "<em><br>2023: </em>Xaviar Espot ZAMORA (DA) re-elected head of government; percent of General Council vote - 57.1%<em><br>2019:</em>  Xaviar Espot ZAMORA (DA) elected head of government; percent of General Council vote - 60.7"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {

26
europe/au.json
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@ -551,7 +551,7 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Alexander VAN DER BELLEN (since 26 January 2017); note - President Alexander VAN DER BELLEN was re-elected to a second six-year term on 9 October 2022"
"text": "President Alexander VAN DER BELLEN (since 26 January 2017); note - President Alexander VAN DER BELLEN&nbsp; reelected to a second six-year term on 9 October 2022"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Chancellor Karl NEHAMMER (since 6 December 2021); note - Chancellor Alexander SCHALLENBERG resigned on 2 December 2021"
@ -560,10 +560,10 @@
"text": "Council of Ministers proposed by the chancellor and appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); elections last held on 9 October 2022 (first round), (second round, which was annulled), (next election to be held in 2028); chancellor appointed by the president but determined by the majority coalition parties in the Federal Assembly; vice chancellor appointed by the president on the advice of the chancellor"
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 9 October 2022; (next election to be held in 2028); chancellor appointed by the president but determined by the majority coalition parties in the Federal Assembly; vice chancellor appointed by the president on the advice of the chancellor"
},
"election results": {
"text": "2022: Alexander VAN DER BELLEN elected in first round; percent of vote - Alexander VAN DER BELLEN (the Greens) 56.7%, Walter ROSENKRANZ (FPO) 17.7%, Dominik WLAZNY (Beer) 8.3%, Tassilo WALLENTIN (independent) 8.1%, Gerald GROSZ (independent) 5.6%<em><br><br>2016:</em> Alexander VAN DER BELLEN elected in second round; percent of vote in first round - Norbert HOFER (FPOe) 35.1%, Alexander VAN DER BELLEN (independent, allied with the Greens) 21.3%, Irmgard GRISS (independent) 18.9%, Rudolf HUNDSTORFER (SPOe) 11.3%, Andreas KHOL (OeVP) 11.1%, Richard LUGNER (independent) 2.3%; percent of vote in second round re-vote - Alexander VAN DER BELLEN 53.8%, Norbert HOFER 46.2%"
"text": "<br>2022: Alexander VAN DER BELLEN elected in first round; percent of vote - Alexander VAN DER BELLEN (the Greens) 56.7%, Walter ROSENKRANZ (FPO) 17.7%, Dominik WLAZNY (Beer) 8.3%, Tassilo WALLENTIN (independent) 8.1%, Gerald GROSZ (independent) 5.6%<em><br>2016:</em> Alexander VAN DER BELLEN elected in second round; percent of vote in first round - Norbert HOFER (FPOe) 35.1%, Alexander VAN DER BELLEN (independent, allied with the Greens) 21.3%, Irmgard GRISS (independent) 18.9%, Rudolf HUNDSTORFER (SPOe) 11.3%, Andreas KHOL (OeVP) 11.1%, Richard LUGNER (independent) 2.3%; percent of vote in second round - Alexander VAN DER BELLEN 53.8%, Norbert HOFER 46.2%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -1146,7 +1146,21 @@
"text": "50 (2021)"
},
"Airports - with paved runways": {
"text": "24",
"total": {
"text": "24"
},
"civil airports": {
"text": "5"
},
"military airports": {
"text": "1"
},
"joint use (civil-military) airports": {
"text": "0"
},
"other airports": {
"text": "18"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> paved runways have a concrete or asphalt surface but not all have facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control; the length of a runway required for aircraft to safely operate depends on a number of factors including the type of aircraft, the takeoff weight (including passengers, cargo, and fuel), engine types, flap settings, landing speed, elevation of the airport, and average maximum daily air temperature; paved runways can reach a length of 5,000 m (16,000 ft.), but the “typical” length of a commercial airline runway is between 2,500-4,000 m (8,000-13,000 ft.)"
},
"Airports - with unpaved runways": {
@ -1222,7 +1236,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> as of 2019, women made up about 4% of the military's full-time personnel<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> in a January 2013 referendum, a majority of Austrians voted in favor of retaining the system of compulsory military service (with the option of alternative/non-military service) instead of switching to a professional army system; approximately 40% of those liable to compulsory service have opted in favor of  alternative civil/community service"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "170 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR stabilization force); 300 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 200 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (Aug 2022)"
"text": "170 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR stabilization force); 250 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 200 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Austria is constitutionally militarily non-aligned but is an EU member and actively participates in EU peacekeeping and crisis management operations under the Common Security and Defense Policy; Austria is not a member of NATO but joined NATO&rsquo;s Partnership for Peace framework in 1995 and participates in NATO-led crisis management and peacekeeping operations; as of 2023, more than 100,000 Austrian military and civilian personnel had taken part in more than 50 international peace support and humanitarian missions since 1960 (2023)"
@ -1240,7 +1254,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "67,588 (Syria), 43,725 (Afghanistan), 10,110 (Iraq), 8,684 (Somalia), 7,294 (Iran), 6,124 (Russia) (mid-year 2022); 99,270 (Ukraine) (as of 19 June 2023)"
"text": "67,588 (Syria), 43,725 (Afghanistan), 10,110 (Iraq), 8,684 (Somalia), 7,294 (Iran), 6,124 (Russia) (mid-year 2022); 99,590 (Ukraine) (as of 26 June 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "3,219 (2022)"

18
europe/be.json
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@ -1152,7 +1152,21 @@
"text": "41 (2021)"
},
"Airports - with paved runways": {
"text": "26",
"total": {
"text": "26"
},
"civil airports": {
"text": "5"
},
"military airports": {
"text": "5"
},
"joint use (civil-military) airports": {
"text": "2"
},
"other airports": {
"text": "14"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> paved runways have a concrete or asphalt surface but not all have facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control; the length of a runway required for aircraft to safely operate depends on a number of factors including the type of aircraft, the takeoff weight (including passengers, cargo, and fuel), engine types, flap settings, landing speed, elevation of the airport, and average maximum daily air temperature; paved runways can reach a length of 5,000 m (16,000 ft.), but the “typical” length of a commercial airline runway is between 2,500-4,000 m (8,000-13,000 ft.)"
},
"Airports - with unpaved runways": {
@ -1257,7 +1271,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "20,086 (Syria), 7,049 (Afghanistan), 5,769 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 71,070 (Ukraine) (as of 6 June 2023)"
"text": "20,086 (Syria), 7,049 (Afghanistan), 5,769 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 71,070 (Ukraine) (as of 20 June 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "1,190 (2022)"

2
europe/bk.json
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@ -543,7 +543,7 @@
"text": "Chairman of the Presidency Zeljka CVIJANOVIC (chairman since 16 November 2022; presidency member since 16 November 2022 - Serb seat); Zeljko KOMSIC (presidency member since 20 November 2018 - Croat seat); Denis BECIROVIC (presidency member since 16 November 2022 - Bosniak seat)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Chairman of the Council of Ministers Borjana KRISTO&nbsp; (since 25 January 2023)"
"text": "Chairman of the Council of Ministers Borjana KRISTO (since 25 January 2023)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers nominated by the council chairman, approved by the state-level House of Representatives"

6
europe/bo.json
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@ -562,10 +562,10 @@
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (no term limits); first election took place on 23 June and 10 July 1994; according to the 1994 constitution, the next election should have been held in 1999; however, Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA extended his term to 2001 via a November 1996 referendum; subsequent election held on 9 September 2001; an October 2004 referendum ended presidential term limits and allowed the President LUKASHENKA to run and win in a third (19 March 2006), fourth (19 December 2010), fifth (11 October 2015), and sixth (9 August 2020); next election to be held in (2025); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president and approved by the National Assembly"
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (no term limits); first election held on 23 June and 10 July 1994; according to the 1994 constitution, the next election should have been held in 1999; however, Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA extended his term to 2001 via a November 1996 referendum; subsequent election held on 9 September 2001; an October 2004 referendum ended presidential term limits and allowed the President LUKASHENKA to run and win a third&nbsp; term (19 March 2006); a fourth term (19 December 2010); a fifth term (11 October 2015); a sixth term (9 August 2020); next election to be held in 2025; prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president and approved by the National Assembly"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA reelected president (9 August 2022); percent of vote - Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA (independent) 80.1%, Svyatlana TSIKHANOWSKAYA (independent) 10.1%, other 9.8%; note - widespread street protests erupted following announcement of the election results amid allegations of voter fraud<br><br>Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA president (11 October 2015); percent of vote - Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA (independent) 84.1%, Tatsyana KARATKEVICH 4.4%, Sergey GAYDUKEVICH 3.3%, other 8.2%."
"text": "<em><br>9 August 2020:</em> Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA reelected president (); percent of vote - Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA (independent) 80.1%, Svyatlana TSIKHANOWSKAYA (independent) 10.1%, other 9.8%; note - widespread street protests erupted following announcement of the election results amid allegations of voter fraud<br><em><br>11 October 2015:</em> Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA president (); percent of vote - Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA (independent) 84.1%, Tatsyana KARATKEVICH 4.4%, Sergey GAYDUKEVICH 3.3%, other 8.2%."
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -1208,7 +1208,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Belarus Armed Forces: Army, Air and Air Defense Force, Special Operations Force, Special Troops (electronic warfare, signals, engineers, biological/chemical/nuclear protection troops, etc); Ministry of Interior: State Border Troops, Militia, Internal Troops (2023)",
"text": "Belarus Armed Forces: Army, Air and Air Defense Force, Special Operations Force, Special Troops (electronic warfare, signals, engineers, biological/chemical/nuclear protection troops, etc)<br><br>Ministry of Interior: State Border Troops, Militia, Internal Troops (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in early 2023, President LUKASHENKO ordered the formation of a new volunteer paramilitary territorial defense force to supplement the Army"
},
"Military expenditures": {

24
europe/bu.json
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@ -553,7 +553,7 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President President Rumen RADEV (since 22 January 2017); Vice President Iliana IOTOVA (since 22 January 2017)"
"text": "President Rumen RADEV (since 22 January 2017); Vice President Iliana IOTOVA (since 22 January 2017)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Nikolay DENKOV (since 6 June 2023)"
@ -565,7 +565,7 @@
"text": "president and vice president elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 14 and 21 November 2021 (next to be held in fall 2026); chairman of the Council of Ministers (prime minister) elected by the National Assembly; deputy prime ministers nominated by the prime minister, elected by the National Assembly"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em>2021</em>: Rumen RADEV reelected president in second round; percent of vote in the first round - Rumen RADEV (independent) 49.4%, Anastas GERDZHIKOV (independent) 22.8%, Mustafa KARADAYI (DPS) 11.6%, Kostadin KOSTADINOV (Revival) 3.9%, Lozan PANOV (independent) 3.7%, other 8.6%; percent of vote in the second round - Rumen RADEV 66.7%, Anastas GERDZHIKOV 31.8%, neither 1.5%<br><br><em>2016: </em>Rumen RADEV elected president in second round; percent of vote in the second round - Rumen RADEV (independent, supported by Bulgarian Socialist Party) 59.4%, Tsetska TSACHEVA (GERB) 36.2%, neither 4.5%<br><br><em>2011:</em> Rosen PLEVNELIEV elected president in the second round; percent of vote in the second round - Rosen PLEVNELIEV (independent) 52.6%, Ivailo KALFIN (BSP) 47.4%"
"text": "<em><br>2021</em>: Rumen RADEV reelected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Rumen RADEV (independent) 49.4%, Anastas GERDZHIKOV (independent) 22.8%, Mustafa KARADAYI (DPS) 11.6%, Kostadin KOSTADINOV (Revival) 3.9%, Lozan PANOV (independent) 3.7%, other 8.6%; percent of vote in the second round - Rumen RADEV 66.7%, Anastas GERDZHIKOV 31.8%, neither 1.5%<br><em>2016: </em>Rumen RADEV elected president in second round; percent of vote - Rumen RADEV (independent, supported by Bulgarian Socialist Party) 59.4%, Tsetska TSACHEVA (GERB) 36.2%, neither 4.5%<br><br><em>2011:</em> Rosen PLEVNELIEV elected president in the second round; percent of vote in the second round - Rosen PLEVNELIEV (independent) 52.6%, Ivailo KALFIN (BSP) 47.4%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -1165,7 +1165,21 @@
"text": "68 (2021)"
},
"Airports - with paved runways": {
"text": "57",
"total": {
"text": "57"
},
"civil airports": {
"text": "5"
},
"military airports": {
"text": "6"
},
"joint use (civil-military) airports": {
"text": "1"
},
"other airports": {
"text": "45"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> paved runways have a concrete or asphalt surface but not all have facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control; the length of a runway required for aircraft to safely operate depends on a number of factors including the type of aircraft, the takeoff weight (including passengers, cargo, and fuel), engine types, flap settings, landing speed, elevation of the airport, and average maximum daily air temperature; paved runways can reach a length of 5,000 m (16,000 ft.), but the “typical” length of a commercial airline runway is between 2,500-4,000 m (8,000-13,000 ft.)"
},
"Airports - with unpaved runways": {
@ -1214,7 +1228,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Bulgarian Armed Forces (aka Bulgarian Army): Land Forces, Air Force, Navy; Ministry of Interior: General Directorate National Police (GDNP), General Directorate Border Police (GDBP), General Directorate for Combating Organized Crime (GDCOC), Fire Safety and Civil Protection General Directorate, Special Unit for Combating Terrorism (SOBT) (2023)",
"text": "Bulgarian Armed Forces (aka Bulgarian Army): Land Forces, Air Force, Navy<br><br>Ministry of Interior: General Directorate National Police (GDNP), General Directorate Border Police (GDBP), General Directorate for Combating Organized Crime (GDCOC), Fire Safety and Civil Protection General Directorate, Special Unit for Combating Terrorism (SOBT) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the GDMP includes the Gendarmerie, a special police force with military status deployed to secure important facilities, buildings and infrastructure, to respond to riots, and to counter militant threats"
},
"Military expenditures": {
@ -1266,7 +1280,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "1,129 (2022)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 90,264 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-April 2023); Bulgaria is predominantly a transit country"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 91,531 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2023); Bulgaria is predominantly a transit country"
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"tier rating": {

6
europe/cy.json
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@ -1079,7 +1079,7 @@
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Cyprus suffered from the effects of the pandemic in 2020 and 2021, when the tourism sector was essentially closed; during 2022, there have been adverse effects caused by Russia&rsquo;s invasion of Ukraine, which has resulted in a dramatic drop in the number of Russian tourists entering the country; the mobile market is served by four mobile network operators; the number of mobile subscribers fell in 2020, largely the result of subscribers scaling back on multiple SIM cards as an economic measure; the broadband market continues to develop steadily, providing the country with one of the highest broadband penetration rates in the region; DSL remains the dominant access platform, accounting for about two-thirds of fixed broadband connections; although fiber infrastructure in Cyprus is minimal (supported by the government and regulator) to extend an FttP service to about 200,000 premises; as a result, the number of DSL subscribers is set to fall steadily in coming years as customers are migrated to the fiber platform (2021)"
"text": "Cyprus suffered from the effects of the pandemic in 2020 and 2021, when the tourism sector was essentially closed; during 2022, there were adverse effects caused by Russia&rsquo;s invasion of Ukraine, which has resulted in a dramatic drop in the number of Russian tourists entering the country; the mobile market is served by four mobile network operators; the number of mobile subscribers fell in 2020, largely the result of subscribers scaling back on multiple SIM cards as an economic measure; the broadband market continues to develop steadily, providing the country with one of the highest broadband penetration rates in the region; DSL remains the dominant access platform, accounting for about two-thirds of fixed broadband connections; although fiber infrastructure in Cyprus is minimal (supported by the government and regulator) to extend an FttP service to about 200,000 premises; as a result, the number of DSL subscribers is set to fall steadily in coming years as customers are migrated to the fiber platform (2023)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line about 34 per 100 and about 149 per 100 for mobile-cellular teledensity (2021)"
@ -1177,7 +1177,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Republic of Cyprus: Cypriot National Guard (Ethniki Froura, EF; includes Army Land Forces, Naval Command, Air Command) (2022)"
"text": "Republic of Cyprus: Cypriot National Guard (Ethniki Froura, EF; includes Army Land Forces, Naval Command, Air Command) (2023)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
@ -1200,7 +1200,7 @@
"text": "approximately 13,000 total active duty personnel (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory is a mix of Soviet-era and some more modern weapons systems from several countries, including France, Israel, Russia, and Serbia (2023)"
"text": "the military's inventory is a mix of mostly Soviet-era weapons and equipment along with some more modern systems from several countries, including France, Israel, Russia, and Serbia (2023)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "Cypriot National Guard (CNG): 18-50 years of age for compulsory military service for all Greek Cypriot males; 17 years of age for voluntary service; 14-month service obligation (2023)",

6
europe/ei.json
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@ -1167,7 +1167,7 @@
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Irish Defense Forces (Oglaigh na h-Eireannn): Army, Air Corps, Naval Service, Reserve Defense Forces (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> An Garda Siochana (or Garda) is the national police force and maintains internal security under the auspices of the Department of Justice "
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> An Garda Siochana (or Garda) is the national police force and maintains internal security under the auspices of the Department of Justice"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
@ -1197,7 +1197,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2021, women made up about 7% of the military's full-time personnel<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the Defense Forces are open to refugees under the Refugee Act of 1996 and nationals of the European Economic Area, which include EU member states, Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "130 Golan Heights (UNDOF); 340 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2023)"
"text": "130 Golan Heights (UNDOF); 325 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the Irish Defense Forces trace their origins back to the Irish Volunteers, a unit established in 1913; the Irish Volunteers took part in the 1916 Easter Rising and the Irish War of Independence, 1919-1921</p> <p>Ireland has a long-standing policy of military neutrality; however, it participates in international peacekeeping and humanitarian operations, as well as crisis management; Ireland is a signatory of the EU’s Common Security and Defense Policy and has committed a battalion of troops to the EU’s Rapid Reaction Force; Ireland is not a member of NATO but has a relationship going back to 1997 when it deployed personnel in support of the NATO-led peacekeeping operations in Bosnia and Herzegovina; Ireland joined NATO’s Partnership for Peace program in 1999; Ireland has been an active participant in UN peacekeeping operations since the 1950s</p> (2023)"
@ -1215,7 +1215,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "85,790 (Ukraine) (as of 18 June 2023)"
"text": "86,575 (Ukraine) (as of 26 June 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "7 (2022)"

2
europe/en.json
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@ -1187,7 +1187,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Estonian Defense Forces: Land Forces, Navy, Air Force, Estonian Defense League (Reserves); Ministry of Interior: Police, Border Guard Board, Internal Security Service (2023)"
"text": "Estonian Defense Forces: Land Forces, Navy, Air Force, Estonian Defense League (Reserves)<br><br>Ministry of Interior: Police, Border Guard Board, Internal Security Service (2023)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {

2
europe/ez.json
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@ -1186,7 +1186,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Czech Armed Forces: Land Forces; Air Forces; Cyber Forces; Special Forces (2022)"
"text": "Czech Armed Forces: Land Forces, Air Forces, Cyber Forces, Special Forces (2023)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {

22
europe/fi.json
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@ -1164,7 +1164,21 @@
"text": "148 (2021)"
},
"Airports - with paved runways": {
"text": "74",
"total": {
"text": "74"
},
"civil airports": {
"text": "11"
},
"military airports": {
"text": "2"
},
"joint use (civil-military) airports": {
"text": "2"
},
"other airports": {
"text": "59"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> paved runways have a concrete or asphalt surface but not all have facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control; the length of a runway required for aircraft to safely operate depends on a number of factors including the type of aircraft, the takeoff weight (including passengers, cargo, and fuel), engine types, flap settings, landing speed, elevation of the airport, and average maximum daily air temperature; paved runways can reach a length of 5,000 m (16,000 ft.), but the “typical” length of a commercial airline runway is between 2,500-4,000 m (8,000-13,000 ft.)"
},
"Airports - with unpaved runways": {
@ -1218,8 +1232,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Finnish Defense Forces (FDF; Puolustusvoimat): Army (Maavoimat), Navy (Merivoimat), Air Force (Ilmavoimat); Ministry of the Interior: Border Guard (Rajavartiolaitos), National Police  (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Border Guard becomes part of the FDF in wartime"
"text": "Finnish Defense Forces (FDF; Puolustusvoimat): Army (Maavoimat), Navy (Merivoimat), Air Force (Ilmavoimat) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Border Guard (Rajavartiolaitos) and National Police are under the Ministry of the Interior; the Border Guard becomes part of the FDF in wartime"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
@ -1250,7 +1264,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the military trains approximately 21,000 conscripts each year; women have served on a voluntary basis since 1995, and as of 2022 made up about 19% of the military's full-time personnel<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>Finland has had conscription since 1951"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "160 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (May 2022)"
"text": "225 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Finland joined NATO in April 2023; Finland had been part of NATO’s Partnership for Peace program since 1994, and Finnish Armed Forces participated in NATO-led military operations and missions in the Balkans, Afghanistan, and Iraq<br><br>Finland is a signatory of the EU’s Common Security and Defense Policy (CSDP) and actively participates in CSDP crisis management missions and operations<br><br>the Finnish Armed Forces cooperate closely with the militaries of other Nordic countries through the Nordic Defense Cooperation (NORDEFCO), which consists of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden; areas of cooperation include armaments, education, human resources, training and exercises, and operations; NORDEFCO was established in 2009 (2023)"

18
europe/fr.json
View file

@ -1202,7 +1202,21 @@
"text": "464 (2021)"
},
"Airports - with paved runways": {
"text": "294",
"total": {
"text": "294"
},
"civil airports": {
"text": "64"
},
"military airports": {
"text": "22"
},
"joint use (civil-military) airports": {
"text": "5"
},
"other airports": {
"text": "204"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> paved runways have a concrete or asphalt surface but not all have facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control; the length of a runway required for aircraft to safely operate depends on a number of factors including the type of aircraft, the takeoff weight (including passengers, cargo, and fuel), engine types, flap settings, landing speed, elevation of the airport, and average maximum daily air temperature; paved runways can reach a length of 5,000 m (16,000 ft.), but the “typical” length of a commercial airline runway is between 2,500-4,000 m (8,000-13,000 ft.)"
},
"Airports - with unpaved runways": {
@ -1301,7 +1315,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>in 2019, women comprised approximately 16% of the uniformed armed forces  <br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>men between the ages of 17.5 and 39.5 years of age, of any nationality, may join the French Foreign Legion; those volunteers selected for service sign five-year contracts<br><br><strong>note 3:</strong> in 2018, Parliament passed a law that would require military service for all genders beginning in 2024; President MACRON included the measure in his platform hoping that it would reinvigorate a sense of civic duty; the service would include two components: the first would take place around age 16 and include one month of training and civic service, while the second component would last between three months and a year and be more geared towards defense and security duties; France began a pilot for the program in 2019"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "approximately 300 Central African Republic; approximately 1,000 Chad; 300 Comoros; approximately 900 Cote d'Ivoire; approximately 1,400 Djibouti; 300 Estonia (NATO); approximately 2,000 French Guyana; approximately 900 French Polynesia; approximately 1,000 French West Indies; 350 Gabon; approximately 500 Middle East (Iraq/Jordan/Syria); 600 Lebanon (UNIFIL); approximately 1,400 New Caledonia; approximately 1,500 Niger; approximately 1,700 Reunion Island; approximately 800 Romania (NATO); approximately 350 Senegal; approximately 650 United Arab Emirates (2023)",
"text": "approximately 300 Central African Republic; approximately 1,000 Chad; 300 Comoros; approximately 900 Cote d'Ivoire; approximately 1,400 Djibouti; 300 Estonia (NATO); approximately 2,000 French Guyana; approximately 900 French Polynesia; approximately 1,000 French West Indies; 350 Gabon; approximately 500 Middle East (Iraq/Jordan/Syria); 650 Lebanon (UNIFIL); approximately 1,400 New Caledonia; approximately 1,500 Niger; approximately 1,700 Reunion Island; approximately 800 Romania (NATO); approximately 350 Senegal; approximately 650 United Arab Emirates (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in response to Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, some NATO countries, including France, have sent additional troops to the battlegroups deployed in NATO territory in eastern Europe"
},
"Military - note": {

20
europe/gm.json
View file

@ -1177,7 +1177,21 @@
"text": "539 (2021)"
},
"Airports - with paved runways": {
"text": "318",
"total": {
"text": "318"
},
"civil airports": {
"text": "49"
},
"military airports": {
"text": "21"
},
"joint use (civil-military) airports": {
"text": "6"
},
"other airports": {
"text": "242"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> paved runways have a concrete or asphalt surface but not all have facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control; the length of a runway required for aircraft to safely operate depends on a number of factors including the type of aircraft, the takeoff weight (including passengers, cargo, and fuel), engine types, flap settings, landing speed, elevation of the airport, and average maximum daily air temperature; paved runways can reach a length of 5,000 m (16,000 ft.), but the “typical” length of a commercial airline runway is between 2,500-4,000 m (8,000-13,000 ft.)"
},
"Airports - with unpaved runways": {
@ -1272,7 +1286,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> women have been eligible for voluntary service in all military branches and positions since 2001 and account for about 12% of the German military"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "up to 500 Iraq (NATO); 1,000 Lithuania (NATO); approximately 1,100 Mali (MINUSMA/EUTM); 280 Slovakia (NATO) (2022)",
"text": "up to 500 Iraq (NATO); up to 1,400 Lithuania (NATO); approximately 1,100 Mali (MINUSMA/EUTM); 280 Slovakia (NATO) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>in November 2022, Germany pledged to withdraw its troops from Mali by Spring 2024<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>in response to Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, some NATO countries, including Germany, have sent additional troops and equipment to the battlegroups deployed in NATO territory in eastern Europe"
},
"Military - note": {
@ -1291,7 +1305,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "664,238 (Syria), 183,631 (Afghanistan), 151,254 (Iraq), 64,496 (Eritrea), 47,658 (Iran), 38,755 (Turkey), 32,155 (Somalia), 13,334 (Russia), 12,155 (Nigeria), 9,250 (Pakistan), 6,257 (Serbia and Kosovo), 6,912 (Ethiopia), 5,532 (Azerbaijan) (mid-year 2022); 948,440 (Ukraine) (as of 4 June 2023)"
"text": "664,238 (Syria), 183,631 (Afghanistan), 151,254 (Iraq), 64,496 (Eritrea), 47,658 (Iran), 38,755 (Turkey), 32,155 (Somalia), 13,334 (Russia), 12,155 (Nigeria), 9,250 (Pakistan), 6,257 (Serbia and Kosovo), 6,912 (Ethiopia), 5,532 (Azerbaijan) (mid-year 2022); 958,590 (Ukraine) (as of 25 June 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "28,941 (2022)"

12
europe/gr.json
View file

@ -577,7 +577,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Coalition of the Radical Left-Progressive Alliance or SYRIZA-PS [Alexios (Alexis) TSIPRAS]<br>Communist Party of Greece or KKE [Dimitrios KOUTSOUMBAS]<br>Course of Freedom [Zoe KONSTANTOPOULOU]<br>Democratic Patriotic Movement-Victory or NIKI [Dimitris NATSIOS]<br>Greek Solution [Kyriakos VELOPOULOS]<br>New Democracy or ND [Kyriakos MITSOTAKIS]<br>PASOK - Movement for Change or PASOK-KINAL [Nikolaos (Nikos) ANDROULAKIS]<br>Spartans [Vassilis STIGAS]"
"text": "Coalition of the Radical Left-Progressive Alliance or SYRIZA-PS (vacant)<br>Communist Party of Greece or KKE [Dimitrios KOUTSOUMBAS]<br>Course of Freedom [Zoe KONSTANTOPOULOU]<br>Democratic Patriotic Movement-Victory or NIKI [Dimitris NATSIOS]<br>Greek Solution [Kyriakos VELOPOULOS]<br>New Democracy or ND [Kyriakos MITSOTAKIS]<br>PASOK - Movement for Change or PASOK-KINAL [Nikolaos (Nikos) ANDROULAKIS]<br>Spartans [Vassilis STIGAS]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
@ -1079,7 +1079,7 @@
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Greece&rsquo;s telecom market is susceptible to the country&rsquo;s volatile economy, and as a result revenue among the key networks has been variable; broadband subscriptions in Greece are developing steadily despite the difficult economic conditions; the main networks are concentrating investment on fiber-based next generation networks, enabling them to reach the European broadband targets for 2025; their work is also supported by government ultra-fast broadband projects, largely funded by the EC and aimed at delivering a service of at least 100Mb/s to under served areas; Greece&rsquo;s well-developed mobile market is dominated by the three MNOs; Networks continue to invest in LTE infrastructure and technologies to provide networks capable of meeting customer demand for data services; after extensive trials of 5G, the MNOs were able to launch commercial services in early 2021 following the December 2020 allocation of frequencies in a range of bands; the rapid rollout of 5G encouraged the shut down of the 3G network (a process expected to be completed by the end of 2021) and reallocate for LTE and 5G. (2022)"
"text": "Greece&rsquo;s telecom market is susceptible to the country&rsquo;s volatile economy, and, as a result, revenue among the key networks has been variable; broadband subscriptions in Greece are developing steadily; the main networks are concentrating investment on fiber-based next generation networks, enabling them to reach the European broadband targets for 2025; their work is also supported by government ultra-fast broadband projects, largely funded by the EC and aimed at delivering a service of at least 100Mb/s to under served areas; Greece&rsquo;s well-developed mobile market is dominated by the three MNOs; Networks continue to invest in LTE infrastructure and technologies to provide networks capable of meeting customer demand for data services; after extensive trials of 5G, the MNOs were able to launch commercial services in early 2021 following the December 2020 allocation of frequencies in a range of bands; the rapid rollout of 5G encouraged the shut down of the 3G network (a process expected to be completed by the end of 2021) and reallocate for LTE and 5G. (2023)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "47 per 100 subscribers for fixed-line and 110 per 100 for mobile-cellular (2021)"
@ -1184,8 +1184,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Hellenic Armed Forces: Hellenic Army (Ellinikos Stratos, ES; includes National Guard), Hellenic Navy (Elliniko Polemiko Navtiko, EPN), Hellenic Air Force (Elliniki Polemiki Aeroporia, EPA; includes air defense); Ministry of Shipping Affairs and Island Policy: Coast Guard (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the police (under the Ministry of Citizen Protection) and the armed forces (Ministry of National Defense) share law enforcement duties in certain border areas; border protection is coordinated by a deputy minister for national defense<br><br>note 2: the National Guard was established in 1982 as an official part of the Army to help protect Greece and provide reinforcements and support to the Army in peacetime and in times of mobilization and war; members undergo weekly training run by the Army, which also provides weapons and ammunition"
"text": "Hellenic Armed Forces: Hellenic Army (Ellinikos Stratos, ES; includes National Guard), Hellenic Navy (Elliniko Polemiko Navtiko, EPN), Hellenic Air Force (Elliniki Polemiki Aeroporia, EPA; includes air defense) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the police (under the Ministry of Citizen Protection) and the armed forces (Ministry of National Defense) share law enforcement duties in certain border areas; border protection is coordinated by a deputy minister for national defense; the Greek Coast Guard is under the Ministry of Shipping Affairs and Island Policy<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the National Guard was established in 1982 as an official part of the Army to help protect Greece and provide reinforcements and support to the Army in peacetime and in times of mobilization and war; members undergo weekly training run by the Army, which also provides weapons and ammunition"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
@ -1216,7 +1216,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>compulsory service applies to any individual whom the Greek authorities consider to be Greek, regardless of whether the individual considers himself Greek, has a foreign citizenship and passport, or was born or lives outside of Greece; Greek citizens living permanently outside of Greece have the right to postpone their conscription; they are permanently exempted from their military obligations when they reach the age of 45 years old<strong><br><br>note 2: </strong>up to 50% of the Greek military is comprised of conscripts<br><br><strong>note 3: </strong>as of 2019, women comprised approximately 19% of the military's full-time personnel"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "approximately 1,000 Cyprus; 100 Kosovo (NATO); 100 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2022)"
"text": "approximately 1,000 Cyprus; 100 Kosovo (NATO); 140 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Greece joined NATO in 1952"
@ -1239,7 +1239,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "4,488 (2022)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 1,239,662 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2023)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 1,240,020 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2023)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "a gateway to Europe for traffickers smuggling cannabis products and heroin from the Middle East and Southwest Asia to the West and precursor chemicals to the East; some South American cocaine transits or is consumed in Greece; money laundering related to drug trafficking and organized crime"

4
europe/hr.json
View file

@ -1234,7 +1234,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2021, women comprised nearly 15% of the military's full-time personnel"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "130 Kosovo (KFOR/NATO) (2022)",
"text": "150 Kosovo (KFOR/NATO) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in response to Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, some NATO countries have sent additional troops and equipment to the battlegroups deployed in NATO territory in eastern Europe"
},
"Military - note": {
@ -1247,7 +1247,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "23,115 (Ukraine) (as of 16 June 2023)"
"text": "23,305 (Ukraine) (as of 23 June 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "2,889 (2022)"

8
europe/hu.json
View file

@ -1213,8 +1213,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Hungarian Defense Forces (HDF or Magyar Honvédség): the HDF is organized as a joint force under a general staff with commands for land, air, cyber, special operations, territorial defense, and support forces; Ministry of Interior: National Police, Counterterrorism Center (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the National Police is responsible for maintaining order nationwide; the Counterterrorism Center is a special police force responsible for protecting the president and the prime minister and for preventing, uncovering, and detecting terrorist acts; it is directly subordinate to the Minister of Interior"
"text": "Hungarian Defense Forces (HDF or Magyar Honvédség): the HDF is organized as a joint force under a general staff with commands for land, air, cyber, special operations, territorial defense, and support forces (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the National Police are under the Ministry of Interior and responsible for maintaining order nationwide; the Ministry of Interior also has the Counterterrorism Center, a special police force responsible for protecting the president and the prime minister and for preventing, uncovering, and detecting terrorist acts"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
@ -1245,7 +1245,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2019, women comprised approximately 20% of Hungary's full-time military personnel"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "160 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR stabilization force); 150 Iraq (NATO); 470 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR) (2022)"
"text": "150 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR stabilization force); 150 Iraq (NATO); 430 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Hungary joined NATO in 1999; Czechia, Hungary, and Poland were invited to begin accession talks at NATO's Madrid Summit in 1997 and in March 1999 they became the first former members of the Warsaw Pact to join the Alliance (2023)"
@ -1263,7 +1263,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "36,315 (Ukraine) (as of 18 June 2023)"
"text": "36,315 (Ukraine) (as of 26 June 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "130 (2022)"

3
europe/ic.json
View file

@ -1135,7 +1135,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "no regular military forces; Ministry of Interior: Icelandic Coast Guard (includes both air and maritime elements); Icelandic National Police (2023)"
"text": "no regular military forces; the Icelandic National Police, the nine regional police forces, and the Icelandic Coast Guard fall under the purview of the Ministry of Justice (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Icelandic Coast Guard is responsible for operational defense tasks in Iceland including but not limited to operation of Keflavik Air Base, special security zones, and Iceland's air defense systems"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Icelandic Coast Guard's inventory consists of equipment from mostly European suppliers (2023)"

4
europe/it.json
View file

@ -1244,7 +1244,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> women may serve in any military branch; as of 2019, women made up about 6% of the military's full-time personnel"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "120 Djibouti; approximately 750 Bulgaria (NATO); approximately 1,000 Middle East/Iraq/Kuwait (NATO, European Assistance Mission Iraq); 850 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 250 Latvia (NATO); 1,300 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 400 Libya; 350 Niger; 250 Romania (NATO); 150 Somalia (EUTM) (2023)",
"text": "120 Djibouti; approximately 750 Bulgaria (NATO); approximately 1,000 Middle East (NATO, European Assistance Mission Iraq); 850 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 250 Latvia (NATO); 1,000 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 400 Libya; 350 Niger; 250 Romania (NATO); 150 Somalia (EUTM) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, some NATO countries, including Italy, have sent additional troops and equipment to the battlegroups deployed in NATO territory in eastern Europe"
},
"Military - note": {
@ -1268,7 +1268,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "3,000 (2022)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 753,596 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2023)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 757,022 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2023)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>important gateway for drug trafficking; organized crime groups allied with Colombian and Spanish groups trafficking cocaine to Europe</p>"

8
europe/kv.json
View file

@ -992,8 +992,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Kosovo Security Force (KSF; Forca e Sigurisë së Kosovës or FSK): Land Force Command; Logistics Command; Doctrine and Training Command; National Guard Command (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>as of 2022, the Kosovo Government continued the process of transitioning the KSF into a multi-ethnic territorial defense force, in accordance with a 10-year plan which began in 2019"
"text": "Kosovo Security Force (KSF; Forca e Sigurisë së Kosovës or FSK): Land Force, National Guard (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Kosovo Police are under the Ministry of Internal Affairs"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
@ -1013,10 +1013,10 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 3,300 KSF personnel, including reserves (2022)"
"text": "approximately 3,300 KSF personnel, including about 800 reserves (2023)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the KSF is equipped with small arms and light vehicles and has relied on donated equipment from a variety of countries, particularly Turkey and the US (2022)"
"text": "the KSF is equipped with small arms and light vehicles and has relied on limited amounts of donated equipment from several countries, particularly Turkey and the US (2023)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "service is voluntary; must be over the age of 18 and a citizen of Kosovo; upper age for enlisting is 30 for officers, 25 for other ranks, although these may be waived for recruits with key skills considered essential for the KSF<br> (2023)"

13
europe/lg.json
View file

@ -1182,7 +1182,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "National Armed Forces (Nacionalie Brunotie Speki): Land Forces (Latvijas Sauszemes Speki), Naval Force (Latvijas Juras Speki, includes Coast Guard (Latvijas Kara Flote)), Air Force (Latvijas Gaisa Speki), National Guard (2023)"
"text": "National Armed Forces (Nacionalie Brunotie Speki): Land Forces (Latvijas Sauszemes Speki), Naval Force (Latvijas Juras Speki, includes Coast Guard (Latvijas Kara Flote)), Air Force (Latvijas Gaisa Speki), National Guard (aka Land Guard or Zemessardze)  (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the armed forces, the Defense Intelligence and Security Service, the Constitution Protection Bureau, and the National Guard are subordinate to the Ministry of Defense; the State Police, State Border Guards, and State Security Service are under the Ministry of Interior; the State Border Guard may become part of the armed forces during an emergency"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2023": {
@ -1202,20 +1203,20 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 7,500 active duty troops (6,500 Land Forces; 500 Naval Force/Coast Guard; 500 Air Force; note - some Land Forces are considered joint forces); 8,200 National Guard (2022)"
"text": "approximately 6,700 regular military forces; approximately 9,500 National Guard (2023)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Latvian military's inventory is limited and consists of a mixture of Soviet-era and more modern--mostly secondhand--European and US equipment (2022)"
"text": "the Latvian military's inventory consists of a mixture of Soviet-era and limited amounts of more modern, Western-produced systems acquired since the country joined NATO in 2004; in recent years, the UK and US have been the leading suppliers of military equipment (2023)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary male and female military service; no conscription (abolished 2007) (2023)",
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; no conscription (abolished 2007) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> in 2023, the Latvian Parliament approved a plan to reinstate mandatory military service for men aged 18-27 (women voluntarily) beginning in 2024; service would be for 12 months in the Land Forces or alternatively in internal affairs, health, or welfare structures<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> as of 2019, women comprised about 16% of the military's full-time personnel"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "130 Kosovo (KFOR/NATO) (2022)"
"text": "130 Kosovo (KFOR/NATO) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Latvia became a member of NATO in 2004 <br><br>since 2017, Latvia has hosted a Canadian-led multi-national NATO ground force battlegroup as part of the Alliance’s Enhanced Forward Presence initiative; in addition, Latvia hosts a NATO-led divisional headquarters (Multinational Division North; activated 2020), which coordinates training and preparation activities of its respective subordinate NATO battlegroups in Estonia and Latvia<br><br>NATO also has provided air protection for Latvia since 2004 through its Air Policing mission; NATO member countries that possess air combat capabilities voluntarily contribute to the mission on 4-month rotations (2022)"
"text": "Latvia became a member of NATO in 2004 <br><br>since 2017, Latvia has hosted a Canadian-led multi-national NATO ground force battlegroup as part of the Alliance’s Enhanced Forward Presence initiative; in addition, Latvia hosts a NATO-led divisional headquarters (Multinational Division North; activated 2020), which coordinates training and preparation activities of its respective subordinate NATO battlegroups in Estonia and Latvia<br><br>NATO also has provided air protection for Latvia since 2004 through its Air Policing mission; NATO member countries that possess air combat capabilities voluntarily contribute to the mission on 4-month rotations (2023)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

8
europe/lh.json
View file

@ -1208,8 +1208,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Lithuanian Armed Forces (Lietuvos Ginkluotosios Pajegos): Land Forces (Sausumos Pajegos), Naval Forces (Karines Juru Pajegos), Air Forces (Karines Oro Pajegos), Special Operations Forces (Specialiuju Operaciju Pajegos); National Defense Volunteer Forces (Krašto Apsaugos Savanorių Pajegos or KASP); National Riflemen's Union (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the National Rifleman's Union is a paramilitary force that acts as an additional reserve force"
"text": "Lithuanian Armed Forces (Lietuvos Ginkluotosios Pajegos): Land Forces (Sausumos Pajegos), Naval Forces (Karines Juru Pajegos), Air Forces (Karines Oro Pajegos), Special Operations Forces (Specialiuju Operaciju Pajegos); National Defense Volunteer Forces (Krašto Apsaugos Savanorių Pajegos or KASP); National Riflemen's Union (Lietuvos šaulių sąjunga) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>the National Rifleman's Union is a civilian paramilitary organization supported by the Lithuanian Government that cooperates with the military but is not part of it; however, in a state of war, its armed formations would fall under the armed forces<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the Lithuanian Police and State Border Guard Service are under the Ministry of Interior; in wartime, the State Border Guard Service becomes part of the armed forces"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
@ -1229,10 +1229,10 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 17,000 active duty personnel (13,500 Army, including about 5,000 National Defense Voluntary Forces; 500 Navy; 1,000 Air Force; 2,000 other, including special operations forces, logistics support, training, etc); estimated 11,000 Riflemen Union (2022)"
"text": "approximately 16,000 personnel (12,500 Army, including about 5,000 National Defense Voluntary Forces and 2,500 conscripts); 500 Navy; 1,000 Air Force; 2,000 other, including special operations forces, logistics support, training, etc) (2023)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory is a mix of Soviet-era and more modern European and US equipment (2022)"
"text": "the military's inventory is a mix of Soviet-era and more modern European and US equipment; Germany and the US have been the leading suppliers in recent years (2023)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "19-26 years of age for conscripted military service for men; 9-month service obligation; in 2015, Lithuania reinstated conscription after having converted to a professional military in 2008; 18-38 for voluntary service for men and women (2023)",

2
europe/lo.json
View file

@ -1219,7 +1219,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "118,945 (Ukraine) (as of 18 June 2023)"
"text": "119,505 (Ukraine) (as of 25 June 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "2,940 (2022)"

2
europe/ls.json
View file

@ -816,7 +816,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "no regular military forces; the National Police is responsible for all matters relating to the safety and security of Liechtenstein"
"text": "no regular military forces; the National Police maintain internal security and report to the Department of Civil Defense"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

5
europe/lu.json
View file

@ -1145,7 +1145,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Luxembourg Army (l'Arm&eacute;e Luxembourgeoise) (2023)"
"text": "Luxembourg Army (l'Armée Luxembourgeoise) (2023)",
"note": "note: the Grand Ducal Police maintain internal security and report to the Ministry of Internal Security"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
@ -1172,7 +1173,7 @@
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-26 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; no conscription (abolished 1969) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>since 2003, the Army has allowed EU citizens 18-24 years of age who have been a resident in the country for at least 36 months to volunteer<strong><br><br>note 2:</strong> as of 2019, women made up about 8% of the military's full-time personnel"
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>since 2003, the Army has allowed EU citizens 18-24 years of age who have been a resident in the country for at least 36 months to volunteer<strong><br><br>note 2:</strong> 2023, women made up about 12% of the military's full-time personnel"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Luxembourg is a member of NATO and was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) in 1949<br><br>in 2015, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg signed an agreement to conduct joint air policing of their territories; under the agreement, which went into effect in January of 2017, the Belgian and Dutch Air Forces trade responsibility for patrolling the skies over the three countries (2023)"

8
europe/md.json
View file

@ -1164,8 +1164,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "National Army: Land Forces (Fortele Terestre ale Republicii Moldova, FTRM); Air Forces (Forţele Aeriene ale Republicii Moldova, FARM); Ministry of Internal Affairs: Carabinieri Troops (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Carabinieri is a quasi-militarized gendarmerie responsible for protecting public buildings, maintaining public order, and other national security functions"
"text": "Armed Forces of the Republic of Moldova ( Forțele Armate ale Republicii Moldova): National Army (comprised of a General Staff, a Land Forces Command, and an Air Force Command); Ministry of Internal Affairs: General Carabinieri Inspectorate (aka Carabinieri Troops or Trupele de Carabinieri) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the Carabinieri is a quasi-militarized gendarmerie responsible for protecting public buildings, maintaining public order, and other national security functions<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the national police force reports to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and is the primary law enforcement body, responsible for internal security, public order, traffic, border security, and criminal investigations; the Moldovan Border Police (Poliției de Frontieră) are under the Ministry of Internal Affairs; prior to 2012, Border Police were under the armed forces and known as the Border Troops"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
@ -1185,7 +1185,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 6,500 active troops (2022)"
"text": "approximately 6,500 active troops; approximately 2,000 Carabinieri (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory is limited and almost entirely comprised of older Russian and Soviet-era equipment; in recent years, it has received small amounts of donated material from other nations, including the US (2023)"
@ -1204,7 +1204,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "108,889 (Ukraine) (as of 21 May 2023)"
"text": "7,980 (Ukraine) (as of 25 June 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "1,701 (2022)"

7
europe/mj.json
View file

@ -1196,7 +1196,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Army of Montenegro (Vojska Crne Gore or VCG): Ground Forces, Air Force, Navy (2023)"
"text": "Army of Montenegro (Vojska Crne Gore or VCG): Ground Forces (Kopnene snage), Air Force (Vazduhoplovstvo), Navy (Mornarica) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the National Police Force, which includes Border Police, is responsible for maintaining internal security; it is organized under the Police Administration within the Ministry of Interior and reports to the police director and, through the director, to the minister of interior and prime minister"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
@ -1237,12 +1238,12 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "9,075 (Ukraine) (as of 19 June 2023)"
"text": "14,180 (Ukraine) (as of 26 June 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "468 (2022)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 31,036 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2023)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 31,218 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2023)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>drug trafficking groups are major players in the procurement and transportation of of large quantities of cocaine destined for European markets</p>"

8
europe/mk.json
View file

@ -1134,8 +1134,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Army of the Republic of North Macedonia (ARSM): includes a General Staff and subordinate Operations Command, Logistic Support Command, Training and Doctrine Command, Center for Electronic Reconnaissance, Aviation Brigade, and Honor Guard Battalion (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Operations Command includes air, ground, special operations, support, and reserve forces"
"text": "Army of the Republic of North Macedonia (ARSM): the ARSM is a joint force with air, ground, reserve, special operations, and support forces (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the Police of Macedonia maintain internal security, including migration and border enforcement, and report to the Ministry of the Interior"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
@ -1155,7 +1155,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 6,000 active duty personnel (2022)"
"text": "approximately 6,000 active-duty personnel (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory consists mostly of Soviet-era equipment, although in recent years it has received small amounts of more modern equipment from countries such as Turkey and the US (2022)"
@ -1185,7 +1185,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "521 (2022)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 554,747 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2023)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 554,793 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2023)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "major transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and hashish; minor transit point for South American cocaine destined for Europe; although not a financial center and most criminal activity is thought to be domestic, money laundering is a problem due to a mostly cash-based economy and weak enforcement"

2
europe/mn.json
View file

@ -808,7 +808,7 @@
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "no regular military forces; Ministry of Interior: Compagnie des Carabiniers du Prince (Prince’s Company of Carabiniers), Corps des Sapeurs-pompiers de Monaco (Fire and Emergency), Police Department (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the primary responsibility for the Compagnie des Carabiniers du Prince is guarding the palace"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the primary responsibility for the Compagnie des Carabiniers du Prince is guarding the palace; the Police maintain public order"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "the Compagnie des Carabiniers du Prince is staffed by French nationals (2023)"

10
europe/mt.json
View file

@ -1146,8 +1146,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "the Armed Forces of Malta (AFM) is a joint force with land, maritime, and air elements, plus a Volunteer Reserve Force (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the AFM and the Malta Police Force are both under the Ministry of Home Affairs, National Security, and Law Enforcement"
"text": "the Armed Forces of Malta (AFM) is a joint force with land, maritime, and air elements, plus a Volunteer Reserve Force (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Malta Police Force maintains internal security; both the Police and the AFM report to the Ministry of Home Affairs, National Security, and Law Enforcement"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
@ -1167,16 +1167,16 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 2,000 active duty personnel (2021)"
"text": "approximately 2,000 active-duty personnel (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military has a small inventory that consists of equipment from a mix of European countries, particularly Italy, and the US (2022)"
"text": "the military has a small inventory that consists of equipment from a mix of European countries, particularly Italy and the US (2023)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-30 years of age for men and women for voluntary military service; no conscription (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>Malta maintains a security policy of neutrality, but contributes to EU and UN military missions and joined NATO’s Partnership for Peace program in 1995 (suspended in 1996, but reactivated in 2008); it also participates in various bilateral and multinational military exercises; Malta cooperates closely with Italy on defense matters; in 1973, Italy established a military mission in Malta to provide advice, training, and search and rescue assistance</p> <p> </p>"
"text": "Malta maintains a security policy of neutrality, but contributes to EU and UN military missions and joined NATO&rsquo;s Partnership for Peace program in 1995 (suspended in 1996, but reactivated in 2008); it also participates in various bilateral and multinational military exercises; Malta cooperates closely with Italy on defense matters; in 1973, Italy established a military mission in Malta to provide advice, training, and search and rescue assistance (2023)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

14
europe/nl.json
View file

@ -1211,8 +1211,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Netherlands (Dutch) Armed Forces (Nederlandse Krijgsmacht): Royal Netherlands Army, Royal Netherlands Navy (includes Naval Air Service and Marine Corps), Royal Netherlands Air Force, Royal Netherlands Marechaussee (Military Constabulary) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Netherlands Coast Guard and the Dutch Caribbean Coast Guard are civilian in nature but managed by the Royal Netherlands Navy"
"text": "Netherlands (Dutch) Armed Forces (Nederlandse Krijgsmacht): Royal Netherlands Army, Royal Netherlands Navy (includes Marine Corps), Royal Netherlands Air Force, Royal Netherlands Marechaussee (Military Constabulary) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the Netherlands Coast Guard and the Dutch Caribbean Coast Guard are civilian in nature but managed by the Royal Netherlands Navy<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the national police maintain internal security in the Netherlands and report to the Ministry of Justice and Security, which oversees law enforcement organizations, as do the justice ministries in Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
@ -1232,22 +1232,22 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 40,000 active duty personnel (20,000 Army; 7,500 Navy; 6,500 Air Force; 6,000 Constabulary) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Navy includes about 2,300 marines"
"text": "approximately 48,000 active-duty personnel (20,000 Army; 9,000 Navy; 7,000 Air Force; 7,000 Constabulary; 5,000 other) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the total figures include about 6,500 reservists on active duty; the Navy has about 2,300 marines"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory consists of a mix of domestically produced and modern European- and US-sourced equipment; in recent years, the US has been the leading supplier of weapons systems; the Netherlands has an advanced domestic defense industry that focuses on armored vehicles, naval ships, and air defense systems; it also participates with the US and other European countries on joint development and production of advanced weapons systems (2023)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "17 years of age for voluntary service for men and women; the military is an all-volunteer force; conscription remains in place, but the requirement to show up for compulsory military service was suspended in 1997; must be a citizen of the Netherlands (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in 2019, women made up about 11% of the military's full-time personnel"
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in 2023, women made up about 14% of the military's full-time personnel"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "270 Lithuania (NATO); 125 Slovakia (NATO) (2022)",
"text": "350 Lithuania (NATO); 200 Romania (NATO) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in response to Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, some NATO countries, including the Netherlands, have sent additional troops and equipment to the battlegroups deployed in NATO territory in eastern Europe"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Netherlands is a member of NATO and was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) in 1949<br><br>since 1973, the Dutch Marine Corps has worked closely with the British Royal Marines, including jointly in the UK-Netherlands amphibious landing force; all three Dutch Army combat brigades have been integrated into the German Army <br><br>in 2020, Belgium, Denmark, and the Netherlands formed a joint Composite Special Operations Component Command (C-SOCC); in 2015, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg signed an agreement to conduct joint air policing of their territories; under the agreement, which went into effect in January of 2017, the Belgian and Dutch Air Forces trade responsibility for patrolling the skies over the three countries (2023)"
"text": "the Netherlands is a member of NATO and was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) in 1949<br><br>since 1973, the Dutch Marine Corps has worked closely with the British Royal Marines, including jointly in the UK-Netherlands amphibious landing force; the Dutch Army cooperates closely with the German Army, including integrated units <br><br>in 2020, Belgium, Denmark, and the Netherlands formed a joint Composite Special Operations Component Command (C-SOCC); in 2015, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg signed an agreement to conduct joint air policing of their territories; under the agreement, which went into effect in January of 2017, the Belgian and Dutch Air Forces trade responsibility for patrolling the skies over the three countries (2023)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

7
europe/no.json
View file

@ -1175,7 +1175,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Norwegian Armed Forces: Norwegian Army (Haeren), Royal Norwegian Navy (Kongelige Norske Sjoeforsvaret; includes Coastal Rangers and Coast Guard (Kystvakt)), Royal Norwegian Air Force (Kongelige Norske Luftforsvaret), Norwegian Special Forces, Norwegian Cyber Defense Force, Home Guard (Heimevernet, HV) (2023)"
"text": "Norwegian Armed Forces (Forsvaret or \"the Defense\"): Norwegian Army (Haeren), Royal Norwegian Navy (Kongelige Norske Sjoeforsvaret; includes Coastal Rangers and Coast Guard (Kystvakt)), Royal Norwegian Air Force (Kongelige Norske Luftforsvaret), Norwegian Special Forces, Norwegian Cyber Defense Force, Home Guard (Heimevernet, HV) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the national police have primary responsibility for internal security; the National Police Directorate, an entity under the Ministry of Justice and Public Security, oversees the police force"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
@ -1203,10 +1204,10 @@
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "19-35 years of age for selective compulsory military service for men and women; 17 years of age for male volunteers; 18 years of age for women volunteers; 12-19 month service obligation; conscripts first serve 12 months between the ages of 19 and 28, and then up to 4-5 refresher training periods until age 35, 44, 55, or 60 depending on rank and function (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>Norway conscripts about 8,000 individuals annually; it has had compulsory military service since 1907<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> Norway was the first NATO country to allow women to serve in all combat arms branches of the military (1985); it also has an all-female special operations unit known as Jegertroppen (The Hunter Troop), which was established in 2014; as of 2021, women comprised about 20% of the military's full-time personnel<br><br><strong>note 3:</strong> beginning in 1995, the military began offering Icelandic citizens the opportunity to apply for admission to officer schools in Norway with an associated education and service contract under special reasons and based on recommendations from Icelandic authorities; as early as 1996, Norway and Iceland entered into a cooperation agreement on the voluntary participation of Icelandic personnel in Norwegian force contributions in foreign operations"
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>Norway conscripts about 8,000 individuals annually; it has had compulsory military service since 1907<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> Norway was the first NATO country to allow women to serve in all combat arms branches of the military (1985); it also has an all-female special operations unit known as Jegertroppen (The Hunter Troop), which was established in 2014; as of 2023, women comprised about 20% of the military's full-time personnel<br><br><strong>note 3:</strong> beginning in 1995, the military began offering Icelandic citizens the opportunity to apply for admission to officer schools in Norway with an associated education and service contract under special reasons and based on recommendations from Icelandic authorities; as early as 1996, Norway and Iceland entered into a cooperation agreement on the voluntary participation of Icelandic personnel in Norwegian force contributions in foreign operations"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "up to 190 Lithuania (NATO) (2023)",
"text": "up to 200 Lithuania (NATO) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in response to Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, some NATO countries, including Norway, have sent additional troops and equipment to the battlegroups deployed in NATO territory in eastern Europe"
},
"Military - note": {

21
europe/pl.json
View file

@ -1216,9 +1216,12 @@
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Polish Armed Forces: Land Forces (Wojska Ladowe), Navy (Marynarka Wojenna), Air Force (Sily Powietrzne), Special Forces (Wojska Specjalne), Territorial Defense Force (Wojska Obrony Terytorialnej); Ministry of Interior and Administration: Border Guard (includes coast guard duties) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Polish Armed Forces are organized into a General Staff, an Armed Forces General Command, an Armed Forces Operational Command, Territorial Defense Forces (established 2017), Military Police, and the Warsaw Garrison Command"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the police force is a national law enforcement body with regional and municipal units overseen by the Ministry of Interior and Administration; the Border Guard is responsible for border security and combating irregular migration and also reports to the Ministry of Interior and Administration"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2023": {
"text": "3% of GDP (2023 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
"text": "2.4% of GDP (2022)"
},
@ -1230,18 +1233,14 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "2% of GDP (2019)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2018": {
"text": "2% of GDP (2018)"
},
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in 2022, the Polish Government announced plans to increase defense spending to 3% of GDP for 2023"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 120,000 active-duty personnel (65,000 Army; 7,000 Navy; 15,000 Air Force; 3,000 Special Forces; 25,000 joint service/other; 5,000 active Territorial Defense Forces); approximately 25,000 other Territorial Defense Forces (reserves) (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in June 2019, the Polish Government approved a plan to increase the size of the military over a period of 10 years to over 200,000 troops, including doubling the size of the Territorial Defense Forces; in 2021, it announced additional plans to increase the size of the military to over 300,000 personnel"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory consists of a mix of Soviet-era and more modern, mostly Western, weapons systems; in recent years, the leading suppliers of armaments have included several European countries, South Korea, and the US; Poland has a large domestic defense sector that produces or provides upgrades to a wide variety of weapons systems, particularly ground systems such as tanks and other armored vehicles; it also cooperates with the European and US defense sectors (2023)",
"text": "the military's inventory consists of a mix of Soviet-era and more modern, NATO-compatible, weapons systems; in recent years, the leading suppliers of armaments have included several European countries, South Korea, and the US; Poland has a large domestic defense sector that produces or provides upgrades to a wide variety of weapons systems, particularly ground systems such as tanks and other armored vehicles; it also cooperates with the European and US defense sectors (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in late 2018, Poland announced a 7-year (through 2026) approximately $50 billion defense modernization plan that would include such items as 5th generation combat aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, rocket artillery, helicopters, submarines, frigates, and improved cyber security; in 2022, it signed large military weapons contracts with South Korea and the US"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
@ -1249,11 +1248,11 @@
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> as of 2019, women made up about 7% of the military's full-time personnel<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>in May 2022, Poland announced a new 12-month voluntary military service program with recruits going through a 1-month basic training period with a military unit, followed by 11 months of specialized training; upon completion of service, the volunteers would be allowed to join the Territorial Defense Forces or the active reserve, and have priority to join the professional army and be given preference for employment in the public sector; the program is part of an effort to increase the size of the Polish military"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "250 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); up to 180 Latvia (NATO); 190 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 230 Romania (NATO) (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>Poland contributes about 2,500 troops to the Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine joint military brigade (LITPOLUKRBRIG), which was established in 2014; the brigade is headquartered in Poland and is comprised of an international staff, three battalions, and specialized units; units affiliated with the multinational brigade remain within the structures of the armed forces of their respective countries until the brigade is activated for participation in an international operation<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>in response to Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, some NATO countries, including Poland, have sent additional troops and equipment to the battlegroups deployed in NATO territory in eastern Europe"
"text": "250 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); up to 180 Latvia (NATO); 200 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 230 Romania (NATO) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>Poland has obligated about 2,500 troops to the Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine joint military brigade (LITPOLUKRBRIG), which was established in 2014; the brigade is headquartered in Poland and is comprised of an international staff, three battalions, and specialized units; units affiliated with the multinational brigade remain within the structures of the armed forces of their respective countries until the brigade is activated for participation in an international operation<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>in response to Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, some NATO countries, including Poland, have committed additional troops and equipment to the battlegroups deployed in NATO territory in the Baltic States and eastern Europe"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Poland joined NATO in 1999; Czechia, Hungary, and Poland were invited to begin accession talks at NATO's Madrid Summit in 1997, and in March 1999 they became the first former members of the Warsaw Pact to join the Alliance<br> <p>since 2017, Poland has hosted a US-led multi-national NATO ground force battlegroup as part of the Alliance’s Enhanced Forward Presence initiative; since 2014, Poland has also hosted NATO fighter detachments at Malbork Air Base under NATO's enhanced air policing arrangements<br><br>Poland hosts a NATO-led divisional headquarters (Multinational Division Northeast; operational in 2018), which coordinates training and preparation activities of its respective subordinate battlegroups in Poland and Lithuania; Poland also hosts a corps-level headquarters (Multinational Corps Northeast) (2022)</p> (2023)"
"text": "Poland joined NATO in 1999; Czechia, Hungary, and Poland were invited to begin accession talks at NATO's Madrid Summit in 1997, and in March 1999 they became the first former members of the Warsaw Pact to join the Alliance<br><br>since 2017, Poland has hosted a US-led multi-national NATO ground force battlegroup as part of the Alliance’s Enhanced Forward Presence initiative; since 2014, Poland has also hosted NATO fighter detachments at Malbork Air Base under NATO's enhanced air policing arrangements<br><br>Poland hosts a NATO-led divisional headquarters (Multinational Division Northeast; operational in 2018), which coordinates training and preparation activities of its respective subordinate battlegroups in Poland and Lithuania; Poland also hosts a corps-level headquarters (Multinational Corps Northeast) (2023)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {
@ -1268,7 +1267,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "1,618,785 (Ukraine) (as of 13 June 2023)"
"text": "1,618,785 (Ukraine) (as of 26 June 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "1,435 (2022)"

4
europe/ri.json
View file

@ -1224,7 +1224,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2021, women made up about 16% of the military's full-time personnel"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "175 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (May 2022)"
"text": "175 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Serbian Armed Forces were established in June 2006; the Serbian military traces its origins to the First (1804-1813) and Second (1815-1817) Uprisings against the Ottoman Empire<br><br>Serbia does not aspire to join NATO, but has cooperated with the Alliance since 2006 when it joined the Partnership for Peace program; Serbia also maintains security ties with Russia and China (2023)"
@ -1244,7 +1244,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "2,594 (includes stateless persons in Kosovo) (2022)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 965,337 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2023)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 969,588 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2023)"
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"tier rating": {

6
europe/si.json
View file

@ -1214,7 +1214,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2019, women comprised about 15% of the military's full-time personnel"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "200 Kosovo (NATO); 100 Slovakia (NATO) (2022)",
"text": "200 Kosovo (NATO); 100 Slovakia (NATO) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in response to Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, some NATO countries, including Slovenia, have sent additional troops and equipment to the battlegroups deployed in NATO territory in eastern Europe"
},
"Military - note": {
@ -1227,12 +1227,12 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "9,370 (Ukraine) (as of 5 June 2023)"
"text": "9,550 (Ukraine) (as of 26 June 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "10 (2020)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:  </strong>579,024 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-April 2023)"
"note": "<strong>note:  </strong>582,044 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2023)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "minor transit point for cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin bound for Western Europe, and for precursor chemicals"

4
europe/sp.json
View file

@ -1270,12 +1270,12 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "14,994 (Syria) (mid-year 2022); 418,200 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay) (2021); 183,470 (Ukraine) (as of 18 June 2023)"
"text": "14,994 (Syria) (mid-year 2022); 418,200 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay) (2021); 183,980 (Ukraine) (as of 25 June 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "6,489 (2022)"
},
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>290,047 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals, including Canary Islands (January 2015-June 2023)"
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>290,931 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals, including Canary Islands (January 2015-June 2023)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>a primary European transit point for cocaine from South America and for hashish from Morocco; cocaine is shipped in raw or liquid form with mixed cargo to avoid detection or altered to escape detection Spanish chemists reconstitute it and distribute to Europe; minor domestic drug production; synthetic drugs, including ketamine, new psychoactive substances (NPS), and MDMA transit from Spain to the United States</p>"

4
europe/sz.json
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@ -1242,7 +1242,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>conscientious objectors can choose 390 days of community service instead of military service"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "up to 165 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR) (2022)"
"text": "up to 165 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>Switzerland has long maintained a policy of military neutrality but does periodically participate in EU, NATO, Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), and UN military and peacekeeping operations; however, Swiss units will only participate in operations under the mandate of the UN or OSCE; Switzerland joined NATO’s Partnership for Peace program in 1996; it contributed to the NATO-led Kosovo force (KFOR) in 1999 and as of 2023, continued doing so with up to 165 personnel; Switzerland also provided a small number of staff officers to the NATO mission in Afghanistan from 2004-2007</p> (2023)"
@ -1260,7 +1260,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "14,726 (Eritrea), 11,441 (Afghanistan), 8,039 (Syria), (mid-year 2022); 84,775 (Ukraine) (as of 16 June 2023)"
"text": "14,726 (Eritrea), 11,441 (Afghanistan), 8,039 (Syria), (mid-year 2022); 84,775 (Ukraine) (as of 23 June 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "891 (2022)"

4
europe/uk.json
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@ -1249,8 +1249,8 @@
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> women made up about 11% of the military's full-time personnel in 2021<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the British military allows Commonwealth nationals who are current UK residents and have been in the country for at least 5 years to apply; it also accepts Irish citizens<br><br><strong>note 3:</strong> the British Army has continued the historic practice of recruiting Gurkhas from Nepal to serve in the Brigade of Gurkhas; the British began to recruit Nepalese citizens (Gurkhas) into the East India Company Army during the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816); the Gurkhas subsequently were brought into the British Indian Army and by 1914, there were 10 Gurkha regiments, collectively known as the Gurkha Brigade; following the partition of India in 1947, an agreement between Nepal, India, and Great Britain allowed for the transfer of the 10 regiments from the British Indian Army to the separate British and Indian armies; four of the regiments were transferred to the British Army, where they have since served continuously as the Brigade of Gurkhas"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "approximately 1,000 Brunei; approximately 400 Canada (BATUS); approximately 2,500 Cyprus (250 for UNFICYP); approximately 1,000 Estonia (NATO); approximately 1,200 Falkland Islands; approximately 200 Germany; 570 Gibraltar; approximately 1,400 Middle East (including Bahrain, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia, UAE); up to 350 Kenya (BATUK); approximately 350 Mali (MINUSMA); 150 Poland (NATO) (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in response to Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, some NATO countries, including the UK, have sent additional troops and equipment to the battlegroups deployed in NATO territory in eastern Europe"
"text": "approximately 1,000 Brunei; approximately 400 Canada (BATUS); approximately 2,500 Cyprus (250 for UNFICYP); approximately 1,000 Estonia (NATO); approximately 1,200 Falkland Islands; approximately 200 Germany; 570 Gibraltar; more than 1,000 Middle East (counter-ISIS campaign); up to 350 Kenya (BATUK); approximately 300 Mali (MINUSMA); 150 Poland (NATO) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in response to Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, some NATO countries, including the UK, have sent additional troops and equipment to the battlegroups deployed in NATO territory in eastern Europe; as of 2023, UK had about 8,000 troops deployed in various countries in Europe supporting NATO and European security through exercises and task forces, including in Estonia, Finland, Germany, Lithuania, and North Macedonia"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the UK is a member of NATO and was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) in 1949; the UK is also a member of the Five Power Defense Arrangements (FPDA), a series of mutual assistance agreements reached in 1971 embracing Australia, Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore, and the UK; the FPDA commits the members to consult with one another in the event or threat of an armed attack on any of the members and to mutually decide what measures should be taken, jointly or separately; there is no specific obligation to intervene militarily <br><br>in 2010, France and the UK signed a declaration on defense and security cooperation that included greater military interoperability and a Combined Joint Expeditionary Force (CJEF), a deployable, combined Anglo-French military force for use in a wide range of crisis scenarios, up to and including high intensity combat operations; the CJEF has no standing forces but would be available at short notice for UK-French bilateral, NATO, EU, UN, or other operations; combined training exercises began in 2011; as of 2020, the CJEF was assessed as having full operating capacity with the ability to rapidly deploy over 10,000 personnel capable of high intensity operations, peacekeeping, disaster relief, and humanitarian assistance<br><br>in 2014, the UK led the formation of the Joint Expeditionary Force (JEF), a pool of high-readiness military forces from Baltic and Scandinavian countries able to respond to a wide range of contingencies both in peacetime and in times of crisis or conflict; its principal geographic area of interest is the High North, North Atlantic, and Baltic Sea regions, where the JEF can complement national capabilities or NATO’s deterrence posture, although it is designed to be flexible and prepared to respond to humanitarian crises further afield; the JEF consists of 10 countries (Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and the UK) and was declared operational in 2018; most of the forces in the pool are British, and the UK provides the most rapidly deployable units as well as the command and control elements<br><br>the British Armed Forces were formed in 1707 as the armed forces of the Kingdom of Great Britain when England and Scotland merged under the terms of the Treaty of Union; while the origins of the armed forces of England and Scotland stretch back to the Middle Ages, the first standing armies for England and Scotland were organized in the 1600s while the navies were formed in the 1500s; the Royal Marines were established in 1755; the Royal Air Force was created in April 1918 by the merger of the British Army's Royal Flying Corps and the Admiralty's Royal Naval Air Service (2023)"

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europe/up.json
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