the modern FARDC was created out of the armed factions of the two Congo wars of 1996-1997 and 1998-2003; as part of the peace accords that ended the last war, the largest rebel groups were incorporated into the FARDC; many armed groups, however, continue to fight (note - there are over 100 illegal armed groups in the country by some estimates); as of 2022, the FARDC was actively engaged in combat operations against numerous armed groups inside the country, particularly in the eastern provinces of Ituri, North Kivu, and South Kivu, although violence also continues in Maniema, Kasai, Kasai Central, and Tanganyika provinces; the military is widely assessed as being unable to provide adequate security throughout the country due to insufficient training, poor morale and leadership, ill-discipline and corruption, low equipment readiness, a fractious ethnic makeup, and the sheer size of the country and diversity of armed rebel groups
the modern FARDC was created out of the armed factions of the two Congo wars of 1996-1997 and 1998-2003; as part of the peace accords that ended the last war, the largest rebel groups were incorporated into the FARDC; many armed groups, however, continue to fight (note - there are over 100 illegal armed groups in the country by some estimates); as of 2022, the FARDC was actively engaged in combat operations against numerous armed groups inside the country, particularly in the eastern provinces of Ituri, North Kivu, and South Kivu, although violence also continues in Maniema, Kasai, Kasai Central, and Tanganyika provinces; the military is widely assessed as being unable to provide adequate security throughout the country due to insufficient training, poor morale and leadership, ill-discipline and corruption, low equipment readiness, a fractious ethnic makeup, and the sheer size of the country and diversity of armed rebel groups
(2022)" + "text": "the 2013 coup resulted in the institutional collapse of the FACA; its forces were overwhelmed and forced to flee to neighboring countries; reportedly only 10% of the FACA returned after the coup, and it has struggled to rebuild in the years of instability since; the European Union, France, Russia, the UN, and the US have provided various levels of security assistance
(2022)" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/africa/cv.json b/africa/cv.json index 322cdc90..543deefa 100644 --- a/africa/cv.json +++ b/africa/cv.json @@ -308,6 +308,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "11.8% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "11.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "17.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "5.4% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/africa/dj.json b/africa/dj.json index f75ee2fb..f007f705 100644 --- a/africa/dj.json +++ b/africa/dj.json @@ -1113,7 +1113,7 @@ "text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service (men and women); 16-25 years of age for voluntary military training; no conscription (2021)" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "960 Somalia (AMISOM) (2022)" + "text": "960 Somalia (ATMIS) (2022)" }, "Military - note": { "text": "
as of 2022, China, France, Italy, Japan, and the US maintained bases in Djibouti for regional military missions, including counter-terrorism, counter-piracy, crisis response, and security assistance (note – France has multiple bases and hosts troop contingents from Germany and Spain); the EU and NATO have also maintained a presence to support multinational naval counter-piracy operations and maritime training efforts; in 2017, Djibouti and Saudi Arabia announced plans for the Saudis to build a military base there, although no start date was announced
" diff --git a/africa/eg.json b/africa/eg.json index 36c5261a..e269216e 100644 --- a/africa/eg.json +++ b/africa/eg.json @@ -351,6 +351,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "32% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "24.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "48.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "0.4% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "7% (2014)" }, diff --git a/africa/ek.json b/africa/ek.json index 74fa8c69..46e1364c 100644 --- a/africa/ek.json +++ b/africa/ek.json @@ -570,7 +570,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador Miguel Ntutumu EVUNA ANDEME (since 23 February 2015)" + "text": "Ambassador Miguel Ntutumu EVUNA Andeme (since 23 February 2015)" }, "chancery": { "text": "2020 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009" diff --git a/africa/er.json b/africa/er.json index 2e9ebb1b..c69c91cc 100644 --- a/africa/er.json +++ b/africa/er.json @@ -323,6 +323,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "5% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "7.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "14.7% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "0.2% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/africa/et.json b/africa/et.json index 043dfea0..256ec8cc 100644 --- a/africa/et.json +++ b/africa/et.json @@ -354,6 +354,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "4.5% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "5.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "8.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "1.3% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "21.1% (2019)" }, @@ -1233,11 +1244,11 @@ "note": "note - in November 2021, the Ethiopian Government issued a nationwide state of emergency that enabled officials to order military-age citizens to undergo training and accept military duty in support of the Tigray conflict" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "prior to the 2020-21 Tigray conflict, 5-10,000 Somalia (4,500 for AMISOM; the remainder under a bilateral agreement with Somalia); 3,200 Sudan (UNISFA); 1,500 South Sudan (UNMISS) (2022)", + "text": "5-10,000 Somalia (4,500 for ATMIS; the remainder under a bilateral agreement with Somalia; note - bilateral figures are prior to the conflict with Tigray); 250 Sudan (UNISFA); 1,500 South Sudan (UNMISS) (2022)", "note": "note - in August 2021, Sudan asked the UN to remove the Ethiopian troops from the UNISFA mission" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "each of the nine states has a regional and/or a \"special\" paramilitary security forces that report to regional civilian authorities; local militias operate across the country in loose and varying coordination with these regional security and police forces, the Ethiopian Federal Police (EFP), and the Ethiopian military; the EFP reports to the Ministry of Peace, which was created in October of 2018" + "text": "Ambassador Kerfalla YANSANE (since 24 January 2018)
" }, "chancery": { "text": "2112 Leroy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008" diff --git a/africa/iv.json b/africa/iv.json index 17c7999c..d8eab199 100644 --- a/africa/iv.json +++ b/africa/iv.json @@ -349,6 +349,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "10.3% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "9.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "17.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "0.9% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "12.8% (2016)" }, @@ -648,7 +659,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador Mamadou HAIDARA (since 28 March 2018)" + "text": "Ambassador Ibrahima TOURE (since 13 January 2022))" }, "chancery": { "text": "2424 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" diff --git a/africa/ke.json b/africa/ke.json index ec44c684..32be7727 100644 --- a/africa/ke.json +++ b/africa/ke.json @@ -351,6 +351,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "7.1% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "11.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "19.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "2.7% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "11.2% (2014)" }, @@ -1221,7 +1232,7 @@ "text": "no conscription; 18-26 years of age for male and female voluntary service (under 18 with parental consent; upper limit 30 years of age for specialists, tradesmen, or women with a diploma; 39 years of age for chaplains/imams), with a 9-year obligation (7 years for Kenyan Navy) and subsequent 3-year re-enlistments; applicants must be Kenyan citizens (2022)" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "260 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO); 3,650 Somalia (AMISOM) (2022)" + "text": "260 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO); 3,650 Somalia (ATMIS) (2022)" }, "Military - note": { "text": "Kenyan military forces intervened in Somalia in October 2011 to combat the al Qaida-affiliated al-Shabaab terrorist group, which had conducted numerous cross-border attacks into Kenya; in November 2011, the UN and the African Union invited Kenya to incorporate the force into the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM); Kenyan forces were formally integrated into AMISOM in February 2012; as of 2022, they consisted of approximately 3,600 troops and were responsible for AMISOM’s Sector 2 comprising Lower and Middle Jubba (see Appendix-T for additional details on al-Shabaab) (2022)" @@ -1242,7 +1253,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "279,145 (Somalia), 141,414 (South Sudan), 21,001 (Ethiopia), 19,036 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 7,521 (Burundi) (2022)" + "text": "279,197 (Somalia), 142,113 (South Sudan), 21,001 (Ethiopia), 19,036 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 7,521 (Burundi) (2022)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "190,000 (election-related violence, intercommunal violence, resource conflicts, al-Shabaab attacks in 2017 and 2018) (2020)" diff --git a/africa/li.json b/africa/li.json index 9fec38fe..d797e7ce 100644 --- a/africa/li.json +++ b/africa/li.json @@ -338,6 +338,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "9.9% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "8.2% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "14.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "2% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "10.9% (2019/20)" }, diff --git a/africa/lt.json b/africa/lt.json index b946a0ad..930edf3c 100644 --- a/africa/lt.json +++ b/africa/lt.json @@ -321,6 +321,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "16.6% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "24.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "43.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "5.4% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "10.5% (2018)" }, @@ -600,7 +611,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador Sankatana Gabriel MAJA, Counselor (28 May 2021)" + "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charge d’Affaires Masopha Phoofolo Moses KAO, Counselor (28 May 2021)
" }, "chancery": { "text": "2511 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" diff --git a/africa/ly.json b/africa/ly.json index d478ea3b..9c3960ce 100644 --- a/africa/ly.json +++ b/africa/ly.json @@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Charge d'Affaires Khaled DAIEF (since October 2021)" + "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Khaled DAIEF (since 27 August 2021)" }, "chancery": { "text": "
1460 Dahlia Street NW, Washington, DC 20012
" diff --git a/africa/ma.json b/africa/ma.json index 55e8df61..05724574 100644 --- a/africa/ma.json +++ b/africa/ma.json @@ -336,6 +336,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "5.3% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "27.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "42.7% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "12.8% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "26.4% (2018)" }, @@ -594,7 +605,7 @@ }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { - "text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:as of 2022, the Navy was focused on security in the Gulf of Guinea; since 2016, it has developed a maritime strategy, boosted naval training and its naval presence in the Gulf, increased participation in regional maritime security efforts, and acquired a significant number of new naval platforms, including offshore and coastal patrol craft, fast attack boats, and air assets
the Nigerian military traces its origins to the Nigeria Regiment of the West African Frontier Force (WAFF), a multi-regiment force formed by the British colonial office in 1900 to garrison the West African colonies of Nigeria (Lagos and the protectorates of Northern and Southern Nigeria), Gold Coast, Sierra Leone, and Gambia; the WAFF served with distinction in both East and West Africa during World War I; in 1928, it received royal recognition and was re-named the Royal West African Frontier Force (RWAFF); the RWAFF went on to serve in World War II as part of the British 81st and 82nd (West African) divisions in the East Africa and Burma campaigns; in 1956, the Nigeria Regiment of the RWAFF was renamed the Nigerian Military Forces (NMF) and in 1958, the colonial government of Nigeria took over control of the NMF from the British War Office; the Nigerian Armed Forces were established following independence in 1960
" + "text": "as of 2022, the Nigerian military was sub-Saharan Africa’s largest and regarded as one of its most capable forces; it was focused largely on internal security and faced a number of challenges that have stretched its resources, however; the Army was deployed in all 36 of the country's states; in the northeast, it was conducting counterinsurgency/counter-terrorist operations against the Boko Haram (BH) and Islamic State in West Africa (ISWA) terrorist groups, where it has deployed as many as 70,000 troops at times and jihadist-related violence has killed an estimated 35-40,000 people, mostly civilians, since 2009 (as of 2022); in the northwest, it faced growing threats from criminal gangs, bandits, and violence associated with historical and ongoing farmer-herder conflicts, as well as BH and ISWA terrorists; bandits in the northwest were estimated to number in the low 10,000s and violence there has killed more than 10,000 since the mid-2010s; the military also continued to protect the oil industry in the Niger Delta region against militants and criminal activity, although the levels of violence there have decreased in recent years; beginning in May 2021, a contingent of military troops and police were deployed to eastern Nigeria to quell renewed agitation for a state of Biafra (Biafra seceded from Nigeria in the late 1960s, sparking a civil war that caused more than 1 million deaths)the Nigerian military traces its origins to the Nigeria Regiment of the West African Frontier Force (WAFF), a multi-regiment force formed by the British colonial office in 1900 to garrison the West African colonies of Nigeria (Lagos and the protectorates of Northern and Southern Nigeria), Gold Coast, Sierra Leone, and Gambia; the WAFF served with distinction in both East and West Africa during World War I; in 1928, it received royal recognition and was re-named the Royal West African Frontier Force (RWAFF); the RWAFF went on to serve in World War II as part of the British 81st and 82nd (West African) divisions in the East Africa and Burma campaigns; in 1956, the Nigeria Regiment of the RWAFF was renamed the Nigerian Military Forces (NMF) and in 1958, the colonial government of Nigeria took over control of the NMF from the British War Office; the Nigerian Armed Forces were established following independence in 1960
" }, "Maritime threats": { "text": "the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial and offshore waters in the Niger Delta and Gulf of Guinea remain a very high risk for piracy and armed robbery of ships; in 2021, there were 34 reported incidents of piracy and armed robbery at sea in the Gulf of Guinea region; although a significant decrease from the total number of 81 incidents in 2020, it included the one hijacking and three of five ships fired upon worldwide; while boarding and attempted boarding to steal valuables from ships and crews are the most common types of incidents, almost a third of all incidents involve a hijacking and/or kidnapping; in 2021, 57 crew members were kidnapped in seven separate incidents in the Gulf of Guinea, representing 100% of kidnappings worldwide; Nigerian pirates in particular are well armed and very aggressive, operating as far as 200 nm offshore; the Maritime Administration of the US Department of Transportation has issued a Maritime Advisory (2022-001 - Gulf of Guinea-Piracy/Armed Robbery/Kidnapping for Ransom) effective 4 January 2022, which states in part, \"Piracy, armed robbery, and kidnapping for ransom continue to serve as significant threats to US-flagged vessels transiting or operating in the Gulf of Guinea\"
" diff --git a/africa/pu.json b/africa/pu.json index b59e1958..5d7acd6e 100644 --- a/africa/pu.json +++ b/africa/pu.json @@ -328,6 +328,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "9.5% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "17% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "0.9% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "18.8% (2019)" }, diff --git a/africa/rw.json b/africa/rw.json index 87214f1a..623c7b3a 100644 --- a/africa/rw.json +++ b/africa/rw.json @@ -337,6 +337,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "5.8% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "13.7% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "20.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "7.2% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "7.7% (2019/20)" }, @@ -1156,7 +1167,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "77,288 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) 48,070 (Burundi) (2022)" + "text": "77,288 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) 48,123 (Burundi) (2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "9,500 (mid-year 2021)" diff --git a/africa/se.json b/africa/se.json index 4eb96223..df8589cc 100644 --- a/africa/se.json +++ b/africa/se.json @@ -307,6 +307,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "14% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "20.2% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "34% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "6.4% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "3.6% (2012)" }, diff --git a/africa/sf.json b/africa/sf.json index d5c3e740..2c5e254e 100644 --- a/africa/sf.json +++ b/africa/sf.json @@ -342,6 +342,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "28.3% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "20.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "34% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "6.5% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "5.5% (2017)" }, @@ -1225,7 +1236,7 @@ "note": "note - in 2021, South Africa sent a contingent of about 1,500 troops to Mozambique as part of a Southern African Development Community (SADC) force to help quell an insurgency; in" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the SANDF was created in 1994 to replace the South African Defense Force (SADF); the SANDF was opened to all South Africans who met military requirements, while the SADF was a mostly white force (only whites were subject to conscription) with non-whites only allowed to join in a voluntary capacity; the SANDF also absorbed members of the guerrilla and militia forces of the various anti-apartheid opposition groups, including the African National Congress, the Pan Africanist Congress, and the Inkatha Freedom Party, as well as the security forces of the formerly independent Bantustan homelands
as of 2022, the SANDF was one of Africa’s most capable militaries; it participated regularly in African and UN peacekeeping missions and had the ability to independently deploy throughout Africa; over the past decade, however, its operational readiness and modernization programs have been hampered by funding shortfalls
" + "text": "the SANDF was created in 1994 to replace the South African Defense Force (SADF); the SANDF was opened to all South Africans who met military requirements, while the SADF was a mostly white force (only whites were subject to conscription) with non-whites only allowed to join in a voluntary capacity; the SANDF also absorbed members of the guerrilla and militia forces of the various anti-apartheid opposition groups, including the African National Congress, the Pan Africanist Congress, and the Inkatha Freedom Party, as well as the security forces of the formerly independent Bantustan homelands; the SANDF is one of Africa’s most capable militaries; it participated regularly in African and UN peacekeeping missions and had the ability to independently deploy throughout Africa; over the past decade, however, its operational readiness and modernization programs have been hampered by funding shortfalls (2022)" } }, "Terrorism": { diff --git a/africa/sg.json b/africa/sg.json index e8152698..e0d3a0cc 100644 --- a/africa/sg.json +++ b/africa/sg.json @@ -347,6 +347,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "8.8% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "6.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "13.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "0.7% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "14.4% (2019)" }, @@ -1206,7 +1217,7 @@ "text": "750 Gambia (ECOMIG); 970 Mali (MINUSMA); note - Senegal also has about 1,100 police deployed on various UN peacekeeping missions (2022)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "as of 2022, Senegalese security forces continued to be engaged in a low-level counterinsurgency campaign in the southern Casamance region against various factions of the separatist Movement of Democratic Forces of the Casamance; while violent incidents have decreased since a tacit cease-fire was reached in 2012, the insurgency, which began in 1982, continues and remains one of longest running low-level conflicts in the world, claiming more than 5,000 lives and leaving another 60,000 displaced
" + "text": "Senegalese security forces continued to be engaged in a low-level counterinsurgency campaign in the southern Casamance region against various factions of the separatist Movement of Democratic Forces of the Casamance; while violent incidents have decreased since a tacit cease-fire was reached in 2012, the insurgency, which began in 1982, continues and remains one of longest running low-level conflicts in the world, claiming more than 5,000 lives and leaving another 60,000 displaced (2022)" } }, "Terrorism": { diff --git a/africa/sl.json b/africa/sl.json index 74aacfe2..2d875d51 100644 --- a/africa/sl.json +++ b/africa/sl.json @@ -341,6 +341,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "8.7% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "13.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "20.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "6.4% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "13.5% (2019)" }, diff --git a/africa/so.json b/africa/so.json index 62233d12..5307ad7c 100644 --- a/africa/so.json +++ b/africa/so.json @@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" (since 8 February 2017)" + "text": "President HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud (since 23 May 2022)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Mohamed Hussein ROBLE (since 27 September 2020)" @@ -544,10 +544,10 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the prime minister, approved by the House of the People" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by the Federal Parliament by two-thirds majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term; election last held on 8 February 2017; prime minister appointed by the president, approved by the House of the People; note - elections were scheduled for 10 October 2021 but did not take place; clan elders are scheduled to pick members of a lower house of parliament in November 2021; the parliament will then select a new president at an undetermined future date" + "text": "president indirectly elected by the Federal Parliament by two-thirds majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term; election last held on 15 May 2022; prime minister appointed by the president, approved by the House of the People; note - elections were originally scheduled for 10 October 2021 but did not take place; on 13 April 2022, the election of the House of the People representatives was completed and the presidential election date was set for 15 May" }, "election results": { - "text": "Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" elected president in second round; Federal Parliament second round vote - Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" (TPP) 184, HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud (PDP) 97, Sheikh SHARIF Sheikh Ahmed (ARS) 46" + "text": "the UPDF, which is constitutionally granted seats in parliament, is widely viewed as a key constituency for MUSEVENI; it has been used by MUSEVENI and the NRM to break up rallies, raid opposition offices, and surveil rival candidates
as of 2022, the UPDF was conducting operations along the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo (including cross-border operations) against a Congo-based (and formerly based in western Uganda) Ugandan rebel group, the Allied Democratic Front (ADF), which was designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the US State Department in March 2021 as the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (ISIS-DRC; see Appendix T); in addition, elements of the UPDF were deployed in the northeast region of Karamoja against cattle rustlers and criminal gangs
beginning in 2012, the UPDF led regional efforts to pursue the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), a small, violent group of Ugandan origin that conducted widespread attacks against civilians in much of Central Africa; the UPDF withdrew from the mission in 2017 after declaring that the LRA no longer posed a security threat
Uganda intervened in the South Sudan civil war in 2013-2016 and UPDF forces have clashed with South Sudanese forces along the border as recently as 2020
the military traces its history back to the formation of the Uganda Rifles in 1895; the Uganda Rifles were merged with the Central Africa Regiment and the East Africa Rifles to form the King’s African Rifles (“KAR”) in 1902, which participated in both world wars; the UPDF was established in 1995
Australia has been part of the Australia, New Zealand, and US Security (ANZUS) Treaty since 1951
Australia has a long-standing military relationship with the US; Australian and US forces first fought together in France in 1918 at the Battle of Hamel, and have fought together in every major US conflict since; Australia and the US signed an agreement in 2014 that allowed for closer bi-lateral defense and security cooperation, including annual rotations of US Marines and enhanced rotations of US Air Force aircraft to Australia; Australian military forces train often with US forces; Australia has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation
Australia also has long-standing defense and security ties to the UK, including a Defense and Security Cooperation Treaty signed in 2013; in 2020, Australia and the UK signed a memorandum of understanding to cooperate on the building of a next generation of frigates for their respective navies; the Australia-UK Ministerial Consultations (AUKMIN) is their premier bilateral forum on foreign policy, defense, and security issues
in 2021, Australia, the UK, and the US announced an enhanced trilateral security partnership called “AUKUS” which would build on existing bilateral ties, including deeper integration of defense and security-related science, technology, industrial bases, and supply chains, as well as deeper cooperation on a range of defense and security capabilities; the first initiative under AUKUS was a commitment to support Australia in acquiring conventionally armed nuclear-powered submarines for the Royal Australian Navy
since the 1990s, Australia has deployed more than 30,000 personnel on nearly 100 UN peacekeeping and coalition military operations, including in Cambodia, Rwanda, the Solomon Islands, Somalia, and East Timor
(2022)" } diff --git a/australia-oceania/bp.json b/australia-oceania/bp.json index 72c4e8cd..5eb6d166 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/bp.json +++ b/australia-oceania/bp.json @@ -320,6 +320,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "22.5% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "36.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "53.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "19.2% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "16.2% (2015)" }, diff --git a/australia-oceania/cw.json b/australia-oceania/cw.json index 7e2283d6..597a80f3 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/cw.json +++ b/australia-oceania/cw.json @@ -308,6 +308,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "55.9% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "24% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "27.7% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "20.3% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/australia-oceania/fj.json b/australia-oceania/fj.json index 34e53be8..b731713d 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/fj.json +++ b/australia-oceania/fj.json @@ -320,6 +320,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "30.2% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "23.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "35.6% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "10.5% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/australia-oceania/kr.json b/australia-oceania/kr.json index 550509be..ffec67c1 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/kr.json +++ b/australia-oceania/kr.json @@ -320,6 +320,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "46% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "40.6% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "53.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "27.3% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "6.9% (2018/19)" }, diff --git a/australia-oceania/nh.json b/australia-oceania/nh.json index 35758ff2..c8239cd0 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nh.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nh.json @@ -317,6 +317,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "25.2% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "17.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "33% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "2.6% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "11.7% (2013)" }, diff --git a/australia-oceania/nr.json b/australia-oceania/nr.json index e7aef6cc..e50adfac 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nr.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nr.json @@ -307,6 +307,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "61% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "48.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "47.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "49.1% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/australia-oceania/nz.json b/australia-oceania/nz.json index 3ec38815..657e3fc0 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nz.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nz.json @@ -326,6 +326,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "30.8% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "13.7% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "15% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "12.3% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/australia-oceania/ps.json b/australia-oceania/ps.json index 5a414685..08a04ca4 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/ps.json +++ b/australia-oceania/ps.json @@ -313,6 +313,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "55.3% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "17.6% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "27.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "7.9% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/australia-oceania/rm.json b/australia-oceania/rm.json index 5bec2570..e9f6d33b 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/rm.json +++ b/australia-oceania/rm.json @@ -322,6 +322,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "52.9% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "28.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "48.7% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "8.3% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "11.9% (2017)" }, diff --git a/australia-oceania/tn.json b/australia-oceania/tn.json index 1f44e8b4..592450f9 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/tn.json +++ b/australia-oceania/tn.json @@ -317,6 +317,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "48.2% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "31% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "46.7% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "15.3% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "0.8% (2019)" }, diff --git a/australia-oceania/tv.json b/australia-oceania/tv.json index fad520c5..2e915252 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/tv.json +++ b/australia-oceania/tv.json @@ -301,6 +301,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "51.6% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "35.6% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "49.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "21.3% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/australia-oceania/ws.json b/australia-oceania/ws.json index 22a459d1..a2b0bb4f 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/ws.json +++ b/australia-oceania/ws.json @@ -317,6 +317,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "47.3% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "25.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "36.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "14.5% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "3.4% (2019/20)" }, diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json index 971d7f4d..080977f2 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json @@ -301,6 +301,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "23.1% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "8.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "15% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "1.9% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "3.5% (2012)" }, diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/bf.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/bf.json index 72390b3f..b60ef6ad 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/bf.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/bf.json @@ -276,6 +276,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "31.6% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "10.6% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "18.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "2.4% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json index e0a32d71..739878b4 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json @@ -316,6 +316,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "24.1% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "8.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "15.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "1.8% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "4.6% (2015/16)" }, diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json index e00e058c..b2368979 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json @@ -330,6 +330,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "25.7% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "8.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "12.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "4.6% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "2.9% (2018)" }, diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json index 909b6013..4f7854b1 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json @@ -329,6 +329,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "24.6% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "17.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "25.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "10.3% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "2.4% (2019)" }, diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json index 9ba2c861..d5d77d01 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json @@ -340,6 +340,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "27.6% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "10.6% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "14.6% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "6.5% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "4% (2013)" }, diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json index dfde89b0..0c892844 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json @@ -333,6 +333,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "24.6% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "7.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "14.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "1.7% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "5% (2014)" }, @@ -586,7 +597,7 @@ } }, "Political parties and leaders": { - "text": "Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Rodolfo Antonio PARKER Soto]per 2019 data released by Haitian telecommunications regulator CONATEL (Conseil National des Télécommunications), there are 398 legal sound broadcasting stations on the territory, including about 60 community radio stations, and 7 radio stations on the AM band; the FM band in Haiti is oversaturated by 158%; most radio stations broadcast 17 to 19 hours a day; there are 105 television stations operating in Haiti, including 36 TV stations in Port- au- Prince, 41 others in the provinces, and more than 40 radio-television stations; a large number of broadcasting stations operate irregularly and some stations operate with technical parameters that do not comply with established standards, thus causing harmful interference to existing telecommunications systems; VOA Creole Service broadcasts daily on 30 affiliate stations
(2019)" + "text": "per 2019 data released by Haitian telecommunications regulator CONATEL (Conseil National des Télécommunications), there are 398 legal sound broadcasting stations on the territory, including about 60 community radio stations, and 7 radio stations on the AM band; the FM band in Haiti is oversaturated by 158 percent; most radio stations broadcast 17 to 19 hours a day; there are 105 television stations operating in Haiti, including 36 TV stations in Port- au- Prince, 41 others in the provinces, and more than 40 radio-television stations; a large number of broadcasting stations operate irregularly and some stations operate with technical parameters that do not comply with established standards, thus causing harmful interference to existing telecommunications systems; VOA Creole Service broadcasts daily on 30 affiliate stations
(2019)" }, "Internet country code": { "text": ".ht" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json index 4e0dc7fd..4f204e0f 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json @@ -586,7 +586,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "percent of vote by party - LIBRE 39.8%, PNH 31.3%, PL 16.4%, PSH 10.9%, DC 0.8%, PAC 0.8%; seats by bloc or party - LIBRE 51, PNH 40, PL 21, PSH 14, DC 1, PAC 1; composition - men 93, women 35, percent of women 27.3%" - } + }, + "note": "since the country's founding, the armed forces have been heavily involved in domestic politics, running the country for five decades following a military coup in 1962; prior to the 2021 coup, the military already controlled three key security ministries (Defense, Border, and Home Affairs), one of two vice presidential appointments, 25% of the parliamentary seats, and had a proxy political party, the Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP)
as of 2022, the military owned and operated two business conglomerates that had over 100 subsidiaries and close ties to other companies; the business activities of these conglomerates included banking and insurance, hotels, tourism, jade and ruby mining, timber, construction, real estate, and the production of palm oil, sugar, soap, cement, beverages, drinking water, coal, and gas; some of the companies supplied goods and services to the military, such as food, clothing, insurance, and cellphone service; the military also managed a film industry, publishing houses, and television stations
as of 2022, the military's primary operational focus was internal security, particularly attempts to quell civilian armed resistance to the coup and counterinsurgency operations against ethnic-based insurgent groups; these operations have resulted in numerous civilian casualties, human rights abuses, and internal displacement
ethnic-based armed groups have been fighting against the Burmese Government since the country’s 1948 independence; as of 2022, there were approximately 20 such groups operating in Burma with strengths of a few hundred up to more than 20,000 estimated fighters; they reportedly controlled an estimated one-third of the country’s territory, primarily in the border regions; key groups included the United Wa State Army, Karen National Union, Kachin Independence Army, Arakan Army, Ta’ang National Liberation Army, and the Myanmar Nationalities Democratic Alliance Army
as of 2022, 10 ethnic ethnic armed groups had signed a 2015 Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement with the government; following the 2021 coup, several armed ethnic groups have added their support to anti-junta resistance groups or joined forces with local units of the armed wing of Burma's pro-democracy movement, known collectively as the People's Defense Force (PDF); the PDF consisted of hundreds of loosely-organized groups of fighters
as of 2022, Burma also had a large number (estimates run into the thousands) of armed militias which took many different forms and varied in allegiances and size; most were pro-military government and associated with the Tatmadaw; some were integrated within the Tatmadaw’s command structure as Border Guard Forces (BGF); the BGF were organized as 325-man battalions, which included a mix of militia forces, ethnic armed groups, and government soldiers; they were armed, supplied, and paid by the Tatmadaw; other pro-military government militias were not integrated within the Tatmadaw command structure, but received direction from the military and were recognized as government militias; the amount of support they received from the Tatmadaw varied depending on local security conditions; the third type of pro-military government militias were small community-based units that were armed, coordinated, and trained by local Tatmadaw forces and activated as needed; as of 2022, the military government was reportedly raising new militia units to help combat the popular uprising
since the country's founding, the armed forces have been heavily involved in domestic politics, running the country for five decades following a military coup in 1962; prior to the 2021 coup, the military already controlled three key security ministries (Defense, Border, and Home Affairs), one of two vice presidential appointments, 25% of the parliamentary seats, and had a proxy political party, the Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP)
as of 2022, the military owned and operated two business conglomerates that had over 100 subsidiaries and close ties to other companies; the business activities of these conglomerates included banking and insurance, hotels, tourism, jade and ruby mining, timber, construction, real estate, and the production of palm oil, sugar, soap, cement, beverages, drinking water, coal, and gas; some of the companies supplied goods and services to the military, such as food, clothing, insurance, and cellphone service; the military also managed a film industry, publishing houses, and television stations
as of 2022, the military's primary operational focus was internal security, particularly attempts to quell a growing armed insurgency against the coup and operations against ethnic-based separatist groups; these operations have resulted in numerous civilian casualties, human rights abuses, and internal displacement
ethnic-based armed groups have been fighting for self-rule against the Burmese Government since the country’s 1948 independence; as of 2022, there were approximately 20 such groups operating in Burma with strengths of a few hundred up to more than 20,000 estimated fighters; they reportedly controlled an estimated one-third of the country’s territory, primarily in the border regions; key groups included the United Wa State Army, Karen National Union, Kachin Independence Army, Arakan Army, Ta’ang National Liberation Army, and the Myanmar Nationalities Democratic Alliance Army
as of 2022, Burma also had a large number of armed militias which took many different forms and varied in allegiances and size; most were pro-military junta and associated with the Tatmadaw; some were integrated within the Tatmadaw’s command structure as Border Guard Forces (BGF); the BGF were organized as 325-man battalions, which included a mix of militia forces, ethnic armed groups, and government soldiers; they were armed, supplied, and paid by the Tatmadaw; other pro-military government militias were not integrated within the Tatmadaw command structure, but received direction from the military and were recognized as government militias; the amount of support they received from the Tatmadaw varied depending on local security conditions; the third type of pro-government militias were small community-based units that were armed, coordinated, and trained by local Tatmadaw forces and activated as needed; as of 2022, the military junta government was reportedly raising new militia units to help combat the popular uprising
more than 400 local anti-military junta armed groups have reportedly formed since the military coup; in mid-2022, the National Unity Government claimed its armed wing, the People's Defense Force (PDF) had more than 60,000 fighters organized into battalions; in addition, several armed ethnic groups have added their support to anti-junta resistance groups or joined forces with local units of the PDF
the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF) was re-established in 1993 under the first coalition government from the merger of the Cambodian Government’s military forces (Cambodian People’s Armed Forces) and the two non-communist resistance forces (Sihanoukist National Army, aka National Army for Khmer Independence, and the Khmer People's National Liberation Armed Forces); thousands of communist Khmer Rouge fighters began surrendering by 1994 under a government amnesty program and the last of the Khmer Rouge forces (National Army of Democratic Kampuchea) were demobilized or absorbed into the RCAF in 1999
" + "text": "the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF) was re-established in 1993 under the first coalition government from the merger of the Cambodian Government’s military forces (Cambodian People’s Armed Forces) and the two non-communist resistance forces (Sihanoukist National Army, aka National Army for Khmer Independence, and the Khmer People's National Liberation Armed Forces); thousands of communist Khmer Rouge fighters began surrendering by 1994 under a government amnesty program and the last of the Khmer Rouge forces (National Army of Democratic Kampuchea) were demobilized or absorbed into the RCAF in 1999 (2022)" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json index 2caed101..ffa2b10e 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json @@ -354,6 +354,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "6.2% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "25.6% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "49.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "1.7% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "2.4% (2013)" }, @@ -638,7 +649,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador QIN Gangas (since 29 July 2021)" + "text": "Ambassador QIN Gang (since 29 July 2021)" }, "chancery": { "text": "3505 International Place NW, Washington, DC 20008" diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/hk.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/hk.json index 8b8cd3d7..1dae1d2a 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/hk.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/hk.json @@ -906,7 +906,7 @@ "note": "note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments" }, "Broadcast media": { - "text": "4 commercial terrestrial TV networks each with multiple stations; multi-channel satellite and cable TV systems available; 3 licensed broadcasters of terrestrial radio, one of which is government funded, operate about 12 radio stations; note - 4 digital radio broadcasters operated in Hong Kong from 2010 to 2017, but all digital radio services were terminated in September 2017 due to weak market demand (2019)" + "text": "34 commercial terrestrial TV networks each with multiple stations; multi-channel satellite and cable TV systems available; 3 licensed broadcasters of terrestrial radio, one of which is government funded, operate about 12 radio stations; note - 4 digital radio broadcasters operated in Hong Kong from 2010 to 2017, but all digital radio services were terminated in September 2017 due to weak market demand (2019)" }, "Internet country code": { "text": ".hk" diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json index cebfebf5..e94d66c8 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json @@ -340,6 +340,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "6.9% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "37.6% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "71.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "3.7% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "17.7% (2018)" }, @@ -633,7 +644,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador Rosan ROESLANI (since 25 October 2021)" + "text": "Ambassador Rosan Perkasa ROESLANI (since 25 October 2021)" }, "chancery": { "text": "2020 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036" diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json index caa9c62f..8fa259c4 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json @@ -332,6 +332,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "4.3% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "20.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "30.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "10% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json index 05e88883..d1b97aa9 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json @@ -311,6 +311,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "6.8% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "17.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "34.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "0% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "9.3% (2017)" }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json index d1e9f94d..b8ebd6c7 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json @@ -329,6 +329,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "4.7% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "20.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "35.7% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "5.9% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/la.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/la.json index 9da008b4..a6eda42d 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/la.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/la.json @@ -328,6 +328,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "5.3% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "31.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "53.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "10.3% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "21.1% (2017)" }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json index d4fe047a..4f52b841 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json @@ -323,6 +323,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "20.6% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "29.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "51.7% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "7.1% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "1.8% (2018)" }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json index df4bad2d..06bb6c73 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json @@ -332,6 +332,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "15.6% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "22.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "43.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "1.1% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "14.1% (2019)" }, @@ -603,7 +614,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Fairuz Adli Mohd ROZALI (since August 2021)" + "text": "ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Fairuz Adli Mohd ROZALI (since 28 August 2021)" }, "chancery": { "text": "3516 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008" diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json index f9c1d49d..2eb4fa6e 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json @@ -329,6 +329,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "21.3% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "39.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "53.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "25.1% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "27.8% (2009/11)" }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json index 49fe1866..21d481d2 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json @@ -339,6 +339,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "6.4% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "22.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "39.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "6.5% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "19.1% (2018)" }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json index ac28d71f..086b1094 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json @@ -316,6 +316,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "6.1% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "16.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "28% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "5% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json index 24fb03e6..46e3d03d 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json @@ -341,6 +341,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "10% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "22.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "41.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "2.9% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "7.7% (2019)" }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json index 0721d24f..325b843b 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json @@ -323,6 +323,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "3.8% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "39.2% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "67.6% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "10.8% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "37.5% (2013)" }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json index d525f7bd..010b63e0 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json @@ -340,6 +340,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "2.1% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "24.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "47.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "2.2% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "13.4% (2017)" }, @@ -608,7 +619,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador NGUYEN Quoc Dzung (since February 2022)" + "text": "Ambassador NGUYEN Quoc Dzung (since 19 April 2022)" }, "chancery": { "text": "1233 20th Street NW, Suite 400, Washington, DC 20036" diff --git a/europe/al.json b/europe/al.json index dfe3237f..ae154945 100644 --- a/europe/al.json +++ b/europe/al.json @@ -327,6 +327,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "21.7% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "22.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "38.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "6% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "1.5% (2017/18)" }, diff --git a/europe/an.json b/europe/an.json index 5c071bc0..2348ec50 100644 --- a/europe/an.json +++ b/europe/an.json @@ -303,6 +303,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "25.6% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "31.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "35.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "28.3% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/europe/au.json b/europe/au.json index e3bbbd42..83ff535a 100644 --- a/europe/au.json +++ b/europe/au.json @@ -324,6 +324,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "20.1% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "26.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "27.7% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "25% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -1179,7 +1190,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "57,887 (Syria), 41,037 (Afghanistan), 9,661 (Iraq), 8,212 (Somalia), 7,046 (Iran), 7,003 (Russia) (mid-year 2021); 68,747 (Ukraine) (as of 1 June 2022)" + "text": "57,887 (Syria), 41,037 (Afghanistan), 9,661 (Iraq), 8,212 (Somalia), 7,046 (Iran), 7,003 (Russia) (mid-year 2021); 70,153 (Ukraine) (as of 7 June 2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "3,229 (mid-year 2021)" diff --git a/europe/be.json b/europe/be.json index 6075be1b..98700b7c 100644 --- a/europe/be.json +++ b/europe/be.json @@ -324,6 +324,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "22.1% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "23.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "25.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "21% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "1% (2014/15)" }, @@ -1169,7 +1180,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "18,493 (Syria), 5,094 (Iraq) (2020); 45,227 (Ukraine) (as of 30 May 2022)" + "text": "18,493 (Syria), 5,094 (Iraq) (2020); 45,882 (Ukraine) (as of 6 June 2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "1,159 (mid-year 2021)" diff --git a/europe/bk.json b/europe/bk.json index 02d15398..5164ebf6 100644 --- a/europe/bk.json +++ b/europe/bk.json @@ -314,6 +314,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "17.9% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "35% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "42% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "28% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "1.6% (2012)" }, @@ -1167,7 +1178,7 @@ "stateless persons": { "text": "149 (mid-year 2021)" }, - "note": "note: 90,930 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2022)" + "note": "note: 91,361 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2022)" }, "Trafficking in persons": { "current situation": { diff --git a/europe/bo.json b/europe/bo.json index 92ae90dd..4fa3c63f 100644 --- a/europe/bo.json +++ b/europe/bo.json @@ -319,6 +319,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "24.5% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "30.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "47.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "13.5% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -1181,7 +1192,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "16,648 (border crossings from Ukraine as of 1 June 2022)" + "text": "16,654 (border crossings from Ukraine as of 13 June 2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "6,104 (mid-year 2021)" diff --git a/europe/bu.json b/europe/bu.json index 2d7552cb..534596dd 100644 --- a/europe/bu.json +++ b/europe/bu.json @@ -325,6 +325,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "25% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "39% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "40.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "37.1% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "1.9% (2014)" }, @@ -1186,7 +1197,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "19,014 (Syria) (mid-year 2021); 78,714 (Ukraine) (as of 1 June 2022)" + "text": "19,014 (Syria) (mid-year 2021); 78,291 (Ukraine) (as of 7 June 2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "1,143 (mid-year 2021)" diff --git a/europe/cy.json b/europe/cy.json index 8e45c1a2..00c534c1 100644 --- a/europe/cy.json +++ b/europe/cy.json @@ -322,6 +322,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "21.8% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "35.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "47% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "23.2% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -1174,7 +1185,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "9,820 (Syria) (mid-year 2021); 14,862 (Ukraine) (as of 23 May 2022)" + "text": "9,820 (Syria) (mid-year 2021); 12,500 (Ukraine) (as of 6 June 2022)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "228,000 (both Turkish and Greek Cypriots; many displaced since 1974) (2020)" @@ -1182,7 +1193,7 @@ "stateless persons": { "text": "66 (mid-year 2021)" }, - "note": "note: 37,550 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-April 2022)" + "note": "note: 39,022 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2022)" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "
vulnerable to money laundering from illegal drugs
" diff --git a/europe/da.json b/europe/da.json index 1c00ffee..5fa39048 100644 --- a/europe/da.json +++ b/europe/da.json @@ -326,6 +326,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "19.7% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "17.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "17.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "17.1% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/europe/ei.json b/europe/ei.json index 1bc8c3a0..100a8fe0 100644 --- a/europe/ei.json +++ b/europe/ei.json @@ -312,6 +312,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "25.3% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "20.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "22.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "19% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -1160,7 +1171,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "32,421 (Ukraine) (as of 26 May 2022)" + "text": "34,842 (Ukraine) (as of 2 June 2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "107 (mid-year 2021)" diff --git a/europe/en.json b/europe/en.json index f7f2d4de..ea45a21c 100644 --- a/europe/en.json +++ b/europe/en.json @@ -321,6 +321,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "21.2% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "29.7% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "36.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "23% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "0.4% (2013/15)" }, diff --git a/europe/ez.json b/europe/ez.json index 40772b10..2d2573a8 100644 --- a/europe/ez.json +++ b/europe/ez.json @@ -318,6 +318,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "26% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "30.7% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "35% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "26.4% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -1167,7 +1178,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "361,560 (Ukraine) (as of 1 June 2022)" + "text": "366,632 (Ukraine) (as of 7 June 2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "1,498 (mid-year 2021)" diff --git a/europe/fi.json b/europe/fi.json index 60327bd3..5569f945 100644 --- a/europe/fi.json +++ b/europe/fi.json @@ -328,6 +328,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "22.2% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "21.6% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "26.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "16.3% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/europe/fr.json b/europe/fr.json index 8ab6aa36..f5d96e9d 100644 --- a/europe/fr.json +++ b/europe/fr.json @@ -351,6 +351,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "21.6% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "33.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "34.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "31.9% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/europe/gm.json b/europe/gm.json index 53bc1d13..9a255fa0 100644 --- a/europe/gm.json +++ b/europe/gm.json @@ -336,6 +336,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "22.3% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "22% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "24.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "19.9% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "0.5% (2014/17)" }, @@ -1215,7 +1226,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "616,325 (Syria), 152,677 (Afghanistan), 147,400 (Iraq), 62,152 (Eritrea), 45,704 (Iran), 34,465 (Turkey), 29,137 (Somalia), 9,329 (Russia), 9,323 (Nigeria), 8,600 (Pakistan), 7,503 (Serbia and Kosovo), 6,057 (Ethiopia) (mid-year 2021); 780,000 (Ukraine) (as of 22 May 2022)" + "text": "616,325 (Syria), 152,677 (Afghanistan), 147,400 (Iraq), 62,152 (Eritrea), 45,704 (Iran), 34,465 (Turkey), 29,137 (Somalia), 9,329 (Russia), 9,323 (Nigeria), 8,600 (Pakistan), 7,503 (Serbia and Kosovo), 6,057 (Ethiopia) (mid-year 2021); 780,000 (Ukraine) (as of 2 June 2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "26,980 (mid-year 2021)" diff --git a/europe/gr.json b/europe/gr.json index ea46ec80..3915314d 100644 --- a/europe/gr.json +++ b/europe/gr.json @@ -319,6 +319,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "24.9% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "33.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "36.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "30.5% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -1189,12 +1200,12 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "38,496 (Syria), 25,188 (Afghanistan), 12,657 (Iraq), 5,002 (West Bank and Gaza) (mid-year 2021); 13,400 (Ukraine) (as of 22 May 2022)" + "text": "38,496 (Syria), 25,188 (Afghanistan), 12,657 (Iraq), 5,002 (West Bank and Gaza) (mid-year 2021); 14,887 (Ukraine) (as of 5 June 2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "5,552 (mid-year 2021)" }, - "note": "note: 1,216,875 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2022); as of the end of February 2022, Greece hosted an estimated 161,419 refugees and asylum seekers" + "note": "note: 1,216,968 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2022); as of the end of February 2022, Greece hosted an estimated 161,419 refugees and asylum seekers" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "a gateway to Europe for traffickers smuggling cannabis products and heroin from the Middle East and Southwest Asia to the West and precursor chemicals to the East; some South American cocaine transits or is consumed in Greece; money laundering related to drug trafficking and organized crime" diff --git a/europe/hr.json b/europe/hr.json index cebfb5f1..56b8236f 100644 --- a/europe/hr.json +++ b/europe/hr.json @@ -332,6 +332,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "24.4% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "36.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "37.6% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "36.1% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -1202,7 +1213,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "13,375 (Ukraine) (as of 31 May 2022)" + "text": "13,759 (Ukraine) (as of 7 June 2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "2,910 (mid-year 2021)" diff --git a/europe/hu.json b/europe/hu.json index dbf6c3d1..74a3ef04 100644 --- a/europe/hu.json +++ b/europe/hu.json @@ -327,6 +327,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "26.4% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "31.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "35.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "27.8% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -1203,7 +1214,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "698,420 (border crossings from Ukraine as of 1 June 2022)" + "text": "764,216 (border crossings from Ukraine as of 13 June 2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "130 (mid-year 2021)" diff --git a/europe/ic.json b/europe/ic.json index 89629df9..88eff9e8 100644 --- a/europe/ic.json +++ b/europe/ic.json @@ -313,6 +313,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "21.9% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "12% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "11.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "12% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/europe/it.json b/europe/it.json index cbde093e..5eaf0c0a 100644 --- a/europe/it.json +++ b/europe/it.json @@ -327,6 +327,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "19.9% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "23.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "26.6% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "19.5% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -1215,7 +1226,7 @@ "stateless persons": { "text": "3,000 (mid-year 2021)" }, - "note": "note: 609,960 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2022)" + "note": "note: 610,671 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2022)" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "important gateway for drug trafficking; organized crime groups allied with Colombian and Spanish groups trafficking cocaine to Europe" diff --git a/europe/lg.json b/europe/lg.json index 60227ee9..a417a1e5 100644 --- a/europe/lg.json +++ b/europe/lg.json @@ -327,6 +327,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "23.6% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "37% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "50.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "23.7% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/europe/lh.json b/europe/lh.json index 851ec0cc..66e7b236 100644 --- a/europe/lh.json +++ b/europe/lh.json @@ -325,6 +325,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "26.3% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "32% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "42.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "21.8% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/europe/lo.json b/europe/lo.json index ffb94dc6..a38146bf 100644 --- a/europe/lo.json +++ b/europe/lo.json @@ -317,6 +317,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "20.5% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "31.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "37.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "25.6% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -1142,7 +1153,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "466,264 (border crossings from Ukraine as of 31 May 2022)" + "text": "501,335 (border crossings from Ukraine as of 13 June 2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "1,532 (mid-year 2021)" diff --git a/europe/ls.json b/europe/ls.json index 870603ed..73033794 100644 --- a/europe/ls.json +++ b/europe/ls.json @@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador Kurt JAEGER (since 16 September 2016)" + "text": "Ambassador Georg SPARBER (since 1 December 2021)" }, "chancery": { "text": "2900 K Street NW, Suite 602B, Washington, DC 20007" diff --git a/europe/lu.json b/europe/lu.json index ce3256f6..039f1aa8 100644 --- a/europe/lu.json +++ b/europe/lu.json @@ -309,6 +309,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "22.6% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "21.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "22.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "19.8% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/europe/md.json b/europe/md.json index e8ebd0d0..2bb33e1a 100644 --- a/europe/md.json +++ b/europe/md.json @@ -316,6 +316,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "18.9% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "29% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "51.7% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "6.2% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "2.2% (2012)" }, @@ -601,7 +612,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation from the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Laura HRUBY (since 21 July 2021)" + "text": "Ambassador Kent D. LOGSDON (since February 2022); Deputy Chief of Mission Laura HRUBY (since 21 July 2021)" }, "embassy": { "text": "103 Mateevici Street, Chisinau MD-2009" @@ -1154,7 +1165,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "483,306 (border crossings from Ukraine as of 1 June 2022)" + "text": "494,421 (border crossings from Ukraine as of 9 June 2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "3,372 (mid-year 2021)" diff --git a/europe/mj.json b/europe/mj.json index f7db3f86..fbe1bf9f 100644 --- a/europe/mj.json +++ b/europe/mj.json @@ -336,6 +336,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "23.3% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "31.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "31.6% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "31.1% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "3.7% (2018/19)" }, @@ -1193,7 +1204,7 @@ "stateless persons": { "text": "458 (mid-year 2021)" }, - "note": "note: 21,666 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2022)" + "note": "note: 21,794 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2022)" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "
drug trafficking groups are major players in the procurement and transportation of large quantities of cocaine destined for European markets
" diff --git a/europe/mk.json b/europe/mk.json index 23848df2..319a54a9 100644 --- a/europe/mk.json +++ b/europe/mk.json @@ -1135,7 +1135,7 @@ "stateless persons": { "text": "553 (mid-year 2021)" }, - "note": "note: 531,497 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-April 2022)" + "note": "note: 533,438 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2022)" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "major transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and hashish; minor transit point for South American cocaine destined for Europe; although not a financial center and most criminal activity is thought to be domestic, money laundering is a problem due to a mostly cash-based economy and weak enforcement" diff --git a/europe/mt.json b/europe/mt.json index f785469d..d002d924 100644 --- a/europe/mt.json +++ b/europe/mt.json @@ -311,6 +311,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "28.9% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "24% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "26.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "21.6% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/europe/nl.json b/europe/nl.json index 41392332..2dee7817 100644 --- a/europe/nl.json +++ b/europe/nl.json @@ -328,6 +328,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "20.4% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "22.2% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "24.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "19.9% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -1189,7 +1200,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "37,792 (Syria), 14,787 (Eritrea), 8,368 (Somalia), 6,636 (Iraq), 5,346 (Iran) (mid-year 2021); 60,020 (Ukraine) (as of 23 May 2022)" + "text": "37,792 (Syria), 14,787 (Eritrea), 8,368 (Somalia), 6,636 (Iraq), 5,346 (Iran) (mid-year 2021); 62,970 (Ukraine) (as of 6 June 2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "2,087 (mid-year 2021)" diff --git a/europe/no.json b/europe/no.json index a2a4738f..074a9838 100644 --- a/europe/no.json +++ b/europe/no.json @@ -325,6 +325,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "23.1% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "16.2% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "17% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "15.4% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/europe/pl.json b/europe/pl.json index fedf1f07..02f00aef 100644 --- a/europe/pl.json +++ b/europe/pl.json @@ -335,6 +335,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "23.1% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "24% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "27.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "20.1% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "0.7% (2010/12)" }, @@ -616,7 +627,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador Piotr Mark MAGIEROWSKI (since 23 November 2021)" + "text": "Ambassador Marek Grzegorz MAGIEROWSKI (since 13 January 2022)" }, "chancery": { "text": "2640 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009" @@ -1233,7 +1244,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "9,870 (Russia) (2019); 3,690,089 (border crossings from Ukraine as of 1 June 2022)" + "text": "9,870 (Russia) (2019); 3,954,957 (border crossings from Ukraine as of 13 June 2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "1,389 (mid-year 2021)" diff --git a/europe/po.json b/europe/po.json index b9b249a7..601bb9bb 100644 --- a/europe/po.json +++ b/europe/po.json @@ -318,6 +318,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "20.8% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "25.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "30.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "20.2% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "0.4% (2015/16)" }, @@ -1190,7 +1201,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "39,884 (Ukraine) (as of 31 May 2022)" + "text": "41,456 (Ukraine) (as of 7 June 2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "45 (mid-year 2021)" diff --git a/europe/ri.json b/europe/ri.json index 0425f437..83872c5a 100644 --- a/europe/ri.json +++ b/europe/ri.json @@ -332,6 +332,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "21.5% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "39.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "40.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "39.1% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "1% (2019)" }, @@ -1185,7 +1196,7 @@ "text": "200 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (Feb 2022)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "Serbia does not aspire to join NATO, but has cooperated with the Alliance since 2006 when it joined the Partnership for Peace program; Serbia maintains security ties with Russia
" + "text": "Serbia does not aspire to join NATO, but has cooperated with the Alliance since 2006 when it joined the Partnership for Peace program; Serbia maintains security ties with Russia (2022)" } }, "Transnational Issues": { @@ -1194,7 +1205,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "17,336 (Croatia), 7,997 (Bosnia and Herzegovina) (mid-year 2021); 8,507 (Ukraine) (includes Kosovo; as of 1 June 2022)" + "text": "17,336 (Croatia), 7,997 (Bosnia and Herzegovina) (mid-year 2021); 7,704 (Ukraine) (includes Kosovo; as of 7 June 2022)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "196,995 (most are Kosovar Serbs, some are Roma, Ashkalis, and Egyptian (RAE); some RAE IDPs are unregistered) (2021)" @@ -1202,7 +1213,7 @@ "stateless persons": { "text": "2,113 (includes stateless persons in Kosovo) (mid-year 2021)" }, - "note": "note: 835,749 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2022); Serbia is predominantly a transit country and hosts an estimated 4,650 migrants and asylum seekers as of February 2022" + "note": "note: 837,861 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2022); Serbia is predominantly a transit country and hosts an estimated 4,650 migrants and asylum seekers as of February 2022" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "drug trafficking groups are major players in the procurement and transportation of of large quantities of cocaine destined for European markets
" diff --git a/europe/ro.json b/europe/ro.json index be4ddaf7..1b2b507f 100644 --- a/europe/ro.json +++ b/europe/ro.json @@ -330,6 +330,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "22.5% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "28% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "35.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "20% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -1197,12 +1208,12 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "587,219 (border crossings from Ukraine as of 1 June 2022)" + "text": "642,159 (border crossings from Ukraine as of 13 June 2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "314 (mid-year 2021)" }, - "note": "note: 10,012 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2022)" + "note": "note: 10,157 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2022)" }, "Trafficking in persons": { "current situation": { diff --git a/europe/si.json b/europe/si.json index 4ce062c3..9644ae1b 100644 --- a/europe/si.json +++ b/europe/si.json @@ -313,6 +313,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "20.2% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "22% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "24.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "19.6% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/europe/sp.json b/europe/sp.json index ca04cfb3..6473c2fd 100644 --- a/europe/sp.json +++ b/europe/sp.json @@ -334,6 +334,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "23.8% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "27.7% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "28.6% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "26.7% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -1219,12 +1230,12 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "14,823 (Syria) (mid-year 2021); 418,200 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay) (2021); 109,541 (Ukraine) (as of 24 May 2022)" + "text": "14,823 (Syria) (mid-year 2021); 418,200 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay) (2021); 118,199 (Ukraine) (as of 5 June 2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "6,.92 (mid-year 2021)" }, - "note": "note: 260,027 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals, including Canary Islands (January 2015-May 2022)" + "note": "note: 260,873 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals, including Canary Islands (January 2015-June 2022)" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "primary transit point in Europe for cocaine from South America and for hashish from Morocco; cocaine is shipped in raw or liquid form with mixed cargo to avoid detection; traffickers ship methamphetamine via express mail; increasing number of indoor cannabis grow operations; illegal labs cutting, mixing, and reconstituting cocaine, and heroin and methamphetamine labs; synthetic drugs, including ketamine and MDMA (ecstasy) transit from Spain to the United States" diff --git a/europe/sw.json b/europe/sw.json index 64dc30d9..93718e5f 100644 --- a/europe/sw.json +++ b/europe/sw.json @@ -327,6 +327,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "20.6% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "24% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "29.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "18.2% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/europe/sz.json b/europe/sz.json index 2ef93e8f..fdeb9005 100644 --- a/europe/sz.json +++ b/europe/sz.json @@ -324,6 +324,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "19.5% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "25.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "28.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "22.9% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -584,7 +595,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador Jacques PITTELOUD (since 16 September 2019)" + "text": "Ambassador Jacques Henri PITTELOUD (since 16 September 2019)" }, "chancery": { "text": "2201 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20007-4105" @@ -1179,7 +1190,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "38,219 (Eritrea), 20,043 (Syria), 14,649 (Afghanistan), 6,069 (Sri Lanka), 6,197 (Turkey) (mid-year 2021); 50,103 (Ukraine) (as of 25 May 2022)" + "text": "38,219 (Eritrea), 20,043 (Syria), 14,649 (Afghanistan), 6,069 (Sri Lanka), 6,197 (Turkey) (mid-year 2021); 53,120 (Ukraine) (as of 7 June 2022)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "684 (mid-year 2021)" diff --git a/europe/uk.json b/europe/uk.json index 19466b37..61619912 100644 --- a/europe/uk.json +++ b/europe/uk.json @@ -324,6 +324,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "27.8% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "15.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "17.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "13.5% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -1151,7 +1162,7 @@ "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { "text": "United Kingdom Armed Forces (aka British Armed Forces, aka Her Majesty's Armed Forces): British Army, Royal Navy (includes Royal Marines), Royal Air Force (2022)", - "note": "note - in 2021 the UK formed a joint service Space Command staffed by Army, Navy, and Air Force personnel, as well as civilians and key members of the commercial sector to manage space operations, training, and capabilities; in 2019, the UK formed the Strategic Command (formerly Joint Forces Command) to develop and manage the British military's medical services, training and education, defense intelligence, and information systems across the land, sea, air, space, and cyber domains; national-level special forces (UK Special Forces, UKSF) also fall under Strategic Command; in addition, the command manages joint overseas operations" + "note": "note(s) - in 2021 the UK formed a joint service Space Command staffed by Army, Navy, and Air Force personnel, as well as civilians and key members of the commercial sector to manage space operations, training, and capabilities; it established a National Cyber Force comprised of military and intelligence personnel in 2020; in 2019, the UK formed the Strategic Command (formerly Joint Forces Command) to develop and manage the British military's medical services, training and education, defense intelligence, and information systems across the land, sea, air, space, and cyber domains; national-level special forces (UK Special Forces, UKSF) also fall under Strategic Command; in addition, the command manages joint overseas operations" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2021": { diff --git a/europe/up.json b/europe/up.json index 4fe98717..88ea7b08 100644 --- a/europe/up.json +++ b/europe/up.json @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ { "Introduction": { "Background": { - "text": "Ukraine was the center of the first eastern Slavic state, Kyivan Rus, which during the 10th and 11th centuries was the largest and most powerful state in Europe. Weakened by internecine quarrels and Mongol invasions, Kyivan Rus was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and eventually into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The cultural and religious legacy of Kyivan Rus laid the foundation for Ukrainian nationalism through subsequent centuries. A new Ukrainian state, the Cossack Hetmanate, was established during the mid-17th century after an uprising against the Poles. Despite continuous Muscovite pressure, the Hetmanate managed to remain autonomous for well over 100 years. During the latter part of the 18th century, most Ukrainian ethnographic territory was absorbed by the Russian Empire. Following the collapse of czarist Russia in 1917, Ukraine achieved a short-lived period of independence (1917-20), but was reconquered and endured a brutal Soviet rule that engineered two forced famines (1921-22 and 1932-33) in which over 8 million died. In World War II, German and Soviet armies were responsible for 7 to 8 million more deaths. Although Ukraine achieved independence in 1991 with the dissolution of the USSR, democracy and prosperity remained elusive as the legacy of state control and endemic corruption stalled efforts at economic reform, privatization, and civil liberties.
A peaceful mass protest referred to as the \"Orange Revolution\" in the closing months of 2004 forced the authorities to overturn a rigged presidential election and to allow a new internationally monitored vote that swept into power a reformist slate under Viktor YUSHCHENKO. Subsequent internal squabbles in the YUSHCHENKO camp allowed his rival Viktor YANUKOVYCH to stage a comeback in parliamentary (Rada) elections, become prime minister in August 2006, and be elected president in February 2010. In October 2012, Ukraine held Rada elections, widely criticized by Western observers as flawed due to use of government resources to favor ruling party candidates, interference with media access, and harassment of opposition candidates. President YANUKOVYCH's backtracking on a trade and cooperation agreement with the EU in November 2013 - in favor of closer economic ties with Russia - and subsequent use of force against students, civil society activists, and other civilians in favor of the agreement led to a three-month protest occupation of Kyiv's central square. The government's use of violence to break up the protest camp in February 2014 led to all out pitched battles, scores of deaths, international condemnation, a failed political deal, and the president's abrupt departure for Russia. New elections in the spring allowed pro-West president Petro POROSHENKO to assume office in June 2014; he was succeeded by Volodymyr ZELENSKY in May 2019.
Shortly after YANUKOVYCH's departure in late February 2014, Russian President PUTIN ordered the invasion of Ukraine's Crimean Peninsula falsely claiming the action was to protect ethnic Russians living there. Two weeks later, a \"referendum\" was held regarding the integration of Crimea into the Russian Federation. The \"referendum\" was condemned as illegitimate by the Ukrainian Government, the EU, the US, and the UN General Assembly (UNGA). In response to Russia's illegal annexation of Crimea, 100 members of the UN passed UNGA resolution 68/262, rejecting the \"referendum\" as baseless and invalid and confirming the sovereignty, political independence, unity, and territorial integrity of Ukraine. In mid-2014, Russia began supplying proxies in two of Ukraine's eastern provinces with manpower, funding, and materiel driving an armed conflict with the Ukrainian Government that continues to this day. Representatives from Ukraine, Russia, and the unrecognized Russian proxy republics signed the Minsk Protocol and Memorandum in September 2014 to end the conflict. However, this agreement failed to stop the fighting or find a political solution. In a renewed attempt to alleviate ongoing clashes, leaders of Ukraine, Russia, France, and Germany negotiated a follow-on Package of Measures in February 2015 to implement the Minsk agreements. Representatives from Ukraine, Russia, the unrecognized Russian proxy republics, and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe also meet regularly to facilitate implementation of the peace deal. By early 2022, more than 14,000 civilians were killed or wounded as a result of the Russian intervention in eastern Ukraine.
On 24 February 2022, Russia escalated its conflict with Ukraine by invading the country on several fronts in what has become the largest conventional military attack on a sovereign state in Europe since World War II. The invasion has received near universal international condemnation, and many countries have imposed sanctions on Russia and also supplied humanitarian and military aid to Ukraine. The invasion has also created Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II. As of 1 June, approximately 6.98 million people had fled Ukraine, and more than 7.13 million people were internally displaced as of 30 May. At least 8,900 civilian casualties had been reported, as of 29 May.
" + "text": "
Ukraine was the center of the first eastern Slavic state, Kyivan Rus, which during the 10th and 11th centuries was the largest and most powerful state in Europe. Weakened by internecine quarrels and Mongol invasions, Kyivan Rus was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and eventually into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The cultural and religious legacy of Kyivan Rus laid the foundation for Ukrainian nationalism through subsequent centuries. A new Ukrainian state, the Cossack Hetmanate, was established during the mid-17th century after an uprising against the Poles. Despite continuous Muscovite pressure, the Hetmanate managed to remain autonomous for well over 100 years. During the latter part of the 18th century, most Ukrainian ethnographic territory was absorbed by the Russian Empire. Following the collapse of czarist Russia in 1917, Ukraine achieved a short-lived period of independence (1917-20), but was reconquered and endured a brutal Soviet rule that engineered two forced famines (1921-22 and 1932-33) in which over 8 million died. In World War II, German and Soviet armies were responsible for 7 to 8 million more deaths. Although Ukraine achieved independence in 1991 with the dissolution of the USSR, democracy and prosperity remained elusive as the legacy of state control and endemic corruption stalled efforts at economic reform, privatization, and civil liberties.
A peaceful mass protest referred to as the \"Orange Revolution\" in the closing months of 2004 forced the authorities to overturn a rigged presidential election and to allow a new internationally monitored vote that swept into power a reformist slate under Viktor YUSHCHENKO. Subsequent internal squabbles in the YUSHCHENKO camp allowed his rival Viktor YANUKOVYCH to stage a comeback in parliamentary (Rada) elections, become prime minister in August 2006, and be elected president in February 2010. In October 2012, Ukraine held Rada elections, widely criticized by Western observers as flawed due to use of government resources to favor ruling party candidates, interference with media access, and harassment of opposition candidates. President YANUKOVYCH's backtracking on a trade and cooperation agreement with the EU in November 2013 - in favor of closer economic ties with Russia - and subsequent use of force against students, civil society activists, and other civilians in favor of the agreement led to a three-month protest occupation of Kyiv's central square. The government's use of violence to break up the protest camp in February 2014 led to all out pitched battles, scores of deaths, international condemnation, a failed political deal, and the president's abrupt departure for Russia. New elections in the spring allowed pro-West president Petro POROSHENKO to assume office in June 2014; he was succeeded by Volodymyr ZELENSKY in May 2019.
Shortly after YANUKOVYCH's departure in late February 2014, Russian President PUTIN ordered the invasion of Ukraine's Crimean Peninsula falsely claiming the action was to protect ethnic Russians living there. Two weeks later, a \"referendum\" was held regarding the integration of Crimea into the Russian Federation. The \"referendum\" was condemned as illegitimate by the Ukrainian Government, the EU, the US, and the UN General Assembly (UNGA). In response to Russia's illegal annexation of Crimea, 100 members of the UN passed UNGA resolution 68/262, rejecting the \"referendum\" as baseless and invalid and confirming the sovereignty, political independence, unity, and territorial integrity of Ukraine. In mid-2014, Russia began supplying proxies in two of Ukraine's eastern provinces with manpower, funding, and materiel driving an armed conflict with the Ukrainian Government that continues to this day. Representatives from Ukraine, Russia, and the unrecognized Russian proxy republics signed the Minsk Protocol and Memorandum in September 2014 to end the conflict. However, this agreement failed to stop the fighting or find a political solution. In a renewed attempt to alleviate ongoing clashes, leaders of Ukraine, Russia, France, and Germany negotiated a follow-on Package of Measures in February 2015 to implement the Minsk agreements. Representatives from Ukraine, Russia, the unrecognized Russian proxy republics, and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe also meet regularly to facilitate implementation of the peace deal. By early 2022, more than 14,000 civilians were killed or wounded as a result of the Russian intervention in eastern Ukraine.
On 24 February 2022, Russia escalated its conflict with Ukraine by invading the country on several fronts in what has become the largest conventional military attack on a sovereign state in Europe since World War II. The invasion has received near universal international condemnation, and many countries have imposed sanctions on Russia and also supplied humanitarian and military aid to Ukraine. The invasion has also created Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II. As of 14 June, approximately 7.57million people had fled Ukraine, and more than 7.13 million people were internally displaced as of 30 May. More than 9,930 civilian casualties had been reported, as of 12 June.
" } }, "Geography": { @@ -330,6 +330,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "24.1% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "25.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "40% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "11.5% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -624,7 +635,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation from the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Kristina KVIEN (since January 2020)" + "text": "Ambassador Bridget A. BRINK (since 18 May 2022)" }, "embassy": { "text": "4 A. I. Igor Sikorsky Street, 04112 Kyiv" diff --git a/middle-east/aj.json b/middle-east/aj.json index 1578bb3f..461878a6 100644 --- a/middle-east/aj.json +++ b/middle-east/aj.json @@ -320,6 +320,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "19.9% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "24% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "47.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "0.1% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "4.9% (2013)" }, @@ -1117,7 +1128,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Land Forces (Combined Arms Army), Air Forces, Navy Forces; Ministry of Internal Affairs: State Border Service (includes Coast Guard), Internal Security Troops (2021)" + "text": "Azerbaijan Armed Forces: Land Forces (Combined Arms Army), Air Forces, Navy Forces; Ministry of Internal Affairs: State Border Service (includes Coast Guard), Internal Security Troops (2022)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2021": { @@ -1140,7 +1151,7 @@ "text": "information varies; approximately 65,000 total active troops (55,000 Army; 2,000 Navy; 8,000 Air Force); approximately 15,000 Ministry of Internal Affairs troops (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { - "text": "the inventory of the Azerbaijan military is comprised mostly of Russian and Soviet-era weapons systems with a smaller mix of equipment from other countries; since 2010, Russia is the leading supplier of arms to Azerbaijan, followed by Israel (2021)" + "text": "the inventory of the Azerbaijan military is comprised mostly of Russian and Soviet-era weapons systems with a small mix of equipment from other countries, including Israel and Turkey (2022)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "men age 18-35 years for compulsory military service; service obligation 18 months (non-university graduate) or 12 months (university graduates); 17 years of age for voluntary service (men and women); 17-year-olds are considered to be on active service at cadet military schools (2021)", diff --git a/middle-east/am.json b/middle-east/am.json index c75dd401..ea160098 100644 --- a/middle-east/am.json +++ b/middle-east/am.json @@ -315,6 +315,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "20.2% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "25.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "49.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "1.5% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "2.6% (2015/16)" }, diff --git a/middle-east/ba.json b/middle-east/ba.json index aa3623ed..815bc21c 100644 --- a/middle-east/ba.json +++ b/middle-east/ba.json @@ -313,6 +313,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "29.8% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "14.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "25.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "4.5% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, diff --git a/middle-east/gg.json b/middle-east/gg.json index 2bf3cef1..56a8ed4e 100644 --- a/middle-east/gg.json +++ b/middle-east/gg.json @@ -318,6 +318,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "21.7% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "31.7% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "56.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "7.1% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "2.1% (2018)" }, @@ -583,7 +594,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador David BAKRADZE (since 18 January 2017)" + "text": "Ambassador David ZALKALIANI (since 6 May 2022)" }, "chancery": { "text": "1824 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20009" diff --git a/middle-east/ir.json b/middle-east/ir.json index 1d8cfaa0..934eba0a 100644 --- a/middle-east/ir.json +++ b/middle-east/ir.json @@ -341,6 +341,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "25.8% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "13.6% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "24.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "3.1% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "4.1% (2010/11)" }, diff --git a/middle-east/is.json b/middle-east/is.json index 5c809a3a..5a7f61cf 100644 --- a/middle-east/is.json +++ b/middle-east/is.json @@ -324,6 +324,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "26.1% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "21.2% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "28.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "13.5% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -1192,7 +1203,7 @@ "note": "note(s) - women have served in the Israeli military since its establishment in 1948; as of 2021, women made up about 35% of IDF personnel; more than 90% of military specialties, including combat specialties, were open to women and more than 3,000 women were serving in combat units; the IDF's first mixed-gender infantry unit, the Caracal Battalion, was established in 2004; as of 2021, conscripts comprised about 70% of the IDF ground forces" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) has operated in the Golan between Israel and Syria since 1974 to monitor the ceasefire following the 1973 Arab-Israeli War and supervise the areas of separation between the two countries; as of February 2022, UNDOF consisted of about 1,100 personnel
as of 2022 and since the outbreak of the Syrian civil war in 2011, Israel has routinely carried out air strikes in Syria targeting Iranian, Iranian-backed militia and Hizballah forces, and some Syrian Government military positions; over the same period, the IDF has carried out numerous strikes against Hizballah in Lebanon in response to attacks on Israeli territory; Israel fought a month-long war in Lebanon with Hizballah in 2006 (see Appendix-T for details on Hizballah)
as of 2022, the IDF also conducted frequent operations against the HAMAS and Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) terrorist groups operating out of the Gaza Strip; since seizing control of the Gaza Strip in 2007, HAMAS has claimed responsibility for numerous rocket attacks into Israel and organized protests at the border between Gaza and Israel, resulting in violent clashes, casualties, and reprisal military actions by the IDF; HAMAS and Israel fought an 11-day conflict in May of 2021, which ended in an informal truce; sporadic clashes continued into 2022, including incendiary balloon attacks from Palestinian territory and retaliatory IDF strikes; PIJ has conducted numerous attacks on Israel since the 1980s, including a barrage of mortar and rocket strikes in February 2020 (see Appendix-T for more details on HAMAS and Palestine Islamic Jihad)
Israel has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments
as of 2022, the IDF also conducted frequent operations against the HAMAS and Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) terrorist groups operating out of the Gaza Strip; since seizing control of the Gaza Strip in 2007, HAMAS has claimed responsibility for numerous rocket attacks into Israel and organized protests at the border between Gaza and Israel, resulting in violent clashes, casualties, and reprisal military actions by the IDF; HAMAS and Israel fought an 11-day conflict in May of 2021, which ended in an informal truce; sporadic clashes continued into 2022, including incendiary balloon attacks from Palestinian territory and retaliatory IDF strikes; PIJ has conducted numerous attacks on Israel since the 1980s, including a barrage of mortar and rocket strikes in February 2020 (see Appendix-T for more details on HAMAS and Palestine Islamic Jihad)
Israel has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments
- as of 2022, Iraqi security forces (ISF) continued to conduct counterinsurgency and counter-terrorism operations against the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) terrorist group, particularly in northern and western Iraq; Kurdish Security Forces (KSF, aka Peshmerga) also conducted operations against ISIS
- the KSF were formally recognized as a legitimate Iraqi military force under the country’s constitution and have operated jointly with the Iraqi military against ISIS militants, but they also operate outside of Iraqi military command structure; since 2021, the ISF and the KSF have conducted joint counter-ISIS operations in an area known as the Kurdish Coordination Line (KCL), a swath of disputed territory in northern Iraq claimed by both the Kurdistan Regional Government and the central Iraqi Government; the KSF/Peshmerga report to the Kurdistan Regional Government or Kurdistan Democratic Party and Patriotic Union of Kurdistan parties instead of the Iraqi Ministry of Defense
- Popular Mobilization Commission and Affiliated Forces (PMF or PMC), also known as Popular Mobilization Units (PMU, or al-Hashd al-Sha’abi in Arabic), tribal militia units have fought alongside the Iraqi military against ISIS since 2014, but the majority of these forces continue to largely ignore the 2016 Law of the Popular Mobilization Authority, which mandated that armed militias must be regulated in a fashion similar to Iraq’s other security forces and act under the Iraqi Government’s direct control; the Iraqi prime minister legally commands the PMF, but many of the militia units take orders from associated political parties and/or other government officials, including some with ties to the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and some that have been designated as terrorist organizations by the US; the PMF/PMU is an umbrella organization comprised of many different militias, the majority of which are Shia; there are typically three types of Shia militia:
--militias backed by Iran; they are considered the most active and capable, and include such groups as the Badr Organization, Asaib Ahl al-Haq, and Kataib Hizballah
--militias affiliated with Shia political parties, but not aligned with Iran, such as Moqtada al-SADR's Saray al-Salam (Peace Brigades)
--militias not connected with political parties, but affiliated with the Najaf-based Grand Ayatollah Ali al-SISTANI (Iraq’s supreme Shia cleric), such as the Hawza militias
other PMF/PMU militias include Tribal Mobilization militias, or Hashd al-Asha’iri, which are composed of fighters from Sunni tribes; some of these militias take orders from the ISF and local authorities while others respond to orders from the larger Shia PMU militias; still other militias include Yazidi and Christian militias and the Turkmen brigades; the links of these forces to the PMU is not always clear-cut and may be loosely based on financial, legal, or political incentives
- at the request of the Iraqi government, NATO agreed to establish an advisory, training and capacity-building mission in Iraq in October 2018 to help Iraqi forces in their fight against ISIS; as of 2022, the NATO Mission Iraq (NMI) had about 500 troops; in December 2021, the task force that leads the defeat ISIS mission in Iraq, Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve (CJTF-OIR), transitioned from a combat role to an advise, assist, and enable role
(2022)" + "text": "- as of 2022, Iraqi security forces (ISF) continued to conduct counterinsurgency and counter-terrorism operations against the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) terrorist group, particularly in northern and western Iraq; Kurdish Security Forces (KSF, aka Peshmerga) also conducted operations against ISIS
- the KSF were formally recognized as a legitimate Iraqi military force under the country’s constitution and have operated jointly with the Iraqi military against ISIS militants, but they also operate outside of Iraqi military command structure; since 2021, the ISF and the KSF have conducted joint counter-ISIS operations in an area known as the Kurdish Coordination Line (KCL), a swath of disputed territory in northern Iraq claimed by both the Kurdistan Regional Government and the central Iraqi Government; the KSF/Peshmerga report to the Kurdistan Regional Government or Kurdistan Democratic Party and Patriotic Union of Kurdistan parties instead of the Iraqi Ministry of Defense
- Popular Mobilization Commission and Affiliated Forces (PMF or PMC), also known as Popular Mobilization Units (PMU, or al-Hashd al-Sha’abi in Arabic), tribal militia units have fought alongside the Iraqi military against ISIS since 2014, but the majority of these forces continue to largely ignore the 2016 Law of the Popular Mobilization Authority, which mandated that armed militias must be regulated in a fashion similar to Iraq’s other security forces and act under the Iraqi Government’s direct control; the Iraqi Government funds the PMF, and the prime minister legally commands it, but many of the militia units take orders from associated political parties and/or other government officials, including some with ties to the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and some that have been designated as terrorist organizations by the US; the PMF/PMU is an umbrella organization comprised of many different militias, the majority of which are Shia; there are typically three types of Shia militia:
--militias backed by Iran; they are considered the most active and capable, and include such groups as the Badr Organization (Saraya al-Sala), Asaib Ahl al-Haq, and Kataib Hizballah
--militias affiliated with Shia political parties, but not aligned with Iran, such as Moqtada al-SADR's Saray al-Salam (Peace Brigades)
--militias not connected with political parties, but affiliated with the Najaf-based Grand Ayatollah Ali al-SISTANI (Iraq’s supreme Shia cleric), such as the Hawza militias
other PMF/PMU militias include Tribal Mobilization militias, or Hashd al-Asha’iri, which are composed of fighters from Sunni tribes; some of these militias take orders from the ISF and local authorities while others respond to orders from the larger Shia PMU militias; still other militias include Yazidi and Christian militias and the Turkmen brigades; the links of these forces to the PMU is not always clear-cut and may be loosely based on financial, legal, or political incentives
- at the request of the Iraqi government, NATO agreed to establish an advisory, training and capacity-building mission for the Iraqi military in October 2018; as of 2022, the NATO Mission Iraq (NMI) had about 500 troops; in December 2021, the task force that leads the defeat ISIS mission in Iraq, Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve (CJTF-OIR), transitioned from a combat role to an advise, assist, and enable role
(2022)" } }, "Terrorism": { @@ -1206,7 +1217,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "15,272 (Turkey), 7,881 (West Bank and Gaza Strip) (mid-year 2021); 257,974 (Syria) (2022)" + "text": "15,272 (Turkey), 7,881 (West Bank and Gaza Strip) (mid-year 2021); 260,686 (Syria) (2022)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "1,198,940 (displacement in central and northern Iraq since January 2014) (2021)" diff --git a/middle-east/jo.json b/middle-east/jo.json index 251c3e34..1f939748 100644 --- a/middle-east/jo.json +++ b/middle-east/jo.json @@ -329,6 +329,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "35.5% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "34.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "56.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "12.8% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "3% (2012)" }, diff --git a/middle-east/ku.json b/middle-east/ku.json index 65ae22ff..fce8a9b1 100644 --- a/middle-east/ku.json +++ b/middle-east/ku.json @@ -317,6 +317,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "37.9% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "17.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "33.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "2.2% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "3% (2014)" }, @@ -569,7 +580,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador SALEM Abdallah al-Jaber al-Sabahin 2015, a Saudi-led coalition of Arab states intervened militarily in Yemen in support of the Republic of Yemen Government (ROYG) against the separatist Huthis; as of early 2022, the conflict had become largely stalemated, but the coalition (consisting largely of Saudi forces), ROYG forces, and the Huthis continued to engage in fighting, mostly with air and missile forces, although some ground fighting was also taking place over the key oil-rich province of Marib; the Saudis have conducted numerous air strikes in northern Yemen, while the Huthis have launched attacks into Saudi territory with ballistic missiles and unmanned aerial vehicles armed with explosives; Saudi Arabia also has raised and equipped paramilitary/militia security forces in Yemen based largely on tribal or regional affiliation to deploy along the Saudi-Yemen border, especially the areas bordering the governorates of Saada and Al-Jawf; in April 2022, the warring parties agreed to a two-month cease-fire
the United Arab Emirates (UAE) intervened in Yemen in 2015 as part of the Saudi-led coalition with about 3,500 troops, as well as supporting air and naval forces; UAE withdrew its main military force from Yemen in 2019, but has retained a small military presence while working with proxies in southern Yemen, most notably the Southern Transitional Council (STC); as of 2021, UAE had recruited, trained, and equipped an estimated 150-200,000 Yemeni fighters and formed them into dozens of militia and paramilitary units
" + "text": "in 2015, a Saudi-led coalition of Arab states intervened militarily in Yemen in support of the Republic of Yemen Government (ROYG) against the separatist Huthis; as of early 2022, the conflict had become largely stalemated, but the coalition (consisting largely of Saudi forces), ROYG forces, and the Huthis continued to engage in fighting, mostly with air and missile forces, although some ground fighting was also taking place over the key oil-rich province of Marib; the Saudis have conducted numerous air strikes in northern Yemen, while the Huthis have launched attacks into Saudi territory with ballistic missiles and unmanned aerial vehicles armed with explosives; Saudi Arabia also has raised and equipped paramilitary/militia security forces in Yemen based largely on tribal or regional affiliation to deploy along the Saudi-Yemen border, especially the areas bordering the governorates of Saada and Al-Jawf; in April 2022, the warring parties agreed to a two-month cease-firethe Maritime Administration of the US Department of Transportation has issued Maritime Advisory 2022-003 (Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Arabian Sea, and Indian Ocean-Violence Due to Regional Conflict and Piracy) effective 28 February 2022, which states in part the \"Conflict in Yemen continues to pose potential risk to US flagged commercial vessels transiting the southern Red Sea, Bab al Mandeb Strait, and Gulf of Aden. Threats may come from a variety of different sources including, but not limited to, missiles, rockets, projectiles, mines, small arms, unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned surface vessels, or waterborne improvised explosive devices. These threat vectors continue to pose a direct or collateral risk to US flagged commercial vessels operating in the region. Additionally, piracy poses a threat in the Gulf of Aden, Western Arabian Sea, and Western Indian Ocean.\"
" diff --git a/north-america/ca.json b/north-america/ca.json index f7b827c7..8f8a2cf3 100644 --- a/north-america/ca.json +++ b/north-america/ca.json @@ -338,6 +338,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "29.4% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "13% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "15.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "10.7% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -569,7 +580,7 @@ "text": "Senate - appointed; latest appointments in July 2021Congress officially created the US military in September 1789; the US Army was established in June 1775 as the Continental Army; after the declaration of independence in July 1776, the Continental Army and the militia in the service of Congress became known collectively as the Army of the United States; when Congress ordered the Continental Army to disband in 1784, it retained a small number of personnel that would form the nucleus of the 1st American Regiment for national service formed later that year; both the US Navy and the US Marines were also established in 1775, but the Navy fell into disuse after the Revolutionary War, and was reestablished by Congress in 1794; the US Air Force was established in 1947, but the first military unit of the US Army devoted exclusively to aviation began operations in 1913
" + "text": "the US is a member of NATO and was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) in 1949note: mineral exploitation except for scientific research is banned by the Environmental Protocol to the Antarctic Treaty; additionally, many nations (including the US) prohibit mineral resource exploration and exploitation south of the fluctuating Polar Front (Antarctic Convergence), which is in the middle of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and serves as the dividing line between the cold polar surface waters to the south and the warmer waters to the north
" + "text": "the Southern Ocean is subject to all international agreements regarding the world's oceans; in addition, it is subject to these agreements specific to the Antarctic region: International Whaling Commission (prohibits commercial whaling south of 40 degrees south [south of 60 degrees south between 50 degrees and 130 degrees west]); Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Seals (limits sealing); Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (regulates fishing)note: mineral exploitation except for scientific research is banned by the Environmental Protocol to the Antarctic Treaty; additionally, many nations (including the US) prohibit mineral resource exploration and exploitation south of the fluctuating Polar Front (Antarctic Convergence), which is in the middle of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and serves as the dividing line between the cold polar surface waters to the south and the warmer waters to the north
" }, "Marine fisheries": { "text": "the Southern Ocean fishery is relatively small with a total catch of 380,771 mt in 2019; the Food and Agriculture Organization has delineated three regions in the Southern Ocean (Regions 48, 58, 88) that generally encompass the waters south of 40° to 60° South latitude; the most important producers in these regions include Norway (230,258 mt), China (50,381 mt), and South Korea (43,336 mt); Antarctic Krill made up 96% of the total catch in 2019, while other important species include Patagonian and Antarctic toothfish
Senate - percent of vote by bloc or party - NA; seats by bloc or party - JxC 14, FdT 9, VcV 1; composition (as of February 2022) - JxC 33, FdT 35, other 4; men 41, women 31, percent of women 43.1%
Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by bloc or party - NA; seats by bloc or party - JxC 61, FdT 50, FIT-U 4, VcV 4, other 8; composition (as of February 2022) - JxC 116, FdT 118, FIT-U 4, others 19; men 142, women 115, percent of women 44.7%; note - total National Congress percent of women 44.4%
" + "text": "
Senate - percent of vote by bloc or party - NA; seats by bloc or party - FdT 35, JxC 33, other 4; composition (as of February 2022) men 41, women 31, percent of women 43.1%
Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by bloc or party - NA; seats by bloc or party - FdT 118, JxC 116, FIT-U 4, other: 19; composition (as of February 2022) - men 142, women 115, percent of women 44.7%; note - total National Congress percent of women 44.4%
" } }, "Judicial branch": { "highest courts": { - "text": "Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (consists of the court president, vice president, and 5 justices)" + "text": "Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (consists of the court president, vice president, 2 judges, 1 vacancy)" }, "judge selection and term of office": { - "text": "justices nominated by the president and approved by the Senate; justices can serve until mandatory retirement at age 75; extensions beyond 75 require renomination by the president and approval by the Senate" + "text": "judges nominated by the president and approved by the Senate; ministers can serve until mandatory retirement at age 75; extensions beyond 75 require renomination by the president and approval by the Senate" }, "subordinate courts": { "text": "federal level appellate, district, and territorial courts; provincial level supreme, appellate, and first instance courts" @@ -1049,7 +1060,7 @@ "note": "note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments" }, "Broadcast media": { - "text": "government owns a TV station and radio network; more than 2 dozen TV stations and hundreds of privately owned radio stations; high rate of cable TV subscription usage" + "text": "government owns a TV station and radio network; more than two dozen TV stations and hundreds of privately owned radio stations; high rate of cable TV subscription usage (2022)" }, "Internet country code": { "text": ".ar" diff --git a/south-america/bl.json b/south-america/bl.json index 61971b7a..ff6f2040 100644 --- a/south-america/bl.json +++ b/south-america/bl.json @@ -340,6 +340,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "20.2% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "12.7% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "20.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "4.8% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "3.4% (2016)" }, @@ -1058,7 +1069,7 @@ "note": "note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments" }, "Broadcast media": { - "text": "large number of radio and TV stations broadcasting with private media outlets dominating; state-owned and private radio and TV stations generally operating freely, although both pro-government and anti-government groups have attacked media outlets in response to their reporting" + "text": "large number of radio and TV stations broadcasting with private media outlets dominating; state-owned and private radio and TV stations generally operating freely, although both pro-government and anti-government groups have attacked media outlets in response to their reporting (2019)" }, "Internet country code": { "text": ".bo" diff --git a/south-america/br.json b/south-america/br.json index f4de0c42..0776d4c3 100644 --- a/south-america/br.json +++ b/south-america/br.json @@ -355,6 +355,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "22.1% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "12.8% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "16.2% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "9.4% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "NA" }, @@ -1078,7 +1089,7 @@ "note": "note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments" }, "Broadcast media": { - "text": "state-run Radiobras operates a radio and a TV network; more than 1,000 radio stations and more than 100 TV channels operating - mostly privately owned; private media ownership highly concentrated" + "text": "state-run Radiobras operates a radio and a TV network; more than 1,000 radio stations and more than 100 TV channels operating - mostly privately owned; private media ownership highly concentrated (2022)" }, "Internet country code": { "text": ".br" diff --git a/south-america/ci.json b/south-america/ci.json index ff4b1992..0a74d4c5 100644 --- a/south-america/ci.json +++ b/south-america/ci.json @@ -327,6 +327,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "28% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "29.2% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "31.6% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "26.8% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "0.5% (2014)" }, diff --git a/south-america/co.json b/south-america/co.json index 8d5d395d..8b2f8f80 100644 --- a/south-america/co.json +++ b/south-america/co.json @@ -344,6 +344,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "22.3% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "8.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "12.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "4.6% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "3.7% (2015/16)" }, diff --git a/south-america/ec.json b/south-america/ec.json index cb5dc1d2..0cd383e2 100644 --- a/south-america/ec.json +++ b/south-america/ec.json @@ -336,6 +336,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "19.9% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "11.3% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "18.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "4.2% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "5.2% (2018/19)" }, diff --git a/south-america/gy.json b/south-america/gy.json index 5a62547c..bb2d5fac 100644 --- a/south-america/gy.json +++ b/south-america/gy.json @@ -332,6 +332,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "20.2% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "12.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "21.7% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "2.4% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "8.2% (2014)" }, diff --git a/south-america/pa.json b/south-america/pa.json index 535e65e3..c6383993 100644 --- a/south-america/pa.json +++ b/south-america/pa.json @@ -334,6 +334,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "20.3% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "11.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "18.6% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "4.4% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "1.3% (2016)" }, @@ -1033,10 +1044,10 @@ }, "Internet users": { "total": { - "text": "5,278,072 (2020 est.)" + "text": "4.92 million (2021 est.)" }, "percent of population": { - "text": "74% (2020 est.)" + "text": "64% (2021 est.)" } }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { diff --git a/south-america/pe.json b/south-america/pe.json index 091babec..662bd58f 100644 --- a/south-america/pe.json +++ b/south-america/pe.json @@ -348,6 +348,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "19.7% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "8.1% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "13.2% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "3% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "2.4% (2019)" }, diff --git a/south-america/uy.json b/south-america/uy.json index 5447d01e..c9248164 100644 --- a/south-america/uy.json +++ b/south-america/uy.json @@ -334,6 +334,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "27.9% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "21.5% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "24.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "18.5% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "1.8% (2018)" }, diff --git a/south-america/ve.json b/south-america/ve.json index c71e1295..25afd735 100644 --- a/south-america/ve.json +++ b/south-america/ve.json @@ -597,7 +597,7 @@ } }, "Political parties and leaders": { - "text": "A New Era or UNT [Manuel ROSALES]
Brave People's Alliance or ABP [Richard BLANCO]
Cambiemos Movimiento Ciudadano or CMC [Timoteo ZAMBRANO]
Christian Democrats or COPEI [Miguel SALAZAR]
Clear Accounts or CC [Enzo SCARENO]
Coalition of parties loyal to Nicolas MADURO -- Great Patriotic Pole or GPP [Nicolas MADURO]
Coalition of opposition parties -- Democratic Alliance (Alianza Democratica) (comprised of AD, EL CAMBIO, COPEI, CMC, and AP)
Come Venezuela (Vente Venezuela) or VV [Maria MACHADO]
Communist Party of Venezuela or PCV [Oscar FIGUERA]
Democratic Action or AD [Jose Bernabe GUTIERREZ Parra]
EL CAMBIO (The Change) [Javier Alejandro BERTUCCI Carrero]
Justice First or PJ [Julio BORGES]
Popular Will or VP [Leopoldo LOPEZ]
Progressive Wave or AP [Henri FALCON]
The Radical Cause or La Causa R [Andres VELAZQUEZ]
United Socialist Party of Venezuela or PSUV [Nicolas MADURO]
Venezuelan Progressive Movement or MPV [Simon CALZADILLA]
Venezuela Project or PV [Henrique Fernando SALAS FEO]
A New Era or UNT [Manuel ROSALES]
Brave People's Alliance or ABP [Antonio LEDEZMA]
Cambiemos Movimiento Ciudadano or CMC [Timoteo ZAMBRANO]
Christian Democrats or COPEI [Miguel SALAZAR]
Citizens Encounter or EC [Delsa SOLORZANO]
Clear Accounts or CC [Enzo SCARENO]
Coalition of parties loyal to Nicolas MADURO -- Great Patriotic Pole or GPP [Nicolas MADURO]
Coalition of opposition parties -- Democratic Alliance (Alianza Democratica) (comprised of AD, EL CAMBIO, COPEI, CMC, and AP)
Come Venezuela (Vente Venezuela) or VV [Maria Corina MACHADO]
Communist Party of Venezuela or PCV [Oscar FIGUERA]
Consenso en la Zona or Conenzo [Enzo SCARANO and Leon JURADO]
Convergencia [Juan Jose CALDERA]
Democratic Action or AD [Jose Bernabe GUTIERREZ Parra]
EL CAMBIO (The Change) [Javier Alejandro BERTUCCI Carrero]
Fatherland for All (Patria para Todos) or PPT [Ilenia MEDINA]
Fuerza Vecinal or FV [leaders include mayors Gustavo DUQUE, Darwin GONZALEZ, Elias SAYEGH, Manuel FERREIRA, Josy FERNANDEZ, and Morel David RODRIGUEZ]; note - national spokesman David UZCATEGUI
Justice First (Primero Justicia) or PJ [Julio BORGES]
LAPIZ [Antonio Ecarri]
Movement to Socialism (Movimiento al Socialismo) or MAS [Segundo MELENDEZ]
Popular Will (Voluntad Popular) or VP [Leopoldo LOPEZ, Freddy SUPERLANO, and Emilio GRATERON]
Progressive Advance (Avanzada Progresista) or AP [two groups, one led by Henri FALCON and Fanny GARCIA, the other led by Luis Augusto ROMERO and Bruno GALLO]
The Radical Cause or La Causa R [Andres VELAZQUEZ]
United Socialist Party of Venezuela or PSUV [Nicolas MADURO]
Venezuela First (Primero Venezuela) or PV [Luis PARRA]
Venezuelan Progressive Movement or MPV [Simon CALZADILLA]
Venezuela Project or PV [Carlos BERRIZBEITIA]
We Are Venezuela (Somos Venezuela) or MSV [Delcy RODRIGUEZ and Vanessa MONTERO]
Maldives has no embassy in the US, but its Permanent Representative to the UN in New York, THILMEEZA Hussain (since 8 July 2019), is accredited to the US and serves as ambassador
(2020)" + "text": "Maldives has no embassy in the US, but its Permanent Representative to the UN in New York, Thilmeeza HUSSAIN (since 8 July 2019), is accredited to the US and serves as ambassador
(2020)" }, "chancery": { "text": "801 Second Avenue, Suite 202E, New York, NY 10017" diff --git a/south-asia/np.json b/south-asia/np.json index d8405b7e..3c3e941e 100644 --- a/south-asia/np.json +++ b/south-asia/np.json @@ -329,6 +329,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "4.1% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "30.4% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "47.9% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "12.8% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "24.4% (2019)" }, @@ -606,7 +617,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador Shreedhar KHATRI (since 25 April 2022)" + "text": "Ambassador Sridhar KHATRI (since 19 April 2022)" }, "chancery": { "text": "2730 34th Place NW, Washington, DC 20007" diff --git a/south-asia/pk.json b/south-asia/pk.json index d76e08b9..434a9803 100644 --- a/south-asia/pk.json +++ b/south-asia/pk.json @@ -347,6 +347,17 @@ "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "8.6% (2016)" }, + "Tobacco use": { + "total": { + "text": "20.2% (2020 est.)" + }, + "male": { + "text": "33% (2020 est.)" + }, + "female": { + "text": "7.3% (2020 est.)" + } + }, "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": { "text": "23.1% (2017/18)" }, @@ -646,7 +657,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador Sadar Masood KHAN (since 24 March 2022)" + "text": "Ambassador Sardar Masood KHAN (since 24 March 2022)" }, "chancery": { "text": "3517 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008" diff --git a/world/xx.json b/world/xx.json index 15e33deb..583a96e0 100644 --- a/world/xx.json +++ b/world/xx.json @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ }, "Geography": { "Geographic overview": { - "text": "The surface of the Earth is approximately 70.9% water and 29.1% land. The former portion is divided into large bodies termed oceans. The World Factbook recognizes and describes five oceans, which are in decreasing order of size: the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean, and Arctic Ocean. Because of their immense size, the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans are generally divided at the equator into the North and South Pacific Oceans and the North and South Atlantic Oceans, thus creating seven major water bodies - the so-called \"Seven Seas.\"
Some 97.5% of the Earth's water is saltwater. Of the 2.5% that is fresh, about two-thirds is frozen mostly locked up in the Antarctic ice sheets and mountain glaciers worldwide. If all the surface ice on earth fully melted, the sea level would rise about 70 m (230 ft).
In a 100-year period, a water molecule spends 98 years in the ocean, 20 months as ice, about two weeks in lakes and rivers, and less than a week in the atmosphere. Groundwater can take 50 years to just traverse 1 km (0.6 mi).
Earth's land portion is generally divided into several, large, discrete landmasses termed continents. Depending on the convention used, the number of continents can vary from five to seven. The most common classification recognizes seven, which are (from largest to smallest): Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia. Asia and Europe are sometimes lumped together into a Eurasian continent resulting in six continents. Alternatively, North and South America are sometimes grouped as simply the Americas, resulting in a continent total of six (or five, if the Eurasia designation is used).
North America is commonly understood to include the island of Greenland, the isles of the Caribbean, and to extend south all the way to the Isthmus of Panama. The easternmost extent of Europe is generally defined as being the Ural Mountains and the Ural River; on the southeast the Caspian Sea; and on the south the Caucasus Mountains, the Black Sea, and the Mediterranean. Portions of five countries - Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkey - fall within both Europe and Asia, but in every instance the larger section is in Asia. These countries are considered part of both continents. Armenia and Cyprus, which lie completely in Western Asia, are geopolitically European countries.
Asia usually incorporates all the islands of the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia. The islands of the Pacific are often lumped with Australia into a \"land mass\" termed Oceania or Australasia. Africa's northeast extremity is frequently delimited at the Isthmus of Suez, but for geopolitical purposes, the Egyptian Sinai Peninsula is often included as part of Africa.
Although the above groupings are the most common, different continental dispositions are recognized or taught in certain parts of the world, with some arrangements more heavily based on cultural spheres rather than physical geographic considerations.
Based on the seven-continent model, and grouping islands with adjacent continents, Africa has the most countries with 54. Europe contains 49 countries and Asia 48, but these two continents share five countries: Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkey. North America consists of 23 sovereign states, Oceania has 14, and South America 12.
countries by continent: Africa (54): Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe;
Europe (49): Albania, Andorra, Austria, Azerbaijan*, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia*, Germany, Greece, Holy See (Vatican City), Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan*, Kosovo, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia*, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey*, Ukraine, United Kingdom (* indicates part of the country is also in Asia);
Asia (48): Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan*, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, China, Cyprus, Georgia*, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan*, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Qatar, Russia*, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Turkey*, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen (* indicates part of the country is also in Europe);
North America (23): Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, United States;
Oceania (14): Australia, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, New Zealand, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu;
South America (12): Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela
the world from space: Earth is the only planet in the Solar System to have water in its three states of matter: liquid (oceans, lakes, and rivers), solid (ice), and gas (water vapor in clouds); from a distance, Earth would be the brightest of the eight planets in the Solar System; this luminous effect would be because of the sunlight reflected by the planet's water
Earth is also the only planet in the Solar System known to be active with earthquakes and volcanoes; these events form the landscape, replenish carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, and erase impact craters caused by meteors
The surface of the Earth is approximately 70.9% water and 29.1% land. The former portion is divided into large bodies termed oceans. The World Factbook recognizes and describes five oceans, which are in decreasing order of size: the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean, and Arctic Ocean. Because of their immense size, the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans are generally divided at the equator into the North and South Pacific Oceans and the North and South Atlantic Oceans, thus creating seven major water bodies - the so-called \"Seven Seas.\"
Some 97.5% of the Earth's water is saltwater. Of the 2.5% that is fresh, about two-thirds is frozen mostly locked up in the Antarctic ice sheets and mountain glaciers worldwide. If all the surface ice on earth fully melted, the sea level would rise about 70 m (230 ft).
In a 100-year period, a water molecule spends 98 years in the ocean, 20 months as ice, about two weeks in lakes and rivers, and less than a week in the atmosphere. Groundwater can take 50 years to just traverse 1 km (0.6 mi).
Earth's land portion is generally divided into several, large, discrete landmasses termed continents. Depending on the convention used, the number of continents can vary from five to seven. The most common classification recognizes seven, which are (from largest to smallest): Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia. Asia and Europe are sometimes lumped together into a Eurasian continent resulting in six continents. Alternatively, North and South America are sometimes grouped as simply the Americas, resulting in a continent total of six (or five, if the Eurasia designation is used).
North America is commonly understood to include the island of Greenland, the isles of the Caribbean, and to extend south all the way to the Isthmus of Panama. The easternmost extent of Europe is generally defined as being the Ural Mountains and the Ural River; on the southeast the Caspian Sea; and on the south the Caucasus Mountains, the Black Sea, and the Mediterranean. Portions of five countries - Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkey - fall within both Europe and Asia, but in every instance the larger section is in Asia. These countries are considered part of both continents. Armenia and Cyprus, which lie completely in Western Asia, are geopolitically European countries.
Asia usually incorporates all the islands of the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia. The islands of the Pacific are often lumped with Australia into a \"land mass\" termed Oceania or Australasia. Africa's northeast extremity is frequently delimited at the Isthmus of Suez, but for geopolitical purposes, the Egyptian Sinai Peninsula is often included as part of Africa.
Although the above groupings are the most common, different continental dispositions are recognized or taught in certain parts of the world, with some arrangements more heavily based on cultural spheres rather than physical geographic considerations.
Based on the seven-continent model, and grouping islands with adjacent continents, Africa has the most countries with 54. Europe contains 49 countries and Asia 48, but these two continents share five countries: Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkey. North America consists of 23 sovereign states, Oceania has 14, and South America 12.
countries by continent: Africa (54): Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe;
Europe (49): Albania, Andorra, Austria, Azerbaijan*, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia*, Germany, Greece, Holy See (Vatican City), Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan*, Kosovo, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia*, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey*, Ukraine, United Kingdom (* indicates part of the country is also in Asia);
Asia (48): Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan*, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, China, Cyprus, Georgia*, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan*, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Qatar, Russia*, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Turkey*, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen (* indicates part of the country is also in Europe);
North America (23): Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, United States;
Oceania (14): Australia, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, New Zealand, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu;
South America (12): Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela
the world from space: Earth is the only planet in the Solar System to have water in its three states of matter: liquid (oceans, lakes, and rivers), solid (ice), and gas (water vapor in clouds); from a distance, Earth would be the brightest of the eight planets in the Solar System; this luminous effect would be because of the sunlight reflected by the planet's water
Earth is also the only planet in the Solar System known to be active with earthquakes and volcanoes; these events form the landscape, replenish carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, and erase impact craters caused by meteors
Earth has a slight equatorial bulge - a difference between its equatorial and polar diameters - because of the centrifugal force exerted by the rotation of the planet about its axis. The equatorial diameter is 12,756 km, but the polar diameter is 12,714 km. This results in the Earth's circumference at the equator being 40,075 km, while the polar circumference is 40,008 km.