apunkt/factbook.json
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13
africa/ag.json
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@ -1059,17 +1059,6 @@
"text": "109 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Algeria has a steadily developing telecom infrastructure with government policies aimed at delivering serviceable internet connections across the country; mobile broadband is largely based on 3G and LTE, and the data rates are also low in global terms; LTE is available in all provinces; investment is required from the mobile network operators (MNOs) to improve the quality of service; the state has previously been hesitant to commit to 5G, instead encouraging the MNOs to upgrade LTE infrastructure before investing in 5G; in 2022, the state was in the process of freeing up the spectrum to enable the MNOs to launch 5G services; fixed internet speeds remain slow (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "a limited network of fixed-lines with a teledensity of slightly less than 12 telephones per 100 persons has been offset by the rapid increase in mobile-cellular subscribership; mobile-cellular teledensity was approximately 106 telephones per 100 persons in 2020 (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 213; ALPAL-2 is a submarine telecommunications cable system in the Mediterranean Sea linking Algeria and the Spanish Balearic island of Majorca; ORVAL is a submarine cable to Spain; landing points for the TE North/TGN-Eurasia/SEACOM/SeaMeWe-4 fiber-optic submarine cable system that provides links to Europe, the Middle East, and Asia; MED cable connecting Algeria with France; microwave radio relay to Italy, France, Spain, Morocco, and Tunisia; Algeria part of the 4,500 Km terrestrial Trans Sahara Backbone network which connects to other fiber networks in the region; Alcomstat-1 satellite offering  telemedicine network (2020)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "Radio Algérienne is the state-run radio broadcast; the National Company of Television (Entreprise Nationale de Télévision (ENTV)) is the primary state-run public TV station (2024)"
},
@ -1160,7 +1149,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "information varies; estimated 200,000 active armed forces personnel, including the National Gendarmerie (2025)"
"text": "information varies; estimated 200,000 active ANP, including the National Gendarmerie (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Algerian military has traditionally been armed mostly with Russian and Soviet-era weapons systems and equipment; over the past decade, it has made large investments in acquiring more modern armored vehicles, air defense systems, fighter aircraft, missiles, unmanned aerial vehicles, and warships, largely from Russia, its traditional supplier, but also China and Western European suppliers such as Germany (2024)"

17
africa/ao.json
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@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
"text": "860 sq km (2014)"
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Rio Zambeze (Zambezi) (shared with Zambia [s], Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Rio Cubango (Okavango) river source (shared with Namibia and Botswana [m]) - 1,600 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Rio Zambeze (Zambezi) (shared with Zambia [s], Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Rio Cubango (Okavango) river source (shared with Namibia and Botswana [m]) - 1,600 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km)<br>Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)<br>Internal <em>(endorheic basin) </em>drainage: Okavango Basin (863,866 sq km)"
@ -420,7 +420,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Rio Zambeze (Zambezi) (shared with Zambia [s], Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Rio Cubango (Okavango) river source (shared with Namibia and Botswana [m]) - 1,600 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Rio Zambeze (Zambezi) (shared with Zambia [s], Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Rio Cubango (Okavango) river source (shared with Namibia and Botswana [m]) - 1,600 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km)<br>Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)<br>Internal <em>(endorheic basin) </em>drainage: Okavango Basin (863,866 sq km)"
@ -1046,17 +1046,6 @@
"text": "67 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Angola&rsquo;s telecom sector in recent years has benefited from political stability, which has encouraged foreign investment; the government and regulator have also set in train mechanisms to open up the telecom sector to new competitors; mobile services were launched in 2022; the MNOs were slow to develop LTE services, instead relying on their GSM and 3G network capabilities; there has been slow progress in LTE network development, with only a small proportion of the country covered; the Ministry of Telecommunications in 2021 set up a 5G hub to assess 5G user cases; the regulator granted licenses to various companies offering 5G services (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "less than one fixed-line per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity about 44 telephones per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 244; landing points for the SAT-3/WASC, WACS, ACE and SACS&nbsp;fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to other countries in west Africa, Brazil, Europe and Asia; satellite earth stations - 29, Angosat-2 satellite expected by 2021 (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "state-owned media dominate; only four privately owned newspapers still exist in print form; state-run Radio Nacional de Angola (RNA) is the only outlet to offer programs in local languages such as Bantu; private stations operate in cities, including Catholic Radio Ecclesia, but RNA is the only radio broadcaster with near-national coverage (2023)"
},
@ -1150,7 +1139,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 100,000 active troops (2025)"
"text": "approximately 100,000 active-duty Armed Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "most Angolan military weapons and equipment are of Russian or Soviet-era origin; there are smaller quantities of items originating from such suppliers as China, Brazil, and South Africa (2024)"

21
africa/bc.json
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@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
"text": "25 sq km (2014)"
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "<p>Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Limpopo (shared with South Africa [s], Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km; Okavango river mouth (shared with Angola [s], and Namibia) - 1,600 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
"text": "<p>Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Limpopo (shared with South Africa [s], Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km; Okavango river mouth (shared with Angola [s], and Namibia) - 1,600 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Orange (941,351 sq km)<br>Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)<br>Internal <em>(endorheic basin) </em>drainage: Okavango Basin (863,866 sq km)"
@ -427,7 +427,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "<p>Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Limpopo (shared with South Africa [s], Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km; Okavango river mouth (shared with Angola [s], and Namibia) - 1,600 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
"text": "<p>Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Limpopo (shared with South Africa [s], Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km; Okavango river mouth (shared with Angola [s], and Namibia) - 1,600 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Orange (941,351 sq km)<br>Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)<br>Internal <em>(endorheic basin) </em>drainage: Okavango Basin (863,866 sq km)"
@ -542,7 +542,7 @@
"text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 31 October 2024 (next to be held in October 2029); vice president appointed by the president"
},
"election results": {
"text": "National elections held in 2024 gave BOKO's UDC 35 seats in the National Assembly, which then selected BOKO as President"
"text": "national elections held in 2024 gave BOKO's UDC 35 seats in the National Assembly, which then selected BOKO as president"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -1033,17 +1033,6 @@
"text": "165 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "effective regulatory reform has made Botswana&rsquo;s telecom market one of the most liberalized in the region; there is a service-neutral licensing regime adapted to the convergence of technologies and services, and several operators now compete in all telecom sectors; Botswana has one of the highest mobile penetration rates in Africa; in a bid to generate new revenue streams and secure market share, the three mobile network operators have entered the underdeveloped broadband sector by adopting of 3G, LTE, and WiMAX technologies; in the fixed-line broadband market they compete with a large number of ISPs, some of which have rolled out their own wireless access infrastructure; the landlocked country depends on satellites for international bandwidth, and on other countries for transit capacity to the landing points of international submarine cables; the landing of additional cables in the region in recent years has improved the competitive situation in this sector, while prices for connectivity have fallen dramatically (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity has declined in recent years and now stands at roughly 5 telephones per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity is roughly 161 telephones per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 267; international calls are made via satellite, using international direct dialing; 2 international exchanges; digital microwave radio relay links to Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and South Africa; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "2 TV stations, 1 state-owned and 1 privately owned; privately owned satellite TV subscription service is available; 2 state-owned national radio stations; 4 privately owned radio stations broadcast locally (2019)"
},
@ -1082,7 +1071,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Botswana Defense Force (BDF): Ground Forces Command, Air Arm Command, Defense Logistics Command (2024)",
"text": "Botswana Defense Force (BDF): Ground Forces Command, Air Arm Command, Defense Logistics Command (2025)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> both the BDF and the Botswana Police Service (BPS) report to the Ministry of Defense, Justice and Security; the BPS has primary responsibility for internal security<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>the Ground Force Command includes a marine unit with boats and river craft for patrolling Botswana's internal waterways and supporting anti-poaching operations"
},
"Military expenditures": {
@ -1103,7 +1092,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 10,000 active BDF personnel (2025)"
"text": "estimated 10,000 active Botswana Defense Force (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the BDF has a mix of mostly older weapons and equipment, largely of Western/European origin; in recent years, it has received limited amounts of material from several European countries and the US (2024)"

18
africa/bn.json
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@ -550,11 +550,12 @@
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); last held on 11 April 2021 (next to be held on 12 April 2026); note - the president is both head of state and head of government"
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); last held on 11 April 2021 (next to be held on 12 April 2026)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br><em>2021:</em> Patrice TALON reelected president in the ; percent of vote - Patrice TALON (independent) 86.3%, Alassane SOUMANOU (FCBE) 11.4%, Corentin KOHOUE (The Democrats) 2.3%<br><br><em>2016:</em> Patrice TALON elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Lionel ZINSOU (FCBE) 28.4%, Patrice TALON (independent) 24.8%, Sebastien AJAVON (independent) 23%, Abdoulaye Bio TCHANE (ABT) 8.8%, Pascal KOUPAKI (NC) 5.9%, other 9.1%; percent of vote in second round - Patrice TALON 65.4%, Lionel ZINSOU 34.6%"
}
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the president is both head of state and head of government"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -1045,17 +1046,6 @@
"text": "109 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Benin&rsquo;s telecom market continues to be restricted by the poor condition of the country&rsquo;s fixed-line infrastructure; this has hampered the development of fixed-line voice and internet services, and there is negligible revenue derived from these sectors; mobile networks account for almost all internet connections, and also carry most voice traffic; there is promise for considerable change in the mobile sector; slow progress is being made in developing competition in the mobile sector; in May 2021 the government sought foreign companies to bid for a fourth mobile license; improved international internet connectivity has contributed to a reduction in end-user pricing, and provided the potential to transform many areas of the country&rsquo;s economy, bringing a greater proportion of the population into the orbit of internet commerce and connectivity; a 2,000km fiber project started in 2016 was finally completed in mid-2021, prompting the government to secure a loan to build additional fiber infrastructure connecting four of the country&rsquo;s 12 departments (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity less than 1 per 100 people; mobile cellular subscriptions are 98 per 100 people (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 229; landing points for the SAT-3/WASC and ACE fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe, and&nbsp;most West African countries; satellite earth stations - 7 (Intelsat-Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "state-run Office de Radiodiffusion et de T&eacute;l&eacute;vision du Benin (ORTB) operates a TV station with a wide broadcast reach; several privately owned TV stations broadcast from Cotonou; satellite TV subscription service is available; state-owned radio, under ORTB control, includes a national station supplemented by a number of regional stations; substantial number of privately owned radio stations; transmissions of a few international broadcasters are available on FM in Cotonou (2019)"
},
@ -1146,7 +1136,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 10,000 active-duty troops (including National Guard) (2025)"
"text": "estimated 10,000 active-duty Armed Forces (including National Guard) (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the FAB is equipped with a small mix of mostly older or secondhand French, Soviet-era, and US equipment; in recent years, the EU, France, and the US have provided it with limited amounts of newer military hardware such as armored vehicles and helicopters (2024)"

17
africa/by.json
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@ -558,7 +558,7 @@
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 20 May 2020 (next to be held in May 2027); vice presidents nominated by the president, endorsed by Parliament; note - a 2018 constitutional referendum, effective for the 2020 election, increased the presidential term from 5 to 7 years with a 2-consecutive-term limit, reinstated the position of the prime minister position, and reduced the number of vice presidents from 2 to 1"
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 20 May 2020 (next to be held in May 2027); vice presidents nominated by the president, endorsed by Parliament"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br><em>2020: </em>Evariste NDAYISHIMIYE elected president; percent of vote - Evariste NDAYISHIMIYE (CNDD-FDD) 71.5%, Agathon RWASA (CNL) 25.2%, Gaston SINDIMWO (UPRONA) 1.7%, other 1.6%<br><br><em>2015:</em> Pierre NKURUNZIZA reelected president; percent of vote - Pierre NKURUNZIZA (CNDD-FDD) 69.4%, Agathon RWASA (Hope of Burundians - Amizerio y'ABARUNDI) 19%, other 11.6%"
@ -1050,17 +1050,6 @@
"text": "58 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Burundi provides an attractive telecom market given its high population density and existing low subscription rates for all services; one downside for investors is that the country has a very low economic output,and an unconducive business environment;&nbsp; disposable income is also very low, and fixed-line infrastructure is poor outside the main urban areas; this is a greater motivation for investors to focus on improving mobile networks than in expanding fixed-line infrastructure; to overcome difficulties associated with the poor telecom infrastructure, the government has supported a number of prominent telcos building a national fiber backbone network; this network offers onward connectivity to submarine cable infrastructure landings in Kenya and Tanzania; the first sections of this network were switched on in early 2014, and additional provinces have since been connected; in addition, the government in early 2018 kick-started the Burundi Broadband project, which aims to deliver national connectivity by 2025; based on this improved infrastructure the government and ITU have developed an ICT strategy to make use of telecoms to promote the country&rsquo;s socio-economic development through to 2028; progress made by Tanzania with its own national backbone network has benefited Burundi, which has been provided with onward connectivity to most countries in the region; International bandwidth capacity has continued to increase in recent years, including a 38% increase in the nine months to September 2021, resulting in lower retail prices for consumers; two of the mobile operators have launched 3G and LTE services to capitalize on the growing demand for internet access; the number of mobile subscribers increased 7% in the third quarter of 2021, quarter-on-quarter; similar growth is expected for the next two years at least, which will help bring the mobile level closer to the average for the region (2022); Burundi&rsquo;s Telecommunications Regulation and Control Agency (ARCT) has recently published its roadmap for the deployment of 5G services in the country, setting out a target of July 2024 for the introduction of commercial services. &nbsp; (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line connections stand at less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular usage is about 62 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 257; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean); the government, supported by the World Bank, has backed a joint venture with a number of prominent telecoms to build a national fiber backbone network, offering onward connectivity to submarine cable infrastructure landings in Kenya and Tanzania (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "state-controlled Radio Television Nationale de Burundi (RTNB) operates a TV station and a national radio network; 3 private TV stations and about 10 privately owned radio stations; transmissions of several international broadcasters are available in Bujumbura (2019)"
},
@ -1091,7 +1080,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Burundi National Defense Force (BNDF; Force de Defense Nationale du Burundi or FDNB) : Land Force (la Force Terrestre), the Navy Force (la Force de la Marine), the Air Force (la Force Aérienne) and Specialized Units (des Unités Spécialisées)<br><br>Ministry of Interior, Community Development, and Public Security: Burundi National Police (Police Nationale du Burundi) (2024)",
"text": "Burundi National Defense Force (BNDF; Force de Defense Nationale du Burundi, FDNB): Land Force (Army), Naval Force, Air Force, Specialized Units<br><br>Ministry of Interior, Community Development, and Public Security: Burundi National Police (Police Nationale du Burundi, PNB) (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Naval Force is responsible for monitoring Burundi’s 175-km shoreline on Lake Tanganyika; the Specialized Units include a special security brigade for the protection of institutions (aka BSPI), commandos, special forces, and military police"
},
"Military expenditures": {
@ -1112,7 +1101,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 25-30,000 active-duty troops (2025)"
"text": "limited available information; estimated 25-30,000 active-duty Defense Force troops (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military has a mix of mostly older weapons and equipment typically of French, Russian, and Soviet origin, and a smaller selection of more modern secondhand equipment from such countries as China, South Africa, and the US (2024)"

16
africa/cd.json
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@ -561,8 +561,7 @@
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em><br>2024: </em>Mahamat Idriss DÉBY elected president; percent of vote - Mahamat Idriss DÉBY (MPS) 61%, Succes MASRA (Transformers) 18.5%, Albert PADACKE 16.9%, other 3.6%<br><em><br>2021:</em> Lt. Gen. Idriss DÉBY reelected transitional president; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Idriss DÉBY (MPS) 79.3%, Pahimi PADACKET Albert (RNDT) 10.3%, Lydie BEASSEMDA (Party for Democracy and Independence) 3.2%, other 7.2%<br><em><br></em>"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> on 20 April 2021; President Idriss DÉBY died of injuries sustained following clashes between government forces and insurgents in northern Chad; following his death, Mahamat Idriss DÉBY , his son, took control of the country, established a Transitional Military Council which was dissolved in October 2022, and was elected president by popular vote in May 2024"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -1052,17 +1051,6 @@
"text": "68 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "the telecom infrastructure is particularly poor; fixed, mobile and internet is well below African averages; Chad&rsquo;s telecom market offers some potential for investors to develop services given the low starting base; the country&rsquo;s first 3G/LTE mobile license was awarded in April 2014; Chad finally gained access to international fiber bandwidth in 2012 its national backbone infrastructure remains underdeveloped; the World Bank-funded Central African Backbone (CAB) project takes in Chad, while the country is also party to a Trans-Saharan Backbone project which will link a fiber cable to Nigeria and Algeria (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line connections less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership base of about 60 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 235; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 state-owned TV station; 2 privately-owned TV stations; state-owned radio network, Radiodiffusion Nationale Tchadienne (RNT), operates national and regional stations; over 10 private radio stations; some stations rebroadcast programs from international broadcasters (2017)"
},
@ -1114,7 +1102,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 35-40,000 active Chadian National Army (ANT) personnel (2025)",
"text": "estimated 35-40,000 active Chadian National Army (2025)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong> in 2021, Chad pledged to increase the size of the military to 60,000"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {

17
africa/cf.json
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@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
"text": "20 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Oubangui (Ubangi) (shared with Central African Republic [s] and Democratic Republic of Congo [m]) - 2,270 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Oubangui (Ubangi) (shared with Central African Republic [s] and Democratic Republic of Congo [m]) - 2,270 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km)"
@ -457,7 +457,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Oubangui (Ubangi) (shared with Central African Republic [s] and Democratic Republic of Congo [m]) - 2,270 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Oubangui (Ubangi) (shared with Central African Republic [s] and Democratic Republic of Congo [m]) - 2,270 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km)"
@ -1077,17 +1077,6 @@
"text": "97 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "suffering from economic challenges of stimulating recovery and reducing poverty; primary network consists of broadband through fiber link to the West Africa Cable System; key exchanges are in Brazzaville, Pointe-Noire, and Dolisie; intercity lines frequently out of order; youth are seeking the Internet more than their parents and often gain access through cyber cafes; only the most affluent have Internet access in their homes; fiber network project with aims to connect north and south regions; DRC operator added fiber link between Brazzaville and Kinshasa (2024)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line infrastructure inadequate, providing less than 1 fixed-line connection per 100 persons; mobile-cellular 97 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 242; WACS submarine cables to Europe and Western and South Africa; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 state-owned TV and 3 state-owned radio stations; several privately owned TV and radio stations; satellite TV service is available; rebroadcasts of several international broadcasters are available"
},
@ -1178,7 +1167,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 12-14,000 active troops, including Gendarmerie (2025)"
"text": "approximately 12-14,000 active FAC, including Gendarmerie (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the FAC has mostly Soviet-era armaments, with a small mix of Chinese, French, and South African equipment (2024)"

17
africa/cg.json
View file

@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "<p>Zaïre (Congo) river mouth (shared with Zambia [s], Angola, and Republic of Congo) - 4,700 km; Ubangi river mouth (shared with Central African Republic [s] and Republic of Congo) - 2,270 km</p> <strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "<p>Zaïre (Congo) river mouth (shared with Zambia [s], Angola, and Republic of Congo) - 2,920 km; Ubangi river mouth (shared with Central African Republic [s] and Republic of Congo) - 2,270 km</p> <strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km), <em>(Mediterranean Sea)</em> Nile (3,254,853 sq km)<br>Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)"
@ -465,7 +465,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "<p>Zaïre (Congo) river mouth (shared with Zambia [s], Angola, and Republic of Congo) - 4,700 km; Ubangi river mouth (shared with Central African Republic [s] and Republic of Congo) - 2,270 km</p> <strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "<p>Zaïre (Congo) river mouth (shared with Zambia [s], Angola, and Republic of Congo) - 2,920 km; Ubangi river mouth (shared with Central African Republic [s] and Republic of Congo) - 2,270 km</p> <strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km), <em>(Mediterranean Sea)</em> Nile (3,254,853 sq km)<br>Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)"
@ -1111,17 +1111,6 @@
"text": "50 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "the telecom system remains one of the least developed in the region; the government can only loosely regulate the sector; the investment made in infrastructure is derived from donor countries or from the efforts of foreign (particularly Chinese) companies and banks; efforts have been made to improve the regulation of the telecom sector; the limited fixed-line infrastructure has become the principal providers of basic telecom services; the development of the DRC&rsquo;s internet and broadband market has been held back by the poorly developed national and international infrastructure; the country was finally connected to international bandwidth through the WACS submarine cable in 2013; breakages in the WACS cable have exposed the vulnerability of international bandwidth, which is still limited; the Equiano submarine cable, and has also completed a 5,000km cable running through the DRC to link to cable systems landing in countries facing the Atlantic and Indian Oceans; the first commercial LTE networks were launched in May 2018 soon after LTE licenses were issued; mobile operators are keen to develop mobile data services, capitalizing on the growth of smartphones usage; there has been some progress with updating technologies, most of the GSM network has been upgraded to 3G by 2021 (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "inadequate fixed-line infrastructure with fixed-line connections less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscriptions over 49 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 243; ACE and WACS submarine cables to West and South Africa and&nbsp;Europe;&nbsp;satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "state-owned TV station with near-national coverage; more than a dozen privately owned TV stations, including 2 with near-national coverage; 2 state-owned radio stations and over 100 private radio stations; transmissions of at least 2 international broadcasters are available"
},
@ -1216,7 +1205,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 100-150,000 active FARDC troops (2025)"
"text": "estimated 100-150,000 active FARDC (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the FARDC is equipped mostly with Soviet-era and older French weapons and equipment; in 2024, the DRC signed an agreement with China for the provision of military equipment (2024)"

13
africa/cm.json
View file

@ -1116,17 +1116,6 @@
"text": "83 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Cameroon was for many years one of the few countries in Africa with only two competing mobile operators; the investment programs among operators over the next few years aims to considerably boost mobile broadband services in rural areas of the country, many of which are under served by fixed-line infrastructure; the government has also been supportive, having launched its &lsquo;Cameroon Digital 2020&rsquo; program, aimed at improving connectivity nationally; improved submarine and terrestrial cable connectivity has substantially increased international bandwidth, in turn leading to reductions in access prices for consumers; other projects such as Acceleration of the Digital Transformation of Cameroon are aimed at developing the digital economy (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "only a little above 3 per 100 persons for fixed-line subscriptions; mobile-cellular usage has increased sharply, reaching a subscribership base of roughly 83 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 237; landing points for the SAT-3/WASC, SAIL, ACE, NCSCS, Ceiba-2, and WACS&nbsp;fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe, South America, and West Africa; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "government maintains tight control over broadcast media; state-owned Cameroon Radio Television (CRTV), with both TV and radio broadcasts, was the only officially recognized and fully licensed broadcaster until 2007, when the government issued licenses to 2 private TV broadcasters and 1 private radio broadcaster; about 70 privately owned, unlicensed radio stations operate under &ldquo;administrative tolerance,&rdquo; meaning the stations could be subject to closure at any time (2019)"
},
@ -1224,7 +1213,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 40-50,000 active FAC troops, including the Gendarmerie (2025)"
"text": "estimated 40-50,000 active FAC, including the Gendarmerie (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the FAC inventory is comprised of weapons and equipment from a variety of countries, including China, Israel, Russia/former Soviet Union, South Africa, the US, and some Western European countries, particularly France (2024)"

13
africa/cn.json
View file

@ -939,17 +939,6 @@
"text": "100 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Comoros launched a special program for the construction of a wireless network to inter connect the 3 islands of the archipelago; telephone service limited to the islands' few towns (2020)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line connections less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular usage about 104 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 269; landing point for the EASSy, Comoros Domestic Cable System, Avassa, and FLY-LION3&nbsp;fiber-optic submarine cable system connecting East Africa with Europe; HF radiotelephone communications to Madagascar and Reunion (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "national state-owned TV station and a TV station run by Anjouan regional government; national state-owned radio; regional governments on the islands of Grande Comore and Anjouan each operate a radio station; a few independent and small community radio stations operate on the islands of Grande Comore and Moheli, and these two islands have access to Mayotte Radio and French TV"
},
@ -1015,7 +1004,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>when the Gendarmerie serves as the judicial police, it reports to the Minister of Justice; the Gendarmerie also has an intervention platoon that may act under the authority of the Interior Minister<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the FCD is also known as the Comoran Security Force"
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 600 Defense Force personnel; estimated 500 Federal Police (2023)"
"text": "estimated 600 Defense Force; estimated 500 Federal Police (2023)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the AND is lightly armed and equipped with small arms and a few light aircraft (2023)"

19
africa/ct.json
View file

@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
"text": "10 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Oubangui (Ubangi) river [s] (shared with Democratic Republic of Congo and Republic of Congo [m]) - 2,270 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Oubangui (Ubangi) river [s] (shared with Democratic Republic of Congo and Republic of Congo [m]) - 2,270 km <br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km), <em>(Mediterranean Sea)</em> Nile (3,254,853 sq km)<br>Internal <em>(endorheic basin) </em>drainage: Lake Chad (2,497,738 sq km)"
@ -427,7 +427,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Oubangui (Ubangi) river [s] (shared with Democratic Republic of Congo and Republic of Congo [m]) - 2,270 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Oubangui (Ubangi) river [s] (shared with Democratic Republic of Congo and Republic of Congo [m]) - 2,270 km <br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km), <em>(Mediterranean Sea)</em> Nile (3,254,853 sq km)<br>Internal <em>(endorheic basin) </em>drainage: Lake Chad (2,497,738 sq km)"
@ -542,7 +542,7 @@
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected for 5-year term; election last held 27 December 2020 (next to be held in December 2025); constitutional referendum in July 2023 removed term limits and institutes 7-year terms; note - presidential and partial legislative elections were held on 27 December 2020; voting was disrupted in some areas, delaying the first round of legislative elections until 14 March 2021; constituencies that did vote on 27 December 2020 held runoff elections for their legislators"
"text": "president directly elected for 5-year term; election last held 27 December 2020 (next to be held in December 2025); constitutional referendum in July 2023 removed term limits and instituted 7-year terms"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em><br>2020:</em> Faustin-Archange TOUADÉRA reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Faustin-Archange TOUADÉRA (independent) 53.9%, Anicet Georges DOLOGUELE (URCA) 21%, other 25.1%<br><br><em>2015:</em> Faustin-Archange TOUADÉRA elected president in the second round; percent of vote in first round - Anicet-Georges DOLOGUELE (URCA) 23.7%, Faustin-Archange TOUADÉRA (independent) 19.1%, Desire KOLINGBA (RDC) 12%, Martin ZIGUELE (MLPC) 11.4%, other 33.8%; percent of vote in second round - Faustin-Archange TOUADÉRA 62.7%, Anicet-Georges DOLOGUELE 37.3%"
@ -997,17 +997,6 @@
"text": "34 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "given the poor fixed-line infrastructure in most countries across Africa, voice and data services across the region are greatly dependent on mobile networks; in the majority of markets, including those with better developed fixed infrastructure such as South Africa, Nigeria, and Kenya, up to 98% of all voice and data connections are via mobile networks; during the last two to three years, national governments and telecom regulators have striven to improve fixed infrastructure with the wider aim of developing economic growth based on digital services and connectivity; this work is principally focused on delivering fiber-based connectivity; since the amount of copper infrastructure (DSL or HFC) used for broadband is so negligible, governments and private firms, including telcos are investing in fiber rather than in older technologies; while supporting broadband to premises, health centers, and government buildings, the new fiber infrastructure is mainly being deployed to provide mobile platforms and to support the rapid growth in data traffic (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "very limited telephone service with less than 1 fixed-line connection per 100 persons; 34 per 100 mobile-cellular subscribers (2020)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 236; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "government-owned network, Radiodiffusion T&eacute;l&eacute;vision Centrafricaine, provides limited TV broadcasting; state-owned radio network is supplemented by a small number of privately owned broadcast stations, as well as a few community radio stations; transmissions of at least 2 international broadcasters are available (2017)"
},
@ -1059,7 +1048,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 10-15,000 active FACA personnel (2025)"
"text": "estimated 10-15,000 active FACA (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "most of the military's heavy weapons and equipment were destroyed or captured during the 2012–2014 civil war; prior to the war, most of its equipment was of French, Russian, or Soviet origin; in recent years, it has received some secondhand equipment from China and Russia, including light weapons, as well as some armored vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles, and helicopters (2024)",

11
africa/cv.json
View file

@ -981,17 +981,6 @@
"text": "99 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "LTE reaches almost 40% of the population; regulator awards commercial 4G licenses and starts 5G pilot; govt. extends USD 25 million for submarine fiber-optic cable project linking Africa to Portugal and Brazil (2020)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "9 per 100 fixed-line teledensity and nearly 100 per 100 mobile-cellular (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 238; landing points for the Atlantis-2, EllaLink, Cabo&nbsp;Verde Telecom Domestic Submarine Cable Phase 1,&nbsp;2, 3 and WACS fiber-optic transatlantic telephone cable that provides links to South America, Africa, and Europe; HF radiotelephone to Senegal and Guinea-Bissau; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "state-run TV and radio network, plus a growing number of private broadcasters; Portuguese public TV and radio services for Africa are available; transmissions of a few international broadcasters are available (2019)"
},

13
africa/dj.json
View file

@ -991,17 +991,6 @@
"text": "46 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Djibouti remains one of the last bastions where the national telco has a monopoly on telecom services, including fixed lines, mobile, internet, and broadband with the exception of broad band fiber; despite the country benefiting from its location as a hub for international submarine cables, prices for telecom services remain relatively high, and out of reach for a number of customers, weighing on market advancement; the Djibouti government is aiming to sell a minority stake in the incumbent telco (retaining some control of decisions) while securing the financial backing and the management acumen of a foreign operator; this is part of a larger plan to modernize the country&rsquo;s economy more generally; the state expects to conduct a sale of up to 40% of the company to an international investor (2023)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "about 2 per 100 fixed-line teledensity and nearly 44 per 100 mobile-cellular (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 253; landing points for the SEA-ME-WE-3 &amp; 5, EASSy, Aden-Djibouti, Africa-1, DARE-1, EIG, MENA, Bridge International, PEACE Cable, and SEACOM&nbsp;fiber-optic submarine cable systems providing links to Asia, the Middle East, Europe,&nbsp;Southeast Asia, Australia&nbsp;and Africa; satellite earth stations - 2 (1 Intelsat - Indian Ocean and 1 Arabsat) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "state-owned Radiodiffusion-T&eacute;l&eacute;vision de Djibouti operates the sole terrestrial TV station, as well as the 2 domestic radio networks; no private TV or radio stations; transmissions of several international broadcasters are available (2019)"
},
@ -1095,7 +1084,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 10-12,000 active military personnel, including Gendarmerie (2025)"
"text": "estimated 10-12,000 active Armed Forces, including Gendarmerie (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the FAD's inventory is a mix of mostly older or secondhand equipment from a wide variety of suppliers, including China, France, Italy, Japan, Russia/former Soviet Union, South Africa, Turkey, and the US (2024)"

24
africa/eg.json
View file

@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "An Nīl (Nile) river mouth (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, and Sudan) - 6,650 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "An Nīl (Nile) river mouth (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, and Sudan) - 6,650 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: <em>(Mediterranean Sea)</em> Nile (3,254,853 sq km)"
@ -458,7 +458,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "An Nīl (Nile) river mouth (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, and Sudan) - 6,650 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "An Nīl (Nile) river mouth (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, and Sudan) - 6,650 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: <em>(Mediterranean Sea)</em> Nile (3,254,853 sq km)"
@ -1143,17 +1143,6 @@
"text": "93 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Egypt&rsquo;s large telecom market is supported by a population of about 109 million and benefits from effective competition in most sectors; a liberal regulatory regime allows for unified licenses which permit operators to offer fixed-line as well as mobile services; in recent years the government has developed a number of digital migration projects aimed at increasing average broadband speeds, delivering fiber broadband to about 60% of the population, developing an in-house satellite program, and creating a knowledge-based economy through the greater adoption of ICTs; the New Administrative Capital being built is only one of more than a dozen smart city projects, which together are stimulating investment in 5G and fiber broadband, as well as the adoption of IoT and AI solutions; the country endeavors to be a significant ICT hub in the North Africa and Middle East regions; Egypt&rsquo;s mature mobile market has one of the highest subscription rates in Africa; progress in the adoption of mobile data services has been hampered by the lack of sufficient spectrum; the regulator in September 2020 made available 60MHz in the 2.6GHz band, though the spectrum was not allocated until late 2021; the additional spectrum will go far to enabling the MNOs to improve the quality of mobile broadband services offered; further 5G trials are to be held later in 2022, focused on the New Administrative Capital; the international cable infrastructure remains an important asset for Egypt, which benefits from its geographical position; Telecom Egypt has become one of the largest concerns in this segment, being a participating member in numerous cable systems; in mid-2021 the telco announced plans to build the Hybrid African Ring Path system, connecting a number of landlocked countries in Africa with Italy, France, and Portugal; the system will partly use the company&rsquo;s existing terrestrial and sub sea cable networks (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line roughly 10 per 100, mobile-cellular 95 per 100 (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 20; landing points for Aletar, Africa-1, FEA, Hawk, IMEWE,&nbsp;and the SEA-ME-WE-3 &amp; 4&nbsp;submarine cable networks linking to Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Australia&nbsp;; satellite earth stations - 4 (2 Intelsat - Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean, 1 Arabsat, and 1 Inmarsat); tropospheric scatter to Sudan; microwave radio relay to Israel; a participant in Medarabtel (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "mix of state-run and private broadcast media; state-run TV operates 2 national and 6 regional terrestrial networks, as well as a few satellite channels; dozens of private satellite channels and a large number of Arabic satellite channels are available for free; some limited satellite services are also available via subscription; state-run radio operates about 30 stations belonging to 8 networks; privately-owned radio includes 8 major stations (2019)"
},
@ -1172,9 +1161,6 @@
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "12 (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Communications - note": {
"text": "one of the largest and most famous libraries in the ancient world was the Great Library of Alexandria in Egypt (founded about 295 B.C., it may have survived in some form into the 5th century A.D.); seeking to resurrect the great center of learning and communication, the Egyptian Government in 2002 inaugurated the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, an Egyptian National Library on the site of the original Great Library, which commemorates the original archive and also serves as a center of cultural and scientific excellence"
}
},
"Transportation": {
@ -1233,7 +1219,7 @@
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Egyptian Armed Forces (EAF): Army (includes Republican Guard), Navy (includes Coast Guard), Air Force, Air Defense Forces, Border Guard Forces<br><br>Interior Ministry: Public Security Sector Police, the Central Security Force, National Security Agency (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the Public Security Sector Police are responsible for law enforcement nationwide; the Central Security Force protects infrastructure and is responsible for crowd control; the National Security Agency is responsible for internal security threats and counterterrorism along with other security services<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> in addition to its external defense duties, the EAF also has a mandate to assist police in protecting vital infrastructure during a state of emergency; military personnel were granted full arrest authority in 2011 but normally only use this authority during states of emergency and periods of \"significant turmoil”"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Public Security Sector Police are responsible for law enforcement nationwide; the Central Security Force protects infrastructure and is responsible for crowd control; the National Security Agency is responsible for internal security threats and counterterrorism along with other security services<br>"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2023": {
@ -1253,7 +1239,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 450,000 active EAF personnel (2025)"
"text": "estimated 450,000 active Armed Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the EAF's inventory is comprised of a mix of domestically produced, Soviet-era, and more modern, particularly Western, weapons systems; in recent years, the EAF has embarked on an equipment modernization program with significant purchases from foreign suppliers; major suppliers have included China, France, Germany, Italy, Russia, and the US; Egypt has an established defense industry that produces a range of products from small arms to armored vehicles and naval vessels; it also has licensed and co-production agreements with several countries, including Germany and the US (2024)"
@ -1266,7 +1252,7 @@
"text": "1,000 (plus nearly 200 police) Central African Republic (MINUSCA); also has about 350 police deployed to the Democratic Republic of the Congo under MONUSCO; slated to have about 1,100 personnel in Somalia under AUSSOM in 2025 (2024)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Egyptian Armed Forces (EAF) are responsible for external defense but also have an internal role assisting police and paramilitary security forces during emergencies and in anti-terrorism operations; the EAF also participates in foreign peacekeeping and other security missions, as well as both bilateral and multinational exercises; the military has considerable political power and independence; it has long had a crucial role in Egypt’s politics and has a large stake in the civilian economy, including running banks, businesses, gas stations, shipping lines, and utilities, and producing consumer and industrial goods, importing commodities, and building and managing infrastructure projects, such as bridges, roads, hospitals, and housing<br><br>the EAF is the largest and one of the better equipped militaries in the region; key areas of concern for the EAF include Islamist militant groups operating out of the Sinai Peninsula, regional challenges such as ongoing conflicts and instability, and maritime security; since 2011, the EAF has been conducting operations alongside other security forces in the North Sinai governorate against several militant groups, particularly the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS); over the past decade, it has deployed large numbers of troops along Egypt's border with Libya, provided air support to the Saudi-led coalition's intervention in Yemen, and most recently boosted its presence on the border with Gaza in response to the HAMAS-Israel conflict; the Navy in recent years has sought to modernize and expand its capabilities and profile in the Eastern Mediterranean and Red Sea, including the acquisition of helicopter carriers, modern frigates, and attack submarines; in 2020, the EAF inaugurated a large joint service military base on the Red Sea to secure the country’s southern coasts, protect economic investments and natural resources, and confront security challenges in the Red Sea region<br><br>Egypt is a major security partner of the US and one of the largest recipients of US military aid in the region; it also has Major Non-NATO Ally status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation<br><br>the Multinational Force &amp; Observers (MFO) has operated in the Sinai since 1982 as a peacekeeping and monitoring force to supervise the implementation of the security provisions of the 1979 Egyptian-Israeli Treaty of Peace; the MFO is an independent international organization, created by agreement between Egypt and Israel; it is composed of about 1,150 troops from 13 countries; Colombia, Fiji, and the US are the leading providers of troops to the MFO (2024)"
"text": "the Egyptian Armed Forces (EAF) are responsible for external defense but also have an internal role assisting police and paramilitary security forces during emergencies and in anti-terrorism operations; the EAF also participates in foreign peacekeeping and other security missions, as well as both bilateral and multinational exercises; the military has considerable political power and independence; it has long had a crucial role in Egypt’s politics and has a large stake in the civilian economy, including running banks, businesses, gas stations, shipping lines, and utilities, and producing consumer and industrial goods, importing commodities, and building and managing infrastructure projects, such as bridges, roads, hospitals, and housing<br><br>key areas of concern for the EAF include Islamist militant groups operating out of the Sinai Peninsula, regional challenges such as ongoing conflicts and instability, and maritime security; since 2011, the EAF has been conducting operations alongside other security forces in the North Sinai governorate against several militant groups, particularly the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS); over the past decade, it has deployed large numbers of troops along Egypt's border with Libya, provided air support to the Saudi-led coalition's intervention in Yemen, and most recently boosted its presence on the border with Gaza in response to the HAMAS-Israel conflict; the Navy in recent years has sought to modernize and expand its capabilities and profile in the Eastern Mediterranean and Red Sea, including the acquisition of helicopter carriers, modern frigates, and attack submarines; in 2020, the EAF inaugurated a large joint service military base on the Red Sea to secure the country’s southern coasts, protect economic investments and natural resources, and confront security challenges in the Red Sea region<br><br>Egypt is a major security partner of the US and one of the largest recipients of US military aid in the region; it also has Major Non-NATO Ally status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation<br><br>the Multinational Force &amp; Observers (MFO) has operated in the Sinai since 1982 as a peacekeeping and monitoring force to supervise the implementation of the security provisions of the 1979 Egyptian-Israeli Treaty of Peace; the MFO is an independent international organization, created by agreement between Egypt and Israel; it is composed of about 1,150 troops from 13 countries; Colombia, Fiji, and the US are the leading providers of troops to the MFO (2024)"
}
},
"Space": {

15
africa/ek.json
View file

@ -975,17 +975,6 @@
"text": "53 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "the telecom service is forecasted to register a growth of more than 6% during the period of 2022-2026; mobile data is the largest contributor to total service revenue in 2021, followed by mobile voice, fixed broadband, mobile messaging, and fixed voice; the launch of the international submarine cable ACE, which connects 13 West African countries with Europe, will improve international capacity, bringing opportunities to data center providers; 4G network expansion and 4G service promotion will allow consumers and businesses to leverage 4G services (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line density is less than 1 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular subscribership is roughly 39 per 100 (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 240;&nbsp;landing points for the ACE, Ceiba-1, and Ceiba-2 submarine&nbsp;cables providing communication from Bata&nbsp;and Malabo, Equatorial Guinea&nbsp;to numerous Western African and European countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "the state maintains control of broadcast media; 1 state-owned TV station, 1 private TV station owned by the president's eldest son, 1 state-owned radio station, and 1 private radio station owned by the president's eldest son; satellite TV service is available; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are generally accessible (2019)"
},
@ -1047,7 +1036,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Equatorial Guinea Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas de Guinea Ecuatorial, FAGE): Army, Navy, Air Force; Gendarmerie (Guardia Civil) (2025)",
"text": "Equatorial Guinea Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas de Guinea Ecuatorial, FAGE): Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie (Guardia Civil) (2025)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the National Police report to the Ministry of National Security, while the Gendarmerie reports to the Ministry of National Defense; police generally are responsible for maintaining law and order in the cities, while gendarmes are responsible for security outside cities and for special events"
},
"Military expenditures": {
@ -1068,7 +1057,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 2,000 active military personnel (2025)"
"text": "estimated 2,000 active Armed Forces, including Gendarmerie (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the FAGE is armed with mostly older (typically Soviet-era) and second-hand weapons systems; in recent years, it has sought to modernize its naval inventory with purchases of vessels from several countries, including Bulgaria and Israel; China and Russia have also supplied some equipment to the FAGE (2024)"

13
africa/er.json
View file

@ -917,17 +917,6 @@
"text": "50 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Eritrea&rsquo;s telecom sector operates under a state-owned monopoly for fixed and mobile services; as a result of such restrictions on competition, the country has the least developed telecommunications market in Africa; mobile penetration stands at only about 20%, while fixed-line internet use barely registers; this is exacerbated by the very low use of computers, with only about 4% of households having a computer, and most of these being in the capital, Asmara; the 3G network continues to rollout which provides basic internet access to a limited number of Eritreans who can afford the expensive services; investment in telecom infrastructure is still required to improve the quality of services; the government has embarked on a work program to do exactly that, specifically aimed at extending services to remote areas, improving the quality of services, and ensuring that more telecoms infrastructure is supported by solar power to compensate for the poor state of the electricity network (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line subscribership is less than 2 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular is just over 50 per 100 (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 291 (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "government controls broadcast media, with private ownership prohibited; 1 state-owned TV station; 2 state-owned radio networks; purchases of satellite dishes and subscriptions to international broadcast media are permitted (2023)"
},
@ -1018,7 +1007,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "available information varies widely; estimated 150,000-200,000 personnel (2024)"
"text": "available information varies widely; estimated 150,000-200,000 active EDF (2024)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the EDF's inventory is comprised primarily of Soviet-era weapons and equipment (2024)"

20
africa/et.json
View file

@ -95,7 +95,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Blue Nile river source (shared with Sudan [m]) - 1,600 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Blue Nile river source (shared with Sudan [m]) - 1,600 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: <em>(Mediterranean Sea)</em> Nile (3,254,853 sq km)"
@ -463,7 +463,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Blue Nile river source (shared with Sudan [m]) - 1,600 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Blue Nile river source (shared with Sudan [m]) - 1,600 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: <em>(Mediterranean Sea)</em> Nile (3,254,853 sq km)"
@ -582,8 +582,7 @@
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em><br>2021:</em> SAHLE-WORK Zewde reelected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous); ABIY confirmed Prime Minister by House of Peoples' Representatives (4 October 2021)<br><br><em>2018:</em> SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous); note - snap election held on 25 October 2018 due to resignation of President MULATA Teshome"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> SAHLE-WORK Zewde is the first female elected head of state in Ethiopia"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislative structure": {
@ -1117,17 +1116,6 @@
"text": "56 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Ethio telecom is the major provider, but no longer has a complete monopoly on all telecom services; a consortium led by Kenyan Safaricom launched service in October 2022; the World Bank in early 2021 provided a $200 million loan to help develop the country&rsquo;s digital transformation, while the government has embarked on its 2020-2030 program as well as its Digital Ethiopia 2025 strategy, both aimed at making better use of digital technologies to promote socioeconomic development (2023)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line subscriptions less than 1 per 100 while mobile-cellular stands at a little over 54 per 100 people (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 251; open-wire to Sudan and Djibouti; microwave radio relay to Kenya and Djibouti; 2 domestic satellites provide the national trunk service; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 2 Pacific Ocean) (2016)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "10 public/state broadcasters; 9 public/state radio stations; 13 commercial FM radio stations; 18 commercial TV stations; 45 community radio stations; 5 community TV stations (2023)"
},
@ -1199,7 +1187,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "available information varies widely; estimated 150-300,000 active-duty troops (2025)"
"text": "available information varies widely; estimated 150-300,000 active-duty Defense Force&nbsp; (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the ENDF's major weapons and equipment inventory has traditionally been comprised of Russian, Soviet, and Eastern bloc material; it suffered considerable equipment losses during the 2020-2022 Tigray conflict; in more recent years, Ethiopia has diversified its arms sources to include weapons from China, Israel, Turkey, Ukraine, and the UAE; Ethiopia has a modest industrial defense base centered on small arms and production of armored vehicles under license (2024)"

19
africa/ga.json
View file

@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
"text": "50 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Gambia river mouth (shared with Senegal and Guinea [s]) - 1,094 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Gambia river mouth (shared with Senegal and Guinea [s]) - 1,094 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Senegalo-Mauritanian Basin"
@ -434,7 +434,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Gambia river mouth (shared with Senegal and Guinea [s]) - 1,094 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Gambia river mouth (shared with Senegal and Guinea [s]) - 1,094 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Senegalo-Mauritanian Basin"
@ -988,19 +988,8 @@
"text": "101 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Gambia&rsquo;s telecom market has five mobile networks providing effective competition; mobile subscriptions are well above the African average, itself a testament to the poor condition of the fixed-line infrastructure and the lack of availability of fixed services in many rural areas of the country; there are only four licensed ISPs, which are small networks serving local areas, and so competition is minimal; their limited services are complemented by the fixed-wireless offerings of three of the MNOs; the government has embarked on a National Broadband Network program aimed at closing the digital divide affecting many parts of the country; despite efforts to improve internet connectivity, the country ranks among the lowest globally in terms of digital readiness. (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line subscriptions are 2 per 100 and&nbsp; mobile-cellular teledensity nearly 110 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 220; landing point for the ACE submarine cable to West Africa and Europe; microwave radio relay links to Senegal and Guinea-Bissau;&nbsp;satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "<p>1 state-run TV-channel; one privately owned TV station; 1 online TV station; 3 state-owned and 31 privately owned radio stations; 8 community radio stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available; cable and satellite TV subscription services in some parts of the country </p> (2019)"
"text": "1 state-run TV-channel; one privately owned TV station; 1 online TV station; 3 state-owned and 31 privately owned radio stations; 8 community radio stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available; cable and satellite TV subscription services in some parts of the country (2019)"
},
"Internet country code": {
"text": ".gm"
@ -1081,7 +1070,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 3,000-4,000 active military personnel (2024)"
"text": "estimated 3,000-4,000 active Gambian Armed Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military of Gambia has a limited inventory of mostly older, obsolescent, or donated equipment originating from several suppliers, including Taiwan, Turkey, the UK, and the US (2024)"

15
africa/gb.json
View file

@ -914,7 +914,7 @@
},
"Exchange rates": {
"Currency": {
"text": "Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF) per US dollar -"
"text": "Coop&eacute;ration Financi&egrave;re en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF) per US dollar -"
},
"Exchange rates 2024": {
"text": "606.345 (2024 est.)"
@ -1034,17 +1034,6 @@
"text": "125 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "the telecom market was liberalized in 1999 when the government awarded three mobile telephony licenses and two ISP licenses and established an independent regulatory authority; in contrast with the mobile market, Gabon&rsquo;s fixed-line and internet sectors have remained underdeveloped due to a lack of competition and high prices; the country has sufficient international bandwidth on the SAT-3/WASC/SAFE submarine cable; the arrival of the ACE submarine cable, combined with progressing work on the CAB cable, has increased back haul capacity supporting mobile data traffic (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line 1 per 100 subscriptions; mobile cellular subscriptions are 134 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 241; landing points for the SAT-3/WASC, ACE and Libreville-Port Gentil Cable&nbsp;fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and West Africa; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "2 state-run TV stations and 2 state-run radio stations; a few private radio and TV stations; transmissions of at least 2 international broadcasters are accessible; satellite service subscriptions are available"
},
@ -1135,7 +1124,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 7,000 active-duty troops including the Republican Guard and Gendarmerie (2025)"
"text": "approximately 7,000 active-duty Armed Forces including the Republican Guard and Gendarmerie (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Gabonese military has a mix of older and more modern weapons and equipment from a variety of suppliers including Brazil, China, France, Germany, Russia/former Soviet Union, and South Africa (2024)"

17
africa/gh.json
View file

@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
"text": "360 sq km (2013)"
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Volta river mouth (shared with Burkina Faso [s]) - 1,600 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Volta river mouth (shared with Burkina Faso [s]) - 1,600 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Volta (410,991 sq km)"
@ -445,7 +445,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Volta river mouth (shared with Burkina Faso [s]) - 1,600 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Volta river mouth (shared with Burkina Faso [s]) - 1,600 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Volta (410,991 sq km)"
@ -1069,17 +1069,6 @@
"text": "120 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "challenged by unreliable electricity and shortage of skilled labor, Ghana seeks to extend telecom services nationally; investment in fiber infrastructure and off-grid solutions provide data coverage to over 23 million people; launch of LTE has improved mobile data services, including e-commerce and banking; moderately competitive Internet market, most through mobile networks; international submarine cables, and terrestrial cables have improved Internet capacity; LTE services are widely available; the relatively high cost of 5G-compatible devices also inhibits most subscribers from migrating from 3G and LTE platforms (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line data less than 1 per 100 subscriptions; mobile-cellular subscriptions 123 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 233; landing points for the SAT-3/WASC, MainOne, ACE, WACS and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South and West Africa, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors; GhanaSat-1 nanosatellite launched in 2017 (2017)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "state-owned TV station, 2 state-owned radio networks; several privately owned TV stations and a large number of privately owned radio stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are accessible; several cable and satellite TV subscription services are obtainable"
},
@ -1173,7 +1162,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 15-20,000 active Armed Forces personnel (2025)"
"text": "estimated 15-20,000 active Armed Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory is a mix of older and some newer Chinese, Russian, and Western equipment, including US, which has donated items such as patrol boats; the government in recent years has committed to an increase in funding for equipment acquisitions, including armor, mechanized, and special forces capabilities for the Army, light attack aircraft for the Air Force, and more modern coastal patrol vessels for the Navy (2024)"

28
africa/gv.json
View file

@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
"text": "949 sq km (2017)"
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Niger river source (shared with Mali, and Nigeria [m]) - 4,200 km; Gambie (Gambia) river source (shared with Senegal and The Gambia [m]) - 1,094 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Niger river source (shared with Mali, and Nigeria [m]) - 4,200 km; Gambie (Gambia) river source (shared with Senegal and The Gambia [m]) - 1,094 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Niger (2,261,741 sq km), Senegal (456,397 sq km)"
@ -439,7 +439,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Niger river source (shared with Mali, and Nigeria [m]) - 4,200 km; Gambie (Gambia) river source (shared with Senegal and The Gambia [m]) - 1,094 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Niger river source (shared with Mali, and Nigeria [m]) - 4,200 km; Gambie (Gambia) river source (shared with Senegal and The Gambia [m]) - 1,094 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Niger (2,261,741 sq km), Senegal (456,397 sq km)"
@ -536,20 +536,21 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA (since 1 October 2021)"
"text": "Interim President Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA (since 1 October 2021)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Mamadou Oury BAH (since 27 February 2024)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "formerly the Council of Ministers appointed by the president; note - on 5 September 2021, the military arrested and detained the president, suspended the constitution, and dissolved the government and legislature"
"text": "formerly the Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "formerly, the president was directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term) and the prime minister appointed by the president; election last held on 18 October 2020; note - a new election timetable has not been announced by the transitional government; note - on 5 September 2021, Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA led a military coup in which President CONDE was arrested and detained, the constitution suspended, and the government and People's National Assembly dissolved; on 1 October 2021, DOUMBOUYA was sworn in as transitional president"
"text": "formerly, the president was directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term) and the prime minister appointed by the president; election last held on 18 October 2020"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em><br>2020: </em>Alpha CONDE reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Alpha CONDE (RPG) 59.5%, Cellou Dalein DIALLO (UFDG) 33.5%, other 7%<br><br><em>2015: </em>Alpha CONDE reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Alpha CONDE (RPG) 57.8%, Cellou Dalein DIALLO (UFDG) 31.4%, other 10.8%"
}
},
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> in 2021, the military arrested and detained the president, suspended the constitution, and dissolved the government and legislature<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the transitional government has not announced a new election timetable"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -1004,19 +1005,8 @@
"text": "102 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "the number of mobile subscribers grew strongly while revenue also increased steadily; fixed broadband services are still very limited and expensive, though there have been some positive developments in recent years; the landing of the first international submarine cable in 2012, and the setting up of an IXP in mid-2013, increased the bandwidth available to the ISPs, and helped reduce the cost of internet services for end-users; a National Backbone Network was completed in mid-2020, connecting administrative centers across the country; almost all internet connections are made via mobile networks; GSM services account for a dwindling proportion of connections, in line with the greater reach of services based on 3G and LTE (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity is less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership is just over 105 per 100 persons (2020)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 224; ACE submarine cable connecting Guinea with 20 landing points in Western and South Africa and Europe; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "<p>government maintains control over broadcast media; single state-run TV station; state-run radio also operates several stations in rural areas; a dozen private TV stations; many privately owned radio stations, nearly all in Conakry, and about a dozen community radio stations; foreign TV programming available via satellite and cable subscription services </p> (2022)"
"text": "government maintains control over broadcast media; single state-run TV station; state-run radio also operates several stations in rural areas; a dozen private TV stations; many privately owned radio stations, nearly all in Conakry, and about a dozen community radio stations; foreign TV programming available via satellite and cable subscription services (2022)"
},
"Internet country code": {
"text": ".gn"
@ -1111,7 +1101,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 10-12,000 active Armed Forces personnel (2025)"
"text": "estimated 10-12,000 active Armed Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Guinean military's inventory consists almost entirely of Soviet-era weapons and equipment along with small amounts of secondhand material from China, France, Russia, and South Africa&nbsp; (2024)"

18
africa/iv.json
View file

@ -564,11 +564,12 @@
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single renewable 5-year term; election last held on 31 October 2020 (next to be held in October 2025); vice president elected on same ballot as president; prime minister appointed by the president; note &ndash; because President OUATTARA promulgated the new constitution in 2016, he has claimed that the clock is reset on term limits, allowing him to run for up to two additional terms"
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single renewable 5-year term; election last held on 31 October 2020 (next to be held in October 2025); vice president elected on same ballot as president; prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br><em>2020: </em>Alassane OUATTARA reelected president; percent of vote - Alassane OUATTARA (RDR) 94.3%, Kouadio Konan BERTIN (PDCI-RDA) 2.0%, other 3.7%<br><br><em>2015: </em>Alassane OUATTARA reelected president; percent of vote - Alassane OUATTARA (RDR) 83.7%, Pascal Affi N'GUESSAN (FPI) 9.3%, Konan Bertin KOUADIO (independent) 3.9%, other 3.1%"
}
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> because President OUATTARA promulgated the new constitution in 2016, he has claimed that the clock is reset on term limits, allowing him to run for up to two additional terms"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -1090,17 +1091,6 @@
"text": "174 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "in recent years the government of Ivory Coast has helped develop a competitive telecom sector focused on the provision of converged services, thus allowing operators to offer fixed-line and mobile services under a universal services license regime; the fixed internet and broadband sectors remain underdeveloped; this is a legacy of poor international connectivity, which resulted in high wholesale prices, limited bandwidth, and a lack of access for alternative operators to international infrastructure; these limitations were addressed following the landing of a second cable in November 2011; Orange Group has also launched its 20,000km Djoliba cable system, reaching across eight countries in the region, while the 2Africa submarine cable is being developed by a consortium of companies; with a landing station providing connectivity to C&ocirc;te d'Ivoire, the system is expected to be completed in late 2023 (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "1 per 100 fixed-line teledensity; mobile subscriptions are 162 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 225; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC, ACE, MainOne, and WACS&nbsp;fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and South and West Africa; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "state-controlled Radiodiffusion T&eacute;l&eacute;vision Ivoirienne (RTI) is made up of 2 radio stations (Radio Cote d'Ivoire and Fr&eacute;quence2) and 2 TV stations (RTI1 and RTI2) with nationwide coverage, broadcasting mainly in French; 178 proximity radio stations, 16 religious radio stations, 5 commercial radio stations, and 5 international radio stations; government now runs radio station UNOCIFM, previously owned by the UN Operation in Cote d'Ivoire; in 2016, 4 media companies were granted licenses: Live TV, Optimum Media Cote d'Ivoire, the Audiovisual Company of Cote d'Ivoire (Sedaci), and Sorano-CI (2019)"
},
@ -1195,7 +1185,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 25-30,000 active FACI troops, including Gendarmerie personnel (2025)"
"text": "approximately 25-30,000 active FACI, including Gendarmerie personnel (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the inventory of the FACI consists mostly of older or second-hand equipment, typically of French or Soviet-era origin; Cote d'Ivoire was under a partial UN arms embargo from 2004 to 2016; in recent years it has received some new and secondhand equipment from a variety of suppliers, including Bulgaria, China, France, South Africa, and Turkey (2024)"

13
africa/ke.json
View file

@ -1098,17 +1098,6 @@
"text": "122 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Kenya&rsquo;s telecom market continues to undergo considerable changes in the wake of increased competition, improved international connectivity, and rapid developments in the mobile market; the country is directly connected to a number of submarine cables, and with Mombasa through a terrestrial network, the country serves as a key junction for onward connectivity to the Arabian states and the Far East; numerous competitors are rolling out national and metropolitan backbone networks and wireless access networks to deliver services to population centers across the country; several fiber infrastructure sharing agreements have been forged, and as a result the number of fiber broadband connections has increased sharply in recent years; much of the progress in the broadband segment is due to the government&rsquo;s revised national broadband strategy, which has been updated with goals through to 2030, and which are largely dependent on mobile broadband platforms based on LTE and 5G (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line subscriptions stand at less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscriptions at 123 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 254; landing point for the EASSy, TEAMS, LION2, DARE1, PEACE Cable, and SEACOM fiber-optic submarine cable systems covering East, North&nbsp;and South Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat; launched first micro satellites in 2018 (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "about a half-dozen large, privately owned media companies with TV and radio stations, as well as a state-owned TV broadcaster, provide service nationwide; satellite and cable TV subscription services available; state-owned radio broadcaster operates 2 national radio channels and provides regional and local radio services in multiple languages; many private radio stations broadcast nationally, with over 100 private and non-profit regional stations broadcasting in local languages; TV transmissions of all major international broadcasters available, mostly via paid subscriptions (2019)"
},
@ -1202,7 +1191,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 25,000 active KDF personnel (2025)"
"text": "approximately 25,000 active Kenya Defense Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the KDF's inventory is a mix of older, donated/secondhand, and some modern weapon systems from a variety of sources; major suppliers have included China, France, South Africa, Turkey, the UK, and the US; in late 2023, the Kenyan Government unveiled a five-year spending plan to procure upgraded military equipment, including aerial surveillance drones, tactical vehicles, and air defense systems (2024)"

18
africa/li.json
View file

@ -523,11 +523,12 @@
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president, confirmed by the Senate"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 10 October 2023 with a runoff on 14 November 2023 (next to be held in October 2029) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 10 October 2023 with a runoff on 14 November 2023 (next to be held in October 2029)&nbsp;"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em><br>2023:</em> Joseph BOAKAI elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - George WEAH (CDC) 43.8%, Joseph BOAKAI (UP) 43.4%, Edward APPLETON (GDM) 2.2%, Lusinee KAMARA (ALCOP) 2%, Alexander B. CUMMINGS, Jr. (CPP) 1.6%, Tiawan Saye GONGLOE (LPP) 1.4%, other 5.6%; percentage of vote in second round - Joseph BOAKAI 50.6%, George WEAH 49.4%<br><br><em>2017:</em> George WEAH elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - George WEAH (Coalition for Democratic Change) 38.4%, Joseph BOAKAI (UP) 28.8%, Charles BRUMSKINE (LP) 9.6%, Prince JOHNSON (MDR) 8.2%, Alexander B. CUMMINGS (ANC) 7.2%, other 7.8%; percentage of vote in second round - George WEAH 61.5%, Joseph BOAKAI 38.5%"
}
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the president is both chief of state and head of government"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -1013,17 +1014,6 @@
"text": "32 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Liberia has a telecom market which is mainly based on mobile networks; this is due to the civil war which destroyed much of the fixed-line infrastructure; to facilitate LTC Mobile&rsquo;s market entry, the government in January 2022 set in train amendments to telecom legislation; internet services are available from a number of wireless ISPs as well as the mobile operators; the high cost and limited bandwidth of connections means that internet access is expensive and rates are very low; additional bandwidth is available from an international submarine cable but considerable investment is still needed in domestic fixed-line infrastructure before end-users can make full use of the cable (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line less than 1 per 100; mobile-cellular subscriptions are 32 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 231; landing point for the ACE submarine cable&nbsp;linking 20 West&nbsp;African countries and Europe;&nbsp;satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "8 private and 1 state-owned TV station; satellite TV service available; 1 state-owned radio station; about 20 independent radio stations broadcasting in Monrovia, with about 80 more local stations operating in other areas; transmissions of 4 international broadcasters are available (2019)"
},
@ -1117,7 +1107,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 2,000 active AFL personnel (2025)"
"text": "approximately 2,000 active Armed Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military has a limited inventory; in recent years, it has received small quantities of equipment, including donations, from countries such as China and the US (2024)"

22
africa/lt.json
View file

@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
"text": "12 sq km (2013)"
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Orange river source (shared with South Africa and Namibia [m]) - 2,092 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Orange river source (shared with South Africa and Namibia [m]) - 2,092 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Orange (941,351 sq km)"
@ -435,7 +435,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Orange river source (shared with South Africa and Namibia [m]) - 2,092 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Orange river source (shared with South Africa and Namibia [m]) - 2,092 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Orange (941,351 sq km)"
@ -544,8 +544,9 @@
"text": "consists of the prime minister, appointed by the King on the advice of the Council of State, the deputy prime minister, and 18 other ministers; the prime minister is the leader of the majority party or majority coalition in the National Assembly"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary, but under the terms of the constitution that came into effect after the March 1993 election, the monarch is a \"living symbol of national unity\" with no executive or legislative powers; under traditional law, the College of Chiefs has the power to depose the monarch, to determine next in line of succession, or to serve as regent in the event that a successor is not of mature age<br>note - King LETSIE III formerly occupied the throne from November 1990 to February 1995 while his father was in exile"
}
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary, but under the terms of the constitution that came into effect after the March 1993 election, the monarch is a \"living symbol of national unity\" with no executive or legislative powers; under traditional law, the College of Chiefs has the power to depose the monarch, to determine next in line of succession, or to serve as regent in the event that a successor is not of mature age"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> King LETSIE III previously occupied the throne from November 1990 to February 1995 while his father was in exile"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -1051,17 +1052,6 @@
"text": "68 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "until late 2020, Lesotho&rsquo;s telecom regulator maintained a market duopoly which is focused on fixed-line services; competition was insufficient to promote effective price reductions for consumers, while the regulator had no mechanisms in place to monitor the telcos to ensure quality of service and fair pricing for consumers; the small size of the country&rsquo;s population provided little incentive for new players to enter the market; a positive outcome for consumers was the deployment in early 2021 of a service to monitor traffic and billing; this ended the practice whereby the regulator was dependent on telcos submitting data about their performance, billing, and other matters; the regulator has also turned its attention to addressing multiple SIM ownership and stemming incidences of crimes committed using unregistered SIMs; in May 2022, it instructed the country&rsquo;s Mobile Network Operators to begin registering SIM cards on their networks from the following month; fixed-wireless 5G trials began in early 2019 (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line is less than 1 per 100 subscriptions; mobile-cellular service subscribership is 80 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 266; Internet accessibility has improved with several submarine fiber optic cables that land on African east and west coasts, but the country's land locked position makes access prices expensive; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 state-owned TV station and 2 state-owned radio stations; most private broadcast media transmitters are connected to government radio signal towers; satellite TV subscription service available; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters obtainable (2019)"
},
@ -1113,7 +1103,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 2,000 active personnel (2025)"
"text": "approximately 2,000 active Defense Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the LDF is lightly armed and has a small inventory of mostly older or second-hand equipment of European, South African, and US origin (2025)"

11
africa/ly.json
View file

@ -948,17 +948,6 @@
"text": "205 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "political and security instability in Libya has disrupted its telecom sector; much of its infrastructure remains superior to that in most other African countries; rival operators fight for control; investment in fiber backbone and upgrades to international cables; limited LTE and 5G service; some satellite broadband; in 2021 Libya signed deals and projects with US firms to upgrade portions of its infrastructure, increasing the diversity of its telecommunications networks (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "nearly 23 per 100 fixed-line and over 43 per 100 mobile-cellular subscriptions; service generally adequate (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 218; landing points for LFON, EIG, Italy-Libya, Silphium and Tobrok-Emasaed&nbsp;submarine cable system connecting Europe, Africa, the Middle East and Asia; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat, Arabsat, and Intersputnik;&nbsp; microwave radio relay to Tunisia and Egypt; tropospheric scatter to Greece; participant in Medarabtel (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "state-funded and private TV stations; some provinces operate local TV stations; pan-Arab satellite TV stations are available; state-funded radio (2019)"
},

13
africa/ma.json
View file

@ -1021,17 +1021,6 @@
"text": "70 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "internet service is fast compared to other African countries, and telecom services in Madagascar have benefited from intensifying competition between the main operators; there have been positive developments with the country&rsquo;s link to international submarine cables, particularly the METISS cable connecting to South Africa and Mauritius; in addition, the country&rsquo;s connection to the Africa-1 cable, which arrived in 2023, provides links to Kenya, Djibouti, countries in north and south Africa, as well as Pakistan, the UAE, Saudi Arabia, and France; a national fiber backbone has been implemented connecting the major cities, however much of the fiber in country has been installed by Huawei, which also manages data centers for the government; in addition, the government has progressed with its five-year plan to develop a digital platform running to 2024; various schemes within the program have been managed by a unit within the President&rsquo;s office; penetration rates in all market sectors remain below the average for the African region, and so there remains considerable growth potential; much progress was made in 2020, stimulated by the particular conditions related to the pandemic, which encouraged greater use of voice and data services (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "less than 1 per 100 for fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity about 56 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 261; landing points for the EASSy, METISS, and LION fiber-optic submarine cable systems connecting to numerous Indian Ocean Islands, South Africa, and Eastern African countries; satellite earth stations - 2 (1 Intelsat - Indian Ocean, 1 Intersputnik - Atlantic Ocean region) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "state-owned Radio Nationale Malagasy (RNM) and Television Malagasy (TVM) have an extensive national network reach; privately owned radio and TV broadcasters in cities and major towns; state-run radio dominates in rural areas; relays of 2 international broadcasters are available in Antananarivo (2019)"
},
@ -1122,7 +1111,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 13,000 Armed Forces personnel; estimated 10,000 Gendarmerie (2025)"
"text": "estimated 13,000 Armed Forces; estimated 10,000 Gendarmerie (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory consists mostly of older or secondhand weapons and equipment originating from countries such as France, South Africa, the UAE, the UK, and the former Soviet Union (2024)"

22
africa/mi.json
View file

@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s], Angola, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Tanzania, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s], Angola, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Tanzania, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km)<br>Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)"
@ -455,7 +455,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s], Angola, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Tanzania, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s], Angola, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Tanzania, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km)<br>Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)"
@ -564,11 +564,12 @@
"text": "Cabinet named by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 23 June 2020 (next to be held in June 2025) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 23 June 2020 (next to be held in June 2025)&nbsp;"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br><em>2020: </em>Lazarus CHAKWERA elected president; Lazarus CHAKWERA (MCP) 59.3%, Peter Mutharika (DPP) 39.9%, other 0.8% <p><em>2014:</em> Peter MUTHARIKA elected president; percent of vote - Peter MUTHARIKA (DPP) 36.4%, Lazarus CHAKWERA (MCP) 27.8%, Joyce BANDA (PP) 20.2%, Atupele MULUZI (UDF) 13.7%, other 1.9% </p>"
}
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the president is both chief of state and head of government"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -1035,17 +1036,6 @@
"text": "60 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "with few resources, Malawi is one of the world&rsquo;s least developed countries; there has been little investment in fixed-line telecom infrastructure, and as a result, the country&rsquo;s two mobile networks Airtel Malawi and TMN provide the vast majority of connections for voice and data services; both operators have invested in LTE technologies to improve the quality of data services; the lack of market competition, together with limited international internet bandwidth, has also resulted in some of the highest prices for telecom services in the region; the government in late 2020 secured an average 80% reduction in the cost of data bundles offered by the MNOs; following continuing customer complaints, the regulator in mid-2021 ensured that costs were again reduced, this time by about a third; mobile penetration remains low in comparison to the regional average and so there are considerable opportunities for further growth, particularly in the mobile broadband sector, though there is the possibility that a new play come launch services by the end of 2022; the internet sector is reasonably competitive, with about 50 licensed ISPs, though the limited availability and high cost of international bandwidth has held back growth and kept broadband access prices among the highest in the region; these limitations are being addressed, with the second phase of the national fiber backbone having started in mid-2021 (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "limited fixed-line subscribership less than 1 per 100 households; mobile-cellular subscribership roughly 60 per 100 households (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 265; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean, 1 Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "radio is the main broadcast medium; privately owned Zodiak radio has the widest national reach, followed by state-run radio; numerous private and community radio stations broadcast in cities and towns; the largest TV network is state-owned, but at least 4 private TV networks broadcast in urban areas; relays of multiple international broadcasters are available (2019)"
},
@ -1105,7 +1095,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 10,000 active military personnel (2025)"
"text": "estimated 10,000 active Malawi Defense Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the MDF's inventory is a mix of mostly older or secondhand equipment originating from such countries as France, South Africa, and the UK&nbsp; (2024)"

21
africa/ml.json
View file

@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Niger (shared with Guinea [s], Niger, and Nigeria [m]) - 4,200 km; Senegal (shared with Guinea [s], Senegal, and Mauritania [m]) - 1,641 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Niger (shared with Guinea [s], Niger, and Nigeria [m]) - 4,200 km; Senegal (shared with Guinea [s], Senegal, and Mauritania [m]) - 1,641 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Niger (2,261,741 sq km), Senegal (456,397 sq km), Volta (410,991 sq km)"
@ -453,7 +453,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Niger (shared with Guinea [s], Niger, and Nigeria [m]) - 4,200 km; Senegal (shared with Guinea [s], Senegal, and Mauritania [m]) - 1,641 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Niger (shared with Guinea [s], Niger, and Nigeria [m]) - 4,200 km; Senegal (shared with Guinea [s], Senegal, and Mauritania [m]) - 1,641 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Niger (2,261,741 sq km), Senegal (456,397 sq km), Volta (410,991 sq km)"
@ -562,12 +562,12 @@
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 29 July 2018 with runoff on 12 August 2018; prime minister appointed by the president; note - on 21 February 2022, the transition government adopted a charter allowing transition authorities to rule for up to 5 years, but a referendum pushed through by the junta in June 2023 consolidated power in the presidency and would allow junta leaders to serve in a new government, creating the potential for transition President GOITA to maintain his hold on power indefinitely"
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 29 July 2018 with runoff on 12 August 2018; prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em><br>2018</em>: Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA reelected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA (RPM) 41.7%, Soumaila CISSE (URD) 17.8%, other 40.5%; percent of vote in second round - Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA 67.2%, Soumaila CISSE 32.8%<br><br><em>2013</em>: Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA (RPM) 39.8%, Soumaila CISSE (URD) 19.7%, other 40.5%; percent of vote in second round - Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA (RPM) 77.6%, Soumaila CISSE (URD) 22.4%"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> an August 2020 coup d'état deposed President Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA; on 21 September 2020, a group of 17 electors chosen by the Malian military junta, known as the National Committee for the Salvation of the People (CNSP) and led by Colonel Assimi GOITA, selected Bah NDAW as transition president; GOITA served as vice president of the transition government which was inaugurated on 25 September 2020; Vice President GOITA seized power on 25 May 2021; NDAW resigned on 26 May 2021; on 6 June 2022, GOITA's government announced a transition period of 24 months with a planned return to civilian rule by March 2024"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in 2022, the transition government adopted a charter allowing transition authorities to rule for up to 5 years, but the military junta pushed through a referendum in 2023 that created the potential for transition President GOITA to maintain his hold on power indefinitely"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -1036,17 +1036,6 @@
"text": "114 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Mali&rsquo;s telecom systems are challenged by recent conflict, geography, areas of low population, poverty, security issues, and high illiteracy; telecom infrastructure is barely adequate in urban areas and not available in most of the country with underinvestment in fixed-line networks; high mobile penetration and potential for mobile broadband service; local plans for IXP; dependent on neighboring countries for international bandwidth and access to submarine cables (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line subscribership is 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to 100 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 223; satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2020)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "national public TV broadcaster; 2 privately owned companies provide subscription services to foreign multi-channel TV packages; national public radio broadcaster supplemented by a large number of privately owned and community broadcast stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available (2019)"
},
@ -1109,7 +1098,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "information varies; estimated 35-40,000 active FAMa, Gendarmerie, and National Guard personnel (2025)"
"text": "information varies; estimated 35-40,000 active FAMa, Gendarmerie, and National Guard (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the FAMa's inventory includes a large amount of Soviet-era weapons and equipment along with smaller quantities of secondhand and some more modern material from a variety of other countries, including China, Czechia, France, Russia, Turkey, and the UAE (2024)"

16
africa/mo.json
View file

@ -1117,17 +1117,6 @@
"text": "137 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "national network nearly 100% digital using fiber-optic links; improved rural service employs microwave radio relay; one of the most state-of-the-art markets in Africa; high mobile penetration rates in the region with low cost for broadband Internet access; improvement in LTE reach and capabilities; service providers have all successfully completed 5G proofs of concept and are currently lining up 5G equipment providers for both radio and core technology; regulatory agency expects to conduct the 5G spectrum auction in 2023; mobile Internet accounts for 93% of all Internet connections; World Bank provided funds for Morocco&rsquo;s digital transformation; government supported digital education during pandemic; submarine cables and satellite provide connectivity to Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Europe, and Australia (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity is 7 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular subscribership is 139 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 212; landing point for the Atlas Offshore, Estepona-Tetouan, Canalink&nbsp;and SEA-ME-WE-3 fiber-optic telecommunications undersea cables that provide connectivity to Asia,&nbsp;Africa,&nbsp;the Middle East, Europe and Australia; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; microwave radio relay to Gibraltar, Spain, and Western Sahara (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "2 TV broadcast networks with state-run Radio-Television Marocaine (RTM) operating one network and the state partially owning the other; foreign TV is available via satellite dish; 3 radio broadcast networks, with RTM operating one; the state-owned network includes 10 regional radio channels in addition to its national service (2019)"
},
@ -1146,9 +1135,6 @@
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "6 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Communications - note": {
"text": "the University of al-Quarawiyyin Library in Fez is recognized as the oldest existing, continually operating library in the world, dating back to A.D. 859; among its holdings are approximately 4,000 ancient Islamic manuscripts"
}
},
"Transportation": {
@ -1224,7 +1210,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 220,000 active Armed Forces personnel (175,000 Army; 10,000 Navy; 15,000 Air Force, 20,000 Gendarmerie) (2025)"
"text": "estimated 220,000 active Armed Forces (175,000 Army; 10,000 Navy; 15,000 Air Force, 20,000 Gendarmerie) (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Moroccan military's inventory is comprised of mostly older French and US equipment, although in recent years it has embarked on a modernization program and received quantities of more modern equipment from a variety of countries, particularly France, Spain, and the US (2024)"

13
africa/mp.json
View file

@ -1001,19 +1001,8 @@
"text": "161 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "the telecom sector in Mauritius has long been supported by the varied needs of tourists; this has stimulated the mobile market, leading to a particularly high penetration rate; the response of the country&rsquo;s telcos to tourist requirements also contributed to the country being among the first in the region to provide services based on 3G and WiMAX technologies; the incumbent telco provides comprehensive LTE and fiber broadband coverage, and in late 2021 it launched a gigabit fiber-based broadband service; the country has seen improved international internet capacity in recent years, with direct cables linking to India, Madagascar, and South Africa, as well as other connections to Rodrigues and Reunion; mobile subscribers in Mauritius secured 5G services in mid-2021;&nbsp; this followed the regulator&rsquo;s award of spectrum in two bands to the MNOs (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity over 36 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular services teledensity 152 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 230; landing points for the SAFE, MARS, IOX Cable System, METISS&nbsp;and LION submarine cable system that provides links to Asia, Africa, Southeast Asia, Indian Ocean Islands of Reunion, Madagascar, and Mauritius; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean); new microwave link to Reunion; HF radiotelephone links to several countries (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "the Mauritius Broadcasting Corporation (MBC) is the national public TV and radio broadcaster, with programming in French, English, Hindi, Creole, and Chinese; MBC provides 17 television channels in Mauritius;  9 FM radio stations and 2 AM radio stations<br> (2022)"
"text": "the Mauritius Broadcasting Corporation (MBC) is the national public TV and radio broadcaster, with programming in French, English, Hindi, Creole, and Chinese; MBC provides 17 television channels in Mauritius;&nbsp; 9 FM radio stations and 2 AM radio stations (2022)"
},
"Internet country code": {
"text": ".mu"

17
africa/mr.json
View file

@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
"text": "450 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Senegal river mouth (shared with Guinea [s], Senegal and Mali) - 1,641 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Senegal river mouth (shared with Guinea [s], Senegal and Mali) - 1,641 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Niger (2,261,741 sq km), Senegal (456,397 sq km)"
@ -461,7 +461,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Senegal river mouth (shared with Guinea [s], Senegal and Mali) - 1,641 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Senegal river mouth (shared with Guinea [s], Senegal and Mali) - 1,641 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Niger (2,261,741 sq km), Senegal (456,397 sq km)"
@ -1040,17 +1040,6 @@
"text": "113 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Mauritania&rsquo;s small population and low economic output has limited the country&rsquo;s ability to develop sustained growth in the telecom sector; low disposable income has restricted growth in the use of services; this has impacted their ability to invest in network upgrades and improvements to service offerings; this has been reflected in the repeated fines imposed against them by the regulator for failing to ensure a good quality of service; there are also practical challenges related to transparency and tax burdens which have hindered foreign investment; financial support has been forthcoming from the government as well as the World Bank and European Investment Bank; their efforts have focused on implementing appropriate regulatory measures and promoting the further penetration of fixed-line broadband services by improving the national backbone network, ensuring connectivity to international telecom cables, and facilitating operator access to infrastructure; progress has been made to improve internet bandwidth capacity, including the completion of a cable link at the border with Algeria, and the connection to the EllaLink submarine cable; the final stage of the national backbone network was completed in December 2021, which now runs to some 4,000km; penetration of fixed telephony and broadband service is very low and is expected to remain so in coming years, though growth is anticipated following improvements to backbone infrastructure and the reduction in access pricing; most voice and data services are carried over the mobile networks (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity of roughly 141 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 222; landing point for the ACE submarine cable for connectivity&nbsp;to 19 West African countries and 2 European countries; satellite earth stations - 3 (1 Intelsat - Atlantic Ocean, 2 Arabsat) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "12 TV stations, 6 state-owned and 6 private; 19 radio broadcasters, including 15 state-owned and 4 (Radio Nouakchott Libre, Radio Tenwir, Radio Kobeni and Mauritanid) private; of the 15 government stations, 4 broadcast from Nouakchott (Radio Mauritanie, Radio Jeunesse, Radio Koran and Mauritanid) and the other 12 broadcast from each of the 12 regions outside Nouakchott (2022)"
},
@ -1144,7 +1133,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 17,000 Mauritanian Armed Forces personnel; estimated 3,000 Gendarmerie (2025)"
"text": "estimated 17,000 active Mauritanian Armed Forces; estimated 3,000 Gendarmerie (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory is limited and made up largely of older French and Soviet-era equipment; in recent years, Mauritania has received some secondhand and new military equipment, including unmanned aircraft (drones), from several suppliers, including China and the UAE (2024)"

17
africa/mz.json
View file

@ -96,7 +96,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Rio Zambeze (Zambezi) river mouth (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe) - 2,740 km; Rio Limpopo river mouth (shared with South Africa [s], Botswana, and Zimbabwe) - 1,800 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Rio Zambeze (Zambezi) river mouth (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe) - 2,740 km; Rio Limpopo river mouth (shared with South Africa [s], Botswana, and Zimbabwe) - 1,800 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)"
@ -448,7 +448,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Rio Zambeze (Zambezi) river mouth (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe) - 2,740 km; Rio Limpopo river mouth (shared with South Africa [s], Botswana, and Zimbabwe) - 1,800 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Rio Zambeze (Zambezi) river mouth (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe) - 2,740 km; Rio Limpopo river mouth (shared with South Africa [s], Botswana, and Zimbabwe) - 1,800 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)"
@ -1068,17 +1068,6 @@
"text": "42 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "one of the first countries in the region to embark upon telecom reform and to open the sector to competition; the mobile segment in particular has shown strong growth; additional competition followed in late 2020; a new licensing regime ensured that by mid-2019 all operators had been provided with universal licenses, enabling them to offer all types of telephony and data services; mobile, fixed-line and broadband penetration rates remain far below the average for the region; in recent years the government has enforced the registration of SIM cards, but with varying success; at the end of 2016 almost five million unregistered SIM cards were deactivated but poor monitoring meant that the process was revisited in mid-2019 and again in late 2020; the high cost of international bandwidth had long hampered internet use, though the landing of two international submarine cables (SEACOM and EASSy) has reduced the cost of bandwidth and so led to drastic reductions in broadband retail prices as well as a significant jump in available bandwidth; there is some cross-platform competition, with DSL, cable, fibre, WiMAX, and mobile broadband options available, though fixed broadband options can be limited to urban areas; improvements can be expected from the ongoing rollout of a national fiber backbone networks and of upgrades to mobile infrastructure (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and nearly 43 per 100 mobile-cellular teledensity (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 258; landing points for the EASSy and SEACOM/ Tata TGN-Eurasia fiber-optic submarine cable systems linking numerous&nbsp;east African&nbsp;countries, the Middle East and Asia&nbsp;; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 3 Indian Ocean); TdM contracts for Itelsat for satellite broadband and bulk haul services (2020)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 state-run TV station supplemented by a private TV station; Portuguese state TV's African service, RTP Africa, and Brazilian-owned TV Miramar are available; state-run radio provides nearly 100% territorial coverage and broadcasts in multiple languages; a number of privately owned and community-operated stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available (2019)"
},
@ -1169,7 +1158,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 12,000 active FADM personnel (2025)"
"text": "estimated 12,000 active FADM (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the FADM's inventory consists primarily of Russian and Soviet-era equipment, although in recent years it has received some more modern equipment from a variety of countries, mostly as aid/donations (2024)"

17
africa/ng.json
View file

@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Niger (shared with Guinea [s], Mali, Benin, and Nigeria [m]) - 4,200 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Niger (shared with Guinea [s], Mali, Benin, and Nigeria [m]) - 4,200 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Niger (2,261,741 sq km)<br>Internal <em>(endorheic basin) </em>drainage: Lake Chad (2,497,738 sq km)"
@ -447,7 +447,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Niger (shared with Guinea [s], Mali, Benin, and Nigeria [m]) - 4,200 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Niger (shared with Guinea [s], Mali, Benin, and Nigeria [m]) - 4,200 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Niger (2,261,741 sq km)<br>Internal <em>(endorheic basin) </em>drainage: Lake Chad (2,497,738 sq km)"
@ -1021,17 +1021,6 @@
"text": "56 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Niger is one of the largest countries in West Africa but also one of the poorest in the world; as with many African markets, a lack of fixed telecoms infrastructure has led to growth in mobile services; Niger&rsquo;s mobile penetration is modest compared to other countries in the region, while fixed broadband penetration is negligible; recent international investment to complete the Trans-Saharan Dorsal optical fiber (SDR) network has extended the reach of fiber infrastructure in the country, and also increased international capacity; new cables linking the country with Chad and Burkina Faso have extended Niger&rsquo;s connectivity with international cable infrastructure (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line less than 1 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular at nearly 56 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 227; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "state-run TV station; 3 private TV stations provide a mix of local and foreign programming; state-run radio has the only radio station with national coverage; about 30 private local radio stations; as many as 100 community radio stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available"
},
@ -1083,7 +1072,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 35-40,000 active FAN troops, including Gendarmerie; estimated 5-10,000 National Guard personnel (2025)",
"text": "estimated 35-40,000 active Nigerien Armed Forces, including Gendarmerie; estimated 5-10,000 National Guard (2025)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in 2020, the Nigerien Government announced it intended to increase the size of the FAN to 50,000 by 2025 and 100,000 by 2030"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {

19
africa/ni.json
View file

@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Niger river mouth (shared with Guinea [s], Mali, Benin, and Niger) - 4,200 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Niger river mouth (shared with Guinea [s], Mali, Benin, and Niger) - 4,200 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Niger (2,261,741 sq km)<br>Internal <em>(endorheic basin) </em>drainage: Lake Chad (2,497,738 sq km)"
@ -447,7 +447,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Niger river mouth (shared with Guinea [s], Mali, Benin, and Niger) - 4,200 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Niger river mouth (shared with Guinea [s], Mali, Benin, and Niger) - 4,200 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Niger (2,261,741 sq km)<br>Internal <em>(endorheic basin) </em>drainage: Lake Chad (2,497,738 sq km)"
@ -555,7 +555,7 @@
"election results": {
"text": "<br><em>2023:</em> Bola Ahmed Adekunle TINUBU elected president; percent of vote - Bola Ahmed Adekunle TINUBU (APC) 36.6%, Atiku ABUBAKAR (PDP) 29.1%, Peter OBI (LP) 25.4%, Rabiu KWANKWASO (NNPP) 6.4%, other 2.5%<br><br><em>2019: </em>Muhammadu BUHARI elected president; percent of vote - Muhammadu BUHARI (APC) 53%, Atiku ABUBAKAR (PDP) 39%, other 8% <p> </p>"
},
"note": "<strong>Note </strong>- the president is chief of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief of the armed forces"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the president is chief of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief of the armed forces"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -1111,17 +1111,6 @@
"text": "102 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "one of the larger telecom markets in Africa subject to sporadic access to electricity and vandalism of infrastructure; most Internet connections are via mobile networks; market competition with affordable access; LTE technologies available but GSM is dominant; mobile penetration high due to use of multiple SIM cards and phones; government committed to expanding broadband penetration; operators to deploy fiber optic cable in six geopolitical zones and Lagos; operators invested in base stations to deplete network congestion; submarine cable break in 2020 slowed speeds and interrupted connectivity; Nigeria concluded its first 5G spectrum auction in 2021 and granted licenses to two firms; construction of 5G infrastructure has not yet been completed (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership is 91 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 234; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC, NCSCS,&nbsp; MainOne, Glo-1 &amp; 2, ACE, and Equiano&nbsp;fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and South and West Africa; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "nearly 70 federal government-controlled national and regional TV stations; all 36 states operate TV stations; several private TV stations; cable and satellite TV subscription services are available; network of federal government-controlled national, regional, and state radio stations; roughly 40 state government-owned radio stations; about 20 private radio stations; transmissions of international broadcasters are available; transition to digital completed in three states in 2018 (2019)"
},
@ -1219,7 +1208,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "information varies; estimated 150,000 active armed forces personnel (2025)"
"text": "information varies; estimated 150,000 active Armed Forces&nbsp; (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory consists of a wide variety of imported weapons systems of Chinese, European, Middle Eastern, Russian (including Soviet-era), and US origin; the military is undergoing a modernization program, and in recent years has received equipment from a range of suppliers, including Brazil, China, France, Italy, Russia, Turkey, and the US; Nigeria is also developing a defense-industry capacity, including small arms, armored personnel vehicles, and small-scale naval production (2024)"

19
africa/od.json
View file

@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
"text": "1,000 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km), <em>(Mediterranean Sea)</em> Nile (3,254,853 sq km)"
@ -382,7 +382,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km), <em>(Mediterranean Sea)</em> Nile (3,254,853 sq km)"
@ -925,19 +925,8 @@
"text": "30 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "following a referendum, oil-rich South Sudan seceded from Sudan in 2011 and became an independent nation; having been deprived of investment for decades, it inherited one of the least developed telecom markets in the world; there was once investment activity among mobile network operators who sought to expand their networks in some areas of the country; operators in the telecom sector placed themselves in survival mode and are hoping for a political settlement and a return to some degree of social stability; South Sudan has one of the lowest mobile penetration rates in Africa; growth in the sector in coming years is premised on a resolution to the political crisis and a recovery of the country&rsquo;s economy; the virtually untapped internet and broadband market also depends to a large extent on the country gaining access to international fiber cables and on a national backbone network being in place; sophisticated infrastructure solutions are needed to reach the 80% of the population that live outside of the main urban centers; some improvement has followed from the cable link in February 2020 which connects Juba directly to the company&rsquo;s submarine landing station at Mombasa; the cable was South Sudan&rsquo;s first direct international fiber link, and has helped drive down the price of retail internet services for residential and business customers; a second cable linking to the border with Kenya was completed in December 2021 (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line less than 1 per 100 subscriptions, mobile-cellular is 30 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 211 (2017)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "<p>1 state-controlled TV channel and radio station; several community and commercial FM stations, mostly sponsored by outside aid donors; some foreign radio broadcasts available</p> (2019)"
"text": "1 state-controlled TV channel and radio station; several community and commercial FM stations, mostly sponsored by outside aid donors; some foreign radio broadcasts available (2019)"
},
"Internet country code": {
"text": ".ss"
@ -996,7 +985,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "information varies; the SSPDF has an estimated 150-200,000 active personnel (2025)",
"text": "information varies; estimated 150-200,000 active Defense Forces (2025)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>some active SSPDF personnel may be militia; the National/Necessary Unified Forces (NUF) are expected to have up to 80,000 personnel when training and integration is completed; the first batch of approximately 20,000 NUF personnel completed training in late 2022"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {

20
africa/pu.json
View file

@ -523,11 +523,12 @@
"text": "Cabinet nominated by the prime minister, appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for up to 2 consecutive 5-year terms; election last held on 24 November 2019 with a runoff on 29 December 2019 (next to be held in 2024); prime minister appointed by the president after consultation with party leaders in the National People's Assembly; note - the president cannot apply for a third consecutive term; note - President EMBALO was declared winner of the 29 December 2019 runoff presidential election by the electoral commission; in late February 2020, EMBALO inaugurated himself with only military leadership present, even though the Supreme Court of Justice had yet to rule on an electoral litigation appeal lodged by his political rival Domingos Simoes PEREIRA"
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for up to 2 consecutive 5-year terms; election last held on 24 November 2019 with a runoff on 29 December 2019 (next to be held in 2025); prime minister appointed by the president after consultation with party leaders in the National People's Assembly"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em><br>2019:</em> Umaro Sissoco EMBALO elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Domingos Simoes PEREIRA (PAIGC) 40.1%, Umaro Sissoco EMBALO (Madem G15) 27.7%, Nuno Gomez NABIAM (APU-PDGB) 13.2%, Jose Mario VAZ (independent) 12.4%, other 6.6%; percent of vote in second round - Umaro Sissoco EMBALO 53.6%, Domingos Simoes PEREIRA 46.5%<br><br><em>2014:</em> Jose Mario VAZ elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jose Mario VAZ (PAIGC) 41%, Nuno Gomez NABIAM (independent) 25.1%, other 33.9%; percent of vote in second round - Jose Mario VAZ 61.9%, Nuno Gomez NABIAM 38.1%  (2019)"
}
"text": "<em><br>2019:</em> Umaro Sissoco EMBALO elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Domingos Simoes PEREIRA (PAIGC) 40.1%, Umaro Sissoco EMBALO (Madem G15) 27.7%, Nuno Gomez NABIAM (APU-PDGB) 13.2%, Jose Mario VAZ (independent) 12.4%, other 6.6%; percent of vote in second round - Umaro Sissoco EMBALO 53.6%, Domingos Simoes PEREIRA 46.5%<br><br><em>2014:</em> Jose Mario VAZ elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jose Mario VAZ (PAIGC) 41%, Nuno Gomez NABIAM (independent) 25.1%, other 33.9%; percent of vote in second round - Jose Mario VAZ 61.9%, Nuno Gomez NABIAM 38.1% (2019)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> President EMBALO was declared winner of the 2019 runoff presidential election by the electoral commission; in 2020, EMBALO inaugurated himself with only military leadership present, even though the Supreme Court of Justice had yet to rule on an electoral litigation appeal "
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -960,17 +961,6 @@
"text": "126 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "small system including a combination of microwave radio relay, open-wire lines, radiotelephone, and mobile cellular communications; 2 mobile network operators; one of the poorest countries in the world and this is reflected in the country's telecommunications development; radio is the most important source of information for the public (2020)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile cellular teledensity is just over 109 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 245; ACE submarine cable connecting Guinea-Bissau with 20 landing points in Western and South Africa and Europe (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 state-owned TV station, Televisao da Guine-Bissau (TGB) and a second station, Radio e Televisao de Portugal (RTP) Africa, operated by Portuguese public broadcaster (RTP); 1 state-owned radio station, several private radio stations, and some community radio stations; multiple international broadcasters are available (2019)"
},
@ -1053,7 +1043,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 4,000 active FARP personnel (2025)"
"text": "estimated 4,000 active FARP (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the FARP is outfitted mostly with Soviet-era weapons and equipment, along with a handful of secondhand items from France and Spain (2024)"

22
africa/rw.json
View file

@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Nile river source (shared with Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Nile river source (shared with Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km), <em>(Mediterranean Sea)</em> Nile (3,254,853 sq km)"
@ -439,7 +439,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Nile river source (shared with Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Nile river source (shared with Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km), <em>(Mediterranean Sea)</em> Nile (3,254,853 sq km)"
@ -548,11 +548,12 @@
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); note - a constitutional amendment approved in December 2016 reduced the presidential term from 7 to 5 years but included an exception that allowed President KAGAME to serve another 7-year term in 2017, potentially followed by two additional 5-year terms; election last held on 4 August 2017 (next to be held on 15 July 2029); prime minister appointed by the president"
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 4 August 2017 (next to be held on 15 July 2029); prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em><br>2024: </em>Paul KAGAME reelected president; Paul KAGAME (RPF) 99.2%, Frank HABINEZA (DGPR) 0.5%, Philippe MPAYIMANA (independent) 0.3%<br><br><em>2017:</em> Paul KAGAME reelected president; Paul KAGAME (RPF) 98.8%, Philippe MPAYIMANA (independent), other 1.2%<br><br> <p> </p>"
}
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a constitutional amendment in 2016 reduced the presidential term from 7 to 5 years but included an exception that allowed President KAGAME to serve another 7-year term in 2017, potentially followed by two additional 5-year terms"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -1078,17 +1079,6 @@
"text": "80 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Rwanda was slow to liberalize the mobile sector; there was effective competition among three operators; the fixed broadband sector has suffered from limited fixed-line infrastructure and high prices; operators are rolling out national backbone networks which also allow them to connect to the international submarine cables on Africa&rsquo;s east coast; these cables gave the entire region greater internet bandwidth and ended the dependency on satellites; while the country also has a new cable link with Tanzania, and via Tanzania&rsquo;s national broadband backbone it has gained connectivity to the networks of several other countries in the region; the number of subscribers on LTE infrastructure has increased sharply, helped by national LTE coverage achieved in mid-2018; mobile remains the dominant platform for voice and data services; the regulator noted that the number of mobile subscribers increased 2.7% in 2021, year-on-year; there was a slight fall in the beginning of 2022 (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone density is 81 telephones per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 250; international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service); international submarine fiber-optic cables on the African east coast has brought international bandwidth and lessened the&nbsp;dependency on satellites"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "13 TV stations; 35 radio stations, including international broadcasters; government owns most popular TV and radio stations; regional satellite-based TV available"
},
@ -1139,7 +1129,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 30-35,000 active RDF personnel (2025)"
"text": "approximately 30-35,000 active Rwanda Defense Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the RDF's inventory includes a mix of older and some modern equipment from suppliers such as China, France, Israel, Russia and the former Soviet Union, South Africa, and Turkey (2024)"

15
africa/se.json
View file

@ -957,19 +957,8 @@
"text": "192 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "effective system; direct international calls to over 100 countries; radiotelephone communications between islands in the archipelago; 3 ISPs; use of Internet cafes' for access to Internet; 4G services and 5G pending (2020)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line&nbsp; is 18 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity is 173 telephones per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 248; landing points for the PEACE and the SEAS submarine cables&nbsp;providing connectivity to Europe, the Middle East, Africa and Asia; direct radiotelephone communications with adjacent island countries and African coastal countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "<p>state-run national broadcaster Seychelles Broadcasting Corporation (SBC) has the only terrestrial TV station, which also airs broadcasts from international services; privately owned Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) channel; multi-channel cable and satellite TV available through 2 providers; SBC operates 1 AM and 1 FM radio station; 2 privately operated radio stations; transmissions of 2 international broadcasters available in Victoria</p> (2019)"
"text": "state-run national broadcaster Seychelles Broadcasting Corporation (SBC) has the only terrestrial TV station, which also airs broadcasts from international services; privately owned Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) channel; multi-channel cable and satellite TV available through 2 providers; SBC operates 1 AM and 1 FM radio station; 2 privately operated radio stations; transmissions of 2 international broadcasters available in Victoria (2019)"
},
"Internet country code": {
"text": ".sc"
@ -1053,7 +1042,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 500 active personnel (2025)"
"text": "approximately 500 active Defense Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the SDF's inventory primarily consists of Soviet-era equipment delivered in the 1970s and 1980s; in recent years, the SDF has received limited amounts of more modern equipment, mostly donations of patrol boats and aircraft, from several suppliers, including Bahrain, China, India, and the UAE (2024)"

22
africa/sf.json
View file

@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
"text": "16,700 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Orange (shared with Lesotho [s], and Namibia [m]) - 2,092 km; Limpoporivier (Limpopo) river source (shared with Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km; Vaal [s] - 1,210 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Orange (shared with Lesotho [s], and Namibia [m]) - 2,092 km; Limpoporivier (Limpopo) river source (shared with Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km; Vaal [s] - 1,210 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Orange (941,351 sq km)"
@ -455,7 +455,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Orange (shared with Lesotho [s], and Namibia [m]) - 2,092 km; Limpoporivier (Limpopo) river source (shared with Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km; Vaal [s] - 1,210 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Orange (shared with Lesotho [s], and Namibia [m]) - 2,092 km; Limpoporivier (Limpopo) river source (shared with Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km; Vaal [s] - 1,210 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Orange (941,351 sq km)"
@ -564,11 +564,12 @@
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 29 May 2024 (next to be held in May 2029) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
"text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 29 May 2024 (next to be held in May 2029)&nbsp;"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br><em>2024: </em>Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (ANC) elected president by the National Assembly unopposed<em><br><br>2019: </em>Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (ANC) elected president by the National Assembly unopposed<br><br>  <p> </p>"
}
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the president is both chief of state and head of government"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -1138,17 +1139,6 @@
"text": "167 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "South Africa&rsquo;s telecom sector boasts one of the most advanced infrastructures on the continent; the focus in recent years has been on back haul capacity and on fiber and LTE networks to extend and improve internet service connectivity; several satellite solutions also appeared in 2023, aimed at providing additional backhaul and improving connectivity in rural areas; the mobile sector has developed strongly in recent years, partly due to the poor availability and level of service of fixed-line networks, which meant that many people had no alternative to mobile networks for voice and data services (2024)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line is 2 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular is 167 telephones per 100 persons (2022)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 27; landing points for the WACS, ACE, SAFE, SAT-3, Equiano, SABR, SAEx1, SAEx2, IOX Cable System, METISS, EASSy, and SEACOM/ Tata TGN-Eurasia&nbsp;fiber-optic submarine cable systems connecting South Africa, East Africa, West Africa, Europe,&nbsp;Southeast Asia, Asia, South America, Indian Ocean Islands,&nbsp;and the&nbsp;US;&nbsp;satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 2 Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "the South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC) operates 6 free-to-air TV stations; 1 private TV station; multiple subscription TV services with mix of local and international channels; mix of public and private radio stations at the national, regional, and local levels; state-owned SABC radio network has 18 stations, including one for each of the 11 official languages, 4 community stations, and 3 commercial stations; over 100 community stations with rural coverage"
},
@ -1244,7 +1234,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 65-70,000 active-duty SAF personnel (2025)"
"text": "approximately 65-70,000 active-duty National Defense Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the SANDF's inventory consists of a mix of domestically produced and foreign-supplied equipment; South Africa's domestic defense industry produced most of the Army's major weapons systems (some were jointly produced with foreign companies), while the Air Force and Navy inventories include a mix of aging European-, Israeli-, and US-origin weapons and equipment; South Africa has one of Africa's leading defense industries (2024)"

17
africa/sg.json
View file

@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
"text": "1,200 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Senegal (shared with Guinea [s], Mali, and Mauritania [m] ) - 1,641 km; Gambie (Gambia) (shared with Guinea [s] and The Gambia [m]) - 1,094 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Senegal (shared with Guinea [s], Mali, and Mauritania [m] ) - 1,641 km; Gambie (Gambia) (shared with Guinea [s] and The Gambia [m]) - 1,094 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Senegal (456,397 sq km)"
@ -449,7 +449,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Senegal (shared with Guinea [s], Mali, and Mauritania [m] ) - 1,641 km; Gambie (Gambia) (shared with Guinea [s] and The Gambia [m]) - 1,094 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Senegal (shared with Guinea [s], Mali, and Mauritania [m] ) - 1,641 km; Gambie (Gambia) (shared with Guinea [s] and The Gambia [m]) - 1,094 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Senegal (456,397 sq km)"
@ -1054,17 +1054,6 @@
"text": "120 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Senegal&rsquo;s telecom market continues to show steady growth in all sectors; this has been supported by the particular demands made on consumers during the pandemic, which resulted in a particularly strong increase in the number of subscribers; the mobile subscriber base increased 6.7% in 2020, year-on-year, and by 4.1% in 2021, while the number of fixed broadband subscribers increased 17.5% year-on-year in 2021; mobile internet platforms account for the vast majority of all internet accesses; quality of service issues continue to plague the market, with the regulator periodically issuing fines to the market players (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line is 2 per 100 and mobile-cellular 118 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 221; landing points for the ACE, Atlantis-2, MainOne and SAT-3/WASC submarine cables providing connectivity from South Africa, numerous western African countries, Europe and South America;&nbsp;satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "over 25 private TV stations; state-run Radiodiffusion T&eacute;l&eacute;vision S&eacute;n&eacute;galaise (RTS) broadcasts from five cities; wide range of independent TV available via satellite; hundreds of radio stations; transmissions of several international broadcasters are accessible on FM in Dakar"
},
@ -1155,7 +1144,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 25,000 active personnel including the Gendarmerie (2025)"
"text": "approximately 25,000 active Armed Forces personnel, including the Gendarmerie (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory includes a mix of older, secondhand, and more modern equipment from a variety of countries, including France, South Africa, and Russia/former Soviet Union; in recent years, the military has undertaken a modernization program and has received newer equipment from more than 10 countries, including France and the US (2024)"

13
africa/sh.json
View file

@ -545,17 +545,6 @@
"text": "74 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "capability to&nbsp;communicate worldwide; ADSL- broadband service; LTE coverage of 95% of population, includes voice calls, text messages, mobile data as well as inbound and outbound roaming; Wi-Fi hotspots in Jamestown, 1 ISP, many services are not offered locally but made available for visitors; some sun outages due to the reliance of international telephone and Internet communication relying on single satellite link (2020)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "automatic digital network; fixed-line is 74 per 100 and mobile-cellular is 74 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code (Saint Helena) - 290, (Ascension Island) - 247; landing point for the SaEx1 submarine cable providing connectivity to South Africa, Brazil, Virginia Beach (US) and islands in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan de Cunha; international direct dialing; satellite voice and data communications; satellite earth stations - 5 (Ascension Island - 4, Saint Helena - 1) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "<em>Saint Helena</em>: no local TV station; 2 local radio stations, one of which is relayed to Ascension Island; satellite TV stations rebroadcast terrestrially<br><br><em>Ascension Island</em>: no local TV station; 1 local radio station and receives relays of broadcasts from radio station on Saint Helena; broadcasts from the British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) available, as well as US military TV <br><br><em>Tristan da Cunha</em>: 1 local radio station and receives BFBS TV and radio broadcasts"
},
@ -576,7 +565,7 @@
}
},
"Communications - note": {
"text": "Ascension Island hosts one of four dedicated ground antennas that assist in the operation of the Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation system (the others are on Diego Garcia (British Indian Ocean Territory), Kwajalein (Marshall Islands), and at Cape Canaveral, Florida (US)); South Africa maintains a meteorological station on Gough Island in the Tristan da Cunha archipelago"
"text": "Ascension Island hosts one of four dedicated ground antennas that assist in the operation of the Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation system (the others are on Diego Garcia (British Indian Ocean Territory), Kwajalein (Marshall Islands), and at Cape Canaveral, Florida (US))"
}
},
"Transportation": {

20
africa/sl.json
View file

@ -526,7 +526,7 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Julius Maada BIO (since 27 June 2023) note - the president is chief of state, head of government, and Minister of Defense"
"text": "President Julius Maada BIO (since 27 June 2023)&nbsp;"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "President Julius Maada BIO (since 27 June 2023)"
@ -539,7 +539,8 @@
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br><em>2023: </em>Julius Maada BIO reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Julius Maada BIO (SLPP) 56.2%, Samura KAMARA (APC) 41.2%, other 2.6%<br><em><br>2018: </em>Julius Maada BIO elected president in second round; percent of vote - Julius Maada BIO (SLPP) 51.8%, Samura KAMARA (APC) 48.2%"
}
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the president is chief of state, head of government, and minister of defense"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -980,19 +981,8 @@
"text": "98 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "the telecom sector has only gradually recovered from the destruction caused during the war years, and only since 2019 has there been an effective terrestrial fiber backbone infrastructure, while the cable link to neighboring Guinea was not completed until February 2020; there is considerable available capacity from the ACE submarine cable and the national fiber network, but this is used inefficiently and so the price of internet connectivity remains one of the highest in the region; the theft of equipment and cabling, compounded by neglect, mismanagement, and under investment, means that telecommunications companies continue to operate in difficult conditions; the telecom regulator has made efforts to improve the market, including the liberalization of the international gateway and regular checks on QoS; the regulator reduced the price floor for mobile voice calls in early 2020, though consumers objected to the MNOs withdrawing a number of cheap packages as a response; the mobile sector has been the main driver of overall telecom revenue (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line less than 0 per 100 and mobile-cellular just over 98 per 100 (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 232; landing point for the ACE submarine cable linking to South Africa, over 20 western African countries and Europe; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "<p>1 state-owned TV station; 3 private TV stations; 1 pay-TV service; 1 state-owned national radio station; about 24 private radio stations; transmissions of several international broadcasters available </p> (2019)"
"text": "1 state-owned TV station; 3 private TV stations; 1 pay-TV service; 1 state-owned national radio station; about 24 private radio stations; transmissions of several international broadcasters available (2019)"
},
"Internet country code": {
"text": ".sl"
@ -1075,7 +1065,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "the Armed Forces have an estimated 10,000 active personnel (2025)"
"text": "estimated 10,000 active Armed Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the RSLAF has a small inventory that includes a mix of Soviet-origin and other older foreign-supplied equipment; in recent years, it has received limited amounts of newer equipment, mostly as donations (2024)"

13
africa/so.json
View file

@ -951,17 +951,6 @@
"text": "50 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Somalia&rsquo;s economic difficulties in recent years have made it difficult for telcos and the government to sustain investment in infrastructure; the government has also had to contend with militant groups which continue on occasion to force the closure of internet services in many areas of the country; in recent years, though, the government has addressed the lack of guidance which had prevailed since 1991, when a dictatorial regime was overthrown; the National Communications Law was passed in October 2017, aimed at setting a legal and regulatory framework for the telecoms sector, while provision was made in the following year to set up a regulatory authority to oversee the telecom sector; more recently, three types of licenses were mandated to provide clarity to operators, and to bring the market closer into line with international standards; all operators were given until August 2020 to secure one of the three license types; given the poor condition of fixed-line infrastructure, operators have concentrated on mobile connectivity; their investment plans have involved the development of LTE services to provide mobile data and broadband services; the telecom market has flourished; tariffs are among the lowest in Africa, and new cable systems coming on stream in the next few years, as well as planned investments from local operators to bolster the country&rsquo;s national fiber backbone, will lead to downward pressure on retail pricing; on the consumer side, spending on telecoms services and devices are under pressure from the financial effect of large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes as the remnants of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic remain and as global events, such as the Russian invasion of Ukraine, continue to play out; the market is continuing a positive growth trajectory, supported by a slow economic rebound in the country (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line is 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular is 50 per 100 (2022)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 252; landing points for the G2A, DARE1, PEACE, and EASSy fiber-optic submarine cable system linking East Africa, Indian Ocean Islands, the Middle East, North Africa&nbsp;and&nbsp;Europe (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "2 private TV stations rebroadcast Al-Jazeera and CNN; 1 state-operated TV station and 1 private TV station; state-operated Radio Mogadishu; 1 SW and roughly 10 private FM radio stations in Mogadishu; several radio stations in central and southern regions; transmissions of at least 2 international broadcasters available (2019)"
},
@ -1044,7 +1033,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 20,000 regular military personnel (2025)",
"text": "estimated 20,000 active Somali Armed Forces (2025)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>tens of thousands of militia forces are also active in Somalia"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {

27
africa/su.json
View file

@ -95,7 +95,7 @@
"text": "15,504 sq km (2019)"
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "<p>An Nīl (Nile) (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km; Blue Nile river mouth (shared with Ethiopia [s]) - 1,600 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
"text": "<p>An Nīl (Nile) (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km; Blue Nile river mouth (shared with Ethiopia [s]) - 1,600 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: <em>(Mediterranean Sea)</em> Nile (3,254,853 sq km)<br>Internal <em>(endorheic basin) </em>drainage: Lake Chad (2,497,738 sq km)"
@ -426,7 +426,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "<p>An Nīl (Nile) (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km; Blue Nile river mouth (shared with Ethiopia [s]) - 1,600 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
"text": "<p>An Nīl (Nile) (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km; Blue Nile river mouth (shared with Ethiopia [s]) - 1,600 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: <em>(Mediterranean Sea)</em> Nile (3,254,853 sq km)<br>Internal <em>(endorheic basin) </em>drainage: Lake Chad (2,497,738 sq km)"
@ -528,21 +528,21 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Sovereign Council Chair and Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces General Abd-al-Fattah al-BURHAN Abd-al-Rahman"
"text": "Sovereign Council Chair and Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces General Abd-al-Fattah al-BURHAN Abd-al-Rahman (since 11 November 2021)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Sovereign Council Chair and Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces General Abd-al-Fattah al-BURHAN Abd-al-Rahman"
"text": "Sovereign Council Chair and Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces General Abd-al-Fattah al-BURHAN Abd-al-Rahman (since 11 November 2021)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "most members of the Council of Ministers were forced from office in October 2021 by the military and subsequently resigned in November 2021; the military allowed a handful of ministers appointed by former armed opposition groups to retain their posts; at present, most of the members of the Council are senior civil servants serving in an acting minister capacity appointed either by Prime Minister HAMDOUK prior to his resignation or by the military"
"text": "the military forced most members of the Council of Ministers out of office in 2021; a handful of ministers appointed by former armed opposition groups were allowed to retain their posts; at present, most of the members of the Council are appointed senior civil servants serving in an acting-minister capacity"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "the 2019 Constitutional Declaration originally called for elections to be held in late 2022 at the end of the transitional period; that date was pushed back to late 2023 by the Juba Peace Agreement; the methodology for future elections has not yet been defined; according to the 2019 Constitutional Declaration, civilian members of the Sovereign Council and the prime minister were to have been nominated by an umbrella coalition of civilian actors known as the Forces for Freedom and Change; this methodology was followed in selecting HAMDOUK as prime minister in August 2019; the military purports to have suspended this provision of the 2019 Constitutional Declaration in October 2021; Prime Minister HAMDOUK&rsquo;s restoration to office in November 2021 was the result of an agreement signed between him and Sovereign Council Chair BURHAN; military members of the Sovereign Council are selected by the leadership of the security forces; representatives of former armed groups to the Sovereign Council are selected by the signatories of the Juba Peace Agreement"
"text": "an election was supposed to be held in 2022 or 2023, but the methodology for elections has still not been defined; military members of the Sovereign Council are selected by the leadership of the security forces; representatives of former armed groups to the Sovereign Council are selected by the signatories of the Juba Peace Agreement"
},
"election results": {
"text": "NA"
},
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the 2019 Constitutional Declaration established a collective chief of state of the \"Sovereign Council,\" which was chaired by al-BURHAN; on 25 October 2021, al-BURHAN dissolved the Sovereign Council but reinstated it on 11 November 2021, replacing its civilian members (previously selected by the umbrella civilian coalition the Forces for Freedom and Change) with civilians of the military’s choosing but then relieved the newly appointed civilian members of their duties on 6 July 2022<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> Sovereign Council currently consists of only the 5 generals<br><br><strong>note 3: </strong>former Prime Minister Abdallah HAMDOUK resigned on 2 January 2022; HAMDOUK served as prime minister from August 2019 to October 2019 before he was kidnapped; he was later freed and reinstated as prime minister on 21 November 2021"
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the 2019 Constitutional Declaration established a collective chief of state of the \"Sovereign Council,\" which was chaired by al-BURHAN; on 25 October 2021, al-BURHAN dissolved the Sovereign Council but reinstated it on 11 November 2021, replacing its civilian members (previously selected by the umbrella civilian coalition the Forces for Freedom and Change) with civilians of the military’s choosing, but then relieved the newly appointed civilian members of their duties on 6 July 2022<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> Sovereign Council currently consists of 5 generals"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"note": "<strong>note:</strong>  the Parliament of Sudan was dissolved after a coup in April 2019; the August 2019 Constitutional Declaration established Sudan's transitional government; a Transitional Legislative Council (TLC) was to have served as the national legislature during the transitional period until elections could be held, but the TLC has not been created"
@ -986,17 +986,6 @@
"text": "74 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Sudan emerged as a poorer country when South Sudan separated from it in 2011; although Sudan has about four times the population of South Sudan, the latter benefits from its control of the majority of known oil reserves; the Sudanese economy has been affected by hyperinflation in recent years, partly the result of the loss of oil revenue but also due to domestic volatility and social unrest; the difficult economic conditions have meant that for several years telcos have reported revenue under hyper inflationary reporting standards; pressure on revenue has made it difficult for operators to invest in infrastructure upgrades, and so provide improved services to customers; despite this, the number of mobile subscribers increased 7% in 2021, year-on-year; this level of growth is expected to have been maintained in 2022, though could slow from 2023; the country&rsquo;s poor fixed-line infrastructure has helped the development of mobile broadband services; after fighting started in April 2023, much of the telecommunications infrastructure was damaged (2023)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "teledensity fixed-line is 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular is 74 telephones per 100 persons (2022)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 249; landing points for the EASSy, FALCON&nbsp;and SAS-1,-2, fiber-optic submarine cable systems linking Africa, the Middle East, Indian Ocean Islands and Asia; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "state-owned broadcasters that self-censor but are somewhat independent (2022)"
},
@ -1092,7 +1081,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> many defense expenditures are probably off-budget"
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "prior to the outbreak of fighting between the SAF and the RSF in 2023, size estimates for Sudan's armed forces varied widely: up to 200,000 SAF personnel; up to 100,000 RSF fighters; up to 80,000 Central Reserve Police (2023)"
"text": "prior to the outbreak of fighting between the SAF and the RSF in 2023, size estimates for Sudan's armed forces varied widely: up to 200,000 SAF; up to 100,000 RSF; up to 80,000 Central Reserve Police (2023)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the SAF's inventory includes a mix of mostly Chinese, Russian, Soviet-era, and domestically produced weapons systems; Sudan has one of the largest defense industries in Africa, which includes state-owned companies with military involvement; it has mostly manufactured weapons systems under license from China, Russia, Turkey, and Ukraine (2024)",

18
africa/to.json
View file

@ -548,11 +548,12 @@
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the advice of the president of the council of ministers"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president is appointed by the national assembly for one six-year term<br>the president of the council of ministers is the leader of the majority party in the national assembly and is confirmed by the Constitutional Court with no term limits <br>note- on 6 May 2024 the President signed into law changes to the constitution converting the presidential system to a parliamentary republic and creating the President of Council of Ministers position"
"text": "president is appointed by the national assembly for one six-year term; the president of the council of ministers is the leader of the majority party in the national assembly and is confirmed by the Constitutional Court with no term limits&nbsp;"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br><em>2020:</em> Faure GNASSINGBE reelected president; percent of vote - Faure GNASSINGBE (UNIR) 70.8%, Agbeyome KODJO (MPDD) 19.5%, Jean-Pierre FABRE (ANC) 4.7%, other 5%<br><br><em>2015:</em> Faure GNASSINGBE reelected president; percent of vote - Faure GNASSINGBE (UNIR) 58.8%, Jean-Pierre FABRE (ANC) 35.2%, Tchaboure GOGUE (ADDI) 4%, other 2% <p> </p>"
}
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in May 2024, the President signed into law changes to the constitution that converted the presidential system to a parliamentary republic and created the President of Council of Ministers position"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -1071,17 +1072,6 @@
"text": "74 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "include radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular is 74 telephones per 100 persons (2022)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 228; landing point for the WACS submarine cable, linking countries along the west coast of Africa with each other and with Portugal; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean), 1 Symphonie (2020)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 state-owned TV station with multiple transmission sites; five private local TV stations; cable TV available; state-owned radio network with two stations; several dozen private radio stations and a few community radio stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters available (2019)"
},
@ -1172,7 +1162,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 15-20,000 active Armed Forces personnel, including Gendarmerie (2025)"
"text": "estimated 15-20,000 active Armed Forces, including Gendarmerie (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the FAT has a small inventory of mostly older equipment originating from a variety of countries, including Brazil, Russia/former Soviet Union, Turkey, the US, and some European nations, particularly France (2024)"

13
africa/tp.json
View file

@ -958,17 +958,6 @@
"text": "87 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "local telephone network of adequate quality with most lines connected to digital switches; mobile cellular superior choice to landline; dial-up quality low; broadband expensive (2018)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line is 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity is 85 telephones per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 239; landing points for the Ultramar GE and ACE submarine cables&nbsp;from South Africa&nbsp;to over 20&nbsp;West African countries and Europe; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 state-owned TV station; 2 state-owned radio stations; 7 independent local radio stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available"
},
@ -1034,7 +1023,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Army and Coast Guard are responsible for external security while the public security police and judicial police maintain internal security; both the public security police and the military report to the Ministry of Defense and Internal Affairs; the judicial police report to the Ministry of Justice, Public Administration, and Human Rights"
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "the FASTP has approximately 500 personnel (2023)"
"text": "approximately 500 active Armed Forces (2023)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the FASTP is lightly armed and has a small inventory of mostly older weapons and equipment&nbsp; (2023)"

13
africa/ts.json
View file

@ -1085,17 +1085,6 @@
"text": "129 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Tunisia has one of the most sophisticated telecom infrastructures in North Africa; penetration rates for mobile and Internet services are among the highest in the region; government program of regulation and infrastructure projects aims to improve Internet connectivity to underserved areas; operators built extensive LTE infrastructure in 2019, and continue to discuss plans for future 5G networks and services; one operator has signed an agreement to pursue nano-satellite launches in 2023; internet censorship abolished, though concerns of government surveillance remain; legislation passed in 2017 supporting e-commerce and active e-government; importer of some integrated circuits and broadcasting equipment (including radio, television, and communications transmitters) from the PRC (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line is nearly 14 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity is 129 telephones per 100 persons (2022)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 216; landing points for the SEA-ME-WE-4, Didon, HANNIBAL System and Trapani-Kelibia&nbsp;submarine cable systems that provides links to Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Asia and Southeast Asia; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Algeria and Libya; participant in Medarabtel; 2 international gateway digital switches (2020)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "2 state-owned TV stations; 10 private local TV stations; satellite TV service available; state-owned radio network with 2 stations; several dozen private radio stations and community radio stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters available (2019)"
},
@ -1195,7 +1184,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 35,000 active-duty personnel (25,000 Army; 5,000 Navy; 5,000 Air Force) (2025)"
"text": "approximately 35,000 active-duty Armed Forces (25,000 Army; 5,000 Navy; 5,000 Air Force) (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Tunisian military's inventory consists mostly of older or second-hand equipment from a wide variety of suppliers, including Brazil, China, Turkey, and the US, as well as several European countries, such as France, Germany, and Italy (2024)"

21
africa/tz.json
View file

@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Uganda, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Uganda, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km), <em>(Mediterranean Sea)</em> Nile (3,254,853 sq km)<br>Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)"
@ -466,7 +466,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Uganda, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Uganda, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km), <em>(Mediterranean Sea)</em> Nile (3,254,853 sq km)<br>Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)"
@ -586,9 +586,9 @@
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 28 October 2020 (next to be held in October 2025); prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em>2020</em>: John MAGUFULI reelected president; percent of vote - John MAGUFULI (CCM) 84.4%, Tundu LISSU (CHADEMA) 13%, other 2.6%; note - President MAGUFULI died on 17 March 2021 and his Vice President, Samia Suluhu HASSAN, assumed the office of the president on 19 March 2021<br><br><em>2015</em>: John MAGUFULI elected president; percent of vote - John MAGUFULI (CCM) 58.5%, Edward LOWASSA (CHADEMA) 40%, other 1.5%"
"text": "<em>2020</em>: John MAGUFULI reelected president; percent of vote - John MAGUFULI (CCM) 84.4%, Tundu LISSU (CHADEMA) 13%, other 2.6%<br><br><em>2015</em>: John MAGUFULI elected president; percent of vote - John MAGUFULI (CCM) 58.5%, Edward LOWASSA (CHADEMA) 40%, other 1.5%"
},
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> Zanzibar elects a president as head of government for internal matters; election held on 28 October 2020; Hussein MWINYI (CCM) 76.3%, Maalim Seif SHARIF (ACT-Wazalendo) 19.9%, other 3.8%<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the president is both chief of state and head of government<br><br><strong>note 3:</strong> following the death of President John MAGUFULI in March 2021, then Vice President Samia Suluhu HASSAN assumed the presidency"
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> Zanzibar elects a president as head of government for internal matters; election held on 28 October 2020; Hussein MWINYI (CCM) 76.3%, Maalim Seif SHARIF (ACT-Wazalendo) 19.9%, other 3.8%<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the president is both chief of state and head of government<br><br><strong>note 3:</strong> after the death of President John MAGUFULI in March 2021, Vice President Samia Suluhu HASSAN assumed the presidency"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -1092,17 +1092,6 @@
"text": "92 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "<p>Tanzania’s telecom sector enjoys effective competition, particularly in the mobile segment; the government has encouraged foreign participation to promote economic growth and social development, and policy reforms have led to the country having one of the most liberal telecom sectors in Africa; the government has sought to increase broadband penetration by a range of measures, including the reduction in VAT charged on the sale of smartphones and other devices, and reductions in the cost of data; the MNOs became the leading ISPs following the launch of mobile broadband services based on 3G and LTE technologies; operators are hoping for revenue growth in the mobile data services market, given that the voice market is almost entirely prepaid; the MNOs have invested in network upgrades, which in turn has supported m-mobile data use, as well as m-money transfer services and banking services. Together, these have become a fast-developing source of revenue; the landing of the first international submarine cables in the country some years ago revolutionized the telecom market, which up to that point had entirely depended on expensive satellite connections; following the signing of infrastructure investment agreements with mobile network operators, the government plans to extend its national ICT broadband backbone to 99 or 185 districts by 2024 and to all districts by 2030</p> (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line telephone network is 2 connections per 100 persons; mobile-cellular service is 92 telephones per 100 persons (2022)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 255; landing points for the EASSy, SEACOM/Tata TGN-Eurasia, and SEAS&nbsp;fiber-optic submarine cable system linking East Africa with the Middle East; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean, 1 Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "about 45 TV stations, with 13 national that broadcast free-to-air TV; 196 radio stations, most operating at the district level, but also including 5 independent national stations and 1 state-owned national radio station; international broadcasts widely available through satellite TV; 3 major satellite TV providers (2020)"
},
@ -1199,7 +1188,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 25,000 active Defense Forces personnel (2025)"
"text": "approximately 25,000 active Defense Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the TPDF's inventory includes mostly Chinese and Russian/Soviet-era weapons and equipment (2024)"

17
africa/ug.json
View file

@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "<p>Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
"text": "<p>Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km), <em>(Mediterranean Sea)</em> Nile (3,254,853 sq km)"
@ -440,7 +440,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "<p>Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
"text": "<p>Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km), <em>(Mediterranean Sea)</em> Nile (3,254,853 sq km)"
@ -1049,17 +1049,6 @@
"text": "70 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "a series of reforms within Uganda&rsquo;s telecom sector have provided the country with one of the most competitive markets in the region; in line with the regulator&rsquo;s licensing requirements by which Uganda-based companies should be broadly owned by Ugandans by mid-2022; fixed-line infrastructure remains poor, with low penetration, and as a result fixed-line broadband penetration is also particularly low; consumers have largely depended on mobile infrastructure to provide voice and broadband services; there is sufficient capacity with LTE infrastructure to match data demand during the next few years; Uganda has anticipated the migration to 5G, having held trials in early 2020 though the roll out of 5G is not expected until later in 2022 (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and mobile cellular systems teledensity is 66 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 256; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Inmarsat; analog and digital links to Kenya and Tanzania"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "public broadcaster, Uganda Broadcasting Corporation (UBC), operates radio and TV networks; 31 Free-To-Air (FTA) TV stations, 2 digital terrestrial TV stations, 3 cable TV stations, and 5 digital satellite TV stations; 258 FM stations"
},
@ -1119,7 +1108,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 45-50,000 active Defense Force troops (2025)"
"text": "approximately 45-50,000 active Defense Forces&nbsp; (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the UPDF's inventory is mix of older and some more modern weapons and equipment; it is comprised mostly of Russian/Soviet-era arms with smaller quantities of Chinese, Israeli, North Korean, South African, UK, US, and domestically-produced items; Uganda has a small defense industry that assembles or manufactures light armored vehicles and performs maintenance on some military equipment, including its Russian-made helicopters (2024)"

23
africa/uv.json
View file

@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
"text": "550 sq km (2016)"
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Volta river source (shared with Ghana [m]) - 1,600 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Volta river source (shared with Ghana [m]) - 1,600 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Niger (2,261,741 sq km), Volta (410,991 sq km)"
@ -433,7 +433,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Volta river source (shared with Ghana [m]) - 1,600 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Volta river source (shared with Ghana [m]) - 1,600 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Niger (2,261,741 sq km), Volta (410,991 sq km)"
@ -539,15 +539,15 @@
"text": "Prime Minister Joachim KYLEM DE TAMBELA (since 21 October 2022)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "prior to the 2022 coups and adhoc suspension of laws and constitutional provisions, Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister"
"text": "prior to the 2022 coups and ad hoc suspension of laws and constitutional provisions, Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "prior to the 2022 coups and adhoc suspension of laws and constitutional provisions, president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); last held on 22 November 2020 (next were to be held by July 2024, but may be delayed by the transitional government due to security concerns); prime minister appointed by the president with consent of the National Assembly"
"text": "prior to the 2022 coups and ad hoc suspension of laws and constitutional provisions, president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); last held on 22 November 2020 (next were to be held by July 2024, but were delayed); prime minister appointed by the president with consent of the National Assembly"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em><br>2020:</em> Roch Marc Christian KABORE reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Roch Marc Christian KABORE (MPP) 57.9%, Eddie KOMBOIGO (CDP) 15.5%, Zephirin DIABRE (UPC) 12.5%, other 14.1%<br><br><em>2015:</em> Roch Marc Christian KABORE elected president in first round; percent of vote - Roch Marc Christian KABORE (MPP) 53.5%, Zephirin DIABRE (UPC) 29.6%, Tahirou BARRY (PAREN) 3.1%, Benewende Stanislas SANKARA (UNIR-MS) 2.8%, other 10.9%"
},
"note": "<strong>note </strong>- on 30 September 2022, a military junta, led by TRAORE, took power and ousted Transition President Lt. Col. Paul-Henri Sandaogo DAMIBA and took over as head of the Patriotic Movement for Safeguard and Restoration<br><br><strong>note </strong>- Transitional President TRAORE appointed KYLEM DE TAMBELA Prime Minister on 21 October 2022; the position had been vacant since 30 September 2022 when the military ousted former Prime Minister Albert OUEDRAOGO"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> on 30 September 2022, a military junta led by TRAORE took power and ousted Transition President Lt. Col. Paul-Henri Sandaogo DAMIBA "
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -1013,17 +1013,6 @@
"text": "112 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Burkina Faso&rsquo;s telecom sector in recent years has made some gains in providing the necessary infrastructure and bandwidth to support telecom services; an IXP completed in September 2020 increased international bandwidth capacity by a third, while in mid-2021 the government was able to start the second phase of a national fiber backbone project; this will link the capital city to an addition 145 municipalities, and provide additional connectivity to terrestrial cables in neighboring countries; the activities of the militants in side areas of the country jeopardize overall security, and render it difficult for the telcos to safeguard their networks and equipment; Burkina Faso joins G5 Sahel countries to eliminate roaming fees (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line connections stand at less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular usage nearly 112 per 100, with multiple providers there is competition and the hope for growth from a low base; Internet penetration is 16% (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 226; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "14 digital TV channels, of which 2 are state-owned; over 140 national radio stations (commercial, religious, community), including a national and regional state-owned network; state-owned Radio Burkina and private Radio Omega are among the most widely available and broadcast in both French and local languages (2019)"
},
@ -1084,7 +1073,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 20,000 Armed Forces personnel; estimated 50,000 Homeland Defense Volunteers (2025)",
"text": "estimated 20,000 Armed Forces; estimated 50,000 Homeland Defense Volunteers (2025)",
"note": "<br><strong><br><br></strong>"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {

22
africa/wa.json
View file

@ -95,7 +95,7 @@
"text": "80 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Orange river mouth (shared with Lesotho [s], and South Africa) - 2,092 km; Okavango (shared with Angola [s], and Botswana [m]) - 1,600 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Orange river mouth (shared with Lesotho [s], and South Africa) - 2,092 km; Okavango (shared with Angola [s], and Botswana [m]) - 1,600 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Orange (941,351 sq km)<br>Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)<br>Internal <em>(endorheic basin) </em>drainage: Okavango Basin (863,866 sq km)"
@ -435,7 +435,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Orange river mouth (shared with Lesotho [s], and South Africa) - 2,092 km; Okavango (shared with Angola [s], and Botswana [m]) - 1,600 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
"text": "Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Orange river mouth (shared with Lesotho [s], and South Africa) - 2,092 km; Okavango (shared with Angola [s], and Botswana [m]) - 1,600 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Orange (941,351 sq km)<br>Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)<br>Internal <em>(endorheic basin) </em>drainage: Okavango Basin (863,866 sq km)"
@ -547,11 +547,12 @@
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president from among members of the National Assembly"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 27 November 2024 (next to be held in November 2029) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; note- President Hage GEINGOB died on 4 February 2024, and Vice President MBUMBA was sworn in to run the government until the next presidential election in November 2024; note- Netumbo Nandi-NDAITWAH won the 7 December 2024 election with her inauguration scheduled for 21 March 2025"
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 27 November 2024 (next to be held in November 2029)&nbsp;"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em>2024:</em> Netumbo Nandi-NDAITWAH elected president in the first round; percent of vote -Netumbo Nandi-NDAITWAH (SWAPO) 57%, Panduleni  ITULA (IPC) 26%, McHenry VENAANI (PDM) 5.10%, Bernadus SWARTBOOI (LPM) 4.72%, Job AMUPANDA (AR) 1.80%, Hendrik GAOBEAB (UDF) 1.16%; other 3.31%<br><br><em>2019:</em> Hage GEINGOB reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Hage GEINGOB (SWAPO) 56.3%, Panduleni ITULA (independent) 29.4%, McHenry VENAANI (PDM) 5.3%, other .9% <p> </p>"
}
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the president is both chief of state and head of government"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -1065,17 +1066,6 @@
"text": "113 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "the government&rsquo;s Broadband Policy aims to provide 95% population coverage by 2024; mobile network coverage has increased sharply in recent years; by 2023, 3G infrastructure provided 89% population coverage while LTE infrastructure provided 79% coverage; despite the relatively advanced nature of the market, progress towards 5G has been slow, partly due to unsubstantiated public concerns over health implications of the technology which caused the government to order an environmental assessment of 5G in mid-2020; the government has requested the regulator to speed up its 5G development strategy; Namibia&rsquo;s internet and broadband sector is reasonably competitive, its development was for many years held back by high prices for international bandwidth caused by the lack of a direct connection to international submarine cables; this market situation improved after operators invested in diversifying terrestrial access routes to adjacent countries; in June 2022 Namibia was connected to a 1,050km branch line of cable running between Portugal and South Africa (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line subscribership is 4 per 100 and mobile-cellular roughly 113 per 100 persons (2022) (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 264;&nbsp;landing points for the ACE and WACS&nbsp;fiber-optic submarine cable linking southern and western African countries to Europe; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 private and 1 state-run TV station; satellite and cable TV service available; state-run radio broadcasts in multiple languages; about a dozen private radio stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters available"
},
@ -1169,7 +1159,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimated 12,000 active NDF personnel (2025)"
"text": "estimated 12,000 active Namibian Defense Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the NDF's inventory consists of a mix of Soviet-era and some more modern systems from a variety of countries, including Brazil, China, Germany, India, and South Africa; most of the Navy's vessels and the Air Force's fighter aircraft were acquired from China; Namibia has a small defense industry that produces items such as armored personnel carriers (2024)"

13
africa/wz.json
View file

@ -1023,17 +1023,6 @@
"text": "122 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Eswatini was one of the last countries in the world to open up its telecom market to competition; until 2011 the state-owned Eswatini Posts and Telecommunications also acted as the industry regulator and had a stake in the country&rsquo;s sole mobile network; a new independent regulatory authority was established in late 2013 and has since embarked on significant changes to the sector; mobile market subscriptions have been affected by the common use among subscribers when they use SIM cards from different networks in order to access cheaper on-net calls; subscriber growth has slowed in recent years, but was expected to have reached 8% in 2021, as people adapted to the changing needs for connectivity caused by the pandemic; the internet sector has been open to competition with a small number of licensed ISPs; DSL services were introduced in 2008, development of the sector has been hampered by the limited fixed-line infrastructure and by a lack of competition in the access and backbone networks; Eswatini is landlocked and so depends on neighboring countries for international bandwidth; this has meant that access pricing is relatively high, and market subscriptions remains relatively low; prices have fallen recently in line with greater bandwidth availability resulting from several new submarine cable systems which have reached the region in recent years; in September 2020 a terrestrial cable linked Mozambique with Eswatini and South Africa (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line stands at nearly 4 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity roughly 120 telephones per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 268; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 state-owned TV station; satellite dishes can access South African providers; state-owned radio network with 3 channels; 1 private radio station (2019)"
},
@ -1095,7 +1084,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 3,000 active-duty personnel (2023)"
"text": "approximately 3,000 active-duty Defense Force (2023)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the UEDF has a light and small inventory of mostly older equipment originating from Europe, South Africa, and the US (2024)"

19
africa/za.json
View file

@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "<p>Congo river source (shared with Angola, Republic of Congo, and Democratic Republic of Congo [m]) - 4,700 km; Zambezi river source (shared with Angola, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
"text": "<p>Congo river source (shared with Angola, Republic of Congo, and Democratic Republic of Congo [m]) - 4,700 km; Zambezi river source (shared with Angola, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km)<br>Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)"
@ -441,7 +441,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "<p>Congo river source (shared with Angola, Republic of Congo, and Democratic Republic of Congo [m]) - 4,700 km; Zambezi river source (shared with Angola, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
"text": "<p>Congo river source (shared with Angola, Republic of Congo, and Democratic Republic of Congo [m]) - 4,700 km; Zambezi river source (shared with Angola, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km)<br>Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)"
@ -1043,19 +1043,8 @@
"text": "99 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "following elections held in August 2021, the new government immediately established a Ministry of Technology and Science to promote the use of ICT in developing economic growth and social inclusion; this focus on ICT, and on telecoms in particular, has been central to government strategies for some years; as part of the Smart Zambia initiative, investment has been made in data centers, a computer assembly plant, ICT training centers, and a Smart Education program; these efforts have been combined with the extension of broadband access and improved connectivity to international submarine cables; in turn, this has resulted in a considerable reduction in fixed-line and mobile access pricing for end-users; mobile network operators continue to invest in 3G and LTE-based services, the government contracted to upgrade the state-owned mobile infrastructure for 5G services; delays in holding spectrum have stymied the development of 5G thus far; in mid-2021 the regulator completed a consultation of auctioning low, medium, and high band spectrum for 5G, aiming to provide sufficient spectrum to meet the anticipated increase in data traffic in coming years; fixed-line broadband services remain underdeveloped (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular is 100 per 100 (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 260; multiple providers operate overland fiber optic routes via Zimbabwe/South Africa, Botswana/Namibia and Tanzania provide access to the major undersea cables"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "<p>47 state-controlled and private TV stations; state-owned Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation (ZNBC) has 2 TV channels, controls 1, and owns shares in 2 more; 137 radio stations, with 133 private and 4 state-owned</p> (2019)"
"text": "47 state-controlled and private TV stations; state-owned Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation (ZNBC) has 2 TV channels, controls 1, and owns shares in 2 more; 137 radio stations, with 133 private and 4 state-owned (2019)"
},
"Internet country code": {
"text": ".zm"
@ -1125,7 +1114,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 16,000 active Defense Force personnel (2025)"
"text": "approximately 16,000 active Defense Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the ZDF's inventory is largely comprised of Chinese, Russian, and Soviet-era weapons and equipment along with smaller quantities of items--particularly aircraft--from such suppliers as Israel and the US (2024)"

17
africa/zi.json
View file

@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
"text": "1,740 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "<p>Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Botswana, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Limpopo (shared with South Africa [s], Botswana, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
"text": "<p>Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Botswana, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Limpopo (shared with South Africa [s], Botswana, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)<br>Internal <em>(endorheic basin) </em>drainage: Okavango Basin (863,866 sq km)"
@ -448,7 +448,7 @@
}
},
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
"text": "<p>Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Botswana, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Limpopo (shared with South Africa [s], Botswana, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
"text": "<p>Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Botswana, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Limpopo (shared with South Africa [s], Botswana, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km<br><br><strong>note:</strong> [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth</p>"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)<br>Internal <em>(endorheic basin) </em>drainage: Okavango Basin (863,866 sq km)"
@ -1076,17 +1076,6 @@
"text": "88 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Zimbabwe&rsquo;s telcos continue to be affected by the country&rsquo;s poor economy; this has been exacerbated by the significant economic difficulties related to the pandemic; revenue has also been under pressure from a number of recent regulatory measures and additional taxes imposed by the cash-strapped government; inflation has become so high that year-on-year revenue comparisons since 2019 have been difficult to assess meaningfully; the three MNOs continue to invest in network upgrades, partly supported by government efforts and cash released from the Universal Service Fund; as a result of these investments, LTE networks have expanded steadily, though services remain concentrated in urban areas; international bandwidth has improved since fiber links to several submarine cables were established via neighboring countries; the expansion of 3G and LTE-based mobile broadband services has meant that most of the population has access to the internet; the government has started a national broadband scheme aimed at delivering a 1Mb/s service nationally by 2030; investment in fixed broadband infrastructure has also resulted in a slow but steady growth in the number of DSL connections, and also fiber subscriptions; during 2021, most growth in the fixed broadband segment has been with fiber connections (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity is 2 per 100 and mobile-cellular is 89 per 100 (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 263; fiber-optic connections to neighboring states provide access to international networks via undersea cable; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat; 5 international digital gateway exchanges"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "government owns all local radio and TV stations; foreign shortwave broadcasts and satellite TV available; in rural areas, access to TV broadcasts is extremely limited; analog TV only, no digital service (2017)"
},
@ -1148,7 +1137,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 30,000 active Zimbabwe Defense Force troops (2025)"
"text": "approximately 30,000 active Zimbabwe Defense Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the ZDF inventory is comprised mostly of Russian/Soviet-era and Chinese armaments with smaller quantities of older or obsolescent material from countries such as Brazil, France, Italy, South Africa, the UK, and the US; since the early 2010s, Zimbabwe has been under an arms embargo from the EU, as well as targeted sanctions from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the UK, and the US (2024)"

11
antarctica/ay.json
View file

@ -134,17 +134,6 @@
}
},
"Communications": {
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "<p>scientists with the US Antarctic Program at McMurdo Station have a designated Starlink terminal, which has improved connectivity to carry out research; this was made possible through laser links between the SpaceX satellites in orbit that eliminate the need for ground stations at the poles</p> (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "commercial cellular networks operating in a small number of locations (2019)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - none allocated; via satellite (including mobile Inmarsat and Iridium systems) to and from all research stations, ships, aircraft, and most field parties"
}
},
"Internet country code": {
"text": ".aq"
},

3
antarctica/bv.json
View file

@ -146,9 +146,6 @@
"Communications": {
"Internet country code": {
"text": ".bv"
},
"Communications - note": {
"text": "has an automated meteorological station"
}
},
"Transportation": {

3
antarctica/fs.json
View file

@ -158,9 +158,6 @@
"Communications": {
"Internet country code": {
"text": ".tf"
},
"Communications - note": {
"text": "has one or more meteorological stations on each possession"
}
},
"Transportation": {

11
australia-oceania/aq.json
View file

@ -642,17 +642,6 @@
"text": "4 (2009 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "American Samoa Telecommunications Authority, ASTCA, supplies telecommunication services to the residents of American Samoa, a US territory; the primary system between the islands consists of fiber-optic cables and satellite connections; in 2021, the undersea fiber-optic cable linking the Tutuila and Manu&rsquo;a Islands failed, cutting off Manu&rsquo;a Island; telecommunication services were restored through microwave link, and the link now provides a steady 1Gbps backhaul&nbsp; (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "nearly 22 per 100 fixed-line tele density (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 1-684; landing points for the ASH, Southern Cross NEXT&nbsp;and Hawaiki&nbsp;&nbsp;providing&nbsp;connectivity to New Zealand, Australia, American Samoa, Hawaii, California, and&nbsp;SAS connecting American Samoa with Samoa; satellite earth station - 1 (Intelsat-Pacific Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "3 TV stations; multi-channel pay TV services are available; about a dozen radio stations, some of which are repeater stations"
},

15
australia-oceania/as.json
View file

@ -729,7 +729,7 @@
},
"Economy": {
"Economic overview": {
"text": "highly developed, diversified, regionally and globally integrated economy; strong mining, manufacturing, and service sectors; net exporter driven by commodities to East Asian trade partners; &ldquo;Future Made in Australia&rdquo; program focused on green energy investments"
"text": "<p>high-income and globally integrated economy; strong mining, manufacturing, and service sectors driving slow but steady growth; net exporter, driven by commodities to East Asian trade partners; weak productivity and aging population straining labor force participation</p>"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023": {
@ -1125,19 +1125,8 @@
"text": "107 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "in the fixed internet traffic sector, there is an ongoing migration from copper-based platforms to fiber; the extension of fixed wireless access will mean that up to 120,000 premises currently dependent on satellite broadband will be able to access 5G-based fixed services; the fixed-line market has been falling steadily over the past five years; in the Australian fixed broadband market, there is a dynamic shift among customers to fiber networks; the DSL sector is steadily shrinking while subscribers on HFC infrastructure will continue to be provided by existing cable, with a steady migration to full fiber connectivity (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "18 per 100 fixed-line telephone subscriptions and 105 per 100 mobile-cellular; more subscribers to mobile services than there are people; 90% of all mobile device sales are now smartphones, growth in mobile traffic brisk (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 61; landing points for&nbsp;more than&nbsp;20 submarine cables including: the SeaMeWe-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; the INDIGO-Central, INDIGO West and ASC, North West Cable System, Australia-Papua New Guinea cable, CSCS, PPC-1, Gondwana-1, SCCN, Hawaiki, TGA, Basslink, Bass Strait-1, Bass Strait-2, JGA-S, with links to other Australian cities, New Zealand&nbsp;and many countries in southeast Asia, US and Europe; the H2 Cable, AJC, Telstra Endeavor, Southern Cross NEXT with links to Japan, Hong Kong, and other Pacific Ocean countries as well as the US; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "<p class=\"ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10\">tradition of public broadcasting, but privately owned TV and radio have the biggest audiences; ownership of print and broadcast media is concentrated; Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) runs national and local public radio and TV; other main public broadcaster is the multilingual Special Broadcasting Service (SBS); national commercial TV is dominated by three big free-to-air networks; broadcasters must carry a minimum percentage of Australian-made programs; pay TV via cable, satellite, and IPTV has a strong foothold</p> (2023)"
"text": "tradition of public broadcasting, but privately owned TV and radio have the biggest audiences; ownership of print and broadcast media is concentrated; Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) runs national and local public radio and TV; other main public broadcaster is the multilingual Special Broadcasting Service (SBS); national commercial TV is dominated by three big free-to-air networks; broadcasters must carry a minimum percentage of Australian-made programs; pay TV via cable, satellite, and IPTV has a strong foothold (2023)"
},
"Internet country code": {
"text": ".au"

11
australia-oceania/bp.json
View file

@ -937,17 +937,6 @@
"text": "67 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "mobile services have continually expanded in the Solomon Islands; 3G services became available in 2010, leading to an increase in mobile broadband uptake; Solomon Islands currently host three ISPs; fixed broadband services are largely limited to government, corporations, and educational organizations in the Solomon Islands; telecommunication infrastructure in the Solomon Islands requires significant investment due to the geographical make-up of the islands; this presents a great challenge to rural connectivity in the country; although various international organizations such as the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank have taken a special interest in having communication services improved in both the Solomon Islands and the Pacific region in general, internet and broadband penetration remain low; the provision of broadband infrastructure, particularly to rural areas, is also hindered by land disputes; internet services have, improved with the build-out of the Coral Sea Cable System linking Papua New Guinea to the Solomon Islands, as also with a connecting cable to a landing station at Sydney; the Australian government provided most of the funding for the Coral Sea Cable System, with contributions and support from the Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea governments; the launch of the Kacific-1 satellite in late 2019 also improved broadband satellite capacity for the region, though for telcos in Solomon Islands satellite services are now largely used as backup for international traffic; in recent years, the country has stabilized both politically and economically and this, along with improvements to mobile infrastructure, has led to a rise in mobile services and the slow uptake of broadband services; while the first LTE services were launched in late 2017 in the capital Honiara, the main platform for mobile voice and data services remains 3G, while in outlying areas GSM is still an important technology for the provision of services (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line is less than 1 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular telephone density 67 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 677; landing points for the CSCS and ICNS2 submarine cables providing connectivity from Solomon Islands, to PNG, Vanuatu and Australia; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "multi-channel pay-TV is available; Solomon Islands Broadcasting Corporation (SIBC) operates 2 national radio stations and 2 provincial stations; 2 local commercial radio stations; Radio Australia is available via satellite (2019)"
},

11
australia-oceania/ck.json
View file

@ -327,17 +327,6 @@
}
},
"Communications": {
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "telephone service is part of the Australian network; an operational local mobile-cellular network available; wireless Internet connectivity available"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "local area code - 08"
},
"international": {
"text": "international code - 61 8; telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; satellite earth station - 1 (Intelsat)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 local radio station staffed by community volunteers; satellite broadcasts of several Australian radio and TV stations available (2017)"
},

11
australia-oceania/cq.json
View file

@ -632,17 +632,6 @@
"text": "28 (2004)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "digital fiber-optic cables and satellites connect the islands to worldwide networks; demand for broadband growing given that mobile services are the source for Internet across region; future launch of 5G; as of April 2024 the Northern Mariana Islands Broadband Policy and Development Office (BPD) received an award of $81 million from the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment (BEAD) Program; CNMI submitted its BEAD Five-Year Action Plan to NTIA; this plan aims to improve Internet services in the Commonwealth by outlining strategies for enhancing Internet accessibility and affordability for all members of the CNMI community (2024)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity is 40 per 100 persons; mobile cellular subscriptions are 28 per 100 (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 1-670; landing points for the Atisa and Mariana-Guam submarine cables linking Mariana islands to Guam; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 TV station on Saipan; multi-channel cable TV services are available on Saipan; 9 licensed radio stations (2009)"
},

5
australia-oceania/cr.json
View file

@ -136,11 +136,6 @@
},
"Economy": {
},
"Communications": {
"Communications - note": {
"text": "automatic weather stations on many of the isles and reefs relay data to the mainland"
}
},
"Transportation": {
},
"Military and Security": {

11
australia-oceania/cw.json
View file

@ -708,17 +708,6 @@
"text": "100 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "demand for mobile broadband is increasing due to mobile services being the primary and most wide-spread source for Internet access across the region; Telecom Cook Islands offers international direct dialing, Internet, email, and fax; individual islands are connected by a combination of satellite earth stations, microwave systems, and VHF and HF radiotelephone (2020)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "service is provided by small exchanges connected to subscribers by open-wire, cable, and fiber-optic cable; nearly 41 per 100 fixed-line and about 100 per 100 mobile-cellular (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 682; the Manatua submarine cable to surrounding islands of Niue,&nbsp;Samoa,&nbsp;French Polynesia and other Cook Islands, the&nbsp;topography of the South Pacific region has made Internet connectivity a serious&nbsp;issue for many of the remote islands; submarine fiber-optic networks are expensive to build and maintain;&nbsp;satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 privately owned TV station in Rarotonga provides a mix of local news and overseas-sourced programs (2019)"
},

13
australia-oceania/fj.json
View file

@ -1002,17 +1002,6 @@
"text": "107 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Fiji is the leading market to watch in terms of both LTE and 5G development in the region; the market boasts relatively sophisticated, advanced digital infrastructure, with telcos&rsquo; heavy investment resulting in the country having the highest mobile and internet subscriptions in the Pacific Islands region; LTE, LTE-A, and fiber technologies have received the most investment by the Fijian mobile operators, LTE now accounts for the largest share of connections in the mobile segment; concentrating on the more highly populated areas, the operators are preparing for the next growth area of high-speed data; they also have 5G in mind, and are preparing their networks to be 5G-ready, anticipating an easier migration to the technology based on the relatively high LTE subscription rate; Fiji presents a challenging geographic environment for infrastructure development due to its population being spread across more than 100 islands; the majority of Fijians live on the two main islands of Viti Levu and Vanua Levu; in July 2018, the two islands were linked by the Savusavu submarine cable system, which provides a more secure link in times of emergency weather events such as the regular tropical cyclones that often cause massive destruction to the area, including destroying essential infrastructure such as electricity and telecommunications equipment; notably, the December 2021 eruption of the Hunga Tonga&ndash;Hunga Ha'apai submarine volcano in Tonga damaged the Tonga Cable which connects Fiji, and Tonga blocking the latter off from internet services; cable theft and damage of critical communications infrastructure has also become a concern in Fiji, prompting authorities to establish a joint task force to tackle the issue (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line nearly 5 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular teledensity roughly 110 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 679; landing points for the ICN1, SCCN, Southern Cross NEXT, Tonga Cable and Tui-Samoa&nbsp;submarine cable links&nbsp;to US,&nbsp;NZ, Australia and Pacific islands of Fiji, Vanuatu, Kiribati, Samoa, Tokelau, Tonga, Fallis &amp; Futuna, and American Samoa; satellite earth stations - 2 Inmarsat (Pacific Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "Fiji TV, a publicly traded company, operates a free-to-air channel; Digicel Fiji operates the Sky Fiji and Sky Pacific multi-channel pay-TV services; state-owned commercial company, Fiji Broadcasting Corporation, Ltd, operates 6 radio stations, including 2 public broadcasters and 4 commercial broadcasters with multiple repeaters; 5 radio stations with repeaters operated by Communications Fiji, Ltd; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available"
},
@ -1106,7 +1095,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 4,000 active Republic of Fiji Military Forces personnel (2025)"
"text": "approximately 4,000 active Republic of Fiji Military Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the RFMF is lightly armed and equipped; Australia has provided patrol boats and a few armored personnel carriers; it also provides logistical support for RFMF regional or UN operations; in recent years, China and the US have provided small amounts of equipment&nbsp; (2024)"

11
australia-oceania/fm.json
View file

@ -816,17 +816,6 @@
"text": "19 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Australia, Japan, and the United States are committed to working in partnership with the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), Kiribati, and Nauru to improve internet connectivity to these three Pacific nations by providing funding to build a new undersea cable; the proposed undersea cable will provide faster, higher quality, and more reliable and secure communications to approximately 100,000 people across three countries; this will support increased economic growth, drive development opportunities, and help to improve living standards as the region recovers from the severe impacts of COVID-19; the new cable will connect Kosrae (FSM), Nauru, and Tarawa (Kiribati) with the existing HANTRU-1 cable at Pohnpei (FSM), providing internet connectivity through a submarine cable for the first time (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed line teledensity roughly 6 per 100 and mobile-cellular nearly 19 per 100 (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 691; landing points for the Chuukk-Pohnpei Cable and HANTRU-1 submarine cable system linking the Federated States of Micronesia and the US;&nbsp;satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "no TV broadcast stations; each state has a multi-channel cable service with TV transmissions carrying roughly 95% imported programming and 5% local programming; about half a dozen radio stations (2009)"
},

11
australia-oceania/fp.json
View file

@ -788,17 +788,6 @@
"text": "107 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "French Polynesia has one of the most advanced telecoms infrastructures in the Pacific Islands region; the remoteness of the territory with its scattering of 130 islands and atolls has made connectivity vital for its inhabitants; the first submarine cable was deployed in 2010 and since then additional cables have been connected to the islands, vastly improving French Polynesia&rsquo;s international connectivity; an additional domestic submarine cable, the Natitua Sud, will connect more remote islands by the end of 2022; French Polynesia is also a hub for satellite communications in the region; a considerable number of consumers access FttP-based services; with the first data center in French Polynesia on the cards, the quality and price of broadband services is expected to improve as content will be able to be cached locally, reducing costs for consumers; for 2022, fixed broadband subscriptions reached an estimated 22%; about 43% of the territory&rsquo;s mobile connections are on 3G networks, while LTE accounts for 12%; by 2025, LTE is expected to account for more than half of all connections; it is also estimated that 77% of mobile subscribers will have smart phones by 2025 (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line subscriptions nearly 36 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular density is roughly 106 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 689; landing points for the NATITUA, Manatua, and Honotua submarine cables to other French Polynesian Islands, Cook Islands, Niue, Samoa and US; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "French public overseas broadcaster R&eacute;seau Outre-Mer provides 2 TV channels and 1 radio station; 1 government-owned TV station; a small number of privately owned radio stations (2019)"
},

11
australia-oceania/gq.json
View file

@ -736,17 +736,6 @@
"text": "62 (2009 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Guam&rsquo;s telecommunications companies provide important services that allow other businesses on island to operate; Guam plays a larger, and growing role, in global telecommunications infrastructure, the submarine fiber optic cables that land on Guam benefit island residents and the local economy; in the Asia-Pacific region the demand for 4G, 5G, and broadband access is rapidly increasing; the 11 submarine cables that currently land on Guam, connecting the U.S. to the Asia-Pacific region, are some of the more than 400 cables that are the backbone of global telecommunications, providing nearly all of the world&rsquo;s internet and phone service; as of January 2024, one of the world's most dominant companies will be landing two new subsea cables on Guam; in May 2024 a global arm of a leading telecommunications and technology company, announced its plans to develop a regional network hub in Guam by establishing a new dedicated point-of-presence (PoP) in Piti at the carrier-neutral GNC iX data center; this PoP will serve growing connectivity demand in the region and will be a key connection point for new cable systems including the Echo cable and central Pacific Connect cable that are being constructed to provide additional low latency network reliability and redundancy throughout Asia and between Asia, Australia, and the U.S. (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line subscriptions 41 per 100 and 62 per 100 mobile-cellular subscriptions in 2004 (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 1-671; major landing points for Atisa, HANTRU1, HK-G, JGA-N, JGA-S, PIPE-1, SEA-US, SxS, Tata TGN-Pacific, AJC, GOKI, AAG, AJC and Mariana-Guam Cable submarine cables between Asia, Australia, and the US (Guam is a transpacific communications hub for major carriers linking the US and Asia); satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "about a dozen TV channels, including digital; multi-channel cable TV services are available; roughly 20 radio stations"
},

11
australia-oceania/kr.json
View file

@ -912,17 +912,6 @@
"text": "49 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "generally good national and international service; wireline service available on Tarawa and Kiritimati (Christmas Island); connections to outer islands by HF/VHF radiotelephone; recently formed (mobile network operator) MNO is implementing the first phase of improvements with 3G and 4G upgrades on some islands; islands are connected to each other and the rest of the world via satellite; launch of Kacific-1 in December 2019 will improve telecommunication for Kiribati (2020)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular approximately 42 per 100 subscriptions (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 686; landing point for the Southern Cross NEXT submarine cable system from Australia, 7 Pacific Ocean island countries to the US; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "multi-channel TV packages provide access to Australian and US stations; 1 government-operated radio station broadcasts on AM, FM, and shortwave (2017)"
},

11
australia-oceania/kt.json
View file

@ -331,17 +331,6 @@
}
},
"Communications": {
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "internet access on Christmas Island is provided by satellite; improvements through the Regional Connectivity Program to the macro and small cell mobile sites will provide new and improved mobile, voice and data connectivity for residents and visitors; the upgrade will also support local businesses and community facilities, enabling increased residential access to essential services such as telehealth and education (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "improvements to Christmas Island include an upgrade to the macro cell base stations and deploy a new macro cell base station at the airport (2022)"
},
"international": {
"text": "international code - 61 8; ASC submarine cable to Singapore and Australia; satellite earth station - 1 (Intelsat provides telephone and telex service) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 community radio station; satellite broadcasts of several Australian radio and TV stations (2017)"
},

11
australia-oceania/nc.json
View file

@ -814,17 +814,6 @@
"text": "90 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "New Caledonia&rsquo;s telecom sector provides fixed and mobile voice services, mobile internet, fixed broadband access, and wholesale services for other ISPs; the territory is well serviced by extensive 3G and LTE networks, and is considered to have one of the highest smartphone adoption rates in the Pacific region; by 2025, smart phone penetration is expected to reach 71%; while DSL is still the dominant fixed broadband technology, and a nationwide FttP network; the South Pacific region has become a hub for submarine cable system developments in recent years, with further networks scheduled to come online later in 2021 and into 2022; these new cables are expected to increase competition in the region with regards to international capacity; in 2020, the government owned telco commissioned Alcatel Submarine Networks (ASN) to build the Gondwana-2 cable system to provide additional network capacity and complement the Gondwana-1 cable (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line is 16 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone subscribership 90 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 687; landing points for the Gondwana-1 and Picot-1 providing connectivity via submarine cables&nbsp;around New&nbsp;Caledonia and&nbsp;to Australia; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "the publicly owned French Overseas Network (RFO), which operates in France's overseas departments and territories, broadcasts over the RFO Nouvelle-Cal&eacute;donie TV and radio stations; a small number of privately owned radio stations also broadcast"
},

11
australia-oceania/ne.json
View file

@ -527,17 +527,6 @@
"text": "52 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "in 2020, the Manatua One Polynesia Fiber Cable provided Niue with high speed Internet access for the first time replacing a 4 megabit satellite link with gigabit fiber connectivity; the government set out a strategy to upgrade to a new infrastructure that would be robust enough to operate reliably in a challenging climate: 40 40&deg;C heat, 40% humidity, salty air, frequent power outages during storms, and no air conditioning (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "single-line (fixed line) telephone system connects all villages on island; fixed teledensity at nearly 52 per 100 (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 683; landing point for the Manatua submarine cable linking Niue to several South Pacific Ocean Islands; expansion of satellite services (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 state-owned TV station, with many of the programs supplied by Television New Zealand; 1 state-owned radio station broadcasting in AM and FM (2019)"
},

11
australia-oceania/nf.json
View file

@ -360,17 +360,6 @@
}
},
"Communications": {
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "the current infrastructure consists of fixed line telephone utilizing copper twisted pair cable and optic fiber, two Satellite Earth Station, GSM Mobile switch with five remote base stations and 2 micro cells, central public exchange which switches international as well as national calls, ADSL Broadband internet connection (Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Line), and an ISP (Internet Service Provider); 3G/4G telecommunications network went live on Tuesday 12 January, 2021 (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "free local calls"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 672; submarine cable links with Australia and New Zealand; satellite earth station - 1"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 local radio station; broadcasts of several Australian radio and TV stations available via satellite (2009)"
},

11
australia-oceania/nh.json
View file

@ -955,17 +955,6 @@
"text": "78 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "for many years, 2G Global System for Mobile Communications was the primary mobile technology for Vanuatu&rsquo;s 300,000 people; recent infrastructure projects have improved access technologies, with a transition to 3G and 4G; Vanuatu has also benefited from the ICN1 submarine cable and the launch of the Kacific-1 satellite, both of which have considerably improved access to telecom services in recent years; Vanuatu&rsquo;s telecom sector is liberalized, with the two prominent mobile operators; while fixed broadband penetration remains low, the incumbent operator is slowly exchanging copper fixed-lines for fiber; a number of ongoing submarine cable developments will also assist in increasing data rates and reduce internet pricing in coming years (2023)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity is 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular 78 per 100 (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 678; landing points for the ICN1 &amp; ICN2 submarine cables providing connectivity to the Solomon Islands and Fiji; cables helped end-users with Internet bandwidth; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2020)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 state-owned TV station; multi-channel pay TV available; state-owned Radio Vanuatu has 2 radio stations; 2 privately owned radio broadcasters; multiple international broadcasts available (2023)"
},

11
australia-oceania/nr.json
View file

@ -784,17 +784,6 @@
"text": "80 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "relies on satellite as the primary Internet service provider and mobile operator; internet connectivity on the island is very limited and unstable due to the vulnerability of the network infrastructure to bad weather and limited network coverage, with several blind spots (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line 0 per 100 and mobile-cellular subscribership approximately 80 per 100 (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 674; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 state-owned TV station broadcasting programs from New Zealand; 1 state-owned radio station, broadcasting on AM and FM, uses Australian and British programs (2019)"
},

18
australia-oceania/nz.json
View file

@ -545,8 +545,7 @@
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor-general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor-general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor-general"
},
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>according to Prime Minister LUXON, the Winston PETERS of the New Zealand First Party would be the deputy prime minister in the first half of the term while Act party leader, David SEYMOUR, would take the role for the second half of the term"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -1044,17 +1043,6 @@
"text": "115 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "<p>the growth areas in in New Zealand’s telecom market have been in mobile broadband and fiber; New Zealand’s mobile market continues to undergo significant developments; the coverage of LTE networks has been supported by the Rural Broadband Initiative rollout, which added a significant number of mobile sites to new or underserved areas; the market is undergoing additional consolidation; offering fixed and mobile services</p> (2023)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line roughly 13 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone subscribership 114 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 64; landing points for the Southern Cross NEXT, Aqualink, Nelson-Levin, SCCN and Hawaiki submarine cable system providing links to Australia, Fiji, American Samoa, Kiribati, Samo, Tokelau, US and around New Zealand; satellite earth stations - 8 (1 Inmarsat - Pacific Ocean, 7 other) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "state-owned Television New Zealand operates multiple TV networks; state-owned Radio New Zealand operates 3 radio networks and an external shortwave radio service to the South Pacific region; a small number of national commercial TV and radio stations and many regional commercial TV and radio stations are available; cable and satellite TV systems are available (2019)"
},
@ -1148,7 +1136,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 8,800 active-duty (Regular Force) troops (4,300 Army; 2,100 Navy; 2,400 Air Force) (2025)",
"text": "approximately 8,800 active (Regular Force) New Zealand Defense Forces (4,300 Army; 2,100 Navy; 2,400 Air Force) (2025)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the total NZDF complement is about 15,300 including the Regular Force, Reserves, and civilians"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
@ -1159,7 +1147,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>New Zealand opened up all military occupations to women in 2000; as of 2024, women accounted for about 20% of Regular Force personnel"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "small numbers of NZ military personnel are deployed on a variety of international missions in Africa, Antarctica, the Asia-Pacific region, and the Middle East (2024)"
"text": "small numbers of NZ military personnel are deployed on a variety of international missions in Africa, Antarctica, the Asia-Pacific region, and the Middle East (2025)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the NZDF is a small military with considerable overseas experience; it supports the country’s national security objectives by protecting New Zealand’s sovereignty, promoting its interests, safeguarding peace and security, and conducting peacekeeping, humanitarian, and other international missions<br><br>New Zealand is a member of the Five Powers Defense Arrangements (FPDA), a series of mutual assistance agreements reached in 1971 embracing Australia, Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore, and the UK; the FPDA commits the members to consult with one another in the event or threat of an armed attack on any of the members and to mutually decide what measures should be taken, jointly or separately; there is no specific obligation to intervene militarily <br><br>New Zealand has been part of the Australia, New Zealand, and US Security (ANZUS) Treaty since 1951; however, the US suspended its ANZUS security obligations to New Zealand in 1986 after New Zealand implemented a policy barring nuclear-armed and nuclear-powered warships from its ports; the US and New Zealand signed the Wellington Declaration in 2010, which reaffirmed close ties between the two countries, and in 2012 signed the Washington Declaration, which provided a framework for future security cooperation and defense dialogues; in 2016, a US naval ship conducted the first bilateral warship visit to New Zealand since the 1980s; New Zealand has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation (2025)"

14
australia-oceania/pc.json
View file

@ -327,17 +327,6 @@
}
},
"Communications": {
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "satellite-based phone services; rural connectivity a challenge; 2G services widespread; demand for mobile broadband due to mobile services providing Internet source; the launch of the Kacific-1 satellite in 2019 will improve telecommunications in the region (2020)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "local phone service with international connections via Internet (2018)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 872; satellite earth station - 1 Inmarsat"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "satellite TV from Fiji-based Sky Pacific offering a wide range of international channels"
},
@ -348,9 +337,6 @@
"percent of population": {
"text": "96.2% (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Communications - note": {
"text": "satellite-based local phone service and broadband Internet connections available in all homes"
}
},
"Transportation": {

11
australia-oceania/ps.json
View file

@ -859,17 +859,6 @@
"text": "133 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Palau telecommunications is a small, formerly unregulated sector undertaking significant growth with the improvement and cost reduction in technology; mobile services have taken over the share of the market from landlines, with both 2-3G cell services throughout the islands; sim cards are easily available and offer 3G and data options; there are pre-paid and post-paid options for both voice and data; there are three data options for using a wireless hotspot network throughout Palau; connection from hotel and restaurant premises is available, enabling users to connect via WiFi throughout the main Islands of Palau (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line nearly 44 per 100 and mobile-cellular services roughly 130 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 680; landing point for the SEA-US submarine cable linking Palau, Philippines, Micronesia, Indonesia, Hawaii (US), Guam (US) and&nbsp;California (US); satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "no broadcast TV stations; a cable TV network covers the major islands and provides access to 4 local cable stations, rebroadcasts (on a delayed basis) of a number of US stations, as well as access to a number of real-time satellite TV channels; about a half dozen radio stations (1 government-owned) (2019)"
},

11
australia-oceania/rm.json
View file

@ -870,17 +870,6 @@
"text": "38 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "the National Telecommunications Act, through Bill No. 66, ushered in a new era in telecommunications in the Marshall Islands; this will enable an open, competitive market for telecommunications that is regulated by a Telecommunications Commissioner; telecom officials announced that they would be able to offer satellite internet services beginning in mid-2023; the World Bank has been promoting telecommunications reform here for a decade and has a multi-million-dollar telecommunications reform grant program in progress (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line roughly 5 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular is nearly 38 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 692; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean); US Government satellite communications system on Kwajalein"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "no TV broadcast station; a cable network is available on Majuro with programming via videotape replay and satellite relays; 4 radio broadcast stations; US Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS) provides satellite radio and TV service to Kwajalein Atoll (2019)"
},

18
australia-oceania/tl.json
View file

@ -278,11 +278,12 @@
},
"Constitution": {
"history": {
"text": "many previous; latest effective 1 January 1949 (Tokelau Islands Act 1948)"
"text": "many previous; latest effective 1 January 1949 (Tokelau Act 1948 of New Zealand)"
},
"amendment process": {
"text": "proposed as a resolution by the General Fono; passage requires support by each village and approval by the General Fono"
}
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Tokelau is a non-self-governing territory and has been administered by New Zealand since 1926; Tokelau is considered \"part of New Zealand” under the Tokelau Act 1948, and Tokelauans are New Zealand citizens; in the mid-2000s Tokelau held two referenda on becoming self-governing in free association with New Zealand; the first vote was held in February 2006 but narrowly missed the two-thirds majority required for a change of status, as did a second vote held in 2007; since the self-government referenda, Tokelau has put questions about its constitutional status on hold; it remains a territory of New Zealand, though one which exercises a substantial degree of self-government"
},
"Citizenship": {
"text": "see New Zealand"
@ -303,7 +304,7 @@
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; head of government chosen from the Council of Faipule to serve a 1-year term"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the meeting place of the Tokelau Council and the head of government position rotates annually among the three atolls; this tradition has given rise to the somewhat misleading description that the capital rotates yearly between the three atolls; in actuality, it is the seat of the government councilors that rotates since Tokelau has no capital"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the meeting place of the Tokelau Council and the head of government position rotates annually among the three atolls; this tradition has given rise to the somewhat misleading description that the capital rotates yearly between the three atolls, but Tokelau has no capital"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -490,17 +491,6 @@
"text": "22 (2010 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "a new submarine cable between New Zealand and Tokelau will provide high speed, reliable internet to Tokelau for the first time; due for completion in 2022, this will provide Tokelau with affordable, high quality internet and telecommunications, and better, more effective access to digital services and platforms (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity is 0 per 100 persons (2019)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 690; landing point for the Southern Cross NEXT submarine cable linking Australia, Tokelau, Samoa, Kiribati, Fiji, New Zealand and Los Angeles, CA (USA); radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok); satellite earth stations - 3 (2020)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "Sky TV access for about a third of the population; each atoll operates a radio service with shipping news and weather reports (2019)"
},

13
australia-oceania/tn.json
View file

@ -952,17 +952,6 @@
"text": "61 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Tonga was only connected to the global submarine telecommunication network in the last decade; though this system is more stable than other technologies such as satellite and fixed infrastructure; the January 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha&rsquo;apai severed Tonga&rsquo;s connection to the submarine telecommunication network (2023)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line 10 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular teledensity 61 telephones per 100 (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 676; landing point for the Tonga Cable and the TDCE connecting to Fiji and 3 separate Tonga islands; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2020)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 state-owned TV station and 3 privately owned TV stations; satellite and cable TV services available; 1 state-owned and 5 privately owned radio stations; Radio Australia available via satellite (2019)"
},
@ -1044,7 +1033,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 600 active armed forces personnel (2025)"
"text": "approximately 600 active Armed Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory consists of light weapons, as well as some naval patrol vessels from Australia and a few US-origin aircraft (2024)"

11
australia-oceania/tv.json
View file

@ -816,17 +816,6 @@
"text": "80 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "provides fixed-line telephone communications to subscribers on each of the islands of Tuvalu; each island relies on the use of a satellite dish for inter-island telephone communication, internet access, and mobile phone services (2023)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity is 18 per 100 and mobile-cellular is 80 per 100 (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 688; international calls can be made by satellite"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "no TV stations; many households use satellite dishes to watch foreign TV; 1 state-owned radio station, Radio Tuvalu, includes relays from international broadcasters (2019)"
},

11
australia-oceania/wf.json
View file

@ -539,17 +539,6 @@
"text": "0 (2019)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "2G widespread; bandwidth is limited; mobile subscriber numbers are higher than fixed-line and better suited for islands; good mobile coverage in the capital cities and also reasonable coverage across more remote atolls; recent international interest in infrastructure development; increase in demand for mobile broadband as mobile services serve as primary source for Internet access; broadband satellite launched in 2019 to improve costs and capability (2020)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity 26 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 681; landing point for the Tui-Samoa submarine cable network connecting Wallis &amp; Futuna, Samoa and Fiji (2020)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "publicly owned French Overseas Network (RFO), which broadcasts to France's overseas departments, collectivities, and territories, is carried on the RFO Wallis and Fortuna TV and radio stations (2019)"
},

5
australia-oceania/wq.json
View file

@ -154,11 +154,6 @@
}
},
"Communications": {
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "satellite communications; 2 Defense Switched Network circuits off the Overseas Telephone System (OTS); located in the Hawaii area code - 808 (2018) (2018)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "US Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS) provides satellite radio/TV broadcasts (2018)"
}

11
australia-oceania/ws.json
View file

@ -948,17 +948,6 @@
"text": "60 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Samoa was one of the first Pacific Island countries to establish a regulatory infrastructure and to liberalize its telecom market; the advent of competition in the mobile market saw prices fall by around 50% and network coverage increase to more than 90% of the population; Samoa also boasts one of the highest rates of mobile phone coverage in the Pacific region; the growth of fixed-line internet has been impeded by factors including the high costs for bandwidth, under investment in fixed-line infrastructure; Samoa&rsquo;s telecoms sector has been inhibited by a lack of international connectivity; Samoa has had access to the Samoa-America-Samoa (SAS) cable laid in 2009, this cable has insufficient capacity to meet the country&rsquo;s future bandwidth needs; this issue was addressed with two new submarine cables that became available in 2018 and 2019; combined with the Samoa National Broadband Highway (SNBH), have improved internet data rates and reliability, and have helped to reduce the high costs previously associated with internet access in Samoa; in April 2022, the Samoan government announced its decision to take over control of the Samoa Submarine Cable Company, looking to the cable to generate additional revenue for the state (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line is 3 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity&nbsp; 32 telephones per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 685; landing points for the Tui-Samo, Manatua, SAS, and Southern Cross NEXT submarine cables providing connectivity to Samoa, Fiji,&nbsp;Wallis&nbsp;&amp; Futuna, Cook Islands, Niue, French Polynesia, American Samoa, Australia, New Zealand, Kiribati, Los Angeles (US), and Tokelau;&nbsp;satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "state-owned TV station privatized in 2008; 4 privately owned TV stations; about a half-dozen privately owned radio stations and one state-owned; TV and radio broadcasts of several stations from American Samoa are available (2019)"
},

13
central-america-n-caribbean/aa.json
View file

@ -810,19 +810,8 @@
"text": "132 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "declines in subscriber numbers, particularly for prepaid mobile services&nbsp; (the mainstay of short-term visitors), and revenue; governments, regulators, and MNOs have not been investing in 5G opportunities; network expansion and enhancements remain concentrated around improving LTE coverage (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "33 per 100 fixed-line telephone subscriptions and 130 per 100 mobile-cellular (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 297; landing&nbsp;points for the PAN-AM, PCCS, Deep Blue Cable, and Alonso de Ojeda&nbsp;submarine telecommunications cable system that extends from Trinidad and Tobago, Florida,&nbsp;Puerto Ricco,&nbsp;Jamaica, Guyana, Sint Eustatius &amp; Saba, Suriname, Dominican Republic, BVI, USVI, Haiti, Cayman Islands, the Netherlands Antilles,&nbsp; through Aruba to Panama, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Chile; extensive interisland microwave radio relay links (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "<p class=\"ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10\">freedom of the press respected, as guaranteed under Dutch law; newspapers are in the Papiamento language; 2 commercial TV stations, with a cable TV subscription service providing access to foreign channels; wide range of commercial radio stations available</p> (2023)"
"text": "freedom of the press respected, as guaranteed under Dutch law; newspapers are in the Papiamento language; 2 commercial TV stations, with a cable TV subscription service providing access to foreign channels; wide range of commercial radio stations available (2023)"
},
"Internet country code": {
"text": ".aw"

13
central-america-n-caribbean/ac.json
View file

@ -887,17 +887,6 @@
"text": "197 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "declines in subscriber numbers, particularly for prepaid mobile services&nbsp; (the mainstay of short-term visitors), and revenue; governments, regulators, and MNOs are not investing in 5G opportunities; network expansion and enhancements remain concentrated around improving LTE coverage (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity roughly 27 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity is about 200 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 1-268; landing points for the ECFS and&nbsp;Southern Caribbean Fiber&nbsp;submarine cable systems with links to other islands in the eastern Caribbean; satellite earth stations&nbsp;- 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "state-controlled Antigua and Barbuda Broadcasting Service (ABS) operates 1 TV station; multi-channel cable TV subscription services are available; ABS operates 1 radio station; roughly 20 radio stations (2024)"
},
@ -965,7 +954,7 @@
"text": "Antigua and Barbuda Defense Force (ABDF): Antigua and Barbuda Regiment, Air Wing, Coast Guard<br><br>Royal Police Force of Antigua and Barbuda (RPFAB) (2025)"
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 300 active military personnel (2024)"
"text": "approximately 300 active Defense Force personnel (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the ABDF's equipment inventory is limited to small arms, light weapons, and soft-skin vehicles; the Coast Guard maintains ex-US patrol vessels and some smaller boats (2024)"

11
central-america-n-caribbean/av.json
View file

@ -627,17 +627,6 @@
"text": "170 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "declines in subscriber numbers, particularly for prepaid mobile services&nbsp; (the mainstay of short-term visitors), and revenue; governments, regulators, and MNOs have shown little interest in investing in 5G opportunities; network expansion and enhancements remain concentrated around improving LTE coverage (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity is about 38 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity is roughly 170 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 1-264; landing points for the&nbsp;SSCS, ECFS, GCN&nbsp;and Southern Caribbean Fiber with submarine cable&nbsp;links to&nbsp;Caribbean islands&nbsp;and to the US; microwave radio relay to island of Saint Martin/Sint Maarten (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 private TV station; multi-channel cable TV subscription services are available; about 10 radio stations, one of which is government-owned (2024)"
},

13
central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json
View file

@ -997,17 +997,6 @@
"text": "115 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "the telecom sector has seen a decline in subscriber numbers (particularly for prepaid mobile services the mainstay of short term visitors) and revenue; fixed and mobile broadband services are two areas that have benefited from the crisis as employees and students have resorted to working from home; one area of the telecom market that is not prepared for growth is 5G mobile; governments, regulators, and even the mobile network operators have shown that they have not been investing in 5G opportunities at the present time; network expansion and enhancements remain concentrated around improving LTE coverage (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity of roughly 43 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular telephone density about 113 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 1-246; landing points for the ECFS and Southern Caribbean Fiber submarine cable with links to 15 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad and Puerto Ricco; satellite earth stations - 1 (Intelsat - Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Trinidad and Saint Lucia (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "government-owned Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) operates the lone terrestrial TV station; CBC also has a multi-channel cable TV subscription service; roughly a dozen CBC-operated radio stations operate alongside privately owned radio stations (2019)"
},
@ -1093,7 +1082,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 600 active personnel (2025)"
"text": "approximately 600 active BDF personnel (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the BDF's major equipment inventory is comprised mostly of donated items from China, the Netherlands, and the US&nbsp; (2024)"

13
central-america-n-caribbean/bf.json
View file

@ -935,17 +935,6 @@
"text": "99 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "two local providers ensure good telecoms coverage across the archipelago; fiber-to-home investments have been prioritized, with 5G adoption pending (2023)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "22 per 100 fixed-line, 115 per 100 mobile-cellular (2020)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 1-242; landing points for the ARCOS-1, BICS, Bahamas 2-US, and BDSN fiber-optic submarine cables that provide links to South and Central America, parts of the Caribbean, and the US; satellite earth stations - 2; the Bahamas Domestic Submarine Network links all of the major islands; (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "4 major TV providers; 1 TV station is operated by government-owned, commercially run Broadcasting Corporation of the Bahamas (BCB) and competes with 4 privately owned TV stations; multi-channel cable TV subscription service is widely available; 32 licensed broadcast (radio) service providers, with 31 privately owned FM radio stations; the BCB operates a multi-channel radio network with national coverage; the sector is regulated by the Utilities Regulation and Competition Authority (2019)"
},
@ -1031,7 +1020,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 1,700 active RBDF personnel (2024)"
"text": "approximately 1,700 active RBDF&nbsp; (2024)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "most of the RBDF's major equipment inventory has been acquired from the Netherlands or the US (2024)"

11
central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json
View file

@ -1024,17 +1024,6 @@
"text": "66 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Belize&rsquo;s fixed-line teledensity and mobile penetration remain lower than average for the region, a legacy of insufficient market competition and under investment in telecoms services; a significant investment in infrastructure, launching an LTE-A service at the end of 2016 and in mid-2017 completing a submarine cable to Ambergris Caye, enabling it to launch an FttP service in San Pedro; the nfrastructure has been updated from the legacy copper to fiber; investments have been made to provide high speed broadband to 80% of residences across Belize. (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "roughly 5 per 100 fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity of 66 per 100 persons; mobile sector accounting for over 90% of all phone subscriptions (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 501; landing points for the&nbsp;ARCOS and SEUL&nbsp;fiber-optic telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to South and Central America, parts of the Caribbean, and the US; satellite earth station - 8 (Intelsat - 2, unknown - 6) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "8 privately owned TV stations; multi-channel cable TV provides access to foreign stations; about 25 radio stations broadcasting on roughly 50 different frequencies; state-run radio was privatized in 1998 (2019)"
},

11
central-america-n-caribbean/cj.json
View file

@ -759,17 +759,6 @@
"text": "147 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "the telecom sector has seen a decline in subscriber numbers (particularly for prepaid mobile services the mainstay of short term visitors) and revenue; fixed and mobile broadband services are two areas that have benefited from the crisis as employees and students have resorted to working from home; one area of the telecom market that is not prepared for growth is 5G mobile; governments, regulators, and even the mobile network operators have shown that they have not been investing in 5G opportunities at the present time; network expansion and enhancements remain concentrated around improving LTE coverage (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "53 per 100 fixed-line and 150 per 100 mobile-cellular (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 1-345; landing points for the Maya-1, Deep Blue Cable, and the Cayman-Jamaica Fiber System submarine cables that provide links to the US and parts of Central and South America; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "4 TV stations; cable and satellite subscription services offer&nbsp; international programming; government-owned Radio Cayman operates 2 networks broadcasting on 5 stations; 10 privately owned radio stations operate alongside Radio Cayman"
},

15
central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json
View file

@ -531,7 +531,7 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Rodrigo CHAVES Robles (since 8 May 2022)&nbsp;"
"text": "President Rodrigo CHAVES Robles (since 8 May 2022)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "President Rodrigo CHAVES Robles (since 8 May 2022)"
@ -540,7 +540,7 @@
"text": "Cabinet selected by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president and vice presidents directly elected on the same ballot by modified majority popular vote (40% threshold) for a 4-year term (eligible for non-consecutive terms); election last held on 6 February 2022 with a runoff on 3 April 2022 (next to be held in February 2026 with a runoff in April 2026)"
"text": "president and vice presidents directly elected on the same ballot by modified majority popular vote (40% threshold) for a 4-year term (eligible for non-consecutive terms); election last held on 6 February 2022, with a runoff on 3 April 2022 (next to be held in February 2026, with a runoff in April 2026)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br><em>2022: </em>Rodrigo CHAVES Robles elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jose Maria FIGUERES Olsen (PLN) 27.3%,<em> </em>Rodrigo CHAVES Robles (PPSD) 16.8%, Fabricio ALVARADO Munoz (PNR) 14.9%, Eliecer FEINZAIG Mintz (PLP) 12.4%, Lineth SABORIO Chaverri (PUSC) 12.4%, Jose Maria VILLALTA Florez-Estrada 8.7% (PFA), other 7.5%; percent of vote in second round - Rodrigo CHAVES Robles (PPSD) 52.8%, Jose Maria FIGUERES Olsen (PLN) 47.2%<br><br><em>2018:</em> Carlos ALVARADO Quesada elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Fabricio ALVARADO Munoz (PRN) 25%; Carlos ALVARADO Quesada (PAC) 21.6%; Antonio ALVAREZ (PLN) 18.6%; Rodolfo PIZA (PUSC) 16%; Juan Diego CASTRO (PIN) 9.5%; Rodolfo HERNANDEZ (PRSC) 4.9%, other 4.4%; percent of vote in second round - Carlos ALVARADO Quesada (PAC) 60.7%; Fabricio ALVARADO Munoz (PRN) 39.3%"
@ -1045,17 +1045,6 @@
"text": "152 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "the fixed broadband market is one of the few parts of Costa Rica&rsquo;s telecom sector to experience solid growth in recent years, both in size and revenue; the country&rsquo;s fiber network expanded by 56% in 2020, reaching about 176,200km; fixed-line broadband traffic volume also increased by more than 30%, year-on-year;&nbsp; other areas of the market have proven relatively lack luster, with slow or even negative growth; some of this can be attributed to the economic and social impacts of the pandemic, but the fixed-line and mobile sectors have both been struggling to produce decent results since well before the start of the crisis; the rollout of 5G network infrastructure in Costa Rica is unlikely to occur to any scale before 2023, but this may be one of the few remaining areas of opportunity open to investors outside of fixed-line internet and pay TV services (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "roughly 11 per 100 fixed-line and 152 per 100 mobile-cellular (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 506; landing points for the ARCOS-1, MAYA-1, and the&nbsp;PAC submarine cables that provide links to South and Central America, parts of the Caribbean, and the US; connected to Central American Microwave System; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "over two dozen privately owned TV stations and 1 publicly owned TV station; cable network services are widely available; more than 100 privately owned radio stations and a public radio network (2022)"
},

16
central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json
View file

@ -555,8 +555,7 @@
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br><em>2023: </em>Miguel DIAZ-CANEL Bermudez (PCC) reelected president; percent of National Assembly vote - 97.7%; Salvador Antonio VALDES Mesa (PCC) reelected vice president; percent of National Assembly vote - 93.4%<em><br><br>2018: </em>Miguel DIAZ-CANEL Bermudez (PCC) elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - 98.8%; Salvador Antonio VALDES Mesa (PCC) elected vice president; percent of National Assembly vote - 98.1%"
},
"note": "<em>note</em> - on 19 April 2018, DIAZ-CANEL succeeded Raul CASTRO as president of the Councils of State and Ministers; on 10 October 2019 he was elected to the newly created position of President of the Republic, which replaced the position of President of the Councils of State and Ministers"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"legislature name": {
@ -995,17 +994,6 @@
"text": "68 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "internet availability has increased substantially over the past few years, only about 70 percent of Cubans have Internet access; 69 percent (7.6 million) have acces to cell phone service, 68 percent have internet access through their cell phone; in 2021 the Cuban Government passed a decree that strengthened its authority to censor Internet and telephonic communications; state control of the telecom sector hinders development; Cuba has the lowest mobile phone and Internet subscription rates in the region; fixed-line density is also very low; thaw of US-Cuba relations encouraged access to services, such as Wi-Fi hot spots; access to websites and mobile applications is controlled and censored; DSL and Internet are available in Havana, though costs are too high for most Cubans and access can be turned off by the government; international investment and agreement to improve internet access through cost-free and direct connection between networks (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line density remains low at a little over 14 per 100 inhabitants; mobile-cellular service has expanded to about 63 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 53; the ALBA-1, GTMO-1, and GTMO-PR fiber-optic submarine cables link Cuba, Jamaica, and Venezuela; satellite earth station - 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "government owns and controls all broadcast media: 8 national TV channels (Cubavision, Cubavision Plus, Tele Rebelde, Multivision, Educational Channel 1 and 2, Canal Clave, Canal Habana), 2 international channels (Cubavision Internacional and Canal Caribe), multiple regional TV stations, 7 national radio networks, and multiple regional radio stations; the government uses the Radio-TV Marti signal; private ownership of electronic media is officially prohibited, with several online independent news sites tolerated but blocked if critical of the government; YouTube popular; Christian denominations create original video content to distribute via social media (2023)"
},
@ -1106,7 +1094,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "limited available information; estimated 50,000 active personnel (2025)"
"text": "limited available information; estimated 50,000 active Armed Forces&nbsp; (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory is comprised of Russian and Soviet-era equipment (2024)"

11
central-america-n-caribbean/do.json
View file

@ -842,17 +842,6 @@
"text": "86 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "the telecom sector has seen a decline in subscriber numbers (particularly for prepaid mobile services the mainstay of short term visitors) and revenue; fixed and mobile broadband services are two areas that have benefited from the crisis as employees and students have resorted to working from home; one area of the telecom market that is not prepared for growth is 5G mobile; governments, regulators, and even the mobile network operators have shown that they have not been investing in 5G opportunities at the present time; network expansion and enhancements remain concentrated around improving LTE coverage (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "10 fixed-line connections per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscriptions are about 86 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 1-767; landing points for the ECFS and the&nbsp;Southern Caribbean Fiber&nbsp;submarine cables providing connectivity to other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad and to the US; microwave radio relay and SHF radiotelephone links to Martinique and Guadeloupe; VHF and UHF radiotelephone links to Saint Lucia (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "no terrestrial TV service; subscription cable TV provider offers some locally produced programming, plus channels from the US, Latin America, and the Caribbean; state-operated radio broadcasts on 6 stations; privately owned radio broadcasts on about 15 stations (2019)"
},

13
central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json
View file

@ -1101,17 +1101,6 @@
"text": "90 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "the Dominican Republic&rsquo;s telecom sector continued its solid form throughout 2020 and into 2021, shrugging off the economic turmoil unleashed by the Covid-19 pandemic to maintain a decade-long run of low but positive growth across all areas of the market; the Dominican Republic remains behind most of its counterparts in the Latin American region, especially in terms of fixed-line network coverage; mobile subscriptions are on par with the regional average, but at subscription levels of around 88% there is still ample opportunity for growth; in terms of growth, the standout winner was once again the mobile broadband segment; the market is expected to see close to 8% growth in 2021, building further on the gains it already made in 2020 when lock downs and work-from-home rules encouraged many people to find ways to upgrade their internet access and performance; the limited coverage of fixed-line broadband networks makes mobile the first, if not only, choice for most people in the country (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity is about 10 per 100 persons; mobile cellular subscriptions 88 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 1-809; 1-829; 1-849; landing point for the&nbsp;ARCOS-1, Antillas 1, AMX-1, SAm-1,&nbsp;East-West, Deep Blue Cable and the Fibralink submarine cables that provide links to South and Central America, parts of the Caribbean, and US; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "combination of state-owned and privately owned broadcast media; 1 state-owned TV network and a number of private TV networks; networks operate repeaters to extend signals throughout country; over 300 state-owned and privately owned radio stations&nbsp; (2019)"
},
@ -1211,7 +1200,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 55-60,000 Armed Forces personnel; up to 35,000 National Police (2025)"
"text": "approximately 55-60,000 Armed Forces; up to 35,000 National Police (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's equipment inventory comes largely from the US, with smaller quantities from such suppliers as Brazil and Spain (2024)"

13
central-america-n-caribbean/es.json
View file

@ -1034,17 +1034,6 @@
"text": "182 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "El Salvador is the smallest country in central America geographically, it has the fourth largest economy in the region; the country&rsquo;s telecom sector has been restricted by poor infrastructure and unequal income distribution; there have been organizational delays which have slowed the development of telecom services; El Salvador&rsquo;s fixed-line teledensity is substantially lower than the Latin American and Caribbean average; there has been a significant drop in the number of fixed lines since 2010, particularly in 2017, largely due to the substitution for mobile-only alternatives; about 94% of all telephony lines in the country are on mobile networks; mobile subscriptions are remarkably high considering El Salvador&rsquo;s economic indicators, being about a third higher than average for Latin America and the Caribbean; the country was one of the last in the region to provide LTE services, mainly due to the inadequate provision of suitable spectrum; the multi-spectrum auction conducted at the end of 2019 has allowed MNOs to improve the reach and quality of their service offerings; El Salvador&rsquo;s telecom legislation is one of the more liberal in Latin America, encouraging competition in most areas and permitting foreign investment; there are no regulations which promote wholesale broadband; the only effective cross-platform competition in the broadband market comes from the few cable operators; there has been some market consolidation in recent years (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line services, roughly 14 per 100, mobile-cellular competition now at 175 subscribers per 100 inhabitants (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 503; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to Central American Microwave System (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "multiple privately owned national terrestrial TV networks, supplemented by cable TV networks that carry international channels; hundreds of commercial radio stations and 2 government-owned radio stations; transition to digital transmission was set to begin in 2018, along with adoption of the Japanese-Brazilian Digital Standard (ISDB-T) (2022)"
},
@ -1134,7 +1123,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 25,000 active military personnel (2025)",
"text": "approximately 25,000 active FAES (2025)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> El Salvador has pledged to increase the size of the military to 40,000 troops by 2026"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {

11
central-america-n-caribbean/gj.json
View file

@ -937,17 +937,6 @@
"text": "81 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "the telecom sector has seen a decline in subscriber numbers (particularly for prepaid mobile services the mainstay of short term visitors) and revenue; fixed and mobile broadband services are two areas that have benefited from the crisis as employees and students have resorted to working from home; one area of the telecom market that is not prepared for growth is 5G mobile; governments, regulators, and even the mobile network operators have shown that they have not been investing in 5G opportunities at the present time; network expansion and enhancements remain concentrated around improving LTE coverage (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "21 per 100 for fixed-line and 81 per 100 for mobile-cellular (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 1-473; landing points for the&nbsp;ECFS, Southern Caribbean Fiber and CARCIP&nbsp;submarine cables with links to&nbsp;13 Caribbean islands extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad &amp; Tobago including Puerto Rico and Barbados; SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "multiple publicly and privately owned TV and radio stations; state-owned Grenada Information Service (GIS) provides TV and radio; the Grenada Broadcasting Network, jointly owned by the government and the Caribbean Communications Network of Trinidad and Tobago, operates a TV station and 2 radio stations; multi-channel cable TV subscription service is provided by Columbus Communications Grenada (FLOW GRENADA); approximately 25 private radio stations (2019)"
},

17
central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json
View file

@ -531,7 +531,7 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Bernardo AR&Eacute;VALO de Le&oacute;n (since 15 January 2024)&nbsp;"
"text": "President Bernardo AR&Eacute;VALO de Le&oacute;n (since 15 January 2024)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "President Bernardo AR&Eacute;VALO de Le&oacute;n (since 15 January 2024)"
@ -540,7 +540,7 @@
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (not eligible for consecutive terms); election last held on 25 June 2023 with a runoff on 20 August 2023 (next to be held in June 2027)"
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (not eligible for consecutive terms); election last held on 25 June 2023, with a runoff on 20 August 2023 (next to be held in June 2027)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em><br>2023:</em> Bernardo ARÉVALO de León elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Sandra TORRES (UNE) 21%; Bernardo ARÉVALO de León (SEMILLA) 15.6%, Manuel CONDE Orellana (VAMOS) 10.4%; Armando CASTILLO Alvarado (VIVA) 9.6%, other 43.4%; percent of vote in second round - Bernardo ARÉVALO de León 60.9%, Sandra TORRES 39.1%<br><em><br>2019:</em> Alejandro GIAMMATTEI elected president; percent of vote in first round - Sandra TORRES (UNE) 25.5%, Alejandro GIAMMATTEI (VAMOS) 14%, Edmond MULET (PHG) 11.2%, Thelma CABRERA (MLP) 10.4%, Roberto ARZU (PAN-PODEMOS) 6.1%, other 32.8%; percent of vote in second round - Alejandro GIAMMATTEI 58%, Sandra TORRES 42%"
@ -1070,17 +1070,6 @@
"text": "115 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Guatemala&rsquo;s telecom infrastructure has suffered from years of under investment from state and provincial government; the poor state of fixed-line infrastructure has led to Guatemala having one of the lowest fixed-line teledensities in the region; in many rural regions of the country there is no fixed-line access available, and so mobile services are adopted by necessity; private investment has been supported by government and regulatory efforts, resulting in a steady growth in the number of fixed lines which has supported growth in the fixed broadband segment; delays in launching LTE services left the country lagging behind in the development of mobile broadband and the benefits which it can bring to the country's social and economic growth; two new submarine cables are due for completion by 2022; improved international connectivity should drive further uptake of both fixed and mobile broadband services; intense competition among the networks has helped to improve services and lower prices for end-users; given the commercial impetus of networks, insufficient government financial investment has resulted in many regional areas remaining with poor or non-existent services; the country benefits from one of the most open regulatory frameworks, with all telecom sectors having been open to competition since 1996; mobile subscriptions are on par with the regional average, though the slower growth in the mobile subscriber base suggests a level of market saturation, with the emphasis among networks being on generating revenue via mobile data services (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity roughly 13 per 100 persons; fixed-line investments are concentrating on improving rural connectivity; mobile-cellular teledensity about 126 per 100 persons (2021)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 502; landing points for&nbsp;the ARCOS, AMX-1, American Movil-Texius&nbsp;West Coast Cable and the SAm-1 fiber-optic submarine cable system that, together, provide connectivity to South and Central America, parts of the Caribbean, and the US; connected to Central American Microwave System; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)"
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "4 privately owned national terrestrial TV channels dominate TV broadcasting; multi-channel satellite and cable services are available; 1 government-owned radio station and hundreds of privately owned radio stations (2019)"
},
@ -1175,7 +1164,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 20,000 active military personnel (2025)"
"text": "approximately 20,000 active Armed Forces (2025)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military is lightly armed with an inventory mostly comprised of older US equipment; in recent years, Guatemala has received small amounts of equipment from several countries, including Colombia, Spain, and the US (2024)"

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