From 41f53764dad13345460cdfc1d2030878d7e28aef Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Yo Robot Date: Thu, 15 Jul 2021 22:19:34 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] auto-update week 28 --- africa/ag.json | 8 ++++---- africa/bn.json | 2 +- africa/by.json | 8 ++++---- africa/cd.json | 10 +++++----- africa/cf.json | 4 ++-- africa/cg.json | 6 +++--- africa/cm.json | 10 +++++----- africa/ct.json | 6 +++--- africa/cv.json | 11 +++-------- africa/dj.json | 6 +++--- africa/eg.json | 7 ++----- africa/ek.json | 2 +- africa/er.json | 4 ++-- africa/et.json | 10 +++++----- africa/ga.json | 2 +- africa/gb.json | 4 ++-- africa/gh.json | 2 +- africa/gv.json | 4 ++-- africa/iv.json | 4 ++-- africa/ke.json | 8 ++++---- africa/li.json | 4 ++-- africa/lt.json | 2 +- africa/ly.json | 2 +- africa/ma.json | 2 +- africa/mi.json | 6 +++--- africa/ml.json | 10 +++++----- africa/mo.json | 6 +++--- africa/mr.json | 4 ++-- africa/mz.json | 2 +- africa/ng.json | 4 ++-- africa/ni.json | 8 ++++---- africa/od.json | 13 ++++++++----- africa/pu.json | 4 ++-- africa/rw.json | 8 ++++---- africa/se.json | 2 +- africa/sf.json | 9 ++++++--- africa/sg.json | 8 ++++---- africa/sl.json | 8 ++++---- africa/so.json | 8 ++++---- africa/su.json | 8 ++++---- africa/to.json | 6 +++--- africa/ts.json | 6 +++--- africa/tz.json | 4 ++-- africa/ug.json | 9 +++------ africa/uv.json | 9 ++++----- africa/wa.json | 2 +- africa/za.json | 4 ++-- africa/zi.json | 11 ++++------- australia-oceania/aq.json | 4 ++-- australia-oceania/as.json | 2 +- australia-oceania/fj.json | 2 +- australia-oceania/nh.json | 2 +- australia-oceania/nr.json | 5 +++++ australia-oceania/nz.json | 2 +- australia-oceania/ps.json | 2 +- australia-oceania/rm.json | 2 +- australia-oceania/tn.json | 2 +- central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json | 4 ++-- central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json | 2 +- central-america-n-caribbean/es.json | 7 +------ central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json | 4 ++-- central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json | 8 ++++---- central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json | 4 ++-- central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json | 4 ++-- central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json | 2 +- central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json | 2 +- central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json | 2 +- central-america-n-caribbean/uc.json | 4 ++-- central-america-n-caribbean/vi.json | 6 +++--- central-asia/kg.json | 8 ++++---- central-asia/kz.json | 10 +++++----- central-asia/rs.json | 4 ++-- central-asia/ti.json | 14 +++++++------- central-asia/tx.json | 10 +++++----- central-asia/uz.json | 8 ++++---- east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json | 6 +++--- east-n-southeast-asia/bx.json | 2 +- east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json | 2 +- east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json | 6 +++--- east-n-southeast-asia/id.json | 6 +++--- east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json | 2 +- east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json | 2 +- east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json | 4 ++-- east-n-southeast-asia/mc.json | 2 +- east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json | 2 +- east-n-southeast-asia/my.json | 6 +++--- east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json | 5 ++++- east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json | 6 +++--- east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json | 8 ++++---- east-n-southeast-asia/th.json | 9 ++++++--- east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json | 4 ++-- east-n-southeast-asia/tw.json | 8 ++++---- east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json | 4 ++-- europe/al.json | 7 ++----- europe/au.json | 2 +- europe/be.json | 2 +- europe/bk.json | 6 +++--- europe/bo.json | 6 +++--- europe/bu.json | 4 ++-- europe/cy.json | 7 +++++-- europe/da.json | 4 ++-- europe/ee.json | 3 +-- europe/ei.json | 2 +- europe/en.json | 2 +- europe/ez.json | 2 +- europe/fi.json | 4 ++-- europe/fr.json | 4 ++-- europe/gm.json | 4 ++-- europe/gr.json | 4 ++-- europe/hr.json | 6 +++--- europe/hu.json | 2 +- europe/ic.json | 2 +- europe/it.json | 6 +++--- europe/kv.json | 4 ++-- europe/lg.json | 2 +- europe/lh.json | 2 +- europe/lo.json | 6 +++--- europe/lu.json | 2 +- europe/md.json | 2 +- europe/mj.json | 6 +++--- europe/mk.json | 4 ++-- europe/mt.json | 2 +- europe/nl.json | 4 ++-- europe/no.json | 4 ++-- europe/pl.json | 2 +- europe/po.json | 6 +++--- europe/ri.json | 8 ++++---- europe/ro.json | 6 +++--- europe/si.json | 6 +++--- europe/sp.json | 10 +++++----- europe/sv.json | 2 +- europe/sw.json | 12 ++++++------ europe/sz.json | 10 +++++----- europe/uk.json | 10 +++++----- europe/up.json | 6 +++--- middle-east/ae.json | 2 +- middle-east/aj.json | 10 +++++----- middle-east/am.json | 8 ++++---- middle-east/gg.json | 9 +++------ middle-east/gz.json | 5 +++-- middle-east/ir.json | 11 +++++++---- middle-east/is.json | 6 +++--- middle-east/iz.json | 6 +++--- middle-east/jo.json | 11 +++++++---- middle-east/ku.json | 2 +- middle-east/le.json | 4 ++-- middle-east/qa.json | 8 ++++---- middle-east/sa.json | 2 +- middle-east/sy.json | 14 +++++++------- middle-east/tu.json | 6 +++--- middle-east/we.json | 5 +++-- middle-east/ym.json | 4 ++-- north-america/bd.json | 4 ++-- north-america/ca.json | 4 ++-- north-america/mx.json | 10 +++++----- north-america/us.json | 4 ++-- south-america/ar.json | 4 ++-- south-america/bl.json | 2 +- south-america/br.json | 4 ++-- south-america/co.json | 6 +++--- south-america/ec.json | 4 ++-- south-america/ns.json | 2 +- south-america/pa.json | 4 ++-- south-america/pe.json | 10 +++++----- south-america/uy.json | 2 +- south-america/ve.json | 2 +- south-asia/af.json | 6 +++--- south-asia/bg.json | 7 +++++-- south-asia/ce.json | 4 ++-- south-asia/in.json | 6 +++--- south-asia/np.json | 6 +++--- south-asia/pk.json | 12 ++++++------ world/xx.json | 2 +- 173 files changed, 457 insertions(+), 453 deletions(-) diff --git a/africa/ag.json b/africa/ag.json index 728c1783..5c3237ea 100644 --- a/africa/ag.json +++ b/africa/ag.json @@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ "text": "President Abdelmadjid TEBBOUNE (since 12 December 2019)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Abdelaziz DJERAD (since 28 December 2019)" + "text": "Prime Minister Ayman BENABDERRAHMANE (since 7 July 2021); note - President TEBBOUNE appointed BENABDERRAHMANE as prime minister following the resignation of Prime Minister Abdelaziz DJERAD on 24 June

 

 

Abdelaziz DJERAD (since 28 December 2019)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president" @@ -541,10 +541,10 @@ }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { - "text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:
Council of the Nation (upper house with 144 seats; one-third of members appointed by the president, two-thirds indirectly elected by simple majority vote by an electoral college composed of local council members; members serve 6-year terms with one-half of the membership renewed every 3 years)
National People's Assembly (lower house with 407 seats including 8 seats for Algerian diaspora); members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by open-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms); note - in March 2021 President TEBBOUNE ordered the number of Assembly seats be reduced to 407 from 462" + "text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:
Council of the Nation (upper house with 144 seats; one-third of members appointed by the president, two-thirds indirectly elected by simple majority vote by an electoral college composed of local council members; members serve 6-year terms with one-half of the membership renewed every 3 years)
National People's Assembly (lower house with 407 seats including 8 seats for Algerian diaspora); members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by open-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms); note - in March 2021, President TEBBOUNE ordered the number of Assembly seats be reduced to 407 from 462" }, "elections": { - "text": "
Council of the Nation - last held on 29 December 2018 (next to be held in December 2021)
National People's Assembly - snap election held on 12 June 2021 (next to be held NA)" + "text": "
Council of the Nation - last held on 29 December 2018 (next to be held in December 2021)
National People's Assembly - snap election held on 12 June 2021 (next to be held on 12 June 2026)" }, "election results": { "text": "
Council of the Nation - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 137, women 7, percent of women 5%,
National People's Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - FLN 98, MSP 65, RND 58, EL Mostakbel 48, Movement of National Construction 39, other 15, independent 84; composition - men 373, women 34, percent of women 8.4%; note - total Parliament percent of women 7.4%" @@ -562,7 +562,7 @@ } }, "Political parties and leaders": { - "text": "Algerian National Front or FNA [Moussa TOUATI]
Algerian Popular Movement or MPA [Amara BENYOUNES]
Algerian Rally or RA [Ali ZAGHDOUD]
Algeria's Hope Rally or TAJ [Amar GHOUL]
Democratic and Social Movement or MDS [Hamid FERHI]
Dignity or El Karama [Aymene HARKATI]
Ennour El Djazairi Party (Algerian Radiance Party) or PED [Badreddine BELBAZ]
Front for Justice and Development or El Adala [Abdallah DJABALLAH]
Future Front or El Mostakbel [Abdelaziz BELAID]
Islamic Renaissance Movement or Ennahda Movement [Mohamed DOUIBI]
Justice and Development Front or FJD [Abdellah DJABALLAH]
Movement of National Construction (Harakat El-Binaa El-Watani) [Abdelkader BENGRINA]
Movement of National Understanding or MEN
Movement for National Reform or Islah [Filali GHOUINI]
Movement of Society for Peace or MSP [Abderrazak MOKRI]
National Democratic Rally (Rassemblement National Democratique) or RND [Ahmed OUYAHIA]
National Front for Social Justice or FNJS [Khaled BOUNEDJEMA]
National Liberation Front or FLN [Mohamed DJEMAI]
National Party for Solidarity and Development or PNSD [Dalila YALAQUI]
National Reform Movement or Islah [Djahid YOUNSI]
National Republican Alliance or ANR [Belkacem SAHLI]
New Dawn Party or PFJ [Tahar BENBAIBECHE]
New Generation or Jil Jadid [Soufiane DJILALI]
Oath of 1954 or Ahd 54 [Ali Fawzi REBAINE]
Party of Justice and Liberty [Mohammed SAID]
Rally for Culture and Democracy or RCD [Mohcine BELABBAS]
Socialist Forces Front or FFS [Hakim BELAHCEL]
Union for Change and Progress or UCP [Zoubida Assoul]
Union of Democratic and Social Forces or UFDS [Noureddine BAHBOUH]
Vanguard of Freedoms (Talaie El Houriat) [Ali BENFLIS]
Youth Party or PJ [Hamana BOUCHARMA]
Workers Party or PT [Louisa HANOUNE]

note: a law banning political parties based on religion was enacted in March 1997", + "text": "Algerian National Front or FNA [Moussa TOUATI]
Algerian Popular Movement or MPA [Amara BENYOUNES]
Algerian Rally or RA [Ali ZAGHDOUD]
Algeria's Hope Rally or TAJ [Amar GHOUL]
Democratic and Social Movement or MDS [Hamid FERHI]
Dignity or El Karama [Aymene HARKATI]
Ennour El Djazairi Party (Algerian Radiance Party) or PED [Badreddine BELBAZ]
Front for Justice and Development or El Adala [Abdallah DJABALLAH]
Future Front or El Mostakbel [Abdelaziz BELAID]
Islamic Renaissance Movement or Ennahda Movement [Mohamed DOUIBI]
Justice and Development Front or FJD [Abdellah DJABALLAH]
Movement of National Construction (Harakat El-Binaa El-Watani) [Abdelkader BENGRINA]
Movement of National Understanding or MEN
Movement for National Reform or Islah [Filali GHOUINI]
Movement of Society for Peace or MSP [Abderrazak MAKRI]
National Democratic Rally (Rassemblement National Democratique) or RND [Ahmed OUYAHIA]
National Front for Social Justice or FNJS [Khaled BOUNEDJEMA]
National Liberation Front or FLN [Mohamed DJEMAI]
National Party for Solidarity and Development or PNSD [Dalila YALAQUI]
National Reform Movement or Islah [Djahid YOUNSI]
National Republican Alliance or ANR [Belkacem SAHLI]
New Dawn Party or PFJ [Tahar BENBAIBECHE]
New Generation or Jil Jadid [Soufiane DJILALI]
Oath of 1954 or Ahd 54 [Ali Fawzi REBAINE]
Party of Justice and Liberty [Mohammed SAID]
Rally for Culture and Democracy or RCD [Mohcine BELABBAS]
Socialist Forces Front or FFS [Hakim BELAHCEL]
Union for Change and Progress or UCP [Zoubida Assoul]
Union of Democratic and Social Forces or UFDS [Noureddine BAHBOUH]
Vanguard of Freedoms (Talaie El Houriat) [Ali BENFLIS]
Youth Party or PJ [Hamana BOUCHARMA]
Workers Party or PT [Louisa HANOUNE]

note: a law banning political parties based on religion was enacted in March 1997", "note": "note: a law banning political parties based on religion was enacted in March 1997" }, "International organization participation": { diff --git a/africa/bn.json b/africa/bn.json index 6477491d..50b6c564 100644 --- a/africa/bn.json +++ b/africa/bn.json @@ -1143,7 +1143,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Benin Armed Forces (FAB) are comprised of approximately 7,200 active duty troops (6,500 Army; 500 Navy; 200 Air Force); est. 5,000 Republican Police (2020)" + "text": "the Benin Armed Forces (FAB) are comprised of approximately 7,000 active duty troops; est. 5,000 Republican Police (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the FAB is equipped with a small mix of mostly older French and Soviet-era equipment (2021)" diff --git a/africa/by.json b/africa/by.json index 428ee1c9..3c211efc 100644 --- a/africa/by.json +++ b/africa/by.json @@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ }, "Food insecurity": { "widespread lack of access": { - "text": "due to floods, and landslides - about 1.33 million people were estimated to be severely food insecure in the October‑December 2020 period, mainly due to livelihood losses caused by floods and landslides, and as a result of the socio‑economic impact of the pandemic on the livelihoods of vulnerable households; torrential rains in April 2020 triggered flooding and landslides in several areas, affecting about 45,000 people and resulting in displacements, loss of life, and damage to infrastructure (2021)" + "text": "due to floods, and lack of rain - about 1 million people are estimated to be severely food insecure in the June−September 2021 period, mainly due to livelihood losses caused by poor rains in northern areas and by floods in western areas bordering Lake Tanganyika; the socio‑economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has put further constraints on livelihoods of vulnerable households. (2021)" } }, "Waste and recycling": { @@ -1101,7 +1101,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the National Defense Forces (FDN) have approximately 25,000 active duty troops, the majority of which are ground forces (2020.)" + "text": "the National Defense Forces (FDN) have approximately 25,000 active duty troops, the majority of which are ground forces (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the FDN is armed mostly with weapons from Russia and the former Soviet Union, with some Western equipment, largely from France; since 2010, the FDN has received small amounts of mostly second-hand equipment from China, South Africa, and the US (2020)" @@ -1125,10 +1125,10 @@ "text": "79,662 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "135,058 (some ethnic Tutsis remain displaced from intercommunal violence that broke out after the 1,993 coup and fighting between government forces and rebel groups; violence since April 2015) (2020)" + "text": "109,169 (some ethnic Tutsis remain displaced from intercommunal violence that broke out after the 1,993 coup and fighting between government forces and rebel groups; violence since April 2015) (2021)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "974 (2019)" + "text": "974 (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/africa/cd.json b/africa/cd.json index 183dc0c4..41b57102 100644 --- a/africa/cd.json +++ b/africa/cd.json @@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ }, "Food insecurity": { "widespread lack of access": { - "text": "due to civil insecurity - about 1.14 million people were projected to be in “Crisis” and above in the June‑August 2021 period due to persistent insecurity in the Lac and Tibesti regions, which continues to disrupt livelihood activities and to cause population displacements; about 336,124 people were displaced due to insecurity in Lake Chad Region; COVID‑19 pandemic containment measures continue to slow down the national economy, reducing employment opportunities; this downturn has contributed to a weakening of the purchasing power of poor vulnerable households, limiting their access to food (2021)" + "text": "due to civil insecurity - about 1.78 million people were projected to be in “Crisis” and above in the June‑August 2021 period due to persistent insecurity in the Lac and Tibesti regions, which continues to disrupt livelihood activities and to cause population displacements; about 336,124 people were displaced due to insecurity in Lake Chad Region; COVID‑19 pandemic containment measures continue to slow down the national economy, reducing employment opportunities; this downturn has contributed to a weakening of the purchasing power of poor vulnerable households, limiting their access to food (2021)" } }, "Waste and recycling": { @@ -1094,8 +1094,8 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Chadian National Army (Armee Nationale du Tchad, ANT): Ground Forces (l'Armee de Terre, AdT), Chadian Air Force (l'Armee de l'Air Tchadienne, AAT), General Direction of the Security Services of State Institutions (Direction Generale des Services de Securite des Institutions de l'Etat, GDSSIE); National Gendarmerie; National Nomadic Guard of Chad (GNNT) (2020)

note(s): the GDSSIE, formerly known as the Republican Guard, is the presidential guard force and considered Chad's elite military unit; it is comprised of men from President DEBY's own Zaghawa ethnic group, has the best equipment, and reports directly to him; the Chadian Army also includes the US-trained and equipped Special Anti-Terrorist Group (SATG)", - "note": "note(s): the GDSSIE, formerly known as the Republican Guard, is the presidential guard force and considered Chad's elite military unit; it is comprised of men from President DEBY's own Zaghawa ethnic group, has the best equipment, and reports directly to him; the Chadian Army also includes the US-trained and equipped Special Anti-Terrorist Group (SATG)" + "text": "Chadian National Army (Armee Nationale du Tchad, ANT): Ground Forces (l'Armee de Terre, AdT), Chadian Air Force (l'Armee de l'Air Tchadienne, AAT), General Direction of the Security Services of State Institutions (Direction Generale des Services de Securite des Institutions de l'Etat, GDSSIE); National Gendarmerie; National Nomadic Guard of Chad (GNNT) (2020)

note(s): the GDSSIE, formerly known as the Republican Guard, is the presidential guard force and considered Chad's elite military unit; the Chadian Army also includes the US-trained and equipped Special Anti-Terrorist Group (SATG)", + "note": "note(s): the GDSSIE, formerly known as the Republican Guard, is the presidential guard force and considered Chad's elite military unit; the Chadian Army also includes the US-trained and equipped Special Anti-Terrorist Group (SATG)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2019": { @@ -1115,7 +1115,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "estimates for the size of the Chadian National Army (ANT) vary; approximately 35,000 active personnel (30,000 Ground Forces; 300 Air Force; 5,000 General Direction of the Security Services of State Institutions); 5,000 National Gendarmerie; 3,500 National Nomadic Guard of Chad (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 35,000 active personnel (30,000 Ground Forces; 300 Air Force; 5,000 General Direction of the Security Services of State Institutions); 5,000 National Gendarmerie; 3,500 National Nomadic Guard of Chad (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the ANT is mostly armed with older or second-hand equipment from Belgium, France, Russia, and the former Soviet Union; since 2010, it has received equipment, including donations, from a variety of countries, including China, Italy, Ukraine, and the US (2020)" @@ -1143,7 +1143,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "372,722 (Sudan), 114,445 (Central African Republic), 16,294 (Nigeria) (2021)" + "text": "372,722 (Sudan), 118,168 (Central African Republic), 16,294 (Nigeria) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "401,511 (majority are in the east) (2021)" diff --git a/africa/cf.json b/africa/cf.json index 8a5b2d80..f08d2baf 100644 --- a/africa/cf.json +++ b/africa/cf.json @@ -1129,7 +1129,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Congolese Armed Forces (Forces Armees Congolaises, FAC): Army (Armee de Terre), Navy, Congolese Air Force (Armee de l'Air Congolaise); Gendarmerie; Presidential Guard (2021)" + "text": "Congolese Armed Forces (Forces Armees Congolaises, FAC): Army (Armee de Terre), Navy, Congolese Air Force (Armee de l'Air Congolaise), Gendarmerie (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2019": { @@ -1164,7 +1164,7 @@ "text": "20,700 (Central African Republic) (2020); 20,371 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "304,430 (multiple civil wars since 1992) (2020)" + "text": "304,430 (multiple civil wars since 1992) (2021)" } } } diff --git a/africa/cg.json b/africa/cg.json index aefed6f7..0171a8ac 100644 --- a/africa/cg.json +++ b/africa/cg.json @@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ }, "Food insecurity": { "widespread lack of access": { - "text": "due to persistent civil insecurity - an estimated 19.6 million people (33% of the analyzed population) were estimated to be severely food insecure in the first part of 2021, 10% below the high figure estimated for the July‑December 2020 period; the decline is mainly attributable to a modest recovery of economic activities and improved food availability early in 2021 (2021)" + "text": "due to persistent civil insecurity and COVID-19 restrictions - 27.3 million people are estimated to be severely food insecure in the February−July 2021 period, the highest level on record; this is due to the severe impact of movement restrictions related to the COVID‑19 pandemic which continue to limit cross‑border trade and access to markets, and the ongoing conflict in eastern provinces, which triggered population displacements and locally disrupt crop production, resulting in shortages of food supplies in some markets; the eruption, on 22 May 2021, of the Nyiragongo volcano, in North Kivu Province, caused the further displacement of about 415,000 people (2021)" } }, "Waste and recycling": { @@ -1178,7 +1178,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "size estimates for the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of Congo (FARDC) vary widely because of inconsistent and unreliable data, as well as the ongoing integration of various non-state armed groups/militias; approximately 100,000 active troops (mostly Army, but includes several thousand Navy and Air Force personnel, as well as about 10,000 Republican Guard; note -  Navy personnel includes naval infantry (2020)" + "text": "information varies widely because of inconsistent and unreliable data, as well as the ongoing integration of various non-state armed groups/militias; approximately 100,000 active troops (mostly Army, but includes several thousand Navy and Air Force personnel, as well as about 10,000 Republican Guard; note -  Navy personnel includes naval infantry) (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the FARDC is equipped mostly with a mix of second-hand Russian and Soviet-era weapons acquired from former Warsaw Pact nations; most equipment was acquired between 1970 and 2000; since 2010, Ukraine is the largest supplier of arms to the FARDC (2020)" @@ -1205,7 +1205,7 @@ "text": "213,329 (Rwanda) (refugees and asylum seekers), 206,491 (Central African Republic), 55,784 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 44,193 (Burundi) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "5.2 million (fighting between government forces and rebels since mid-1990s; conflict in Kasai region since 2016) (2020)" + "text": "5.268 million (fighting between government forces and rebels since mid-1990s; conflict in Kasai region since 2016) (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/africa/cm.json b/africa/cm.json index e01eccd9..2b0bdb76 100644 --- a/africa/cm.json +++ b/africa/cm.json @@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ }, "Food insecurity": { "severe localized food insecurity": { - "text": "due to civil insecurity and population displacements - about 2.7 million people were estimated to be severely food insecure in the October‑December 2020 period, well above the previous year’s level; this is mainly the result of conflict, socio‑political unrest, flooding, and COVID‑19-related economic shocks; in the Far North Region, incursions by Boko Haram increased by 55% in 2020 compared to the previous year and triggered new population displacements (2021)" + "text": "due to civil insecurity and population displacements - according to a March 2021 analysis, about 1.9 million people (7 percent of the total population) were projected to be severely food insecure in the June‑August 2021 period; this mainly results from the effects of Boko Haram incursions in the Far North Region, the socio‑political unrest in the Northwest and Southwest regions and COVID‑19 related economic shocks, which disrupted trade flows and agricultural practices, deteriorated livelihoods and displaced people (2021)" } }, "Waste and recycling": { @@ -1163,8 +1163,8 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Cameroon Armed Forces (Forces Armees Camerounaises, FAC): Army (L'Armee de Terre), Navy (Marine Nationale Republique, MNR, includes naval infantry), Air Force (Armee de l'Air du Cameroun, AAC), Rapid Intervention Battalion (Bataillons d’Intervention Rapide, BIR), Gendarmerie, Presidential Guard (2020)

note - the Rapid Intervention Battalion, a brigade-sized force comprised of several high-readiness land units, maintains its own command and control structure and reports directly to President BIYA, rather than the Defense Minister", - "note": "note - the Rapid Intervention Battalion, a brigade-sized force comprised of several high-readiness land units, maintains its own command and control structure and reports directly to President BIYA, rather than the Defense Minister" + "text": "Cameroon Armed Forces (Forces Armees Camerounaises, FAC): Army (L'Armee de Terre), Navy (Marine Nationale Republique, MNR, includes naval infantry), Air Force (Armee de l'Air du Cameroun, AAC), Rapid Intervention Battalion (Bataillons d’Intervention Rapide, BIR), Gendarmerie, Presidential Guard (2021)

note - the Rapid Intervention Battalion, a brigade-sized force comprised of several high-readiness land units, maintains its own command and control structure and reports directly to the President, rather than the Defense Minister", + "note": "note - the Rapid Intervention Battalion, a brigade-sized force comprised of several high-readiness land units, maintains its own command and control structure and reports directly to the President, rather than the Defense Minister" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2019": { @@ -1184,7 +1184,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "size assessments for the Cameroon Armed Forces (FAC) vary widely; approximately 45,000 active duty troops; (30,000 ground forces, including the BIR and Presidential Guard; 2,000 Navy; 1,000 Air Force; 12,000 Gendarmerie) (2020)" + "text": "information varies widely; approximately 40,000 active duty troops; (25,000 ground forces, including the BIR and Presidential Guard; 2,000 Navy; 1,000 Air Force; 12,000 Gendarmerie) (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the FAC inventory includes a mix of mostly older or second-hand Chinese, Russian, and Western equipment, with a limited quantity of more modern weapons; since 2010, China is the leading supplier of armaments to the FAC (2020)" @@ -1215,7 +1215,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "323,524 (Central African Republic), 118,002 (Nigeria) (2021)" + "text": "325,366 (Central African Republic), 118,334 (Nigeria) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "1,032,942 (2021) (includes far north, northwest, and southwest)" diff --git a/africa/ct.json b/africa/ct.json index 730953c5..2117ebe2 100644 --- a/africa/ct.json +++ b/africa/ct.json @@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ }, "Food insecurity": { "exceptional shortfall in aggregate food production/supplies": { - "text": "due to conflict and population displacements - the 2020 aggregate crop production was forecast slightly below the average of the last five years, due to the impacts of floods and persistent insecurity, coupled with the effects of the COVID‑19 pandemic; according to Food and Agriculture Organization analysis, the number of severely food insecure people was estimated at 1.9 million in the September 2020-April 2021 period, a 20% increase over the previous year; the escalation is due to persistent fighting and the upsurge of violence between armed groups that has contributed to the high level of food prices and resulted in widespread population displacements (2021)" + "text": "due to conflict and population displacements - ongoing conflicts and population displacements due to armed violence that followed the December 2020 elections, adding to the already high levels of civil insecurity, coupled with restrictive measures to control the COVID‑19 pandemic, are expected to continue affecting agricultural activities and limit farmers’ access to crop‑growing areas and inputs, with a negative impact on 2021 crop production (2021)" } }, "Waste and recycling": { @@ -1102,7 +1102,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "size estimates for the FACA vary; approximately 8-10,000 troops (includes a small air component of 100-200) and up to 2,000 Gendarmerie (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 10,000 active troops, including an air component of 100-200 and up to 2,000 Gendarmerie (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the FACA is lightly and poorly armed with mostly outdated weapons; since 2010, it has received small amounts of second-hand equipment from China, Russia, and Ukraine (2020)

note: since 2013, CAR has been under a UNSC arms embargo; the embargo bans all supplies of arms and related materiel to the country except to the CAR security forces if approved in advance by the relevant UN Sanctions Committee", @@ -1124,7 +1124,7 @@ "text": "5,769 (Democratic Republic of Congo) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "729,005 (clashes between army and rebel groups since 2005; tensions between ethnic groups) (2021)" + "text": "727,161 (clashes between army and rebel groups since 2005; tensions between ethnic groups) (2021)" } } } diff --git a/africa/cv.json b/africa/cv.json index 4516ab80..9d28e823 100644 --- a/africa/cv.json +++ b/africa/cv.json @@ -420,11 +420,6 @@ "text": "1.83% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)" } }, - "Food insecurity": { - "severe localized food insecurity": { - "text": "due to lingering effects of drought - about 10,000 people (approximately 2% of the total population) were estimated to be in “Crisis” in the June‑August 2020 period; the main causes of the food insecurity are the drought and pest attacks on cereal and fodder production (2021)" - } - }, "Waste and recycling": { "municipal solid waste generated annually": { "text": "132,555 tons (2012 est.)" @@ -1048,7 +1043,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Cabo Verdean Armed Forces (FACV): Army (also called the National Guard, GN; includes a small air component), Cabo Verde Coast Guard (Guardia Costeira de Cabo Verde, GCCV) (2020)" + "text": "Cabo Verdean Armed Forces (FACV): Army (also called the National Guard, GN; includes a small air component), Cabo Verde Coast Guard (Guardia Costeira de Cabo Verde, GCCV) (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2019": { @@ -1068,7 +1063,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Cabo Verdean Armed Forces (FACV) consist of approximately 1,100 Army (includes an air component of about 100 personnel) and 100 Coast Guard active duty troops (2020)" + "text": "the Cabo Verdean Armed Forces (FACV) consist of approximately 1,200 personnel including about 100 in the Coast Guard (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the FACV has a limited amount of mostly dated and second-hand equipment, largely from China, European countries, and the former Soviet Union; since 2010, it has received limited quantities of equipment (naval patrol craft and aircraft) from the Netherlands and Portugal (2020)" @@ -1083,7 +1078,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "115 (2019)" + "text": "115 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/africa/dj.json b/africa/dj.json index b3286038..d3afb86f 100644 --- a/africa/dj.json +++ b/africa/dj.json @@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ }, "Food insecurity": { "widespread lack of access": { - "text": "due to floods - about 194,000 people were estimated to be severely food insecure in the January‑August 2021 period, mainly due to livelihood losses caused by floods and landslides, and as a result of the socio‑economic impact of the pandemic on the livelihoods of vulnerable households (2021)" + "text": "due to floods - about 194,000 people were estimated to be severely food insecure in the January‑August 2021 period, mainly due to livelihood losses caused by floods and landslides, and as a result of the socio‑economic impact of the pandemic on the livelihoods of vulnerable households; Cyclone Sagar struck the country on 19 and 20 May 2021, bringing torrential rains; the precipitation received, about 110 mm, was the equivalent of the average rainfall for an entire year and triggered heavy flooding, especially in the capital, Djibouti City and surrounding areas (2021)" } }, "Waste and recycling": { @@ -1071,7 +1071,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Djibouti Armed Forces (FAD): Army, Navy, Air Force, National Gendarmerie; Djibouti Coast Guard (2020)" + "text": "Djibouti Armed Forces (FAD): Army, Navy, Air Force, National Gendarmerie; Djibouti Coast Guard (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2017": { @@ -1091,7 +1091,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Djibouti Armed Forces (FAD) have approximately 10,500 active troops (8,000 Army; 250 Naval; 250 Air; 2,000 Gendarmerie); 150 Coast Guard (2020)" + "text": "the Djibouti Armed Forces (FAD) have approximately 10,500 active troops (8,000 Army; 250 Naval; 250 Air; 2,000 Gendarmerie) (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the FAD is armed largely with older French and Soviet-era weapons systems; since 2010, it has received limited amounts of mostly second-hand equipment from a variety of countries, including Canada, China, France, Italy, Saudi Arabia, and the US (2020)" diff --git a/africa/eg.json b/africa/eg.json index d791f5c0..17d5672e 100644 --- a/africa/eg.json +++ b/africa/eg.json @@ -1201,13 +1201,10 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "70,010 (West Bank and Gaza Strip) (2019); 132,408 (Syria) (refugees and asylum seekers), 49,249 (Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 19,805 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 19,079 (Eritrea) (refugees and asylum seekers), 16,099 (Ethiopia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 9,267 (Yemen) (refugees and asylum seekers), 6,806 (Iraq) (refugees and asylum seekers), 6,730 (Somalia) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" - }, - "IDPs": { - "text": "97,000 (2019)" + "text": "70,010 (West Bank and Gaza Strip) (2019); 132,748 (Syria) (refugees), 49,249 (Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 19,805 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 19,079 (Eritrea) (refugees and asylum seekers), 16,099 (Ethiopia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 9,267 (Yemen) (refugees and asylum seekers), 6,806 (Iraq) (refugees and asylum seekers), 6,730 (Somalia) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "5 (2019)" + "text": "10 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/africa/ek.json b/africa/ek.json index 1a9491ab..6e224e16 100644 --- a/africa/ek.json +++ b/africa/ek.json @@ -1080,7 +1080,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Equatorial Guinea Armed Forces (FAGE) have approximately 1,400 active duty troops (1,100 Army; 200 Navy; 100 Air Force); approximately 400 Guardia Civil (2021)" + "text": "the Equatorial Guinea Armed Forces (FAGE) have approximately 1,400 active duty troops; approximately 400 Guardia Civil (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the FAGE is armed with mostly older (typically Soviet-era) and second-hand weapons systems; in recent years,it has sought to modernize its naval inventory; Ukraine is the leading provider of equipment since 2010, followed by Israel (2020)" diff --git a/africa/er.json b/africa/er.json index 3c28bfcc..448ae99a 100644 --- a/africa/er.json +++ b/africa/er.json @@ -1063,7 +1063,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Eritrean Defense Forces: Eritrean Ground Forces, Eritrean Navy, Eritrean Air Force (includes Air Defense Force) (2020)" + "text": "Eritrean Defense Forces: Eritrean Ground Forces, Eritrean Navy, Eritrean Air Force (includes Air Defense Force) (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2017": { @@ -1083,7 +1083,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Eritrean Defense Forces are comprised of an estimated 200,000 personnel, including about 2,000 in the naval and air forces; note – it is unclear how many of the EDF’s  personnel are on active duty; the force includes significant numbers of conscripts, many of which are reportedly not under arms (2020)" + "text": "the Eritrean Defense Forces are comprised of an estimated 200,000 personnel, including about 2,000 in the naval and air forces; note – it is unclear how many of the EDF’s  personnel are on active duty; the force includes significant numbers of conscripts, many of which are reportedly not under arms (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Eritrean Defense Forces inventory is comprised primarily of older Russian and Soviet-era systems; Eritrea was under a UN arms embargo from 2009 to 2018; from the 1990s to 2008, Russia was the leading supplier of arms to Eritrea, followed by Belarus; in 2019, Eritrea expressed interest in purchasing Russian arms, including missile boats, helicopters, and small arms; in January 2020, Russia announced it would provide two helicopters by the end of the year (2020)" diff --git a/africa/et.json b/africa/et.json index 9d4a72f8..affeb5f8 100644 --- a/africa/et.json +++ b/africa/et.json @@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ }, "Food insecurity": { "widespread lack of access": { - "text": "due to high food prices, floods, desert locusts, insecurity, and the impact of previous droughts - about 12.9 million people were estimated to be severely food insecure between January and June 2021; the main causes include localized crop and pasture losses due to locust infestations, high food prices, and the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on incomes and food prices; humanitarian needs have sharply increased in the Tigray Region after conflict erupted in November 2020 (2021)" + "text": "due to civil conflict - more than 16 million people were estimated to be severely food insecure in the May−June 2021 period; particular concerns exist for the Tigray Region and neighboring zones of Amhara and Afar regions, where 5.5 million people (about 60 percent of the population) are estimated to face severe food insecurity due to the conflict which started in November 2020 (2021)" } }, "Waste and recycling": { @@ -1165,7 +1165,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "estimates for the size of the Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) vary; approximately 150,000 active duty troops, including about 3,000 Air Force personnel (no personnel numbers available for the newly-established Navy) (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 140,000 active duty troops, including about 3,000 Air Force personnel (no personnel numbers available for the newly-established Navy) (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the ENDF's inventory is comprised mostly of Soviet-era equipment from the 1970s; since 2010, Russia and Ukraine are the leading suppliers of largely second-hand weapons and equipment to the ENDF, followed by China and Hungary; Ethiopia has a modest industrial defense base centered on small arms and production of armored vehicles (2020)" @@ -1177,7 +1177,7 @@ "text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; no compulsory military service, but the military can conduct callups when necessary and compliance is compulsory (2019)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "each of the nine states has a regional and/or a \"special\" paramilitary security force that report to regional civilian authorities; local militias operate across the country in loose and varying coordination with these regional security and police forces, the Ethiopian Federal Police (EFP), and the Ethiopian military; the EFP reports to the Ministry of Peace, which was created in October of 2018

Ethiopia faces considerable ethnic violence in some regions, including Oromo, where the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA) has conducted numerous attacks targeting the Amhara ethnic group; the OLA, assessed to number in the low thousands, broke off from the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF), an opposition party that spent years in exile but was allowed to return to Ethiopia after ABIY took office in 2018

in November 2020, the Ethiopian Government launched military operations against the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) – an ethnically-based political entity that runs the Tigray regional government and had its own paramilitary security forces; the TPLF had increasingly challenged the authority of the Federal Government; the TPLF’s security forces date back to the 1980s when it led the guerrilla movement that brought the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front coalition to power; during the fighting, the Ethiopian Government allowed ethnic Amhara and Afar militias to attack the TLPF (now merged into the Tigray Defense Forces, TDF); in addition, it invited Eritrean military forces to join in the fighting; as of May 2021, the Ethiopian military continued operations against the TLPF/TDF, which has resorted to guerrilla warfare; Ethiopian and Eritrean military forces, as well as ethnic militias, have all been accused of committing atrocities against Tigrayan civilians 

" + "text": "each of the nine states has a regional and/or a \"special\" paramilitary security force that report to regional civilian authorities; local militias operate across the country in loose and varying coordination with these regional security and police forces, the Ethiopian Federal Police (EFP), and the Ethiopian military; the EFP reports to the Ministry of Peace, which was created in October of 2018

Ethiopia faces considerable ethnic violence in some regions, including Oromo, where the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA) has conducted numerous attacks targeting the Amhara ethnic group; the OLA, assessed to number in the low thousands, broke off from the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF), an opposition party that spent years in exile but was allowed to return to Ethiopia after ABIY took office in 2018

in November 2020, the Ethiopian Government launched military operations against the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) – an ethnically-based political entity that runs the Tigray regional government and had its own paramilitary security forces; the TPLF had increasingly challenged the authority of the Federal Government; the TPLF’s security forces date back to the 1980s when it led the guerrilla movement that brought the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front coalition to power; during the fighting, the Ethiopian Government allowed ethnic Amhara and Afar militias to attack the TLPF (now merged into the Tigray Defense Forces, TDF); in addition, it invited Eritrean military forces to join in the fighting; Ethiopian and Eritrean military forces, as well as ethnic militias, have all been accused of committing atrocities against Tigrayan civilians during the fighting, which continued into 2021

" } }, "Terrorism": { @@ -1192,10 +1192,10 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "372,067 (South Sudan), 209,949 (Somalia), 182,853 (Eritrea), 45,249 (Sudan) (2021)" + "text": "372,912 (South Sudan), 211,092 (Somalia), 172,768 (Eritrea), 45,648 (Sudan) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "1,735,481 (includes conflict- and climate-induced IDPs, excluding unverified estimates from the Amhara region; border war with Eritrea from 1998-2000; ethnic clashes; and ongoing fighting between the Ethiopian military and separatist rebel groups in the Somali and Oromia regions; natural disasters; intercommunal violence; most IDPs live in Sumale state) (2019)" + "text": "1,990,168 (includes conflict- and climate-induced IDPs, excluding unverified estimates from the Amhara region; border war with Eritrea from 1998-2000; ethnic clashes; and ongoing fighting between the Ethiopian military and separatist rebel groups in the Somali and Oromia regions; natural disasters; intercommunal violence; most IDPs live in Sumale state) (2021)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/africa/ga.json b/africa/ga.json index 0c19eec7..c0294d82 100644 --- a/africa/ga.json +++ b/africa/ga.json @@ -1109,7 +1109,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "estimates for the size of the Gambian National Army (GNA) vary; approximately 3,000 total active troops (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 2,000 total active troops (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the GNA has a limited equipment inventory; the only reported weapons deliveries to the GNA since 2000 are second-hand patrol boats from Taiwan (2009) and one aircraft from Georgia (2004) (2020)" diff --git a/africa/gb.json b/africa/gb.json index 2fe85993..c71b4df3 100644 --- a/africa/gb.json +++ b/africa/gb.json @@ -1116,7 +1116,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Gabonese Defense Forces (Forces de Defense Gabonaise): Land Forces (Army), Navy, Air Forces, National Gendarmerie; Republican Guard (land forces under direct presidential control) (2020)" + "text": "Gabonese Defense Forces (Forces de Defense Gabonaise): Land Forces (Army), Navy, Air Forces, National Gendarmerie; Republican Guard (land forces under direct presidential control) (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2019": { @@ -1136,7 +1136,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Gabonese Defense Forces (FDG) are comprised of approximately 6,500 active duty troops (3,000 Land Forces, including the Republican Guard; 500 Navy; 1,000 Air Force; 2,000 Gendarmerie) (2020)" + "text": "the Gabonese Defense Forces (FDG) are comprised of approximately 6,500 active duty troops including the Republican Guard and Gendarmerie (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the FDG is lightly armed with an inventory comprised mostly of Brazilian, French, and South African equipment; since 2010, it has received limited amounts of equipment with France and South Africa as the leading suppliers (2020)" diff --git a/africa/gh.json b/africa/gh.json index 26eed148..c61488e4 100644 --- a/africa/gh.json +++ b/africa/gh.json @@ -1178,7 +1178,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "6,386 (Cote d'Ivoire) (flight from 2010 post-election fighting) (2021)" + "text": "6,398 (Cote d'Ivoire) (flight from 2010 post-election fighting) (2021)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/africa/gv.json b/africa/gv.json index 5e98671a..58a7a192 100644 --- a/africa/gv.json +++ b/africa/gv.json @@ -1128,7 +1128,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "National Armed Forces: Army, Guinean Navy (Armee de Mer or Marine Guineenne, includes Marines), Guinean Air Force (Force Aerienne de Guinee), Presidential Security Battalion (Battailon Autonome de la Sécurité Presidentielle, BASP), Gendarmerie (2020)" + "text": "National Armed Forces: Army, Guinean Navy (Armee de Mer or Marine Guineenne), Guinean Air Force (Force Aerienne de Guinee), Presidential Security Battalion (Battailon Autonome de la Sécurité Presidentielle, BASP), Gendarmerie (2020)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2019": { @@ -1148,7 +1148,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "Guinean National Armed Forces are comprised of approximately 12,000 active personnel
(9,000 Army; 400 Navy; 800 Air Force; 300 BASP; 1,500 Gendarmerie) (2019)" + "text": "Guinean National Armed Forces are comprised of approximately 12,000 active personnel
(9,000 Army; 400 Navy; 800 Air Force; 300 BASP; 1,500 Gendarmerie) (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the inventory of the Guinean military consists largely of ageing and outdated (mostly Soviet-era) equipment; since 2010, it has received small amounts of equipment from France, Russia, and South Africa (2020)" diff --git a/africa/iv.json b/africa/iv.json index 9af96bbb..69cea51a 100644 --- a/africa/iv.json +++ b/africa/iv.json @@ -1199,10 +1199,10 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "IDPs": { - "text": "303,000 (post-election conflict in 2010-11, as well as civil war from 2002-04; land disputes; most pronounced in western and southwestern regions) (2019)" + "text": "308,000 (post-election conflict in 2010-11, as well as civil war from 2002-04; land disputes; most pronounced in western and southwestern regions) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "955,399 (2019); note - many Ivoirians lack documentation proving their nationality, which prevent them from accessing education and healthcare; birth on Ivorian soil does not automatically result in citizenship; disputes over citizenship and the associated rights of the large population descended from migrants from neighboring countries is an ongoing source of tension and contributed to the country's 2002 civil war; some observers believe the government's mass naturalizations of thousands of people over the last couple of years is intended to boost its electoral support base; the government in October 2013 acceded to international conventions on statelessness and in August 2013 reformed its nationality law, key steps to clarify the nationality of thousands of residents; since the adoption of the Abidjan Declaration to eradicate statelessness in West Africa in February 2015, 6,400 people have received nationality papers" + "text": "954,531 (2020); note - many Ivoirians lack documentation proving their nationality, which prevent them from accessing education and healthcare; birth on Ivorian soil does not automatically result in citizenship; disputes over citizenship and the associated rights of the large population descended from migrants from neighboring countries is an ongoing source of tension and contributed to the country's 2002 civil war; some observers believe the government's mass naturalizations of thousands of people over the last couple of years is intended to boost its electoral support base; the government in October 2013 acceded to international conventions on statelessness and in August 2013 reformed its nationality law, key steps to clarify the nationality of thousands of residents; since the adoption of the Abidjan Declaration to eradicate statelessness in West Africa in February 2015, 6,400 people have received nationality papers" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/africa/ke.json b/africa/ke.json index f0f9ab1f..b753fe05 100644 --- a/africa/ke.json +++ b/africa/ke.json @@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ }, "Food insecurity": { "exceptional shortfall in aggregate food production/supplies": { - "text": "due to floods, desert locusts - about 850,000 people were estimated to be severely food insecure in the October‑December 2020 period, down from 3.1 million people in late 2019 due to consecutive favorable rainy seasons; by contrast, the food security situation deteriorated in urban areas, where about 1 million people were estimated to be food insecure due to the socio-economic impact of the pandemic on the livelihoods of vulnerable households (2021)" + "text": "due to poor seasonal rains, and desert locusts - about 2 million people were estimated to be severely food insecure in the March−May 2021 period, reflecting the poor performance of both the October−December 2020 “short-rains” and the March−May 2021 “long-rains” that affected crop and livestock production in northern and eastern pastoral, agro-pastoral and marginal agriculture areas; other limiting factors include the measures implemented to curb the spread of the COVID‑19 pandemic which affected off‑farm income earning opportunities, including petty trade, charcoal and firewood sales, and to localized but significant locust‑induced pasture losses (2021)" } }, "Waste and recycling": { @@ -1226,13 +1226,13 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "269,579 (Somalia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 130,621 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 30,081 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 29,914 (Ethiopia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 17,674 (Burundi) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" + "text": "269,870 (Somalia), 130,619 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 30,081 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 20,560 (Ethiopia), 7,081 (Burundi) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "162,000 (election-related violence, intercommunal violence, resource conflicts, al-Shabaab attacks in 2017 and 2018) (2019)" + "text": "190,000 (election-related violence, intercommunal violence, resource conflicts, al-Shabaab attacks in 2017 and 2018) (2020)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "18,500 (2019); note - the stateless population consists of Nubians, Kenyan Somalis, and coastal Arabs; the Nubians are descendants of Sudanese soldiers recruited by the British to fight for them in East Africa more than a century ago; Nubians did not receive Kenyan citizenship when the country became independent in 1963; only recently have Nubians become a formally recognized tribe and had less trouble obtaining national IDs; Galjeel and other Somalis who have lived in Kenya for decades are included with more recent Somali refugees and denied ID cards" + "text": "16,820 (2020); note - the stateless population consists of Nubians, Kenyan Somalis, and coastal Arabs; the Nubians are descendants of Sudanese soldiers recruited by the British to fight for them in East Africa more than a century ago; Nubians did not receive Kenyan citizenship when the country became independent in 1963; only recently have Nubians become a formally recognized tribe and had less trouble obtaining national IDs; Galjeel and other Somalis who have lived in Kenya for decades are included with more recent Somali refugees and denied ID cards" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/africa/li.json b/africa/li.json index 173c626e..c7922554 100644 --- a/africa/li.json +++ b/africa/li.json @@ -1101,7 +1101,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Armed Forces of Liberia (AFL): Army, Liberian Coast Guard (2020)

note - an AFL Air Wing is under development; it was previously disbanded in 2005, but two Liberian pilots completed training by the Nigerian Air Force in 2018", + "text": "Armed Forces of Liberia (AFL): Army, Liberian Coast Guard (2021)

note - an AFL Air Wing is under development; it was previously disbanded in 2005, but two Liberian pilots completed training by the Nigerian Air Force in 2018", "note": "note - an AFL Air Wing is under development; it was previously disbanded in 2005, but two Liberian pilots completed training by the Nigerian Air Force in 2018" }, "Military expenditures": { @@ -1140,7 +1140,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "8,094 (Cote d'Ivoire) (2021)" + "text": "8,303 (Cote d'Ivoire) (2021)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/africa/lt.json b/africa/lt.json index 2bde5721..f07595ee 100644 --- a/africa/lt.json +++ b/africa/lt.json @@ -1080,7 +1080,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Lesotho Defense Force (LDF) has approximately 2,000 personnel, including about 150 in the air wing (2020)" + "text": "the Lesotho Defense Force (LDF) has approximately 2,000 personnel (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the LDF has a small inventory of older equipment from a variety of countries; the only reported delivery to the LDF since 2007 was two second-hand helicopters from France in 2017 and 2019 (2019 est.)" diff --git a/africa/ly.json b/africa/ly.json index 93030b69..c0c878cd 100644 --- a/africa/ly.json +++ b/africa/ly.json @@ -1056,7 +1056,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "15,735 (Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 14,518 (Syria) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" + "text": "15,971 (Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 14,412 (Syria) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "245,483 (conflict between pro-QADHAFI and anti-QADHAFI forces in 2011; post-QADHAFI tribal clashes 2014) (2021)" diff --git a/africa/ma.json b/africa/ma.json index 651acead..c173cdfe 100644 --- a/africa/ma.json +++ b/africa/ma.json @@ -1144,7 +1144,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Peoples Armed Forces (PAF) have approximately 13,000 personnel (12,000 Army; 500 Navy; 500 Air Force) est. 10,000 Gendarmerie (2020)" + "text": "the Peoples Armed Forces (PAF) have approximately 13,000 personnel (12,000 Army; 500 Navy; 500 Air Force); est. 10,000 Gendarmerie (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the PAF's inventory consists mostly of ageing Soviet-era equipment; since 2010, it has received limited amounts of second-hand equipment from France, South Africa, and UAE (2020)" diff --git a/africa/mi.json b/africa/mi.json index 306c52f9..0102717b 100644 --- a/africa/mi.json +++ b/africa/mi.json @@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ } }, "Ethnic groups": { - "text": "Chewa 34.3%, Lomwe 18.8%, Yao 13.2%, Ngoni 10.4%, Tumbuka 9.2%, Sena 3.8%, Mang'anja 3.2%, Tonga 1.8%, Nyanja 1.8%, Nkhonde 1%, other 2.2%, foreign .3% (2018 est.)" + "text": "Chewa 34.3%, Lomwe 18.8%, Yao 13.2%, Ngoni 10.4%, Tumbuka 9.2%, Sena 3.8%, Mang'anja 3.2%, Tonga 1.8%, Nyanja 1.8%, Nkhonde 1%, other 2.2%, foreign 0.3% (2018 est.)" }, "Languages": { "text": "English (official), Chewa (common), Lambya, Lomwe, Ngoni, Nkhonde, Nyakyusa, Nyanja, Sena, Tonga, Tumbuka, Yao

note: Chewa and Nyanja are mutually intelligible dialects; Nkhonde and Nyakyusa are mutually intelligible dialects", @@ -1114,7 +1114,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Malawi Defense Force (MDF): Army (includes marine unit), Air Force (established as a separate service August 2019; previously was an air wing under the Army) (2020)" + "text": "Malawi Defense Force (MDF): Army (includes marine unit), Air Force (established as a separate service August 2019; previously was an air wing under the Army) (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2019": { @@ -1134,7 +1134,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "size estimates for the Malawi Defense Force vary; approximately 8,000 personnel (including about 200 air and 200 marine forces) (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 8,000 total personnel (including about 200 air and 200 marine forces) (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Malawi Defense Force inventory is comprised of mostly obsolescent or second-hand equipment from Europe and South Africa; since 2010, it has taken deliveries of limited amounts of mostly second-hand equipment from China, South Africa, and the UK, as well as non-lethal equipment donated by the US (2020)" diff --git a/africa/ml.json b/africa/ml.json index 4ee69cf1..a37d486a 100644 --- a/africa/ml.json +++ b/africa/ml.json @@ -108,10 +108,10 @@ } }, "Ethnic groups": { - "text": "Bambara 33.3%, Fulani (Peuhl) 13.3%, Sarakole/Soninke/Marka 9.8%, Senufo/Manianka 9.6%, Malinke 8.8%, Dogon 8.7%, Sonrai 5.9%, Bobo 2.1%, Tuareg/Bella 1.7%, other Malian 6%, from members of Economic Community of West Africa .4%, other .3% (2018 est.)" + "text": "Bambara 33.3%, Fulani (Peuhl) 13.3%, Sarakole/Soninke/Marka 9.8%, Senufo/Manianka 9.6%, Malinke 8.8%, Dogon 8.7%, Sonrai 5.9%, Bobo 2.1%, Tuareg/Bella 1.7%, other Malian 6%, from members of Economic Community of West Africa 0.4%, other 0.3% (2018 est.)" }, "Languages": { - "text": "French (official), Bambara 46.3%, Peuhl/Foulfoulbe 9.4%, Dogon 7.2%, Maraka/Soninke 6.4%, Malinke 5.6%, Sonrhai/Djerma 5.6%, Minianka 4.3%, Tamacheq 3.5%, Senoufo 2.6%, Bobo 2.1%, unspecified 0.7%, other 6.3% (2009 est.)

note: Mali has 13 national languages in addition to its official language", + "text": "French (official), Bambara 46.3%, Peuhl/Foulfoulbe 9.4%, Dogon 7.2%, Maraka/Soninke 6.4%, Malinke 5.6%, Sonrhai/Djerma 5.6%, Minianka 4.3%, Tamacheq 3.5%, Senoufo 2.6%, Bobo 2.1%, other 6.3%, unspecified 0.7% (2009 est.)

note: Mali has 13 national languages in addition to its official language", "note": "note: Mali has 13 national languages in addition to its official language" }, "Religions": { @@ -1128,7 +1128,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "estimates for the size of the Malian Armed Forces (FAMa) vary; approximately 18,000 total troops (13,000 Army; 800 Air Force; 2,000 Gendarmerie; 2,000 National Guard) (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 18,000 total troops (13,000 Army; 800 Air Force; 2,000 Gendarmerie; 2,000 National Guard) (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the FAMa's inventory consists primarily of Soviet-era equipment, although in recent years it has received limited quantities of mostly second-hand armaments from more than 15 countries (2020)" @@ -1137,7 +1137,7 @@ "text": "18 years of age for selective compulsory and voluntary military service (men and women); 2-year conscript service obligation (2019)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "prior to the August 2020 coup, the Malian military had intervened in the political arena at least five times since the country gained independence in 1960; two attempts failed (1976 and 1978), while three succeeded in overturning civilian rule (1968, 1991, and 2012); the military collapsed in 2012 during the fighting against Tuareg rebels and Islamic militants; it has been since rebuilt, but continues to have limited capabilities and is heavily reliant on external assistance

since 2017, the FAMa, along with other government security and paramilitary forces, has conducted multiple major operations against militants in the eastern, central, and northern parts of the country; up to 4,000 troops reportedly have been deployed; the stated objectives for the most recent operation (Operation Maliko in early 2020) was to end terrorist activity and restore government authority in seven of the country’s 10 regions, including Mopti, Ségou, Gao, Kidal, Ménaka, Taoudénit, and Timbuktu

Mali is part of a five-nation anti-jihadist task force known as the G5 Sahel Group, set up in 2014 with Burkina Faso, Chad, Mauritania, and Niger; it has committed 1,100 troops and 200 gendarmes to the force; in early 2020, G5 Sahel military chiefs of staff agreed to allow defense forces from each of the states to pursue terrorist fighters up to 100 km into neighboring countries; the G5 force is backed by the UN, US, and France; G5 troops periodically conduct joint operations with French forces deployed to the Sahel under Operation Barkhane 

the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) has operated in the country since 2013; the Mission's responsibilities include providing security, rebuilding Malian security forces, supporting national political dialogue, and assisting in the reestablishment of Malian government authority; as of January 2021, MINUSMA had around 16,500 military, police, and civilian personnel deployed

the European Union Training Mission in Mali (EUTM-M) also has operated in the country since 2013; the EUTM-M provides advice and training to the Malian Armed Forces and military assistance to the G5 Sahel Joint Force; as of March 2021, the mission included almost 700 personnel from 25 European countries" + "text": "prior to the coups in August 2020 and May 2021, the Malian military had intervened in the political arena at least five times since the country gained independence in 1960; two attempts failed (1976 and 1978), while three succeeded in overturning civilian rule (1968, 1991, and 2012); the military collapsed in 2012 during the fighting against Tuareg rebels and Islamic militants; it has been since rebuilt, but continues to have limited capabilities and is heavily reliant on external assistance

since 2017, the FAMa, along with other government security and paramilitary forces, has conducted multiple major operations against militants in the eastern, central, and northern parts of the country; up to 4,000 troops reportedly have been deployed; the stated objectives for the most recent operation (Operation Maliko in early 2020) was to end terrorist activity and restore government authority in seven of the country’s 10 regions, including Mopti, Ségou, Gao, Kidal, Ménaka, Taoudénit, and Timbuktu

Mali is part of a five-nation anti-jihadist task force known as the G5 Sahel Group, set up in 2014 with Burkina Faso, Chad, Mauritania, and Niger; it has committed 1,100 troops and 200 gendarmes to the force; in early 2020, G5 Sahel military chiefs of staff agreed to allow defense forces from each of the states to pursue terrorist fighters up to 100 km into neighboring countries; the G5 force is backed by the UN, US, and France; G5 troops periodically conduct joint operations with French forces deployed to the Sahel under Operation Barkhane 

the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) has operated in the country since 2013; the Mission's responsibilities include providing security, rebuilding Malian security forces, supporting national political dialogue, and assisting in the reestablishment of Malian government authority; as of June 2021, MINUSMA had around 15,000 military and police personnel deployed; in June 2021, MINUSMA's mission was extended until the end of June 2022

the European Union Training Mission in Mali (EUTM-M) also has operated in the country since 2013; the EUTM-M provides advice and training to the Malian Armed Forces and military assistance to the G5 Sahel Joint Force; as of March 2021, the mission included almost 700 personnel from 25 European countries" } }, "Terrorism": { @@ -1152,7 +1152,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "16,938 (Niger), 15,896 (Mauritania), 12,890 (Burkina Faso) (2021)" + "text": "16,938 (Niger), 15,176 (Mauritania), 12,890 (Burkina Faso) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "372,266 (Tuareg rebellion since 2012) (2021)" diff --git a/africa/mo.json b/africa/mo.json index e2211194..c194d2e5 100644 --- a/africa/mo.json +++ b/africa/mo.json @@ -598,13 +598,13 @@ }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { - "text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:
Chamber of Advisors (120 seats; members indirectly elected by an electoral college of local councils, professional organizations, and labor unions; members serve 6-year terms)
Chamber of Representatives (395 seats; 305 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 90 directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms); note - in the national constituency, 60 seats are reserved for women and 30 reserved for those under age 40" + "text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:
House of Councilors or Majlis al-Mustacharine (120 seats; members indirectly elected by an electoral college of local councils, professional organizations, and labor unions; members serve 6-year terms)
House of Representatives or Majlis al-Nuwab (395 seats; 305 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 90 directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms); note - in the national constituency, 60 seats are reserved for women and 30 reserved for those under age 40" }, "elections": { - "text": "
Chamber of Advisors - last held on 2 October 2015 (next to be held in fall 2021)
Chamber of Representatives - last held on 7 October 2016 (next to be held in fall 2021)" + "text": "House of Councillors - last held on 2 October 2015 (next to be held in fall 2021)
House of Representatives - last held on 7 October 2016 (next to be held on 8 September 2021)" }, "election results": { - "text": "
Chamber of Advisors - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 106, women 14, percent of women 11.7%
Chamber of Representatives - percent of vote by party NA; seats by party - PJD 125, PAM 102, PI 46, RNI 37, MP 27, USFP 20, UC 19, PPS 12, MDS 3, other 4; composition - men 314, women 81, percent of women 20.5%; note - total Parliament percent of women 18.4%" + "text": "
Chamber of Advisors - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 106, women 14, percent of women 11.7%
Chamber of Representatives - percent of vote by party NA; seats by party - PJD 125, PAM 102, PI 46, RNI 37, MP 27, USFP 20, UC 19, PPS 12, MDS 3, other 4; composition - men 314, women 81, percent of women 20.5%; note - total Parliament percent of women 18.4%" } }, "Judicial branch": { diff --git a/africa/mr.json b/africa/mr.json index 221b96ce..c51b31c5 100644 --- a/africa/mr.json +++ b/africa/mr.json @@ -1134,7 +1134,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Mauritanian Armed Forces: Army, Mauritanian Navy (Marine Mauritanienne), Islamic Republic of Mauritania Air Group (Groupement Aerienne Islamique de Mauritanie, GAIM); Gendarmerie (Ministry of Defense); National Guard (Ministry of Interior) (2020)" + "text": "Mauritanian Armed Forces: Army, Mauritanian Navy (Marine Mauritanienne), Islamic Republic of Mauritania Air Group (Groupement Aerienne Islamique de Mauritanie, GAIM); Gendarmerie (Ministry of Defense); National Guard (Ministry of Interior) (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2019": { @@ -1180,7 +1180,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "26,001 (Sahrawis) (2019); 68,855 (Mali) (2021)" + "text": "26,001 (Sahrawis) (2019); 70,377 (Mali) (2021)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/africa/mz.json b/africa/mz.json index 4b3fc03d..6a2b179b 100644 --- a/africa/mz.json +++ b/africa/mz.json @@ -1177,7 +1177,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Armed Defense Forces of Mozambique (FADM) are comprised of approximately 11,200 personnel (10,000 Army; 200 Navy; 1,000 Air Force) (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 11,000 personnel (10,000 Army; 200 Navy; 1,000 Air Force) (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the FADM's inventory consists primarily of Soviet-era equipment, although since 2010 it has received limited quantities of more modern equipment from a variety of countries, mostly as aid/donations (2020)" diff --git a/africa/ng.json b/africa/ng.json index 71942842..1b73c957 100644 --- a/africa/ng.json +++ b/africa/ng.json @@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ }, "Food insecurity": { "widespread lack of access": { - "text": "due to civil conflict - according to a November 2020 analysis, the aggregate number of severely food insecure people in “Crisis” was estimated at about 1.2 million people during the October‑December 2020 period, including about 61,000 people in severe food insecurity; in recent months, an increase in security incidents continued to cause large population displacements in Diffa, Tillaberi, and Tahoua regions; the resulting widespread disruption of agricultural and marketing activities, diminished the livelihood opportunities of households and their food security (2021)" + "text": "due to civil conflict - according to the latest analysis, about 2.3 million people are assessed to need humanitarian assistance in the June−August 2021 period due to the increase in security incidents which have resulted in widespread disruption of agricultural and marketing activities, diminishing livelihood opportunities for households (2021)" } }, "Waste and recycling": { @@ -1142,7 +1142,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "size estimates for the Nigerien Armed Forces (FAN) vary; approximately 10,000 active troops (est. 6,000 Army; 200 Air Force; 3,500 Gendarmerie); est. 3,000 National Guard (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 10,000 active troops (est. 6,000 Army; 200 Air Force; 4,000 Gendarmerie); est. 3,000 National Guard (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the FAN's inventory consists of a wide variety of older weapons; since 2010, the FAN has received small amounts of mostly second-hand equipment and donations from China, France, South Africa, Sweden, Ukraine, and the US (2020)" diff --git a/africa/ni.json b/africa/ni.json index 233beab1..33b9e918 100644 --- a/africa/ni.json +++ b/africa/ni.json @@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ }, "Food insecurity": { "widespread lack of access": { - "text": "due to persistent civil conflict in the northern areas - according to an October 2020 analysis, about 9.8 million people were estimated to be in need of external food assistance from October to December 2020, a significant increase from the estimated 4 million people in same months in 2019; the higher prevalence of food insecurity mainly reflected the adverse effects of measures to contain the COVID‑19 pandemic on the supply chain, the escalation of armed and community conflicts, some localized cereal production shortfalls in 2020, the unfavorable macro‑economic conditions, and high food prices; the areas most affected by food insecurity are Adamawa, Borno, and Yobe states (2021)" + "text": "due to persistent civil conflict in the northern areas - according to the latest analysis, about 12.8 million people are assessed to be in need of humanitarian assistance in the June−August 2021 period as a result of worsening conflict that is driving new population displacements; over 2.8 million people are estimated to be internally displaced in northeastern states of Adamawa, Borno and Yobe, due to communal clashes in northwestern/northcentral zones and natural disasters; the areas inaccessible to humanitarian interventions are facing the worst food insecurity conditions (2021)" } }, "Waste and recycling": { @@ -1188,7 +1188,7 @@ "text": "size estimates for the Nigerian Armed Forces vary; approximately 135,000 active personnel (100,000 Army; 20,000 Navy/Coast Guard; 15,000 Air Force); est. 80,000 Security and Civil Defense Corps (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { - "text": "the Nigerian Armed Forces' inventory consists of a wide variety of imported weapons systems of Chinese, European, Middle Eastern, Russian (including Soviet-era), and US origin; since 2010, Nigeria has undertaken a considerable military modernization program, and has received equipment from some 20 countries with China, Russia, and the US as the leading suppliers; Nigeria has been the largest arms importer in sub-Saharan Africa since 2014; Nigeria is also developing a defense-industry capacity, including small arms, armored personnel vehicle, and small-scale naval production (2020)" + "text": "the Nigerian Armed Forces' inventory consists of a wide variety of imported weapons systems of Chinese, European, Middle Eastern, Russian (including Soviet-era), and US origin; since 2010, Nigeria has undertaken a considerable military modernization program, and has received equipment from some 20 countries with China, Russia, and the US as the leading suppliers; Nigeria has been the largest arms importer in sub-Saharan Africa since 2014; Nigeria is also developing a defense-industry capacity, including small arms, armored personnel vehicles, and small-scale naval production (2020)" }, "Military deployments": { "text": "200 Ghana (ECOMIG); MNJTF (1 brigade or approximately 3,000 troops committed; note - the national MNJTF troop contingents are deployed within their own country territories, although cross‐border operations are conducted periodically) (2021)" @@ -1200,7 +1200,7 @@ "text": "

the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial and offshore waters in the Niger Delta and Gulf of Guinea remain a very high risk for piracy and armed robbery of ships; in 2020, there were 98 reported incidents of piracy and armed robbery at sea in the Gulf of Guinea region; although a 24% decrease from the total number of incidents in 2019, it included all three hijackings and 9 of 11 ships fired upon worldwide; while boarding and attempted boarding to steal valuables from ships and crews are the most common types of incidents, almost a third of all incidents involve a hijacking and/or kidnapping; in 2020, a record 130 crew members were kidnapped in 22 separate incidents in the Gulf of Guinea, representing 95% of kidnappings worldwide; approximately 51% of all incidents of piracy and armed robbery are taking place off Nigeria, which is a decrease from the 71% in 2019 and an indication pirates are traveling further to target vessels; Nigerian pirates are well armed and very aggressive, operating as far as 200 nm offshore; the Maritime Administration of the US Department of Transportation has issued a Maritime Advisory (2021-002 - Gulf of Guinea-Piracy/Armed Robbery/Kidnapping for Ransom) effective 9 January 2021, which states in part, \"Piracy, armed robbery, and kidnapping for ransom continue to serve as significant threats to US-flagged vessels transiting or operating in the Gulf of Guinea.”

" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the Nigerian Armed Forces are used primarily for internal security operations; in the northeast, the military is conducting counterinsurgency/counter-terrorist operations against the Boko Haram (BH) and Islamic State in West Africa (ISWA) terrorist groups, where it has deployed as many as 70,000 troops at times and jihadist-related violence has killed an estimated 35,000 people, mostly civilians, since 2009 (as of Dec 2020); in the northwest, it faces threats from criminal gangs, bandits, and militants associated with ongoing farmer-herder violence, as well as BH and ISWA terrorists; the military also focuses on the Niger Delta region to protect the oil industry against militants and criminal activity, although the levels of violence there have decreased in recent years" + "text": "the Nigerian Armed Forces are used primarily for internal security operations; in the northeast, the military is conducting counterinsurgency/counter-terrorist operations against the Boko Haram (BH) and Islamic State in West Africa (ISWA) terrorist groups, where it has deployed as many as 70,000 troops at times and jihadist-related violence has killed an estimated 35,000 people, mostly civilians, since 2009 (as of Dec 2020); in the northwest, it faces threats from criminal gangs, bandits, and militants associated with ongoing farmer-herder violence, as well as BH and ISWA terrorists; the military also focuses on the Niger Delta region to protect the oil industry against militants and criminal activity, although the levels of violence there have decreased in recent years; in May 2021, a contingent of military troops and police were deployed to eastern Nigeria to quell renewed agitation for a state of Biafra (Biafra seceded from Nigeria in the late 1960s, sparking a civil war that caused more than 1 million deaths)" } }, "Terrorism": { @@ -1215,7 +1215,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "66,038 (Cameroon) (2021)" + "text": "67,456 (Cameroon) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "2,880,168 (northeast Nigeria; Boko Haram attacks and counterinsurgency efforts in northern Nigeria; communal violence between Christians and Muslims in the middle belt region, political violence; flooding; forced evictions; cattle rustling; competition for resources) (2021)" diff --git a/africa/od.json b/africa/od.json index 27700bb3..179f1e2d 100644 --- a/africa/od.json +++ b/africa/od.json @@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ }, "Food insecurity": { "widespread lack of access": { - "text": "due to economic downturn, civil insecurity, floods, lingering impact of prolonged conflict - despite sustained humanitarian assistance, food insecurity still affects large segments of the population, driven by insufficient food supplies, an economic downturn, high food prices, widespread floods, and the negative impact of restrictive measures related to the COVID‑19 pandemic; about 5.82 million people (48% of the total population) were estimated to be severely food insecure in the December 2020‑March 2021 period; since early 2021, the seasonal deterioration of the food security situation has been compounded by the severe livelihood losses in the central and eastern areas affected by floods in mid‑ and late- 2020, the lingering impact of the prolonged conflict, the COVID‑19 pandemic, and the ongoing economic crisis; particular concern exists for Jonglei State and the neighboring Pibor Administrative Area, where 78% of the population is estimated to be severely food insecure and 11,000 individuals are facing “Catastrophe” levels, after two consecutive years of widespread flooding resulting in severe livelihood losses (2021)" + "text": "due to economic downturn, civil insecurity, lingering impact of floods and prolonged conflict - despite sustained humanitarian assistance, food insecurity still affects large segments of the population, driven by insufficient food supplies, an economic downturn, high food prices and the lingering impact of widespread floods in 2020; about 7.2 million people (about 60 percent of the total population) are estimated to be severely food insecure in the April−July 2021 period; particular concern exists for households in Jonglei, Northern Bahr-el-Ghazal and Warrap states and in neighboring Pibor Administrative Area, where 60−85% of the  population is estimated to be severely food insecure, with a total of 108,000 people facing “Catastrophe” levels of food insecurity (2021)" } }, "Waste and recycling": { @@ -867,7 +867,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "one of the least developed telecommunications and Internet systems in the world; the international community has provided billions in aid to help the young country, unfortunate instability, widespread poverty and low literacy rate all contribute to a struggle for their telecom sector; the few carriers in the market have reduced the areas in which they offer service, not expanded them; recently the government shut down the largest cellphone carrier isolating 1.4 million customers over a disputed service fee arrangement (2020)" + "text": "

landlocked and war-torn with little infrastructure and electricity, Sudan has one of the least developed telecom and Internet systems in the world and one of the lowest mobile penetration rates in Africa; instability, widespread poverty, and low literacy rate all contribute to a struggling telecom sector; due to revenue losses, the few carriers in the market have reduced the areas in which they offer service; the government recognizes positive effects of ICT on development and is providing a range of investment incentives; international community provided billions in aid to help the young country; Chinese investment plays a growing role in the infrastructure build-out and energy sectors; by 2020, one operator had initiated e-money service; international fiber cable link from Juba to Mombasa will drive down costs of Internet; government utilizes unchecked power to conduct surveillance and monitor communications; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line less than 1 per 100 subscriptions, mobile-cellular 33 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -998,7 +998,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the South Sudan People’s Defense Force (SSPDF) has an estimated 200,000 active personnel, including ground, air, and riverine forces (2020)" + "text": "the South Sudan People’s Defense Force (SSPDF) has an estimated 200,000 active personnel, mostly ground forces with small contingents of air and riverine forces (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the SSPDF inventory is primarily of Soviet origin; from 2010 to 2015, Russia and the United Arab Emirates were the leading suppliers of arms and equipment; South Sudan has been under a UN arms embargo since 2018 (2020)" @@ -1016,10 +1016,13 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "295,038 (Sudan), 16,985 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2021)" + "text": "296,762 (Sudan), 17,121 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "1,615,000 (alleged coup attempt and ethnic conflict beginning in December 2013; information is lacking on those displaced in earlier years by: fighting in Abyei between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) in May 2011; clashes between the SPLA and dissident militia groups in South Sudan; inter-ethnic conflicts over resources and cattle; attacks from the Lord's Resistance Army; floods and drought) (2020)" + "text": "1,436,000 (alleged coup attempt and ethnic conflict beginning in December 2013; information is lacking on those displaced in earlier years by: fighting in Abyei between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) in May 2011; clashes between the SPLA and dissident militia groups in South Sudan; inter-ethnic conflicts over resources and cattle; attacks from the Lord's Resistance Army; floods and drought) (2020)" + }, + "stateless persons": { + "text": "10,000 (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/africa/pu.json b/africa/pu.json index b03d4ce3..5ef9a83b 100644 --- a/africa/pu.json +++ b/africa/pu.json @@ -1035,7 +1035,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "People's Revolutionary Armed Force (FARP): Army, Navy, Air Force; Guard Nacional (a gendarmerie force under the Ministry of Internal Administration) (2020)" + "text": "People's Revolutionary Armed Force (FARP): Army, Navy, Air Force; Guard Nacional (a gendarmerie force under the Ministry of Internal Administration) (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2017": { @@ -1055,7 +1055,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the People's Revolutionary Armed Force (FARP) has approximately 4,500 total active troops, including about 300 Navy and 100 Air Force (2020)" + "text": "the People's Revolutionary Armed Force (FARP) has approximately 4,000 total active troops, including about 300 Navy and 100 Air Force (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the FARP is poorly armed with an inventory consisting of Soviet-era equipment, much of which is reportedly unserviceable; the only reported deliveries of military equipment to  since 2015 were patrol boats from Spain in 2017 and non-lethal equipment from China in 2015; Guinea-Bissau has also discussed acquiring military equipment with Indonesia (2020)" diff --git a/africa/rw.json b/africa/rw.json index 8e52e8cf..4d6791e8 100644 --- a/africa/rw.json +++ b/africa/rw.json @@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ "text": "Hutu, Tutsi, Twa (Pygmy)" }, "Languages": { - "text": "Kinyarwanda (official, universal Bantu vernacular) 93.2%, French (official) <.1, English (official) <.1, Swahili/Kiswahili (official, used in commercial centers) <.1, more than one language, other 6.3%, unspecified 0.3% (2002 est.)" + "text": "Kinyarwanda (official, universal Bantu vernacular) 93.2%, French (official) <0.1, English (official) <0.1, Swahili/Kiswahili (official, used in commercial centers) <0.1, more than one language, other 6.3%, unspecified 0.3% (2002 est.)" }, "Religions": { "text": "Protestant 49.5% (includes Adventist 11.8% and other Protestant 37.7%), Roman Catholic 43.7%, Muslim 2%, other 0.9% (includes Jehovah's Witness), none 2.5%, unspecified 1.3% (2012 est.)" @@ -1111,13 +1111,13 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Rwanda Defense Force (RDF) has approximately 32,500 active personnel (32,000 Army; 500 Air Force) (2020)" + "text": "the Rwanda Defense Force (RDF) has approximately 31,000 active personnel (30,000 Army; 1,000 Air Force) (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the RDF's inventory includes mostly Soviet-era and older Western - mostly French and South African - equipment; Rwanda has received a limited supply of imports since 2010 from a variety of countries, including Israel, Russia, and Turkey (2020)" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "1,370 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 1,125 Sudan (UNAMID); 2,750 South Sudan (UNMISS) (Jan 2021)" + "text": "1,370 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 1,125 Sudan (UNAMID); 2,750 South Sudan (UNMISS) (2021)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription; Rwandan citizenship is required; enlistment is either as contract (5-years, renewable twice) or career (2019)" @@ -1129,7 +1129,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "74,836 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 47,803 (Burundi) (2021)" + "text": "74,759 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 47,911 (Burundi) (2021)" } } } diff --git a/africa/se.json b/africa/se.json index ac900091..d7e675c5 100644 --- a/africa/se.json +++ b/africa/se.json @@ -1042,7 +1042,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Seychelles People’s Defence Forces (SPDF) have approximately 500 personnel (2020)" + "text": "the Seychelles People’s Defence Forces (SPDF) have approximately 500 personnel (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the SPDF's inventory primarily consists of Soviet-era equipment delivered in the 1970s and 1980s; since 2010, the SPDF has received limited amounts of more modern equipment (mostly donations of patrol boats and aircraft) from several suppliers led by China and India (2021)" diff --git a/africa/sf.json b/africa/sf.json index cc427d5a..5dd41268 100644 --- a/africa/sf.json +++ b/africa/sf.json @@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ }, "Languages": { "Languages": { - "text": "isiZulu (official) 24.7%, isiXhosa (official) 15.6%, Afrikaans (official) 12.1%, Sepedi (official) 9.8%, Setswana (official) 8.9%, English (official) 8.4%, Sesotho (official) 8%, Xitsonga (official) 4%, siSwati (official) 2.6%, Tshivenda (official) 2.5%, isiNdebele (official) 1.6%, other (includes Khoi, Nama, and San languages) 1.9%; note - data represent language spoken most often at home (2017 est.)" + "text": "isiZulu (official) 25.3%, isiXhosa (official) 14.8%, Afrikaans (official) 12.2%, Sepedi (official) 10.1%, Setswana (official) 9.1%, English (official) 8.1%, Sesotho (official) 7.9%, Xitsonga (official) 3.6%, siSwati (official) 2.8%, Tshivenda (official) 2.5%, isiNdebele (official) 1.6%, other (includes Khoi, Nama, and San languages) 2%; note - data represent language spoken most often at home (2018 est.)" }, "printed major-language sample": { "text": "
Die Wereld Feite Boek, n’ onontbeerlike bron vir basiese informasie. (Afrikaans)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. (English)" @@ -1017,7 +1017,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "the telecommunication system is the best-developed and most modern in Africa; mobile Internet accounts for about 95% of Internet connections; 94% with access to WiMAX/LTE services; LTE-A services launched for commercial use; the mobile sector for both voice and data service demand most investment; first region to launch commercial 5G services; regulator made provisions to anticipate spike in data traffic resulting from COVID-19 lockdown (2020)" + "text": "

one of the most advanced infrastructures on the continent; investment by operators and municipal providers to improve network capability focused on fiber and LTE to extend connectivity; increase in Internet use for e-commerce, e-government, and e-health; government funds to improve broadband to more municipalities; high mobile penetration rate and FttP to 90% of the premises; regulatory intervention has improved telecommunications market; 5G in Capetown with additional auction and tests; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 3 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular 166 telephones per 100 persons; consists of carrier-equipped open-wire lines, coaxial cables, microwave radio relay links, fiber-optic cable, radiotelephone communication stations, and wireless local loops; key centers are Bloemfontein, Cape Town, Durban, Johannesburg, Port Elizabeth, and Pretoria (2019)" @@ -1189,7 +1189,7 @@ "text": "1,050 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (Jan 2021)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { - "text": "18-26 years of age for voluntary military service; women are eligible to serve in noncombat roles; 2-year service obligation (2019)" + "text": "18-26 years of age for voluntary military service; women are eligible to serve in noncombat roles; 2-year service obligation (2021)" } }, "Terrorism": { @@ -1205,6 +1205,9 @@ "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { "text": "27,113 (Somalia), 17,726 (Ethiopia), 5,273 (Republic of the Congo) (2019); 59,675 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" + }, + "IDPs": { + "text": "5,000 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/africa/sg.json b/africa/sg.json index 9565f88b..71078add 100644 --- a/africa/sg.json +++ b/africa/sg.json @@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ "text": "French (official), Wolof, Pular, Jola, Mandinka, Serer, Soninke" }, "Religions": { - "text": "Muslim 95.9% (most adhere to one of the four main Sufi brotherhoods), Christian 4.1% (mostly Roman Catholic) (2016 est.)" + "text": "Muslim 95.9% (most adhere to one of the four main Sufi brotherhoods), Christian 4.1% (mostly Roman Catholic) (2017 est.)" }, "Demographic profile": { "text": "

Senegal has a large and growing youth population but has not been successful in developing its potential human capital. Senegal’s high total fertility rate of almost 4.5 children per woman continues to bolster the country’s large youth cohort – more than 60% of the population is under the age of 25. Fertility remains high because of the continued desire for large families, the low use of family planning, and early childbearing. Because of the country’s high illiteracy rate (more than 40%), high unemployment (even among university graduates), and widespread poverty, Senegalese youths face dim prospects; women are especially disadvantaged.

Senegal historically was a destination country for economic migrants, but in recent years West African migrants more often use Senegal as a transit point to North Africa – and sometimes illegally onward to Europe. The country also has been host to several thousand black Mauritanian refugees since they were expelled from their homeland during its 1989 border conflict with Senegal. The country’s economic crisis in the 1970s stimulated emigration; departures accelerated in the 1990s. Destinations shifted from neighboring countries, which were experiencing economic decline, civil wars, and increasing xenophobia, to Libya and Mauritania because of their booming oil industries and to developed countries (most notably former colonial ruler France, as well as Italy and Spain). The latter became attractive in the 1990s because of job opportunities and their periodic regularization programs (legalizing the status of illegal migrants).

Additionally, about 16,000 Senegalese refugees still remain in The Gambia and Guinea-Bissau as a result of more than 30 years of fighting between government forces and rebel separatists in southern Senegal’s Casamance region.

" @@ -1163,7 +1163,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Senegalese Armed Forces consist of approximately 19,000 active personnel (12,000 Army; 1,000 Navy/Coast Guard; 1,000 Air Force; 5,000 National Gendarmerie) (2020)" + "text": "the Senegalese Armed Forces consist of approximately 19,000 active personnel (12,000 Army; 1,000 Navy/Coast Guard; 1,000 Air Force; 5,000 National Gendarmerie) (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the FAS inventory includes mostly older or second-hand equipment from a variety of countries, including France, South Africa, and Russia/former Soviet Union; in recent years, the FAS has been undergoing a significant modernization program; since 2010, it has received newer equipment from nearly 15 countries, led by China, France, and Israel (2020)" @@ -1181,10 +1181,10 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "14,173 (Mauritania) (2021)" + "text": "14,195 (Mauritania) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "8,400 (clashes between government troops and separatists in Casamance region in the 1990s and early 2000s) (2019)" + "text": "8,400 (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/africa/sl.json b/africa/sl.json index 9a52c0a6..8628266a 100644 --- a/africa/sl.json +++ b/africa/sl.json @@ -119,13 +119,13 @@ } }, "Ethnic groups": { - "text": "Temne 35.5%, Mende 33.2%, Limba 6.4%, Kono 4.4%, Fullah 3.4%, Loko 2.9%, Koranko 2.8%, Sherbro 2.6%, Mandingo 2.4%, Creole 1.2% (descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled in the Freetown area in the late-18th century; also known as Krio), other Sierra Leone 4.7%, other foreign 0.3% (includes refugees from Liberia's civil war, and small numbers of Europeans, Lebanese, Pakistanis, and Indians), unspecified 0.2% (2013 est.)" + "text": "Temne 35.4%, Mende 30.8%, Limba 8.8%, Kono 4.3%, Korankoh 4%, Fullah 3.8%, Mandingo 2.8%, Loko 2%, Sherbro 1.9%, Creole 1.2% (descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled in the Freetown area in the late-18th century; also known as Krio), other 5% (2019 est.)" }, "Languages": { "text": "English (official, regular use limited to literate minority), Mende (principal vernacular in the south), Temne (principal vernacular in the north), Krio (English-based Creole, spoken by the descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled in the Freetown area, a lingua franca and a first language for 10% of the population but understood by 95%)" }, "Religions": { - "text": "Muslim 78.6%, Christian 20.8%, other 0.3%, unspecified 0.2% (2013 est.)" + "text": "Muslim 77.1%, Christian 22.9% (2019 est.)" }, "Demographic profile": { "text": "

Sierra Leone’s youthful and growing population is driven by its high total fertility rate (TFR) of almost 5 children per woman, which has declined little over the last two decades. Its elevated TFR is sustained by the continued desire for large families, the low level of contraceptive use, and the early start of childbearing. Despite its high TFR, Sierra Leone’s population growth is somewhat tempered by high infant, child, and maternal mortality rates that are among the world’s highest and are a result of poverty, a lack of potable water and sanitation, poor nutrition, limited access to quality health care services, and the prevalence of female genital cutting.

Sierra Leone’s large youth cohort – about 60% of the population is under the age of 25 – continues to struggle with high levels of unemployment, which was one of the major causes of the country’s 1991-2002 civil war and remains a threat to stability today. Its estimated 60% youth unemployment rate is attributed to high levels of illiteracy and unskilled labor, a lack of private sector jobs, and low pay.

Sierra Leone has been a source of and destination for refugees. Sierra Leone’s civil war internally displaced as many as 2 million people, or almost half the population, and forced almost another half million to seek refuge in neighboring countries (370,000 Sierra Leoneans fled to Guinea and 120,000 to Liberia). The UNHCR has helped almost 180,000 Sierra Leoneans to return home, while more than 90,000 others have repatriated on their own. Of the more than 65,000 Liberians who took refuge in Sierra Leone during their country’s civil war (1989-2003), about 50,000 have been voluntarily repatriated by the UNHCR and others have returned home independently. As of 2015, less than 1,000 Liberians still reside in Sierra Leone.

" @@ -1115,7 +1115,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Republic of Sierra Leone Armed Forces (RSLAF) have approximately 8,500 personnel, mostly ground forces (2019 est.)" + "text": "the Republic of Sierra Leone Armed Forces (RSLAF) have approximately 9,000 personnel, mostly ground forces (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the RSLAF's small inventory includes a mix of Soviet-origin and other older foreign-supplied equipment; since 2010, it has received limited quantities of material (mostly donations of second-hand equipment) from China and South Africa (2020)" @@ -1130,7 +1130,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "IDPs": { - "text": "5,500 (displacement caused by post-electoral violence in 2018 and clashes in the Pujehun region in 2019) (2019)" + "text": "5,500 (displacement caused by post-electoral violence in 2018 and clashes in the Pujehun region in 2019) (2020)" } } } diff --git a/africa/so.json b/africa/so.json index 310dc5f7..4984abd4 100644 --- a/africa/so.json +++ b/africa/so.json @@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ }, "Food insecurity": { "exceptional shortfall in aggregate food production/supplies": { - "text": "due to floods, civil insecurity, desert locusts - about 1.6 million people were estimated to be in need of emergency assistance in the January‑March 2021 period; since late 2019, the food security situation has been affected by several negative factors, including the desert locust outbreak, widespread floods, and the COVID‑19 pandemic; the negative impact of these shocks has been amplified by reduced household resilience due to insecurity and the lingering impact of previous droughts and floods; in particular, the COVID‑19 pandemic is affecting the food security situation mainly through: movement restrictions within the country resulting in reduced market availability; increasing prices of food and reduced labor opportunities, especially in urban areas; reduced economic activity and containment measures in countries with large Somali diaspora populations causing a sharp decline in remittances; reduced exports of livestock to Saudi Arabia caused by the suspension of the Hajj pilgrimage (2021)" + "text": "due to poor seasonal rains - about 2.8 million people are estimated to be severely food insecure in the April−September 2021 period, mainly as a result of the cumulative impact of poor October−December 2020 “Deyr” rains and April−June “Gu” rains, which severely affected crop and livestock production; below‑average cereal output gathered in 2020; production of 2021 main season cereals forecast at 20‑40 percent below average due to unfavorable seasonal rains; severe pasture and water shortages in pastoral areas are affecting livestock conditions (2021)" } }, "Waste and recycling": { @@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the prime minister, approved by the House of the People" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by the Federal Parliament by two-thirds majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term; election last held on 8 February 2017 (next election was scheduled for 8 February 2021, but has been delayed); prime minister appointed by the president, approved by the House of the People" + "text": "president indirectly elected by the Federal Parliament by two-thirds majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term; election last held on 8 February 2017 (next election delayed until 10 October 2021); prime minister appointed by the president, approved by the House of the People" }, "election results": { "text": "Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" elected president in second round; Federal Parliament second round vote - Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" (TPP) 184, HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud (PDP) 97, Sheikh SHARIF Sheikh Ahmed (ARS) 46" @@ -889,7 +889,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "the public telecom system was almost completely destroyed or dismantled during the civil war; private companies offer limited local fixed-line service, and private wireless companies offer service in most major cities; mobile sector has 7 networks improving the telecom sector along with submarine cables ending the expensive satellite dependency for Internet access; Al Shabaab Islamic militant group has forced closure of Internet services in some parts of the country; new telecom regulatory sector in place (2020)" + "text": "

the public telecom system was almost completely destroyed during years of civil war; private companies offer limited local fixed-line and wireless service in most major cities; early 2020 landing of DARE 1 submarine cables in Mogadishu and Bossaso eased dependence on expensive satellite dependency for Internet access; in 2019, Al Shabaab Islamic militant group forced closure of Internet services in some parts of the country; new telecom regulatory sector in place (2020)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "seven networks compete for customers in the mobile sector; some of these mobile-service providers offer fixed-lines and Internet services; fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular 49 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1046,7 +1046,7 @@ "text": "13,235 (Yemen) (2019)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "2.65 million (civil war since 1988, clan-based competition for resources; 2011 famine; insecurity because of fighting between al-Shabaab and the Transitional Federal Government's allied forces) (2019)" + "text": "2.968 million (civil war since 1988, clan-based competition for resources; 2011 famine; insecurity because of fighting between al-Shabaab and the Transitional Federal Government's allied forces) (2020)" } } } diff --git a/africa/su.json b/africa/su.json index 664f8a4f..d2162187 100644 --- a/africa/su.json +++ b/africa/su.json @@ -1006,7 +1006,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "well-equipped system by regional standards and being upgraded; despite economic hardships govt. boosts mobile infrastructure and builds fiber broadband network across country; economic climate has not encouraged growth in telecoms, but some investment has been made to build mobile towers and expand LTE services; launches its own Chinese built satellite in 2019 to develop space technology sector (2020)" + "text": "

well-equipped system by regional standards with ongoing upgrades; despite economic challenges, government continues to boost mobile infrastructure through build-out of fiber-broadband network across country; economic climate has not encouraged client growth in telecom, but some investment has been made to build mobile towers and expand LTE services; growth of e-money services; 2020 launch of Chinese-based satellite to develop space technology sector; interim constitution safeguards rights and freedoms, though some Internet users continue to face harassment for activities; importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE and China (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "consists of microwave radio relay, cable, fiber optic, radiotelephone communications, tropospheric scatter, and a domestic satellite system with 14 earth stations; teledensity fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular 77 telephones per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1162,7 +1162,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "size assessments for the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) vary widely, ranging from about 100,000 to more than 200,000 active personnel, including approximately 1,500 Navy and 3,000 Air Force; est. 30-40,000 paramilitary Rapid Support Forces; est. 20,000 Reserve Department (formerly the paramilitary Popular Defense Forces) (2020)

note: in August 2020, Sudan and the major rebel group Sudan People’s Liberation Movement-North (SPLM-N) signed an agreement to integrate the group's fighters into the Sudanese Army by the end of 2023", + "text": "information varies widely, ranging from about 100,000 to more than 200,000 active personnel, including approximately 1,500 Navy and 3,000 Air Force; est. 30-40,000 paramilitary Rapid Support Forces; est. 20,000 Reserve Department (formerly the paramilitary Popular Defense Forces) (2020)

note: in August 2020, Sudan and the major rebel group Sudan People’s Liberation Movement-North (SPLM-N) signed an agreement to integrate the group's fighters into the Sudanese Army by the end of 2023", "note": "note: in August 2020, Sudan and the major rebel group Sudan People’s Liberation Movement-North (SPLM-N) signed an agreement to integrate the group's fighters into the Sudanese Army by the end of 2023" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { @@ -1184,10 +1184,10 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "792,663 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 124,168 (Eritrea) (refugees and asylum seekers), 93,494 (Syria) (refugees and asylum seekers), 83,022 (Ethiopia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 27,347 (Central African Republic) (2021)" + "text": "792,663 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 125,115 (Eritrea) (refugees and asylum seekers), 93,494 (Syria) (refugees and asylum seekers), 67,550 (Ethiopia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 27,347 (Central African Republic) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "2,552,174 (civil war 1983-2005; ongoing conflict in Darfur region; government and rebel fighting along South Sudan border; inter-tribal clashes) (2020)" + "text": "2,276,000 (civil war 1983-2005; ongoing conflict in Darfur region; government and rebel fighting along South Sudan border; inter-tribal clashes) (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/africa/to.json b/africa/to.json index a1c86cea..eb41ba96 100644 --- a/africa/to.json +++ b/africa/to.json @@ -114,14 +114,14 @@ } }, "Ethnic groups": { - "text": "Adja-Ewe/Mina 42.4%, Kabye/Tem 25.9%, Para-Gourma/Akan 17.1%, Akposso/Akebu 4.1%, Ana-Ife 3.2%, other Togolese 1.7%, foreigners 5.2%, no response .4% (2013-14 est.)

note: Togo has an estimated 37 ethnic groups", + "text": "Adja-Ewe/Mina 42.4%, Kabye/Tem 25.9%, Para-Gourma/Akan 17.1%, Akposso/Akebu 4.1%, Ana-Ife 3.2%, other Togolese 1.7%, foreigners 5.2%, no response 0.4% (2013-14 est.)

note: Togo has an estimated 37 ethnic groups", "note": "note: Togo has an estimated 37 ethnic groups" }, "Languages": { "text": "French (official, the language of commerce), Ewe and Mina (the two major African languages in the south), Kabye (sometimes spelled Kabiye) and Dagomba (the two major African languages in the north)" }, "Religions": { - "text": "Christian 43.7%, folk 35.6%, Muslim 14%, Hindu <.1%, Buddhist <.1%, Jewish <.1%, other .5%, none 6.2% (2010 est.)" + "text": "Christian 42.3%, folk religion 36.9%, Muslim 14%, Hindu <1%, Buddhist <1%, Jewish <1%, other <1%, none 6.2% (2020 est.)" }, "Demographic profile": { "text": "

Togo’s population is estimated to have grown to four times its size between 1960 and 2010. With nearly 60% of its populace under the age of 25 and a high annual growth rate attributed largely to high fertility, Togo’s population is likely to continue to expand for the foreseeable future. Reducing fertility, boosting job creation, and improving education will be essential to reducing the country’s high poverty rate. In 2008, Togo eliminated primary school enrollment fees, leading to higher enrollment but increased pressure on limited classroom space, teachers, and materials. Togo has a good chance of achieving universal primary education, but educational quality, the underrepresentation of girls, and the low rate of enrollment in secondary and tertiary schools remain concerns.

Togo is both a country of emigration and asylum. In the early 1990s, southern Togo suffered from the economic decline of the phosphate sector and ethnic and political repression at the hands of dictator Gnassingbe EYADEMA and his northern, Kabye-dominated administration. The turmoil led 300,000 to 350,000 predominantly southern Togolese to flee to Benin and Ghana, with most not returning home until relative stability was restored in 1997. In 2005, another outflow of 40,000 Togolese to Benin and Ghana occurred when violence broke out between the opposition and security forces over the disputed election of EYADEMA’s son Faure GNASSINGBE to the presidency. About half of the refugees reluctantly returned home in 2006, many still fearing for their safety. Despite ethnic tensions and periods of political unrest, Togo in September 2017 was home to more than 9,600 refugees from Ghana.

" @@ -1151,7 +1151,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Togolese Armed Forces (FAT) are comprised of approximately 9,000 personnel (8,000 Army; 200 Navy; 200 Air Force; 600 Gendarmerie) (2020)" + "text": "the Togolese Armed Forces (FAT) are comprised of approximately 9,000 personnel (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the FAT's small inventory is a mix of older equipment from a variety of countries, including Brazil, France, Germany, Russia/former Soviet Union, the UK, and the US; since 2010, France is the leading supplier of military hardware to Togo (2020)" diff --git a/africa/ts.json b/africa/ts.json index b52e357f..4952d3fd 100644 --- a/africa/ts.json +++ b/africa/ts.json @@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ } }, "Religions": { - "text": "Muslim (official; Sunni) 99.1%, other (includes Christian, Jewish, Shia Muslim, and Baha'i) 1%" + "text": "Muslim (official; Sunni) 99%, other (includes Christian, Jewish, Shia Muslim, and Baha'i) <1%" }, "Demographic profile": { "text": "

The Tunisian Government took steps in the 1960s to decrease population growth and gender inequality in order to improve socioeconomic development. Through its introduction of a national family planning program (the first in Africa) and by raising the legal age of marriage, Tunisia rapidly reduced its total fertility rate from about 7 children per woman in 1960 to 2 today. Unlike many of its North African and Middle Eastern neighbors, Tunisia will soon be shifting from being a youth-bulge country to having a transitional age structure, characterized by lower fertility and mortality rates, a slower population growth rate, a rising median age, and a longer average life expectancy.

Currently, the sizable young working-age population is straining Tunisia’s labor market and education and health care systems. Persistent high unemployment among Tunisia’s growing workforce, particularly its increasing number of university graduates and women, was a key factor in the uprisings that led to the overthrow of the BEN ALI regime in 2011. In the near term, Tunisia’s large number of jobless young, working-age adults; deficiencies in primary and secondary education; and the ongoing lack of job creation and skills mismatches could contribute to future unrest. In the longer term, a sustained low fertility rate will shrink future youth cohorts and alleviate demographic pressure on Tunisia’s labor market, but employment and education hurdles will still need to be addressed.

Tunisia has a history of labor emigration. In the 1960s, workers migrated to European countries to escape poor economic conditions and to fill Europe’s need for low-skilled labor in construction and manufacturing. The Tunisian Government signed bilateral labor agreements with France, Germany, Belgium, Hungary, and the Netherlands, with the expectation that Tunisian workers would eventually return home. At the same time, growing numbers of Tunisians headed to Libya, often illegally, to work in the expanding oil industry. In the mid-1970s, with European countries beginning to restrict immigration and Tunisian-Libyan tensions brewing, Tunisian economic migrants turned toward the Gulf countries. After mass expulsions from Libya in 1983, Tunisian migrants increasingly sought family reunification in Europe or moved illegally to southern Europe, while Tunisia itself developed into a transit point for Sub-Saharan migrants heading to Europe.

Following the ousting of BEN ALI in 2011, the illegal migration of unemployed Tunisian youths to Italy and onward to France soared into the tens of thousands. Thousands more Tunisian and foreign workers escaping civil war in Libya flooded into Tunisia and joined the exodus. A readmission agreement signed by Italy and Tunisia in April 2011 helped stem the outflow, leaving Tunisia and international organizations to repatriate, resettle, or accommodate some 1 million Libyans and third-country nationals.

" @@ -975,7 +975,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "above the African average and continuing to be upgraded; key centers are Sfax, Sousse, Bizerte, and Tunis; telephone network is completely digitized; Internet access available throughout the country; penetration rates for mobile and Internet services are among the highest in the region; 3 MNOs (mobile network operator); government Internet censorship abolished in 2013; telecom invests in LTE network and fiber infrastructure with FttP (fiber to the premises) services; 5G license expected to be launched soon; auction of spectrum in the 800MHz band loT (location of Things) and mobile services; use of Chinese company Huawei to develop LTE network (2020)" + "text": "

Tunisia has one of the most sophisticated telecom infrastructures in North Africa; penetration rates for mobile and Internet services are among the highest in the region; government program of regulation and infrastructure projects aims to improve Internet connectivity to underserved areas; operators built extensive LTE infrastructure in 2019, and are developing 5G networks and services; Chinese company Huawei invested in LTE network; operator planning nano-satellite launches in 2023; Internet censorship abolished, though concerns of government surveillance remain; legislation passed in 2017 supporting e-commerce and active e-government; importer of integrated circuits and broadcasting equipment from China (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "in an effort to jumpstart expansion of the fixed-line network, the government awarded a concession to build and operate a VSAT network with international connectivity; rural areas are served by wireless local loops; competition between several mobile-cellular service providers has resulted in lower activation and usage charges and a strong surge in subscribership; fixed-line is 12 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity has reached about 126 telephones per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1120,7 +1120,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Tunisian Armed Forces (FAT) have approximately 36,000 active personnel (27,000 Army; 5,000 Navy; 4,000 Air Force); est. 10-12,000 National Guard (2020)" + "text": "the Tunisian Armed Forces (FAT) have approximately 35,000 active personnel (27,000 Army; 4,500 Navy; 3,500 Air Force); est. 10,000 National Guard (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Tunisian military's inventory includes mostly older or secondhand US and European equipment; since 2010, the Netherlands and US are the leading suppliers of arms to Tunisia (2020)" diff --git a/africa/tz.json b/africa/tz.json index 771de21e..ca271bbe 100644 --- a/africa/tz.json +++ b/africa/tz.json @@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ } }, "Religions": { - "text": "Christian 61.4%, Muslim 35.2%, folk religion 1.8%, other 0.2%, unaffiliated 1.4% (2010 est.)

note: Zanzibar is almost entirely Muslim", + "text": "Christian 63.1%, Muslim 34.1%, folk religion 1.1%, Buddhist <1%, Hindu <1%, Jewish <1%, other <1%, unspecified 1.6% (2020 est.)

note: Zanzibar is almost entirely Muslim", "note": "note: Zanzibar is almost entirely Muslim" }, "Demographic profile": { @@ -1013,7 +1013,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "telecommunications services are marginal and operating below capacity; 1 fixed-line operator and 8 operational mobile networks; unfortunate high tariffs on telecoms; mobile use is growing at 85% penetration; 3G/LTE services; govt. allocates TZ $17.5 billion to improve rural telecom infrastructure and work on national fiber backbone network connecting population around country (2020)" + "text": "Tanzania’s telecom services are marginal and operating below capacity; one fixed-line operator with competition in mobile networks; high tariffs on telecom; mobile use is growing with popularity of 3G/LTE services; government allocated funds in 2019 to improve rural telecom infrastructure and work on national fiber backbone network connecting population around country (2020) (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line telephone network inadequate with less than 1 connection per 100 persons; mobile-cellular service, aided by multiple providers, is increasing rapidly and exceeds 82 telephones per 100 persons; trunk service provided by open-wire, microwave radio relay, tropospheric scatter, and fiber-optic cable; some links being made digital (2019)" diff --git a/africa/ug.json b/africa/ug.json index 78a7aedc..e6b09866 100644 --- a/africa/ug.json +++ b/africa/ug.json @@ -1011,7 +1011,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "in recent years, telecommunications infrastructure has developed through private partnerships; as of 2018, fixed fiber backbone infrastructure is available in over half of Uganda’s districts; mobile phone companies now provide 4G networks across all major cities and national parks, while offering 3G coverage in second-tier cities and most rural areas with road access; between 2016 and 2018, commercial Internet services dropped in price from $300/Mbps to $80/Mbps; consumers rely on mobile infrastructure to provide voice and broadband services as fixed-line infrastructure is poor; 5G migration is a few years off; govt. commissions broadband satellite services for rural areas (2020)" + "text": "telecom infrastructure has developed through private partnerships; as of 2018, fixed-fiber backbone infrastructure is available in over half of Uganda’s districts; mobile phone companies now provide 4G networks across all major cities and national parks, while offering 3G coverage in small cities and most rural areas with road access; price of commercial Internet services dropped substantially in 2019; consumers rely on mobile infrastructure to provide voice and broadband services as fixed-line infrastructure is poor; 5G migration is developing slowly; government commissioned broadband satellite services for rural areas in 2019 (2020) (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 1 per 100 and mobile- cellular systems teledensity about 57 per 100 persons; intercity traffic by wire, microwave radio relay, and radiotelephone communication stations (2019)" @@ -1153,7 +1153,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "size estimates for the Uganda People's Defense Force (UPDF) vary; approximately 50,000 troops, including about 1,000 Air Force and Marine personnel (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 45-50,000 troops, including about 1,000-1,500 air and marine personnel (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the UPDF's inventory is mostly older Russian/Soviet-era equipment with a limited mix of more modern Russian- and Western-origin arms; since 2010, the leading suppliers of arms to the UPDF are Russia and Ukraine (2020)" @@ -1180,10 +1180,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "921,013 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 432,390 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 50,998 (Burundi), 47,418 (Somalia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 17,738 (Rwanda), 17,372 (Eritrea) (2021)" - }, - "IDPs": { - "text": "32,000 (displaced in northern Uganda because of fighting between government forces and the Lord's Resistance Army; as of 2011, most of the 1.8 million people displaced to IDP camps at the height of the conflict had returned home or resettled, but many had not found durable solutions; intercommunal violence, land disputes, and cattle raids) (2019)" + "text": "923,565 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 432,390 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 51,066 (Burundi), 47,633 (Somalia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 17,750 (Rwanda), 17,658 (Eritrea) (2021)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/africa/uv.json b/africa/uv.json index 179b0c22..d214ed83 100644 --- a/africa/uv.json +++ b/africa/uv.json @@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ }, "Food insecurity": { "severe localized food insecurity": { - "text": "due to civil insecurity in the north - about 2.7 million people were estimated to need humanitarian assistance between June and August 2021; in the Centre-Nord and Sahel regions, insecurity continues to cause population displacements, further deteriorating the food security situation; due to the conflict, about 1.07 million people have been displaced, of which 50% live in the Centre-Nord Region (2021)" + "text": "due to civil insecurity in the north - according to the latest analysis, about 2.87 million people are estimated to need humanitarian assistance in the June−August 2021; in Centre-Nord and Sahel regions, insecurity continues to cause population displacements, further deteriorating the food security situation (2021)" } }, "Waste and recycling": { @@ -1116,8 +1116,8 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Armed Forces of Burkina Faso (FABF): Army of Burkina Faso (L’Armee de Terre, LAT), Air Force of Burkina Faso (Force Aerienne de Burkina Faso, FABF), National Gendarmerie (2021)

note: the National Gendarmerie officially reports to the Ministry of Defense, but usually operates in support of the Ministry of Security and the Ministry of Justice; Gendarmerie troops are typically integrated with Army forces in anti-terrorism operations; for example, Gendarmerie, Army, and police forces were combined to form a task force known as the Groupement des Forces Anti-Terroristes (GFAT) to address terrorist activities along the country's northern border in 2013", - "note": "note: the National Gendarmerie officially reports to the Ministry of Defense, but usually operates in support of the Ministry of Security and the Ministry of Justice; Gendarmerie troops are typically integrated with Army forces in anti-terrorism operations; for example, Gendarmerie, Army, and police forces were combined to form a task force known as the Groupement des Forces Anti-Terroristes (GFAT) to address terrorist activities along the country's northern border in 2013" + "text": "Armed Forces of Burkina Faso (FABF): Army of Burkina Faso (L’Armee de Terre, LAT), Air Force of Burkina Faso (Force Aerienne de Burkina Faso, FABF), National Gendarmerie; Volunteers for the Defense of the Fatherland (a civilian defense force established in 2019 to act as auxiliaries to the military in the fight against militants) (2021)

note: the National Gendarmerie officially reports to the Ministry of Defense, but usually operates in support of the Ministry of Security and the Ministry of Justice; Gendarmerie troops are typically integrated with Army forces in anti-terrorism operations; for example, Gendarmerie, Army, and police forces were combined to form a 1,500-member task force known as the Groupement des Forces Anti-Terroristes (GFAT) to address terrorist activities along the country's northern border in 2013", + "note": "note: the National Gendarmerie officially reports to the Ministry of Defense, but usually operates in support of the Ministry of Security and the Ministry of Justice; Gendarmerie troops are typically integrated with Army forces in anti-terrorism operations; for example, Gendarmerie, Army, and police forces were combined to form a 1,500-member task force known as the Groupement des Forces Anti-Terroristes (GFAT) to address terrorist activities along the country's northern border in 2013" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2019": { @@ -1137,8 +1137,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Armed Forces of Burkina Faso (FABF) have approximately 12,000 personnel (7,000 Army; 500 Air Force; 4,500 National Gendarmerie) (2020)

note - in 2018, the Groupement des Forces Anti-Terroristes (GFAT) numbered about 1,500 personnel", - "note": "note - in 2018, the Groupement des Forces Anti-Terroristes (GFAT) numbered about 1,500 personnel" + "text": "the Armed Forces of Burkina Faso (FABF) have approximately 12,000 personnel (7,000 Army; 500 Air Force; 4,500 National Gendarmerie) (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the FABF has a mix of foreign-supplied weapons; since 2010, it has received limited amounts of mostly donated second-hand equipment from more than 10 countries (2020)" diff --git a/africa/wa.json b/africa/wa.json index c323b01c..b0cf63e8 100644 --- a/africa/wa.json +++ b/africa/wa.json @@ -1154,7 +1154,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "size assessments for the Namibian Defense Force (NDF) vary; approximately 13,000 personnel (11,000 Army; 1,000 Navy; 700 Air Force) (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 12,500 personnel (11,000 Army; 1,000 Navy; 500 Air Force) (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the inventory of the Namibian Defense Force consists mostly of Soviet-era equipment; China is the leading supplier of weapons to Namibia since 2010 (2020)" diff --git a/africa/za.json b/africa/za.json index 2ef9f752..52fdd8fc 100644 --- a/africa/za.json +++ b/africa/za.json @@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ "text": "unicameral National Assembly (165 seats; 156 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote in 2 rounds if needed, and up to 8 appointed by the president; members serve 5-year terms); note - 6 additional electoral seats were added for the 11 August 2016 election, up from 150 electoral seats in the 2011 election" }, "elections": { - "text": "last held on 11 August 2016 (next to be held in 2021)" + "text": "last held on 11 August 2016 (next to be held on 12 August 2021)" }, "election results": { "text": "percent of vote by party - PF 42%, UPND 41.7%, MMD 2.7%, FDD 2.2%, other 1.9%,independent 9.5%; seats by party - PF 89, UPND 54, MMD 5, FDD 1, NDC 1, independent 14; composition - men 135, women 30, percent of women 18.2%" @@ -991,7 +991,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "service is among the best in Sub-Saharan Africa; regulatory promotes competition and is a partner to private sector service providers, offering mobile voice and Internet at some of the lowest prices in the region; investment made in data centers, education centers and computer assembly training plants; operators invest in 3G and LTE-based services; Chinese company Huawei is helping to upgrade state-owned mobile infrastructure for 5G services; 3 cellular telephone providers currently in operation, plus several data only ISPs; 1,010 towers project to soon be completed (2020)" + "text": "

service is among the best in Sub-Saharan Africa; regulator promotes competition and is a partner to private sector service providers, offering mobile voice and Internet at some of the lowest prices in the region; investment made in data centers, education centers, and computer assembly training plants; operators invest in 3G and LTE-based services; Chinese company Huawei is helping to upgrade state-owned mobile infrastructure for 5G services; operators focused on improvements to towers (2020)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fiber optic connections are available between most larger towns and cities with microwave radio relays serving more rural areas; 3G and LTE with FttX in limited urban areas and private Ku or Ka band VSAT terminals in remote locations; fixed-line 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular 96 per 100 (2019)" diff --git a/africa/zi.json b/africa/zi.json index c01fb6b2..6e9819e6 100644 --- a/africa/zi.json +++ b/africa/zi.json @@ -463,8 +463,8 @@ } }, "Food insecurity": { - "exceptional shortfall in aggregate food production/supplies": { - "text": "due to a below-average cereal harvest, high food prices, and an economic downturn - an estimated 3.38 million people were in need of urgent humanitarian assistance until the end of March 2021, primarily due to reduced agricultural output in 2020, significantly higher food prices, and income losses due to the effects of the economic downturn (2021)" + "widespread lack of access": { + "text": "due to High food prices and economic downturn - a well above-average cereal production in 2021 has resulted in an improvement in food security; an estimated 1.8 million people are still assessed to be food insecure in the July−September period, about half the level in the previous year, largely on account of poor food access due to prevailing high prices and reduced incomes owing to the effects of the economic downturn; the negative effects of the COVID‑19 pandemic aggravated conditions, particularly with regard to income levels due to market instability from COVID‑19 lockdown measures" } }, "Waste and recycling": { @@ -995,7 +995,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "competition has driven the expansion of the telecommunications sector, particularly cellular voice and mobile broadband, in recent years; 3 mobile network operators continue to invest in M-commerce and M-banking facilities; continued advancement with national and international fiber backbone network as well as 3G and LTE mobile broadband services; mobile Internet connections make up 98% of all Internet connections (2020)" + "text": "

the pandemic, drought, and rising hyperinflation have devastated the economy and hindered foreign investment; regulator extended tax exemption for Huawei, raising concerns of independence; mobile tariffs were increased three times since mid-2019, raising consumer prices; Internet is limited, exacerbated by inadequate electricity; mobile Internet connections make up almost all Internet connections; competition has driven some expansion of the telecommunications sector, though operators warn that lack of government investment will cause further deterioration, especially in rural areas; mobile network operators continue to invest in e-commerce and e-banking; slow progress on national and international fiber backbone network, as well as 3G and LTE mobile-broadband services; international bandwidth through submarine cables via neighboring countries (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "consists of microwave radio relay links, open-wire lines, radiotelephone communication stations, fixed wireless local loop installations, fiber-optic cable, VSAT terminals, and a substantial mobile-cellular network; Internet connection is most readily available in Harare and major towns; two government owned and two private cellular providers; fixed-line 2 per 100 and mobile-cellular 90 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1135,7 +1135,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "size estimates for the Zimbabwe Defense Forces (ZDF) vary; approximately 30,000 active duty troops, including about 4,000 serving in the Air Force (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 30,000 active duty troops, including about 4,000 serving in the Air Force (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the ZDF inventory is comprised mostly of older Chinese- and Russian-origin equipment; since 2000, China is the leading arms supplier to the ZDF, although there are no recorded deliveries of weapons since 2006; since the early 2000s, Zimbabwe has been under an arms embargo from the European Union, as well as targeted sanctions from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the US (2020)" @@ -1154,9 +1154,6 @@ "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { "text": "11,147 (Democratic Republic of Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" - }, - "IDPs": { - "text": "25,517 (tropical cyclone, 2019) (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/aq.json b/australia-oceania/aq.json index e92b4c57..e99b1b91 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/aq.json +++ b/australia-oceania/aq.json @@ -310,10 +310,10 @@ } }, "Dependency status": { - "text": "unincorporated unorganized territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior" + "text": "unincorporated, unorganized Territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior" }, "Government type": { - "text": "republican form of government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches; unincorporated unorganized territory of the US with local self-government" + "text": "unincorporated, unorganized Territory of the US with local self-government; republican form of government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches;" }, "Capital": { "name": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/as.json b/australia-oceania/as.json index d564690c..a6891f61 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/as.json +++ b/australia-oceania/as.json @@ -1147,7 +1147,7 @@ "text": "13,122 (Iraq), 12,714 (Afghanistan), 12,537 (Iran), 5,578 (Pakistan) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "132 (2018)" + "text": "5,221 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/fj.json b/australia-oceania/fj.json index 9c8c01e7..c7074f76 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/fj.json +++ b/australia-oceania/fj.json @@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ "note": "note: a 2010 law replaces 'Fijian' with 'iTaukei' when referring to the original and native settlers of Fiji" }, "Languages": { - "text": "English (official), Fijian (official), Hindi (official)" + "text": "English (official), iTaukei (official), Fiji Hindi (official)" }, "Religions": { "text": "Protestant 45% (Methodist 34.6%, Assembly of God 5.7%, Seventh Day Adventist 3.9%, and Anglican 0.8%), Hindu 27.9%, other Christian 10.4%, Roman Catholic 9.1%, Muslim 6.3%, Sikh 0.3%, other 0.3%, none 0.8% (2007 est.)" diff --git a/australia-oceania/nh.json b/australia-oceania/nh.json index f421f66a..710583c1 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nh.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nh.json @@ -909,7 +909,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "telecom services have progressed significantly in recent years; mobile phones are now the primary means of communication and more than 92% of the population is covered by a mobile network; 2016 saw the launch of LTE services and the introduction of rural satellite broadband services; mobile phone use in some rural areas is constrained by electricity shortages; investment in fixed broadband saw recent growth with fiber-optic cables; mobile broadband infrastructure also expanded with a reduction in prices; general broadband penetration is at 45%; Kacific-1 broadband satellite launch in 2019 will change telecommunications for the region (2020)" + "text": "

liberalized telecom services; mobile phones are primary means of communication; LTE services and rural satellite broadband services; mobile phone use in some rural areas is constrained by electricity shortages; investment in fixed-broadband infrastructure and installation of fiber-optic cables supported sector growth; mobile broadband infrastructure expanded in 2020, resulting in reduced consumer prices; Kacific-1 broadband satellite has improved broadband capacity and access since 2019; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular 88 per 100 (2019)" diff --git a/australia-oceania/nr.json b/australia-oceania/nr.json index 986e49f4..452137f2 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nr.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nr.json @@ -910,6 +910,11 @@ "Transnational Issues": { "Disputes - international": { "text": "

none

" + }, + "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { + "stateless persons": { + "text": "140 (2020)" + } } } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/australia-oceania/nz.json b/australia-oceania/nz.json index eaf08714..85217542 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nz.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nz.json @@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ "note": "note: based on the 2018 census of the usually resident population; percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents were able to identify more than one ethnic group" }, "Languages": { - "text": "English (de facto official) 95.4%, Maori (de jure official) 4%, Samoan 2.2%, Northern Chinese 2%, Hindi 1.5%, French 1.2%, Yue 1.1%, New Zealand Sign Language (de jure official) .5%, other or not stated 17.2% (2018 est.)

note: shares sum to 124.1% due to multiple responses on the 2018 census", + "text": "English (de facto official) 95.4%, Maori (de jure official) 4%, Samoan 2.2%, Northern Chinese 2%, Hindi 1.5%, French 1.2%, Yue 1.1%, New Zealand Sign Language (de jure official) 0.5%, other or not stated 17.2% (2018 est.)

note: shares sum to 124.1% due to multiple responses on the 2018 census", "note": "note: shares sum to 124.1% due to multiple responses on the 2018 census" }, "Religions": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/ps.json b/australia-oceania/ps.json index 01b64dfd..341c9d34 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/ps.json +++ b/australia-oceania/ps.json @@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ } }, "Ethnic groups": { - "text": "Palauan (Micronesian with Malayan and Melanesian admixtures) 73%, Carolinian 2%, Asian 21.7%, caucasian 1.2%, other 2.1% (2015 est.)" + "text": "Palauan (Micronesian with Malayan and Melanesian admixtures) 73%, Carolinian 2%, Asian 21.7%, Caucasian 1.2%, other 2.1% (2015 est.)" }, "Languages": { "text": "Palauan (official on most islands) 65.2%, other Micronesian 1.9%, English (official) 19.1%, Filipino 9.9%, Chinese 1.2%, other 2.8% (2015 est.)

note: Sonsoralese is official in Sonsoral; Tobian is official in Tobi; Angaur and Japanese are official in Angaur", diff --git a/australia-oceania/rm.json b/australia-oceania/rm.json index 3c7ac478..f49511e3 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/rm.json +++ b/australia-oceania/rm.json @@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ "text": "Marshallese 92.1%, mixed Marshallese 5.9%, other 2% (2006 est.)" }, "Languages": { - "text": "Marshallese (official) 98.2%, other languages 1.8% (1999 census)

note: English (official), widely spoken as a second language", + "text": "Marshallese (official) 98.2%, other languages 1.8% (1999 est.)

note: English (official), widely spoken as a second language", "note": "note: English (official), widely spoken as a second language" }, "Religions": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/tn.json b/australia-oceania/tn.json index 8d0605b3..da23a5c9 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/tn.json +++ b/australia-oceania/tn.json @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ } }, "Ethnic groups": { - "text": "Tongan 97%, part-Tongan 0.8%, other 2.2%, unspecified <.1% (2016 est.)" + "text": "Tongan 97%, part-Tongan 0.8%, other 2.2%, unspecified <0.1% (2016 est.)" }, "Languages": { "text": "Tongan and English 76.8%, Tongan, English, and other language 10.6%, Tongan only (official) 8.7%, English only (official) 0.7%, other 1.7%, none 2.2% (2016 est.)

note: data represent persons aged 5 and older who can read and write a simple sentence in Tongan, English, or another language", diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json index 217f4956..2b610ec5 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json @@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ "text": "president and vice presidents directly elected on the same ballot by modified majority popular vote (40% threshold) for a 4-year term (eligible for non-consecutive terms); election last held on 4 February 2018 with a runoff on 1 April 2018 (next to be held in February 2022)" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2018: Carlos ALVARADO Quesada elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Fabricio ALVARADO Munoz (PRN) 25%; Carlos ALVARADO Quesada (PAC) 21.6%; Antonio ALVAREZ (PLN) 18.6%; Rodolfo PIZA (PUSC) 16%; Juan Diego CASTRO (PIN) 9.5%; Rodolfo HERNANDEZ (PRS) 4.9%, other 4.4%; percent of vote in second round - Carlos ALVARADO Quesada (PAC) 60.7%; Fabricio ALVARADO Munoz (PRN) 39.3%

2014: Luis Guillermo SOLIS Rivera elected president; percent of vote - Luis Guillermo SOLIS Rivera (PAC) 77.8%; Johnny ARAYA (PLN) 22.2%" + "text": "
2018: Carlos ALVARADO Quesada elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Fabricio ALVARADO Munoz (PRN) 25%; Carlos ALVARADO Quesada (PAC) 21.6%; Antonio ALVAREZ (PLN) 18.6%; Rodolfo PIZA (PUSC) 16%; Juan Diego CASTRO (PIN) 9.5%; Rodolfo HERNANDEZ (PRS) 4.9%, other 4.4%; percent of vote in second round - Carlos ALVARADO Quesada (PAC) 60.7%; Fabricio ALVARADO Munoz (PRN) 39.3%

2014: Luis Guillermo SOLIS Rivera elected president; percent of vote - Luis Guillermo SOLIS Rivera (PAC) 77.8%; Johnny ARAYA (PLN) 22.2%" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -1161,7 +1161,7 @@ "text": "13,199 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or received alternative legal stay) (2021)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "231 (2019)" + "text": "199 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json index e565e353..4861bd7c 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json @@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a maximum of two consecutive terms); election last held on 5 July 2020 (next to be held in 2024); note - the 2020 election was rescheduled from 17 May to 5 July 2020 due to COVID-19 pandemic" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2020: Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona elected president in first round; percent of vote - Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona (PRM) 52.5%, Gonzalo CASTILLO Terrero (PLD) 37.5%, Leonel Antonio FERNANDEZ Reyna (FP) 8.9% other 1.1%

2016: Danilo MEDINA Sanchez reelected president; percent of vote - Danilo MEDINA Sanchez (PLD) 61.7%, Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona (PRM) 35%, other 3.3%; Margarita CEDENO DE FERNANDEZ (PLD) reelected vice president" + "text": "
2020: Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona elected president in first round; percent of vote - Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona (PRM) 52.5%, Gonzalo CASTILLO Terrero (PLD) 37.5%, Leonel Antonio FERNANDEZ Reyna (FP) 8.9% other 1.1%

2016: Danilo MEDINA Sanchez reelected president; percent of vote - Danilo MEDINA Sanchez (PLD) 61.7%, Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona (PRM) 35%, other 3.3%; Margarita CEDENO DE FERNANDEZ (PLD) reelected vice president" } }, "Legislative branch": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json index fb650291..ecf2bbe9 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json @@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 5-year term; election last held on 3 February 2019 (next to be held on February 2024)" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2019: Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez elected president - Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez (GANA) 53.1%, Carlos CALLEJA Hakker (ARENA) 31.72%, Hugo MARTINEZ (FMLN) 14.41%, other 0.77%

2014: Salvador SANCHEZ CEREN elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Salvador SANCHEZ CEREN (FMLN) 48.9%, Norman QUIJANO (ARENA) 39%, Antonio SACA (CN) 11.4%, other 0.7%; percent of vote in second round - Salvador SANCHEZ CEREN 50.1%, Norman QUIJANO 49.9%" + "text": "
2019: Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez elected president - Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez (GANA) 53.1%, Carlos CALLEJA Hakker (ARENA) 31.72%, Hugo MARTINEZ (FMLN) 14.41%, other 0.77%

2014: Salvador SANCHEZ CEREN elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Salvador SANCHEZ CEREN (FMLN) 48.9%, Norman QUIJANO (ARENA) 39%, Antonio SACA (CN) 11.4%, other 0.7%; percent of vote in second round - Salvador SANCHEZ CEREN 50.1%, Norman QUIJANO 49.9%" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -1167,11 +1167,6 @@ "Disputes - international": { "text": "

International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruled on the delimitation of \"bolsones\" (disputed areas) along the El Salvador-Honduras boundary, in 1992, with final agreement by the parties in 2006 after an Organization of American States survey and a further ICJ ruling in 2003; the 1992 ICJ ruling advised a tripartite resolution to a maritime boundary in the Gulf of Fonseca advocating Honduran access to the Pacific; El Salvador continues to claim tiny Conejo Island, not identified in the ICJ decision, off Honduras in the Gulf of Fonseca

" }, - "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { - "IDPs": { - "text": "71,500 (2018)" - } - }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "transshipment point for cocaine; small amounts of marijuana produced for local consumption; significant use of cocaine" } diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json index 9c788980..0216ef97 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json @@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (not eligible for consecutive terms); election last held on 16 June 2019 with a runoff on 11 August 2019 (next to be held in June 2023)" }, "election results": { - "text": "2019: Alejandro GIAMMATTEI elected president; percent of vote in first round - Sandra TORRES (UNE) 25.54%, Alejandro GIAMMATTEI (VAMOS) 13.95%, Edmond MULET (PHG) 11.21%, Thelma CABRERA (MLP) 10.37%, Roberto ARZU (PAN-PODEMOS) 6.08%; percent of vote in second round - Alejandro GIAMMATTEI (VAMOS) 58%, Sandra TORRES (UNE) 42%

2015: Jimmy Ernesto MORALES Cabrera elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jimmy Ernesto MORALES Cabrera (FNC) 23.9%, Sandra TORRES (UNE) 19.8%, Manuel BALDIZON (LIDER) 19.6%, other 36.7%; percent of vote in second round - Jimmy Ernesto MORALES Cabrera 67.4%, Sandra TORRES 32.6%" + "text": "2019: Alejandro GIAMMATTEI elected president; percent of vote in first round - Sandra TORRES (UNE) 25.54%, Alejandro GIAMMATTEI (VAMOS) 13.95%, Edmond MULET (PHG) 11.21%, Thelma CABRERA (MLP) 10.37%, Roberto ARZU (PAN-PODEMOS) 6.08%; percent of vote in second round - Alejandro GIAMMATTEI (VAMOS) 58%, Sandra TORRES (UNE) 42%

2015: Jimmy Ernesto MORALES Cabrera elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jimmy Ernesto MORALES Cabrera (FNC) 23.9%, Sandra TORRES (UNE) 19.8%, Manuel BALDIZON (LIDER) 19.6%, other 36.7%; percent of vote in second round - Jimmy Ernesto MORALES Cabrera 67.4%, Sandra TORRES 32.6%" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -1181,7 +1181,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "IDPs": { - "text": "242,000 (more than three decades of internal conflict that ended in 1996 displaced mainly the indigenous Maya population and rural peasants; ongoing drug cartel and gang violence) (2019)" + "text": "242,000 (more than three decades of internal conflict that ended in 1996 displaced mainly the indigenous Maya population and rural peasants; ongoing drug cartel and gang violence) (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json index d0a46cc3..a172772d 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json @@ -531,10 +531,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Jovenel MOISE (since 7 February 2017)" + "text": "Interim President Claude JOSEPH (since 7 July 2021); note - Acting Prime Minister Claude JOSEPH assumed the responsibilities of president following the assassination of President Jovenel MOISE on 7 July 2021; an election is expected to be held later this year; MOISE had been president since 7 February 2017" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Acting Prime Minister Claude JOSEPH (since 14 April 2021)
note - Joseph JOUTHE resigned as prime minister on 13 April 2021" + "text": "Acting Prime Minister Claude JOSEPH (since 14 April 2021); note - Joseph JOUTHE resigned as prime minister on 13 April 2021; on 5 July 2021, Ariel HENRY was selected by President MOISE to be the next prime minister, though the assassination of MOISE has delayed the transition" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet chosen by the prime minister in consultation with the president; parliament must ratify the Cabinet and Prime Minister's governing policy" @@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a single non-consecutive term); last election originally scheduled for 9 October 2016 but postponed until 20 November 2016 due to Hurricane Matthew" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2016: Jovenel MOISE elected president in first round; percent of vote - Jovenel MOISE (PHTK) 55.6%, Jude CELESTIN (LAPEH) 19.6%, Jean-Charles MOISE (PPD) 11%, Maryse NARCISSE (FL) 9%; other 4.8%

2011: Michel MARTELLY elected president in runoff; percent of vote - Michel MARTELLY (Peasant's Response) 68%, Mirlande MANIGAT (RDNP) 32%" + "text": "
2016: Jovenel MOISE elected president in first round; percent of vote - Jovenel MOISE (PHTK) 55.6%, Jude CELESTIN (LAPEH) 19.6%, Jean-Charles MOISE (PPD) 11%, Maryse NARCISSE (FL) 9%; other 4.8%

2011: Michel MARTELLY elected president in runoff; percent of vote - Michel MARTELLY (Peasant's Response) 68%, Mirlande MANIGAT (RDNP) 32%" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -1091,7 +1091,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "IDPs": { - "text": "34,508 (includes only IDPs from the 2010 earthquake living in camps or camp-like situations; information is lacking about IDPs living outside of camps or who have left camps) (2019)" + "text": "17,105 (violence among armed gangs in the metropolitan area os Port-au-Prince) (2021)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "2,992 (2018); note - individuals without a nationality who were born in the Dominican Republic prior to January 2010" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json index 49d2b241..4fa1261e 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json @@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term; election last held on 26 November 2017 (next to be held in November 2021); note - in 2015, the Constitutional Chamber of the Honduran Supreme Court struck down the constitutional provisions on presidential term limits" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2017: Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado reelected president; percent of vote - Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado (PNH) 43%, Salvador NASRALLA (Alianza de Oposicion conta la Dictadura) 41.4%, Luis Orlando ZELAYA Medrano (PL) 14.7%, other .9%

2013: Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado elected president; percent of vote - Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado (PNH) 36.9%, Xiomara CASTRO (LIBRE) 28.8%, Mauricio VILLEDA (PL) 20.3%, Salvador NASRALLA (PAC) 13.4%, other 0.6%" + "text": "
2017: Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado reelected president; percent of vote - Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado (PNH) 43%, Salvador NASRALLA (Alianza de Oposicion conta la Dictadura) 41.4%, Luis Orlando ZELAYA Medrano (PL) 14.7%, other .9%

2013: Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado elected president; percent of vote - Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado (PNH) 36.9%, Xiomara CASTRO (LIBRE) 28.8%, Mauricio VILLEDA (PL) 20.3%, Salvador NASRALLA (PAC) 13.4%, other 0.6%" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -1171,7 +1171,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "IDPs": { - "text": "247,000 (violence, extortion, threats, forced recruitment by urban gangs between 2004 and 2018) (2019)" + "text": "247,000 (violence, extortion, threats, forced recruitment by urban gangs between 2004 and 2018) (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json index 64340768..39c87af7 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json @@ -108,13 +108,13 @@ } }, "Ethnic groups": { - "text": "African/Black 88.4%, mixed 3.7%, Hispanic/Spanish 3%, Caucasian/White 2.7%, East Indian/Indian 1.5%, other 0.7% (2011 est.)" + "text": "African/Black 86.2%, mixed 4.8%, Hispanic/Spanish 3%, Caucasian/White 2.7%, East Indian/Indian 1.6%, other 1.8% (2018 est.)" }, "Languages": { "text": "English" }, "Religions": { - "text": "Protestant 67.1% (includes Anglican 21.8%, Methodist 17%, Pentecostal 14.1%, Seventh Day Adventist 10.5%, and Church of God 3.7%), Roman Catholic 11.6%, Rastafarian 1.4%, other 6.5%, none 2.6%, unspecified 10.8% (2001 est.)" + "text": "Protestant 71.4% (includes Anglican 17.7%, Pentecostal/Full Gospel 16.1%, Seventh Day Adventist 15%, Methodist 13.9%, Church of God 6.7%, other Protestant 2%), Roman Catholic 11.4%, Rastafarian 1.4%, Hindu 1.2%, Jehovah's Witness 1%, Muslim 0.4%, other/not stated 5.1%, none 7.9% (2018 est.)" }, "Age structure": { "0-14 years": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json index cd425cf5..98b9e891 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json @@ -1128,7 +1128,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Army of Nicaragua has approximately 12,000 active personnel (10,000 Army; 800 Navy; 1,200 Air Force) (2020)" + "text": "the Army of Nicaragua has approximately 12,000 active personnel (10,000 Army; 800 Navy; 1,200 Air Force) (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Nicaraguan military's inventory includes mostly Russian/Soviet-era equipment; since 2010, Russia is the leading arms supplier to Nicaragua (2020)" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json index 31bd50aa..810295b0 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json @@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term; president eligible for a single non-consecutive term); election last held on 5 May 2019 (next to be held in 2024)" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2019: Laurentino \"Nito\" CORTIZO Cohen elected president; percent of vote - Laurentino CORTIZO Cohen (PRD) 33.3%, Romulo ROUX (CD) 31%, Ricardo LOMBANA (independent) 18.8%, Jose BLANDON (Panamenista Party) 10.8%, Ana Matilde GOMEZ Ruiloba (independent) 4.8%, other 1.3%

2014: Juan Carlos VARELA elected president; percent of vote - Juan Carlos VARELA (PP) 39.1%, Jose Domingo ARIAS (CD) 31.4%, Juan Carlos NAVARRO (PRD) 28.2%, other 1.3%" + "text": "
2019: Laurentino \"Nito\" CORTIZO Cohen elected president; percent of vote - Laurentino CORTIZO Cohen (PRD) 33.3%, Romulo ROUX (CD) 31%, Ricardo LOMBANA (independent) 18.8%, Jose BLANDON (Panamenista Party) 10.8%, Ana Matilde GOMEZ Ruiloba (independent) 4.8%, other 1.3%

2014: Juan Carlos VARELA elected president; percent of vote - Juan Carlos VARELA (PP) 39.1%, Jose Domingo ARIAS (CD) 31.4%, Juan Carlos NAVARRO (PRD) 28.2%, other 1.3%" } }, "Legislative branch": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json index a5e71031..75d66659 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json @@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ } }, "Ethnic groups": { - "text": "African descent 92.5%, mixed 3%, White 2.1%, East Indian 1.5%, other .6%, unspecified .3% (2001 est.)" + "text": "African descent 92.5%, mixed 3%, White 2.1%, East Indian 1.5%, other 0.6%, unspecified 0.3% (2001 est.)" }, "Languages": { "text": "English (official)" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/uc.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/uc.json index 59b73d7f..0eceb836 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/uc.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/uc.json @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ } }, "Natural resources": { - "text": "

calcium phosphates, aloes, sorghum, peanuts, vegetables, tropical fruit

" + "text": "

calcium phosphates, protected harbors, hot springs

" }, "Land use": { "agricultural land": { @@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ "text": "Curacaoan 75.4%, Dutch 6%, Dominican 3.6%, Colombian 3%, Bonairean, Sint Eustatian, Saban 1.5%, Haitian 1.2%, Surinamese 1.2%, Venezuelan 1.1%, Aruban 1.1%, other 5%, unspecified 0.9% (2011 est.)" }, "Languages": { - "text": "Papiamento (official) (a creole language that is a mixture of Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, English, and, to a lesser extent, French, as well as elements of African languages and the language of the Arawak) 79.9%, Dutch (official) 8.8%, Spanish 5.6%, English (official) 3.1%, other 2.9%, unspecified .3% (2001 census)

note: data represent most spoken language in household", + "text": "Papiamento (official) (a creole language that is a mixture of Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, English, and, to a lesser extent, French, as well as elements of African languages and the language of the Arawak) 80%, Dutch (official) 8.8%, Spanish 5.6%, English (official) 3.1%, other 2.3%, unspecified 0.3% (2011 est.)

note: data represent most spoken language in household", "note": "note: data represent most spoken language in household" }, "Religions": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/vi.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/vi.json index 25baabf6..ae958bc8 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/vi.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/vi.json @@ -332,10 +332,10 @@ } }, "Dependency status": { - "text": "overseas territory of the UK; internal self-governing" + "text": "Overseas Territory of the UK; internal self-governing" }, "Government type": { - "text": "parliamentary democracy; self-governing overseas territory of the UK" + "text": "Overseas Territory of the UK with limited self-government; parliamentary democracy" }, "Capital": { "name": { @@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ "text": "none (overseas territory of the UK)" }, "Independence": { - "text": "none (overseas territory of the UK)" + "text": "none (Overseas Territory of the UK)" }, "National holiday": { "text": "Territory Day, 1 July (1956)" diff --git a/central-asia/kg.json b/central-asia/kg.json index e7ddd48b..eb99abf2 100644 --- a/central-asia/kg.json +++ b/central-asia/kg.json @@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ "text": "previous 1993; latest adopted by referendum 27 June 2010, effective 2 July 2010; note - constitutional amendments that bolstered some presidential powers and transferred others from the president to the prime minister were passed in late 2017" }, "amendments": { - "text": "proposed as a draft law by the majority of the Supreme Council membership or by petition of 300,000 voters; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the Council membership in each of at least three readings of the draft two months apart; the draft may be submitted to a referendum if approved by two thirds of the Council membership; adoption requires the signature of the president; amended 2017" + "text": "proposed as a draft law by the majority of the Supreme Council membership or by petition of 300,000 voters; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the Council membership in each of at least three readings of the draft two months apart; the draft may be submitted to a referendum if approved by two thirds of the Council membership; adoption requires the signature of the president; amended 2017, 2021; note - among the changes included in the 2021 amendment are the reduction of the Supreme Council membership to 90 seats from 120 and the establishment of the People's Kurultai (Assembly), described as \"a consultative and coordinating organ\"" } }, "Legal system": { @@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { - "text": "unicameral Supreme Council or Jogorku Kengesh (120 seats; parties directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by closed party-list proportional representation vote; members selected from party lists to serve 5-year terms)" + "text": "unicameral Supreme Council or Jogorku Kengesh (120 seats; parties directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by closed party-list proportional representation vote; members selected from party lists; winning parties limited to no more than 65 seats; members serve 5-year terms)" }, "elections": { "text": "last held on 4 October 2020 (next to be held NA); note - the results of the 2020 election were annulled on 6 October 2020 following mass protests" @@ -1095,7 +1095,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Kyrgyz Armed Forces have approximately 12,000 active duty troops (8,500 Land Forces; 2,500 Air Force/Air Defense; 1,000 National Guard) (2020)" + "text": "the Kyrgyz Armed Forces have approximately 12,000 active duty troops (8,500 Land Forces; 2,500 Air Force/Air Defense; 1,000 National Guard) (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Kyrgyz Armed Forces' inventory is comprised of older Russian and Soviet-era equipment; Kyrgyzstan relies on donations of military equipment, which come mostly from Russia under a 2013 agreement between Bishkek and Moscow (2020)" @@ -1113,7 +1113,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "58 (2019)" + "text": "18 (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/central-asia/kz.json b/central-asia/kz.json index 6e406c9a..30d856ce 100644 --- a/central-asia/kz.json +++ b/central-asia/kz.json @@ -537,13 +537,13 @@ }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { - "text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:
Senate (49 seats; 34 members indirectly elected by majority 2-round vote by the oblast-level assemblies and 15 members appointed by decree of the president; members serve 6-year terms, with one-half of the membership renewed every 3 years)
Mazhilis (107 seats; 98 members directly elected in a single national constituency by proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms and 9 indirectly elected by the Assembly of People of Kazakhstan, a 350-member, presidentially appointed advisory body designed to represent the country's ethnic minorities)" + "text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:
Senate (49 seats; 34 members indirectly elected by 2-round majority vote by the oblast-level assemblies and 15 members appointed by decree of the president; members serve 6-year terms, with one-half of the membership renewed every 3 years)
Mazhilis (107 seats; 98 members directly elected in a single national constituency by proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms and 9 indirectly elected by the Assembly of People of Kazakhstan, a 351-member, presidentially appointed advisory body designed to represent the country's ethnic minorities)" }, "elections": { "text": "
Senate - last held on 12 August 2020 (next to be held in 2026)
Mazhilis - last held on 10 January 2021 (next to be held in 2026)" }, "election results": { - "text": " 
Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 42, women 5, percent of women 10.6%
Mazhilis - percent of vote by party - Nur Otan 71.1%, Ak Zhol 11%, People's Party 9.1%, other 8.8%; seats by party - Nur Otan 76, Ak Zhol 12, People's Party 10" + "text": " 
Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 42, women 5, percent of women 10.6%
Mazhilis - percent of vote by party - Nur Otan 71.1%, Ak Zhol 11%, People's Party 9.1%, other 8.8%; seats by party - Nur Otan 76, Ak Zhol 12, People's Party 10; composition - men 78, women 29, percent of women 27%" } }, "Judicial branch": { @@ -1125,7 +1125,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan: Land Forces, Navy, Air and Air Defense Force; Ministry of Internal Affairs: National Guard, Border Service (includes Coast Guard), State Security Service (2020)" + "text": "Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan: Land Forces, Naval Forces, Air and Air Defense Forces; Ministry of Internal Affairs: National Guard, Border Service (includes Coast Guard), State Security Service (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2019": { @@ -1145,7 +1145,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "estimates of the size of the Armed Forces of Kazakhstan vary; approximately 45,000 active duty personnel (30,000 Army; 3,000 Navy; 12,000 Air and Air Defense) (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 45,000 active duty personnel (30,000 Land Forces; 3,000 Naval Forces; 12,000 Air and Air Defense Forces) (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Kazakh military's inventory is comprised of mostly older Russian and Soviet-era equipment; since 2010, Russia remains by far the leading supplier of weapons systems (2020)" @@ -1164,7 +1164,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "8,386 (2019)" + "text": "7,999 (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/central-asia/rs.json b/central-asia/rs.json index 939459df..9f117005 100644 --- a/central-asia/rs.json +++ b/central-asia/rs.json @@ -1200,7 +1200,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "size estimates for the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation vary; approximately 800,000 total active duty troops (350,000 Ground Troops, including about 40,000 Airborne Troops; 150,000 Navy; 150,000 Aerospace Forces; 60,000 Strategic Rocket Forces; 90,000 other uniformed personnel (special operations forces, command and control, support, etc.); est. 200-250,000 Federal National Guard Troops (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 800,000 total active duty troops (350,000 Ground Troops, including about 40,000 Airborne Troops; 150,000 Navy; 150,000 Aerospace Forces; 60,000 Strategic Rocket Forces; 90,000 other uniformed personnel (special operations forces, command and control, support, etc.); est. 200-250,000 Federal National Guard Troops (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Russian Federation's military and paramilitary services are equipped with domestically-produced weapons systems, although since 2010 Russia has imported limited amounts of military hardware from several countries, including Czechia, France, Israel, Italy, Turkey, and Ukraine; the Russian defense industry is capable of designing, developing, and producing a full range of advanced air, land, missile, and naval systems; Russia is the world's second largest exporter of military hardware (2020)" @@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@ "text": "41,251 (Ukraine) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "68,209 (2019); note - Russia's stateless population consists of Roma, Meskhetian Turks, and ex-Soviet citizens from the former republics; between 2003 and 2010 more than 600,000 stateless people were naturalized; most Meskhetian Turks, followers of Islam with origins in Georgia, fled or were evacuated from Uzbekistan after a 1989 pogrom and have lived in Russia for more than the required five-year residency period; they continue to be denied registration for citizenship and basic rights by local Krasnodar Krai authorities on the grounds that they are temporary illegal migrants" + "text": "60,185 (2020); note - Russia's stateless population consists of Roma, Meskhetian Turks, and ex-Soviet citizens from the former republics; between 2003 and 2010 more than 600,000 stateless people were naturalized; most Meskhetian Turks, followers of Islam with origins in Georgia, fled or were evacuated from Uzbekistan after a 1989 pogrom and have lived in Russia for more than the required five-year residency period; they continue to be denied registration for citizenship and basic rights by local Krasnodar Krai authorities on the grounds that they are temporary illegal migrants" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/central-asia/ti.json b/central-asia/ti.json index af52388f..b5b1233b 100644 --- a/central-asia/ti.json +++ b/central-asia/ti.json @@ -112,10 +112,10 @@ }, "Languages": { "Languages": { - "text": "Tajik (official) 84.4%, Uzbek 11.9%, Kyrgyz .8%, Russian .5%, other 2.4% (2010 est.)" + "text": "Tajik (official) 84.4%, Uzbek 11.9%, Kyrgyz 0.8%, Russian 0.5%, other 2.4% (2010 est.)" }, "printed major-language sample": { - "text": "Китоби Фактҳои Ҷаҳонӣ, манбаи бебадали маълумоти асосӣ (Tajik)" + "text": "
Китоби Фактҳои Ҷаҳонӣ, манбаи бебадали маълумоти асосӣ (Tajik)" }, "note": "note: Russian widely used in government and business" }, @@ -543,13 +543,13 @@ }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { - "text": "bicameral Supreme Assembly or Majlisi Oli consists of:
National Assembly or Majlisi Milli (34 seats; 25 members indirectly elected by local representative assemblies or majlisi, 8 appointed by the president, and 1 reserved for each living former president; members serve 5-year terms)
Assembly of Representatives or Majlisi Namoyandagon (63 seats; 41 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by 2-round absolute majority vote and 22 directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)" + "text": "bicameral Supreme Assembly or Majlisi Oli consists of:
National Assembly or Majlisi Milli (34 seats; 25 members indirectly elected by local representative assemblies or majlisi, 8 appointed by the president, and 1 reserved for each living former president; members serve 5-year terms)
Assembly of Representatives or Majlisi Namoyandagon (63 seats; 41 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by 2-round absolute majority vote and 22 directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by closed-list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)" }, "elections": { - "text": "
National Assembly - last held on 1 March 2020 (next to be held in 2025)
Assembly of Representatives - last held on 1 March 2020 (next to be held in 2025)" + "text": "
National Assembly - last held on 1 March 2020 (next to be held in 2025)
Assembly of Representatives - last held on 1 March 2020 (next to be held in 2025)" }, "election results": { - "text": "
National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 28, women 6, percent of women 17.6%
Assembly of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PDPT 50.4%, PERT 16.6%, APT 16.5%, SPT 5.2%, DPT 5.1%, CPT 3.1%, other 3.1%; seats by party - PDPT 47, APT 7, PERT 5, CPT 2, SPT 1, DPT 1; composition - men 50, women 13, percent of women 20.6%; note - total Supreme Assembly percent of women 19.6%" + "text": "
National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 28, women 6, percent of women 17.6%
Assembly of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PDPT 50.4%, PERT 16.6%, APT 16.5%, SPT 5.2%, DPT 5.1%, CPT 3.1%, other 3.1%; seats by party - PDPT 47, APT 7, PERT 5, CPT 2, SPT 1, DPT 1; composition - men 48, women 15, percent of women 23.8%; note - total Supreme Assembly percent of women 21.6%" } }, "Judicial branch": { @@ -974,7 +974,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "foreign investment in the telephone system has resulted in major improvements; an increase in mobile broadband penetration, but still in the early stages and remains low compared to those in the region; the country has endeavored to launch 4G/LTE services with mixed results; 7 major cities have 4G coverage; 5 major operators in the market (2020)" + "text": "

Tajikistan’s telecom sector continues to struggle due to geographic isolation, lack of electricity, dysfunctional business climate, and impoverished citizenry; despite the launch of 4G/LTE services, one of the lowest fixed-line penetrations in Asia and one of the lowest broadband levels in the world; with help from foreign investment, mobile sector near saturation phase; Russian loans and Chinese investment in infrastructure through Economic Corridor initiatives; a few cities have 4G coverage; LTE-based smart city concept in Dushanbe; government restricts political rights and civil liberties, controlling information through media interruptions; government raised rates on Internet-based calls and Internet services in 2020, making price one of the highest in the world; importer of video displays and broadcasting equipment from China (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed line availability has not changed significantly since 1998, while mobile cellular subscribership, aided by competition among multiple operators, has expanded rapidly; coverage now extends to all major cities and towns; fixed-line 5 per 100 and mobile-cellular 112 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1130,7 +1130,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "7,151 (2019)" + "text": "6,385 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/central-asia/tx.json b/central-asia/tx.json index 2d2c675a..ffd32b0e 100644 --- a/central-asia/tx.json +++ b/central-asia/tx.json @@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ "text": "Turkmen (official) 72%, Russian 12%, Uzbek 9%, other 7%" }, "Religions": { - "text": "Muslim 89%, Eastern Orthodox 9%, unknown 2%" + "text": "Muslim 93%, Christian 6.4%, Buddhist <1%, folk religion <1%, Jewish <1%, other <1%, unspecified <1% (2020 est.)" }, "Age structure": { "0-14 years": { @@ -910,7 +910,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "telecommunications network is gradually improving from the former Soviet republic; state control over most economic activities has not helped growth; in cooperation with foreign partners, the telecom sector has installed high-speed fiber-optic lines and has upgraded most of the country's telephone exchanges and switching centers with new digital technology; the mobile market will see slow growth; some rural areas are still without telephones; mobile broadband is in the early stages of development; in 2019 Russia-based operator said to be leaving the country and leaving only 1 public operator (2020)" + "text": "

stagnant economy, rural geography, and authoritarian rule limit development of the telecom sector; in cooperation with Russian-based partners, operators have installed high-speed fiber-optic lines and upgraded most of the country's telephone switch centers with digital technology; some rural areas lack fixed-line coverage; mobile broadband is in the early stages of development; services are extremely slow, though Trans-Caspian cable will provide international Internet capacity and improvement in services; freedom of press and expression restricted through monitoring, media interruption, and removal of receivers from households; importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 12 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity is about 163 per 100 persons; first telecommunication satellite was launched in 2015 (2019)" @@ -1038,7 +1038,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Armed Forces of Turkmenistan: National Army, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces; Federal Border Guard Service (2020)" + "text": "Armed Forces of Turkmenistan: National Army, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces; Federal Border Guard Service (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2017": { @@ -1058,7 +1058,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Armed Forces of Turkmenistan have an estimated 35,000 active troops (est. 30,000 National Army; 1,000 Navy; 4,000 Air and Air Defense Forces) (2020)" + "text": "information varies; estimated 35,000 active troops (est. 30,000 National Army; 1,000 Navy; 4,000 Air and Air Defense Forces) (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the inventory for Turkmenistan's military is comprised almost entirely of older Russian and Soviet-era weapons systems, although in recent years, Turkmenistan has opened itself up to equipment from other countries; since 2010, China, Russia, and Turkey are the leading arms suppliers to Turkmenistan (2020)" @@ -1073,7 +1073,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "3,688 (2019)" + "text": "3,924 (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/central-asia/uz.json b/central-asia/uz.json index 0d660d80..f4aac04c 100644 --- a/central-asia/uz.json +++ b/central-asia/uz.json @@ -945,7 +945,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "digital exchanges in large cities and in rural areas; increased investment in infrastructure and growing subscriber base; fixed-line is underdeveloped due to preeminence of mobile market; introduction of prepaid Internet has contributed to home Internet usage; increase in mobile broadband penetration yet still early stages; Wi-Fi hotspot in the city of Tashkent in the future (2020)" + "text": "land-locked, authoritarian state with government grip on ICT technology and no integrated plan; government plans to develop infrastructure to improve geographical disparities in service; increased investment in infrastructure, with aims of expanding subscriber base and rising revenue; some villages have no connectivity, and 70% have 2G with development of 3G and 4G; free WiFi spots across country to boost tourism; Russian operator invested in joint venture on mobile services; government in discussion with Huawei on additional ventures; digital exchanges in large cities and some rural areas; fixed-line is underdeveloped due to preeminence of mobile market; introduction of prepaid Internet has contributed to home Internet usage; consumers largely reliant on terrestrial links and VSAT networks; media controlled by state; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021) (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 11 per 100 person and mobile-cellular 101 per 100; the state-owned telecommunications company, Uzbek Telecom, owner of the fixed-line telecommunications system, has used loans from the Japanese government and the China Development Bank to upgrade fixed-line services including conversion to digital exchanges; mobile-cellular services are provided by 2 private and 3 state-owned operators with a total subscriber base of 22.8 million as of January 2018 (2019)" @@ -1065,7 +1065,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Armed Forces of Uzbekistan: Army, Air and Air Defense Forces; National Guard; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Internal Security Troops (2020)" + "text": "Armed Forces of Uzbekistan: Army, Air and Air Defense Forces; National Guard; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Internal Security Troops (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2018": { @@ -1076,7 +1076,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "assessments for the size of the Armed Forces of Uzbekistan vary; approximately 50,000 total active troops (est. 40,000 Army; est. 10,000 Air and Air Defense Forces) (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 50-60,000 total active troops (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Uzbek Armed Forces use mainly Soviet-era equipment, although since 2010 they have received weapons and aircraft from a variety of sources, including China, France, Russia, Spain, Turkey, and the US (2020)" @@ -1097,7 +1097,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "97,346 (2019)" + "text": "69,791 (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json index ab543fe9..b810a207 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json @@ -1178,7 +1178,7 @@ "text": "18-35 years of age (men) and 18-27 years of age (women) for voluntary military service; no conscription (a 2010 law reintroducing conscription has not yet entered into force); 2-year service obligation; male (ages 18-45) and female (ages 18-35) professionals (including doctors, engineers, mechanics) serve up to 3 years; service terms may be stretched to 5 years in an officially declared emergency (2019)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "since the country's founding, the armed forces have been heavily involved in domestic politics and ran the country for five decades following a military coup in 1962; the military controls three key security ministries (Defense, Border, and Home Affairs), one of two vice presidential appointments, 25% of the parliamentary seats, and has a proxy political party, the Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP)

the military owns and operates two business conglomerates that own over 100 subsidiaries and have close ties to other companies; the business activities of these conglomerates include banking and insurance, hotels, tourism, jade and ruby mining, timber, construction, real estate, and the production of palm oil, sugar, soap, cement, beverages, drinking water, coal, and gas; some of the companies supply goods and services to the military, such as food, clothing, insurance, and cellphone service; the military also runs manages a film industry, publishing houses, and television stations

the military's primary operational focus is internal security, particularly counterinsurgency operations against several ethnic-based insurgent groups in Kachin, Rakhine, and Shan states, such as the Arakan Army, the Kachin Independence Army, the Shan State Army, and the Tang National Liberation Army; these operations have resulted in numerous civilian casualties, human rights abuses, and internal displacement" + "text": "since the country's founding, the armed forces have been heavily involved in domestic politics and ran the country for five decades following a military coup in 1962; the military controls three key security ministries (Defense, Border, and Home Affairs), one of two vice presidential appointments, 25% of the parliamentary seats, and has a proxy political party, the Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP)

the military owns and operates two business conglomerates that have over 100 subsidiaries and have close ties to other companies; the business activities of these conglomerates include banking and insurance, hotels, tourism, jade and ruby mining, timber, construction, real estate, and the production of palm oil, sugar, soap, cement, beverages, drinking water, coal, and gas; some of the companies supply goods and services to the military, such as food, clothing, insurance, and cellphone service; the military also runs manages a film industry, publishing houses, and television stations

the military's primary operational focus is internal security, particularly counterinsurgency operations against ethnic-based insurgent groups; these operations have resulted in numerous civilian casualties, human rights abuses, and internal displacement

there are approximately 20 ethnic-based armed groups operating in Burma with strengths of a few hundred up to more than 20,000 estimated fighters; they are estimated to control about one-third of the country’s territory, primarily in the border regions; key groups include the United Wa State Army, the Karen National Union, the Kachin Independence Army, the Arakan Army, the Ta’ang National Liberation Army, and the Myanmar Nationalities Democratic Alliance Army; in 2015, the Burmese Government signed a Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) with eight mostly small armed groups, including the All Burma Students’ Democratic Front, Arakan Liberation Party, Chin National Front, Democratic Karen Benevolent Army, Karen National Liberation Army-Peace Council, Karen National Union, Pa-O National Liberation Organization, and Shan State Army-South; seven other groups did not sign the NCA, but have signed bi-lateral ceasefires with the Burmese Government, including the National Democratic Alliance Army, Shan State Army, New Mon State Army, Karenni Army, National Socialist Council of Nagaland–Khaplang, and the United Wa State Army, which is assessed to be the largest and most capable group, with more than 20,000 fighters; others, such as the Arakan Army (Chin, Kachin, Rakhine, Shan states; the Arakan Army entered into ceasefire negotiations with the Burmese Government in November 2020), Kachin Independence Army (Kachin state), Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (Shan state), Shanni Nationalities Army (Kachin state), and Taang National Liberation Army (Shan state) continue to engage in active insurgent operations against the Burmese Government; since March 2021, the Karen National Union has resumed fighting with the Burmese military

in addition, Burma has a large number (estimates run into the thousands) of armed militias which take many different forms and vary in allegiances and size; most are pro-government and associated with the Tatmadaw; some are integrated within the Tatmadaw’s command structure as Border Guard Forces (BGF); BGF are organized as 325-man battalions that include a mix of militia forces, ethnic armed groups, and government soldiers; they are armed, supplied, and paid by the Tatmadaw; other pro-government militias are not integrated within the Tatmadaw command structure, but receive direction from the military and are recognized as government militias; the amount of support they receive from the Tatmadaw varies depending on local security conditions; a third type of pro-government militias are small community-based militias that are armed, coordinated, and trained by local Tatmadaw units and activated as needed; anti-government militias are typically associated with ethnic-based armed organizations

" } }, "Transnational Issues": { @@ -1187,10 +1187,10 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "IDPs": { - "text": "457,000 (government offensives against armed ethnic minority groups near its borders with China and Thailand, natural disasters, forced land evictions) (2019)" + "text": "505,000 (government offensives against armed ethnic minority groups near its borders with China and Thailand, natural disasters, forced land evictions) (2020)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "600,000 (2019); note - Rohingya Muslims, living predominantly in Rakhine State, are Burma's main group of stateless people; the Burmese Government does not recognize the Rohingya as a \"national race\" and stripped them of their citizenship under the 1982 Citizenship Law, categorizing them as \"non-nationals\" or \"foreign residents\"; under the Rakhine State Action Plan drafted in October 2014, the Rohingya must demonstrate their family has lived in Burma for at least 60 years to qualify for a lesser naturalized citizenship and the classification of Bengali or be put in detention camps and face deportation; native-born but non-indigenous people, such as Indians, are also stateless; the Burmese Government does not grant citizenship to children born outside of the country to Burmese parents who left the country illegally or fled persecution, such as those born in Thailand; the number of stateless persons has decreased dramatically because hundreds of thousands of Rohingya have fled to Bangladesh since 25 August 2017 to escape violence" + "text": "600,000 (2020); note - Rohingya Muslims, living predominantly in Rakhine State, are Burma's main group of stateless people; the Burmese Government does not recognize the Rohingya as a \"national race\" and stripped them of their citizenship under the 1982 Citizenship Law, categorizing them as \"non-nationals\" or \"foreign residents\"; under the Rakhine State Action Plan drafted in October 2014, the Rohingya must demonstrate their family has lived in Burma for at least 60 years to qualify for a lesser naturalized citizenship and the classification of Bengali or be put in detention camps and face deportation; native-born but non-indigenous people, such as Indians, are also stateless; the Burmese Government does not grant citizenship to children born outside of the country to Burmese parents who left the country illegally or fled persecution, such as those born in Thailand; the number of stateless persons has decreased dramatically because hundreds of thousands of Rohingya have fled to Bangladesh since 25 August 2017 to escape violence" }, "note": "note: estimate does not include stateless IDPs or stateless persons in IDP-like situations because they are included in estimates of IDPs (2017)" }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/bx.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/bx.json index 58e3ec84..b4209dd0 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/bx.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/bx.json @@ -1043,7 +1043,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "20,863 (2019); note - thousands of stateless persons, often ethnic Chinese, are permanent residents and their families have lived in Brunei for generations; obtaining citizenship is difficult and requires individuals to pass rigorous tests on Malay culture, customs, and language; stateless residents receive an International Certificate of Identity, which enables them to travel overseas; the government is considering changing the law prohibiting non-Bruneians, including stateless permanent residents, from owning land" + "text": "20,863 (2020); note - thousands of stateless persons, often ethnic Chinese, are permanent residents and their families have lived in Brunei for generations; obtaining citizenship is difficult and requires individuals to pass rigorous tests on Malay culture, customs, and language; stateless residents receive an International Certificate of Identity, which enables them to travel overseas; the government is considering changing the law prohibiting non-Bruneians, including stateless permanent residents, from owning land" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json index 34ac5531..bfd75b15 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json @@ -1165,7 +1165,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "57,444 (2019)" + "text": "57,444 (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json index 0cf3b074..c0e07fd2 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json @@ -1166,8 +1166,8 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "People's Liberation Army (PLA): Ground Forces, Navy (PLAN, includes marines and naval aviation), Air Force (PLAAF, includes airborne forces), Rocket Force (strategic missile force), and Strategic Support Force (information warfare, cyber, space forces); People's Armed Police (PAP, includes Coast Guard, Border Defense Force, Internal Security Forces); PLA Reserve Force (2021)

note(s): the PAP is a paramilitary police component of China’s armed forces that is under the command of the Central Military Commission (CMC) and charged with internal security, law enforcement, counterterrorism, and maritime rights protection

in 2018, the Coast Guard was moved from the State Oceanic Administration to the PAP; in 2013, China merged four of its five major maritime law enforcement agencies – the China Marine Surveillance (CMS), Maritime Police, Fishery Law Enforcement (FLE), and Anti-Smuggling Police – into a unified coast guard
", - "note": "note(s): the PAP is a paramilitary police component of China’s armed forces that is under the command of the Central Military Commission (CMC) and charged with internal security, law enforcement, counterterrorism, and maritime rights protection

in 2018, the Coast Guard was moved from the State Oceanic Administration to the PAP; in 2013, China merged four of its five major maritime law enforcement agencies – the China Marine Surveillance (CMS), Maritime Police, Fishery Law Enforcement (FLE), and Anti-Smuggling Police – into a unified coast guard
" + "text": "People's Liberation Army (PLA): Ground Forces, Navy (PLAN, includes marines and naval aviation), Air Force (PLAAF, includes airborne forces), Rocket Force (strategic missile force), and Strategic Support Force (information warfare, cyber, space forces); People's Armed Police (PAP, includes Coast Guard, Border Defense Force, Internal Security Forces); PLA Reserve Force (2021)

note(s): the PAP is a paramilitary police component of China’s armed forces that is under the command of the Central Military Commission (CMC) and charged with internal security, law enforcement, counterterrorism, and maritime rights protection

in 2018, the Coast Guard was moved from the State Oceanic Administration to the PAP; in 2013, China merged four of its five major maritime law enforcement agencies – the China Marine Surveillance (CMS), Maritime Police, Fishery Law Enforcement (FLE), and Anti-Smuggling Police – into a unified coast guard", + "note": "note(s): the PAP is a paramilitary police component of China’s armed forces that is under the command of the Central Military Commission (CMC) and charged with internal security, law enforcement, counterterrorism, and maritime rights protection

in 2018, the Coast Guard was moved from the State Oceanic Administration to the PAP; in 2013, China merged four of its five major maritime law enforcement agencies – the China Marine Surveillance (CMS), Maritime Police, Fishery Law Enforcement (FLE), and Anti-Smuggling Police – into a unified coast guard" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2020": { @@ -1209,7 +1209,7 @@ "text": "303,095 (Vietnam), undetermined (North Korea) (2019)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "undetermined (2014)" + "text": "undetermined (2021)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json index 4848209c..13c4de0d 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json @@ -1187,7 +1187,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Indonesian National Armed Forces have an estimated 395,000 active duty troops (300,000 Army; 65,000 Navy, including about 20,000 marines; 30,000 Air Force) (2021)" + "text": "the Indonesian National Armed Forces have approximately, 400,000 active duty troops (300,000 Army; 65,000 Navy, including about 20,000 marines; 30,000 Air Force) (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Indonesian military inventory is comprised of equipment from a wide variety of sources; since 2010, the top suppliers are China, Germany, the Netherlands, Russia, South Korea, the UK, and the US; Indonesia has a growing defense industry fueled by technology transfers and cooperation agreements with several countries; in 2019, the Indonesian Government publicly said that growing its domestic defense industry is a national priority over the next 5-10 years (2020)" @@ -1220,10 +1220,10 @@ "text": "5,866 (Afghanistan) (2019)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "40,000 (inter-communal, inter-faith, and separatist violence between 1998 and 2004 in Aceh and Papua; religious attacks and land conflicts in 2007 and 2013; most IDPs in Aceh, Maluku, East Nusa Tengarra) (2019)" + "text": "40,000 (inter-communal, inter-faith, and separatist violence between 1998 and 2004 in Aceh and Papua; religious attacks and land conflicts in 2007 and 2013; most IDPs in Aceh, Maluku, East Nusa Tengarra) (2020)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "582 (2019)" + "text": "874 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json index 3f86aa7e..3dae8441 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json @@ -1147,7 +1147,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "687 (2019)" + "text": "707 (2020)" } } } diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json index 15a329b3..b718f5bd 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json @@ -998,7 +998,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "IDPs": { - "text": "undetermined (periodic flooding and famine during mid-1990s) (2019)" + "text": "undetermined (2021)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json index f2d5a2d9..333703d1 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json @@ -1132,7 +1132,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Republic of Korea Armed Forces have approximately 600,000 active duty personnel (420,000 Army; 70,000 Navy/Marines; 65,000 Air Force) (2020)" + "text": "the Republic of Korea Armed Forces have approximately 555,000 active duty personnel (420,000 Army; 70,000 Navy/Marines; 65,000 Air Force) (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Republic of Korea Armed Forces are equipped with a mix of domestically-produced and imported weapons systems; domestic production includes armored fighting vehicles, artillery, aircraft, and naval ships; the top foreign weapons supplier is the US and some domestically-produced systems are built under US license; Germany is the second largest supplier of armaments since 2010 (2020)" @@ -1151,7 +1151,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "197 (2019)" + "text": "203 (2020)" } } } diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/mc.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/mc.json index accec06f..55e8a808 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/mc.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/mc.json @@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ } }, "Religions": { - "text": "folk religionist 58.9%, Buddhist 17.3%, Christian 7.2%, other 1.2%, none 15.4% (2010 est.)" + "text": "folk religion 58.9%, Buddhist 17.3%, Christian 7.2%, other 1.2%, none 15.4% (2010 est.)" }, "Age structure": { "0-14 years": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json index 2194a26c..d6835bd0 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json @@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ } }, "Ethnic groups": { - "text": "Khalkh 84.5%, Kazak 3.9%, Dorvod 2.4%, Bayad 1.7%, Buryat-Bouriates 1.3%, Zakhchin 1%, other 5.2% (2015 est.)" + "text": "Khalkh 83.8%, Kazak 3.8%, Durvud 2.6%, Bayad 2%, Buriad 1.4%, Zakhchin 1.2%, Dariganga 1.1%, other 4.1% (2020 est.)" }, "Languages": { "text": "Mongolian 90% (official) (Khalkha dialect is predominant), Turkic, Russian (1999)" diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json index 48fea70b..662e807d 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json @@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ } }, "Ethnic groups": { - "text": "Bumiputera 62% (Malays and indigenous peoples, including Orang Asli, Dayak, Anak Negeri), Chinese 20.6%, Indian 6.2%, other 0.9%, non-citizens 10.3% (2017 est.)" + "text": "Bumiputera 62.5% (Malays and indigenous peoples, including Orang Asli, Dayak, Anak Negeri), Chinese 20.6%, Indian 6.2%, other 0.9%, non-citizens 9.8% (2019 est.)" }, "Languages": { "Languages": { @@ -1196,7 +1196,7 @@ }, "Terrorism": { "Terrorist group(s)": { - "text": "Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS); Jemaah Islamiyah

note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T", + "text": "Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS); Jemaah Islamiyah (JI); Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG)

note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T", "note": "note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T" } }, @@ -1209,7 +1209,7 @@ "text": "119,230 (Burma) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "108,332 (2019); note - Malaysia's stateless population consists of Rohingya refugees from Burma, ethnic Indians, and the children of Filipino and Indonesian illegal migrants; Burma stripped the Rohingya of their nationality in 1982; Filipino and Indonesian children who have not been registered for birth certificates by their parents or who received birth certificates stamped \"foreigner\" are not eligible to attend government schools; these children are vulnerable to statelessness should they not be able to apply to their parents' country of origin for passports" + "text": "111,298 (2020); note - Malaysia's stateless population consists of Rohingya refugees from Burma, ethnic Indians, and the children of Filipino and Indonesian illegal migrants; Burma stripped the Rohingya of their nationality in 1982; Filipino and Indonesian children who have not been registered for birth certificates by their parents or who received birth certificates stamped \"foreigner\" are not eligible to attend government schools; these children are vulnerable to statelessness should they not be able to apply to their parents' country of origin for passports" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json index 802c71c2..e8fdeeea 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json @@ -1136,7 +1136,10 @@ "text": "9,368 (Indonesia) (2019)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "14,000 (natural disasters, tribal conflict, inter-communal violence, development projects) (2019)" + "text": "14,000 (natural disasters, tribal conflict, inter-communal violence, development projects) (2020)" + }, + "stateless persons": { + "text": "9 (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json index 4e5fbf45..fa0e0c91 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json @@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ } }, "Religions": { - "text": "Roman Catholic 80.6%, Protestant 8.2% (includes Philippine Council of Evangelical Churches 2.7%, National Council of Churches in the Philippines 1.2%, other Protestant 4.3%), other Christian 3.4%, Muslim 5.6%, tribal religions .2%, other 1.9%, none .1% (2010 est.)" + "text": "Roman Catholic 80.6%, Protestant 8.2% (includes Philippine Council of Evangelical Churches 2.7%, National Council of Churches in the Philippines 1.2%, other Protestant 4.3%), other Christian 3.4%, Muslim 5.6%, tribal religion 0.2%, other 1.9%, none 0.1% (2010 est.)" }, "Demographic profile": { "text": "

The Philippines is an ethnically diverse country that is in the early stages of demographic transition.  Its fertility rate has dropped steadily since the 1950s.  The decline was more rapid after the introduction of a national population program in the 1970s in large part due to the increased use of modern contraceptive methods, but fertility has decreased more slowly in recent years.  The country’s total fertility rate (TFR) – the average number of births per woman – dropped below 5 in the 1980s, below 4 in the 1990s, and below 3 in the 2010s.  TFR continues to be above replacement level at 2.9 and even higher among the poor, rural residents, and the less-educated.  Significant reasons for elevated TFR are the desire for more than two children, in part because children are a means of financial assistance and security for parents as they age, particularly among the poor.

The Philippines are the source of one of the world’s largest emigrant populations, much of which consists of legal temporary workers known as Overseas Foreign Workers or OFWs.  As of 2019, there were 2.2 million OFWs.  They work in a wide array of fields, most frequently in services (such as caregivers and domestic work), skilled trades, and construction but also in professional fields, including nursing and engineering.  OFWs most often migrate to Middle Eastern countries, but other popular destinations include Hong Kong, China, and Singapore, as well as employment on ships.  Filipino seafarers make up 35-40% of the world’s seafarers, as of 2014.   Women OFWs, who work primarily in domestic services and entertainment, have outnumbered men since 1992. 

Migration and remittances have been a feature of Philippine culture for decades.  The government has encouraged and facilitated emigration, regulating recruitment agencies and adopting legislation to protect the rights of migrant workers.  Filipinos began emigrating to the US and Hawaii early in the 20th century.  In 1934, US legislation limited Filipinos to 50 visas per year except during labor shortages, causing emigration to plummet.  It was not until the 1960s, when the US and other destination countries – Canada, Australia, and New Zealand – loosened their immigration policies, that Filipino emigration expanded and diversified.  The government implemented an overseas employment program in the 1970s, promoting Filipino labor to Gulf countries needing more workers for their oil industries.  Filipino emigration increased rapidly.  The government had intended for international migration to be temporary, but a lack of jobs and poor wages domestically, the ongoing demand for workers in the Gulf countries, and new labor markets in Asia continue to spur Philippine emigration.

" @@ -1211,10 +1211,10 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "IDPs": { - "text": "182,000 (government troops fighting the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, the Abu Sayyaf Group, and the New People's Army; clan feuds; armed attacks, political violence, and communal tensions in Mindanao) (2019)" + "text": "153,000 (government troops fighting the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, the Abu Sayyaf Group, and the New People's Army; clan feuds; armed attacks, political violence, and communal tensions in Mindanao) (2020)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "383 (2019); note - stateless persons are descendants of Indonesian migrants" + "text": "387 (2020); note - stateless persons are descendants of Indonesian migrants" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json index 8598c8f6..e369ba3a 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json @@ -107,19 +107,19 @@ } }, "Ethnic groups": { - "text": "Chinese 74.3%, Malay 13.4%, Indian 9%, other 3.2% (2018 est.)

note: data represent population by self-identification; the population is divided into four categories: Chinese, Malay (includes indigenous Malays and Indonesians), Indian (includes Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, or Sri Lankan), and other ethnic groups (includes Eurasians, Caucasians, Japanese, Filipino, Vietnamese)", + "text": "Chinese 74.3%, Malay 13.5%, Indian 9%, other 3.2% (2020 est.)

note: data represent population by self-identification; the population is divided into four categories: Chinese, Malay (includes indigenous Malays and Indonesians), Indian (includes Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, or Sri Lankan), and other ethnic groups (includes Eurasians, Caucasians, Japanese, Filipino, Vietnamese)", "note": "note: data represent population by self-identification; the population is divided into four categories: Chinese, Malay (includes indigenous Malays and Indonesians), Indian (includes Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, or Sri Lankan), and other ethnic groups (includes Eurasians, Caucasians, Japanese, Filipino, Vietnamese)" }, "Languages": { "Languages": { - "text": "English (official) 36.9%, Mandarin (official) 34.9%, other Chinese dialects (includes Hokkien, Cantonese, Teochew, Hakka) 12.2%, Malay (official) 10.7%, Tamil (official) 3.3%, other 2%; note - data represent language most frequently spoken at home (2015 est.)" + "text": "English (official) 48.3%, Mandarin (official) 29.9%, other Chinese dialects (includes Hokkien, Cantonese, Teochew, Hakka) 8.7%, Malay (official) 9.2%, Tamil (official) 2.5%, other 1.4%; note - data represent language most frequently spoken at home (2020 est.)" }, "printed major-language sample": { "text": "
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. (English)

世界概況  –  不可缺少的基本消息來源 (Mandarin)" } }, "Religions": { - "text": "Buddhist 33.2%, Christian 18.8%, Muslim 14%, Taoist 10%, Hindu 5%, other 0.6%, none 18.5% (2015 est.)" + "text": "Buddhist 31.1%, Christian 18.9%, Muslim 15.6%, Taoist 8.8%, Hindu 5%, other 0.6%, none 20% (2020 est.)" }, "Demographic profile": { "text": "

Singapore has one of the lowest total fertility rates (TFR) in the world – an average of 1.15 children born per woman – and a rapidly aging population.  Women’s expanded educations, widened aspirations, and a desire to establish careers has contributed to delayed marriage and smaller families. Most married couples have only one or two children in order to invest more in each child, including the high costs of education.  In addition, more and more Singaporeans, particularly women, are staying single.  Factors contributing to this trend are a focus on careers, long working hours, the high cost of living, and long waits for public housing.    With fertility at such a low rate and rising life expectancy, the proportion of the population aged 65 or over is growing and the youth population is shrinking.  Singapore is projected to experience one of the largest percentage point increases in the elderly share of the population at 21% between 2019 and 2050, according to the UN.  The working-age population (aged 15-64) will gradually decrease, leaving fewer workers to economically support the elderly population.

Migration has played a key role in Singapore’s development.  As Singapore’s economy expanded during the 19th century, more and more Chinese, Indian, and Malay labor immigrants arrived.  Most of Singapore’s pre-World War II population growth was a result of immigration.  During World War II, immigration came to a halt when the Japanese occupied the island but revived in the postwar years.  Policy was restrictive during the 1950s and 1960s, aiming to protect jobs for residents by reducing the intake of low-skilled foreign workers and focusing instead on attracting professionals from abroad with specialist skills.  Consequently, the nonresident share of Singapore’s population plummeted to less than 3%. 

As the country industrialized, however, it loosened restrictions on the immigration of manual workers.  From the 1980s through the 2000s, the foreign population continued to grow as a result of policies aimed at attracting foreign workers of all skill levels.  More recently, the government has instituted immigration policies that target highly skilled workers. Skilled workers are encouraged to stay and are given the opportunity to become permanent residents or citizens.  The country, however, imposes restrictions on unskilled and low-skilled workers to ensure they do not establish roots, including prohibiting them from bringing their families and requiring employers to pay a monthly foreign worker levy and security bond.  The country has also become increasingly attractive to international students. The growth of the foreign-born population has continued to be rapid; as of 2015, the foreign-born composed 46% of the total population.  At the same time, growing numbers of Singaporeans are emigrating for education and work experience in highly skilled sectors such finance, information technology, and medicine.  Increasingly, the moves abroad are permanent.

" @@ -1119,7 +1119,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "1,303 (2019)" + "text": "1,109 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json index 576e57f3..3b7ce666 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json @@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ } }, "Religions": { - "text": "Buddhist 94.6%, Muslim 4.3%, Christian 1%, other <.1%, none <.1% (2015 est.)" + "text": "Buddhist 94.6%, Muslim 4.3%, Christian 1%, other <0.1%, none <0.1% (2015 est.)" }, "Demographic profile": { "text": "

Thailand has experienced a substantial fertility decline since the 1960s largely due to the nationwide success of its voluntary family planning program.  In just one generation, the total fertility rate (TFR) shrank from 6.5 children per woman in 1960s to below the replacement level of 2.1 in the late 1980s.  Reduced fertility occurred among all segments of the Thai population, despite disparities between urban and rural areas in terms of income, education, and access to public services.  The country’s “reproductive revolution” gained momentum in the 1970s as a result of the government’s launch of an official population policy to reduce population growth, the introduction of new forms of birth control, and the assistance of foreign non-government organizations.  Contraceptive use rapidly increased as new ways were developed to deliver family planning services to Thailand’s then overwhelmingly rural population.  The contraceptive prevalence rate increased from just 14% in 1970 to 58% in 1981 and has remained about 80% since 2000. 

Thailand’s receptiveness to family planning reflects the predominant faith, Theravada Buddhism, which emphasizes individualism, personal responsibility, and independent decision-making.  Thai women have more independence and a higher status than women in many other developing countries and are not usually pressured by their husbands or other family members about family planning decisions.  Thailand’s relatively egalitarian society also does not have the son preference found in a number of other Asian countries; most Thai ideally want one child of each sex.

Because of its low fertility rate, increasing life expectancy, and growing elderly population, Thailand has become an aging society that will face growing labor shortages.  The proportion of the population under 15 years of age has shrunk dramatically, the proportion of working-age individuals has peaked and is starting to decrease, and the proportion of elderly is growing rapidly.  In the short-term, Thailand will have to improve educational quality to increase the productivity of its workforce and to compete globally in skills-based industries.  An increasing reliance on migrant workers will be necessary to mitigate labor shortfalls.

Thailand is a destination, transit, and source country for migrants. It has 3-4 million migrant workers as of 2017, mainly providing low-skilled labor in the construction, agriculture, manufacturing, services, and fishing and seafood processing sectors.  Migrant workers from other Southeast Asian countries with lower wages – primarily Burma and, to a lesser extent, Laos and Cambodia – have been coming to Thailand for decades to work in labor-intensive industries.  Many are undocumented and are vulnerable to human trafficking for forced labor, especially in the fisheries industry, or sexual exploitation.  A July 2017 migrant worker law stiffening fines on undocumented workers and their employers, prompted tens of thousands of migrants to go home.  Fearing a labor shortage, the Thai Government has postponed implementation of the law until January 2018 and is rapidly registering workers.  Thailand has also hosted ethnic minority refugees from Burma for more than 30 years; as of 2016, approximately 105,000 mainly Karen refugees from Burma were living in nine camps along the Thailand-Burma border.

Thailand has a significant amount of internal migration, most often from rural areas to urban centers, where there are more job opportunities.  Low- and semi-skilled Thais also go abroad to work, mainly in Asia and a smaller number in the Middle East and Africa, primarily to more economically developed countries where they can earn higher wages.

" @@ -1015,7 +1015,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "high quality system, especially in urban areas like Bangkok; mobile and mobile broadband penetration are on the increase; Fiber-to-the-home (FttH) has seen strong growth in the major cities; 4G TD-LTE available and moving to 5G services; seven smart cities with the hope of 100 smart cities within its borders in the next two decades; one of the biggest e-commerce markets in Southeast Asia; fixed broadband remains relative compared to other developed Asian telecom markets and with the dominance of the mobile platform (2020)" + "text": "

high-quality system, especially in urban areas; mobile and mobile broadband penetration are on the increase; FttH has strong growth in cities; 4G-LTE available with adoption of 5G services; seven smart cities with aim for 100 smart cities by 2024; one of the biggest e-commerce markets in Southeast Asia; fixed-broadband and mobile marketplace on par with other developed Asian markets; development of Asian data center underway; Internet connectivity supported by international bandwidth to Singapore, Malaysia, and Hong Kong, and terrestrial cables with neighboring countries; two more submarine cables under construction with anticipated landings in 2022; government restricts Internet and freedom of press, with additional constraints in response to pandemic-related criticism in 2020; importer of broadcasting equipment and integrated circuits from China and export of same to neighboring countries in Asia (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line system provided by both a government-owned and commercial provider; wireless service expanding rapidly; fixed-line 4 per 100 and mobile-cellular 186 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1199,8 +1199,11 @@ "refugees (country of origin)": { "text": "91,806 (Burma) (2020)" }, + "IDPs": { + "text": "41,000" + }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "475,009 (2019) (estimate represents stateless persons registered with the Thai Government; actual number may be as high as 3.5 million); note - about half of Thailand's northern hill tribe people do not have citizenship and make up the bulk of Thailand's stateless population; most lack documentation showing they or one of their parents were born in Thailand; children born to Burmese refugees are not eligible for Burmese or Thai citizenship and are stateless; most Chao Lay, maritime nomadic peoples, who travel from island to island in the Andaman Sea west of Thailand are also stateless; stateless Rohingya refugees from Burma are considered illegal migrants by Thai authorities and are detained in inhumane conditions or expelled; stateless persons are denied access to voting, property, education, employment, healthcare, and driving" + "text": "480,695 (2020) (estimate represents stateless persons registered with the Thai Government; actual number may be as high as 3.5 million); note - about half of Thailand's northern hill tribe people do not have citizenship and make up the bulk of Thailand's stateless population; most lack documentation showing they or one of their parents were born in Thailand; children born to Burmese refugees are not eligible for Burmese or Thai citizenship and are stateless; most Chao Lay, maritime nomadic peoples, who travel from island to island in the Andaman Sea west of Thailand are also stateless; stateless Rohingya refugees from Burma are considered illegal migrants by Thai authorities and are detained in inhumane conditions or expelled; stateless persons are denied access to voting, property, education, employment, healthcare, and driving" }, "note": "note: Thai nationality was granted to more than 23,000 stateless persons between 2012 and 2016; in 2016, the Government of Thailand approved changes to its citizenship laws that could make 80,000 stateless persons eligible for citizenship, as part of its effort to achieve zero statelessness by 2024 (2018)" }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json index ea161973..6dce58cf 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json @@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ "text": "Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian) (includes Tetun, Mambai, Tokodede, Galoli, Kemak, Baikeno), Melanesian-Papuan (includes Bunak, Fataluku, Bakasai), small Chinese minority" }, "Languages": { - "text": "Tetun Prasa 30.6%, Mambai 16.6%, Makasai 10.5%, Tetun Terik 6.1%, Baikenu 5.9%, Kemak 5.8%, Bunak 5.5%, Tokodede 4%, Fataluku 3.5%, Waima'a 1.8%, Galoli 1.4%, Naueti 1.4%, Idate 1.2%, Midiki 1.2%, other 4.5%

note: data represent population by mother tongue; Tetun and Portuguese are official languages; Indonesian and English are working languages; there are about 32 indigenous languages", + "text": "Tetun Prasa 30.6%, Mambai 16.6%, Makasai 10.5%, Tetun Terik 6.1%, Baikenu 5.9%, Kemak 5.8%, Bunak 5.5%, Tokodede 4%, Fataluku 3.5%, Waima'a 1.8%, Galoli 1.4%, Naueti 1.4%, Idate 1.2%, Midiki 1.2%, other 4.5% (2015 est.)

note: data represent population by mother tongue; Tetun and Portuguese are official languages; Indonesian and English are working languages; there are about 32 indigenous languages", "note": "note: data represent population by mother tongue; Tetun and Portuguese are official languages; Indonesian and English are working languages; there are about 32 indigenous languages" }, "Religions": { @@ -968,7 +968,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "service in urban and some rural areas, which is expanding with the entrance of new competitors; 4G LTE service, with about 97% of population having access, among 3 mobile operators; increase in mobile broadband penetration; govt. aims to boost e-govt. services with new national terrestrial optical fiber network; the launch in 2019 of the Kacific-1 satellite is important to the telecom sector for the entire region (2020)" + "text": "

following years of civil unrest, the government and operators are working toward regeneration of the economy and telecom infrastructure; service in urban and some rural areas expanding with competition; most of the population has access to 4G LTE service; increase in mobile-broadband penetration; government aims to boost e-government services with new national terrestrial fiber-optic network; launch of satellite and approval for submarine cable link to Australia will boost sector growth; importer of broadcasting equipment from Indonesia and China (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "system suffered significant damage during the violence associated with independence; limited fixed-line services, less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular services have been expanding and are now available in urban and most rural areas with teledensity of 110 per 100 (2019)" diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/tw.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/tw.json index cc750996..c4311900 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/tw.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/tw.json @@ -106,8 +106,8 @@ "note": "note: example - he or she is from Taiwan; they are from Taiwan" }, "Ethnic groups": { - "text": "Han Chinese (including Hoklo, who compose approximately 70% of Taiwan's population, Hakka, and other groups originating in mainland China) more than 95%, indigenous Malayo-Polynesian peoples 2.3%

note 1: there are 16 officially recognized indigenous groups: Amis, Atayal, Bunun, Hla'alua, Kanakaravu, Kavalan, Paiwan, Puyuma, Rukai, Saisiyat, Sakizaya, Seediq, Thao, Truku, Tsou, and Yami; Amis, Paiwan, and Atayal are the largest and account for roughly 70% of the indigenous population

note 2: although not definitive, the majority of current genetic, archeological, and linguistic data support the theory that Taiwan is the ultimate source for the spread of humans across the Pacific to Polynesia; the expansion (ca. 3000 B.C. to A.D. 1200) took place via the Philippines and eastern Indonesia and reached Fiji and Tonga by about 900 B.C.; from there voyagers spread across all of the rest of the Pacific islands over the next two millennia", - "note": "note 1: there are 16 officially recognized indigenous groups: Amis, Atayal, Bunun, Hla'alua, Kanakaravu, Kavalan, Paiwan, Puyuma, Rukai, Saisiyat, Sakizaya, Seediq, Thao, Truku, Tsou, and Yami; Amis, Paiwan, and Atayal are the largest and account for roughly 70% of the indigenous population

note 2: although not definitive, the majority of current genetic, archeological, and linguistic data support the theory that Taiwan is the ultimate source for the spread of humans across the Pacific to Polynesia; the expansion (ca. 3000 B.C. to A.D. 1200) took place via the Philippines and eastern Indonesia and reached Fiji and Tonga by about 900 B.C.; from there voyagers spread across all of the rest of the Pacific islands over the next two millennia" + "text": "Han Chinese (including Holo, who compose approximately 70% of Taiwan's population, Hakka, and other groups originating in mainland China) more than 95%, indigenous Malayo-Polynesian peoples 2.3%

note 1: there are 16 officially recognized indigenous groups: Amis, Atayal, Bunun, Hla'alua, Kanakaravu, Kavalan, Paiwan, Puyuma, Rukai, Saisiyat, Sakizaya, Seediq, Thao, Truku, Tsou, and Yami; Amis, Paiwan, and Atayal are the largest and account for roughly 70% of the indigenous population

note 2: although not definitive, the majority of current genetic, archeological, and linguistic data support the theory that Taiwan is the ultimate source for the spread of humans across the Pacific to Polynesia; the expansion (ca. 3000 B.C. to A.D. 1200) took place via the Philippines and eastern Indonesia and reached Fiji and Tonga by about 900 B.C.; from there voyagers spread across the rest of the Pacific islands over the next two millennia", + "note": "note 1: there are 16 officially recognized indigenous groups: Amis, Atayal, Bunun, Hla'alua, Kanakaravu, Kavalan, Paiwan, Puyuma, Rukai, Saisiyat, Sakizaya, Seediq, Thao, Truku, Tsou, and Yami; Amis, Paiwan, and Atayal are the largest and account for roughly 70% of the indigenous population

note 2: although not definitive, the majority of current genetic, archeological, and linguistic data support the theory that Taiwan is the ultimate source for the spread of humans across the Pacific to Polynesia; the expansion (ca. 3000 B.C. to A.D. 1200) took place via the Philippines and eastern Indonesia and reached Fiji and Tonga by about 900 B.C.; from there voyagers spread across the rest of the Pacific islands over the next two millennia" }, "Languages": { "Languages": { @@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ } }, "Religions": { - "text": "Buddhist 35.3%, Taoist 33.2%, Christian 3.9%, folk (includes Confucian) approximately 10%, none or unspecified 18.2% (2005 est.)" + "text": "Buddhist 35.3%, Taoist 33.2%, Christian 3.9%, folk religion (includes Confucian) approximately 10%, none or unspecified 18.2% (2005 est.)" }, "Age structure": { "0-14 years": { @@ -819,7 +819,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "good telecommunications infrastructure and competitive mobile market; Taiwan has a stable regulatory system and an educated workforce building on availability of fixed and mobile broadband networks; investors attracted to this excellent telecom infrastructure; fixed-line will decline in the next 5 years; 6 mobile network operators; 4G LTE service; regulator begins multi-spectrum auction for 5G services; govt. to release NT $20.5 billion to encourage development of 5G services (2020)" + "text": "

dynamic telecommunications industry defined by excellent infrastructure and competitive mobile market; solid availability of fixed and mobile broadband networks; investors attracted to regulatory certainty, market maturity, an educated workforce, and ICT sector at the heart of economic development; 4G LTE service with fiber is the most popular platform; 5G to 80% of subscribers; government funds development of 5G and IoT market; concerns include China’s efforts to influence media and ICT policy (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 55 per 100 and mobile-cellular 123 per 100 (2019)" diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json index edc75203..4d6bd293 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json @@ -1005,7 +1005,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "despite being a communist country there are plans to part privatize the state’s holdings in telecom companies as well as a large number of other enterprises; competition is thriving in the market place; mobile dominates over fixed-line; FttH market growing, as is e-commerce; govt. is the driving force for growth and moving towards commercializing 5G services with test licenses issued in 2019; 5 major operators; Ho Chi Minh City to become the first smart city in Vietnam with cloud computing infrastructure, big data, data centers and security-monitoring centers (2020)" + "text": "

though communist, government plans to partially privatize the state’s holdings in telecom companies; competition is thriving in the telecom market place and driving e-commerce; mobile dominates over fixed-line; FttH market is growing; government is the driving force for growth with aims of commercializing 5G services with test licenses; Ho Chi Minh City to become the first smart city in Vietnam with cloud computing infrastructure, big data, data centers, and security-monitoring centers (2020)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "all provincial exchanges are digitalized and connected to Hanoi, Da Nang, and Ho Chi Minh City by fiber-optic cable or microwave radio relay networks; main lines have been increased, and the use of mobile telephones is growing rapidly; fixed-line 4 per 100 and mobile-cellular 141 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1183,7 +1183,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "30,581 (2019); note - Vietnam's stateless ethnic Chinese Cambodian population dates to the 1970s when thousands of Cambodians fled to Vietnam to escape the Khmer Rouge and were no longer recognized as Cambodian citizens; Vietnamese women who gave up their citizenship to marry foreign men have found themselves stateless after divorcing and returning home to Vietnam; the government addressed this problem in 2009, and Vietnamese women are beginning to reclaim their citizenship" + "text": "32,890 (2020); note - Vietnam's stateless ethnic Chinese Cambodian population dates to the 1970s when thousands of Cambodians fled to Vietnam to escape the Khmer Rouge and were no longer recognized as Cambodian citizens; Vietnamese women who gave up their citizenship to marry foreign men have found themselves stateless after divorcing and returning home to Vietnam; the government addressed this problem in 2009, and Vietnamese women are beginning to reclaim their citizenship" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/europe/al.json b/europe/al.json index d891fbef..4b67b842 100644 --- a/europe/al.json +++ b/europe/al.json @@ -1092,14 +1092,11 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "sized estimates for the Albanian military vary; approximately 8,000 total active duty personnel (6,000 Army; 1,500 Navy; 500 Air Force) (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 8,000 total active duty personnel (6,000 Army; 1,500 Navy; 500 Air Force) (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Albanian military was previously equipped with mostly Soviet-era weapons that were sold or destroyed; its inventory now includes a mix of mostly donated and second-hand European and US equipment; since 2010, it has received limited amounts of equipment from France, Germany, and the US (2020)" }, - "Military deployments": { - "text": "100 Afghanistan (NATO) (2021)" - }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "19 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; 18 is the legal minimum age in case of general/partial compulsory mobilization; conscription abolished 2010 (2019)" }, @@ -1119,7 +1116,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "3,687 (2019)" + "text": "1,031 (2020)" }, "note": "note: 11,827 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-January 2021)" }, diff --git a/europe/au.json b/europe/au.json index 2e097a56..8bd928ea 100644 --- a/europe/au.json +++ b/europe/au.json @@ -1140,7 +1140,7 @@ "text": "51,955 (Syria), 37,276 (Afghanistan), 8,664 (Russia), 8,568 (Iraq), 7,636 (Somalia), 6,393 (Iran) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "1,132 (2019)" + "text": "3,267 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/europe/be.json b/europe/be.json index ddb39b74..e6c9f3de 100644 --- a/europe/be.json +++ b/europe/be.json @@ -1159,7 +1159,7 @@ "text": "16,604 (Syria), 5,602 (Iraq), 5,070 (Afghanistan) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "10,933 (2019)" + "text": "1,264 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/europe/bk.json b/europe/bk.json index 381ae607..55665d60 100644 --- a/europe/bk.json +++ b/europe/bk.json @@ -1147,12 +1147,12 @@ "text": "5,116 (Croatia) (2019)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "99,000 (Bosnian Croats, Serbs, and Bosniaks displaced by inter-ethnic violence, human rights violations, and armed conflict during the 1992-95 war) (2019)" + "text": "99,000 (Bosnian Croats, Serbs, and Bosniaks displaced by inter-ethnic violence, human rights violations, and armed conflict during the 1992-95 war) (2020)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "75 (2019)" + "text": "66 (2020)" }, - "note": "note: 76,846 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2021)" + "note": "note: 78,828 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2021)" }, "Trafficking in persons": { "current situation": { diff --git a/europe/bo.json b/europe/bo.json index 3deae6fd..cd2abf5d 100644 --- a/europe/bo.json +++ b/europe/bo.json @@ -1126,7 +1126,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Belarus Armed Forces have approximately 45,000 active troops, including about 29,000 Army and 16,000 Air and Air Defense (2020)" + "text": "the Belarus Armed Forces have approximately 45,000 active duty troops; information on the individual services varies widely, but includes about 25,000 Army, 15,000 Air/Air Defense, and 5,000 Special Operations forces (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the inventory of the Belarus Armed Forces is comprised of Russian-origin equipment; Belarus's defense industry manufactures some equipment, including vehicles, guided weapons, and electronic warfare systems (2021)" @@ -1135,7 +1135,7 @@ "text": "contributes forces to CSTO's Rapid Reaction Force (2020)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { - "text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory military or alternative service; conscript service obligation is 12-18 months, depending on academic qualifications, and 24-36 months for alternative service, depending on academic qualifications; 17 year olds are eligible to become cadets at military higher education institutes, where they are classified as military personnel (2019)" + "text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory military or alternative service; conscript service obligation is 12-18 months, depending on academic qualifications, and 24-36 months for alternative service, depending on academic qualifications; 17 year olds are eligible to become cadets at military higher education institutes, where they are classified as military personnel (2020)" } }, "Transnational Issues": { @@ -1144,7 +1144,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "6,466 (2019)" + "text": "6,296 (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/europe/bu.json b/europe/bu.json index 3d808edd..bd041136 100644 --- a/europe/bu.json +++ b/europe/bu.json @@ -1171,9 +1171,9 @@ "text": "17,551 (Syria) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "116 (2019)" + "text": "1,141 (2020)" }, - "note": "note: 60,654 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2021); Bulgaria is predominantly a transit country" + "note": "note: 60,701 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2021); Bulgaria is predominantly a transit country" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "major European transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and, to a lesser degree, South American cocaine for the European market; limited producer of precursor chemicals; vulnerable to money laundering because of corruption, organized crime; some money laundering of drug-related proceeds through financial institutions" diff --git a/europe/cy.json b/europe/cy.json index f4bec8fe..b3a971b2 100644 --- a/europe/cy.json +++ b/europe/cy.json @@ -1157,9 +1157,12 @@ "text": "7,372 (Syria) (2019)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "228,000 (both Turkish and Greek Cypriots; many displaced since 1974) (2019)" + "text": "228,000 (both Turkish and Greek Cypriots; many displaced since 1974) (2020)" }, - "note": "note: 22,707 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2021)" + "stateless persons": { + "text": "56 (2020)" + }, + "note": "note: 23,470 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2021)" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "minor transit point for heroin and hashish via air routes and container traffic to Europe, especially from Lebanon and Turkey; some cocaine transits as well; despite a strengthening of anti-money-laundering legislation, remains vulnerable to money laundering; reporting of suspicious transactions in offshore sector remains weak" diff --git a/europe/da.json b/europe/da.json index c68ef13a..01162fd6 100644 --- a/europe/da.json +++ b/europe/da.json @@ -1133,7 +1133,7 @@ "text": "the Danish military inventory is comprised of a mix of modern European, US, and domestically-produced equipment; the US is the largest supplier of military equipment to Denmark since 2010, followed by Germany and the Netherlands; the Danish defense industry is active in the production of naval vessels, defense electronics, and subcomponents of larger weapons systems, such as the US F-35 fighter aircraft (2020)" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "130 Afghanistan (NATO); 140 Middle East/Iraq (NATO/Operation Inherent Resolve) (2021)" + "text": "140 Middle East/Iraq (NATO/Operation Inherent Resolve) (2021)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscripts serve an initial training period that varies from 4 to 12 months depending on specialization; former conscripts are assigned to mobilization units; women eligible to volunteer for military service; in addition to full time employment, the Danish Military offers reserve contracts in all three branches (2019)" @@ -1157,7 +1157,7 @@ "text": "20,046 (Syria), 5,320 (Eritrea) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "8,672 (2019)" + "text": "11,655 (2020)" } } } diff --git a/europe/ee.json b/europe/ee.json index 51663a1e..0ecba08a 100644 --- a/europe/ee.json +++ b/europe/ee.json @@ -812,8 +812,7 @@ } }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "180 Central African Republic (EUTM); 600 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUTM); 700 Mali (EUTM); 200 Somalia (EUTM) (2020)

since 2003, the EU has launched more than 30 civilian and military crisis-management operations in Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East, as well as counter-piracy operations off the coast of Somalia and a naval operation in the Mediterranean to disrupt human smuggling and trafficking networks and prevent the loss of life at sea", - "note": "since 2003, the EU has launched more than 30 civilian and military crisis-management operations in Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East, as well as counter-piracy operations off the coast of Somalia and a naval operation in the Mediterranean to disrupt human smuggling and trafficking networks and prevent the loss of life at sea" + "text": "since 2003, the EU has launched more than 30 civilian and military crisis-management, advisory, and training missions in Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East, as well as counter-piracy operations off the coast of Somalia and a naval operation in the Mediterranean to disrupt human smuggling and trafficking networks and prevent the loss of life at sea" }, "Military - note": { "text": "Eurocorps, formally established in 1992 and activated the following year, began in 1987 as a French-German Brigade; Belgium (1993), Spain (1994), and Luxembourg (1996) joined over the next few years; five additional countries participate in Eurocorps as associated nations: Greece, Poland, and Turkey (since 2002), Italy and Romania (joined in 2009 and 2016 respectively); Eurocorps is headquartered in Strasbourg, France (2021)" diff --git a/europe/ei.json b/europe/ei.json index 423fe9ad..5f3ec993 100644 --- a/europe/ei.json +++ b/europe/ei.json @@ -1147,7 +1147,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "99 (2019)" + "text": "106 (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/europe/en.json b/europe/en.json index d52d80f2..3540223f 100644 --- a/europe/en.json +++ b/europe/en.json @@ -1165,7 +1165,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "75,599 (2019); note - following independence in 1991, automatic citizenship was restricted to those who were Estonian citizens prior to the 1940 Soviet occupation and their descendants; thousands of ethnic Russians remained stateless when forced to choose between passing Estonian language and citizenship tests or applying for Russian citizenship; one reason for demurring on Estonian citizenship was to retain the right of visa-free travel to Russia; stateless residents can vote in local elections but not general elections; stateless parents who have been lawful residents of Estonia for at least five years can apply for citizenship for their children before they turn 15 years old" + "text": "73,214 (2020); note - following independence in 1991, automatic citizenship was restricted to those who were Estonian citizens prior to the 1940 Soviet occupation and their descendants; thousands of ethnic Russians remained stateless when forced to choose between passing Estonian language and citizenship tests or applying for Russian citizenship; one reason for demurring on Estonian citizenship was to retain the right of visa-free travel to Russia; stateless residents can vote in local elections but not general elections; stateless parents who have been lawful residents of Estonia for at least five years can apply for citizenship for their children before they turn 15 years old" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/europe/ez.json b/europe/ez.json index 1cc052dc..4471708b 100644 --- a/europe/ez.json +++ b/europe/ez.json @@ -1137,7 +1137,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "1,394 (2019)" + "text": "1,492 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/europe/fi.json b/europe/fi.json index ab2c4170..a22789c9 100644 --- a/europe/fi.json +++ b/europe/fi.json @@ -1133,7 +1133,7 @@ "text": "the inventory of the Finnish Defense Forces consists of a wide mix of mostly modern Western and domestically-produced weapons systems, as well as a limited quantity of Soviet-era equipment; since 2010, the US and several European countries, including France and Italy, are the leading foreign suppliers of armaments to Finland; the Finnish defense industry produces a variety of military equipment, including wheeled armored vehicles and naval vessels (2020)" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "200 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (March 2021)" + "text": "200 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2021)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "at age 18, all Finnish men are obligated to serve 6-12 months of service within a branch of the military or the Border Guard, and women may volunteer for service; after completing their initial conscript obligation, individuals enter the reserves and remain eligible for mobilization until the age of 60 (2019)" @@ -1148,7 +1148,7 @@ "text": "8,862 (Iraq) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "2,801 (2019)" + "text": "3,428 (2020)" } } } diff --git a/europe/fr.json b/europe/fr.json index 8e7146f3..2be2adca 100644 --- a/europe/fr.json +++ b/europe/fr.json @@ -1185,7 +1185,7 @@ "text": "the French military's inventory consists almost entirely of domestically-produced weapons systems, including some jointly-produced with other European countries; there is a limited mix of armaments from other Western countries, particularly the US; since 2010, the US is the leading foreign supplier of military hardware to France; France has a defense industry capable of manufacturing the full spectrum of air, land, and naval military weapons systems (2020)" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "5,100 Burkina Faso/Chad/Mali/Niger (Operation Barkhane, Task Force Takuba; note - in June 2021, France announced that it would be drawing down forces assigned to Operation Barkhane); approximately 300 Central African Republic; 900 Cote D'Ivoire; 1,400 Djibouti; 300 Baltics (NATO); 2,000 French Guyana; 900 French Polynesia; 1,000 French West Indies; 350 Gabon; est. 500 Middle East (Iraq/Jordan/Syria); 950 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 1,400-1,500 New Caledonia; 1,700 Reunion Island; 350 Senegal; 650 United Arab Emirates (2020-2021)

note - France has been a contributing member of the EuroCorps since 1992", + "text": "5,100 Burkina Faso/Chad/Mali/Niger (Operation Barkhane, Task Force Takuba; note - in July 2021, France announced that it would withdraw about 2,000 personnel from this force by the beginning of 2022); approximately 300 Central African Republic; 900 Cote D'Ivoire; 1,400 Djibouti; 300 Baltics (NATO); 2,000 French Guyana; 900 French Polynesia; 1,000 French West Indies; 350 Gabon; est. 500 Middle East (Iraq/Jordan/Syria); 950 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 1,400-1,500 New Caledonia; 1,700 Reunion Island; 350 Senegal; 650 United Arab Emirates (2020-2021)

note - France has been a contributing member of the EuroCorps since 1992", "note": "note - France has been a contributing member of the EuroCorps since 1992" }, "Military service age and obligation": { @@ -1210,7 +1210,7 @@ "text": "24,293 (Afghanistan), 23,821 (Sri Lanka), 18,473 (Sudan), 18,244 (Syria), 17,512 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 16,412 (Russia), 14,141 (Serbia and Kosovo), 11,863 (Turkey), 11,038 (Guinea), 11,021 (Cambodia), 8,829 (Iraq), 7,735 (Vietnam), 6,918 (China), 6,464 (Laos), 6,372 (Eritrea), 6,156 (Bangladesh), 5,675 (Mauritania), 5,652 (Cote d'Ivoire), 5,169 (Mali) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "1,521 (2019)" + "text": "2,068 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/europe/gm.json b/europe/gm.json index d41b8044..3d4bf2a3 100644 --- a/europe/gm.json +++ b/europe/gm.json @@ -1157,7 +1157,7 @@ "text": "the German Federal Armed Forces inventory is mostly comprised of weapons systems produced domestically or jointly with other European countries and Western imports; since 2010, the US is the leading foreign supplier of armaments to Germany; Germany's defense industry is capable of manufacturing the full spectrum of air, land, and naval military weapons systems, and is one of the world's leading arms exporters (2020)" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "1,300 Afghanistan (NATO); approximately 500 Middle East (NATO/Counter-ISIS campaign); 130 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 500 Lithuania (NATO); 800 Mali (MINUSMA/EUTM); note - Germany is a contributing member of the EuroCorps (Jan 2021)" + "text": "approximately 500 Middle East (NATO/Counter-ISIS campaign); 130 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 500 Lithuania (NATO); 800 Mali (MINUSMA/EUTM); note - Germany is a contributing member of the EuroCorps (2021)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "17-23 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; conscription ended July 2011; service obligation 8-23 months or 12 years; women have been eligible for voluntary service in all military branches and positions since 2001 (2019)" @@ -1181,7 +1181,7 @@ "text": "572,818 (Syria), 141,650 (Iraq), 140,366 (Afghanistan), 58,569 (Eritrea), 43,244 (Iran), 28,470 (Turkey), 26,015 (Somalia), 8,722 (Russia), 8,639 (Serbia and Kosovo), 8,125 (Pakistan), 7,828 (Nigeria) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "14,947 (2019)" + "text": "26,675 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/europe/gr.json b/europe/gr.json index 27f04455..653ddd15 100644 --- a/europe/gr.json +++ b/europe/gr.json @@ -1176,9 +1176,9 @@ "text": "26,696 (Syria), 17,685 (Afghanistan), 9,614 (Iraq) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "4,734 (2019)" + "text": "5,557 (2020)" }, - "note": "note: 1,207,707 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2021); as of the end of December 2020, an estimated 119,700 migrants and refugees were stranded in Greece since 2015-16" + "note": "note: 1,208,746 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2021); as of the end of December 2020, an estimated 119,700 migrants and refugees were stranded in Greece since 2015-16" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "a gateway to Europe for traffickers smuggling cannabis and heroin from the Middle East and Southwest Asia to the West and precursor chemicals to the East; some South American cocaine transits or is consumed in Greece; money laundering related to drug trafficking and organized crime" diff --git a/europe/hr.json b/europe/hr.json index 4f346319..0558c8ba 100644 --- a/europe/hr.json +++ b/europe/hr.json @@ -499,10 +499,10 @@ "text": "20 counties (zupanije, zupanija - singular) and 1 city* (grad - singular) with special county status; Bjelovarsko-Bilogorska (Bjelovar-Bilogora), Brodsko-Posavska (Brod-Posavina), Dubrovacko-Neretvanska (Dubrovnik-Neretva), Istarska (Istria), Karlovacka (Karlovac), Koprivnicko-Krizevacka (Koprivnica-Krizevci), Krapinsko-Zagorska (Krapina-Zagorje), Licko-Senjska (Lika-Senj), Medimurska (Medimurje), Osjecko-Baranjska (Osijek-Baranja), Pozesko-Slavonska (Pozega-Slavonia), Primorsko-Goranska (Primorje-Gorski Kotar), Sibensko-Kninska (Sibenik-Knin), Sisacko-Moslavacka (Sisak-Moslavina), Splitsko-Dalmatinska (Split-Dalmatia), Varazdinska (Varazdin), Viroviticko-Podravska (Virovitica-Podravina), Vukovarsko-Srijemska (Vukovar-Syrmia), Zadarska (Zadar), Zagreb*, Zagrebacka (Zagreb county)" }, "Independence": { - "text": "25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia); notable earlier dates: ca. 925 (Kingdom of Croatia established); 1 December 1918 (Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (Yugoslavia) established)" + "text": "25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia); note - 25 June 1991 was the day the Croatian parliament voted for independence; following a three-month moratorium to allow the European Community to solve the Yugoslav crisis peacefully, parliament adopted a decision on 8 October 1991 to sever constitutional relations with Yugoslavia; notable earlier dates: ca. 925 (Kingdom of Croatia established); 1 December 1918 (Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (Yugoslavia) established)" }, "National holiday": { - "text": "Independence Day, 8 October (1991) and Statehood Day, 25 June (1991); note - 25 June 1991 was the day the Croatian parliament voted for independence; following a three-month moratorium to allow the European Community to solve the Yugoslav crisis peacefully, parliament adopted a decision on 8 October 1991 to sever constitutional relations with Yugoslavia" + "text": "Statehood Day (National Day), 30 May (1990); note - marks the day in 1990 that the first modern multi-party Croatian parliament convened" }, "Constitution": { "history": { @@ -1171,7 +1171,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "2,886 (2019)" + "text": "2,900 (2020)" }, "note": "note: 729,079 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2021); flows slowed considerably in 2017; Croatia is predominantly a transit country and hosts about 340 asylum seekers as of the end of June 2018" }, diff --git a/europe/hu.json b/europe/hu.json index 3d0b75a9..741f4450 100644 --- a/europe/hu.json +++ b/europe/hu.json @@ -1172,7 +1172,7 @@ "text": "5,950 applicants for forms of legal stay other than asylum (Ukraine) (2015)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "76 (2019)" + "text": "145 (2020)" }, "note": "note: 432,744 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-December 2018); Hungary is predominantly a transit country and hosts 137 migrants and asylum seekers as of the end of June 2018; 1,626 migrant arrivals in 2017" }, diff --git a/europe/ic.json b/europe/ic.json index 607596c0..6904a815 100644 --- a/europe/ic.json +++ b/europe/ic.json @@ -1084,7 +1084,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "48 (2019)" + "text": "65 (2020)" } } } diff --git a/europe/it.json b/europe/it.json index 1223e37d..b2fa76f7 100644 --- a/europe/it.json +++ b/europe/it.json @@ -1173,7 +1173,7 @@ "text": "the Italian Armed Forces' inventory includes a mix of domestically-produced, jointly-produced, and imported European and US weapons systems; the US is the leading supplier of weapons to Italy since 2010, followed by Germany; the Italian defense industry is capable of producing equipment across all the military domains with particular strengths in naval vessels and aircraft; it also participates in joint development and production of advanced weapons systems with other European countries and the US (2020)" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "860 Afghanistan (NATO); 120 Djibouti; 1,100 Middle East/Iraq/Kuwait (NATO, counter-ISIS campaign, European Assistance Mission Iraq); 630 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 200 Latvia (NATO); 1,200 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 400 Libya; 290 Niger; 150 Somalia (EUTM) (2021)" + "text": "120 Djibouti; 1,100 Middle East/Iraq/Kuwait (NATO, counter-ISIS campaign, European Assistance Mission Iraq); 630 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 200 Latvia (NATO); 1,200 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 400 Libya; 290 Niger; 150 Somalia (EUTM) (2021)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service; women may serve in any military branch; Italian citizenship required; 1-year service obligation; conscription abolished 2004 (2019)" @@ -1196,9 +1196,9 @@ "text": "25,241 (Nigeria), 20,063 (Pakistan), 17,849 (Afghanistan), 15,842 (Mali), 14,029 (Somalia), 12,968 (Gambia), 8,974 (Bangladesh), 7,659 (Cote d'Ivoire), 7,644 (Senegal), 7,118 (Eritrea), 6,995 (Iraq), 6,353 (Ukraine), 5,953 (Ghana) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "15,822 (2019)" + "text": "3,000 (2020)" }, - "note": "note: 543,002 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals by sea (January 2015-June 2021); hosts an estimated 96,862 migrants and asylum seekers as of the end of October 2019" + "note": "note: 546,029 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2021)" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "important gateway for and consumer of Latin American cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin entering the European market; money laundering by organized crime and from smuggling" diff --git a/europe/kv.json b/europe/kv.json index 4f6a4592..15319929 100644 --- a/europe/kv.json +++ b/europe/kv.json @@ -932,9 +932,9 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "IDPs": { - "text": "16,000 (primarily ethnic Serbs displaced during the 1998-1999 war fearing reprisals from the majority ethnic-Albanian population; a smaller number of ethnic Serbs, Roma, Ashkali, and Egyptians fled their homes in 2,004 as a result of violence) (2019)" + "text": "16,000 (primarily ethnic Serbs displaced during the 1998-1999 war fearing reprisals from the majority ethnic-Albanian population; a smaller number of ethnic Serbs, Roma, Ashkali, and Egyptians fled their homes in 2,004 as a result of violence) (2020)" }, - "note": "note: 6,385 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2021)" + "note": "note: 6,415 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2021)" } } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/europe/lg.json b/europe/lg.json index 925db64c..dfefbc7e 100644 --- a/europe/lg.json +++ b/europe/lg.json @@ -1166,7 +1166,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "216,851 (2019); note - individuals who were Latvian citizens prior to the 1940 Soviet occupation and their descendants were recognized as Latvian citizens when the country's independence was restored in 1991; citizens of the former Soviet Union residing in Latvia who have neither Latvian nor other citizenship are considered non-citizens (officially there is no statelessness in Latvia) and are entitled to non-citizen passports; children born after Latvian independence to stateless parents are entitled to Latvian citizenship upon their parents' request; non-citizens cannot vote or hold certain government jobs and are exempt from military service but can travel visa-free in the EU under the Schengen accord like Latvian citizens; non-citizens can obtain naturalization if they have been permanent residents of Latvia for at least five years, pass tests in Latvian language and history, and know the words of the Latvian national anthem" + "text": "209,167 (2020); note - individuals who were Latvian citizens prior to the 1940 Soviet occupation and their descendants were recognized as Latvian citizens when the country's independence was restored in 1991; citizens of the former Soviet Union residing in Latvia who have neither Latvian nor other citizenship are considered non-citizens (officially there is no statelessness in Latvia) and are entitled to non-citizen passports; children born after Latvian independence to stateless parents are entitled to Latvian citizenship upon their parents' request; non-citizens cannot vote or hold certain government jobs and are exempt from military service but can travel visa-free in the EU under the Schengen accord like Latvian citizens; non-citizens can obtain naturalization if they have been permanent residents of Latvia for at least five years, pass tests in Latvian language and history, and know the words of the Latvian national anthem" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/europe/lh.json b/europe/lh.json index e90d0226..9fddecfb 100644 --- a/europe/lh.json +++ b/europe/lh.json @@ -1171,7 +1171,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "2,904 (2019)" + "text": "2,720 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/europe/lo.json b/europe/lo.json index f61f31b8..fddafb6f 100644 --- a/europe/lo.json +++ b/europe/lo.json @@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Zuzana CAPUTOVA (since 15 June 2014)" + "text": "President Zuzana CAPUTOVA (since 15 June 2019)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Eduard HEGER (since 1 April 2021); Deputy Prime Ministers Stefan HOLY, Veronika REMISOVA, Richard SULIK (all since 21 March 2020)" @@ -960,7 +960,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "a modern telecommunications system; near monopoly of fixed-line market; competition in mobile and fixed broadband market; broadband growth in recent years; competition among DSL, cable and fiber platforms; FttP growth in cities; mid-2019 launched 1G cable broadband service in 3 cities and 200,000 premises; EU funds development and improvement of e-govt. and online services; regulator prepares groundwork for 5G services (2020)" + "text": "

a modern telecom system; one operator has near monopoly of fixed-line market; competition in mobile- and fixed-broadband market; broadband growth in recent years; competition among DSL, cable, and fiber platforms; FttP growth in cities; operator launched 1Gb/s cable broadband service in 3 cities and 200,000 premises in 2019; EU funding for development and improvement of e-government and online services; regulator prepared groundwork for 5G services in 2020 (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "four companies have a license to operate cellular networks and provide nationwide cellular services; a few other companies provide services but do not have their own networks; fixed-line 12 per 100 and mobile-cellular 136 per 100 teledensity (2019)" @@ -1118,7 +1118,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "1,523 (2019)" + "text": "1,532 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/europe/lu.json b/europe/lu.json index a4057fcc..675a3020 100644 --- a/europe/lu.json +++ b/europe/lu.json @@ -1100,7 +1100,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "83 (2019)" + "text": "194 (2020)" } } } diff --git a/europe/md.json b/europe/md.json index b21e3d01..9f1e83ae 100644 --- a/europe/md.json +++ b/europe/md.json @@ -1135,7 +1135,7 @@ "text": "6,779 applicants for forms of legal stay other than asylum (Ukraine) (2015)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "3,500 (2019)" + "text": "3,405 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/europe/mj.json b/europe/mj.json index 228ea2fa..7e83cb55 100644 --- a/europe/mj.json +++ b/europe/mj.json @@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ "text": "3 June 2006 (from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro); notable earlier dates: 13 March 1852 (Principality of Montenegro established); 13 July 1878 (Congress of Berlin recognizes Montenegrin independence); 28 August 1910 (Kingdom of Montenegro established)" }, "National holiday": { - "text": "National Day, 13 July (1878, the day the Berlin Congress recognized Montenegro as the 27th independent state in the world, and 1941, the day the Montenegrins staged an uprising against fascist occupiers and sided with the partisan communist movement)" + "text": "Statehood Day, 13 July (1878, the day the Berlin Congress recognized Montenegro as the 27th independent state in the world, and 1941, the day the Montenegrins staged an uprising against fascist occupiers and sided with the partisan communist movement)" }, "Constitution": { "history": { @@ -1147,9 +1147,9 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "142 (2019)" + "text": "472 (2020)" }, - "note": "note: 18,777 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2021)" + "note": "note: 19,006 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2021)" } } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/europe/mk.json b/europe/mk.json index a8dff838..312eb857 100644 --- a/europe/mk.json +++ b/europe/mk.json @@ -1107,9 +1107,9 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "567 (2019)" + "text": "558 (2020)" }, - "note": "note: 514,450 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2021)" + "note": "note: 515,234 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2021)" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "major transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and hashish; minor transit point for South American cocaine destined for Europe; although not a financial center and most criminal activity is thought to be domestic, money laundering is a problem due to a mostly cash-based economy and weak enforcement" diff --git a/europe/mt.json b/europe/mt.json index baf76edf..8823fa55 100644 --- a/europe/mt.json +++ b/europe/mt.json @@ -1108,7 +1108,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "11 (2018)" + "text": "11 (2020)" }, "note": "note: 7,531 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals by sea (January 2015-June 2021)" }, diff --git a/europe/nl.json b/europe/nl.json index 2630d792..3df6aa09 100644 --- a/europe/nl.json +++ b/europe/nl.json @@ -1140,7 +1140,7 @@ "text": "the inventory of the Netherlands Armed Forces consists of a mix of domestically-produced and modern European- and US-sourced equipment; since 2010, the US is the leading supplier of weapons systems to the Netherlands, followed by several European countries; the Netherlands has an advanced domestic defense industry that focuses on armored vehicles, naval ships, and air defense systems; it also participates with the US and other European countries on joint development and production of advanced weapons systems (2020)" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "160 Afghanistan (NATO); 270 Lithuania (NATO) (2021)" + "text": "270 Lithuania (NATO) (2021)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "17 years of age for an all-volunteer force; conscription abolished in 1996 (2019)" @@ -1164,7 +1164,7 @@ "text": "31,694 (Syria), 14,809 (Eritrea), 13,007 (Somalia), 8,423 (Iraq), 5,815 (Afghanistan) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "1,951 (2019)" + "text": "2,006 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/europe/no.json b/europe/no.json index 4fbeeb56..bc308dca 100644 --- a/europe/no.json +++ b/europe/no.json @@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ } }, "Religions": { - "text": "Church of Norway (Evangelical Lutheran - official) 70.6%, Muslim 3.2%, Roman Catholic 3%, other Christian 3.7%, other 2.5%, unspecified 17% (2016 est.)" + "text": "Church of Norway (Evangelical Lutheran - official) 68.1%, Muslim 3.4%, Roman Catholic 3.1%, other Christian 3.8%, other 9.6%, unspecified 15.4% (2020 est.)" }, "Age structure": { "0-14 years": { @@ -1142,7 +1142,7 @@ "text": "14,359 (Syria), 14,038 (Eritrea), 6,518 (Somalia), 5,108 (Afghanistan) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "2,272 (2019)" + "text": "4,206 (2020)" } } } diff --git a/europe/pl.json b/europe/pl.json index ff79901b..3c0e5e18 100644 --- a/europe/pl.json +++ b/europe/pl.json @@ -1201,7 +1201,7 @@ "text": "9,870 (Russia) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "1,328 (2019)" + "text": "1,390 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/europe/po.json b/europe/po.json index 710f0f44..0a29a25a 100644 --- a/europe/po.json +++ b/europe/po.json @@ -998,7 +998,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "

Portugal has a medium-sized telecom market with a strong mobile sector and a growing broadband customer base; mobile market dominated by one operator with room for competition; 3G infrastructure is universal, with investment directed towards provision of 90% LTE coverage in rural areas and 5G technologies; cable sector shifting to fiber, with access to 66% of population; developments in M-commerce; operator assessing installation of submarine cable between islands and mainland; importer of broadcasting equipment from EU (2021)

(2020)" + "text": "

Portugal has a medium-sized telecom market with a strong mobile sector and a growing broadband customer base; mobile market dominated by one operator with room for competition; 3G infrastructure is universal, with investment directed towards provision of 90% LTE coverage in rural areas and 5G technologies; cable sector shifting to fiber, with access to 66% of population; developments in m-commerce; operator assessing installation of submarine cable between islands and mainland; importer of broadcasting equipment from EU (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "integrated network of coaxial cables, open-wire, microwave radio relay, and domestic satellite earth stations; fixed-line 50 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular 116 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1165,7 +1165,7 @@ "text": "the Portuguese Armed Forces inventory includes mostly European and US-origin weapons systems along with a smaller mix of domestically-produced equipment; since 2010, Germany and the US are the leading suppliers of armaments to Portugal; Portugal's defense industry is primarily focused on shipbuilding (2020)" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "175 Afghanistan (NATO); 200 Central African Republic (MINUSCA/EUTM); up to 120 Baltic States (NATO) (Jan 2021)" + "text": "200 Central African Republic (MINUSCA/EUTM); up to 120 Baltic States (NATO) (2021)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "18-30 years of age for voluntary or contract military service; no compulsory military service (abolished 2004), but conscription possible if insufficient volunteers available; women serve in the armed forces, on naval ships since 1992, but are prohibited from serving in some combatant specialties; contract service lasts for an initial period from two to six years, and can be extended to a maximum of 20 years of service. Voluntary military service lasts 12 months; reserve obligation to age 35 (2019)" @@ -1185,7 +1185,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "14 (2019)" + "text": "45 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/europe/ri.json b/europe/ri.json index 79c74466..5da85aeb 100644 --- a/europe/ri.json +++ b/europe/ri.json @@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ "text": "5 June 2006 (from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro); notable earlier dates: 1217 (Serbian Kingdom established); 16 April 1346 (Serbian Empire established); 13 July 1878 (Congress of Berlin recognizes Serbian independence); 1 December 1918 (Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (Yugoslavia) established)" }, "National holiday": { - "text": "National Day (Statehood Day), 15 February (1835), the day the first constitution of the country was adopted" + "text": "Statehood Day, 15 February (1835), the day the first constitution of the country was adopted" }, "Constitution": { "history": { @@ -1161,12 +1161,12 @@ "text": "17,972 (Croatia), 8,198 (Bosnia and Herzegovina) (2019)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "199,584 (most are Kosovar Serbs, some are Roma, Ashkalis, and Egyptian (RAE); some RAE IDPs are unregistered) (2019)" + "text": "196,995 (most are Kosovar Serbs, some are Roma, Ashkalis, and Egyptian (RAE); some RAE IDPs are unregistered) (2021)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "1,951 (includes stateless persons in Kosovo) (2019)" + "text": "2,144 (includes stateless persons in Kosovo) (2020)" }, - "note": "note: 770,623 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2021); Serbia is predominantly a transit country and hosts an estimated 5,450 migrants and asylum seekers as of March 2021" + "note": "note: 772,742 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2021); Serbia is predominantly a transit country and hosts an estimated 6,165 migrants and refugees as of April 2021" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin moving to Western Europe on the Balkan route; economy vulnerable to money laundering" diff --git a/europe/ro.json b/europe/ro.json index a34fe0fb..bfe74209 100644 --- a/europe/ro.json +++ b/europe/ro.json @@ -1151,7 +1151,7 @@ "text": "the inventory of the Romanian Armed Forces is comprised mostly of Soviet-era and older domestically-produced weapons systems; there is also a smaller mix of Western-origin equipment; Italy, Portugal (second-hand fighter aircraft), and the US are the leading suppliers of armaments to Romania since 2010 (2020)" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "620 Afghanistan (NATO); up to 120 Poland (NATO) (2021)" + "text": "up to 120 Poland (NATO) (2021)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "conscription ended 2006; 18 years of age for male and female voluntary service; all military inductees (including women) contract for an initial 5-year term of service, with subsequent successive 3-year terms until age 36 (2019)" @@ -1166,9 +1166,9 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "192 (2019)" + "text": "275 (2020)" }, - "note": "note: 7,671 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2021)" + "note": "note: 7,828 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2021)" }, "Trafficking in persons": { "current situation": { diff --git a/europe/si.json b/europe/si.json index 2f8da5eb..a43496a3 100644 --- a/europe/si.json +++ b/europe/si.json @@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ "text": "Slovene 83.1%, Serb 2%, Croat 1.8%, Bosniak 1.1%, other or unspecified 12% (2002 est.)" }, "Languages": { - "text": "Slovene (official) 91.1%, Serbo-Croatian 4.5%, other or unspecified 4.4%, Italian (official, only in municipalities where Italian national communities reside), Hungarian (official, only in municipalities where Hungarian national communities reside) (2002 census)" + "text": "Slovene (official) 91.1%, Serbo-Croatian 4.5%, other or unspecified 4.4%, Italian (official, only in municipalities where Italian national communities reside), Hungarian (official, only in municipalities where Hungarian national communities reside) (2002 est.)" }, "Religions": { "text": "Catholic 57.8%, Muslim 2.4%, Orthodox 2.3%, other Christian 0.9%, unaffiliated 3.5%, other or unspecified 23%, none 10.1% (2002 est.)" @@ -972,7 +972,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "well-developed telecommunications infrastructure; four mobile network operators; increase in Internet community demanding e-govt., e-commerce and e-health; govt. funds to improve broadband to more municipalities; high mobile penetration rate and therefore retaining customers with bundled products; regulatory intervention has improved telecommunications; trials for use of 5G; FttP to 90% of population by 2020 (2020)" + "text": "well-developed telecom infrastructure with sound regulatory intervention; increase in Internet community utilizing e-government, e-commerce, and e-health; government funds to improve broadband to more municipalities; high mobile penetration rate retaining customers with bundled products; extensive reach of 5G; FttP to 90% of premises; importer of broadcasting equipment from neighboring Central Europe (2021) (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 34 per 100 and mobile-cellular 121 per 100 teledensity (2019)" @@ -1135,7 +1135,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "5 (2019)" + "text": "10 (2020)" }, "note": "note:  520,826 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2021)" }, diff --git a/europe/sp.json b/europe/sp.json index 3f3f5d49..9c4c6f33 100644 --- a/europe/sp.json +++ b/europe/sp.json @@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ } }, "Ethnic groups": { - "text": "Spanish 86.4%, Moroccan 1.8%, Romanian 1.3%, other 10.5% (2018 est.)

note: data represent population by country of birth", + "text": "Spanish 84.8%, Moroccan 1.7%, Romanian 1.2%, other 12.3% (2021 est.)

note: data represent population by country of birth", "note": "note: data represent population by country of birth" }, "Languages": { @@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ } }, "Religions": { - "text": "Roman Catholic 68.9%, atheist 11.3%, agnostic 7.6%, other 2.8%, non-believer 8.2%, unspecified 1.1% (2019 est.)" + "text": "Roman Catholic 58.2%, atheist 16.2%, agnostic 10.8%, other 2.7%, non-believer 10.5%, unspecified 1.7% (2021 est.)" }, "Age structure": { "0-14 years": { @@ -1009,7 +1009,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "well-developed, one of the largest telecom markets in Europe, average mobile penetration for Europe; LTE universal; launch of 5G services; regulator has championed competition; Chinese company Huawei contributes to the telecom sector; fiber broadband accounts for 62% of all fixed-line broadband connections (2020)" + "text": "

well-developed and one of the largest telecom markets in Europe, with average mobile penetration for Europe; regulator has championed competition; LTE is nearly universal with shifts of service to 5G; operator joined government smart cities project; fixed-line broadband is backed by investment in fiber infrastructure; fiber broadband accounts for most of all fixed-line broadband connections; Chinese company Huawei contributes investment to the telecom sector; increased connectivity through submarine cable connection to Brazil; importer of broadcasting equipment from Europe (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 42 per 100 and mobile-cellular 118 telephones per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1201,9 +1201,9 @@ "text": "14,133 (Syria) (2019); 76,456 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay) (2021)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "4,246 (2019)" + "text": "5,914 (2020)" }, - "note": "note: 220,458 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2021)" + "note": "note: 222,109 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2021)" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "despite rigorous law enforcement efforts, North African, Latin American, Galician, and other European traffickers take advantage of Spain's long coastline to land large shipments of cocaine and hashish for distribution to the European market; consumer for Latin American cocaine and North African hashish; destination and minor transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin; money-laundering site for Colombian narcotics trafficking organizations and organized crime" diff --git a/europe/sv.json b/europe/sv.json index dcc74d98..1c7d1a60 100644 --- a/europe/sv.json +++ b/europe/sv.json @@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ }, "People and Society": { "Population": { - "text": "2,926 (July 2019 est.)" + "text": "2,926 (January 2021 est.)" }, "Ethnic groups": { "text": "Norwegian 58%, foreign population 42% (consists primarily of Russians, Thais, Swedes, Filipinos, and Ukrainians) (2019 est.)

note: foreigners account for almost one third of the population of the Norwegian settlements, Longyearbyen and Ny-Alesund (where the majority of Svalbard's resident population lives), as of mid-2019", diff --git a/europe/sw.json b/europe/sw.json index e72f76a3..292ed9dc 100644 --- a/europe/sw.json +++ b/europe/sw.json @@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ } }, "Ethnic groups": { - "text": "

Swedish 80.9%, Syrian 1.8%, Finnish 1.4%, Iraqi 1.4%, other 14.5%

(2018 est.)

note: data represent the population by country of birth; the indigenous Sami people are estimated to number between 20,000 and 40,000", + "text": "

Swedish 80.3%, Syrian 1.9%, Iraqi 1.4%, Finnish 1.4%, other 15%

(2020 est.)

note: data represent the population by country of birth; the indigenous Sami people are estimated to number between 20,000 and 40,000", "note": "note: data represent the population by country of birth; the indigenous Sami people are estimated to number between 20,000 and 40,000" }, "Languages": { @@ -124,13 +124,13 @@ "text": "Swedish (official)" }, "printed major-language sample": { - "text": "The World Factbook, den oumbärliga källan till grundläggande information. (Swedish)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information." + "text": "
The World Factbook, den obestridliga källan för grundläggande information. (Swedish)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information." }, "note": "note: Finnish, Sami, Romani, Yiddish, and Meankieli are official minority languages" }, "Religions": { - "text": "Church of Sweden (Lutheran) 60.2%, other (includes Roman Catholic, Orthodox, Baptist, Muslim, Jewish, and Buddhist) 8.5%, none or unspecified 31.3% (2017 est.)

note: estimates reflect registered members of faith communities eligible for state funding (not all religions are state-funded and not all people who identify with a particular religion are registered members); an estimated 57.7% of Sweden's population were members of the Church of Sweden in 2018", - "note": "note: estimates reflect registered members of faith communities eligible for state funding (not all religions are state-funded and not all people who identify with a particular religion are registered members); an estimated 57.7% of Sweden's population were members of the Church of Sweden in 2018" + "text": "Church of Sweden (Lutheran) 57.6%, other (includes Roman Catholic, Orthodox, Baptist, Muslim, Jewish, and Buddhist) 8.9%, none or unspecified 33.5% (2019 est.)

note: estimates reflect registered members of faith communities eligible for state funding (not all religions are state-funded and not all people who identify with a particular religion are registered members) and the Church of Sweden", + "note": "note: estimates reflect registered members of faith communities eligible for state funding (not all religions are state-funded and not all people who identify with a particular religion are registered members) and the Church of Sweden" }, "Age structure": { "0-14 years": { @@ -966,7 +966,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "highly developed telecommunications infrastructure; ranked among leading countries for fixed-line, mobile-cellular, Internet, and broadband penetration; best developed LTE infrastructures in the region; first in the world to deliver 5G services (2020)" + "text": "

Sweden’s telecom market includes mature mobile and broadband sectors stimulated by investment of the main operators in new technologies; one of the best developed LTE infrastructures in the region; ranked among leading countries for fixed-line, mobile-cellular, Internet, and broadband penetration; best developed LTE infrastructure in the region; government promotes national broadband strategy to increase connectivity (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 19 per 100 and mobile-cellular 126 per 100; coaxial and multiconductor cables carry most of the voice traffic; parallel microwave radio relay systems carry some additional telephone channels (2019)" @@ -1145,7 +1145,7 @@ "text": "113,418 (Syria), 27,933 (Eritrea), 30,546 (Afghanistan), 17,593 (Somalia), 12,460 (Iraq), 7,408 (Iran) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "30,305 (2019); note - the majority of stateless people are from the Middle East and Somalia" + "text": "50,414 (2020); note - the majority of stateless people are from the Middle East and Somalia" } } } diff --git a/europe/sz.json b/europe/sz.json index c04f715d..45348117 100644 --- a/europe/sz.json +++ b/europe/sz.json @@ -108,19 +108,19 @@ } }, "Ethnic groups": { - "text": "Swiss 69.5%, German 4.2%, Italian 3.2%, Portuguese 2.6%, French 2%, Kosovo 1.1%, other 17.3%, unspecified .1% (2018 est.)

note: data represent permanent and non-permanent resident population by country of birth", + "text": "Swiss 69.3%, German 4.2%, Italian 3.2%, Portuguese 2.5%, French 2.1%, Kosovo 1.1%, Turkish 1%, other 16.6% (2019 est.)

note: data represent permanent and non-permanent resident population by country of birth", "note": "note: data represent permanent and non-permanent resident population by country of birth" }, "Languages": { "Languages": { - "text": "German (or Swiss German) (official) 62.6%, French (official) 22.9%, Italian (official) 8.2%, English 5.4%, Portuguese 3.7%, Albanian 3.2%, Serbo-Croatian 2.5%, Spanish 2.4%, Romansh (official) 0.5%, other 7.7%; note - German, French, Italian, and Romansh are all national and official languages; shares sum to more than 100% because some respondents gave more than one answer (2017 est.)" + "text": "German (or Swiss German) (official) 62.1%, French (official) 22.8%, Italian (official) 8%, English 5.7%, Portuguese 3.5%, Albanian 3.3%, Serbo-Croatian 2.3%, Spanish 2.3%, Romansh (official) 0.5%, other 7.9%; note - German, French, Italian, and Romansh are all national and official languages; shares sum to more than 100% because respondents could indicate more than one main language (2019 est.)" }, "printed major-language sample": { "text": "
Das World Factbook, die unverzichtbare Quelle für grundlegende Informationen. (German)

The World Factbook, une source indispensable d'informations de base. (French)

L'Almanacco dei fatti del mondo, l'indispensabile fonte per le informazioni di base. (Italian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information." } }, "Religions": { - "text": "Roman Catholic 35.9%, Protestant 23.8%, other Christian 5.9%, Muslim 5.4%, Jewish 0.3%, other 1.4%, none 26%, unspecified 1.4% (2017 est.)" + "text": "Roman Catholic 34.4%, Protestant 22.5%, other Christian 5.7%, Muslim 5.5%, other 1.6%, none 29.5%, unspecified 0.8% (2019 est.)" }, "Age structure": { "0-14 years": { @@ -967,7 +967,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "highly developed telecommunications infrastructure with extensive domestic and international services; one of the highest broadband penetration rates in Europe; although not a member of the EU, Switzerland follows the EU's telecom framework, and regulations; expansive cable broadband network with effective cross-platform competition; despite the countries expansion of 5G services, and switching off 2G infrastructure, the Environmental Agency has raised concern regarding the 2,000 5G mobile antennas and asked the govt. to halt 5G transmissions, the developers of the 5G infrastructure are allowed to continue with future checks to be studied of the health implications of the radio frequency radiation; regulator auction of 5G spectrum (2020)" + "text": "Switzerland emerged as a European leader for 1Gb/s fiber broadband, complemented by 5G to 97% of the population; competitive market buttressed by regulator assurances of 5G-compatible network infrastructure; although not a member of the EU, Switzerland follows the EU's telecom framework and regulations; Zurich is being developed as a smart city (2021) (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "ranked among leading countries for fixed-line teledensity and infrastructure; fixed-line 36 per 100 and mobile-cellular subscribership 127 per 100 persons; extensive cable and microwave radio relay networks (2019)" @@ -1143,7 +1143,7 @@ "text": "36,698 (Eritrea), 18,755 (Syria), 13,455 (Afghanistan), 5,819 (Sri Lanka) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "49 (2018)" + "text": "711 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/europe/uk.json b/europe/uk.json index 3c974e60..3bdfbb40 100644 --- a/europe/uk.json +++ b/europe/uk.json @@ -106,8 +106,8 @@ }, "People and Society": { "Population": { - "text": "66,052,076 United Kingdom (July 2021 est.)

constituent countries by percentage of total population:
England 84%
Scotland 8%
Wales 5%
Northern Ireland 3%", - "note": "constituent countries by percentage of total population:
England 84%
Scotland 8%
Wales 5%
Northern Ireland 3%" + "text": "67.081 million United Kingdom (June 2020 est.)

constituent countries by percentage of total population:
England 84.3%
Scotland 8.1%
Wales 4.7%
Northern Ireland 2.8%", + "note": "constituent countries by percentage of total population:
England 84.3%
Scotland 8.1%
Wales 4.7%
Northern Ireland 2.8%" }, "Nationality": { "noun": { @@ -981,7 +981,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "technologically advanced domestic and international system; one of the largest mobile and telecom markets in Europe for revenue and subscribers; will complete the switch to fiber by 2033; mobile penetration above the EU average; govt. to invest in fiber infrastructure and 5G technologies; operators expanded the reach of 5G services; FttP provided to over a million customers; super-fast broadband available to about 95% of customers (2020)" + "text": "

UK’s telecom market remains one of the largest in Europe, characterized by competition, affordable pricing, and its technologically advanced systems; mobile penetration above the EU average; government to invest in infrastructure and 5G technologies with ambition for a fully-fibered nation by 2033; operators expanded the reach of 5G services in 2020; super-fast broadband available to about 95% of customers; London is developing smart city technology, in collaboration with private, tech, and academic sectors; legislation banned Chinese company Huawei from UK 5G networks following advisement from the National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC); importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "equal mix of buried cables, microwave radio relay, and fiber-optic systems; fixed-line 48 per 100 and mobile-cellular 118 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1157,7 +1157,7 @@ "text": "the inventory of the British military is comprised of a mix of domestically-produced and imported Western weapons systems; the US is the leading supplier of armaments to the UK since 2010; the UK defense industry is capable of producing a wide variety of air, land, and sea weapons systems and is one of the world's top weapons suppliers (2020)" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "750 Afghanistan (NATO); approximately 1,000 Brunei; approximately 400 Canada (BATUS); approximately 2,200 Cyprus; 250 Cyprus (UNFICYP); 850 Estonia (NATO); approx. 1,200 Falkland Islands; est. 200 Germany (note - previously about 2,500, but the UK withdrew all but 200 troops by the end of 2020); 570 Gibraltar; approx. 1,400 Middle East (coalition against ISIS; NATO); up to 350 Kenya (BATUK); approx. 400 Mali (EUTM, MINUSMA, and Operation Barkhane); 150 Poland (NATO) (Feb 2021)" + "text": "approximately 1,000 Brunei; approximately 400 Canada (BATUS); approximately 2,200 Cyprus; 250 Cyprus (UNFICYP); 850 Estonia (NATO); approx. 1,200 Falkland Islands; est. 200 Germany (note - previously about 2,500, but the UK withdrew all but 200 troops by the end of 2020); 570 Gibraltar; approx. 1,400 Middle East (coalition against ISIS; NATO); up to 350 Kenya (BATUK); approx. 400 Mali (EUTM, MINUSMA, and Operation Barkhane); 150 Poland (NATO) (2021)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "slight variations by service, but generally 16-36 years of age for enlisted (with parental consent under 18) and 18-29 for officers; minimum length of service 4 years; women serve in military services including ground combat roles; conscription abolished in 1963 (2021)" @@ -1181,7 +1181,7 @@ "text": "19,744 (Iran), 13,755 (Eritrea), 10,575 (Sudan), 10,389 (Syria), 9,513 (Afghanistan), 8,164 (Pakistan), 5,522 (Sri Lanka) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "161 (2019)" + "text": "4,662 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/europe/up.json b/europe/up.json index d9849b26..889ea28c 100644 --- a/europe/up.json +++ b/europe/up.json @@ -995,7 +995,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "telecommunication development plan emphasizes improving domestic trunk lines, international connections, and the mobile-cellular system; Turkey and Russia have made investments to Ukraine's telecom market; competition available between 3 alternative operators moving from 3G services, but some areas still use 2G; LTE services available in some areas; FttP networks taking over DSL platforms; political tensions have not added to growth and telecom regulators must not count Crimea numbers (annexed by Russia in 2014); mobile broadband services present a growth opportunity (2020)" + "text": "

Ukraine’s telecom market continues to face challenges resulting from the annexation of Crimea by Russia and unrest in eastern regions; developing telecom market has attracted international investors from Russia, Turkey, and Azerbaijan; government plan emphasizes improvement of domestic trunk lines, international connections, and a national mobile-cellular system; operators moving from 3G services to 4G, but some areas still use 2G; LTE services available in cities; FttP networks taking over DSL platforms; government approved plan in 2020 for 5G migration and operator is developing IoT capabilities; improvement of licensing requirements for operators and positive reforms for users; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line teledensity is 10 per 100; the mobile-cellular telephone system's expansion has slowed, largely due to saturation of the market that is now 131 mobile phones per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1155,7 +1155,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "size estimates for the Armed Forces of Ukraine (Zbroyni Syly Ukrayiny, ZSU) vary; approximately 200,000 active troops (150,000 Army, including Airborne/Air Assault Forces; 12,000 Navy; 40,000 Air Force); est. 50,000 National Guard (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 200,000 active troops (150,000 Army, including Airborne/Air Assault Forces; 12,000 Navy; 40,000 Air Force); approximately 50,000 National Guard (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Ukrainian military is equipped mostly with older Russian and Soviet-era weapons systems; since 2010, it has imported limited quantities of weapons from several European countries, as well as Canada, the US, and the United Arab Emirates; Ukraine has a broad defense industry capable of building Soviet-era land systems and maintaining and upgrading Soviet-era combat aircraft, as well as missile and air defense systems (2020)" @@ -1180,7 +1180,7 @@ "text": "734,000 (Russian-sponsored separatist violence in Crimea and eastern Ukraine) (2020)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "35,642 (2019); note - citizens of the former USSR who were permanently resident in Ukraine were granted citizenship upon Ukraine's independence in 1991, but some missed this window of opportunity; people arriving after 1991, Crimean Tatars, ethnic Koreans, people with expired Soviet passports, and people with no documents have difficulty acquiring Ukrainian citizenship; following the fall of the Soviet Union in 1989, thousands of Crimean Tatars and their descendants deported from Ukraine under the STALIN regime returned to their homeland, some being stateless and others holding the citizenship of Uzbekistan or other former Soviet republics; a 1998 bilateral agreement between Ukraine and Uzbekistan simplified the process of renouncing Uzbek citizenship and obtaining Ukrainian citizenship" + "text": "35,875 (2020); note - citizens of the former USSR who were permanently resident in Ukraine were granted citizenship upon Ukraine's independence in 1991, but some missed this window of opportunity; people arriving after 1991, Crimean Tatars, ethnic Koreans, people with expired Soviet passports, and people with no documents have difficulty acquiring Ukrainian citizenship; following the fall of the Soviet Union in 1989, thousands of Crimean Tatars and their descendants deported from Ukraine under the STALIN regime returned to their homeland, some being stateless and others holding the citizenship of Uzbekistan or other former Soviet republics; a 1998 bilateral agreement between Ukraine and Uzbekistan simplified the process of renouncing Uzbek citizenship and obtaining Ukrainian citizenship" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/middle-east/ae.json b/middle-east/ae.json index 003fc214..2ede5089 100644 --- a/middle-east/ae.json +++ b/middle-east/ae.json @@ -963,7 +963,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "modern fiber-optic integrated services; digital network with rapidly growing use of mobile-cellular telephones; key centers are Abu Dhabi and Dubai; 5G capabilities launched in 2019; two operators are competitive, but majority owned by the government; HSPA (high speed packet access) + LTE networks cover most of the population; low cost smart phones readily available; mobile penetration levels among the world's highest; well-established fiber-broadband network provides future growth (2020)" + "text": "one of the world’s most connected countries with modern infrastructure and record Internet, broadband, and mobile use; low-cost smartphones drive mobile-broadband penetration; LTE networks cover most of the population with launch of 5G in partnership with Chinese company ZTE; submarine cables connect to South Africa, Middle East, Pakistan, and Europe; ISPs are fully or partially owned by state, allowing control over flow of information; during pandemic, there was a surge of Internet use from home, with temporary government relaxation of restrictions on streaming such as Zoom, Skype, and Microsoft Teams; government censorship and surveillance of online platforms; service prices are highest in the region, yet affordable for population’s affluent users; government launched free digital platforms for students; Dubai and Abu Dhabi are smart cities with government plan to digitize services across country; major importer of broadcasting equipment from China and exporter of broadcasting equipment to Iraq and Saudi Arabia (2021) (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "microwave radio relay, fiber-optic and coaxial cable; fixed-line 24 per 100 and mobile-cellular 201 per 100 (2019)" diff --git a/middle-east/aj.json b/middle-east/aj.json index 18e7e2dc..6ae84002 100644 --- a/middle-east/aj.json +++ b/middle-east/aj.json @@ -537,10 +537,10 @@ "text": "unicameral National Assembly or Milli Mejlis (125 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)" }, "elections": { - "text": "last held on 9 February 2020 (next to be held in 2025)" + "text": "last held early on 9 February 2020 (next to be held in 2025)" }, "election results": { - "text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - YAP 70, CSP 3, AVP 1, CUP 1, Democratic Enlightenment 1, PDR 1, Great Order 1, VP 1, Whole Azerbaijan Popular Front 1, independent 41, vacant 4" + "text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - YAP 70, CSP 3, AVP 1, CUP 1, Democratic Enlightenment 1, PDR 1, Great Order 1, VP 1, Whole Azerbaijan Popular Front 1, independent 41, vacant 4; composition - men 103, women 22, percent of women 17.6%" } }, "Judicial branch": { @@ -1109,7 +1109,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "estimates for the size of the Azerbaijan military vary; approximately 65,000 total active troops (55,000 Army; 2,000 Navy; 8,000 Air Force); approximately 15,000 Ministry of Internal Affairs troops (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 65,000 total active troops (55,000 Army; 2,000 Navy; 8,000 Air Force); approximately 15,000 Ministry of Internal Affairs troops (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the inventory of the Azerbaijan military is comprised mostly of Russian and Soviet-era weapons systems with a smaller mix of equipment from other countries; since 2010, Russia is the leading supplier of arms to Azerbaijan, followed by Israel and Turkey (2020)" @@ -1136,10 +1136,10 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "IDPs": { - "text": "351,000 (conflict with Armenia over Nagorno-Karabakh; IDPs are mainly ethnic Azerbaijanis but also include ethnic Kurds, Russians, and Turks predominantly from occupied territories around Nagorno-Karabakh; includes IDPs' descendants, returned IDPs, and people living in insecure areas and excludes people displaced by natural disasters; around half the IDPs live in the capital Baku) (2019)" + "text": "735,000 (conflict with Armenia over Nagorno-Karabakh; IDPs are mainly ethnic Azerbaijanis but also include ethnic Kurds, Russians, and Turks predominantly from occupied territories around Nagorno-Karabakh; includes IDPs' descendants, returned IDPs, and people living in insecure areas and excludes people displaced by natural disasters; around half the IDPs live in the capital Baku) (2020)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "3,585 (2019)" + "text": "3,585 (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/middle-east/am.json b/middle-east/am.json index 82580e8d..e00b67fd 100644 --- a/middle-east/am.json +++ b/middle-east/am.json @@ -530,13 +530,13 @@ }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { - "text": "unicameral National Assembly (Parliament) or Azgayin Zhoghov (minimum 101 seats, currently 105; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)" + "text": "unicameral National Assembly (Parliament) or Azgayin Zhoghov (minimum 101 seats, current - 132; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote; the quota for the proportion of women MPs on each party list must be at least one of three candidates; political parties must meet a 5% threshold and alliances a 7% threshold to win seats; members serve 5-year terms)" }, "elections": { - "text": "last held on 20 June 2021" + "text": "last held early on 20 June 2021 (next to be held in June 2026)" }, "election results": { - "text": "percent of vote by party - Civil Contract 53.9%, Armenia Alliance 21.0%, I Have Honour Alliance 5.2%; seats by party - Civil Contract 72 of 105 seats, Armenia Alliance 27, I Have Honour Alliance 6; turnout was 49.4%" + "text": "percent of vote by party - Civil Contract 53.9%, Armenia Alliance 21.0%, I Have Honour Alliance 5.2%; seats by party - Civil Contract 72 of 105 seats, Armenia Alliance 27, I Have Honour Alliance 6; composition - men 101, women 31, percent of women 23.5%" } }, "Judicial branch": { @@ -1108,7 +1108,7 @@ "text": "14,730 (Syria - ethnic Armenians) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "961 (2019)" + "text": "1,000 (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/middle-east/gg.json b/middle-east/gg.json index 8d8665b9..c59fe2a3 100644 --- a/middle-east/gg.json +++ b/middle-east/gg.json @@ -1121,14 +1121,11 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "estimates for the size of the Georgian Defense Forces vary; approximately 25,000 active troops, including National Guard forces (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 25,000 troops, including active National Guard forces (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Georgian Defense Forces are equipped mostly with older Russian and Soviet-era weapons; since 2010, it has received limited quantities of equipment from Bulgaria, France, and the US (2020)" }, - "Military deployments": { - "text": "860 Afghanistan (NATO) (2021)" - }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "conscription abolished in 2016, but reinstated in 2017; 18 to 27 years of age for compulsory and voluntary active duty military service; conscript service obligation is 12 months (2019)" }, @@ -1142,10 +1139,10 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "IDPs": { - "text": "301,000 (displaced in the 1990s as a result of armed conflict in the breakaway republics of Abkhazia and South Ossetia; displaced in 2008 by fighting between Georgia and Russia over South Ossetia) (2019)" + "text": "304,000 (displaced in the 1990s as a result of armed conflict in the breakaway republics of Abkhazia and South Ossetia; displaced in 2008 by fighting between Georgia and Russia over South Ossetia) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "559 (2019)" + "text": "531 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/middle-east/gz.json b/middle-east/gz.json index 2b309b8e..cb3fb8e8 100644 --- a/middle-east/gz.json +++ b/middle-east/gz.json @@ -713,8 +713,9 @@ "text": "1,460,315 (Palestinian refugees) (2020)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "243,000 (includes persons displaced within the Gaza Strip due to the intensification of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict since June 2014 and other Palestinian IDPs in the Gaza Strip and West Bank who fled as long ago as 1967, although confirmed cumulative data do not go back beyond 2006) (2019)" - } + "text": "131,000 (includes persons displaced within the Gaza Strip due to the intensification of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict since June 2014 and other Palestinian IDPs in the Gaza Strip and West Bank who fled as long ago as 1967, although confirmed cumulative data do not go back beyond 2006) (2020)" + }, + "note": "data represent Gaza Strip and West Bank" } } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/middle-east/ir.json b/middle-east/ir.json index e866c6eb..a6bdc946 100644 --- a/middle-east/ir.json +++ b/middle-east/ir.json @@ -556,7 +556,7 @@ "text": "Supreme Leader Ali Hoseini-KHAMENEI (since 4 June 1989)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Ebrahim RAISI (since 18 June 2021); First Vice President Eshagh JAHANGIRI (since 5 August 2013)" + "text": "President-elect Ebrahim RAISI (since 18 June 2021); First Vice President Eshagh JAHANGIRI (since 5 August 2013)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers selected by the president with legislative approval; the supreme leader has some control over appointments to several ministries" @@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ "text": "supreme leader appointed for life by Assembly of Experts; president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term and an additional nonconsecutive term); election last held on 18 June 2012 (next to be held in June 2025)" }, "election results": { - "text": "Ebrahim RAISI elected president; percent of vote - Ebrahim RAISI (CCA) 62%, Mohsen Rezaee MIRGHA'ED (RFII) 11.8%, Abbdolnaser HEMMATI (ECP) 8.4%, Amir Hossein Hossein Ghazizadegh HASHEMI (Islamic Law Party) 3.5%, other 14.3%" + "text": "Ebrahim RAISI elected president; percent of vote - Ebrahim RAISI (CCA) 72.4%, Mohsen Rezaee MIRGHA'ED (RFII) 13.8%, Abbdolnaser HEMMATI (ECP) 9.8%, Amir Hossein Hossein Ghazizadegh HASHEMI (Islamic Law Party) 4%" }, "note": "note: 3 oversight bodies are also considered part of the executive branch of government" }, @@ -1107,7 +1107,7 @@ }, "Ports and terminals": { "major seaport(s)": { - "text": "Bandar-e Asaluyeh, Bandar Abbas, Bandar Emam" + "text": "Bandar-e Asaluyeh, Bandar Abbas, Bandar-e Emam Khomeyni" }, "container port(s) (TEUs)": { "text": "Bandar Abbas (2,607,000) (2017)" @@ -1166,7 +1166,10 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "2.5-3.0 (1 million registered, 1.5-2.0 million undocumented) (Afghanistan) (2015); 28,268 (Iraq) (2019)" + "text": "2.1-2.25 million undocumented Afghans, 586,000 Afghan passport holders, 780,000 Afghan refugee card holders, 20,000 Iraqi refugee card holders (2020)" + }, + "stateless persons": { + "text": "34 (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/middle-east/is.json b/middle-east/is.json index e32622c5..f7d2082a 100644 --- a/middle-east/is.json +++ b/middle-east/is.json @@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Issac HERZOG (assumes office on 9 July 2021)" + "text": "President Issac HERZOG (since 7 July 2021)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Naftali BENNETT (since 13 June 2021)" @@ -1127,7 +1127,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) have approximately 173,000 active personnel (130,000 Ground Forces; 9,000 Naval; 34,000 Air Force) (2020)" + "text": "the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) have approximately 173,000 active personnel (130,000 Ground Forces; 9,000 Naval; 34,000 Air Force) (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the majority of the IDF's inventory is comprised of weapons that are domestically-produced or imported from Europe and the US; since 2010, the US is by far the leading supplier of arms to Israel, followed by Germany; Israel has a broad defense industrial base that can develop, produce, support, and sustain a wide variety of weapons systems for both domestic use and export, particularly armored vehicles, unmanned aerial systems, air defense, and guided missiles (2021)" @@ -1154,7 +1154,7 @@ "text": "12,181 (Eritrea), 5,061 (Ukraine) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "42 (2019)" + "text": "42 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/middle-east/iz.json b/middle-east/iz.json index f804587e..2fcaefa6 100644 --- a/middle-east/iz.json +++ b/middle-east/iz.json @@ -548,7 +548,7 @@ "text": "unicameral Council of Representatives or Majlis an-Nuwwab al-Iraqiyy (329 seats; 320 members directly elected in 83 multi-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 9 seats at the national level reserved for minorities - 5 for Christians, 1 each for Sabaean-Mandaeans, Yazidis, Shabaks, Fayli Kurds; 25% of seats allocated to women; members serve 4-year terms); note - in early November 2020, the president ratified a new electoral law - approved by the Council of Representatives in late October - that eliminates the proportional representation electoral system" }, "elections": { - "text": "last held on 12 May 2018 (next originally scheduled for May 2022, but rescheduled earlier to 6 June 2021)" + "text": "last held on 12 May 2018 (next to be held on 10 October 2021)" }, "election results": { "text": "percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - Sa'irun Alliance 54, Al Fatah Alliance 48, Al Nasr Alliance 42, KDP 25, State of Law Coalition 25, Wataniyah 21, National Wisdom Trend 19, PUK 18, Iraqi Decision Alliance 14, Anbar Our Identity 6, Goran Movement 5, New Generation 4, other 48; composition - men 245, women 84, percent of women 25.5%" @@ -1164,10 +1164,10 @@ "text": "15,167 (Turkey), 7,858 (West Bank and Gaza Strip), 5,041 (Iran) (2018); 247,305 (Syria) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "1,389,540 (displacement in central and northern Iraq since January 2014) (2020)" + "text": "1,198,940 (displacement in central and northern Iraq since January 2014) (2021)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "47,253 (2019); note - in the 1970s and 1980s under SADDAM Husayn's regime, thousands of Iraq's Faili Kurds, followers of Shia Islam, were stripped of their Iraqi citizenship, had their property seized by the government, and many were deported; some Faili Kurds had their citizenship reinstated under the 2,006 Iraqi Nationality Law, but others lack the documentation to prove their Iraqi origins; some Palestinian refugees persecuted by the SADDAM regime remain stateless" + "text": "47,253 (2020); note - in the 1970s and 1980s under SADDAM Husayn's regime, thousands of Iraq's Faili Kurds, followers of Shia Islam, were stripped of their Iraqi citizenship, had their property seized by the government, and many were deported; some Faili Kurds had their citizenship reinstated under the 2,006 Iraqi Nationality Law, but others lack the documentation to prove their Iraqi origins; some Palestinian refugees persecuted by the SADDAM regime remain stateless" }, "note": "note: estimate revised to reflect the reduction of statelessness in line with Law 26 of 2006, which allows stateless persons to apply for nationality in certain circumstances; more accurate studies of statelessness in Iraq are pending (2015)" } diff --git a/middle-east/jo.json b/middle-east/jo.json index c8a3d33d..f78d9932 100644 --- a/middle-east/jo.json +++ b/middle-east/jo.json @@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "King ABDALLAH II (since 7 February 1999); Crown Prince HUSSEIN (born 28 June 1994), eldest son of King ABDALLAH II " + "text": "King ABDALLAH II (since 7 February 1999); Heir Apparent Crown Prince HUSSEIN (eldest son of the monarch, born on 28 June 1994)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Bisher AL-KHASAWNEH (since 7 October 2020)" @@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ "text": "
Chamber of Deputies - last held on 10 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2024)" }, "election results": { - "text": "
Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA" + "text": "
Chamber of Deputies - note - tribal, centrist, and pro-government candidates dominated in the 130-seat election; the Islamic Action Front, the political wing of the Muslim Brotherhood, garnered only 10 seats, down from 15 in the previous election; women, who are guaranteed 15 seats by Jordan’s legislative quota system, only won the requisite number, down from the 20 seats won in the previous election

 

" } }, "Judicial branch": { @@ -1120,7 +1120,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Jordanian Armed Forces (JAF) have approximately 101,000 active personnel (87,000 Army; 500 Navy; 14,000 Air Force); est. 15,000 Gendarmerie Forces (2020)" + "text": "the Jordanian Armed Forces (JAF) have approximately 100,000 active personnel (86,000 Army; 500 Navy; 14,000 Air Force); est. 15,000 Gendarmerie Forces (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the JAF inventory is comprised of a wide mix of imported weapons, mostly second-hand equipment from Europe, the Gulf States, and the US; since 2010, the Netherlands and the US are the leading suppliers of military hardware to Jordan (2020)" @@ -1138,7 +1138,10 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "2,272,411 (Palestinian refugees) (2020); 666,692 (Syria), 66,760 (Iraq), 13,902 (Yemen), 6,024 Sudan (2021)" + "text": "2,272,411 (Palestinian refugees) (2020); 668,332 (Syria), 66,760 (Iraq), 13,902 (Yemen), 6,024 Sudan (2021)" + }, + "stateless persons": { + "text": "17 (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/middle-east/ku.json b/middle-east/ku.json index 5715ef46..055aae13 100644 --- a/middle-east/ku.json +++ b/middle-east/ku.json @@ -1077,7 +1077,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "92,020 (2019); note - Kuwait's 1959 Nationality Law defined citizens as persons who settled in the country before 1920 and who had maintained normal residence since then; one-third of the population, descendants of Bedouin tribes, missed the window of opportunity to register for nationality rights after Kuwait became independent in 1961 and were classified as bidun (meaning \"without\"); since the 1980s Kuwait's bidun have progressively lost their rights, including opportunities for employment and education, amid official claims that they are nationals of other countries who have destroyed their identification documents in hopes of gaining Kuwaiti citizenship; Kuwaiti authorities have delayed processing citizenship applications and labeled biduns as \"illegal residents,\" denying them access to civil documentation, such as birth and marriage certificates" + "text": "92,000 (2020); note - Kuwait's 1959 Nationality Law defined citizens as persons who settled in the country before 1920 and who had maintained normal residence since then; one-third of the population, descendants of Bedouin tribes, missed the window of opportunity to register for nationality rights after Kuwait became independent in 1961 and were classified as bidun (meaning \"without\"); since the 1980s Kuwait's bidun have progressively lost their rights, including opportunities for employment and education, amid official claims that they are nationals of other countries who have destroyed their identification documents in hopes of gaining Kuwaiti citizenship; Kuwaiti authorities have delayed processing citizenship applications and labeled biduns as \"illegal residents,\" denying them access to civil documentation, such as birth and marriage certificates" } } } diff --git a/middle-east/le.json b/middle-east/le.json index 02844f30..e52899ac 100644 --- a/middle-east/le.json +++ b/middle-east/le.json @@ -1100,7 +1100,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) have approximately 60,000 active troops (57,000 Army; 1,500 Navy; 1,500 AF) (2020)" + "text": "the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) have approximately 60,000 active troops (57,000 Army; 1,500 Navy; 1,500 AF) (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the LAF inventory includes a wide mix of mostly older equipment, largely from the US and European countries, particularly France and Germany; since 2010, the US is the leading supplier of armaments (mostly second hand equipment) to Lebanon (2019 est.)" @@ -1127,7 +1127,7 @@ "text": "476,033 (Palestinian refugees) (2020); 855,172 (Syria) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "11,000 (2007 Lebanese security forces' destruction of Palestinian refugee camp) (2019)" + "text": "7,000 (2020)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "undetermined (2016); note - tens of thousands of persons are stateless in Lebanon, including many Palestinian refugees and their descendants, Syrian Kurds denaturalized in Syria in 1962, children born to Lebanese women married to foreign or stateless men; most babies born to Syrian refugees, and Lebanese children whose births are unregistered" diff --git a/middle-east/qa.json b/middle-east/qa.json index f09f0db5..d7da628a 100644 --- a/middle-east/qa.json +++ b/middle-east/qa.json @@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ } }, "Religions": { - "text": "Muslim 67.7%, Christian 13.8%, Hindu 13.8%, Buddhist 3.1%, folk religion <.1%, Jewish <.1%, other 0.7%, unaffiliated 0.9% (2010 est.)" + "text": "Muslim 65.2%, Christian 13.7%, Hindu 15.9%, Buddhist 3.8%, folk religion <.1%, Jewish <.1%, other <1%, unaffiliated <1% (2020 est.)" }, "Age structure": { "0-14 years": { @@ -1039,7 +1039,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Qatari Amiri Land Force (QALF, includes Emiri Guard), Qatari Amiri Navy (QAN, includes Coast Guard), Qatari Amiri Air Force (QAAF); Internal Security Forces: Mobile Gendarmerie (2020)" + "text": "Qatari Amiri Land Force (QALF, includes Emiri Guard), Qatari Amiri Navy (QAN, includes Coast Guard), Qatari Amiri Air Force (QAAF); Internal Security Forces: Mobile Gendarmerie (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2017": { @@ -1059,7 +1059,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "size assessments for the Qatari Amiri military vary; approximately 14,000 active personnel (10,000 Land Force, including Emiri Guard; 2,000 Navy; 2,000 Air Force) (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 14,000 active personnel (10,000 Land Force, including Emiri Guard; 2,000 Navy; 2,000 Air Force) (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Qatari military's inventory includes a broad mix of older and modern weapons systems, mostly from the US and Europe; the leading providers of armaments to Qatar since 2010 include Brazil, France, Germany, Turkey, the UK, and US; Qatar is scheduled to receive several ships from Italy beginning in 2021 and a large shipment of fighter aircraft from the UK in 2022 (2020)" @@ -1076,7 +1076,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "1,200 (2019)" + "text": "1,200 (2020)" } } } diff --git a/middle-east/sa.json b/middle-east/sa.json index 3e314cf0..312c0d16 100644 --- a/middle-east/sa.json +++ b/middle-east/sa.json @@ -1129,7 +1129,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { - "text": "70,000 (2019); note - thousands of biduns (stateless Arabs) are descendants of nomadic tribes who were not officially registered when national borders were established, while others migrated to Saudi Arabia in search of jobs; some have temporary identification cards that must be renewed every five years, but their rights remain restricted; most Palestinians have only legal resident status; some naturalized Yemenis were made stateless after being stripped of their passports when Yemen backed Iraq in its invasion of Kuwait in 1990; Saudi women cannot pass their citizenship on to their children, so if they marry a non-national, their children risk statelessness" + "text": "70,000 (2020); note - thousands of biduns (stateless Arabs) are descendants of nomadic tribes who were not officially registered when national borders were established, while others migrated to Saudi Arabia in search of jobs; some have temporary identification cards that must be renewed every five years, but their rights remain restricted; most Palestinians have only legal resident status; some naturalized Yemenis were made stateless after being stripped of their passports when Yemen backed Iraq in its invasion of Kuwait in 1990; Saudi women cannot pass their citizenship on to their children, so if they marry a non-national, their children risk statelessness" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/middle-east/sy.json b/middle-east/sy.json index b2601200..7ed1f934 100644 --- a/middle-east/sy.json +++ b/middle-east/sy.json @@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ } }, "Religions": { - "text": "Muslim 87% (official; includes Sunni 74% and Alawi, Ismaili, and Shia 13%), Christian 10% (includes Orthodox, Uniate, and Nestorian), Druze 3%, Jewish (few remaining in Damascus and Aleppo)

note:  the Christian population may be considerably smaller as a result of Christians fleeing the country during the ongoing civil war", + "text": "Muslim 87% (official; includes Sunni 74% and Alawi, Ismaili, and Shia 13%), Christian 10% (includes Orthodox, Uniate, and Nestorian), Druze 3%

note:  the Christian population may be considerably smaller as a result of Christians fleeing the country during the ongoing civil war", "note": "note:  the Christian population may be considerably smaller as a result of Christians fleeing the country during the ongoing civil war" }, "Age structure": { @@ -949,7 +949,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "the armed insurgency that began in 2011 has led to major disruptions to the network and has caused telephone and Internet outages throughout the country; 2018 saw some stabilizing; telecoms have become decentralized; fairly high mobile penetration of 98%; potential for growth given that subscription numbers are low; remote areas rely on expensive satellite communications; mobile broadband infrastructure is predominantly 3G for about 85% of the population; LTE launched in 2017; Syria has two mobile telephone operators (2020)" + "text": "

Syria’s telecom sector has paid a heavy toll from years of civil war and destruction leading to major disruptions to the network; operators focusing on rebuilding damaged networks, though lack of basic infrastructure, including power and security, hamper efforts; fairly high mobile penetration for region; remote areas rely on expensive satellite communications; mobile broadband infrastructure is predominantly 3G for about 85% of the population with some LTE ; international aid network provides emergency Internet and telecom services when necessary;  government restrictions of Internet freedom; major importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "the number of fixed-line connections increased markedly prior to the civil war in 2011 and now stands at 17 per 100; mobile-cellular service stands at about 114 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1083,11 +1083,11 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Syrian Armed Forces: Syrian Arab Army, Syrian Naval Forces, Syrian Air Forces, Syrian Air Defense Forces, National Defense Forces (pro-government militia and auxiliary forces) (2020)

note: the Syrian government is working to demobilize militias or integrate them into its regular forces", + "text": "Syrian Armed Forces: Syrian Arab Army, Syrian Naval Forces, Syrian Air Forces, Syrian Air Defense Forces, National Defense Forces (pro-government militia and auxiliary forces) (2021)

note: the Syrian government is working to demobilize militias or integrate them into its regular forces", "note": "note: the Syrian government is working to demobilize militias or integrate them into its regular forces" }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "N/A; since the start of the civil war in 2011, the Syrian Armed Forces (SAF) have taken significant losses in personnel; prior to the civil war, the SAF had approximately 300,000 active troops, including 200-225,000 Army; by 2018, its estimated size was reportedly less than 100,000 due to casualties and desertions; currently, the SAF is trying to rebuild and integrate government-allied militias and auxiliary forces while continuing to engage in active military operations (2020)" + "text": "N/A; since the start of the civil war in 2011, the Syrian Armed Forces (SAF) have taken significant losses in personnel; prior to the civil war, the SAF had approximately 300,000 active troops, including 200-225,000 Army; by 2018, its estimated size was reportedly less than 100,000 due to casualties and desertions; currently, the SAF is trying to rebuild and integrate government-allied militias and auxiliary forces while continuing to engage in active military operations (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the SAF's inventory is comprised mostly of Russian and Soviet-era equipment; since 2010, Russia has supplied nearly all of Syria's imported weapons systems, although China and Iran have also provided military equipment (2020)" @@ -1114,12 +1114,12 @@ "text": "13,311 (Iraq) (2019); 562,312 (Palestinian Refugees) (2020)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "6.7 million (ongoing civil war since 2011) (2020)" + "text": "6.568 million (ongoing civil war since 2011) (2020)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "160,000 (2019); note - Syria's stateless population consists of Kurds and Palestinians; stateless persons are prevented from voting, owning land, holding certain jobs, receiving food subsidies or public healthcare, enrolling in public schools, or being legally married to Syrian citizens; in 1962, some 120,000 Syrian Kurds were stripped of their Syrian citizenship, rendering them and their descendants stateless; in 2011, the Syrian Government granted citizenship to thousands of Syrian Kurds as a means of appeasement; however, resolving the question of statelessness is not a priority given Syria's ongoing civil war" + "text": "160,000 (2020); note - Syria's stateless population consists of Kurds and Palestinians; stateless persons are prevented from voting, owning land, holding certain jobs, receiving food subsidies or public healthcare, enrolling in public schools, or being legally married to Syrian citizens; in 1962, some 120,000 Syrian Kurds were stripped of their Syrian citizenship, rendering them and their descendants stateless; in 2011, the Syrian Government granted citizenship to thousands of Syrian Kurds as a means of appeasement; however, resolving the question of statelessness is not a priority given Syria's ongoing civil war" }, - "note": "note: the ongoing civil war has resulted in more than 5.6 million registered Syrian refugees - dispersed in Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey - as of June 2021" + "note": "note: the ongoing civil war has resulted in more than 5.6 million registered Syrian refugees - dispersed in Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey - as of July 2021" }, "Trafficking in persons": { "current situation": { diff --git a/middle-east/tu.json b/middle-east/tu.json index e7033968..4eff95ad 100644 --- a/middle-east/tu.json +++ b/middle-east/tu.json @@ -994,7 +994,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "comprehensive telecommunications network undergoing rapid modernization and expansion, especially in mobile-cellular services; rise in subscribers and increase in bundled packages; while mobile broadband becoming increasingly popular DSL has largest share of fixed broadband technologies, but fiber-optic is growing with significant investment; 4G LTE networks well incorporated in Turkey, 93% coverage of the population; strides made with 5G trials with help from Chinese company Huawei (2020)" + "text": "

following earthquake damage to infrastructure in 2020, telecom sector undergoing rapid modernization and expansion, especially in mobile-cellular services; mobile broadband becoming increasingly popular; near saturation of 4G LTE coverage for the population; strides made with 5G through investment by Huawei and Ericcson; fixed and mobile infrastructure will help to underpin Smart City initiatives; tight government control on social media platforms; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "additional digital exchanges are permitting a rapid increase in subscribers; the construction of a network of technologically advanced intercity trunk lines, using both fiber-optic cable and digital microwave radio relay, is facilitating communication between urban centers; remote areas are reached by a domestic satellite system; fixed-line 14 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity is 97 telephones per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1183,10 +1183,10 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "3,681,531 (Syria) (2021); 173,250 (Iraq) (asylum seekers), 116,400 (Afghanistan) (asylum seekers), 27,000 (Iran) (asylum seekers) (2020)" + "text": "3,688,093 (Syria) (2021); 173,250 (Iraq) (asylum seekers), 116,400 (Afghanistan) (asylum seekers), 27,000 (Iran) (asylum seekers) (2020)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "1.099 million (displaced from 1984-2005 because of fighting between the Kurdish PKK and Turkish military; most IDPs are Kurds from eastern and southeastern provinces; no information available on persons displaced by development projects) (2019)" + "text": "1.099 million (displaced from 1984-2005 because of fighting between the Kurdish PKK and Turkish military; most IDPs are Kurds from eastern and southeastern provinces; no information available on persons displaced by development projects) (2020)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "117 (2018)" diff --git a/middle-east/we.json b/middle-east/we.json index fc3ec966..05957f9b 100644 --- a/middle-east/we.json +++ b/middle-east/we.json @@ -873,8 +873,9 @@ "text": "858,758 (Palestinian refugees) (2020)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "243,000 (includes persons displaced within the Gaza strip due to the intensification of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict since June 2014 and other Palestinian IDPs in the Gaza Strip and West Bank who fled as long ago as 1967, although confirmed cumulative data do not go back beyond 2006) (2019)" - } + "text": "131,000 (includes persons displaced within the Gaza strip due to the intensification of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict since June 2014 and other Palestinian IDPs in the Gaza Strip and West Bank who fled as long ago as 1967, although confirmed cumulative data do not go back beyond 2006) (2020)" + }, + "note": "data represent Gaza Strip and West Bank" } } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/middle-east/ym.json b/middle-east/ym.json index 92d5be1d..f20f7a8f 100644 --- a/middle-east/ym.json +++ b/middle-east/ym.json @@ -1000,7 +1000,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "large percent of the population is in need of humanitarian assistance, and given the civil conflict, telecommunications services are vital but disrupted; mobile towers are often deliberately targeted; maintenance is dangerous to staff; aid organization rely on satellite and radio communications; there is a scarcity of telecommunications equipment in rural areas; ownership of telecommunications services and the related revenues and taxes have become a political issue; Chinese company Huawei helping with rebuilding and moving some equipment; little progress in the near future until civil unrest stabilizes; earlier damage to the FALCON submarine cable, left Internet service interrupted for a month until repaired (2020)" + "text": "

large percent of the population is in need of humanitarian assistance and telecom services are vital but disrupted; mobile towers are often deliberately targeted; maintenance is dangerous to staff; aid organizations rely on satellite and radio communications; scarcity of telecom equipment in rural areas; ownership of telecom services and the related revenues and taxes have become a political issue; Chinese company Huawei helping to rebuild some equipment (2020)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "the national network consists of microwave radio relay, cable, tropospheric scatter, GSM and CDMA mobile-cellular telephone systems; fixed-line teledensity remains low by regional standards at 4 per 100 but mobile cellular use expanding at 55 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1169,7 +1169,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "112,865 (Somalia), 16,051 (Ethiopia) (2021)" + "text": "112,865 (Somalia), 16,193 (Ethiopia) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "4,002,012 (conflict in Sa'ada Governorate; clashes between al-Qa'ida in the Arabian Peninsula and government forces) (2020)" diff --git a/north-america/bd.json b/north-america/bd.json index 0da19ce3..07cda0df 100644 --- a/north-america/bd.json +++ b/north-america/bd.json @@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ "text": "overseas territory of the UK" }, "Government type": { - "text": "parliamentary democracy; self-governing overseas territory of the UK" + "text": "Overseas Territory of the UK with limited self-government; parliamentary democracy" }, "Capital": { "name": { @@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ "text": "9 parishes and 2 municipalities*; Devonshire, Hamilton, Hamilton*, Paget, Pembroke, Saint George*, Saint George's, Sandys, Smith's, Southampton, Warwick" }, "Independence": { - "text": "none (overseas territory of the UK)" + "text": "none (Overseas Territory of the UK)" }, "National holiday": { "text": "Bermuda Day, 24 May; note - formerly known as Victoria Day, Empire Day, and Commonwealth Day" diff --git a/north-america/ca.json b/north-america/ca.json index b7f893c5..c6257cf5 100644 --- a/north-america/ca.json +++ b/north-america/ca.json @@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Acting Governor General Richard WAGNER (since 21 January 2021)" + "text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Mary SIMON (since 6 July 2021)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Justin Pierre James TRUDEAU (Liberal Party) (since 4 November 2015)" @@ -1181,7 +1181,7 @@ "text": "7,356 (Colombia), 6,640 (Nigeria), 6,563 (Haiti), 6,060 (China), 5,876 (Turkey), 5,498 (Pakistan) (2018); 6,751 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay) (2019)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "3,790 (2019)" + "text": "4,139 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/north-america/mx.json b/north-america/mx.json index a01ab40d..5ca27b5d 100644 --- a/north-america/mx.json +++ b/north-america/mx.json @@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ }, "Languages": { "Languages": { - "text": "Spanish only 92.7%, Spanish and indigenous languages 5.7%, indigenous only 0.8%, unspecified 0.8%; note -indigenous languages include various Mayan, Nahuatl, and other regional languages (2005)" + "text": "Spanish only 92.7%, Spanish and indigenous languages 5.7%, indigenous only 0.8%, unspecified 0.8%; note -indigenous languages include various Mayan, Nahuatl, and other regional languages (2005 est.)" }, "printed major-language sample": { "text": "
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information." @@ -595,7 +595,7 @@ "note": "Note: in mid-February 2020, the Mexican president endorsed a bill on judicial reform, which proposes changes to 7 articles of the constitution and the issuance of a new Organic Law on the Judicial Branch of the Federation" }, "Political parties and leaders": { - "text": "Citizen's Movement (Movimiento Ciudadano) or MC [Clemente CASTANEDA]
Institutional Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional) or PRI [Claudia RUIZ Massieu]
Labor Party (Partido del Trabajo) or PT [Alberto ANAYA Gutierrez]
Mexican Green Ecological Party (Partido Verde Ecologista de Mexico) or PVEM [Carlos Alberto PUENTE Salas]
Movement for National Regeneration (Movimiento Regeneracion Nacional) or MORENA [Andres Manuel LOPEZ Obrador]
National Action Party (Partido Accion Nacional) or PAN [Damian ZEPEDA Vidales]
Party of the Democratic Revolution (Partido de la Revolucion Democratica) or PRD [Manuel GRANADOS]" + "text": "Citizen's Movement (Movimiento Ciudadano) or MC [Clemente CASTANEDA]
Institutional Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional) or PRI [Claudia RUIZ Massieu]
It's For Mexico (Va Por Mexico) - alliance that includes PAN, PRI, PRD
Labor Party (Partido del Trabajo) or PT [Alberto ANAYA Gutierrez]
Mexican Green Ecological Party (Partido Verde Ecologista de Mexico) or PVEM [Carlos Alberto PUENTE Salas]
Movement for National Regeneration (Movimiento Regeneracion Nacional) or MORENA [Andres Manuel LOPEZ Obrador]
National Action Party (Partido Accion Nacional) or PAN [Damian ZEPEDA Vidales]
Party of the Democratic Revolution (Partido de la Revolucion Democratica) or PRD [Manuel GRANADOS]
Together We Make History (Juntos Hacemos Historia) - alliance that includes MORENA, PT, PVEM" }, "International organization participation": { "text": "APEC, Australia Group, BCIE, BIS, CAN (observer), Caricom (observer), CD, CDB, CE (observer), CELAC, CSN (observer), EBRD, FAO, FATF, G-3, G-15, G-20, G-24, G-5, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, MIGA, NAFTA, NAM (observer), NEA, NSG, OAS, OECD, OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance, Paris Club (associate), PCA, SICA (observer), UN, UNASUR (observer), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina (observer), UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO" @@ -1199,7 +1199,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Mexican armed forces have approximately 270,000 active personnel (200,000 Army; 60,000 Navy, including about 20,000 naval infantry; 8,000 Air Force); approximately 100,000 National Guard (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 250,000 active personnel (180,000 Army; 60,000 Navy, including 20-25,000 marines; 8,000 Air Force); approximately 90-100,000 National Guard (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Mexican military inventory includes a mix of domestically-produced and imported equipment from a variety of mostly Western suppliers; since 2010, the US is the leading supplier of military hardware to Mexico; Mexico's defense industry produces naval vessels and light armored vehicles (2020)" @@ -1220,10 +1220,10 @@ "text": "9,257 (Honduras) (2019); 62,044 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay) (2020)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "345,000 (government's quashing of Zapatista uprising in 1994 in eastern Chiapas Region; drug cartel violence and government's military response since 2007; violence between and within indigenous groups) (2019)" + "text": "357,000 (government's quashing of Zapatista uprising in 1994 in eastern Chiapas Region; drug cartel violence and government's military response since 2007; violence between and within indigenous groups) (2020)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "13 (2019)" + "text": "13 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/north-america/us.json b/north-america/us.json index 02c5fd21..59a8d165 100644 --- a/north-america/us.json +++ b/north-america/us.json @@ -955,7 +955,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "a large, technologically advanced, multipurpose communications system; mobile subscriber penetration rate of about 129%; national LTE-M services, closes down 2G infrastructure and reassigns spectrum for 5G; FttP rather than FttN efforts (2020)" + "text": "a large, technologically advanced, multipurpose communications system; reliable Internet available for most of the population though challenges remain in rural areas and tribal lands; concentration among industry operators; saturated mobile subscriber penetration rate; national LTE-M services with reassignment of 2G spectrum for 5G, centered in urban areas; operators signed alliance to develop 6G in line with technology standards, and government policies; almost all citizens have access to both fixed-line and mobile-broadband services; government fund to connect 5.3 million residences and businesses in rural areas; in pandemic, emergency funding for Internet and devices related to education; cooperative approach to e-commerce, health, education, and energy with smart city technology in several areas; federal subsidies to private satellite Internet constellation with aims for fast, world-wide connections; government policy designated Chinese companies Huawei and ZTE as national security threats and restricted partnership; importer of broadcasting equipment from China with export of same to Hong Kong (2021) (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "a large system of fiber-optic cable, microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, and domestic satellites carries every form of telephone traffic; a rapidly growing cellular system carries mobile telephone traffic throughout the country; fixed-line 33 per 100 and mobile-cellular 124 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1140,7 +1140,7 @@ "text": "the US military's inventory is comprised almost entirely of domestically-produced weapons systems (some assembled with foreign components) along with a smaller mix of imported equipment from a variety of Western countries; since 2010, Germany and the UK are the leading suppliers of military hardware; the US defense industry is capable of designing, developing, maintaining, and producing the full spectrum of weapons systems; the US is the world's leading arms exporter (2020)" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "approximately 2,500 Afghanistan (NATO); 5,000 Africa (mostly in Djibouti, with approximately 700-1,000 in other countries of East Africa and about 700 in West Africa); 1,000 Australia; 1,150 Belgium; 150 Bulgaria; 250 Diego Garcia; 150 Canada; 750 Cuba; 270 Egypt (MFO); 34,000 Germany; 400 Greece; 150 Greenland; 6,000 Guam; 380 Honduras; 12,000 Italy; 54,000 Japan; 630 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); approximately 10-15,000 assigned with an additional estimated 20-30,000 deployed in the Middle East (Bahrain/Iraq/Israel/Jordan/Kuwait/Oman/Qatar/Saudi Arabia/Syria/United Arab Emirates); 400 Netherlands; 700 Norway; 200 Philippines; 4,500 Poland; 250 Portugal; 26,500 Republic of Korea; 1,100 Romania; 200 Singapore; 3,200 Spain; 100 Thailand; 1,700 Turkey; 9,300 United Kingdom (2020)

US military rotational policies affect deployed numbers; for example, the US deploys ground and air units to select countries for 6-12 month rotational assignments on a continuous basis; in South Korea, for example, the US continuously rotates combat brigades (3,000-4,000 personnel) for 9 months at a time; contingencies also affect US troop deployments; for example, in 2019, the US deployed more than 15,000 additional military personnel to the Middle East for an extended period of time; in addition, some overseas US naval bases, such as the headquarters of US Naval Forces Central Command (USNAVCENT) in Manama, Bahrain, are frequented by the crews of US ships on 6-9 month deployments; a US carrier strike group with an air wing and supporting ships typically includes over 6-7,000 personnel", + "text": "approximately 1,000 Afghanistan (NATO); 5,000 Africa (mostly in Djibouti, with approximately 700-1,000 in other countries of East Africa and about 700 in West Africa); 1,000 Australia; 1,150 Belgium; 150 Bulgaria; 250 Diego Garcia; 150 Canada; 750 Cuba; 270 Egypt (MFO); 34,000 Germany; 400 Greece; 150 Greenland; 6,000 Guam; 380 Honduras; 12,000 Italy; 54,000 Japan; 630 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); approximately 10-15,000 assigned with an additional estimated 20-30,000 deployed in the Middle East (Bahrain/Iraq/Israel/Jordan/Kuwait/Oman/Qatar/Saudi Arabia/Syria/United Arab Emirates); 400 Netherlands; 700 Norway; 200 Philippines; 4,500 Poland; 250 Portugal; 26,500 Republic of Korea; 1,100 Romania; 200 Singapore; 3,200 Spain; 100 Thailand; 1,700 Turkey; 9,300 United Kingdom (2021)

US military rotational policies affect deployed numbers; for example, the US deploys ground and air units to select countries for 6-12 month rotational assignments on a continuous basis; in South Korea, for example, the US continuously rotates combat brigades (3,000-4,000 personnel) for 9 months at a time; contingencies also affect US troop deployments; for example, in 2019, the US deployed more than 15,000 additional military personnel to the Middle East for an extended period of time; in addition, some overseas US naval bases, such as the headquarters of US Naval Forces Central Command (USNAVCENT) in Manama, Bahrain, are frequented by the crews of US ships on 6-9 month deployments; a US carrier strike group with an air wing and supporting ships typically includes over 6-7,000 personnel", "note": "US military rotational policies affect deployed numbers; for example, the US deploys ground and air units to select countries for 6-12 month rotational assignments on a continuous basis; in South Korea, for example, the US continuously rotates combat brigades (3,000-4,000 personnel) for 9 months at a time; contingencies also affect US troop deployments; for example, in 2019, the US deployed more than 15,000 additional military personnel to the Middle East for an extended period of time; in addition, some overseas US naval bases, such as the headquarters of US Naval Forces Central Command (USNAVCENT) in Manama, Bahrain, are frequented by the crews of US ships on 6-9 month deployments; a US carrier strike group with an air wing and supporting ships typically includes over 6-7,000 personnel" }, "Military service age and obligation": { diff --git a/south-america/ar.json b/south-america/ar.json index 282ffcc1..35818933 100644 --- a/south-america/ar.json +++ b/south-america/ar.json @@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ } }, "Ethnic groups": { - "text": "European (mostly Spanish and Italian descent) and Mestizo (mixed European and Amerindian ancestry) 97.2%, Amerindian 2.4%, African 0.4% (2010 est.)" + "text": "European (mostly Spanish and Italian descent) and Mestizo (mixed European and Amerindian ancestry) 97.2%, Amerindian 2.4%, African descent 0.4% (2010 est.)" }, "Languages": { "Languages": { @@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ } }, "Religions": { - "text": "nominally Roman Catholic 92% (less than 20% practicing), Protestant 2%, Jewish 2%, other 4%" + "text": "Roman Catholic 62.9%, Evangelical 15.3% (Pentecostal 13%, other Evangelical 2.3%), Jehovah's Witness and Mormon 1.4%, other 1.2%, agnostic 3.2%, atheist 6%, none 9.7%, unspecified 0.3% (2019 est.)" }, "Demographic profile": { "text": "

Argentina's population continues to grow but at a slower rate because of its steadily declining birth rate. Argentina's fertility decline began earlier than in the rest of Latin America, occurring most rapidly between the early 20th century and the 1950s, and then becoming more gradual. Life expectancy has been improving, most notably among the young and the poor. While the population under age 15 is shrinking, the youth cohort - ages 15-24 - is the largest in Argentina's history and will continue to bolster the working-age population. If this large working-age population is well-educated and gainfully employed, Argentina is likely to experience an economic boost and possibly higher per capita savings and investment. Although literacy and primary school enrollment are nearly universal, grade repetition is problematic and secondary school completion is low. Both of these issues vary widely by region and socioeconomic group.

Argentina has been primarily a country of immigration for most of its history, welcoming European immigrants (often providing needed low-skilled labor) after its independence in the 19th century and attracting especially large numbers from Spain and Italy. More than 7 million European immigrants are estimated to have arrived in Argentina between 1880 and 1930, when it adopted a more restrictive immigration policy. European immigration also began to wane in the 1930s because of the global depression. The inflow rebounded temporarily following WWII and resumed its decline in the 1950s when Argentina's military dictators tightened immigration rules and European economies rebounded. Regional migration increased, however, supplying low-skilled workers escaping economic and political instability in their home countries. As of 2015, immigrants made up almost 5% of Argentina's population, the largest share in South America. Migration from neighboring countries accounted for approximately 80% of Argentina's immigrant population in 2015.

The first waves of highly skilled Argentine emigrant workers headed mainly to the United States and Spain in the 1960s and 1970s, driven by economic decline and repressive military dictatorships. The 2008 European economic crisis drove the return migration of some Argentinean and other Latin American nationals, as well as the immigration of Europeans to South America, where Argentina was a key recipient. In 2015, Argentina received the highest number of legal migrants in Latin America and the Caribbean. The majority of its migrant inflow came from Paraguay and Bolivia.

" diff --git a/south-america/bl.json b/south-america/bl.json index a17c3234..29b7d480 100644 --- a/south-america/bl.json +++ b/south-america/bl.json @@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot one of 3 ways: candidate wins at least 50% of the vote, or at least 40% of the vote and 10% more than the next highest candidate; otherwise a second round is held and the winner determined by simple majority vote; president and vice president are elected by majority vote to serve a 5-year term; no term limits (changed from two consecutive term limit by Constitutional Court in late 2017); election last held on 18 October 2020 (next to be held in October 2025)" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2020: Luis Alberto ARCE Catacora elected president; percent of vote - Luis Alberto ARCE Catacora (MAS) 55.1%; Carlos Diego MESA Gisbert (CC) 28.8%; Luis Fernando CAMACHO Vaca (Creemos) 14%; other 2.1%

2018:  Juan Evo MORALES Ayma reelected president; percent of vote - Juan Evo MORALES Ayma (MAS) 61%; Samuel DORIA MEDINA Arana (UN) 24.5%; Jorge QUIROGA Ramirez (POC) 9.1%; other 5.4%; note - MORALES resigned from office on 10 November 2019 over alleged election rigging; resignations of all his constitutionally designated successors followed, including the Vice President, President of the Senate, President of the Chamber of Deputies, and First Vice President of the Senate, leaving the Second Vice President of the Senate, Jeanine ANEZ Chavez, the highest-ranking official still in office; her appointment to the presidency was endorsed by Bolivia's Constitutional Court, and she served as interim president until the inauguration of Luis Alberto ARCE Catacora, winner of the 18 October 2020 presidential election" + "text": "
2020: Luis Alberto ARCE Catacora elected president; percent of vote - Luis Alberto ARCE Catacora (MAS) 55.1%; Carlos Diego MESA Gisbert (CC) 28.8%; Luis Fernando CAMACHO Vaca (Creemos) 14%; other 2.1%

2018: Juan Evo MORALES Ayma reelected president; percent of vote - Juan Evo MORALES Ayma (MAS) 61%; Samuel DORIA MEDINA Arana (UN) 24.5%; Jorge QUIROGA Ramirez (POC) 9.1%; other 5.4%; note - MORALES resigned from office on 10 November 2019 over alleged election rigging; resignations of all his constitutionally designated successors followed, including the Vice President, President of the Senate, President of the Chamber of Deputies, and First Vice President of the Senate, leaving the Second Vice President of the Senate, Jeanine ANEZ Chavez, the highest-ranking official still in office; her appointment to the presidency was endorsed by Bolivia's Constitutional Court, and she served as interim president until the inauguration of Luis Alberto ARCE Catacora, winner of the 18 October 2020 presidential election" } }, "Legislative branch": { diff --git a/south-america/br.json b/south-america/br.json index 0819d6d4..8ead520c 100644 --- a/south-america/br.json +++ b/south-america/br.json @@ -566,7 +566,7 @@ "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 October 2018 with runoff on 28 October 2018 (next to be held in October 2022)" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2018: Jair BOLSONARO elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 46%, Fernando HADDAD (PT) 29.3%, Ciro GOMEZ (PDT) 12.5%, Geraldo ALCKMIN (PSDB) 4.8%, other 7.4%; percent of vote in second round - Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 55.1%, Fernando HADDAD (PT) 44.9%

2014: Dilma ROUSSEFF reelected president in second round; percent of vote - Dilma ROUSSEFF (PT) 51.6%, Aecio NEVES (PSDB) 48.4%; note - on 12 May 2016, Brazil's Senate voted to hold an impeachment trial of President Dilma ROUSSEFF, who was then suspended from her executive duties; Vice President Michel TEMER took over as acting president; on 31 August 2016 the Senate voted 61-20 in favor of conviction and her removal from office; TEMER served as president for the remainder of ROUSSEFF's term, which ended 1 January 2019" + "text": "
2018:  Jair BOLSONARO elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 46%, Fernando HADDAD (PT) 29.3%, Ciro GOMEZ (PDT) 12.5%, Geraldo ALCKMIN (PSDB) 4.8%, other 7.4%; percent of vote in second round - Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 55.1%, Fernando HADDAD (PT) 44.9%

2014:  Dilma ROUSSEFF reelected president in second round; percent of vote - Dilma ROUSSEFF (PT) 51.6%, Aecio NEVES (PSDB) 48.4%; note - on 12 May 2016, Brazil's Senate voted to hold an impeachment trial of President Dilma ROUSSEFF, who was then suspended from her executive duties; Vice President Michel TEMER took over as acting president; on 31 August 2016 the Senate voted 61-20 in favor of conviction and her removal from office; TEMER served as president for the remainder of ROUSSEFF's term, which ended 1 January 2019" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -1217,7 +1217,7 @@ "text": "288,361 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or received alternative legal stay) (2020)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "7 (2019)" + "text": "14 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/south-america/co.json b/south-america/co.json index 56618dc6..d66315bb 100644 --- a/south-america/co.json +++ b/south-america/co.json @@ -1217,13 +1217,13 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "729,361 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or received alternative legal stay) (2020)" + "text": "1,742,927 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or received alternative legal stay) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "7,967,965 (conflict between government and illegal armed groups and drug traffickers since 1985; about 300,000 new IDPs each year since 2000) (2020)" + "text": "8,137,396 (conflict between government and illegal armed groups and drug traffickers since 1985; about 300,000 new IDPs each year since 2000) (2021)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "11 (2019)" + "text": "11 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/south-america/ec.json b/south-america/ec.json index 459aeb4e..d2626425 100644 --- a/south-america/ec.json +++ b/south-america/ec.json @@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 February 2021 with a runoff on 11 April 2021 (next to be held in February 2025)" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2021: Guillermo LASSO Mendoza elected president; first round election results: percent of vote - Andres ARAUZ (UNES) 32.72%, Guillermo LASSO Mendoza (CREO) 19.74%, Yaku PEREZ Guartambel (MUPP) 19.38%, Xavier HERVAS Mora (Independent) 15.68%, other 12.48%; second round election results: percent of vote - Guillermo LASSO Mendoza (CREO) 52.5%, Andres ARAUZ (UNES) 47.5%

2017: Lenin MORENO Garces elected president in second round; percent of vote - Lenin MORENO Garces (Alianza PAIS Movement) 51.1%, Guillermo LASSO (CREO) 48.9%" + "text": "
2021: Guillermo LASSO Mendoza elected president; first round election results: percent of vote - Andres ARAUZ (UNES) 32.72%, Guillermo LASSO Mendoza (CREO) 19.74%, Yaku PEREZ Guartambel (MUPP) 19.38%, Xavier HERVAS Mora (Independent) 15.68%, other 12.48%; second round election results: percent of vote - Guillermo LASSO Mendoza (CREO) 52.5%, Andres ARAUZ (UNES) 47.5%

2017: Lenin MORENO Garces elected president in second round; percent of vote - Lenin MORENO Garces (Alianza PAIS Movement) 51.1%, Guillermo LASSO (CREO) 48.9%" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -1189,7 +1189,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "102,928 (Colombia) (2019); 207,324 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay) (2020)" + "text": "429,685 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay), 65,854 (Colombia) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/south-america/ns.json b/south-america/ns.json index 4a1b2eed..417e2424 100644 --- a/south-america/ns.json +++ b/south-america/ns.json @@ -976,7 +976,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "international facilities are good; state-owned fixed-line teledensity and broadband services below regional average for Latin America and Caribbean, but mobile penetration is above regional average; fixed-line effective along the coastline and poor in the interior; competition in the mobile sector (2020)" + "text": "

smallest nation in South America with low population and client base; state-owned fixed-line tele-density rates and broadband services below regional average for Latin America and Caribbean; operator building out fiber network; mobile penetration is above regional average; fixed-line effective along the coastline yet poor in the interior; competition in the mobile sector; launch of 5G in Paramaribo; importer of broadcasting equipment from USA (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 16 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity 140 telephones per 100 persons; microwave radio relay network is in place (2019)" diff --git a/south-america/pa.json b/south-america/pa.json index 6456c8a9..f0209a7a 100644 --- a/south-america/pa.json +++ b/south-america/pa.json @@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ } }, "Religions": { - "text": "Roman Catholic 89.6%, Protestant 6.2%, other Christian 1.1%, other or unspecified 1.9%, none 1.1% (2002 census)" + "text": "Roman Catholic 89.6%, Protestant 6.2%, other Christian 1.1%, other or unspecified 1.9%, none 1.1% (2002 est.)" }, "Demographic profile": { "text": "

Paraguay falls below the Latin American average in several socioeconomic categories, including immunization rates, potable water, sanitation, and secondary school enrollment, and has greater rates of income inequality and child and maternal mortality. Paraguay's poverty rate has declined in recent years but remains high, especially in rural areas, with more than a third of the population below the poverty line. However, the well-being of the poor in many regions has improved in terms of housing quality and access to clean water, telephone service, and electricity. The fertility rate continues to drop, declining sharply from an average 4.3 births per woman in the late 1990s to about 2 in 2013, as a result of the greater educational attainment of women, increased use of contraception, and a desire for smaller families among young women.

Paraguay is a country of emigration; it has not attracted large numbers of immigrants because of political instability, civil wars, years of dictatorship, and the greater appeal of neighboring countries. Paraguay first tried to encourage immigration in 1870 in order to rebound from the heavy death toll it suffered during the War of the Triple Alliance, but it received few European and Middle Eastern immigrants. In the 20th century, limited numbers of immigrants arrived from Lebanon, Japan, South Korea, and China, as well as Mennonites from Canada, Russia, and Mexico. Large flows of Brazilian immigrants have been arriving since the 1960s, mainly to work in agriculture. Paraguayans continue to emigrate to Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, the United States, Italy, Spain, and France.

" @@ -1132,7 +1132,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Armed Forces of Paraguay have approximately 14,000 active personnel (9,000 Army; 3,000 Navy; 2,000 Air Force) (2020)" + "text": "the Armed Forces of Paraguay have approximately 13,000 active personnel (8,000 Army; 3,000 Navy; 2,000 Air Force) (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Paraguayan military forces inventory is comprised of mostly older equipment from a variety of foreign suppliers, particularly Brazil and the US; since 2010, Paraguay has acquired small quantities of mostly second-hand military equipment from Argentina, Brazil, Israel, Taiwan, and the US (2020)" diff --git a/south-america/pe.json b/south-america/pe.json index 6b6153d2..b103159f 100644 --- a/south-america/pe.json +++ b/south-america/pe.json @@ -120,14 +120,14 @@ }, "Languages": { "Languages": { - "text": "Spanish (official) 82.9%, Quechua (official) 13.6%, Aymara (official) 1.6%, Ashaninka 0.3%, other native languages (includes a large number of minor Amazonian languages) 0.8%, other (includes foreign languages and sign language) 0.2%, none .1%, unspecified .7% (2017 est.)" + "text": "Spanish (official) 82.9%, Quechua (official) 13.6%, Aymara (official) 1.6%, Ashaninka 0.3%, other native languages (includes a large number of minor Amazonian languages) 0.8%, other (includes foreign languages and sign language) 0.2%, none 0.1%, unspecified 0.7% (2017 est.)" }, "printed major-language sample": { "text": "
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information." } }, "Religions": { - "text": "Roman Catholic 60%, Christian 14.6% (includes evangelical 11.1%, other 3.5%), other .3%, none 4%, unspecified 21.1% (2017 est.)" + "text": "Roman Catholic 60%, Christian 14.6% (includes evangelical 11.1%, other 3.5%), other 0.3%, none 4%, unspecified 21.1% (2017 est.)" }, "Demographic profile": { "text": "

Peru's urban and coastal communities have benefited much more from recent economic growth than rural, Afro-Peruvian, indigenous, and poor populations of the Amazon and mountain regions. The poverty rate has dropped substantially during the last decade but remains stubbornly high at about 30% (more than 55% in rural areas). After remaining almost static for about a decade, Peru's malnutrition rate began falling in 2005, when the government introduced a coordinated strategy focusing on hygiene, sanitation, and clean water. School enrollment has improved, but achievement scores reflect ongoing problems with educational quality. Many poor children temporarily or permanently drop out of school to help support their families. About a quarter to a third of Peruvian children aged 6 to 14 work, often putting in long hours at hazardous mining or construction sites.

Peru was a country of immigration in the 19th and early 20th centuries, but has become a country of emigration in the last few decades. Beginning in the 19th century, Peru brought in Asian contract laborers mainly to work on coastal plantations. Populations of Chinese and Japanese descent - among the largest in Latin America - are economically and culturally influential in Peru today. Peruvian emigration began rising in the 1980s due to an economic crisis and a violent internal conflict, but outflows have stabilized in the last few years as economic conditions have improved. Nonetheless, more than 2 million Peruvians have emigrated in the last decade, principally to the US, Spain, and Argentina.

" @@ -1186,7 +1186,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Peruvian military has approximately 95,000 active personnel (55,000 Army; 25,000 Navy, including about 4,000 naval infantry and 1,000 Coast Guard; 15,000 Air Force) (2020)" + "text": "information varies; approximately 95,000 active personnel (55,000 Army; 25,000 Navy, including about 4,000 naval infantry and 1,000 Coast Guard; 15,000 Air Force) (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Peruvian military's inventory is a mix of mostly older equipment from a wide variety of suppliers, including Brazil, Europe, the former Soviet Union, and the US; since 2010, Peru has received military equipment from more than a dozen countries, led by Russia and South Korea (2020)" @@ -1195,7 +1195,7 @@ "text": "200 Central African Republic (MINUSCA) (Jan 2021)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { - "text": "18-50 years of age for male and 18-45 years of age for female voluntary military service; no conscription (2019)" + "text": "18-50 years of age for male and 18-45 years of age for female voluntary military service (12 months); no conscription (2019)" }, "Maritime threats": { "text": "the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial waters of Peru are a risk for armed robbery against ships; in 2020, eight attacks against a commercial vessels were reported, down from 10 attacks in 2019; all of these occurred in the main port of Callao" @@ -1216,7 +1216,7 @@ "text": "961,953 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "60,000 (civil war from 1980-2000; most IDPs are indigenous peasants in Andean and Amazonian regions; as of 2011, no new information on the situation of these IDPs) (2019)" + "text": "60,000 (civil war from 1980-2000; most IDPs are indigenous peasants in Andean and Amazonian regions; as of 2011, no new information on the situation of these IDPs) (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/south-america/uy.json b/south-america/uy.json index ed304ef8..499926fc 100644 --- a/south-america/uy.json +++ b/south-america/uy.json @@ -986,7 +986,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "fully digitalized; one of the highest broadband penetrations in Latin America; high fixed-line and mobile penetrations as well; FttP coverage by 2022; nationwide 3G coverage and LTE networks; limited 5G commercial reach; strong focus on fiber infrastructure with 70% residential fixed-broadband connections and all business connections (2020)" + "text": "

Uruguay has an advanced telecom market, with excellent infrastructure and one of the highest broadband penetration rates in Latin America; fully digitized; high computer use and fixed-line/mobile penetrations; deployment of fiber infrastructure will encourage economic growth and stimulate e-commerce; state-owned monopoly on fixed-line market and dominance of mobile market; nationwide 3G coverage and LTE networks; limited 5G commercial reach; strong focus on fiber infrastructure with high percentage of residential fixed-broadband connections and near total business connections; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "most modern facilities concentrated in Montevideo; nationwide microwave radio relay network; overall fixed-line 34 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity 138 per 100 persons (2019)" diff --git a/south-america/ve.json b/south-america/ve.json index a2478db5..07f083ad 100644 --- a/south-america/ve.json +++ b/south-america/ve.json @@ -953,7 +953,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "by late 2018 teledensity has fallen due to political upheaval in the country with people holding on to mobile service, but cancelling fixed-line telecom services; poor quality of service in many areas of the country due to financial concerns of customers, decrepit sate of fixed-line network and difficulty to pay for equipment from foreign vendors; popularity of social networks has given growth to mobile data traffic; LTE population coverage about 46%; govt. launches National Fiber Optic backbone project; mobile penetration below average for South America; MNO suffering from stolen or damaged infrastructure (2020)" + "text": "

telecom industry struggling due to political upheaval in the country; poor quality of service in many areas of the country due to decrepit state of fixed-line network and operators’ inability to pay for equipment from foreign vendors; operator suffering from stolen or damaged infrastructure; many consumers favor mobile service, and cancel their fixed-line services; popularity of social networks caused growth in mobile data traffic; LTE coverage to about half of the population; government launched National Fiber Optic backbone project in 2019; national satellite drifted off course and became non-operational; American company closed a telecom service due to government sanction and a Chilean company later acquired the service; Internet freedom deteriorating amid crisis, with frequent disruptions to service and monitoring; importer of broadcasting equipment from the USA (2021)

(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "two domestic satellite systems with three earth stations; recent substantial improvement in telephone service in rural areas; 3 major providers operate in the mobile market and compete with state-owned company; fixed-line 19 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone subscribership about 58 per 100 persons (2019)" diff --git a/south-asia/af.json b/south-asia/af.json index 0c4f295a..36a648e9 100644 --- a/south-asia/af.json +++ b/south-asia/af.json @@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ "text": "Afghan Persian or Dari (official) 78% (Dari functions as the lingua franca), Pashto (official) 50%, Uzbek 10%, English 5%, Turkmen 2%, Urdu 2%, Pashayi 1%, Nuristani 1%, Arabic 1%, Balochi 1%, other <1% (2017 est.)" }, "printed major-language sample": { - "text": "د دنیا د حقائېقو کتاب، بنیادی معلوماتو لپاره ضروری سرچینه- (Pashto)" + "text": "

منبع ضروری برای اطلاعات اساسی کتاب حقایق جهانی، (Dari)

د دنیا د حقائېقو کتاب، بنیادی معلوماتو لپاره ضروری سرچینه- (Pashto)" }, "note": "note 1: data represent most widely spoken languages; shares sum to more than 100% because there is much bilingualism in the country and because respondents were allowed to select more than one language\r\n

note 2: the Turkic languages Uzbek and Turkmen, as well as Balochi, Pashayi, Nuristani, and Pamiri are the third official languages in areas where the majority speaks them" }, @@ -1140,7 +1140,7 @@ "text": "18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2019)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "

the Afghan military focuses on internal security threats from several armed groups, particularly the Taliban and militants from the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS), al-Qa’ida, and Haqqani Network terrorist groups (see the Terrorist Organizations Appendix); the primary threat to the Afghan Government and its security forces is the Taliban, which has conducted an insurgency since the early 2000s and conducted thousands of attacks against government forces, including widespread assassinations of government employees, security officials, and society leaders; the Taliban calls itself the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan; its political and military decisions are made by a leadership council (Rahbari Shura) currently led by HAIBATULLAH Akhundzada; as of mid-2020, the group had an estimated 60-80,000 full-time fighters; in addition to their strongholds in the provinces of Helmond and Kandahar, the Taliban has conducted attacks in nearly every Afghanistan province; as of February 2021, the Taliban had surrounded the provincial capitals of Baghlan, Helmand, Kandahar, Kunduz, and Uruzgan provinces; in 2018, it briefly seized the capitals of Farah and Ghazni provinces; the Taliban has close ties to al-Qaida and the Haqqani Network


since early 2015, the NATO-led mission in Afghanistan known as Resolute Support Mission (RSM) has focused on training, advising, and assisting Afghan government forces; as of February 2021, RSM included about 9,500 troops from 36 countries; NATO forces intend to withdraw from Afghanistan by September of 2021 (along with the scheduled US withdrawal)

" + "text": "

the Afghan military focuses on internal security threats from several armed groups, particularly the Taliban and militants from the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS), al-Qa’ida, and Haqqani Network terrorist groups (see the Terrorist Organizations Appendix); the primary threat to the Afghan Government and its security forces is the Taliban, which has conducted an insurgency since the early 2000s and conducted thousands of attacks against government forces, including widespread assassinations of government employees, security officials, and society leaders; the Taliban calls itself the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan; its political and military decisions are made by a leadership council (Rahbari Shura) currently led by HAIBATULLAH Akhundzada; as of mid-2020, the group had an estimated 60-80,000 full-time fighters; in addition to their strongholds in the provinces of Helmond and Kandahar, the Taliban has conducted attacks in nearly every Afghanistan province; the Taliban has close ties to al-Qaida and the Haqqani Network


" } }, "Terrorism": { @@ -1158,7 +1158,7 @@ "text": "72,191 (Pakistan) (2019)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "2.993 million (mostly Pashtuns and Kuchis displaced in the south and west due to natural disasters and political instability) (2019)" + "text": "3.547 million (mostly Pashtuns and Kuchis displaced in the south and west due to natural disasters and political instability) (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/south-asia/bg.json b/south-asia/bg.json index ed8f32b0..2a8e422a 100644 --- a/south-asia/bg.json +++ b/south-asia/bg.json @@ -1188,7 +1188,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "information on the size of the Bangladesh Defense Force vary; approximately 165,000 total active personnel (135,000 Army; 15,000 Navy; 15,000 Air Force) (2020)" + "text": "information on the size of the Bangladesh Defense Force varies; approximately 165,000 total active personnel (135,000 Army; 15,000 Navy; 15,000 Air Force) (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Bangladesh Defense Force inventory is comprised of mostly Chinese and Russian equipment; since 2010, China is the leading supplier of arms to Bangladesh; Bangladesh is currently undertaking a significant defense modernization program, with a focus on naval acquisitions (2020)" @@ -1218,7 +1218,10 @@ "text": "884,041 (Burma) (2021) (includes an estimated 733,343 Rohingya refugees who have fled conflict since 25 August 2017)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "427,000 (conflict, development, human rights violations, religious persecution, natural disasters) (2019)" + "text": "427,000 (conflict, development, human rights violations, religious persecution, natural disasters) (2020)" + }, + "stateless persons": { + "text": "866,457 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/south-asia/ce.json b/south-asia/ce.json index 1b5e84b9..3befed16 100644 --- a/south-asia/ce.json +++ b/south-asia/ce.json @@ -568,7 +568,7 @@ }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { - "text": "unicameral Parliament (225 seats; 196 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote using a preferential method in which voters select 3 candidates in order of preference; remaining 29 seats allocated to other political parties and groups in proportion to share of national vote; members serve 5-year terms)" + "text": "unicameral Parliament (225 seats; 196 members directly elected in multi-seat district constituencies by proportional representation vote using a preferential method in which voters select 3 candidates in order of preference; remaining 29 seats, referred to as the \"national list\" are allocated by each party secretary according the the island wide proportional vote the party obtains; members serve 5-year terms)" }, "elections": { "text": "last held on 17 August 2015 (next originally scheduled for 25 April 2020 but postponed to due to the COVID-19 pandemic)" @@ -1186,7 +1186,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "IDPs": { - "text": "27,000 (civil war; more than half displaced prior to 2008; many of the more than 480,000 IDPs registered as returnees have not reached durable solutions) (2019)" + "text": "27,000 (civil war; more than half displaced prior to 2008; many of the more than 480,000 IDPs registered as returnees have not reached durable solutions) (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/south-asia/in.json b/south-asia/in.json index 85e25344..c9d1af39 100644 --- a/south-asia/in.json +++ b/south-asia/in.json @@ -1198,7 +1198,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "assessments of the size of the Indian Armed Forces vary; approximately 1.45 million active personnel (est. 1.25 million Army; 65,000 Navy; 140,000 Air Force; 11,000 Coast Guard) (2020)" + "text": "information on the size of the Indian Armed Forces varies; approximately 1.45 million active personnel (est. 1.25 million Army; 65,000 Navy; 140,000 Air Force; 12,000 Coast Guard) (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the inventory of the Indian Armed Forces consists mostly of Russian-origin equipment, along with a smaller mix of Western and domestically-produced arms; since 2010, Russia is the leading supplier of arms to India; other major suppliers include France, Israel, the UK, and the US; India's defense industry is capable of producing a range of air, land, missile, and naval weapons systems for both indigenous use and export (2020)" @@ -1225,10 +1225,10 @@ "text": "108,008 (Tibet/China), 59,428 (Sri Lanka), 18,813 (Burma), 7,470 (Afghanistan) (2019)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "470,000 (armed conflict and intercommunal violence) (2019)" + "text": "473,000 (armed conflict and intercommunal violence) (2020)" }, "stateless persons": { - "text": "17,730 (2019)" + "text": "18,174 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/south-asia/np.json b/south-asia/np.json index f0558b50..17f3a57c 100644 --- a/south-asia/np.json +++ b/south-asia/np.json @@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ "text": "President Bidhya Devi BHANDARI (since October 2015)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister Khadga Prasad (KP) Sharma OLI (since 15 February 2018); deputy prime ministers Ishwar POKHREL, Upendra YADAV (since 1 June 2018) (an)" + "text": "Prime Minister Sher Bahadur DEUBA (since 13 July 2021); deputy prime ministers Ishwar POKHREL, Upendra YADAV (since 1 June 2018) (an)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister; cabinet dominated by the Nepal Communist Party" @@ -553,10 +553,10 @@ }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { - "text": "bicameral Federal Parliament consists of:
National Assembly (59 seats; 56 members, including at least 3 women, 1 Dalit, 1 member with disabilities, or 1 minority indirectly elected by an electoral college of state and municipal government leaders, and 3 members, including 1 woman, nominated by the president of Nepal on the recommendation of the government; members serve 6-year terms with renewal of one-third of the membership every 2 years)
House of Representatives (275 seats; 165 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 110 members directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by closed-list proportional representation vote, with a threshold of 3% overall valid vote to be allocated a seat; members serve 5-year terms)" + "text": "bicameral Federal Parliament consists of:
National Assembly (59 seats; 56 members, including at least 3 women, 1 Dalit, 1 member with disabilities, or 1 minority indirectly elected by an electoral college of state and municipal government leaders, and 3 members, including 1 woman, nominated by the president of Nepal on the recommendation of the government; members serve 6-year terms with renewal of one-third of the membership every 2 years)
House of Representatives (275 seats; 165 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 110 members directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by closed-list proportional representation vote, with a threshold of 3% overall valid vote to be allocated a seat; members serve 5-year terms); note - the House of Representatives was dissolved on 22 May 2021, but on 13 July, the Supreme Court directed its reinstatement" }, "elections": { - "text": "
first election for the National Assembly held on 7 February 2018 (next to be held in 2024)
first election for House of Representatives held on 26 November and 7 December 2017 (next - snap election - to be held on 30 April and 10 May 2021)" + "text": "
first election for the National Assembly held on 7 February 2018 (next to be held in 2024)
first election for House of Representatives held on 26 November and 7 December 2017 (next scheduled for 12, 19 November 2021)" }, "election results": { "text": "
National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NCP 42, NC 13, FSFN 2, RJPN 2; composition - men 37, women 22, percent of women 37.3%
House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NCP 174, NC 63, RJPN 17, FSFN 16, other 4, independent 1; composition - men 185, women 90, percent of women 32.7%; note - total Federal Parliament percent of women 33.5%" diff --git a/south-asia/pk.json b/south-asia/pk.json index 97866b21..7c36b796 100644 --- a/south-asia/pk.json +++ b/south-asia/pk.json @@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ "text": "Punjabi 48%, Sindhi 12%, Saraiki (a Punjabi variant) 10%, Pashto (alternate name, Pashtu) 8%, Urdu (official) 8%, Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%, Brahui 1%, English (official; lingua franca of Pakistani elite and most government ministries), Burushaski, and other 8%" }, "Religions": { - "text": "Muslim (official) 96.4% (Sunni 85-90%, Shia 10-15%), other (includes Christian and Hindu) 3.6% (2010 est.)" + "text": "Muslim (official) 96.5% (Sunni 85-90%, Shia 10-15%), other (includes Christian and Hindu) 3.5% (2020 est.)" }, "Age structure": { "0-14 years": { @@ -578,13 +578,13 @@ }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { - "text": "bicameral Parliament or Majlis-e-Shoora consists of:
Senate (104 seats; members indirectly elected by the 4 provincial assemblies and the territories' representatives by proportional representation vote; members serve 6-year terms with one-half of the membership renewed every 3 years); note - the byelection scheduled for 15 April 2020 has been postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic
National Assembly (342 seats; 272 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 70 members - 60 women and 10 non-Muslims - directly elected by proportional representation vote; all members serve 5-year terms)" + "text": "bicameral Parliament or Majlis-e-Shoora consists of:
Senate (100 seats; members indirectly elected by the 4 provincial assemblies and the territories' representatives by proportional representation vote; members serve 6-year terms with one-half of the membership renewed every 3 years)
National Assembly (342 seats; 272 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 70 members - 60 women and 10 non-Muslims - directly elected by proportional representation vote; all members serve 5-year terms)" }, "elections": { - "text": "
Senate - last held on 3 March 2018 (next to be held in March 2021)
National Assembly - last held on 25 July 2018 (next to be held on 25 July 2023)" + "text": "
Senate - bye-election held on 3 March 2021 (next to be held in March 2024)
National Assembly - last held on 25 July 2018 (next to be held on 25 July 2023)" }, "election results": { - "text": "
Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party as of December 2019  - PPP 19, PML-N 16,  PTI 14, MQM-P 5, JUI-F 4, BAP 2, JI 2, PkMAP 2, ANP 1, BNP 1, PML-F 1, other 7, independent 30

National Assembly - percent of votes by party NA; seats by party as of December 2019 - PTI 156, PML-N 84, PPP 55, MMA 16, MQM-P 7, BAP 5, PML-Q 5, BNP 4, GDA 3, AML 1, ANP 1, JWP 1, independent 4" + "text": "
Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PTI 25, PPP 21, PML-N 18, BAP 13, JU-F 5, other 13, independent 5; composition - men 80, women 20, percent of women 20%

National Assembly - percent of votes by party NA; seats by party as of December 2019 - PTI 156, PML-N 84, PPP 55, MMA 16, MQM-P 7, BAP 5, PML-Q 5, BNP 4, GDA 3, AML 1, ANP 1, JWP 1, independent 4; composition - men 273, women 69, percent of women 20.2%; note - total Parliament percent of women 20.1%" } }, "Judicial branch": { @@ -599,7 +599,7 @@ } }, "Political parties and leaders": { - "text": "Awami National Party or ANP [Asfandyar Wali KHAN]
Awami Muslim League or AML [Sheikh Rashid AHMED]
Balochistan National Party-Awami or BNP-A [Mir Israr Ullah ZEHRI]
Balochistan National Party-Mengal or BNP-M [Sardar Akhtar Jan MENGAL]
Grand Democratic Alliance or GDA (alliance of several parties)
Jamhoori Wattan Party or JWP [Shahzain BUGTI]
Jamaat-i Islami or JI [Sirajul HAQ]
Jamiat-i Ulema-i Islam Fazl-ur Rehman or JUI-F [Fazlur REHMAN]
Muttahida Quami Movement-London or MQM-L [Altaf HUSSAIN] (MQM split into two factions in 2016)
Muttahida Quami Movement-Pakistan or MQM-P [Dr. Khalid Maqbool SIDDIQUI] (MQM split into two factions in 2016)
Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal or MMA [Fazl-ur- REHMAN] (alliance of several parties)
National Party or NP [Mir Hasil Khan BIZENJO]
Pakhtunkhwa Milli Awami Party or PMAP or PkMAP [Mahmood Khan ACHAKZAI]
Pakistan Muslim League-Functional or PML-F [Pir PAGARO or Syed Shah Mardan SHAH-II]
Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz or PML-N [Shehbaz SHARIF]
Pakistan Muslim League – Quaid-e-Azam Group or PML-Q [Chaudhry Shujaat HUSSAIN]
Pakistan Peoples Party or PPP [Bilawal BHUTTO ZARDARI, Asif Ali ZARDARI]
Pakistan Tehrik-e Insaaf or PTI (Pakistan Movement for Justice) [Imran KHAN]Pak Sarzameen Party or PSP [Mustafa KAMAL]
Quami Watan Party or QWP [Aftab Ahmed Khan SHERPAO]

note: political alliances in Pakistan shift frequently", + "text": "Awami National Party or ANP [Asfandyar Wali KHAN]
Awami Muslim League or AML [Sheikh Rashid AHMED]
Balochistan Awami Party or BAP [Jam Kamal KHAN]
Balochistan National Party-Awami or BNP-A [Mir Israr Ullah ZEHRI]
Balochistan National Party-Mengal or BNP-M [Sardar Akhtar Jan MENGAL]
Grand Democratic Alliance or GDA (alliance of several parties)
Jamhoori Wattan Party or JWP [Shahzain BUGTI]
Jamaat-i Islami or JI [Sirajul HAQ]
Jamiat-i Ulema-i Islam Fazl-ur Rehman or JUI-F [Fazlur REHMAN]
Muttahida Quami Movement-London or MQM-L [Altaf HUSSAIN] (MQM split into two factions in 2016)
Muttahida Quami Movement-Pakistan or MQM-P [Dr. Khalid Maqbool SIDDIQUI] (MQM split into two factions in 2016)
Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal or MMA [Fazl-ur- REHMAN] (alliance of several parties)
National Party or NP [Mir Hasil Khan BIZENJO]
Pakhtunkhwa Milli Awami Party or PMAP or PkMAP [Mahmood Khan ACHAKZAI]
Pakistan Muslim League-Functional or PML-F [Pir PAGARO or Syed Shah Mardan SHAH-II]
Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz or PML-N [Shehbaz SHARIF]
Pakistan Muslim League – Quaid-e-Azam Group or PML-Q [Chaudhry Shujaat HUSSAIN]
Pakistan Peoples Party or PPP [Bilawal BHUTTO ZARDARI, Asif Ali ZARDARI]
Pakistan Tehrik-e Insaaf or PTI (Pakistan Movement for Justice) [Imran KHAN]Pak Sarzameen Party or PSP [Mustafa KAMAL]
Quami Watan Party or QWP [Aftab Ahmed Khan SHERPAO]

note: political alliances in Pakistan shift frequently", "note": "note: political alliances in Pakistan shift frequently" }, "International organization participation": { @@ -1232,7 +1232,7 @@ "text": "2.58-2.68 million (1.4 million registered, 1.18-1.28 million undocumented) (Afghanistan) (2017)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "106,000 (primarily those who remain displaced by counter-terrorism and counter-insurgency operations and violent conflict between armed non-state groups in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas and Khyber-Paktunkwa Province; more than 1 million displaced in northern Waziristan in 2014; individuals also have been displaced by repeated monsoon floods) (2019)" + "text": "104,000 (primarily those who remain displaced by counter-terrorism and counter-insurgency operations and violent conflict between armed non-state groups in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas and Khyber-Paktunkwa Province; more than 1 million displaced in northern Waziristan in 2014; individuals also have been displaced by repeated monsoon floods) (2020)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/world/xx.json b/world/xx.json index 5e4fefc3..e80488f0 100644 --- a/world/xx.json +++ b/world/xx.json @@ -764,7 +764,7 @@ "text": "

stretching over 250,000 km, the world's 325 international land boundaries separate 195 independent states and 70 dependencies, areas of special sovereignty, and other miscellaneous entities; ethnicity, culture, race, religion, and language have divided states into separate political entities as much as history, physical terrain, political fiat, or conquest, resulting in sometimes arbitrary and imposed boundaries; most maritime states have claimed limits that include territorial seas and exclusive economic zones; overlapping limits due to adjacent or opposite coasts create the potential for 430 bilateral maritime boundaries of which 209 have agreements that include contiguous and non-contiguous segments; boundary, borderland/resource, and territorial disputes vary in intensity from managed or dormant to violent or militarized; undemarcated, indefinite, porous, and unmanaged boundaries tend to encourage illegal cross-border activities, uncontrolled migration, and confrontation; territorial disputes may evolve from historical and/or cultural claims, or they may be brought on by resource competition; ethnic and cultural clashes continue to be responsible for much of the territorial fragmentation and internal displacement of the estimated 45.7 million people and cross-border displacements of approximately 30.2 million refugees and asylum seekers around the world as of yearend 2019; approximately 317,200 refugees were repatriated during 2019; other sources of contention include access to water and mineral (especially hydrocarbon) resources, fisheries, and arable land; armed conflict prevails not so much between the uniformed armed forces of independent states as between stateless armed entities that detract from the sustenance and welfare of local populations, leaving the community of nations to cope with resultant refugees, hunger, disease, impoverishment, and environmental degradation

" }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { - "text": "

the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) estimated that as of mid-year 2020 there were 80 million people forcibly displaced worldwide; this includes 45.7 million conflict IDPs, 26.3 million refugees, 4.2 million asylum seekers, and 3.6 million Venezuelans displaced abroad; the UNHCR estimates there are currently at least 10 million stateless persons

" + "text": "

the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) estimated that as of year-end 2020 there were 82.4 million people forcibly displaced worldwide; this includes 48 million conflict IDPs, 26.4 million refugees, 4.1 million asylum seekers, and 3.9 million Venezuelans displaced abroad; the UNHCR estimates there are currently at least 10 million stateless persons

" }, "Trafficking in persons": { "current situation": {