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africa/et.json
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@ -111,9 +111,6 @@
},
"Geography - note": {
"text": "<strong>note 1:</strong> landlocked - entire coastline along the Red Sea was lost with the de jure independence of Eritrea on 24 May 1993; Ethiopia is, therefore, the most populous landlocked country in the world; the Blue Nile, the chief headstream of the Nile by water volume, rises in T'ana Hayk (Lake Tana) in northwest Ethiopia<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> three major crops may have originated in Ethiopia: coffee (almost certainly), grain sorghum, and castor bean"
},
"Map description": {
"text": "<p>Ethiopia map showing major cities as well as parts of surrounding countries.</p>"
}
},
"People and Society": {
@ -239,7 +236,7 @@
},
"Mother's mean age at first birth": {
"text": "19.3 years (2019 est.)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> median age at first birth among women 20-49"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represents median age at first birth among women 20-49"
},
"Maternal mortality ratio": {
"text": "401 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)"
@ -675,7 +672,7 @@
"note": "<strong>notes:</strong> House of Federation is responsible for interpreting the constitution and federal-regional issues and the House of People's Representatives is responsible for passing legislation; percent of vote percentages are calculated on the number of members actually seated versus on the constitutional maximums"
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"highest court(s)": {
"text": "Federal Supreme Court (consists of 11 judges); note - the House of Federation has jurisdiction for all constitutional issues"
},
"judge selection and term of office": {
@ -1168,7 +1165,7 @@
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "the slow process to open up Ethiopia&rsquo;s telecom market was completed with the licensing of the Safaricom-led Global Partnership for Ethiopia consortium; the country had been one of the last in Africa to allow its national telco a monopoly on all telecom services including fixed, mobile, internet and data communications; this has stifled innovation, restricted network expansion, and limited the scope of services on offer; the consortium was in some respects a proxy for the wider influence over Ethiopia&rsquo;s telecom sector between the interests of the US and China; only one of the two licenses on offer was secured, with uncertainty as to the timetable for issuing the second license; the government in mid-2021 began the process of selling a 45% stake in the incumbent telco Ethio Telecom; the World Bank in early 2021 provided a $200 million loan to help develop the country&rsquo;s digital transformation, while the government has embarked on its 2020-2030 program as well as its Digital Ethiopia 2025 strategy, both aimed at making better use of digital technologies to promote socioeconomic development; the country&rsquo;s mobile platform has mostly been provided by ZTE and Huawei, which have offered vendor financing; Ethio Telecom has placed the expansion of LTE services as a cornerstone of its investment program to 2022; the new licensee has been barred from contracting Chinese vendors, thus opening the door to western vendors. (2021)"
"text": "the slow process to open up Ethiopia&rsquo;s telecom market was completed with the licensing of the Safaricom-led Global Partnership for Ethiopia consortium; the country had been one of the last in Africa to allow its national telco a monopoly on all telecom services including fixed, mobile, internet and data communications; this has stifled innovation, restricted network expansion, and limited the scope of services on offer; the consortium was in some respects a proxy for the wider influence over Ethiopia&rsquo;s telecom sector between the interests of the US and China; only one of the two licenses on offer was secured, with uncertainty as to the timetable for issuing the second license; the government in mid-2021 began the process of selling a 45% stake in the incumbent telco Ethio Telecom; the World Bank in early 2021 provided a $200 million loan to help develop the country&rsquo;s digital transformation, while the government has embarked on its 2020-2030 program as well as its Digital Ethiopia 2025 strategy, both aimed at making better use of digital technologies to promote socioeconomic development; the country&rsquo;s mobile platform has mostly been provided by ZTE and Huawei, which have offered vendor financing (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line subscriptions at about 1 per 100 while mobile-cellular stands at a little over 37 per 100; the number of mobile telephones is increasing steadily (2019)"