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africa/ag.json
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@ -589,7 +589,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a law banning political parties based on religion was enacted in March 1997"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, BIS, CAEU, CD, FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC, OSCE (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNITAR, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)"
"text": "ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, BIS, CAEU, CD, FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC, OSCE (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNITAR, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

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africa/ao.json
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@ -590,7 +590,7 @@
"text": "Broad Convergence for the Salvation of Angola Electoral Coalition or CASA-CE [Manuel FERNANDES]<br>National Front for the Liberation of Angola or FNLA; note - party has two factions; one led by Lucas NGONDA; the other by Ngola KABANGU<br>National Union for the Total Independence of Angola or UNITA [Adalberto Costa JUNIOR] (largest opposition party)<br>Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola or MPLA [Joao LOURENCO]; note- ruling party in power since 1975<br>Social Renewal Party or PRS [Benedito DANIEL]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, CEMAC, CPLP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OPEC, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMISS, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, CEMAC, CPLP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OPEC, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMISS, Union Latina, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1232,7 +1232,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 101,000 active troops (95,000 Army; 1,000 Navy; 5,000 Air Force); estimated 10,000 Rapid Reaction Police (2022)"
"text": "approximately 100,000 active troops (mostly Army; 5-6,000 Air Force and Navy); estimated 10,000 Rapid Reaction Police (2023)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "most Angolan military weapons and equipment are of Russian or of Soviet-era origin; in recent years, Russia has been the principal supplier of military hardware to Angola (2023)"
@ -1244,7 +1244,7 @@
"text": "in 2023, Angola agreed to send 500 troops to the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) for 12 months as part of an African regional force to assist with security in the eastern part of the country where the DRC military is combating a rebel group known as M23"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Angolan Armed Forces were created in 1991 under the Bicesse Accords signed between the Angolan Government and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA); the current force is responsible for country&rsquo;s external defense but also has some domestic security responsibilities, including border protection, expulsion of irregular migrants, and small-scale counterinsurgency operations against groups like the Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda separatists in Cabinda; the Army is one of the largest in the region with 6 infantry divisions spread amongst 6 military regions; it is also one of the better equipped, with a significant portion of its units being motorized and supported by approximately 300 Soviet-era tanks, largely acquired in the 1980s and 1990s; the Air Force is also one of the largest and best equipped in the region with a fleet of approximately 100 combat aircraft, plus a substantial inventory of transport aircraft and helicopter gunships; while naval modernization has received more attention in recent years, the Navy remains a small force of fast attack and coastal patrol craft (2023)"
"text": "the Angolan Armed Forces were created in 1991 under the Bicesse Accords signed between the Angolan Government and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA); the current force is responsible for country&rsquo;s external defense but also has some domestic security responsibilities, including border protection, expulsion of irregular migrants, and small-scale counterinsurgency operations against groups like the Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda separatists in Cabinda; the Army is one of the largest in the region with six infantry divisions spread amongst six military regions; it is also one of the better equipped, with a significant portion of its units being motorized and supported by approximately 300 Soviet-era tanks, largely acquired in the 1980s and 1990s; the Air Force is also one of the largest and best equipped in the region with a fleet of approximately 100 combat aircraft, plus a substantial inventory of transport aircraft and helicopter gunships; while naval modernization has received more attention in recent years, the Navy remains a small force of fast attack and coastal patrol craft (2023)"
},
"Maritime threats": {
"text": "the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial waters of Angola are a risk for armed robbery against ships; in 2022, five attacks against commercial vessels were reported, an increase from the four attacks in 2021; most of these occurred in the main port of Luanda while ships were berthed or at anchor"

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africa/bn.json
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@ -613,7 +613,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> approximately 20 additional minor parties"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, CD, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, MNJTF, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, CD, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, MNJTF, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1223,7 +1223,7 @@
"text": "18-35 years of age for voluntary and selective compulsory military service for men and women; a higher education diploma is required; conscript service is 18 months (2023)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "260 (plus about 160 police) Mali (MINUSMA) (May 2022)"
"text": "250 Mali (MINUSMA) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "a key focus for the security forces of Benin is countering infiltrations into the country by terrorist groups tied to al-Qa'ida and the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) operating just over the border from northern Benin in Burkina Faso and Niger; in May 2022, the Benin Government said it was \"at war\" after suffering a series of attacks from these groups; later that same year, President TALON said his government would spend more than $130 million to recruit up to 4,000 additional military personnel, modernize military equipment, and build and fortify operating bases; in addition, the FAB participates in the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) along with Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria against Boko Haram and ISIS-West Africa in the general area of the Lake Chad Basin and along Nigeria's northeastern border <br><br>the FAB has a close working relationship with the Belgian armed forces; the Belgians offer military advice, training, and second-hand equipment donations, and deploy to Benin for limited military exercises (2023)"

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africa/by.json
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@ -1185,7 +1185,7 @@
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service (2022)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "760 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 5,400 Somalia (ATMIS) (2022)"
"text": "750 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); more than 3,000 in Somalia (ATMIS; note - foreign troop contingents under ATMIS are drawing down towards a final exit in December 2024) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the FDNB is responsible for defending Burundi’s territorial integrity and protecting its sovereignty; it has an internal security role, including maintaining and restoring public order if required; the FDNB also participates in providing humanitarian/disaster assistance, countering terrorism, narcotics trafficking, piracy, and illegal arms trade, and protecting the country’s environment; the FDNB conducts limited training with foreign partners such as Russia and participates in regional peacekeeping missions, most recently in the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Somalia; these missions have provided the force some operational experience and funding; in recent years the FDNB has conducted operations against anti-government rebel groups based in the neighboring Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) that have carried out sporadic attacks in Burundi, such as the such as National Forces of Liberation (FNL), the Resistance for the Rule of Law-Tabara (aka RED Tabara), and Popular Forces of Burundi (FPB or FOREBU)<br><br>the Land Force’s primary units are 4 regionally based divisions which are comprised mostly of light infantry complemented by a few battalions of artillery, light armored forces, and commandos; the FDNB also has a separate special security brigade for protecting key facilities; the Air Force is lightly equipped with a handful of combat helicopters, while the Naval Force has a few patrol boats for monitoring Burundi’s 175-km shoreline on Lake Tanganyika<br><br>the Arusha Agreement that ended the 1993-2005 created a unified military by balancing the predominantly Tutsi ex-Burundi Armed Forces (ex-FAB) and the largely Hutu dominated armed movements and requiring the military to have a 50/50 ethnic mix of Tutsis and Hutus (2023)"
@ -1197,7 +1197,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "86,673 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2023)"
"text": "86,230 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2023)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "84,791 (some ethnic Tutsis remain displaced from intercommunal violence that broke out after the 1993 coup and fighting between government forces and rebel groups; violence since April 2015) (2022)"

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africa/cd.json
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> on 5 October 2021, Interim President Mahamat Idriss DEBY appointed 93 members to the interim National Transitional Council (NTC); 30% of the NTC members were retained from parties previously represented in the National Assembly"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, EITI (compliant country), FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LCBC, MIGA, MINUSMA, MNJTF, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, EITI (compliant country), FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LCBC, MIGA, MINUSMA, MNJTF, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1182,7 +1182,7 @@
"text": "20 is the legal minimum age for compulsory military service for men with an 18-36 month service obligation (information varies); women are subject to 12 months of compulsory military or civic service at age 21; 18-35 for voluntary service; soldiers released from active duty are in the reserves until the age of 50 (2023)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "1,450 Mali (MINUSMA) (May 2022)",
"text": "1,425 Mali (MINUSMA) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> Chad has committed approximately 1,000-1,500 troops to the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) against Boko Haram and other terrorist groups operating in the general area of the Lake Chad Basin and along Nigeria's northeast border; national MNJTF troop contingents are deployed within their own territories, although cross‐border operations are conducted periodically; in 2019, Chad sent more than 1,000 troops to Nigeria’s Borno State to fight Boko Haram as part of the MNJTF mission<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>Chad is also part of a four (formerly five)-nation anti-jihadist task force known as the G4 Sahel Group, set up in 2014 with Chad, Mali (withdrew in 2022), Mauritania, and Niger; it has committed 550 troops and 100 gendarmes to the force; as of 2020, defense forces from each of the participating states were allowed to pursue terrorist fighters up to 100 km into neighboring countries; the force is backed by France, the UN, and the US"
},
"Military - note": {
@ -1201,7 +1201,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "192,473 (Sudan) (includes refugees since 15 April 2023), 127,934 (Central African Republic), 26,552 (Cameroon), 20,974 (Nigeria) (2023)"
"text": "192,473 (Sudan) (includes refugees since 15 April 2023), 128,060 (Central African Republic), 26,552 (Cameroon), 21,053 (Nigeria) (2023)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "381,289 (majority are in the east) (2023)"

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africa/cf.json
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@ -1263,11 +1263,19 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "30,204 (Central African Republic), 22,413 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers)(2023)"
"text": "30,290 (Central African Republic), 27,476 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers)(2023)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "159,830 (multiple civil wars since 1992) (2022)"
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; The Republic of the Congo does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; the government trained law enforcement officials on the anti-trafficking law and issued six decrees to protect Indigenous People from trafficking; however, officials did not demonstrate overall increasing efforts, compared with the previous reporting period, on its anti-trafficking capacity; &nbsp;no investigations, prosecutions, or convictions of traffickers occurred; no reports identified victims for the third consecutive year; the government did not take any proactive measures to address alleged official complicity in trafficking, and the lack of a national anti-trafficking task force hindered overall efforts; therefore, the Republic of the Congo was downgraded to Tier 2 Watch List (2023)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in the Republic of the Congo, and victims from the Republic of the Congo are exploited abroad; forced labor of adults and children is the primary type of trafficking, predominantly in the agricultural sector; most victims originate from Benin and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and to a lesser extent from Gabon and other neighboring countries; children, primarily from West Africa, are exploited in domestic servitude in cities; fraudulent employment agents in Benin, the Central African Republic, the DRC, and Gabon recruit victims who are exploited in the Republic of the Congo; foreign business owners and Congolese exploit most foreign victims in forced domestic service, market vending, and the fishing sector; some hotel owners and criminals exploit adults and children, mostly from the DRC, in sex trafficking; some parents, mostly in West African countries, send their children to the Republic of the Congo expecting the child will send remittances or receive an education, but traffickers exploit the children in sex trafficking or forced labor; internal trafficking primarily involves recruitment from remote rural areas for exploitation in cities; refugees and Indigenous Populations are particularly vulnerable; traffickers, including some from the majority Bantu community, exploit Indigenous people in forced agricultural labor; the majority of internal victims are from the Indigenous population (2023)"
}
}
}
}

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africa/cm.json
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"text": "Alliance for Democracy and Development [Marcel YONDO]<br>Cameroon People's Democratic Movement or CPDM [Paul BIYA]<br>Cameroon People's Party or CPP [Edith Kah WALLA]<br>Cameroon Renaissance Movement or MRC [Maurice KAMTO]<br>Cameroonian Democratic Union or UDC [Adamou Ndam NJOYA]<br>Cameroonian Party for National Reconciliation or PCRN [Cabral LIBII]<br>Front for the National Salvation of Cameroon or FSNC [Issa Tchiroma BAKARY]<br>Movement for the Defense of the Republic or MDR [Dakole DAISSALA]<br>Movement for the Liberation and Development of Cameroon or MLDC [Marcel YONDO]<br>National Union for Democracy and Progress or UNDP [Maigari BELLO BOUBA]<br>Progressive Movement or MP [Jean-Jacques EKINDI]<br>Social Democratic Front or SDF [John FRU NDI]<br>Union of Peoples of Cameroon or UPC [Provisionary Management Bureau] [Cecil ODHIAMBO] <br>Union of Socialist Movements NA"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, C, CEMAC, EITI (compliant country), FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LCBC, MIGA, MNJTF, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, C, CEMAC, EITI (compliant country), FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LCBC, MIGA, MNJTF, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1298,7 +1298,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "350,428 (Central African Republic), 116,183 (Nigeria) (2023)"
"text": "351,090 (Central African Republic), 116,706 (Nigeria) (2023)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "1.01 million (2023) (includes far north, northwest, and southwest)"

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africa/dj.json
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@ -1161,7 +1161,7 @@
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; 16-25 years of age for voluntary military training; no conscription (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "960 Somalia (ATMIS) (2022)"
"text": "approximately 960 Somalia (ATMIS; note - ATMIS troop contingents are drawing down towards a final exit in December 2024); Djibouti has about 200 police deployed to the Central African Republic under MINUSCA (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Djibouti's military forces are largely focused on border, coastal, and internal security duties, including counterterrorism; China, France, Italy, Japan, and the US maintain bases in Djibouti for regional military missions, including counter-terrorism, counter-piracy, crisis response, and security assistance (note &ndash; France has multiple bases and hosts troop contingents from Germany and Spain); the EU and NATO also maintain a presence to support multinational naval counter-piracy operations and maritime training efforts (2023)"

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africa/eg.json
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@ -619,7 +619,7 @@
"text": "Al-Nour [Yunis MAKHYUN]<br>Arab Democratic Nasserist Party [El Etehad el Masri el ARABI]<br>Congress Party [Omar Al-Mokhtar SEMIDA]<br>Conservative Party [El Mohafezin]<br>Democratic Peace Party [Ahmed FADALY]<br>Egyptian National Movement Party [Gen. Raouf EL SAYED]<br>Egyptian Social Democratic Party [Farid ZAHRAN]<br>El Ghad Party [Moussa Mostafa MOUSSA]<br>El Serh El Masry el Hor [Tarek Ahmed Abbas NADIM]<br>Eradet Geel Party [Tayseer MATAR]<br>Free Egyptians Party [Essam KHALIL]<br>Freedom Party [Mamdouuh HASSAN]<br>Justice Party<br>Homeland’s Protector Party [Lt. Gen. (retired) Galal AL-HARIDI]<br>Modern Egypt Party [Nabil DEIBIS]<br>My Homeland Egypt Party [Gen. Seif El Islam ABDEL BARY ]<br>Nation's Future Party (Mostaqbal Watan) [Abdel Wahab Abdel RAZEQ]<br>National Progressive Unionist (Tagammu) Party [Sayed Abdel AAL]<br>Reform and Development Party [Mohamad Anwar al-SADAT]<br>Republican People’s Party [Hazim AMR]<br>Revolutionary Guards Party [Magdy EL-SHARIF]<br>Wafd Party [Abdel Sanad YAMAMA]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AU, BSEC (observer), CAEU, CD, CICA, COMESA, D-8, EBRD, FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, LCBC (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OSCE (partner), PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AU, BSEC (observer), CAEU, CD, CICA, COMESA, D-8, EBRD, FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, LCBC (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OSCE (partner), PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1296,7 +1296,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> conscripts are estimated to comprise over half of the military, as well as a considerable portion of the Central Security Force"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "1,000 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 1,075 Mali (MINUSMA) (May 2022)"
"text": "1,000 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 1,075 Mali (MINUSMA) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Egyptian Armed Forces (EAF) are responsible for external defense but also have an internal role assisting police and paramilitary security forces during emergencies and in anti-terrorism operations; the EAF also participates in foreign peacekeeping and other security missions, as well as both bilateral and multinational exercises; the military has considerable political power and independence; it has long had a crucial role in Egypt’s politics and has a large stake in the civilian economy, including running banks, businesses, gas stations, shipping lines, and utilities, and producing consumer and industrial goods, importing commodities, and building and managing infrastructure projects, such as bridges, roads, hospitals, and housing; the various enterprises are reportedly profitable enough to make the armed forces largely self-funded<br><br>key areas of concern for the EAF include Islamic militant groups operating out of the Sinai Peninsula, regional challenges such as instability in Libya and Yemen, and maritime security; since 2011, the EAF has been conducting operations alongside other security forces in the North Sinai governorate against several militant groups, particularly the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham; since 2014, it has deployed large numbers of troops along its border with Libya and provided air support to the Saudi-led coalition operating in Yemen; the Navy in recent years has sought to modernize and expand its capabilities and profile in the Eastern Mediterranean and Red Sea, including the acquisition of helicopter carriers, modern frigates, and attack submarines; in 2020, the EAF inaugurated a large joint service military base on the Red Sea to secure the country’s southern coasts, protect economic investments and natural resources, and confront security challenges in the Red Sea region<br><br>the EAF is the largest and one of the best equipped militaries in the region; the Army’s primary combat forces include approximately 13 divisions, which are mostly armored or mechanized, complemented by some independent armored and infantry brigades; the EAF has approximately 5,000 artillery systems, plus surface-to-surface missile forces and a large special operations command, which includes airborne, airmobile, commando, special forces, and other specialized units; the Navy’s principal warships are approximately 20 frigates and corvettes, 8 attack submarines, and 2 French-built helicopter-capable amphibious assault ships (LHDs); the Air Force has more than 300 French-, Russian-, and US-made fighter and multipurpose fighter aircraft, as well as nearly 100 US- and Russian-produced attack helicopters<br><br>Egypt is a major security partner of the US and one of the largest recipients of US military aid in the region; it also has Major Non-NATO Ally status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation<br><br>the Multinational Force &amp; Observers (MFO) has operated in the Sinai since 1982 as a peacekeeping and monitoring force to supervise the implementation of the security provisions of the 1979 Egyptian-Israeli Treaty of Peace; the MFO is an independent international organization, created by agreement between Egypt and Israel; ait is composed of about 1,150 troops from 13 countries; Colombia, Fiji, and the US are the leading providers of troops to the MFO (2023)"
@ -1332,6 +1332,14 @@
"text": "10 (2022)"
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; Egypt does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; efforts included approving a new national strategy to combat trafficking, increasing convictions of traffickers, more than doubling the training of officials and partners, and issuing presidential directives to improve public awareness and protection; however, the government did not demonstrate overall increasing efforts, compared with the previous reporting period, to expand its anti-trafficking capacity; officials identified the fewest victims since 2019 and investigations decreased; the government pursued trafficking charges to prosecute some non-trafficking offenses, undercutting efforts to hold traffickers criminally accountable; officials continued to penalize victims for unlawful acts committed as a direct result of being trafficked; despite high risks for foreign nationals in Egypt, non-Egyptian victims are rarely identified; victim services and shelter remained insufficient and relied on international organizations and NGOs to provide some services, especially for men and foreign victims; for the third consecutive year, the government did not approve a draft law to expand labor protections to domestic workers; therefore, Egypt was downgraded to Tier 2 Watch List (2023)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Egypt, and Egyptians are exploited abroad; Egyptian children are subjected to sex trafficking and domestic service, street begging, drug trafficking, quarrying, and agricultural work in Egypt; traffickers, and some parents, force children, including Egyptian and Syrian children, to beg in the streets or exploit girls in sex trafficking; parents, husbands, and siblings subject women and girls to sex trafficking or forced domestic service to supplement family incomes; child sex tourism occurs primarily in Giza and Cairo, where individuals from the Arabian Gulf, including Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE, purchase women and girls for &ldquo;temporary&rdquo; or &ldquo;summer&rdquo; marriages for commercial sex, as well as forced labor; parents force underage girls into permanent marriages where they are coerced into domestic servitude or commercial sex, and some husbands coerce their wives into sex trafficking or domestic servitude; some Egyptians attempting to migrate to Europe through Libya were subject to sex trafficking and forced labor; Egyptian children are exploited in sex trafficking and forced begging in Europe, and adults are forced into labor, construction, agriculture, domestic work, and low-paying service jobs in the region; men and women trafficked from South and Southeast Asia and East Africa are subjected to forced labor in domestic service, construction, and begging in Egypt; male refugees and migrants are vulnerable to forced labor; foreign domestic workers primarily from Bangladesh, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Nigeria, the Philippines, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Syria, Yemen, and parts of West Africa are highly vulnerable to forced labor; women and girls, including refugees and migrants from Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the Middle East are subjected to sex trafficking in Egypt; refugees and migrants from South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, and Yemen who live in Egypt are at risk of trafficking; undocumented migrants and asylum-seekers, transiting Egypt from the Horn of Africa en route to Europe, face trafficking along the migration route (2023)"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>major source of precursor chemicals used in the production of illicit narcotics</p>"
}

4
africa/et.json
View file

@ -646,7 +646,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Ethiopia has over fifty national-level and regional-level political parties. The ruling party, the Prosperity Party, was created by Prime Minister ABIY in November 2019 from member parties of the former Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), which included the Amhara Democratic Party (ADP), Oromo Democratic Party (ODP), Southern Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement (SEPDM), plus other EPRDF-allied parties such as the Afar National Democratic Party (ANDP), Benishangul Gumuz People’s Democratic Party (BGPDP), Gambella People’s Democratic Movement (GPDM), Somali People’s Democratic Party (SPDP), and the Harari National League (HNL). Once the Prosperity Party was created, the various ethnically-based parties that comprised or were affiliated with the EPRDF were subsequently disbanded; in January 2021, the Ethiopian electoral board de-registered the Tigray People’s Liberation Front or TPLF; national level parties are qualified to register candidates in multiple regions across Ethiopia; regional parties can register candidates for both national and regional parliaments, but only in one region of Ethiopia"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, ATMIS, AU, COMESA, EITI, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)"
"text": "ACP, AfDB, ATMIS, AU, COMESA, EITI, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1271,7 +1271,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> during the 2020-2022 Tigray conflict, the Ethiopian Government issued a nationwide state of emergency that enabled officials to order military-age citizens to undergo training and accept military duty; the order also recalled retired military officers to active duty"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "5-8,000 Somalia (approximately 4,000 for ATMIS; the remainder under a bilateral agreement with Somalia; note - bilateral figures are prior to the 2020-22 conflict with Tigray); 250 Sudan (UNISFA); 1,450 South Sudan (UNMISS) (2022)"
"text": "approximately 5-8,000 in Somalia (up to 4,000 for ATMIS; the remainder under a bilateral agreement with the Somali Government; note - foreign troop contingents in Somalia under ATMIS are drawing down towards a final withdrawal in December 2024); 1,450 South Sudan (UNMISS) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Ethiopian National Defense Forces (ENDF) has traditionally been one of sub-Saharan Africa’s largest, most experienced, and best equipped militaries, but it suffered heavy casualties and equipment losses during the 2020-2022 Tigray conflict; the Ground Forces are estimated to have more than 20 infantry divisions, including several that are mechanized, along with at least 1 division of commandos/special forces; the Air Force has combat squadrons of multipurpose fighter aircraft, attack helicopters, and armed unmanned aerial vehicles; ENDF operations are often supported by sizeable regional state paramilitary units <br><br>the ENDF is focused on both external threats emanating from its neighbors and internal threats from multiple internal armed groups; since 1998, the ENDF has engaged in several conventional and counterinsurgency operations, including border wars with Eritrea (1998-2000) and Somalia (2006-2008) and internal conflicts with the Tigray regional state (2020-2022), several insurgent groups and ethnic militias (including the ethnonationalist Amhara Fano), and the al-Shabaab terrorist group (see Appendix T); the ENDF is currently conducting counterinsurgency operations against anti-government militants in several states, including in Oromya (Oromia) against the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA), an insurgent group that claims to be fighting for greater autonomy for the Oromo, Ethiopia's largest ethnic group; in 2022, militants from the Somalia-based al-Shabaab terrorist group launched an incursion into Ethiopia's Somali (Sumale) regional state, attacking villages and security forces; the Ethiopian Government claimed that regional security forces killed hundreds of al-Shabaab fighters and subsequently deployed additional ENDF troops into Somalia’s Gedo region to prevent further incursions (2023)"

2
africa/gh.json
View file

@ -614,7 +614,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Ghana has more than 20 registered parties; included are those which participated in the 2020 general election"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, ATMIS, AU, C, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNSOM, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ACP, AfDB, ATMIS, AU, C, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNSOM, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

2
africa/gv.json
View file

@ -1204,7 +1204,7 @@
"text": "Voluntary and selective conscripted service, 9-24 mos (2022)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "670 Mali (MINUSMA) (May 2022)"
"text": "670 Mali (MINUSMA) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Guinean military is a small and lightly armed force that is responsible for external defense, but also has some domestic security responsibilities and has historically been involved in suppressing public protests; the military has undergone some attempts at reform since 2010, but in 2021 the Army&rsquo;s special forces led a successful coup; the Army has a mix of approximately 10 infantry, light armor, commando, and special forces battalions, as well as a presidential guard force; piracy and natural resource protection in the Gulf of Guinea are key areas of concern for the small Navy, which possesses only a few patrol boats; the Air Force has a handful of serviceable aircraft, including helicopter gunships (2023)"

6
africa/ke.json
View file

@ -618,7 +618,7 @@
"text": "<p>Azimio La Umoja–One Kenya Coalition Party [Raila ODINGA] (includes DAP-K, JP, KANU, KUP, MCC, MDG, ODM, PAA, UDM, UDP, UPA, UPIA, and WDM-K)<br>Amani National Congress or ANC [Musalia MUDAVADI]<br>Chama Cha Kazi or CCK [Moses KURIA]<br>Democratic Action Party or DAP-K [Wafula WAMUNYINYI]<br>Democratic Party or DP [Joseph MUNYAO, Chairman]<br>Forum for the Restoration of Democracy–Kenya or FORD-Kenya [Moses WETANGULA]<br>Grand Dream Development Party or GDDP [Fabian KYULE]           <br>Jubilee Party or JP [Uhuru KENYATTA] (previously the National Alliance Party)<br>Kenya African National Union or KANU [Gideon MOI]<br>Kenya Kwanza coalition [William RUTO] (includes ANC, CCK, DP, FORD-Kenya, TSP, and UDA)<br>Kenya Union Party or KUP [John LONYANGAPUO]<br>Maendeleo Chap Chap Party or MCC [Alfred MUTUA]<br>Movement for Democracy and Growth or MDG [David OCHIENG]<br>National Agenda Party or NAP-K [Alfayo AGUFANA]                        <br>National Ordinary People Empowerment Union or NOPEU [Rodgers MPURU, Secretary General}<br>Orange Democratic Movement or ODM [Raila ODINGA]<br>Pamoja African Alliance or PAA [Amason KINGI]<br>The Service Party or TSP [Mwangi KIUNJURI]<br>United Democratic Alliance or UDA [William RUTO]<br>United Democratic Movement or UDM [Philip MURGOR]<br>United Democratic Party or UDP [Cyrus Jirongo]<br>United Party of Independent Alliance or UPIA [Ukur YATANI]                                      <br>United Progressive Alliance or UPA [Kenneth NYAMWAMU]                                        <br>Wiper Democratic Movement-Kenya or WDM-K [Kalonzo MUSYOKA]   <br><br><strong>note:</strong> includes only parties with seats in the Senate and National Assembly</p>"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, ATMIS, AU, C, CD, COMESA, EAC, EADB, FAO, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCT, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNSOM, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ACP, AfDB, ATMIS, AU, C, CD, COMESA, EAC, EADB, FAO, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCT, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOOSA, UNSOM, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1254,10 +1254,10 @@
"text": "the KDF's inventory traditionally carried mostly older or second-hand Western weapons systems, particularly from France, the UK, and the US; however, since the 2000s it has sought to modernize and diversify its imports, and suppliers have included several countries including China, Italy, and the US (2023)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "no conscription; 18-26 years of age for male and female voluntary service (under 18 with parental consent; upper limit 30 years of age for specialists, tradesmen, or women with a diploma; 39 years of age for chaplains/imams); 9-year service obligation (7 years for Kenyan Navy) and subsequent 3-year re-enlistments; applicants must be Kenyan citizens (2022)"
"text": "no conscription; 18-26 years of age for male and female voluntary service (under 18 with parental consent; upper limit 30 years of age for specialists, tradesmen, or women with a diploma; 39 years of age for chaplains/imams); 9-year service obligation (7 years for Kenyan Navy) and subsequent 3-year re-enlistments; applicants must be Kenyan citizens (2023)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "260 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO); 3,650 Somalia (ATMIS) (2022)",
"text": "260 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO); up to 3,600 troops deployed in Somalia under ATMIS (note - ATMIS troop contingents are drawing down towards a final exit in December 2024) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in November 2022, Kenya sent approximately 1,000 troops to the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) as part of a newly formed East Africa Community Regional Force (EACRF) to assist the DRC military against the rebel group M23; the force is led by Kenya"
},
"Military - note": {

2
africa/li.json
View file

@ -1176,7 +1176,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2020, women made up less than 1% of the active military"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "160 Mali (MINUSMA) (May 2022)"
"text": "160 Mali (MINUSMA) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the AFL is responsible for external defense but also has some domestic security responsibilities if called upon, such as humanitarian assistance during natural disasters and support to law enforcement; it is a small, lightly equipped force comprised of 2 combat infantry battalions and supporting units; the infantry battalions were rebuilt with US assistance in 2007-2008 from the restructured AFL following the end of the second civil war in 2003 when military and police forces were disbanded and approximately 100,000 military, police, and rebel combatants were disarmed<br><br>the first militia unit established for defense of the colony was raised in 1832; the AFL traces its origins to the 1908 establishment of the Liberia Frontier Force, which became the Liberian National Guard in 1965; the AFL was established in 1970<br><br>the UN Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) was established in 2003 as a peacekeeping force; at its height, UNMIL was comprised of about 15,000 personnel, including more than 3,000 troops absorbed from the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) peacekeeping mission; Liberian forces reassumed full control of the country’s security in June of 2016, and the UNMIL mission was ended in 2018 (2023)"

12
africa/ly.json
View file

@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Berbers have inhabited central north Africa since ancient times, but the region has been settled and ruled by Phoenicians, Greeks, Carthaginians, Persians, Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, and Vandals. In the the 7th century, Islam spread through the region; in the mid-16th century, Ottoman rule began. The Italians supplanted the Ottoman Turks in the area around Tripoli in 1911 and did not relinquish their hold until 1943 when they were defeated in World War II. Libya then passed to UN administration and achieved independence in 1951. Following a 1969 military coup, Col. Muammar al-QADHAFI assumed leadership and began to espouse his political system at home, which was a combination of socialism and Islam. During the 1970s, QADHAFI used oil revenues to promote his ideology outside Libya, supporting subversive and terrorist activities that included the downing of two airliners - one over Scotland, another in Northern Africa - and a discotheque bombing in Berlin. UN sanctions in 1992 isolated QADHAFI politically and economically following the attacks; sanctions were lifted in 2003 following Libyan acceptance of responsibility for the bombings and agreement to claimant compensation. QADHAFI also agreed to end Libya's program to develop weapons of mass destruction, and he made significant strides in normalizing relations with Western nations.</p> <p>Unrest that began in several Middle Eastern and North African countries in late 2010 erupted in Libyan cities in early 2011. QADHAFI's brutal crackdown on protesters spawned an eight-month civil war that saw the emergence of a National Transitional Council (NTC), UN authorization of air and naval intervention by the international community, and the toppling of the QADHAFI regime. In 2012, the NTC handed power to an elected parliament, the General National Congress (GNC). Voters chose a new parliament to replace the GNC in June 2014 - the House of Representatives (HoR) - which relocated to the eastern city of Tobruk after fighting broke out in Tripoli and Benghazi in July 2014.</p> <p>In December 2015, the UN brokered an agreement among a broad array of Libyan political parties and social groups - known as the Libyan Political Agreement (LPA) - establishing an interim executive body, the Government of National Accord (GNA). However, the HoR and defunct-GNC-affiliated political hardliners continued to oppose the GNA and hamper the LPA’s implementation, leaving Libya with eastern and western-based rival governments. In September 2017, UN Special Representative Ghassan SALAME announced a new roadmap for national political reconciliation. In November 2018, the international community supported SALAME’s recalibrated Action Plan for Libya that aimed to break the political deadlock by holding a National Conference in early 2019. These plans, however, were derailed when the eastern-based self-described Libyan National Army (LNA) launched an offensive to seize Tripoli in April 2019. Several countries sent armed personnel and advanced military equipment into Libya. The LNA's offensive collapsed in June 2020, and a subsequent UN-sponsored cease-fire in October 2020 helped formalize the pause in fighting between rival camps, although some foreign forces, fighters, and mercenaries that aided eastern and western factions during the fighting remain in Libya. <br><br>In early 2021, the UN-facilitated Libyan Political Dialogue Forum selected a new prime minister for an interim government, the Government of National Unity (GNU), and a new presidential council charged with preparing for presidential and parliamentary elections in December 2021 and uniting the country’s state institutions. The HoR approved the GNU and its cabinet in March 2021, providing Libya with its first unified government since 2014. On 22 December 2021, Libya's parliament postponed the first round of the presidential election to an undetermined date in the future. In March 2022, Libya's HoR voted to replace the GNU's interim Prime Minister, Abdul Hamid DUBAYBAH, with a government led by Fathi BASHAGHA. GNU allegations of an illegitimate HoR vote have allowed Prime Minister DUBAYBAH to remain in office and rebuff BASHAGHA's attempts to seat his government in Tripoli. In late February 2023, Special Representative of the UN Security-General to Libya and Head of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya, Abdoulaye BATHILY, announced a plan to enable Libyan presidential and legislative elections by the end of 2023.</p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
"Location": {
"text": "Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Egypt, Tunisia, and Algeria"
@ -102,11 +107,6 @@
"text": "<strong>note 1:</strong> more than 90% of the country is desert or semidesert<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the volcano Waw an Namus lies in south central Libya in the middle of the Sahara; the caldera is an oasis - the name means \"oasis of mosquitoes\" - containing several small lakes surrounded by vegetation and hosting various insects and a large diversity of birds"
}
},
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Berbers have inhabited central north Africa since ancient times, but the region has been settled and ruled by Phoenicians, Greeks, Carthaginians, Persians, Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, and Vandals. In the the 7th century, Islam spread through the region; in the mid-16th century, Ottoman rule began. The Italians supplanted the Ottoman Turks in the area around Tripoli in 1911 and did not relinquish their hold until 1943 when they were defeated in World War II. Libya then passed to UN administration and achieved independence in 1951. Following a 1969 military coup, Col. Muammar al-QADHAFI assumed leadership and began to espouse his political system at home, which was a combination of socialism and Islam. During the 1970s, QADHAFI used oil revenues to promote his ideology outside Libya, supporting subversive and terrorist activities that included the downing of two airliners - one over Scotland, another in Northern Africa - and a discotheque bombing in Berlin. UN sanctions in 1992 isolated QADHAFI politically and economically following the attacks; sanctions were lifted in 2003 following Libyan acceptance of responsibility for the bombings and agreement to claimant compensation. QADHAFI also agreed to end Libya's program to develop weapons of mass destruction, and he made significant strides in normalizing relations with Western nations.</p> <p>Unrest that began in several Middle Eastern and North African countries in late 2010 erupted in Libyan cities in early 2011. QADHAFI's brutal crackdown on protesters spawned an eight-month civil war that saw the emergence of a National Transitional Council (NTC), UN authorization of air and naval intervention by the international community, and the toppling of the QADHAFI regime. In 2012, the NTC handed power to an elected parliament, the General National Congress (GNC). Voters chose a new parliament to replace the GNC in June 2014 - the House of Representatives (HoR) - which relocated to the eastern city of Tobruk after fighting broke out in Tripoli and Benghazi in July 2014.</p> <p>In December 2015, the UN brokered an agreement among a broad array of Libyan political parties and social groups - known as the Libyan Political Agreement (LPA) - establishing an interim executive body, the Government of National Accord (GNA). However, the HoR and defunct-GNC-affiliated political hardliners continued to oppose the GNA and hamper the LPA’s implementation, leaving Libya with eastern and western-based rival governments. In September 2017, UN Special Representative Ghassan SALAME announced a new roadmap for national political reconciliation. In November 2018, the international community supported SALAME’s recalibrated Action Plan for Libya that aimed to break the political deadlock by holding a National Conference in early 2019. These plans, however, were derailed when the eastern-based self-described Libyan National Army (LNA) launched an offensive to seize Tripoli in April 2019. Several countries sent armed personnel and advanced military equipment into Libya. The LNA's offensive collapsed in June 2020, and a subsequent UN-sponsored cease-fire in October 2020 helped formalize the pause in fighting between rival camps, although some foreign forces, fighters, and mercenaries that aided eastern and western factions during the fighting remain in Libya. <br><br>In early 2021, the UN-facilitated Libyan Political Dialogue Forum selected a new prime minister for an interim government, the Government of National Unity (GNU), and a new presidential council charged with preparing for presidential and parliamentary elections in December 2021 and uniting the country’s state institutions. The HoR approved the GNU and its cabinet in March 2021, providing Libya with its first unified government since 2014. On 22 December 2021, Libya's parliament postponed the first round of the presidential election to an undetermined date in the future. In March 2022, Libya's HoR voted to replace the GNU's interim Prime Minister, Abdul Hamid DUBAYBAH, with a government led by Fathi BASHAGHA. GNU allegations of an illegitimate HoR vote have allowed Prime Minister DUBAYBAH to remain in office and rebuff BASHAGHA's attempts to seat his government in Tripoli. In late February 2023, Special Representative of the UN Security-General to Libya and Head of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya, Abdoulaye BATHILY, announced a plan to enable Libyan presidential and legislative elections by the end of 2023.</p>"
}
},
"People and Society": {
"Population": {
"text": "7,252,573 (2023 est.)",
@ -549,7 +549,7 @@
"text": "NA<br>"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, BDEAC, CAEU, COMESA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, LCBC, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNSMIL, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)"
"text": "ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, BDEAC, CAEU, COMESA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, LCBC, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNOOSA, UNSMIL, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

2
africa/mi.json
View file

@ -1214,7 +1214,7 @@
"text": "18 years of age for men and women for voluntary military service; high school equivalent required for enlisted recruits and college equivalent for officer recruits; initial engagement is 7 years for enlisted personnel and 10 years for officers (2022)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "750 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (May 2022)"
"text": "750 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the MDF’s primary responsibility is external security; it is also tasked as necessary with providing support to civilian authorities during emergencies, supporting the Police Service, protecting national forest reserves, and participating in regional peacekeeping missions, as well as assisting with infrastructure development; it is generally considered to be a professional and effective service, although most of its equipment is aging and obsolescent; Malawi contributes regularly to African Union and UN peace support operations; the Army is the dominant service and has 3 infantry brigades while its subordinate maritime force has a few patrol boats for monitoring Lake Malawi <br><br>the MDF was established in 1964 from elements of the Kings African Rifles (KAR), a British colonial regiment raised from Great Britain's various possessions in East Africa from 1902 until independence in the 1960s; the KAR conducted both military and internal security functions within the colonial territories, and served outside the territories during the World Wars (2023)"

4
africa/mo.json
View file

@ -632,7 +632,7 @@
"text": "Action Party or PA [Mohammed EL IDRISSI]<br>Amal (hope) Party [Mohamed BANI]<br>An-Nahj Ad-Dimocrati or An-Nahj or Democratic Way [Mustapha BRAHMA]<br>Authenticity and Modernity Party or PAM [Abdellatif OUAHBI]<br>Constitutional Union Party or UC [Mohamed JOUDAR]<br>Democratic and Social Movement or MDS [Abdessamad ARCHANE]<br>Democratic Forces Front or FFD [Mustapha BENALI]<br>Environment and Sustainable Development Party or PEDD [Karim HRITANE]<br>Federation of the Democratic Left or FGD [Abdesalam EL AZIZ]<br>Green Left Party or PGV [Mohamed FARES]<br>Istiqlal (Independence) Party or PI [Nizar BARAKA]<br>Moroccan Liberal Party or PML [Isaac CHARIA]<br>Moroccan Union for Democracy or UMD [Jamal MANDRI]<br>National Democratic Party [Moussa SAADI]<br>National Rally of Independents or RNI [Aziz AKHANNOUCH]<br>Neo-Democrats Party [Mohamed DARIF]<br>Party of Development Reform or PRD [Abderrahmane EL KOHEN]<br>Party of Justice and Development or PJD [Abdelilah BENKIRANE]<br>Party of Liberty and Social Justice or PLJS [Miloud MOUSSAOUI]<br>Party of Progress and Socialism or PPS [Nabil BENABDELLAH]<br>Popular Movement or MP [Mohammed OUZZINE]<br>Renaissance and Virtue Party or PRV [Mohamed KHALIDI]<br>Renaissance Party [Said EL GHENNIOUI]<br>Renewal and Equity Party or PRE [Chakir ACHEHABAR]<br>Shoura (consultation) and Istiqlal Party [Ahmed BELGHAZI]<br>Socialist Union of Popular Forces or USFP [Driss LACHGAR]<br>Unified Socialist Party or GSU [Nabila MOUNIB]<br>Unity and Democracy Party [Ahmed FITRI]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, CAEU, CD, EBRD, FAO, G-11, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE (partner), Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club (associate), PCA, SICA (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNSC (temporary), UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, CAEU, CD, EBRD, FAO, G-11, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE (partner), Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club (associate), PCA, SICA (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNSC (temporary), UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1260,7 +1260,7 @@
"text": "19-25 years of age for 12-month compulsory and voluntary military service for men and women (conscription abolished 2006 and reintroduced in 2019) (2023)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "775 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 925 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (May 2022)"
"text": "775 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 925 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Royal Armed Forces (FAR) are responsible for defending Morocco’s territorial integrity; key areas of concern for the FAR include regional challenges such as the Polisario Front in Western Sahara and Algeria; Morocco claims the territory of Western Sahara and administers the territory that it controls; the Polisario Front (Popular Front for the Liberation of Saguia el Hamra and Rio de Oro), an organization that seeks the territory’s independence, disputes Morocco’s claim of sovereignty over the territory; Moroccan and Polisario forces fought intermittently from 1975, when Spain relinquished colonial authority over the territory, until a 1991 cease-fire and the establishment of a UN peacekeeping mission; the Polisario withdrew from the cease-fire in November 2020, and since then there have been reports of intermittent indirect fire between the FAR and Polisario fighters across the 2,500-kilometer-long berm built in 1987 that separates the two sides; Algeria is considered a regional rival and has openly backed the Polisario Front<br><br>the FAR is a professional military and has experience in counterinsurgency, desert warfare, and international peacekeeping and security operations; it participates in both bilateral and multinational exercises and has relations with a variety of partners including the militaries of France, Spain, and the US, as well as NATO, the Arab League, and the African Union; the FAR provided fighter aircraft to the Saudi-led coalition in Yemen from 2015-2019; Morocco has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation<br><br>the Royal Army has considerable artillery, armored, mechanized infantry, and motorized infantry forces formed as brigades, regiments, and independent battalions that are mostly deployed in two geographic commands focused on Western Sahara in the south and Algeria in the east and north; its armored forces include some 400 modern US-made tanks purchased since 2012; the Army also has brigades of airborne and security troops; the Navy's warships include about 6 frigates and more than 20 offshore patrol craft of varying size and capabilities; it also has a small force of naval infantry; the Air Force has approximately 100 French- and US-made combat aircraft<br> <br>the FAR was created in May 1956; large numbers of Moroccans were recruited for service in the Spahi and Tirailleur regiments of the French Army of Africa during the period of the French protectorate (1912-1956); many Moroccans fought under the French Army during both World Wars; after World War II, Moroccans formed part of the French Far East Expeditionary Corps during the First Indochina War (1946-1954); the Spanish Army recruited Moroccans from the Spanish Protectorate during both the Rif War (1921-26) and the Spanish Civil War (1936-39)<br><br>the UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) was established by Security Council resolution 690 in April 1991 in accordance with settlement proposals accepted in August 1988 by Morocco and the Polisario Front; MINURSO was unable to carry out all the original settlement proposals, but as of 2022 continued to monitor the cease-fire and reduce the threat of mines and unexploded ordnance, and has provided logistic support to the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) with personnel and air and ground assets (2023)"

6
africa/mp.json
View file

@ -521,7 +521,7 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Pritivirajsing ROOPUN (since 2 December 2019); Vice President Marie Cyril EDDY Boiss&eacute;zon (since 2 December 2019); note - President Ameenah GURIB-FAKIM, the country's first female president, resigned on 23 March 2018 amid a credit card scandal; Acting Presidents served from March 2018 until ROOPUN's appointment in 2019"
"text": "President Pritivirajsing ROOPUN (since 2 December 2019); Vice President Marie Cyril EDDY Boiss&eacute;zon (since 2 December 2019); note - President Ameenah GURIB-FAKIM, the country's first female president, resigned on 23 March 2018 amid a credit card scandal; acting presidents served from March 2018 until ROOPUN's appointment in 2019"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Pravind JUGNAUTH (since 23 January 2017); note - Prime Minister Sir Anerood JUGNAUTH stepped down on 23 January 2017 in favor of his son, Pravind Kumar JUGNAUTH, who was then appointed prime minister; following 7 November 2019 parliamentary elections, Pravind JUGNAUTH remained prime minister and home affairs minister and also became defense minister"
@ -533,7 +533,7 @@
"text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for 5-year renewable terms; election last held on 7 November 2019 (next to be held in 2024); the president appoints the prime minister and deputy prime minister who have the majority support in the National Assembly"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em>2019</em>: Pritivirajsing ROOPUN (MSM) elected president by the National Assembly - unanimous vote; note - GURIB-FAKIM resigned on 23 March 2018<br><br><em>2015</em>: Ameenah GURIB-FAKIM (independent) elected president by the National Assembly - unanimous vote; note - GURIB-FAKIM was Mauritius' first female president <br>"
"text": "<em><br>2019</em>: Pritivirajsing ROOPUN (MSM) elected president by the National Assembly - unanimous vote; note - GURIB-FAKIM resigned on 23 March 2018<br><em>2015</em>: Ameenah GURIB-FAKIM (independent) elected president by the National Assembly - unanimous vote; note - GURIB-FAKIM was Mauritius' first female president <br>"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -562,7 +562,7 @@
"text": "Alliance Morisien (Mauritian Alliance 2019; coalition includes PM, MSM, ML, and MAG) [Pravind JUGNAUTH] <br>Jean-Claude Barbier Movement (Mouvement Jean-Claude Barbier) or MJCB [Jean-Claude Barbier]<br>Mauritian Militant Movement (Mouvement Militant Mauricien) or MMM [Paul BERENGER]<br>Mauritian Social Democratic Party (Parti Mauricien Social Democrate) or PMSD [Xavier Luc DUVAL]<br>Mauritius Labor Party (Parti Travailliste) or PTR or MLP [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM]<br>Militant Platform or PM (Plateforme Militante) [Steven OBEEGADOO]<br>Militant Socialist Movement (Mouvement Socialist Mauricien) or MSM [Pravind JUGNAUTH]<br>Muvman Liberater or ML [Ivan COLLENDAVELLOO]<br>National Alliance (coalition includes PTR, PMSD, and MJCB) [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM]<br>Patriotic Movement (Mouvement Patriotique) or MAG [Alan GANOO]<br>Rodrigues Peoples Organization (Organisation du Peuple Rodriguais) or OPR [Serge CLAIR]<br> <p><strong>note</strong>: only parties with seats in the National Assembly listed</p>"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AOSIS, AU, CD, COMESA, CPLP (associate), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, SAARC (observer), SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AOSIS, AU, CD, COMESA, CPLP (associate), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, SAARC (observer), SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

2
africa/mr.json
View file

@ -1223,7 +1223,7 @@
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2022)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "470 (plus about 320 police) Central African Republic (MINUSCA) (May 2022)",
"text": "450 (plus about 320 police) Central African Republic (MINUSCA) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Mauritania is part of a four (formerly five)-nation anti-jihadist task force known as the G4 Sahel Group, set up in 2014 with Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali (withdrew in 2022), and Niger; it has committed 550 troops and 100 gendarmes to the force; as of 2020, defense forces from each of the participating states were allowed to pursue terrorist fighters up to 100 km into neighboring countries; the force is backed by France, the UN, and the US"
},
"Military - note": {

4
africa/ng.json
View file

@ -622,7 +622,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>only parties with seats in the National Assembly are listed<br><strong><br>note 2:</strong> the SPLM and SPLM-DC are banned political parties"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, CD, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LCBC, MIGA, MINUSCA, MINUSMA, MNJTF, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU (suspended), CD, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LCBC, MIGA, MINUSCA, MINUSMA, MNJTF, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1236,7 +1236,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "183,328 (Nigeria), 66,5020 (Mali) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2023)"
"text": "189,245 (Nigeria), 66,5020 (Mali) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2023)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "376,809 (includes the regions of Diffa, Tillaberi, and Tahoua; unknown how many of the 11,000 people displaced by clashes between government forces and the Tuareg militant group, Niger Movement for Justice, in 2007 are still displaced; inter-communal violence; Boko Haram attacks in southern Niger, 2015) (2022)"

4
africa/ni.json
View file

@ -588,7 +588,7 @@
"text": "president directly elected by qualified majority popular vote and at least 25% of the votes cast in 24 of Nigeria's 36 states; president elected for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 25 February 2023 (next to be held on 27 February 2027)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<p><em>2023:</em> Bola Ahmed Adekunle TINUBU elected president; percent of vote - Bola Ahmed Adekunle TINUBU (APC) 36%, Atiku ABUBAKAR (PDP) 29%, Peter OBI (LP) 25%, Rabiu KWANKWASO (NNPP) 6%<br><br><em>2019: </em>Muhammadu BUHARI elected president; percent of vote - Muhammadu BUHARI (APC) 53%, Atiku ABUBAKAR (PDP) 39%, other 8%</p> <p> </p>"
"text": "<p><em>2023:</em> Bola Ahmed Adekunle TINUBU elected president; percent of vote - Bola Ahmed Adekunle TINUBU (APC) 36.6%, Atiku ABUBAKAR (PDP) 29.1%, Peter OBI (LP) 25.4%, Rabiu KWANKWASO (NNPP) 6.4%, other 2.5%<br><br><em>2019: </em>Muhammadu BUHARI elected president; percent of vote - Muhammadu BUHARI (APC) 53%, Atiku ABUBAKAR (PDP) 39%, other 8%</p> <p> </p>"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -617,7 +617,7 @@
"text": "Accord Party or ACC [Mohammad Lawal MALADO]<br>Africa Democratic Congress or ADC [Ralph Okey NWOSU] <br>All Progressives Congress or APC [<u>Abdullahi ADAMU</u>]<br>All Progressives Grand Alliance or APGA [Victor Ike OYE]<br>Labor Party or LP [Julius ABURE]<br>Peoples Democratic Party or PDP [Iyourchia AYU]<br>Young Progressive Party or YPP [Bishop AMAKIRI]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, ATMIS, AU, C, CD, D-8, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LCBC, MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MNJTF, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ACP, AfDB, ATMIS, AU, C, CD, D-8, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LCBC, MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MNJTF, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

8
africa/od.json
View file

@ -487,19 +487,19 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Salva KIIR Mayardit (since 9 July 2011); Vice Presidents TABAN Deng Gai, Riek MACHAR Teny Dhurgon, James Wani IGGA, Rebecca Nyandeng Chol GARANG de Mabior, Hussein ABDELBAGI Ayii (since 22 February 2020); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; TABAN served as First Vice President from 23 July 2016 to February 2020"
"text": "President Salva KIIR Mayardit (since 9 July 2011); Vice Presidents TABAN Deng Gai, Riek MACHAR Teny Dhurgon, James Wani IGGA, Rebecca Nyandeng Chol GARANG de Mabior, Hussein ABDELBAGI Ayii (since 22 February 2020); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; TABAN served as first vice president from 23 July 2016 to February 2020"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "President Salva KIIR Mayardit (since 9 July 2011); Vice Presidents TABAN Deng Gai, Riek MACHAR Teny Dhurgon, James Wani IGGA, Rebecca Nyandeng Chol GARANG de Mabior, Hussein ABDELBAGI Ayii (since 22 February 2020); note - TABAN served as First Vice President from 23 July 2016 to February 2020"
"text": "President Salva KIIR Mayardit (since 9 July 2011); Vice Presidents TABAN Deng Gai, Riek MACHAR Teny Dhurgon, James Wani IGGA, Rebecca Nyandeng Chol GARANG de Mabior, Hussein ABDELBAGI Ayii (since 22 February 2020)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "National Council of Ministers appointed by the president, approved by the Transitional National Legislative Assembly"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 11-15 April 2010 (next election scheduled for 2015 but postponed to 2018, then 2021, and again to 2023)"
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 11-15 April 2010 (originally scheduled for 2015 but postponed several times, currently in 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em>2010</em>: Salva KIIR Mayardit elected leader of then-Southern Sudan in 2010; percent of vote - Salva KIIR Mayardit (SPLM) 93%, Lam AKOL (SPLM-DC) 7%"
"text": "<em><br>2010</em>: Salva KIIR Mayardit elected leader of then-Southern Sudan in 2010; percent of vote - Salva KIIR Mayardit (SPLM) 93%, Lam AKOL (SPLM-DC) 7%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {

10
africa/rw.json
View file

@ -569,10 +569,10 @@
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); note - a constitutional amendment approved in December 2016 reduced the presidential term from 7 to 5 years but included an exception that allowed President KAGAME to serve another 7-year term in 2017, potentially followed by two additional 5-year terms; election last held on 4 August 2017 (next to be held in August 2024); prime minister appointed by the president"
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular -vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); note - a constitutional amendment approved in December 2016 reduced the presidential term from 7 to 5 years but included an exception that allowed President KAGAME to serve another 7-year term in 2017, potentially followed by two additional 5-year terms; election last held on 4 August 2017 (next to be held in August 2024); prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<p><em>2017:</em> Paul KAGAME reelected president; Paul KAGAME (RPF) 98.8%, Philippe MPAYIMANA (independent) 0.7%, Frank HABINEZA (DGPR)0.5%<br><br><em>2010:</em> Paul KAGAME reelected president; Paul KAGAME (RPF) 93.1%, Jean NTAWUKURIRYAYO (PSD) 5.1%, other 1.8% </p> <p> </p>"
"text": "<br><em>2017:</em> Paul KAGAME reelected president; Paul KAGAME (RPF) 98.8%, Philippe MPAYIMANA (independent), other 1.2%<br><br><em>2010:</em> Paul KAGAME reelected president; Paul KAGAME (RPF) 93.1%, Jean NTAWUKURIRYAYO (PSD) 5.1%, other 1.8%  <p> </p>"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -602,7 +602,7 @@
"text": "Democratic Green Party of Rwanda or DGPR [Frank HABINEZA]<br>Liberal Party or PL [Donatille MUKABALISA]<br>Party for Progress and Concord or PPC [Dr. Alivera MUKABARAMBA]<br>Rwandan Patriotic Front or RPF [Paul KAGAME]<br>Rwandan Patriotic Front Coalition (includes RPF, PPC) [Paul KAGAME]<br>Social Democratic Party or PSD [Vincent BIRUTA]<br>Social Party Imberakuri or PS-Imberakuri [Christine MUKABUNANI]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, C, CEPGL, COMESA, EAC, EADB, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, C, CEPGL, COMESA, EAC, EADB, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1190,7 +1190,7 @@
"text": "18 years of age for men and women for voluntary military service; no conscription; Rwandan citizenship is required; enlistment is either as contract (5-years, renewable twice) or career (2023)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "3,300 Central African Republic (approximately 2,100 for MINUSCA, including police; an additional 1,200 troops sent separately under a bilateral arrangement to support and train Central African military forces); up to 3,000 Mozambique (deployed mid-2021 under a bilateral agreement to assist with combating an insurgency; includes both military and police forces); 2,600 (plus about 400 police) South Sudan (UNMISS) (2023)"
"text": "4,000 Central African Republic (approximately 2,800 for MINUSCA, including 700 police; an additional 1,200 troops sent separately under a bilateral arrangement to support and train Central African military forces); up to 3,000 Mozambique (deployed mid-2021 under a bilateral agreement to assist with combating an insurgency; includes both military and police forces); 2,600 (plus about 400 police) South Sudan (UNMISS) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the RDF is lightly equipped and widely regarded as one of East Africa’s best trained, experienced, and most professional militaries; the Army is relatively large with 4 divisions that are mostly comprised of light infantry brigades; it also has separate artillery, presidential guard, and special operations brigades; the Air Force has a small inventory of combat helicopters and a handful of transport aircraft</p> the RDF’s principle responsibilities are ensuring territorial integrity and national sovereignty and preventing infiltrations of illegal armed groups from neighboring countries, particularly the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC); since 2021, Rwanda has deployed troops to the border with the DRC to combat the rebel Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), which it has accused the DRC of backing; the RDF has been accused by the DRC Government of making incursions into the DRC and providing material support to the March 23 Movement (M23, aka Congolese Revolutionary Army) rebel group, which has been fighting with DRC troops and UN peacekeeping forces; the RDF also participates in UN and regional military operations; over 6,000 RDF personnel are deployed in the Central African Republic, Mozambique, and South Sudan  <br><br>the Rwandan Armed Forces (FAR) were established following independence in 1962; after the 1990-1994 civil war and genocide, the victorious Tutsi-dominated Rwandan Patriotic Front's military wing, the Rwandan Patriotic Army (RPA), became the country's military force; the RPA participated in the First (1996-1997) and Second (1998-2003) Congolese Wars; the RPA was renamed the Rwanda Defense Force (RDF) in 2003, by which time it had assumed a more national character with the inclusion of many former Hutu officers as well as newly recruited soldiers (2023)"
@ -1211,7 +1211,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "77,898 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 48,788 (Burundi) (2023)"
"text": "77,898 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 48,793 (Burundi) (2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "9,500 (2022)"

6
africa/se.json
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@ -529,10 +529,10 @@
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for 1 additional term); election last held on 22-24 October 2020 (originally scheduled for December 2020 but moved up to coincide with the 22-24 October 2025 National Assembly election in order to cut election costs)"
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 22-24 October 2020 (originally scheduled for December 2020 but rescheduled to coincide with the 22-24 October 2025 National Assembly election in order to cut election costs)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em>2020</em>: Wavel RAMKALAWAN elected president; Wavel RAMKALAWAN (LDS) 54.9%, Danny FAURE (US) 43.5%, other 1.6%<br><br><em>2015</em>:  President James Alix MICHEL reelected president in second round; percent of vote first round - James Alix MICHEL (PL) 47.8%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN (SNP) 35.3%, other 16.9%; percent of vote second round - James Alix MICHEL (PL) 50.2%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN (SNP) 49.8%"
"text": "<br><em>2020</em>: Wavel RAMKALAWAN elected president; Wavel RAMKALAWAN (LDS) 54.9%, Danny FAURE (US) 43.5%, other 1.6%<br><br><em>2015</em>:  President James Alix MICHEL reelected president in second round; percent of vote first round - James Alix MICHEL (PL) 47.8%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN (SNP) 35.3%, other 16.9%; percent of vote second round - James Alix MICHEL 50.2%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN 49.8%<br><br><em>2011: </em>James Alix MICHEL reelected president in first round; percent of vote - James Alix MICHEL (PL) 55.5%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN (SNP) 41.4%, other 3.1%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -873,7 +873,7 @@
"Energy": {
"Electricity access": {
"electrification - total population": {
"text": "100% (2020)"
"text": "100% (2021)"
}
},
"Electricity": {

4
africa/sf.json
View file

@ -586,7 +586,7 @@
"text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 22 May 2019 (next to be held in May 2024) (2019)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<p><em>2019: </em>Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (ANC) elected president by the National Assembly unopposed<br><br><em>2014:</em> Jacob ZUMA (ANC) reelected president by the National Assembly unopposed </p> <p> </p>"
"text": "<br><em>2019: </em>Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (ANC) elected president by the National Assembly unopposed<br><br><em>2014:</em> Jacob ZUMA (ANC) reelected president by the National Assembly unopposed  <p> </p>"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -615,7 +615,7 @@
"text": "African Christian Democratic Party or ACDP [Kenneth MESHOE]<br>African Independent Congress or AIC [Mandla GALO]<br>African National Congress or ANC [Cyril RAMAPHOSA]<br>African People's Convention or APC [Themba GODI] <br>Agang SA [Andries TLOUAMMA]<br>Congress of the People or COPE [Mosiuoa LEKOTA]<br>Democratic Alliance or DA [John STEENHUISEN]<br>Economic Freedom Fighters or EFF [Julius Sello MALEMA]<br>Freedom Front Plus or FF+ [Pieter GROENEWALD]<br>GOOD [Patricia de LILLE]<br>Inkatha Freedom Party or IFP [Velenkosini HLABISA]<br>National Freedom Party or NFP [vacant]<br>Pan-Africanist Congress of Azania or PAC [Mzwanele NYHONTSO]<br>United Christian Democratic Party or UCDP [Modiri Desmond SEHUME]<br>United Democratic Movement or UDM [Bantu HOLOMISA]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, BIS, BRICS, C, CD, FAO, FATF, G-20, G-24, G-5, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, NSG, OECD (enhanced engagement), OPCW, Paris Club (associate), PCA, SACU, SADC, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, BIS, BRICS, C, CD, FAO, FATF, G-20, G-24, G-5, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, NSG, OECD (enhanced engagement), OPCW, Paris Club (associate), PCA, SACU, SADC, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

6
africa/sg.json
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@ -597,7 +597,7 @@
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single renewable 5-year term; election last held on 24 February 2019 (next to be held in February 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<p><em>2019:</em> Macky SALL elected president in first round; percent of vote - Macky SALL (APR) 58.3%, Idrissa SECK (Rewmi) 20.5%, Ousmane SONKO (PASTEF) 15.7%, other 5.5%</p> <p><em>2012:</em> Macky SALL elected president in second round; percent of vote - Macky SALL (APR) 65.8%, Abdoulaye WADE (PDS) 34.2% </p>"
"text": "<br><em><em>2019:</em></em> Macky SALL elected president in first round; percent of vote - Macky SALL (APR) 58.3%, Idrissa SECK (Rewmi) 20.5%, Ousmane SONKO (PASTEF) 15.7%, other 5.5% <p><em>2012:</em> Macky SALL elected president in second round; percent of vote - Macky SALL 65.8%, Abdoulaye WADE (PDS) 34.2% </p>"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -626,7 +626,7 @@
"text": "Alliance for Citizenship and Work or ACT [Abdoul MBAYE]<br>Alliance for the Republic-Yakaar or APR [Macky SALL]<br>Alliance of Forces of Progress or AFP [Moustapha NIASSE]<br>And-Jef/African Party for Democracy and Socialism or AJ/PADS [Landing SAVANE]<br>Benno Bokk Yakaar or BBY (United in Hope) [Mahammed DIONNE] (coalition includes AFP, APR, BGC, LD-MPT, PIT, PS, and UNP)<br>Bokk Gis Gis coalition [Pape DIOP]<br>Citizen Movement for National Reform or MCRN-Bes Du Nakk [Mansour Sy DJAMIL]<br>Dare the Future movement [Aissata Tall SALL]<br>Democratic League-Labor Party Movement or LD-MPT [Mamadou NDOYE]<br>Democratic Renaissance Congress [NA]<br>Front for Socialism and Democracy/Benno Jubel or FSD/BJ [Cheikh Abdoulaye Bamba DIEYE]<br>Gainde Centrist Bloc or BCG [Jean-Paul DIAS Mendes]<br>General Alliance for the Interests of the Republic or AGIR [Thierno BOCOUM]<br>Grand Party or GP [Malick GAKOU]<br>Independence and Labor Party or PIT [Maguette THIAM]<br>Jotna Coalition [Dr Abdoulaye Niane]<br>Liberate the People (Yewwi Askan Wi) or YAW [Barthelemy DIAS, Ousmane SONKO, Khalifa SALL]<br>Madicke 2019 coalition [Madicke NIANG]<br>National Union for the People or UNP [Abdoul MBAYE]<br>Only Senegal Movement [Pierre Goudiaby ATEPA]<br>Party for Truth and Development or PVD [Cheikh Ahmadou Kara MBAKE]<br>Party of Unity and Rally or PUR [Cheikh Mouhamadou Moustapha SY]<br>Patriotic Convergence Kaddu Askan Wi or CP-Kaddu Askan Wi [Abdoulaye BALDE]<br>Rewmi Party [Idrissa SECK]<br>Save Senegal (Wallu Senegal Grand Coalition) or WS [Abdoulaye WADE] (coalition includes PDS, Jotna Coalition, Democratic Renaissance Congress)<br>Senegalese Democratic Party or PDS [Abdoulaye WADE]<br>Socialist Party or PS [Ousmane Tanor DIENG]<br>Tekki Movement [Mamadou Lamine DIALLO]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, CD, CPLP (associate), ECOWAS, EITI (candidate country), FAO, FZ, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, CD, CPLP (associate), ECOWAS, EITI (candidate country), FAO, FZ, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1234,7 +1234,7 @@
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; 20 years of age for selective compulsory service for men and possibly women; 24-month service obligation (2023)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "750 Gambia (ECOMIG); 970 Mali (MINUSMA); note - Senegal also has about 1,100 police deployed on various UN peacekeeping missions (2022)"
"text": "950 Mali (MINUSMA); note - Senegal also has about 1,000 police deployed on UN peacekeeping missions in the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Mali (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "despite limited resources, the FAS is considered to be a well-equipped, experienced, and professional military; it has a history of non-interference in the country’s political process and good relations with civil authorities; it is experienced in foreign deployments and has received considerable assistance from the French military, which maintains a presence in Senegal, and the US, with smaller levels from Germany, Spain, and the UK; the FAS’s primary focuses are border, internal, and maritime security; it is closely watching the prevalence of multiple active terrorist groups across the region and political instability in neighboring Mali and Guinea and has recently established new military and gendarmerie camps along its eastern border; it also works with the government in areas such as preventive healthcare, infrastructure development, environmental protection, and disaster response<br><br>the Army is spread amongst 7 military zones and organized into a mix of light infantry battalions and light armored reconnaissance squadrons, as well as airborne, special operations, and artillery battalions; the Gendarmerie includes mobile units, as well as the Presidential Guard (aka “The Red Guard”); the Navy is a small force of coastal patrol craft; in recent years it has acquired some modern platforms from France and Israel, including its first offshore patrol vessel, to improve the Navy’s ability to patrol Senegal’s coastline and economic exclusion zone, conduct fisheries inspections, counter drug trafficking, and combat piracy; the Air Force is configured for supporting the ground forces and has a small number of light attack aircraft and helicopter gunships, as well as transport and reconnaissance aircraft<br><br>Senegalese security forces have been engaged in a low-level counterinsurgency campaign in the southern Casamance region against various factions of the separatist Movement of Democratic Forces of the Casamance (MDFC) since 1982; the conflict is one of longest running low-level insurgencies in the World, having claimed more than 5,000 lives while leaving another 60,000 displaced; in May 2023, a faction of the MFDC agreed to a peace deal (2023)"

2
africa/sh.json
View file

@ -400,7 +400,7 @@
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the constitution order provides for an administrator for Ascension and Tristan da Cunha appointed by the governor"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the constitution order provides for an administrator for Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, appointed by the governor"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {

6
africa/sl.json
View file

@ -568,10 +568,10 @@
"text": "Ministers of State appointed by the president, approved by Parliament; the cabinet is responsible to the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 24 June 2023 (next to be in 2028)"
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 24 June 2023 (next to be held in 2028)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<p><em>2023: </em>Julius Maada BIO elected president in first round; percent of vote - Julius Maada BIO (SLPP) 56.1%, Samura KAMARA (APC) 41.1%<em><br>2018: </em>Julius Maada BIO elected president in second round; percent of vote - Julius Maada BIO (SLPP) 51.8%, Samura KAMARA (APC) 48.2%<br><br></p>"
"text": "<br><em>2023: </em>Julius Maada BIO elected president in first round; percent of vote - Julius Maada BIO (SLPP) 56.2%, Samura KAMARA (APC) 41.2%, other 2.6%<br><em><br>2018: </em>Julius Maada BIO elected president in second round; percent of vote - Julius Maada BIO (SLPP) 51.8%, Samura KAMARA (APC) 48.2%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -600,7 +600,7 @@
"text": "All People's Congress or APC [Ernest Bai KOROMA]<br>Coalition for Change or C4C [Tamba R. SANDY]<br>National Grand Coalition or NGC [Dr. Dennis BRIGHT]<br>Sierra Leone People's Party or SLPP [Dr. Prince HARDING]<br>numerous other parties"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, ATMIS, AU, C, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNSOM, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ACP, AfDB, ATMIS, AU, C, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNOOSA, UNSOM, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

2
africa/so.json
View file

@ -550,7 +550,7 @@
"text": "president indirectly elected by the Federal Parliament by two-thirds majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term; election last held on 15 May 2022 (next to be held in 2026); prime minister appointed by the president, approved by the House of the People; note - elections were originally scheduled for 10 October 2021 but did not take place; on 13 April 2022, the election of the House of the People representatives was completed and the presidential election date was set for 15 May 2022"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em>2022:</em> HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud elected president in third round - Federal Parliament vote in the first round - Said ABDULLAHI DENI (Kaah) 20.2%, Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" (TPP) 18.3%, HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud (PDP) 16.2%, Hassan Ali KHAYRE (Independent) 14.6%, other 30.7%; Federal Parliament vote in the second round - HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud (PDP) 34.1%, Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" (TPP) 25.7%, Said ABDULLAHI DENI (Kaah) 21%, Hassan Ali KHAYRE (Independent) 19.2%; Federal Parliament vote in the third round - HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud (PDP) 66%, Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" (TPP) 34%<br><br><em>2017:</em> Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" elected president in second round; Federal Parliament vote in the first round - HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud (PDP) 88, Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" (TPP) 72, Sheikh SHARIF Sheikh Ahmed (ARS) 49, other 37; Federal Parliament vote in the second round - Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" (TPP) 184, HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud (PDP) 97, Sheikh SHARIF Sheikh Ahmed (ARS) 45"
"text": "<em><br>2022:</em> HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud elected president in third round - Federal Parliament percent of vote in first round - Said ABDULLAHI DENI (Kaah) 20.2%, Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" (TPP) 18.3%, HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud (PDP) 16.2%, Hassan Ali KHAYRE (independent) 14.6%, other 30.7%; Federal Parliament percent of vote in second round - HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud 34.1%, Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" 25.7%, Said ABDULLAHI DENI 21%, Hassan Ali KHAYRE 19.2%; Federal Parliament percent of vote in third round - HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud  66%, Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" 34%<br><br><em>2017:</em> Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" elected president in second round; Federal Parliament number of votes in first round - HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud (PDP) 88, Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" (TPP) 72, Sheikh SHARIF Sheikh Ahmed (ARS) 49, other 37; Federal Parliament number of votes in second round - Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" 184, HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud 97, Sheikh SHARIF Sheikh Ahmed 45"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {

4
africa/su.json
View file

@ -607,7 +607,7 @@
"text": "<p>Major Parties as of April 2019: <br>Democratic Unionist Party [Muhammad Uthman al-MIRGHANI]<br>Democratic Unionist Party or DUP [Babika BABIKER]<br>Federal Umma Party [Dr. Ahmed Babikir NAHAR]<br>Muslim Brotherhood or MB [Sadig Abdalla ABDELMAJID and Dr. Yousif Al-Hibir Nor-ELDAYIM]<br>National Congress Party or NCP [Umar Hassan Ahmad al-BASHIR]<br>National Umma Party or NUP [Fadlallah Baramah NASSER]<br>Popular Congress Party or PCP [Nawal Al-KHIDIR]<br>Reform Movement Now [Dr. Ghazi Salahuddin al-ATABANI]<br>Sudan National Front [Ali Mahmud HASANAYN]<br>Sudanese Communist Party or SCP [Mohammed Moktar Al-KHATEEB]<br>Sudanese Congress Party or SCoP [Omar El DIGAIR]<br>Umma Party for Reform and Development [Mubarak Al-Fadul Al-MAHDI]<br>Unionist Movement Party or UMP [led by DUP Chair Mohammed Osama Al-MERGHANI]</p> <strong>note: </strong>in November 2019, the transitional government banned the National Congress Party"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ABEDA, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AU, CAEU, COMESA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)"
"text": "ABEDA, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AU, CAEU, COMESA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1245,7 +1245,7 @@
"text": "808,336 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 137,402 (Eritrea) (refugees and asylum seekers), 93,477 (Syria) (refugees and asylum seekers), 72,334 (Ethiopia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 24,370 (Central African Republic) (2023)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "4.38 million (armed conflict between rival factions of the military government of Sudan since 15 April 2023) (2023)"
"text": "3.6 million (armed conflict between rival factions of the military government of Sudan since 15 April 2023) (2023)"
}
}
}

4
africa/to.json
View file

@ -581,10 +581,10 @@
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 22 February 2020 (next to be held 2025); prime minister appointed by the president"
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 22 February 2020 (next to be held in 2025); prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<p><em>2020:</em> Faure GNASSINGBE reelected president; percent of vote - Faure GNASSINGBE (UNIR) 70.8%, Agbeyome KODJO (MPDD) 19.5%, Jean-Pierre FABRE (ANC) 4.7%, other 5%<br><br><em>2015:</em> Faure GNASSINGBE reelected president; percent of vote - Faure GNASSINGBE (UNIR) 58.8%, Jean-Pierre FABRE (ANC) 35.2%, Tchaboure GOGUE (ADDI) 4%, other 2%</p> <p> </p>"
"text": "<br><em>2020:</em> Faure GNASSINGBE reelected president; percent of vote - Faure GNASSINGBE (UNIR) 70.8%, Agbeyome KODJO (MPDD) 19.5%, Jean-Pierre FABRE (ANC) 4.7%, other 5%<br><br><em>2015:</em> Faure GNASSINGBE reelected president; percent of vote - Faure GNASSINGBE (UNIR) 58.8%, Jean-Pierre FABRE (ANC) 35.2%, Tchaboure GOGUE (ADDI) 4%, other 2% <p> </p>"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {

2
africa/tp.json
View file

@ -556,7 +556,7 @@
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 18 July 2021 and runoff on 5 September 2021 (next to be held in 2026); prime minister chosen by the National Assembly and approved by the president"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<p><em>2021:</em> Carlos Manuel VILA NOVA elected president in the second round; percent of vote in the first round - Carlos Manuel VILA NOVA (IDA) 39.5%; Guilherme POSSER DA COSTA (MLSTP-PSD) 20.8%; Delfim NEVES (PCD-GR) 16.9%; Abel BOM JESUS (independent) 3.6%; Maria DAS NEVES (independent) 3.3%; other 15.9%; percent of the vote in the second round - Carlos Manuel VILA NOVA (IDA) 57.5%, Guilherme POSSER DA COSTA (MLSTP-PSD) 42.5%<br><br><em>2016:</em> Evaristo CARVALHO elected president; percent of vote - Evaristo CARVALHO (ADI) 49.8%, Manuel Pinto DA COSTA (independent) 24.8%, Maria DAS NEVES (MLSTP-PSD) 24.1%; note - first round results for CARVALHO were revised downward from just over 50%, prompting the 7 August runoff; however, on 1 August 2016 DA COSTA withdrew from the runoff, citing voting irregularities, and CARVALHO was declared the winner</p>"
"text": "<br><em>2021: </em>Carlos Manuel VILA NOVA elected president in the second round; percent of vote in the first round - Carlos Manuel VILA NOVA (IDA) 39.5%; Guilherme POSSER DA COSTA (MLSTP-PSD) 20.8%; Delfim NEVES (PCD-GR) 16.9%; Abel BOM JESUS (independent) 3.6%; Maria DAS NEVES (independent) 3.3%; other 15.9%; percent of the vote in second round - Carlos Manuel VILA NOVA 57.5%, Guilherme POSSER DA COSTA 42.5%<em><br><br><em>2016: </em></em>Evaristo CARVALHO elected president; percent of vote - Evaristo CARVALHO (ADI) 49.8%, Manuel Pinto DA COSTA (independent) 24.8%, Maria DAS NEVES (MLSTP-PSD) 24.1%; note - first round results for CARVALHO were revised downward from just over 50%, prompting the 7 August runoff; however, on 1 August 2016 DA<em> COSTA </em>withdrew from the runoff, citing voting irregularities, and Evaristo CARVALHO was declared the winner"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {

6
africa/ts.json
View file

@ -543,7 +543,7 @@
"text": "President Kais SAIED (elected 13 October, sworn in 23 October 2019)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Najla BOUDEN Romdhane (since 11 October 2021)"
"text": "Prime Minister Ahmed HACHANI (since 1 August 2023)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "prime minister appointed by the president; other cabinet members appointed by the president in consultation with the prime minister"
@ -552,7 +552,7 @@
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); last held on 15 September 2019 with a runoff on 13 October 2019 (next to be held in 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<p><em>2019: </em>percent vote in first round - Kais SAIED (independent) 18.4%, Nabil KAROUI (Heart of Tunisia) 15.6%, Abdelfattah MOUROU (Nahda Movement) 12.9%, Abdelkrim ZBIDI (independent) 10.7%, Youssef CHAHED (Long Live Tunisia) 7.4%, Safi SAID (independent) 7.1%, Lotfi MRAIHI (Republican People's Union) 6.6%, other 21.3%; percent of vote in second round - Kais SAIED elected president; Kais SAIED 72.7%, Nabil KAROUI 27.3%</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>"
"text": "<em><br>2019: </em>percent vote in first round - Kais SAIED (independent) 18.4%, Nabil KAROUI (Heart of Tunisia) 15.6%, Abdelfattah MOUROU (Nahda Movement) 12.9%, Abdelkrim ZBIDI (independent) 10.7%, Youssef CHAHED (Long Live Tunisia) 7.4%, Safi SAID (independent) 7.1%, Lotfi MRAIHI (Republican People's Union) 6.6%, other 21.3%; percent of vote in second round - Kais SAIED elected president; Kais SAIED 72.7%, Nabil KAROUI 27.3% <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>"
},
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the president can dismiss any member of government on his own initiative or in consultation with the prime minister"
},
@ -583,7 +583,7 @@
"text": "note - President SAIED in 2022 issued a decree that forbids political parties' participation in legislative elections; although parties remain a facet of Tunisian political life, they have lost significant influence<br>Afek Tounes [Fadhel ABDELKEFI]<br>Al Badil Al-Tounisi (The Tunisian Alternative) [Mehdi JOMAA]<br>Al-Amal Party [Ridha BELHAJ]<br>Call for Tunisia Party (Nidaa Tounes) [Ali HAFSI]<br>Current of Love [Hachemi HAMDI] (formerly the Popular Petition party)<br>Democratic Current [Ghazi CHAOUACHI]<br>Democratic Patriots' Unified Party [Zied LAKHDHAR]<br>Dignity Coalition or Al Karama Coalition [Seifeddine MAKHLOUF]<br>Ennahda Movement (The Renaissance) [Rached GHANNOUCHI]<br>Free Destourian Party or PDL [Abir MOUSSI]<br>Green Tunisia Party [Abdelkader ZITOUNI]<br>Heart of Tunisia (Qalb Tounes) [Nabil KAROUI]<br>Long Live Tunisia (Tahya Tounes) [Youssef CHAHED]<br>Machrou Tounes (Project Tunisia) [Mohsen MARZOUK]<br>Movement of Socialist Democrats or MDS [Ahmed KHASKHOUSSI]<br>Party of the Democratic Arab Vanguard [Kheireddine SOUABNI]<br>People's Movement [Zouheir MAGHZAOUI]<br>Republican Party (Al Joumhouri) [Issam CHEBBI] <br>The Movement Party (Hizb Harak) [Moncef MARZOUKI]<br>Third Republic Party [Olfa HAMDI]<br>Tunisian Ba'ath Movement [Othmen Bel Haj AMOR]<br>Voice of the Republic [Ali HAFSI]<br>Workers' Party [Hamma HAMMAMI]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, BSEC (observer), CAEU, CD, EBRD, FAO, G-11, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, BSEC (observer), CAEU, CD, EBRD, FAO, G-11, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

8
africa/tz.json
View file

@ -595,10 +595,10 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Samia Suluhu HASSAN (since 19 March 2021); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; note - President John MAGUFULI died on 17 March 2021; Vice President Philip MPANGO"
"text": "President Samia Suluhu HASSAN (since 19 March 2021); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; note - following the death of President John MAGUFULI in March 2021, then Vice President Samia Suluhu HASSAN assumed the presidency; Vice President Philip MPANGO (since 31 March 2021)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "President Samia Suluhu HASSAN (since 19 March 2021); Vice President Philip MPANGO; Prime Minister Kassim Majaliwa MAJALIWA (since 20 November 2015) has authority over the day-to-day functions of the government, is the leader of government business in the National Assembly, and head of the Cabinet"
"text": "President Samia Suluhu HASSAN (since 19 March 2021); Vice President Philip MPANGO; Prime Minister Kassim MAJALIWA (since 20 November 2015) has authority over the day-to-day functions of the government, is the leader of government business in the National Assembly, and is head of the Cabinet"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president from among members of the National Assembly"
@ -607,7 +607,7 @@
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 28 October 2020 (next to be held in October 2025); prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em>2020</em>: John MAGUFULI reelected president; percent of vote - John MAGUFULI (CCM) 84.4%, Tundu LISSU (CHADEMA) 13%, other 2.6%<br><br><em>2015</em>: John MAGUFULI elected president; percent of vote - John MAGUFULI (CCM) 58.5%, Edward LOWASSA (CHADEMA) 40%, other 1.5%"
"text": "<br><em>2020</em>: John MAGUFULI reelected president; percent of vote - John MAGUFULI (CCM) 84.4%, Tundu LISSU (CHADEMA) 13%, other 2.6%<br><br><em>2015</em>: John MAGUFULI elected president; percent of vote - John MAGUFULI (CCM) 58.5%, Edward LOWASSA (CHADEMA) 40%, other 1.5%"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Zanzibar elects a president as head of government for internal matters; elections were held on 28 October 2020; Hussein MWINYI (CCM) 76.3%, Maalim Seif SHARIF (ACT-Wazalendo) 19.9%, other 3.8%"
},
@ -1287,7 +1287,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "126,381 (Burundi), 88,066 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2023)"
"text": "125,221 (Burundi), 88,160 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2023)"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

2
africa/uv.json
View file

@ -607,7 +607,7 @@
"text": "Act Together [Kadre OUEDRAOGO]<br>African Democratic Rally/Alliance for Democracy and Federation or ADF/RDA [Gilbert Noel OUEDRAOGO]<br>Congress for Democracy and Progress or CDP [Eddie KOMBOIGO]<br>Convergence for Progress and Solidarity-Generation 3 or CPS-G3<br>Movement for the Future Burkina Faso or MBF<br>National Convention for Progress or CNP<br>New Era for Democracy or NTD [Vincent DABILGOU]<br>Pan-African Alliance for Refoundation or APR<br>Party for Democracy and Socialism/Metba or PDS/Metba [Philippe OUEDRAOGO]<br>Party for Development and Change or PDC [Aziz SEREME]<br>Patriotic Rally for Integrity or RPI<br>Peoples Movement for Progress or MPP [Roch Marc Christian KABORE]<br>Progressives United for Renewal or PUR<br>Union for Progress and Reform or UPC [Zephirin DIABRE]<br>Union for Rebirth - Sankarist Party or UNIR-PS [Benewende Stanislas SANKARA]<br><br><strong>note:</strong> only parties with seats in the National Assembly included"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, CD, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSCA, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, CD, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSCA, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNMISS, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

6
africa/wa.json
View file

@ -575,10 +575,10 @@
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president from among members of the National Assembly"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 28 November 2019 (next to be held in 2024)"
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 28 November 2019 (next to be held in 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<p><em>2019:</em> Hage GEINGOB elected president in the first round; percent of vote - Hage GEINGOB (SWAPO) 56.3%, Panduleni ITULA (Independent) 29.4%, McHenry VENAANI (PDM) 5.3%, Bernadus SWARTBOOI (LPM) 2.7%, Apius AUCHAB (UDF) 2.7%, Esther MUINJANGUE (NUDO) 1.5%, other 2%</p> <p><em>2014:</em> Hage GEINGOB elected president in the first round; percent of vote - Hage GEINGOB (SWAPO) 86.7%, McHenry VENAANI (DTA) 5.0%, Hidipo HAMUTENYA (RDP) 3.4%, Asser MBAI (NUDO)1.9%, Henk MUDGE (RP) 1.0%, other 2.0%</p> (2019)"
"text": "<p><em>2019:</em> Hage GEINGOB reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Hage GEINGOB (SWAPO) 56.3%, Panduleni ITULA (independent) 29.4%, McHenry VENAANI (PDM) 5.3%, Apius AUCHAB (UDF) 2.7%, Bernadus SWARTBOOI (LPM) 2.7%, Esther MUINJANGUE (NUDO) 1.5%, other 2%</p> <p><em>2014:</em> Hage GEINGOB elected president in the first round; percent of vote - Hage GEINGOB (SWAPO) 86.7%, McHenry VENAANI (DTA) 5.0%, Hidipo HAMUTENYA (RDP) 3.4%, Asser MBAI (NUDO)1.9%, Henk MUDGE (RP) 1.0%, other 2.0%</p>"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -1231,7 +1231,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "6,296 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2023)"
"text": "6,233 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2023)"
}
}
}

4
africa/zi.json
View file

@ -593,10 +593,10 @@
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (80 seats; 60 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies - 6 seats in each of the 10 provinces - by proportional representation vote, 16 indirectly elected by the regional governing councils, 2 reserved for the National Council Chiefs, and 2 reserved for members with disabilities; members serve 5-year terms)<br><br>National Assembly (270 seats; 210 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 60 seats reserved for women directly elected by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<p>Senate - last held for elected member on 30 July 2018 (next to be held in 2023)<br>National Assembly - last held on 30 July 2018 (next to be held in 2023)</p>"
"text": "<p>Senate - last held for elected member on 30 July 2018 (next to be held in 2023)<br>National Assembly - last held on 23 August 2023 (next to be held in 2028)</p>"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<p>Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ZANU-PF 34, MDC Alliance 25, Chiefs 18, people with disabilities 2, MDC-T 1; composition - men 45, women 35, percent of women 43.8%<br><br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ZANU-PF 179, MDC Alliance 88, MDC-T 1, NPF 1, independent 1; composition - men 184, women 81, percent of women 31.5%; note - total Parliament percent of women 34.3%</p>"
"text": "<p>Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ZANU-PF 34, MDC Alliance 25, Chiefs 18, people with disabilities 2, MDC-T 1; composition - men 45, women 35, percent of women 43.8%<br><br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ZANU-PF 136, CCC-73, vacant-1; composition - men 184, women 81, percent of women 31.5%; note - total Parliament percent of women 34.3%</p>"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {

14
australia-oceania/as.json
View file

@ -608,7 +608,7 @@
"text": "Australian Greens Party or The Greens [Adam BANDT]<br>Australian Labor Party or ALP [Anthony ALBANESE]<br>Liberal Party of Australia [Peter DUTTON]<br>The Nationals [David LITTLEPROUD]<br>Pauline Hanson’s One Nation or PHON or ONP [Pauline HANSON]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB, ANZUS, APEC, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, C, CD, CP, EAS, EBRD, EITI (implementing country), FAO, FATF, G-20, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NEA, NSG, OECD, OPCW, OSCE (partner), Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, PIF, SAARC (observer), Quad, SICA (observer), Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNMISS, UNMIT, UNRWA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
"text": "ADB, ANZUS, APEC, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, C, CD, CP, EAS, EBRD, EITI (implementing country), FAO, FATF, G-20, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NEA, NSG, OECD, OPCW, OSCE (partner), Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, PIF, SAARC (observer), Quad, SICA (observer), Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNMISS, UNMIT, UNOOSA, UNRWA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1243,8 +1243,11 @@
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>the Army includes a Special Operations Command, while the Navy includes a Naval Aviation Force<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the Australian Federal Police is an independent agency of the Attorney-General’s Department; it, along with state and territorial police forces are responsible for internal security; the Australian Border Force is under the Department of Home Affairs "
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2023": {
"text": "2% of GDP (2023 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
"text": "2% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "2% of GDP (2022)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
"text": "2.1% of GDP (2021)"
@ -1254,17 +1257,14 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "2% of GDP (2019)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2018": {
"text": "1.9% of GDP (2018)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 60,000 active troops (30,000 Army; 15,000 Navy; 15,000 Air Force) (2022)"
"text": "approximately 60,000 active troops (30,000 Army; 15,000 Navy; 15,000 Air Force) (2023)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory includes a mix of domestically produced and imported Western weapons systems; in recent years, the US has been the largest supplier of arms; the Australian defense industry produces a variety of land and sea weapons platforms; the defense industry also participates in joint development and production ventures with other Western countries, including the US and Canada (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in 2023, the Australian defense ministry announced a new strategic review that called for the acquisition of more long-range deterrence capabilities, including missiles, submarines, and cyber tools "
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in 2023, the Australian defense ministry announced a new strategic review that called for the acquisition of more long-range deterrence capabilities, including missiles, submarines, and cyber tools"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "17 years of age for voluntary military service (with parental consent); no conscription (abolished 1973); women allowed to serve in all roles, including combat arms, since 2013 (2022)",

6
australia-oceania/bp.json
View file

@ -855,13 +855,13 @@
"Energy": {
"Electricity access": {
"electrification - total population": {
"text": "66.7% (2018)"
"text": "76.3% (2021)"
},
"electrification - urban areas": {
"text": "76.7% (2018)"
"text": "79.2% (2021)"
},
"electrification - rural areas": {
"text": "63.5% (2018)"
"text": "75.3% (2021)"
}
},
"Electricity": {

2
australia-oceania/cq.json
View file

@ -418,7 +418,7 @@
"text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of 'electors' chosen from each state; president and vice president serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of the Northern Mariana Islands do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; however, they may vote in Democratic and Republican party presidential primary elections; governor directly elected by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; election last held on 8 November 2022 (next to be held in 2026)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Arnold PALACIOS elected governor in runoff election held 25 November 2022; percent of vote - Arnold PALACIOS (independent) elected 54%, Ralph TORRES (Republican) 46%; David APATANG (independent) elected lieutenant governor"
"text": "percent of vote in first round - Ralph TORRES (Republican) 38.8%; Arnold PALACIOS (independent) 32.2%, Tina SABLAN (Democrat) 28%; Arnold PALACIOS elected governor in second round (held on 25 November 2022); percent of vote - Arnold PALACIOS 54%, Ralph TORRES 46%; David APATANG (independent) elected lieutenant governor"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {

4
australia-oceania/nc.json
View file

@ -436,7 +436,7 @@
"text": "French president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of New Caledonia elected by Territorial Congress for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 8 July 2021 (next to be held in 2026)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em><br>2021:</em> Louis MAPOU elected president by Territorial Congress with 6 votes out of 11<br><em>2019:</em> Thieryy SANTA elected president by Territorial Congress; vote NA"
"text": "<em><br>2021:</em> Louis MAPOU (PALIKA) elected president by Territorial Congress with 6 votes out of 11<br><em>2019: </em>Thieryy SANTA (The Republicans) elected president by Territorial Congress with 6 votes out of 11"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -723,7 +723,7 @@
"Energy": {
"Electricity access": {
"electrification - total population": {
"text": "100% (2020)"
"text": "100% (2021)"
}
},
"Electricity": {

2
australia-oceania/nr.json
View file

@ -478,7 +478,7 @@
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral parliament (19 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by majority vote using the \"Dowdall\" counting system by which voters rank candidates on their ballots; members serve 3-year terms)"
"text": "unicameral Parliament (19 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by majority vote using the \"Dowdall\" counting system by which voters rank candidates on their ballots; members serve 3-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 24 September 2022 (next to be held in September 2025)"

2
australia-oceania/nz.json
View file

@ -579,7 +579,7 @@
"text": "ACT New Zealand [David SEYMOUR]<br>Green Party [Marama DAVIDSON and James SHAW]<br>Mana Movement [Hone HARAWIRA] (formerly Mana Party)<br>Maori Party [Debbie NGAREWA-PACKER and Rawiri WAITITI]<br>New Zealand First Party or NZ First [Winston PETERS]<br>New Zealand Labor Party [Chris HIPKINS]<br>New Zealand National Party [Christopher LUXON]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB, ANZUS, APEC, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, C, CD, CP, EAS, EBRD, FAO, FATF, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NSG, OECD, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club (associate), PCA, PIF, SICA (observer), Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNTSO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ADB, ANZUS, APEC, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, C, CD, CP, EAS, EBRD, FAO, FATF, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NSG, OECD, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club (associate), PCA, PIF, SICA (observer), Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNOOSA, UNTSO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

2
australia-oceania/pc.json
View file

@ -347,7 +347,7 @@
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor and commissioner appointed by the monarch; island mayor directly elected by majority popular vote for a 3-year term; election last held on 9 November 2022 (next to be held not later than December 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<p>Simon YOUNG elected mayor and chairman of the Island Council; Island Council vote - NA; takes office 1 January 2023</p>"
"text": "<p>Simon YOUNG elected mayor and chairman of the Island Council; Island Council vote - NA; took office 1 January 2023</p>"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {

2
australia-oceania/ps.json
View file

@ -497,7 +497,7 @@
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on separate ballots by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<p><em>2020: </em>Surangel WHIPPS, Jr. elected president (in second round); percent of vote - Surangel WHIPPS, Jr. (independent) 56.7%, Raynold OILUCH (independent) 43.3%<br><br><em>2016:</em> Tommy REMENGESAU reelected president; percent of vote - Tommy REMENGESAU (independent) 51.3%, Surangel WHIPPS, Jr.(independent) 48.7%; Antonio BELLS elected vice president</p> <p> </p>"
"text": "<em>2020: </em>Surangel WHIPPS, Jr. elected president (in second round); percent of vote - Surangel WHIPPS, Jr. (independent) 56.7%, Raynold OILUCH (independent) 43.3%<br><br><em>2016:</em> Tommy REMENGESAU reelected president; percent of vote - Tommy REMENGESAU (independent) 51.3%, Surangel WHIPPS, Jr.(independent) 48.7%; Antonio BELLS elected vice president"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {

4
australia-oceania/tl.json
View file

@ -353,13 +353,13 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor General of New Zealand Governor General Dame Cindy KIRO (since 21 September 2021); New Zealand is represented by Administrator Ross ARDERN (since May 2018)"
"text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor-General of New Zealand Dame Cindy KIRO (since 21 September 2021); New Zealand is represented by Administrator Ross ARDERN (since May 2018)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "(Ulu o Tokelau) Kelihiano KALOLO (since 8 March 2021); note - position rotates annually among the three Faipule (village leaders) of the atolls"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau (or Tokelau Council) functions as a cabinet; consists of 3 Faipule (village leaders) and 3 Pulenuku (village mayors)"
"text": "Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau (or Tokelau Council) functions as a cabinet; consists of 3 village leaders (Faipule) and 3 village mayors (Pulenuku)"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; head of government chosen from the Council of Faipule to serve a 1-year term"

2
australia-oceania/tn.json
View file

@ -522,7 +522,7 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "King TUPOU VI (since 18 March 2012); Heir Apparent Crown Prince Siaosi Manumataogo 'Alaivahamama'o 'Ahoeitu Konstantin Tuku'aho, son of the king (born 17 September 1985); note - on 18 March 2012, King George TUPOU V died and his brother, Crown Prince TUPOUTO'A Lavaka, assumed the throne as TUPOU VI"
"text": "King TUPOU VI (since 18 March 2012); Heir Apparent Crown Prince Siaosi Manumataogo 'Alaivahamama'o 'Ahoeitu Konstantin Tuku'aho, son of the king (born 17 September 1985)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Siaosi SOVALENI (since 27 December 2021)"

2
australia-oceania/wq.json
View file

@ -197,7 +197,7 @@
"Energy": {
"Electricity access": {
"electrification - total population": {
"text": "100% (2020)"
"text": "100% (2021)"
}
},
"Electricity": {

4
australia-oceania/ws.json
View file

@ -516,13 +516,13 @@
"text": "Prime Minister FIAME Naomi Mata&rsquo;afa (since 24 May 2021)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the chief of state on the prime minister's advice"
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the chief of state on the advice of the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "chief of state indirectly elected by the Legislative Assembly to serve a 5-year term (2-term limit); election last held on 23 August 2022 (next to be held in 2027); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is usually appointed prime minister by the chief of state, approved by the Legislative Assembly"
},
"election results": {
"text": "TUIMALEALI'IFANO Va&rsquo;aletoa Sualauvi unanimously reelected by the Legislative Assembly on 23 August 2022"
"text": "<br><em>2022</em>: TUIMALEALI'IFANO Va’aletoa Sualauvi II (independent) unanimously reelected by the Legislative Assembly"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {

8
central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json
View file

@ -1082,8 +1082,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Barbados Defense Force: The Barbados Regiment, The Barbados Coast Guard (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> authority over the BDF is shared between the president and prime minister, with the president overseeing strategic direction and the prime minister responsible for operational leadership"
"text": "Barbados Defense Force (BDF): The Barbados Regiment, The Barbados Coast Guard (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>the BDF also has a Youth Development Wing, which is comprised of the Barbados Cadet Corps and the Barbados Defense Force Sports Program<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> authority over the BDF is shared between the president and prime minister, with the president overseeing strategic direction and the prime minister responsible for operational leadership<br><br><strong>note 3: </strong>the Barbados Police Service (TBPS) is the national police force; it is modeled after London's Metropolitan Police Service and divided into three territorial divisions"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
@ -1109,10 +1109,10 @@
"text": "the Netherlands provide the BDF's major equipment inventory (maritime patrol boats) (2023)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "voluntary service only (men and women); 17 years, 9 months to 17 years, 11 months with letter of consent from a parent or guardian, or be in the age range of 18-25 years at the start of recruit training; citizens of Barbados by descent or naturalization (2022)"
"text": "voluntary service only (men and women); 17 years, 9 months to 17 years, 11 months with letter of consent from a parent or guardian, or be in the age range of 18-25 years (18-30 for the Reserves) at the start of recruit training; citizens of Barbados by descent or naturalization (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "formed in 1979, the Barbados Defense Force is responsible for protecting national security, but it may also be called up to maintain public order in times of crisis, emergency, or other specific needs, such as special joint patrols with the police; the Barbados Regiment traces its roots back to 1640 when the first units of the Barbados Militia were raised for defense purposes<br><br>Barbados has been a member of the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS) since its creation in 1982; RSS signatories (Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security; the RSS is headquartered in Barbados (2023)"
"text": "formed in 1979, the Barbados Defense Force (BDF) is responsible for protecting national security, but it may also be called up to maintain internal public order in times of crisis, emergency, or other specific needs, such as special joint patrols with the police; it also provides humanitarian assistance and disaster response operations both domestically and regionally under the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS); other duties include assisting with national development, such as through the training of the country's youth with the units of the Barbados Cadet Corps <br><br>Barbados has been a member of the Caribbean RSS since its creation in 1982; RSS signatories (Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security; the RSS is headquartered in Barbados (2023)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

6
central-america-n-caribbean/bf.json
View file

@ -1087,7 +1087,7 @@
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Royal Bahamas Defense Force (RBDF): includes land, air, maritime elements; Royal Bahamas Police Force (RBPF) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the RBPF maintains internal security; both the RBDF and the RBPF report to the minister of national security"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the RBPF maintains internal security; both the RBDF and the RBPF, as well as the Department of Corrections, report to the Minister of National Security"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
@ -1107,13 +1107,13 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 1,500 active RBDF personnel (2022)"
"text": "approximately 1,500 active RBDF personnel (2023)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "most of the RBDF's major equipment inventory is supplied by the Netherlands (2023)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary male and female service; no conscription (2022)"
"text": "18-30 years of age for voluntary male and female service (18-60 for Reserves); no conscription (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "established in 1980; the RBDF's primary responsibilities are disaster relief, maritime security, and counter-narcotics operations; it also provides security at a detention center for migrants and performs some domestic security functions, such as guarding embassies; the RBDF is a naval force, but includes a lightly-armed marine infantry/commando squadron for base and internal security, as well as a few light non-combat aircraft; the maritime element has coastal patrol craft and patrol boats; the RBDF maintains training relationships with the UK and the US (2023)"

6
central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json
View file

@ -1151,7 +1151,7 @@
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
"text": "1.2% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "1.1% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2021 est.)"
@ -1167,13 +1167,13 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 1,300 BDF personnel; approximately 300 Belize Coast Guard (2022)"
"text": "approximately 1,500 BDF personnel; approximately 500 Coast Guard (2023)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military has a small inventory consisting mostly of UK- and US-origin equipment (2023)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; laws allow for conscription only if volunteers are insufficient, but conscription has never been implemented; initial service obligation is 12 years (2022)"
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; laws allow for conscription only if volunteers are insufficient, but conscription has never been implemented; initial service obligation is 12 years (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the Belize Defense Force (BDF) is responsible for external security but also provides some support to civilian authorities; it has limited powers of arrest within land and shoreline areas, while the Coast Guard has arrest powers and jurisdiction within coastal and maritime areas; the BDF traces its history back to the Prince Regent Royal Honduras Militia, a volunteer force established in 1817; the BDF was established in 1978 from the disbanded Police Special Force and the Belize Volunteer Guard to assist the resident British forces with the defense of Belize against Guatemala</p> <p>the British Army has maintained a presence in Belize since its independence; the presence consists of a small training support unit that provides jungle training to troops from the UK and international partners</p> (2023)"

2
central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json
View file

@ -596,7 +596,7 @@
"text": "<p>Accessibility Without Exclusion or PASE [Oscar Andres LOPEZ Arias]<br>Broad Front (Frente Amplio) or PFA [Ana Patricia MORA Castellanos]<br>Christian Democratic Alliance or ADC [Mario REDONDO Poveda]<br>Citizen Action Party or PAC [Marta Eugenia SOLANO Arias]<br>Costa Rican Renewal Party or PRC [Justo OROZCO Alvarez]<br>Liberal Progressive Party or PLP [Eliecer FEINZAIG Mintz]<br>Libertarian Movement Party or ML [Victor Danilo CUBERO Corrales]<br>National Integration Party or PIN [Walter MUNOZ Cespedes]<br>National Liberation Party or PLN [Kattia RIVERA Soto]<br>National Restoration Party or PRN [Carlos Luis AVENDANO Calvo]<br>New Generation or PNG [Rodolfo SOLIS Herrera]<br>New Republic Party or PNR [Francisco Javier PRENDAS Rodriguez]<br>Patriotic Alliance [Jorge ARAYA Westover]<br>Social Christian Republican Party or PRS [Otto ROBERTO Vargas]<br>Social Christian Unity Party or PUSC of UNIDAD [Randall QUIROS Bustamante]<br>Social Democratic Progress Party or PPSD [Luz Mary ALPIZAR Loaiza]<br><br></p>"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "BCIE, CACM, CD, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, NAM (observer), OAS, OIF (observer), OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, SICA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "BCIE, CACM, CD, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, NAM (observer), OAS, OIF (observer), OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, SICA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json
View file

@ -604,7 +604,7 @@
"text": "Cuban Communist Party or PCC [Miguel DIAZ-CANEL Bermudez]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, ALBA, AOSIS, CELAC, EAEU (observer), FAO, G-77, IAEA, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IFAD, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, NAM, OAS (excluded from formal participation since 1962), OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, Petrocaribe, PIF (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ACP, ALBA, AOSIS, CELAC, EAEU (observer), FAO, G-77, IAEA, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IFAD, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, NAM, OAS (excluded from formal participation since 1962), OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, Petrocaribe, PIF (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

10
central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json
View file

@ -605,7 +605,7 @@
"text": "Alliance for Democracy or APD<br>Broad Front (Frente Amplio) [Fidel SANTANA]<br>Country Alliance or AP [Guillermo Antonio MORENO Garcia]<br>Dominican Liberation Party or PLD [Danilo MEDINA Sánchez]<br>Dominican Revolutionary Party or PRD [Miguel VARGAS Maldonado]<br>Dominicans For Change or DXC [Manuel OVIEDO Estrada]<br>Institutional Social Democratic Bloc or BIS<br>Liberal Reformist Party or PRL (formerly the Liberal Party of the Dominican Republic or PLRD)<br>Modern Revolutionary Party or PRM [Luis ABINADER]<br>National Progressive Front or FNP [Vinicio CASTILLO, Pelegrin CASTILLO]<br>People's Force or FP [Leonel FERNANDEZ Reyna]<br>Social Christian Reformist Party or PRSC [Federico Augusto \"Quique\" ANTUN Batile]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AOSIS, BCIE, Caricom (observer), CD, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, MIGA, MINUSMA, NAM, OAS, OIF (observer), OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, Petrocaribe, SICA (associated member), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ACP, AOSIS, BCIE, Caricom (observer), CD, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, MIGA, MINUSMA, NAM, OAS, OIF (observer), OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, Petrocaribe, SICA (associated member), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1260,6 +1260,14 @@
"text": "133,770 (2016); note - a September 2013 Constitutional Court ruling revoked the citizenship of those born after 1929 to immigrants without proper documentation, even though the constitution at the time automatically granted citizenship to children born in the Dominican Republic and the 2010 constitution provides that constitutional provisions cannot be applied retroactively; the decision overwhelmingly affected people of Haitian descent whose relatives had come to the Dominican Republic since the 1890s as a cheap source of labor for sugar plantations; a May 2014 law passed by the Dominican Congress regularizes the status of those with birth certificates but will require those without them to prove they were born in the Dominican Republic and to apply for naturalization; the government has issued documents to thousands of individuals who may claim citizenship under this law, but no official estimate has been released"
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; the Dominican Republic does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; more traffickers were convicted, two police officers were investigated for trafficking crimes, and cooperation with international law enforcement increased; officials identified more victims and implemented new protections for vulnerable domestic workers; however, the government did not demonstrate overall increasing efforts, compared with the previous reporting period, to expand its anti-trafficking capacity; the government systemically and persistently failed to screen vulnerable migrant or undocumented populations, failed to refer victims to services, and did not provide these groups with justice in trafficking crimes; officials investigated and prosecuted fewer traffickers, did not adequately investigate labor trafficking cases involving migrants and children, and did not identify victims; the government did not adopt draft amendments to improve anti-trafficking laws, did not adequately fund or provide resources to anti-trafficking efforts, and did not complete a new National Action Plan; therefore, the Dominican Republic was downgraded to Tier 2 Watch List (2023)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in the Dominican Republic, and victims from the Dominican Republic are exploited abroad; Dominican women and children, particularly from impoverished areas, were victims of sex trafficking throughout the Dominican Republic, the Caribbean, South and Central America, Europe, the Middle East, and the US; a 2022 study found family networks, social media recruiting, domestic servitude, inequality, gender-based violence, lack of information and education, and corruption were the primary causes of trafficking of Dominican women and girls in Costa Rica, Spain, and Switzerland; foreign victims, especially from Colombia, Haiti, Venezuela, other parts of the Caribbean and Latin America, and Asia, were trafficked in the Dominican Republic; the Dominican Republic is a destination for sex tourists &ndash; primarily from North America and Europe &ndash; for child sex trafficking; traffickers increased recruiting of Colombian and Venezuelan women to dance in strip clubs and later coerce them into sex trafficking; children are forced into domestic service, street vending, begging, agricultural work, construction, robbery gangs, and movement of illicit narcotics; traffickers reportedly operate along the Haitian-Dominican border, sometimes with assistance of corrupt government officials who accept bribes to allow undocumented crossings; LGBTQI+ individuals face high levels of violence, which may increase vulnerability to trafficking (2023)"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>major transshipment point for cocaine shipments to the United States and Europe in the Caribbean; some drugs are consumed locally.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>"
}

4
central-america-n-caribbean/es.json
View file

@ -584,7 +584,7 @@
"text": "Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Reynaldo CARBALLO]<br>Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front or FMLN [Oscar ORTIZ]<br>Great Alliance for National Unity or GANA [Nelson GUARDADO]<br>National Coalition Party or PCN [Manuel RODRIGUEZ]<br>Nationalist Republican Alliance or ARENA [Erick SALGUERO]<br>New Ideas (Nuevas Ideas) or NI [Xavier Zablah BUKELE]<br>Our Time (Nuestro Tiempo) or NT [Juan VALIENTE]<br>Vamos or V [Josue ALVARADO Flores]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "BCIE, CACM, CD, CELAC, FAO, G-11, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, Petrocaribe, SICA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "BCIE, CACM, CD, CELAC, FAO, G-11, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, Petrocaribe, SICA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1224,7 +1224,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2016, women made up about 6% of the active duty military"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "175 Mali (MINUSMA) (May 2022)"
"text": "110 Mali (MINUSMA) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Armed Force of El Salvador (FAES) is responsible for defending national sovereignty and ensuring territorial integrity but also has considerable domestic security responsibilities; while the National Civil Police (PNC) is responsible for maintaining public security, the country’s constitution allows the president to use the FAES “in exceptional circumstances” to maintain internal peace and public security; in 2016, the government created a special 1,000-strong joint unit of Army commandos and police to fight criminal gangs; more military personnel were devoted to internal security beginning in 2019 when President BUKELE signed a decree authorizing military involvement in police duties to combat rising gang violence, organized crime, and narcotics trafficking, as well as assisting with border security; since the decree, a considerable portion of the Army has been deployed in support of the PNC; in multiple cases since 2022, for example, as many as 8,000 troops have been deployed alongside thousands of police on single operations against criminal gang members <br><br>the FAES trains regularly, as well as with regional partners and the US, in such areas as internal security and disaster relief operations; it has deployed small numbers of personnel on UN peacekeeping missions and in support of military operations in Iraq (2003-2009); the FAES is deployed throughout the country in zones; the Army’s combat units are 6 infantry brigades, plus a special security brigade comprised of border guards and military police, and an artillery brigade; the Navy operates about 10 patrol boats and has a small force of naval commandos; the Air Force has a few dozen light ground attack fixed-wing aircraft and multirole helicopters<br><br>the military led the country for much of the 20th century; from 1980 to 1992, it fought a bloody civil war against guerrillas from the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front or FMLN, the paramilitary arm of the Democratic Revolutionary Front (Frente Democrático Revolucionario), a coalition of left-wing dissident political groups backed by Cuba and the Soviet Union; the FAES received considerable US support during the conflict; significant human rights violations occurred during the war and approximately 75,000 Salvadorans, mostly civilians, were killed (2023)"

14
central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json
View file

@ -562,10 +562,10 @@
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (not eligible for consecutive terms); election last held on 16 June 2019 with a runoff on 11 August 2019 (next to be held in June 2023)"
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (not eligible for consecutive terms); election last held on 25 June 2023 with a runoff on 20 August 2023 (next to be held in June 2027)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em><br>2019:</em> Alejandro GIAMMATTEI elected president; percent of vote in first round - Sandra TORRES (UNE) 25.5%, Alejandro GIAMMATTEI (VAMOS) 14%, Edmond MULET (PHG) 11.2%, Thelma CABRERA (MLP) 10.4%, Roberto ARZU (PAN-PODEMOS) 6.1%, other 32.8%; percent of vote in second round - Alejandro GIAMMATTEI (VAMOS) 58%, Sandra TORRES (UNE) 42%<br><br><em>2015:</em> Jimmy Ernesto MORALES Cabrera elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jimmy Ernesto MORALES Cabrera (FNC) 23.9%, Sandra TORRES (UNE) 19.8%, Manuel BALDIZON (LIDER) 19.6%, other 36.7%; percent of vote in second round - Jimmy Ernesto MORALES Cabrera 67.4%, Sandra TORRES 32.6%"
"text": "<em><br>2023:</em> Bernardo ARÉVALO de León elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Sandra TORRES (UNE) 21%; Bernardo ARÉVALO de León (SEMILLA) 15.6%, Manuel CONDE Orellana (VAMOS) 10.4%; Armando CASTILLO Alvarado (VIVA) 9.6%, other 43.4%; percent of vote in second round - Bernardo ARÉVALO de León 60.9%, Sandra TORRES 39.1%; note - ARÉVALO will take office on 14 January 2024<br><em><br>2019:</em> Alejandro GIAMMATTEI elected president; percent of vote in first round - Sandra TORRES (UNE) 25.5%, Alejandro GIAMMATTEI (VAMOS) 14%, Edmond MULET (PHG) 11.2%, Thelma CABRERA (MLP) 10.4%, Roberto ARZU (PAN-PODEMOS) 6.1%, other 32.8%; percent of vote in second round - Alejandro GIAMMATTEI (VAMOS) 58%, Sandra TORRES (UNE) 42%<br><br><em>2015:</em> Jimmy Ernesto MORALES Cabrera elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jimmy Ernesto MORALES Cabrera (FNC) 23.9%, Sandra TORRES (UNE) 19.8%, Manuel BALDIZON (LIDER) 19.6%, other 36.7%; percent of vote in second round - Jimmy Ernesto MORALES Cabrera 67.4%, Sandra TORRES 32.6%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -573,10 +573,10 @@
"text": "unicameral Congress of the Republic or Congreso de la Republica (160 seats; 128 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies in the country's 22 departments and 32 directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by closed party-list proportional representation vote, using the D'Hondt method; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 16 June 2019 (next to be held on June 2023)"
"text": "last held on 25 June 2023 (next to be held on June 2027)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UNE 52, VAMOS 17, UCN 12, VALOR 9, BIEN 8, FCN-NACION 8, SEMILLA 7, TODOS 7, VIVA 7, CREO 6, PHG 6, VICTORIA 4, Winaq 4, PC 3, PU 3, URNG 3, PAN 2, MLP 1, PODEMOS 1; composition - men 129, women 31, percent of women 19.4%"
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - VAMOS 39, UNE 28, SEMILLA 23, CABAL 18, Valor-Unionist 12, VIVA 11, TODOS 6, VOS 4, BIEN 4, CREO 3, PPN 3, Victoria 3, Blue 2, Elephant 2, Change 1, Winaq-URNG 1; composition - men 128, women 32, percent of women 20%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -591,10 +591,10 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Bienestar Nacional or BIEN [Fidel REYES LEE]<br>Citizen Prosperity or PC [Hernan MEJIA and Jorge GARCIA SILVA]<br>Commitment, Renewal, and Order or CREO [Rodolfo NEUTZE]<br>Everyone Together for Guatemala or TODOS [Felipe ALEJOS]<br>Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity or URNG-MAIZ or URNG [Walter FELIX]<br>Humanist Party of Guatemala or PHG [Rudio MERIDA]<br>Movement for the Liberation of Peoples or MLP [Thelma CABRERA and Vincenta JERONIMO]<br>Movimiento Semilla or SEMILLA [Samuel PEREZ Alvarez]<br>National Advancement Party or PAN [Manuel CONDE]<br>National Convergence Front or FCN-NACION [Javier HERNANDEZ]<br>National Unity for Hope or UNE [Sandra TORRES and Jorge VARGAS]<br>Nationalist Change Union or UCN [Carlos ROJAS and Sofia HERNANDEZ] (dissolved 16 December 2021)<br>PODEMOS [Jose LEON]<br>Political Movement Winaq or Winaq [Sonia GUTIERREZ Raguay]<br>Value or VALOR [Zury RIOS and Lucrecia MARROQUIN]<br>Vamos por una Guatemala Diferente or VAMOS [Alejandro GIAMMATTEI]<br>Victory or VICTORIA [Abraham RIVERA and his four sons  Amilcar, Juan, Manuel, and Edgar]<br>Vision with Values or VIVA [Armando Damian CASTILLO Alvarado]"
"text": "Bienestar Nacional or BIEN [Fidel REYES LEE]<br>Blue Party (Partido Azul) or Blue [Jorge VILLAGRÁN]<br>CABAL [Edmond MULET]<br>Cambio [Manuel BALDIZÓN]<br>Citizen Prosperity or PC [Hernan MEJIA and Jorge GARCIA SILVA]<br>Commitment, Renewal, and Order or CREO [Rodolfo NEUTZE]<br>Elephant Community (Comunidad Elefante) or Elephant [Hugo PEÑA Medina]<br>Everyone Together for Guatemala or TODOS [Felipe ALEJOS]<br>Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity or URNG-MAIZ or URNG [Walter FELIX]<br>Humanist Party of Guatemala or PHG [Rudio MERIDA]<br>Movement for the Liberation of Peoples or MLP [Thelma CABRERA and Vincenta JERONIMO]<br>Movimiento Semilla or SEMILLA [Bernardo ARÉVALO de León]<br>National Advancement Party or PAN [Manuel CONDE]<br>National Convergence Front or FCN-NACION [Javier HERNANDEZ]<br>National Unity for Hope or UNE [Adim MALDONADO]<br>Nationalist Change Union or UCN [Carlos ROJAS and Sofia HERNANDEZ] (dissolved 16 December 2021)<br>Nosotros or PPN [Rudy GUZMAN and Nadia de LEÓN Torres]<br>PODEMOS [Jose LEON]<br>Political Movement Winaq or Winaq [Sonia GUTIERREZ Raguay]<br>TODOS [Felipe ALEJOS]<br>Value or VALOR [Zury RIOS and Lucrecia MARROQUIN]<br>Vamos por una Guatemala Diferente or VAMOS [Alejandro GIAMMATTEI]<br>Victory or VICTORIA [Juan Carlos RIVERA]<br>Vision with Values or VIVA [Armando Damian CASTILLO Alvarado]<br>Will, Opportunity and Solidarity (Voluntad, Oportunidad y Solidaridad) or VOS [Orlando BLANCO]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "BCIE, CACM, CD, CELAC, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, Petrocaribe, SICA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "BCIE, CACM, CD, CELAC, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, Petrocaribe, SICA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1236,7 +1236,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2017, women comprised up to 10% of the active military"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "155 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (May 2022)"
"text": "150 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the military is responsible for maintaining sovereignty, territorial integrity, and the honor of Guatemala, but has long focused on internal security; since the 2000s, the Guatemalan Government has used the military extensively to support the National Civil Police in internal security operations (as permitted by the constitution) to combat organized crime, gang violence, and narco-trafficking; in recent years, however, the military has moved to refocus on border security and preparing for conventional operations; it participates in UN missions on a small scale and has a peacekeeping operations training command that offers training to regional countries; the military has security ties with regional partners such as Brazil, Colombia, El Salvador, and Honduras; cooperation with El Salvador and Honduras has included a combined police-military anti-gang task force to patrol border areas; it also has ties with the US, including joint training exercises and material assistance<br><br>the Land Forces are organized into approximately 15 small combat brigades, nearly half of which are infantry; the remainder include brigades of marines, military police, paratroopers, presidential guards, and special forces, including some specialized for jungle and mountain operations that were created to assist in combating crime; the Naval Force has commands for both the Caribbean and Pacific coasts, operates a small flotilla of patrol boats, and has a special forces element; the Air Force has a few light fixed-wing ground attack aircraft and multipurpose helicopters; for its internal security missions and supporting the police, the military has typically organized into task forces<br><br>the military held power during most of Guatemala’s 36-year civil war (1960-1996) and conducted a campaign of widespread violence and repression, particularly against the country’s majority indigenous population; more than 200,000 people were estimated to have been killed or disappeared during the conflict (2023)"

14
central-america-n-caribbean/nn.json
View file

@ -348,21 +348,17 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "King WILLEM-ALEXANDER of the Netherlands (since 30 April 2013); represented by Governor General Eugene HOLIDAY (since 10 October 2010)"
"text": "King WILLEM-ALEXANDER of the Netherlands (since 30 April 2013); represented by Governor Ajamu G. BALY (since 10 October 2022)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Silveria JACOBS (since 28 March 2020)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet nominated by the prime minister and appointed by the governor-general"
"text": "Cabinet nominated by the prime minister and appointed by the governor"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch for a 6-year term; following parliamentary elections, the leader of the majority party usually elected prime minister by Parliament"
},
"election results": {
"text": "last held&nbsp;9 January 2020 (next to be held in 2024)"
},
"note": "note - on 16 January 2020, Governor Eugene HOLIDAY appoints Silveria JACOBS as <em>formateur</em> of a new government"
"text": "the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch for a 6-year term; following parliamentary elections, the leader of the majority party usually elected prime minister by Parliament"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
@ -558,7 +554,7 @@
"Energy": {
"Electricity access": {
"electrification - total population": {
"text": "100% (2020)"
"text": "100% (2021)"
}
},
"Refined petroleum products - production": {

4
central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json
View file

@ -540,7 +540,7 @@
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified plurality vote for a 5-year term (no term limits as of 2014); election last held on 7 November 2021 (next to be held on 1 November 2026)"
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified plurality vote for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 7 November 2021 (next to be held on 1 November 2026)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br><em>2021:</em> Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a fourth consecutive term; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 75.9%, Walter ESPINOZA (PLC) 14.3%, Guillermo OSORNO (CCN) 3.3%, Marcelo MONTIEL (ALN) 3.1%, other 3.4%<br><em><br>2016:</em> Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a third consecutive term; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 72.4%, Maximino RODRIGUEZ (PLC) 15%, Jose del Carmen ALVARADO (PLI) 4.5%, Saturnino CERRATO Hodgson (ALN) 4.3%, other 3.7%"
@ -572,7 +572,7 @@
"text": "Alliance for the Republic or APRE [Carlos CANALES]<br>Alternative for Change or AC (operates in a political alliance with the FSLN) [Orlando Jose TARDENCILLA]<br>Autonomous Liberal Party or PAL [Rene Margarito BELLO ROMERO]<strong><br></strong>Caribbean Unity Movement or PAMUC [Armando Francisco ARISTA FLORES]<br>Christian Unity Party or PUC (operates in a political alliance with the FSLN) [Guillermo Daniel ORTEGA REYES]<strong><br></strong>Citizens for Liberty or CxL [Carmella ROGERS AUMBURN]; note - barred from participating in the presidential election by the Supreme Electoral Council on 6 August 2021<br>Conservative Party or PC [Alfredo CESAR Aguirre]<br>Democratic Restoration Party or PRD [Saturnino CERRATO]; note - canceled by the Supreme Electoral Council on 18 May 2021<br>Independent Liberal Party or PLI [Mario ASENSIO]<br>Liberal Constitutionalist Party or PLC [Maria Haydee OSUNA]<br>Moskitia Indigenous Progressive Movement or MOSKITIA PAWANKA (operates in a political alliance with the FSLN) [Wycliff Diego BLANDON]<br>Multiethnic Indigenous Party or PIM (operates in a political alliance with the FSLN) [Carla Elvis WHITE HODGSON]<br>Nationalist Liberal Party or PLN (operates in a political alliance with the FSLN) [Constantino Raul VELASQUEZ]<br>Nicaraguan Liberal Alliance or ALN [Alejandro MEJIA Ferreti]<br>Nicaraguan Party of the Christian Path or CCN [Guillermo OSORNO]<br>Nicaraguan Resistance Party or PRN (operates in a political alliance with the FSLN) [Julio Cesar BLANDON SANCHEZ]<strong><br></strong>Sandinista National Liberation Front or FSLN [Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra]<br>Sandinista Renovation Movement or MRS [Suyen BARAHONA Cuan]; note - canceled by the Supreme Electoral Council on 21 June 2008; in January 2021, they rebranded and now call themselves Democratic Renovation Union or UNAMOS<br>Sons of Mother Earth or YATAMA [Brooklyn RIVERA]<br>The New Sons of Mother Earth Movement or MYATAMARAN (operates in a political alliance with the FSLN) [Osorno Salomon COLEMAN]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "BCIE, CACM, CD, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, Petrocaribe, SICA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "BCIE, CACM, CD, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, Petrocaribe, SICA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json
View file

@ -590,7 +590,7 @@
"text": "Alliance Party or PA [Jose MUNOZ Molina]<br>Alternative Independent Socialist Party or PAIS [Jose ALVAREZ]<br>Democratic Change or CD [Romulo ROUX]<br>Democratic Revolutionary Party or PRD [Benicio ROBINSON]<br>Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement or MOLIRENA [Francisco \"Pancho\" ALEMAN]<br>Panamenista Party [Jose Isabel BLANDON Figueroa] (formerly the Arnulfista Party)<br>Popular Party or PP [Daniel Javier BREA Clavel] (formerly Christian Democratic Party or PDC)<br>Realizing Goals Party or RM [Ricardo Alberto MARTINELLI Berrocal]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "BCIE, CAN (observer), CD, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, SICA, UN, UNASUR (observer), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "BCIE, CAN (observer), CD, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, SICA, UN, UNASUR (observer), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

4
central-america-n-caribbean/rn.json
View file

@ -333,7 +333,7 @@
"text": "French president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prefect appointed by French president on the advice of French Ministry of Interior; president of Territorial Council elected by its members for a 5-year term; election last held on 3 April 2022 (next to be held in 2027)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em>2022:</em> Louis MUSSINGTON (RSM) elected president; Territorial Council vote - 23 out of 23 votes<br><br><em>2017: </em>Daniel Gibbs elected president:  Territorial Council vote - 18 out of 23 votes"
"text": "<br><em>2022:</em> Louis MUSSINGTON (RSM) elected president; Territorial Council vote - unanimous<em><br><br><em>2017: </em></em>Daniel Gibbs (UD) elected president:  Territorial Council vote - 18 of 23 votes"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -451,7 +451,7 @@
"Energy": {
"Electricity access": {
"electrification - total population": {
"text": "100% (2020)"
"text": "100% (2021)"
}
}
},

4
central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json
View file

@ -468,7 +468,7 @@
"text": "Cabinet appointed by governor with the consent of the Legislative Assembly"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of 'electors' chosen from each state; president and vice president serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of Puerto Rico do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; however, they may vote in Democratic and Republican party presidential primary elections; governor directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits); election last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2024)"
"text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of 'electors' chosen from each state; president and vice president serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of Puerto Rico do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; however, they may vote in Democratic and Republican party presidential primary elections; governor directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits); election last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held on 5 November 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br><em>2020:</em> Pedro PIERLUISI elected governor; percent of vote - Pedro PIERLUISI (PNP) 32.9%, Carlos DELGADO (PPD) 31.6%, Alexandra LUGARO (independent) 14.2%, Juan DALMAU (PIP) 13.7%, other 7.6%<br><br><em>2016:</em> Ricardo ROSSELLO elected governor; percent of vote - Ricardo ROSSELLO (PNP) 41.8%, David BERNIER (PPD) 38.9%, Alexandra LUGARO (independent) 11.1%, Manuel CIDRE (independent) 5.7%"
@ -754,7 +754,7 @@
"Energy": {
"Electricity access": {
"electrification - total population": {
"text": "100% (2020)"
"text": "100% (2021)"
}
},
"Electricity": {

4
central-america-n-caribbean/tb.json
View file

@ -324,7 +324,7 @@
"text": "French president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of French Ministry of Interior; president of Territorial Council indirectly elected by its members for a 5-year term; election last held on 27 March 2022 (next to be held in 2027)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em>2022:</em> Xavier LEDEE (Saint Barth United) elected president; Territorial Council vote - 13 votes for, 6 blank votes<br><em>2017: </em>Bruno MAGRAS (Saint Barth First) elected president; Territorial Council vote - 14 out of 19 votes"
"text": "<br><em>2022: </em>Xavier LEDEE (Saint Barth United) elected president; Territorial Council vote - 13 votes for, 6 blank votes<em><br><br><em>2017: </em></em>Bruno MAGRAS (Saint Barth First) elected president; Territorial Council vote - 14 out of 19 votes"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -402,7 +402,7 @@
"Energy": {
"Electricity access": {
"electrification - total population": {
"text": "100% (2020)"
"text": "100% (2021)"
}
}
},

4
central-america-n-caribbean/td.json
View file

@ -856,7 +856,7 @@
"Energy": {
"Electricity access": {
"electrification - total population": {
"text": "100% (2020)"
"text": "100% (2021)"
}
},
"Electricity": {
@ -1122,7 +1122,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "28,500 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay) (2021)"
"text": "35,314 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay) (2021)"
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/tk.json
View file

@ -640,7 +640,7 @@
"Energy": {
"Electricity access": {
"electrification - total population": {
"text": "100% (2020)"
"text": "100% (2021)"
}
},
"Electricity": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/vq.json
View file

@ -676,7 +676,7 @@
"Energy": {
"Electricity access": {
"electrification - total population": {
"text": "100% (2020)"
"text": "100% (2021)"
}
},
"Electricity": {

2
central-asia/kz.json
View file

@ -607,7 +607,7 @@
"text": "Ak Zhol (Bright Path) Party or Democratic Party of Kazakhstan Ak Zhol [Azat PERUASHEV]<br>Amanat Party [Yerlan KOSHANOV] (formerly Nur Otan (Radiant Fatherland))<br>Baytak (Boundless) Party [Azamatkhan AMIRTAY]<br>National Social Democratic Party or NSDP [Askhat RAKHIMZHANOV]<br>People's Democratic (Patriotic) Party or Auyl or AHDPP [Ali BEKTAYEV]<br>People's Party of Kazakhstan or QHP [Yermkhamet YERTYSBAYEV]<br>Respublica Party [Avdarbek KHODZHANAZAROV]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB, CICA, CIS, CSTO, EAEU, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, EITI (compliant country), FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, MINURSO, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UN Security Council (temporary), UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
"text": "ADB, CICA, CIS, CSTO, EAEU, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, EITI (compliant country), FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, MINURSO, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNOOSA, UN Security Council (temporary), UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

8
central-asia/rs.json
View file

@ -595,7 +595,7 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Vladimir Vladimirovich PUTIN (since 7 May 2012)"
"text": "President Vladimir Vladimirovich PUTIN (since 7 May 2012); no vice president position&nbsp;"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Premier Mikhail MISHUSTIN (since 16 January 2020); First Deputy Premier Andrey Removich BELOUSOV (since 21 January 2020); Deputy Premiers Yuriy TRUTNEV (since 31 August 2013), Tatiana Alekseyevna GOLIKOVA (since 18 May 2018), Dmitriy Yuriyevich GRIGORENKO, Viktoriya Valeriyevna ABRAMCHENKO, Aleksey Logvinovich OVERCHUK, Marat Shakirzyanovich KHUSNULLIN, Dmitriy Nikolayevich CHERNYSHENKO (since 21 January 2020), Aleksandr NOVAK (since 10 November 2020), Denis Valentinovich MANTUROV (since 15 July 2022)"
@ -604,10 +604,10 @@
"text": "the \"Government\" is composed of the premier, his deputies, and ministers, all appointed by the president; the premier is also confirmed by the Duma"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (2020 constitutional amendments allow a second consecutive term); election last held on 18 March 2018 (next to be held in March 2024); note - for the 2024 presidential election, previous presidential terms are discounted; there is no vice president"
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (2020 constitutional amendments allow a second consecutive term); election last held on 18 March 2018 (next to be held in March 2024); note - for the 2024 presidential election, previous presidential terms are discounted"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em><br>2018:</em> Vladimir PUTIN reelected president; percent of vote - Vladimir PUTIN (independent) 77.5%, Pavel GRUDININ (CPRF) 11.9%, Vladimir ZHIRINOVSKIY (LDPR) 5.7%, other 4.9%; Mikhail MISHUSTIN (independent) approved as premier by Duma; vote - 383 to 0<br><br><em>2012:</em> Vladimir PUTIN elected president; percent of vote - Vladimir PUTIN (United Russia) 63.6%, Gennadiy ZYUGANOV (CPRF) 17.2%, Mikhail PROKHOROV (CP) 8%, Vladimir ZHIRINOVSKIY (LDPR) 6.2%, Sergey MIRONOV (A Just Russia) 3.9%, other 1.1%; Dmitriy MEDVEDEV (United Russia) approved as premier by Duma; vote - 299 to 144"
"text": "<br><em>2018: V</em>ladimir PUTIN reelected president; percent of vote - Vladimir PUTIN (independent) 77.5%, Pavel GRUDININ (CPRF) 11.9%, Vladimir ZHIRINOVSKIY (LDPR) 5.7%, other 4.9%; Mikhail MISHUSTIN (independent) approved as premier by Duma; vote - 383 to 0<em><br><br><em>2012: </em></em>Vladimir PUTIN elected president; percent of vote - Vladimir PUTIN (United Russia) 63.6%, Gennadiy ZYUGANOV (CPRF) 17.2%, Mikhail PROKHOROV (CP) 8%, Vladimir ZHIRINOVSKIY (LDPR) 6.2%, Sergey MIRONOV (A Just Russia) 3.9%, other 1.1%; Dmitriy MEDVEDEV (United Russia) approved as premier by Duma; vote - 299 to 144"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> there is also a Presidential Administration that provides staff and policy support to the president, drafts presidential decrees, and coordinates policy among government agencies; a Security Council also reports directly to the president"
},
@ -639,7 +639,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 31 political parties are registered with Russia's Ministry of Justice (as of September 2021); 14 participated in the 2021 election, but only 8 parties maintain representation in Russia's national legislature"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "APEC, Arctic Council, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), BIS, BRICS, BSEC, CBSS, CD, CE, CERN (observer), CICA, CIS, CSTO, EAEC, EAEU, EAPC, EAS, EBRD, FAO, FATF, G-20, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OIC (observer), OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UN Security Council (permanent), UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
"text": "APEC, Arctic Council, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), BIS, BRICS, BSEC, CBSS, CD, CE, CERN (observer), CICA, CIS, CSTO, EAEC, EAEU, EAPC, EAS, EBRD, FAO, FATF, G-20, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OIC (observer), OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UN Security Council (permanent), UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

4
central-asia/ti.json
View file

@ -554,10 +554,10 @@
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president, approved by the Supreme Assembly"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 7-year term for a maximum of two terms; however, as the \"Leader of the Nation\" President RAHMON can run an unlimited number of times; election last held on 11 October 2020 (next to be held in 2027); prime minister appointed by the president"
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 7-year term (two-term limit); however, as the \"Leader of the Nation\" President RAHMON can run an unlimited number of times; election last held on 11 October 2020 (next to be held in 2027); prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em>2020:</em> Emomali RAHMON reelected president; percent of vote - Emomali RAHMON (PDPT) 92.1%, Rustam LATIFZODA (APT) 3.1%, and other 4.8%<br><br><em>2013:</em> Emomali RAHMOND reelected president; percent of vote - Emomali RAHMOND (PDPT) 84%, Ismoil TALBAKOV CPT) 5%, other 11%"
"text": "<br><em>2020</em>: Emomali RAHMON reelected president; percent of vote - Emomali RAHMON (PDPT) 92.1%, Rustam LATIFZODA (APT) 3.1%, and other 4.8%<br><br><em>2013:</em> Emomali RAHMOND reelected president; percent of vote - Emomali RAHMOND (PDPT) 84%, Ismoil TALBAKOV CPT) 5%, other 11%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {

2
central-asia/uz.json
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@ -587,7 +587,7 @@
"text": "Ecological Party of Uzbekistan (O'zbekiston Ekologik Partivasi) [Narzullo OBLOMURODOV]<br>Justice (Adolat) Social Democratic Party of Uzbekistan [Bahrom ABDUKHALIMOV]<br>Liberal Democratic Party of Uzbekistan (O'zbekiston Liberal-Demokratik Partiyasi) or LDPU [Aktam HAITOV]<br>National Revival Democratic Party of Uzbekistan (O'zbekiston Milliy Tiklanish Demokratik Partiyasi) [Alisher QODIROV]<br>People's Democratic Party of Uzbekistan (Xalq Demokratik Partiyas) or PDP [Ulugbek Ilyosovich INOYATOV] (formerly Communist Party)"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB, CICA, CIS, EAEU (observer), EAPC, EBRD, ECO, EEU (observer), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)"
"text": "ADB, CICA, CIS, EAEU (observer), EAPC, EBRD, ECO, EEU (observer), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

2
east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json
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@ -1235,7 +1235,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in 2018, women made up an estimated 6% of the active-duty military and 88 women held the rank of general"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "225 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 180 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 290 Mali (MINUSMA) (May 2022)"
"text": "225 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 180 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 260 Mali (MINUSMA) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "outside of periodic border skirmishes with Thailand, the RCAF’s primary responsibilities are border, coastal, and internal security; since 2016, the RCAF has conducted a small annual training exercise known as “Golden Dragon” with the military of China, except for 2021-2022 when it was canceled because of the COVID-19 pandemic; the Army has a few infantry divisions and an estimated 10-15 brigades, including about 5 rapid reaction “intervention” brigades, a border security brigade, and a prime minister’s bodyguard brigade, as well as an airborne/special operations brigade under a special forces command created in 2020; the Navy maintains a small force of patrol boats and a naval infantry brigade for coastal defense; the Air Force has a small number of combat and transport helicopters; the Royal Gendarmerie is reportedly organized into battalions and several mobile response units<br><br>the RCAF was re-established in 1993 under the first coalition government from the merger of the Cambodian Government’s military forces (Cambodian People’s Armed Forces) and the two non-communist resistance forces (Sihanoukist National Army, aka National Army for Khmer Independence, and the Khmer People's National Liberation Armed Forces); thousands of communist Khmer Rouge fighters began surrendering by 1994 under a government amnesty program and the last of the Khmer Rouge forces (National Army of Democratic Kampuchea) were demobilized or absorbed into the RCAF in 1999<br><br>Cambodia continues to be one of the most densely landmine-contaminated countries in the world; by the early 1990s, various aid organizations estimated there were 8 to 10 million landmines scattered throughout the country, with a particularly heavy concentration on a 1,000-km strip along the northwest Thai-Cambodia border known as the \"K5 belt\"; the mines were laid during Cambodia’s decades-long war by the Cambodian army, the Vietnamese, the Khmer Rouge, the non-communist fighters, and US forces; part of Cambodia's defense policy is demining the territory with the intent of having the entire country cleared of unexploded ordnances by 2035; over 1 million landmines and over 3 million explosives were discovered and removed from 1992 to 2018; in 2018, the Cambodian government and Cambodian Mine Action and Victim Assistance Authority (CMAA), a government agency, launched the National Mine Action Strategy for 2018-2025 (2023)"

6
east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json
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@ -634,7 +634,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> China has 8 nominally independent small parties controlled by the CCP"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB, AfDB (nonregional member), APEC, Arctic Council (observer), ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), BIS, BRICS, CDB, CICA, EAS, FAO, FATF, G-20, G-24 (observer), G-5, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS (observer), OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, PIF (partner), SAARC (observer), SCO, SICA (observer), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UN Security Council (permanent), UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
"text": "ADB, AfDB (nonregional member), APEC, Arctic Council (observer), ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), BIS, BRICS, CDB, CICA, EAS, FAO, FATF, G-20, G-24 (observer), G-5, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS (observer), OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, PIF (partner), SAARC (observer), SCO, SICA (observer), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UN Security Council (permanent), UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1307,7 +1307,7 @@
"text": "approximately 2 million active-duty troops (approximately 1 million Ground; 250,000 Navy/Marines; 350-400,000 Air Force; 120,000 Rocket Forces; 150-175,000 Strategic Support Forces); estimated 600-650,000 People&rsquo;s Armed Police (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the PLA has a wide mix of older and modern domestically produced systems heavily influenced by technology derived from other countries; Russia has been the top supplier of foreign military equipment in recent years; China has one of the world's largest defense-industrial sectors and is capable of producing advanced weapons systems across all military domains (2023)",
"text": "the PLA has a mix of some older and an increasing amount of modern, largely domestically produced systems heavily influenced by technology derived from other countries; Russia has been the top supplier of foreign military equipment in recent years; China has one of the world's largest defense-industrial sectors and is capable of producing advanced weapons systems across all military domains (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the PLA is in the midst of a decades-long modernization effort; in 2017, President XI set three developmental goals for the force - becoming a mechanized force with increased information and strategic capabilities by 2020, a fully modernized force by 2035, and a world-class military by mid-century"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
@ -1315,7 +1315,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the PLA’s conscription system functions as a levy; the PLA establishes the number of enlistees needed, which produces quotas for the provinces; each province provides a set number of soldiers or sailors; if the number of volunteers fails to meet quotas, the local governments may compel individuals to enter military service"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "425 Mali (MINUSMA); 225 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO); 420 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 1,050 South Sudan (UNMISS); up to 2,000 Djibouti (2022)"
"text": "400 Mali (MINUSMA); 225 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO); 420 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 1,050 South Sudan (UNMISS); 150 Sudan/South Sudan (UNISFA); up to 2,000 Djibouti (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "established in 1927, the PLA is the military arm of the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP), which oversees the PLA through its Central Military Commission; the Central Military Commission is China’s top military decision making body<br><br>the PLA is the World’s largest military; its primary responsibility is external security but it also has some domestic security duties; China’s stated defense policy includes safeguarding sovereignty, security, and development interests while emphasizing a greater global role for the PLA; the PLA conducts air, counterspace, cyber, electronic warfare, joint, land, maritime, missile, nuclear, and space operations; it is a professional force that trains regularly, including multinational and multiservice exercises, deploys overseas, and participates in international peacekeeping missions <br><br>the majority of the Ground Forces are organized into 13 group armies with approximately 80 subordinate combined arms brigades--some of which are amphibious units--that serve as the primary ground maneuver forces; each group army also controls artillery, air defense, aviation/air assault, special operations, engineer, and logistics brigades; there are also a several independent mechanized and motorized infantry divisions <br><br>the Navy is numerically the largest in the World with an overall battle force of some 380 ships and submarines, including 2 aircraft carriers (with a third in trials), 8 cruisers, more than 80 destroyers and frigates, and approximately 60 submarines; it also has a large naval aviation force, as well as a growing Marine Corps comprised of 6 amphibious brigades supplemented by aviation and special operations forces<br> <br>the combined aviation forces of the Air Force and Navy are the largest in the region and third largest in the World with nearly 3,000 total aircraft, of which more than 2,200 are combat aircraft, including fighter, bomber, ground attack, and multipurpose fighter aircraft; the Air Force also has an airborne/rapid reaction corps with a mix of airborne, air assault, special operations, and aviation brigades; the PLA's ground-based air defense forces operate surface-to-air missiles, air defense artillery, jammers, and a variety of sensors; the PLA Rocket Force manages the PRC’s land-based conventional and nuclear missile units<br><br>the PRC's internal security forces consist primarily of the Ministry of Public Security (MPS), the Ministry of State Security (MSS), the People’s Armed Police (PAP), and the militia; the PLA support the internal security forces as necessary:<br><br>--the MPS controls the civilian national police, which serves as the first-line force for public order; its primary mission is domestic law enforcement and maintaining order, including anti-rioting and anti-terrorism<br><br>--the MSS is the PRC’s main civilian intelligence and counterintelligence service<br><br>--the PAP is a paramilitary component (or adjunct) of the PLA; its primary missions include internal security, maintaining public order, maritime security, and assisting the PLA in times of war; it is under the command of the Central Military Commission; the China Coast Guard (CCG) administratively falls under the PAP; the CCG has a variety of missions, such as maritime sovereignty enforcement, surveillance, resource protection, anti-smuggling, and general law enforcement; it is the largest maritime law enforcement fleet in the world with approximately 150 large patrol craft<br><br>--the militia is an armed reserve of civilians which serves as an auxiliary and reserve force for the PLA upon mobilization, although it is distinct from the PLA’s reserve forces; militia units are organized around towns, villages, urban sub-districts, and enterprises, and vary widely in composition and mission; they have dual civilian-military command structures; a key component of the militia are the local maritime forces, commonly referred to as the People’s Armed Forces Maritime Militia (PAFMM); the PAFMM consists of mariners (and their vessels) who receive training, equipment, and other forms of support from the Navy and CCG (although the PAFMM remains separate from both) to perform tasks such as maritime patrolling, surveillance and reconnaissance, emergency/disaster response, transportation, search and rescue, and auxiliary tasks in support of naval operations in wartime; the PAFMM’s tasks are often conducted in conjunction or coordination with the Navy and the CCG; it has been used to assert Beijing's maritime claims in the Sea of Japan and South China Sea (2023)"

2
east-n-southeast-asia/id.json
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@ -624,7 +624,7 @@
"text": "Democrat Party or PD [Agus Harimurti YUDHOYONO]<br>Functional Groups Party or GOLKAR [Airlangga HARTARTO]<br>Great Indonesia Movement Party or GERINDRA [PRABOWO Subianto Djojohadikusumo]<br>Indonesia Democratic Party-Struggle or PDI-P [MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri]<br>National Awakening Party or PKB [Muhaiman ISKANDAR]<br>National Democratic Party or NasDem [Surya PALOH]<br>National Mandate Party or PAN [Zulkifli HASAN]<br>Prosperous Justice Party or PKS [Ahmad SYAIKHU]<br>United Development Party or PPP [Muhamad MARDIONO]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB, APEC, ARF, ASEAN, BIS, CD, CICA (observer), CP, D-8, EAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-11, G-15, G-20, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IORA, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, MSG (associate member), NAM, OECD (enhanced engagement), OIC, OPCW, PIF (partner), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ADB, APEC, ARF, ASEAN, BIS, CD, CICA (observer), CP, D-8, EAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-11, G-15, G-20, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IORA, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, MSG (associate member), NAM, OECD (enhanced engagement), OIC, OPCW, PIF (partner), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

2
east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json
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@ -584,7 +584,7 @@
"text": "Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan or CDP [Kenta IZUMI]<br>Democratic Party for the People Japan or DPFP [Yuichiro TAMAKI]<br>Group of Reformists [Sakihito OZAWA]<br>Japan Communist Party or JCP [Kazuo SHII]<br>Japan Innovation Party or Nippon Ishin no kai or Ishin [Ichiro MATSUI]<br>Komeito [Natsuo YAMAGUCHI]<br>Liberal Democratic Party or LDP [Fumio KISHIDA]<br>Liberal Party [Ichiro OZAWA] (formerly People's Life Party &amp; Taro Yamamoto and Friends or PLPTYF)<br>Party of Hope or Kibo no To [Nariaki NAKAYAMA]<br>Reiwa Shinsengumi [Taro YAMAMOTO]<br>Sanseitō or DIY [Sohei KAMIYA]<br>Social Democratic Party or SDP [Mizuho FUKUSHIMA]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB, AfDB (nonregional member), APEC, Arctic Council (observer), ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, CD, CE (observer), CERN (observer), CICA (observer), CP, CPLP (associate), EAS, EBRD, EITI (implementing country), FAO, FATF, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, G-20, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), MIGA, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE (partner), Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, PIF (partner), Quad, SAARC (observer), SELEC (observer), SICA (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
"text": "ADB, AfDB (nonregional member), APEC, Arctic Council (observer), ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, CD, CE (observer), CERN (observer), CICA (observer), CP, CPLP (associate), EAS, EBRD, EITI (implementing country), FAO, FATF, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, G-20, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), MIGA, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE (partner), Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, PIF (partner), Quad, SAARC (observer), SELEC (observer), SICA (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNOOSA, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

4
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east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json
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@ -605,7 +605,7 @@
"text": "36 parties registered for the 2020 legislative elections to the State Great Hural; among them, the following parties won seats:<br>Democratic Party or DP [Sodnomzunduin ERDENE]<br>Mongolian People's Party or MPP [Ukhnaagiin KHURELSUKH]<br><br>others include:<br>Civil Will-Green Party or CWGP [Tserendorj GANKHUYAG] <br>Justice Party [Batbayar NASANBILEG]<br>Mongolian National Democratic Party or MNDP [Bayanjargal TSOGTGEREL]<br>Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party [Nambaryn ENKHBAYAR]<br>Mongolian Social Democratic Party or MSDP [Adiya GANBAATAR]<br>Mongolian Traditionally United Party or MTUP [Batdelgeriin BATBOLD]<br>National Labor Party or HUN [Togmidyn DORJKHAND]<br><br>Coalitions:<br>Our Coalition (MPRP, Civil Will-Green Party, and Mongolian Traditionally United Party)<br>Right Person Electorate Coalition or RPEC (National Labor Party, Mongolian Social Democratic Party, Justice Party) [Togmidyn DORJKHAND]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB, ARF, CD, CICA, CP, EBRD, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO, NAM, OPCW, OSCE, SCO (observer), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ADB, ARF, CD, CICA, CP, EBRD, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO, NAM, OPCW, OSCE, SCO (observer), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1214,7 +1214,7 @@
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service (can enter military schools at age 17); 12-month conscript service obligation for men in the army, air forces, or police (can be extended 3 months under special circumstances); conscription service can be exchanged for a 24‐month stint in the civil service or a cash payment determined by the Mongolian Government; after conscription, soldiers can contract into military service for 2 or 4 years; volunteer military service for men and women is 24 months, which can be extended for another two years up to the age of 31 (2023)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "860 South Sudan (UNMISS) (May 2022)",
"text": "860 South Sudan (UNMISS) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> from 2003 to July 2021, some 3,300 Mongolian troops served in Afghanistan, including about 1,300 under the NATO-led Resolute Support Mission (2015 to 2021); since 2002, Mongolia has deployed more than 19,000 peacekeepers and observers to UN operations in more than a dozen countries"
},
"Military - note": {

4
east-n-southeast-asia/my.json
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@ -591,7 +591,7 @@
"text": "<strong>National Front (Barisan Nasional) or BN:<br></strong>All Malaysia Indian Progressive Front or IPF (Barisan Kemajuan India Se-Malaysia) or AMIPF [LOGANATHAN Thoraisamy]<br>Love Malaysia Party (Parti Cinta Malaysia) or PCM [HUAN Cheng Guan]<br>Malaysian Chinese Association (Persatuan Cina Malaysia) or MCA [WEE Ka Siong]<br>Malaysian Indian Congress (Kongres India Malaysia) or MIC [VIGNESWARAN Sanasee]<br>Malaysian Indian Muslim Congress (Kongres India Muslim Malaysia) or KIMMA [Syed IMBRAHIM Kader]<br>Malaysia Makkal Sakti Party (Parti Makkal Sakti Malaysia) or MMSP [R.S. THANENTHIRAN]<br>United Malays National Organization (Pertubuhan Kebansaan Melayu Bersatu) or UMNO [Ahmad ZAHID Hamidi]<br>United Sabah People's Party (Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah) or PBRS [Arthur Joseph KURUP]<br><br><strong>Alliance of Hope (Pakatan Harapan) or PH:</strong><br>Democratic Action Party (Parti Tindakan Demokratik) or DAP [Anthony LOKE Siew Fook]<br>Malaysian United Democratic Alliance (Ikatan Demokratik Malaysia) or MUDA [Syed SADDIQ Syed Adbdul Rahman]<br>National Trust Party (Parti Amanah Negara) or AMANAH [MOHAMAD Sabu]<br>People's Justice Party (Parti Keadilan Rakyat) or PKR [ANWAR Ibrahim]<br>United Progressive Kinabalu Organization (Pertubuhan Kinabalu Progresif Bersatu) or UPKO [EWON Benedick]<br><br><strong>National Alliance (Perikatan Nasional) or PN</strong><br>Malaysian People's Movement Party (Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia) or GERAKAN or PGRM [LAU Hoe Chai]<br>Malaysian United Indigenous Party (Parti Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia) or PPBM or BERSATU [MUHYIDDIN Yassin]<br>Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (Parti Islam Se-Malaysia) or PAS [Abdul HADI Awang]<br> <p><strong>Sabah People's Alliance (Gabungan Rakya Sabah) or GRS:<br></strong>Homeland Solidarity Party (Parti Solidariti Tanah Airku) or STAR [Jeffrey KITINGAN]<br>Sabah People's Ideas Party (Parti Gagasan Rakyat Sabah) or GAGASAN or PGRS [HAJIJI Noor]<br>Sabah Progressive Party (Parti Maju Sabah) or SAPP [Yong Teck Lee]<br>United Sabah National Organization (Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Sabah Bersatu ((Baru)) or USNO (Baru) [PANDIKAR Amin Mulia]<br>United Sabah Party (Parti Bersatu Sabah) or PBS [Maximus Johnity ONGKILI]<br><br><strong>Sarawak Parties Alliance (Gabungan Parti Sarawak) or GPS </strong><br>Progressive Democratic Party (Parti Demokratik Progresif) or PDP [TIONG King Sing]<br>Sarawak People's Party (Parti Rakyat Sarawak) or PRS [Joseph SALANG Gandum]<br>Sarawak United People's Party (Parti Rakyat Bersatu Sarawak) or SUPP [SIM Kui Hian]<br>United Bumiputera Heritage Party (Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersata) or PBB [Abang Abdul Rahman Zohari Abang Openg or or ABANG JOHARI or \"Abang Jo\"]<br><strong><br>Others receiving votes in 2022 general election</strong>:<strong><br></strong>Malaysian Nation Party (Parti Bangsa Malaysia) or PBM [Larry SNG Wei Shein] (formerly Sarawak Workers Party)<br>Heritage Party (Parti Warisan) or WARISAN [SHAFIE Apdal]<br>Social Democratic Harmony Party (Parti Kesejahteraan Demokratik Masyarakat) or KDM [PETER Anthony]<br>Socialist Party of Malaysia (Parti Sosialis Malaysia) or PSM [Michael JEYAKUMAR Devaraj]<br><br><br></p>"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB, APEC, ARF, ASEAN, BIS, C, CICA (observer), CP, D-8, EAS, FAO, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OPCW, PCA, PIF (partner), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ADB, APEC, ARF, ASEAN, BIS, C, CICA (observer), CP, D-8, EAS, FAO, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OPCW, PCA, PIF (partner), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1234,7 +1234,7 @@
"note": "note - in 2020, the military announced a goal of having 10% of the active force comprised of women"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "830 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (May 2022)"
"text": "830 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the MAF is a professional force primarily focused on internal and maritime security and responding to natural disasters; maritime security has received increased emphasis in recent years, particularly anti-piracy operations in the Strait of Malacca and countering Chinese incursions in Malaysia’s Economic Exclusion Zone, as well as addressing identified shortfalls in maritime capabilities; as such, Malaysia has undertaken efforts to procure more modern ships, improve air and maritime surveillance, expand the Navy’s support infrastructure (particularly bases/ports) and domestic ship-building capacities, restructure naval command and control, and increase naval cooperation with regional and international partners; as of 2023, for example, the Navy had 5 frigates on order (due in 2026), which would increase the number of operational frigates from 2 to 7, and complement its small inventory of littoral combat ships (comparable to light frigates in capabilities) and offshore patrol vessels, as well as its 2 attack-type submarines; in addition, the Navy conducts air and naval patrols with Indonesia and the Philippines; it also cooperates with the US military, including on maritime surveillance and training; the Army’s force structure reflects its traditional focus on counterinsurgency operations and terrorist threats; its 4 divisional commands are comprised largely of infantry brigades; it also has 2 security brigades, an airborne brigade that serves as a rapid-reaction force, and a special operations brigade; Malaysia does not have a marine corps, but places considerable emphasis on amphibious capabilities for some of its Army ground units; the Air Force has a mix of about 50 combat aircraft and helicopters <br><br>Malaysia is a member of the Five Powers Defense Arrangements (FPDA), a series of mutual assistance agreements reached in 1971 embracing Australia, Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore, and the UK; the FPDA commits the members to consult with one another in the event or threat of an armed attack on any of the members and to mutually decide what measures should be taken, jointly or separately; there is no specific obligation to intervene militarily (2023)"

2
east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json
View file

@ -568,7 +568,7 @@
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general nominated by the National Parliament and appointed by the chief of state; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor general pending the outcome of a National Parliament vote"
},
"election results": {
"text": "James MARAPE re-elected prime minister; National Parliament vote - 105 out of 118"
"text": "James MARAPE reelected prime minister; National Parliament vote - 105 out of 118"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {

4
east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json
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@ -582,7 +582,7 @@
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on separate ballots by simple majority popular vote for a single 6-year term; election last held on 9 May 2022 (next to be held on 9 May 2028)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<p><em>2022: </em>Ferdinand MARCOS, Jr. elected president; percent of vote - Ferdinand MARCOS, Jr. (PFP) 58.7%, Leni ROBREDO (independent) 27.9%, Manny PACQUIAO (PROMDI) 6.8%; Sara DUTERTE-Carpio elected vice president; percent of vote Sara DUTERTE-Carpio (Lakas-CMD) 61.5%, Francis PANGILINAN (LP) 17.8%, Tito SOTTO 15.8%<br><br><em>2016: </em>Rodrigo DUTERTE elected president; percent of vote - Rodrigo DUTERTE (PDP-Laban) 39%, Manuel \"Mar\" ROXAS (LP) 23.5%, Grace POE (independent) 21.4%, Jejomar BINAY (UNA) 12.7%, Miriam Defensor SANTIAGO (PRP) 3.4%; Leni ROBREDO elected vice president; percent of vote Leni ROBREDO (LP) 35.1%, Bongbong MARCOS (independent) 34.5%, Alan CAYETANO 14.4%, Francis ESCUDERO (independent) 12%, Antonio TRILLANES (independent) 2.1%, Gregorio HONASAN (UNA) 1.9%</p>"
"text": "<em><br>2022: </em>Ferdinand MARCOS, Jr. elected president; percent of vote - Ferdinand MARCOS, Jr. (PFP) 58.7%, Leni ROBREDO (independent) 27.9%, Manny PACQUIAO (PROMDI) 6.8%, other 6.6%; Sara DUTERTE-Carpio elected vice president; percent of vote Sara DUTERTE-Carpio (Lakas-CMD) 61.5%, Francis PANGILINAN (LP) 17.8%, Tito SOTTO 15.8%, other 4.9%<br><br><em>2016: </em>Rodrigo DUTERTE elected president; percent of vote - Rodrigo DUTERTE (PDP-Laban) 39%, Manuel \"Mar\" ROXAS (LP) 23.5%, Grace POE (independent) 21.4%, Jejomar BINAY (UNA) 12.7%, Miriam Defensor SANTIAGO (PRP) 3.4%; Leni ROBREDO elected vice president; percent of vote Leni ROBREDO (LP) 35.1%, Bongbong MARCOS (independent) 34.5%, Alan CAYETANO 14.4%, Francis ESCUDERO (independent) 12%, other 4%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -611,7 +611,7 @@
"text": "Aksyon Demokratiko [Ernesto RAMEL, Jr] <br>Lakas ng EDSA-Christian Muslim Democrats or Lakas-CMD [Sara DUTERTE-CARPIO]<br>Liberal Party or LP [Francis PANGILINAN]<br>Nacionalista Party or NP [Manuel \"Manny\" VILLAR]<br>National Unity Party or NUP [Ronaldo V. PUNO]<br>Partido Demokratiko Pilipino-Lakas ng Bayan or PDP-Laban [Rodrigo DUTERTE]<br>Partido Federal ng Pilipinas or PFP [Ferdinand MARCOS, Jr.]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB, APEC, ARF, ASEAN, BIS, CD, CICA (observer), CP, EAS, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSTAH, NAM, OAS (observer), OPCW, PCA, PIF (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNMOGIP, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ADB, APEC, ARF, ASEAN, BIS, CD, CICA (observer), CP, EAS, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSTAH, NAM, OAS (observer), OPCW, PCA, PIF (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNMOGIP, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

6
east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json
View file

@ -539,10 +539,10 @@
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister; Cabinet responsible to Parliament"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a fixed term of 6 years (there are no term limits); election last held on 13 September 2017 (next to be held in 2023); following legislative elections, leader of majority party or majority coalition appointed prime minister by president; deputy prime ministers appointed by the president"
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 6-year term (no term limits); election last held on 13 September 2017 (next to be held on 1 Septembere 2023); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition appointed prime minister by the president; deputy prime ministers appointed by the president"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em>2017</em>: HALIMAH Yacob was declared president on 13 September 2017, being the only eligible candidate<br><br><em>2011</em>: Tony TAN Keng Yam elected president; percent of vote - Tony TAN Keng Yam (independent) 35.2%, TAN Cheng Bock (independent) 34.9%, TAN Jee Say (independent) 25%, TAN Kin Lian (independent) 4.9%"
"text": "<em><br>2017</em>: HALIMAH Yacob declared president on 13 September 2017, being the only eligible candidate<br><br><em>2011</em>: Tony TAN Keng Yam elected president; percent of vote - Tony TAN Keng Yam (independent) 35.2%, TAN Cheng Bock (independent) 34.9%, TAN Jee Say (independent) 25%, TAN Kin Lian (independent) 4.9%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -572,7 +572,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the PAP has won every general election since the end of the British colonial era in 1959"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB, AOSIS, APEC, Arctic Council (observer), ARF, ASEAN, BIS, C, CP, EAS, FAO, FATF, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ADB, AOSIS, APEC, Arctic Council (observer), ARF, ASEAN, BIS, C, CP, EAS, FAO, FATF, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNOOSA, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

6
east-n-southeast-asia/th.json
View file

@ -591,9 +591,9 @@
"text": "Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister, appointed by the king; a Privy Council advises the king"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; the House of Representatives and Senate approves a person for prime minister who must then be appointed by the king (as stated in the transitory provision of the 2017 constitution); starting in 2024, only the approval of the House of Representatives will be required for the name of a prime minister to be forwarded for the king's approval; the office of prime minister can be held for up to a total of 8 years"
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister candidate approved by the House of Representatives and Senate and appointed by the king; starting in 2024, approval of prime minister needed only by the House of Representatives"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong>  PRAYUT Chan-ocha was appointed interim prime minister in August 2014, three months after he staged the coup that removed the previously elected government of Prime Minister YINGLAK Chinnawat; on 5 June 2019 PRAYUT (independent) was approved as prime minister by the parliament; the Constitutional Court in September 2022 ruled that PRAYUT's term as prime minister began in April 2017 with the promulgation of Thailand's most recent constitution, meaning he will not reach the statutory 8-year limit until 2025"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong>  PRAYUT Chan-ocha was appointed interim prime minister in August 2014, three months after he staged the coup that removed the previously elected government of Prime Minister YINGLAK Chinnawat; on 5 June 2019, PRAYUT (independent) approved as prime minister by the National Assembly; the Constitutional Court in September 2022 ruled that PRAYUT's term as prime minister began in April 2017 with the promulgation of Thailand's most recent constitution, meaning he will not reach the statutory 8-year limit until 2025"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
@ -621,7 +621,7 @@
"text": "Action Coalition Party or ACP [ANEK Laothammathast]<br>Bhumjaithai Party (aka Phumchai Thai Party or PJT; aka Thai Pride Party) or BJT [ANUTIN Chanwirakun]<br>Chat Phatthana Kla arty (National Development Party) [KON Chatikawanit]<br>Chat Thai Phatthana Party (Thai Nation Development Party) or CTP [VARAWUT Silpa-archa]<br>New Economics Party or NEP [MANUN Siwaphiromrat]<br>Move Forward Party or MFP [PHITHA Limcharoenrat] <br>Palang Pracharat Party (People's State Power Party) or PPRP [PRAWIT Wongsuwan] <br>Prachachat Party or PCC [WAN Muhamad NOOR Matha]<br>Prachathipat Party (Democrat Party) or DP [JURIN Laksanawisit] <br>Puea Chat Party (For Nation Party) or PCP [SARUNWUT Sarunket]<br>Puea Thai Party (For Thais Party) or PTP [CHONLANAN Srikaew]<br>Puea Tham Party (For Dharma Party) [NALINI Thawisin]<br>Seri Ruam Thai Party (Thai Liberal Party or TLP) [SERIPHISUT Temiyawet]<br>Thai Civilized Party or TCL [MONGKOLKIT Suksintharanon]<br>Thai Local Power Party or TLP [CHATCHAWAI Kong-udom]<br>Thai People Power Party or TLPT [NIKHOM Bunwiset]<br>Thai Sang Thai Party [SUDARAT Keyuraphan]<br>United Thai Nation (Ruam Thai Sang Chat) or UTN [PHIRAPHAN Saliratthawiphak]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB, APEC, ARF, ASEAN, BIMSTEC, BIS, CD, CICA, CP, EAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC (observer), OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE (partner), PCA, PIF (partner), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMOGIP, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ADB, APEC, ARF, ASEAN, BIMSTEC, BIS, CD, CICA, CP, EAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC (observer), OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE (partner), PCA, PIF (partner), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMOGIP, UNOOSA, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

6
east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json
View file

@ -538,19 +538,19 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Jos&eacute; RAMOS-HORTA (since May 2022); note - the president is commander in chief of the military and is able to veto legislation, dissolve parliament, and call national elections"
"text": "President Jos&eacute; RAMOS-HORTA (since May 2022); note - the president is commander in chief of the military and can veto legislation, dissolve parliament, and call national elections"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Kay Rala Xanana GUSMAO (since 1 July 2023)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "the governing coalition in the Parliament proposes cabinet member candidates to the prime minister, who presents these recommendations to the President of the Republic for swearing in"
"text": "Council of Ministers; ministers proposed to the prime minister by the coalition in the Parliament and sworn in by the President of the Republic"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); last election held in April 2022; following parliamentary elections, the president appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as the prime minister"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em>2022</em>: José RAMOS-HORTA elected president in a run-off election -  RAMOS-HORTA (CNRT) 62.1%, Francisco GUTERRES (FRETILIN) 37.9%<br><br><em>2017</em>: Francisco GUTERRES (FRETILIN) 57.1%, António da CONCEICAO (PD) 32.46%"
"text": "<br><em>2022</em>: José RAMOS-HORTA elected president in a runoff - RAMOS-HORTA (CNRT) 62.1%, Francisco GUTERRES (FRETILIN) 37.9%<br><br><em>2017</em>: Francisco GUTERRES (FRETILIN) 57.1%, António da CONCEICAO (PD) 32.46%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {

2
east-n-southeast-asia/tw.json
View file

@ -429,7 +429,7 @@
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 11 January 2020 (next to be held on 13 January 2024); premier appointed by the president; vice premiers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the premier"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em>2020</em>: TSAI Ing-wen elected president; percent of vote - TSAI Ing-wen (DPP) 57.1%, HAN Kuo-yu (KMT) 38.6%, James SOONG (PFP) 4.2%; note - TSAI is the first woman elected president of Taiwan<br><br><em>2016</em>: TSAI Ing-wen elected president; percent of vote - TSAI Ing-wen (DPP) 56.1%, Eric CHU (KMT) 31%, James SOONG (PFP) 12.8%"
"text": "<br><em>2020: </em>TSAI Ing-wen reelected president; percent of vote - TSAI Ing-wen (DPP) 57.1%, HAN Kuo-yu (KMT) 38.6%, James SOONG (PFP) 4.2%; note - TSAI is the first woman elected president of Taiwan<br><em><br><em>2016</em>: </em>TSAI Ing-wen elected president; percent of vote - TSAI Ing-wen (DPP) 56.1%, Eric CHU (KMT) 31%, James SOONG (PFP) 12.8%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {

4
east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json
View file

@ -575,7 +575,7 @@
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Quoc Hoi &nbsp;(500 seats - number following 2021 election - 499; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Quoc Hoi (500 seats - number following 2021 election - 499; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 23 May 2021 (next to be held in spring 2026)"
@ -600,7 +600,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> other parties proscribed"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB, APEC, ARF, ASEAN, CICA, CP, EAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ADB, APEC, ARF, ASEAN, CICA, CP, EAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

8
europe/al.json
View file

@ -601,7 +601,7 @@
"text": "Alliance for Change (electoral coalition led by PD)<br>Democratic Party or PD [Enkelejd ALIBEAJ, interim leader]<br>Party for Justice, Integration and Unity or PDIU [Shpetim IDRIZI] (part of the Alliance for Change)<br>Social Democratic Party or PSD [Tom DOSHI]<br>Socialist Movement for Integration or LSI [Monika KRYEMADHI]<br>Socialist Party or PS [Edi RAMA]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "BSEC, CD, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, EITI (compliant country), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO",
"text": "BSEC, CD, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, EITI (compliant country), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO",
"note": "<strong>note</strong>: Albania is an EU candidate country whose satisfactory completion of accession criteria is required before being granted full EU membership"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
@ -723,10 +723,10 @@
},
"Credit ratings": {
"Moody's rating": {
"text": "B1 (2007)"
"text": "B1 (2021)"
},
"Standard & Poors rating": {
"text": "B+ (2016)"
"text": "B+ (2020)"
},
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained."
},
@ -1235,7 +1235,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "1,948 (2022)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 45,082 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2023)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 45,491 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2023)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>a source country for cannabis and an active transshipment point for Albanian narco-trafficking organizations moving illicit drugs into European markets</p>"

4
europe/au.json
View file

@ -592,7 +592,7 @@
"text": "Austrian People's Party or OeVP [Karl NEHAMMER]<br>Freedom Party of Austria or FPOe [Herbert KICKI]<br>The Greens - The Green Alternative [Werner KOGLER]<br>NEOS - The New Austria and Liberal Forum [Beate MEINL-REISINGER]<br>Social Democratic Party of Austria or SPOe [Pamela RENDI-WAGNER]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
"text": "ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1263,7 +1263,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "68,700 (Syria), 43,725 (Afghanistan), 10,110 (Iraq), 8,684 (Somalia), 7,294 (Iran), 6,124 (Russia) (mid-year 2022); 68,700 (Ukraine) (as of 7 August 2023)"
"text": "68,700 (Syria), 43,725 (Afghanistan), 10,110 (Iraq), 8,684 (Somalia), 7,294 (Iran), 6,124 (Russia) (mid-year 2022); 68,700 (Ukraine) (as of 21 August 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "3,219 (2022)"

8
europe/be.json
View file

@ -583,7 +583,7 @@
"text": "<strong>Flemish parties:</strong> <br>Christian Democratic and Flemish or CD&amp;V [Sammy MAHDI]<br>Forward [Conner ROUSSEAU] (formerly Social Progressive Alternative or SP.A)<br>Groen or Green [Nadia NAJI and Jeremie VANEECKHOUT] (formerly AGALEV, Flemish Greens)<br>New Flemish Alliance or N-VA [Bart DE WEVER]<br>Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats or Open VLD [Egbert LACHAERT]<br>Vlaams Belang (Flemish Interest) or VB [Tom VAN GRIEKEN]<br><strong>Francophone parties:</strong> <br>Ecolo (Francophone Greens) [Jean-Marc NOLLET and Rajae MAOUANE]<br>Francophone Federalist Democrats or Defi [Francois DE SMET]<br>Les Engages [Maxime PREVOT] (formerly Humanist and Democratic Center or CDH)<br>Reform Movement or MR [George-Louis BOUCHEZ]<br>Socialist Party or PS [Paul MAGNETTE]<br>Workers' Party or PVDA-PTB [Raoul HEDEBOUW]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB (nonregional members), AfDB (nonregional members), Australia Group, Benelux, BIS, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MONUSCO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNRWA, UNTSO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
"text": "ADB (nonregional members), AfDB (nonregional members), Australia Group, Benelux, BIS, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MONUSCO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNRWA, UNTSO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1248,8 +1248,8 @@
"text": "the armed forces have a mix of weapons systems from European countries, Israel, and the US; Belgium has an export-focused defense industry that focuses on components and subcontracting (2023)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; conscription abolished in 1995 (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> in 2020, women comprised about 9% of the military's full-time personnel<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> foreign nationals 18-34 years of age who speak Dutch or French and are citizens of EU countries, Iceland, Lichtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland may apply to join the military"
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; conscription abolished in 1995 (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> in 2023, women comprised nearly 11% of the military's full-time personnel<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> foreign nationals 18-34 years of age who speak Dutch or French and are citizens of EU countries, Iceland, Lichtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland may apply to join the military"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "125 France (EuroCorps); 325 Eastern Europe (NATO); 100 Middle East; 325 Niger  (2023)",
@ -1280,7 +1280,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "20,086 (Syria), 7,049 (Afghanistan), 5,769 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 71,730 (Ukraine) (as of 18 July 2023)"
"text": "20,086 (Syria), 7,049 (Afghanistan), 5,769 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 73,095 (Ukraine) (as of 22 August 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "1,190 (2022)"

2
europe/bk.json
View file

@ -1226,7 +1226,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "48 (2022)"
},
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>126,628 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2023)"
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>131,139 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2023)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>drug trafficking groups are major players in the procurement and transportation of large quantities of cocaine destined for European markets</p>"

6
europe/bo.json
View file

@ -595,7 +595,7 @@
"text": "<strong>pro-government parties:</strong><br>Belarusian Agrarian Party or BAP [Mikhail RUSY]<br>Belarusian Patriotic Party or BPP [Mikalay ULAKHOVICH]<br>Belarusian Social Sport Party or BSSP [Uladzimir ALEKSANDROVICH]<br>Belaya Rus [Henadz DAVYDKA]<br>Communist Party of Belarus or KPB [Alyaksey SOKOL]<br>Liberal Democratic Party or LDP [Aleh GAYDUKEVICH]<br>Republican Party [Uladzimir BELAZOR]<br>Republican Party of Labor and Justice [Alyaksandr STSYAPANAW]<br>Social Democratic Party of Popular Accord [Syarhey YERMAK]<br><strong>opposition parties:</strong> <br>Belarusian Christian Democracy Party [Paval SEVYARYNETS, Volha KAVALKOVA, Vital RYMASHEWSKI] (unregistered)<br>Belarusian Party of the Green [Dzimtry KUCHUK]<br>Belarusian Party of the Left \"Just World\" [Syarhey KALYAKIN]<br>Belarusian Social-Democratic Assembly of BSDH [Syarhey CHERACHEN]<br>Belarusian Social Democratic Party (\"Assembly\") or BSDPH [Ihar BARYSAW]<br>Belarusian Social Democratic Party (People's Assembly) or BSDP [Mikalay STATKEVICH] (unregistered)<br>BPF Party [Ryhor KASTUSYOW]<br>Christian Conservative Party-BPF [Zyanon PAZNYAK]<br>United Civic Party or UCP [Mikalay KAZLOW]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "BSEC (observer), CBSS (observer), CEI, CIS, CSTO, EAEC, EAEU, EAPC, EBRD, FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, NSG, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SCO (dialogue member), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer), ZC"
"text": "BSEC (observer), CBSS (observer), CEI, CIS, CSTO, EAEC, EAEU, EAPC, EBRD, FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, NSG, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SCO (dialogue member), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer), ZC"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 45,000 active duty troops; information on the individual services varies, but reportedly includes about 25,000 Army, 15,000 Air/Air Defense, and 5,000 Special Operations forces (2022)"
"text": "approximately 45-50,000 active-duty troops; information on the individual services varies, but reportedly includes about 25-30,000 Army, 15,000 Air/Air Defense, and 5,000 Special Operations forces (2023)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory is comprised mostly of Russian/Soviet-origin equipment, and in recent years Russia has continued to be the leading provider of arms; Belarus's defense industry manufactures some equipment (mostly modernized Soviet designs), including vehicles, guided weapons, and electronic warfare systems (2023)"
@ -1239,7 +1239,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> conscripts can be assigned to the military, to the Ministry of Interior as internal or border troops, or to the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection (alternative service); as of 2020, conscripts comprised an estimated 40% of the military"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Belarus has close security ties with Russia, including an integrated air and missile defense system, joint training exercises, and the establishment of three joint training centers since 2020 (1 in Belarus, 2 in Russia); Russia has been the principal supplier of arms to Belarus, and Belarusian troops reportedly train on Russian equipment; Russia leases from Belarus a strategic ballistic missile defense site operated by Russian Aerospace Forces and a global communications facility for the Russian Navy; in 2020, the countries signed an agreement allowing for close security cooperation between the Belarusian Ministry of Interior and the Russian National Guard, including protecting public order and key government facilities, and combating extremism and terrorism; in 2022, Belarus allowed Russian military forces to stage on its territory for its invasion of Ukraine and continues to supply arms and other aid to the Russian military; in 2023, Belarus agreed to allow Russia to deploy nuclear munitions inside the country<br><br>Belarus has been a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) since 1994 and contributes an airborne brigade to CSTO's rapid reaction force (KSOR) (2023)"
"text": "Belarus has close security ties with Russia, including an integrated air and missile defense system, joint training exercises, and the establishment of three joint training centers since 2020 (1 in Belarus, 2 in Russia); Russia has been the principal supplier of arms to Belarus, and Belarusian troops reportedly train on Russian equipment; Russia leases from Belarus a strategic ballistic missile defense site operated by Russian Aerospace Forces and a global communications facility for the Russian Navy; in 2020, the countries signed an agreement allowing for close security cooperation between the Belarusian Ministry of Interior and the Russian National Guard, including protecting public order and key government facilities, and combating extremism and terrorism; in 2022, Belarus allowed Russian military forces to stage on its territory for its invasion of Ukraine and continues to supply arms and other aid to the Russian military; in 2023, Belarus agreed to allow Russia to deploy nuclear munitions inside the country<br><br>Belarus has been a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) since 1994 and has committed an airborne brigade to CSTO's rapid reaction force (KSOR) (2023)"
}
},
"Space": {

2
europe/bu.json
View file

@ -594,7 +594,7 @@
"text": "Agrarian People's Union or ZNS [Roumen YONCHEV]<br>BSP for Bulgaria [Korneliya NINOVA] (alliance of BSP, PKT, Ecoglasnost)<br>Bulgaria of the Citizens or DBG [Dimitar DELCHEV]<br>Bulgarian Agrarian People’s Union or BZNS [Nikolay NENCHEV]<br>Bulgarian Rise or BV [Stefan YANEV]<br>Bulgarian Socialist Party or BSP [Korneliya NINOVA]<br>Citizens for the European Development of Bulgaria or GERB [Boyko BORISOV] (alliance with SDS) <br>Democratic Bulgaria or DB (alliance of Yes! Bulgaria, DSB, and The Greens) [Atanas ATANASOV, Hristo IVANOV]<br>Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria or DSB [Atanas ATANASOV]<br>Ecoglasnost [Emil GEORGIEV]<br>Green Movement or The Greens [Borislav SANDOV, Vladislav PENEV]<br>Middle European Class or SEC [Konstantin BACHIISKI]<br>Movement for Rights and Freedoms or DPS [Mustafa KARADAYI]<br>Movement 21 or D21 [Tatyana DONCHEVA]<br>New Dawn [Mincho MINCHEV]<br>Political Club Thrace or PKT [Stefan NACHEZ]<br>Political Movement \"Social Democrats\" or PDS  [Elena NONEVA]<br>Revival [Kostadin KOSTADINOV]<br>Stand Up.BG or IS.BG [Maya MONOLOVA]<br>Stand Up.BG, We Are Coming! or IBG-NI [Maya MONOLOVA, Nikolay HADZHIGENOV] (coalition of IS.BG, D21, DBG, ENP, and ZNS)<br>There is Such a People or ITN [Slavi TRIFONOV]<br>United People's Party or ENP [Valentina VASILEVA-FILADELFEVS]<br>Union of Democratic Forces or SDS [Rumen HRISTOV] (alliance with GERB) <br>Yes! Bulgaria [Hristo IVANOV]<br>Volt Bulgaria or Volt [Nastimir ANANIEV]<br>We Continue the Change of PP [Kiril PETKOV and Asen VASILEV] (electoral alliance of PP, PDS, SEC, and Volt)"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EU, FAO, G- 9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
"text": "Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EU, FAO, G- 9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNOOSA,&nbsp; UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

2
europe/cy.json
View file

@ -588,7 +588,7 @@
"text": "<strong>area under government control:</strong> <br>Citizens' Alliance or SP [Giorgos LILLIKAS] (dissolved 2 December 2021)<br>Democratic Front or DIPA [Marios GAROYIAN]<br>Democratic Party or DIKO [Nikolas PAPADOPOULOS]<br>Democratic Rally or DISY [Annita DIMITRIOU]<br>Movement of Ecologists - Citizens' Alliance [Charalambos THEOPEMPTOU]<br>Movement of Social Democrats EDEK [Marinos SIZOPOULOS]<br>National Popular Front or ELAM [Christos CHRISTOU]<br>Progressive Party of the Working People or AKEL (Communist Party) [Stefanos STEFANOU]<br>Solidarity Movement [Eleni THEOCHAROUS]<br><br><strong>area administered by Turkish Cypriots:</strong> <br>Communal Democracy Party or TDP [Mine ATLI]<br>Communal Liberation Party - New Forces or TKP-YG [Mehmet CAKICI]<br>Cyprus Socialist Party or KSP [Mehmet BIRINCI]<br>Democratic Party or DP [Fikri ATAOGLU]<br>National Democratic Party or NDP [Buray BUSKUVUTCU]<br>National Unity Party or UBP [Faiz SUCUOGLU]<br>New Cyprus Party or YKP [Murat KANATLI]<br>People's Party or HP [Kudret OZERSAY]<br>Rebirth Party or YDP [Erhan ARIKLI]<br>Republican Turkish Party or CTP [Tufan ERHURMAN]<br>United Cyprus Party or BKP [Izzet IZCAN]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "Australia Group, C, CD, CE, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "Australia Group, C, CD, CE, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

8
europe/da.json
View file

@ -31,10 +31,10 @@
},
"Land boundaries": {
"total": {
"text": "140 km"
"text": "141 km"
},
"border countries": {
"text": "Germany 140 km"
"text": "Germany 140 km; Canada 1.2 km"
}
},
"Coastline": {
@ -580,7 +580,7 @@
"text": "The Alternative or AP [Franciska ROSENKILDE]<br>Conservative People's Party or DKF or C [Soren PAPE POULSEN]<br>Danish People's Party or DF or O [Morten MESSERSCHMIDT]<br>Denmark Democrats or E [Inger STOJBERG]<br>Green Left or SF or F [Pia OLSEN DYHR] (formerly Socialist People's Party or SF or F)<br>Liberal Alliance or LA or I [Alex VANOPSLAGH]<br>Liberal Party (Venstre) or V [Jakob ELLEMANN-JENSEN]<br>Moderates or M [Lars Lokke RASMUSSEN]<br>New Right Party or NB or D [Ann Pernille VERMUND TVEDE]<br>Red-Green Alliance (Unity List) or EL [collective leadership, Mai VILLADSEN, spokesperson]<br>Social Democrats or SDP or A [Mette FREDERIKSEN]<br>Social Liberal Party or SLP or B [Martin LIDEGAARD]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNRWA, UNTSO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
"text": "ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOOSA, UNRWA, UNTSO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1235,7 +1235,7 @@
},
"Transnational Issues": {
"Disputes - international": {
"text": "<p>Iceland, the UK, and Ireland dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm; sovereignty dispute with Canada over Hans Island in the Kennedy Channel between Ellesmere Island and Greenland; Denmark (Greenland) and Norway have made submissions to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) and Russia is collecting additional data to augment its 2001 CLCS submission</p>"
"text": "<p>Iceland, the UK, and Ireland dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm; Denmark (Greenland) and Norway have made submissions to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) and Russia is collecting additional data to augment its 2001 CLCS submission</p>"
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {

2
europe/ei.json
View file

@ -1215,7 +1215,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "91,785 (Ukraine) (as of 13 August 2023)"
"text": "92,180 (Ukraine) (as of 20 August 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "7 (2022)"

4
europe/ez.json
View file

@ -583,7 +583,7 @@
"text": "Christian Democratic Union-Czechoslovak People's Party or KDU-CSL [Marian JURECKA]<br>Civic Democratic Party or ODS [Petr FIALA]<br>Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia or KSCM [Katerina KONECNA]<br>Czech Social Democratic Party or CSSD [Michal SMARDA]<br>Freedom and Direct Democracy or SPD [Tomio OKAMURA]<br>Mayors and Independents or STAN [Vit RAKUSAN]<br>Mayors for the Liberec Region [Martin PUTA]<br>Action of Dissatisfied Citizens or ANO (<em lang=\"cs\">Akce nespokojených občanů)</em> [Andrej BABIS]<br>Party of Free Citizens Svobodni [Libor VONDRACEK]<br>Pirate Party or Pirates [Ivan BARTOS]<br>Senator 21 [Vaclav LASKA]<br>Tradition Responsibility Prosperity 09 or TOP 09 [Marketa PEKAROVA ADAMOVA]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, ESA, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MONUSCO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
"text": "Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, ESA, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MONUSCO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1230,7 +1230,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "361,485 (Ukraine) (as of 13 August 2023)"
"text": "363,195 (Ukraine) (as of 20 August 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "1,625 (2022)"

4
europe/fi.json
View file

@ -598,7 +598,7 @@
"text": "Aland Coalition (a coalition of several political parties on the Aland Islands)<br>Center Party or Kesk [Annika SAARIKKO]<br>Christian Democrats or KD [Sari ESSAYAH]<br>Finns Party or PS [Riikka PURRA]<br>Green League or Vihr [Sofia VIRTA]<br>Left Alliance or Vas [Li ANDERSSON]<br>Movement Now or Liike Nyt [Harry HARKINO]<br>National Coalition Party or Kok [Petteri ORPO]<br>Social Democratic Party or SDP [Sanna MARIN]<br>Swedish People's Party or RKP or SFP [Anna-Maja HENRIKSSON]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMIL, UNMOGIP, UNRWA, UNSOM, UNTSO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
"text": "ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMIL, UNMOGIP, UNOOSA, UNRWA, UNSOM, UNTSO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1276,7 +1276,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "9,175 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 60,015 (Ukraine) (as of 14 August 2023)"
"text": "9,175 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 60,315 (Ukraine) (as of 21 August 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "3,546 (2022)"

2
europe/fr.json
View file

@ -624,7 +624,7 @@
"text": "Citizen and Republican Movement or MRC [Jean-Luc LAURENT]<br>Debout la France or DLF [Nicolas DUPONT-AIGNAN]<br>Democratic Movement or MoDem [Francois BAYROU]<br>Ecologist Pole or PE<br>Ensemble or ENS [Richard Ferrand] (electoral coalition including RE, MoDem, Horizons, PRV)<br>Europe Ecology - the Greens or EELV [Marine TONDELIER]<br>French Communist Party or PCF [Fabien ROUSSEL]<br>Horizons [Hubert VALADE]<br>La France Insoumise or FI [Jean-Luc MELENCHON]<br>Liberties, Independents, Overseas and Territories or LIOT [Bertrand PANCHER, Christopher NAEGELEN]<br>Movement of Progressives or MDP [Robert HUE]<br>National Rally or RN [Jordan BARDELLA] (formerly National Front or FN)<br>New Democrats or LND [Aurelien TACHE, Emilie CARIOU] (formerly Ecology Democracy Solidarity or EDS)<br>New Ecological and Social People's Union or NUPES [collective leadership] (electoral coalition including FI, PE, PS, PCF)<br>Radical Party of the Left or PRV [Laurent HENART]<br>Reconquete or REC [Eric ZEMMOUR]<br>Renaissance or RE [Stephane SEJOURNE] <br>Resistons! [Jean LASSALLE]<br>Socialist Party or PS [Olivier FAURE]<br>The Patriots or LP [Florian PHILIPPOT]<br>The Republicans or LR [Eric CIOTTI]<br>Union of Democrats and Independents or UDI [Jean-Christophe LAGARDE]<br>Union of Right and Center or UDC [Christian JACOB] (electoral coalition including LR, UDI)"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council (observer), Australia Group, BDEAC, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS (observer), CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, FZ, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, G-20, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, PIF (partner), Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNOCI, UNRWA, UN Security Council (permanent), UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
"text": "ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council (observer), Australia Group, BDEAC, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS (observer), CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, FZ, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, G-20, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, PIF (partner), Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNRWA, UN Security Council (permanent), UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

4
europe/gm.json
View file

@ -609,7 +609,7 @@
"text": "Alliance '90/Greens [Ricarda LANG and Omid NOURIPOUR]<br>Alternative for Germany or AfD [Alice WEIDEL and Tino CHRUPALLA]<br>Christian Democratic Union or CDU [Friedrich MERZ]<br>Christian Social Union or CSU [Markus SOEDER]<br>Free Democratic Party or FDP [Christian LINDNER]<br>Free Voters [Hubert AIWANGER]<br>The Left or Die Linke [Janine WISSLER and Martin SCHIRDEWAN]<br>Social Democratic Party or SPD [Saskia ESKEN and Lars KLINGBEIL]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council (observer), Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS, CD, CDB, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, G-20, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), SICA (observer), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMISS, UNRWA, UNSOM, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
"text": "ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council (observer), Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS, CD, CDB, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, G-20, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), SICA (observer), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMISS, UNOOSA, UNRWA, UNSOM, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1315,7 +1315,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "664,238 (Syria), 183,631 (Afghanistan), 151,254 (Iraq), 64,496 (Eritrea), 47,658 (Iran), 38,755 (Turkey), 32,155 (Somalia), 13,334 (Russia), 12,155 (Nigeria), 9,250 (Pakistan), 6,257 (Serbia and Kosovo), 6,912 (Ethiopia), 5,532 (Azerbaijan) (mid-year 2022); 1,087,130 (Ukraine) (as of 6 August 2023)"
"text": "664,238 (Syria), 183,631 (Afghanistan), 151,254 (Iraq), 64,496 (Eritrea), 47,658 (Iran), 38,755 (Turkey), 32,155 (Somalia), 13,334 (Russia), 12,155 (Nigeria), 9,250 (Pakistan), 6,257 (Serbia and Kosovo), 6,912 (Ethiopia), 5,532 (Azerbaijan) (mid-year 2022); 1,084,410 (Ukraine) (as of 6 August 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "28,941 (2022)"

4
europe/gr.json
View file

@ -580,7 +580,7 @@
"text": "Coalition of the Radical Left-Progressive Alliance or SYRIZA-PS (vacant)<br>Communist Party of Greece or KKE [Dimitrios KOUTSOUMBAS]<br>Course of Freedom [Zoe KONSTANTOPOULOU]<br>Democratic Patriotic Movement-Victory or NIKI [Dimitris NATSIOS]<br>Greek Solution [Kyriakos VELOPOULOS]<br>New Democracy or ND [Kyriakos MITSOTAKIS]<br>PASOK - Movement for Change or PASOK-KINAL [Nikolaos (Nikos) ANDROULAKIS]<br>Spartans [Vassilis STIGAS]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
"text": "Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1248,7 +1248,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "4,488 (2022)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 1,245,656 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2023)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 1,247,731 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2023)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "a gateway to Europe for traffickers smuggling cannabis products and heroin from the Middle East and Southwest Asia to the West and precursor chemicals to the East; some South American cocaine transits or is consumed in Greece; money laundering related to drug trafficking and organized crime"

4
europe/hr.json
View file

@ -1247,12 +1247,12 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "23,035 (Ukraine) (as of 4 August 2023)"
"text": "23,170 (Ukraine) (as of 18 August 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "2,889 (2022)"
},
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>813,368 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2023)"
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>820,999 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2023)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>drug trafficking groups are major players in the procurement and transportation of of large quantities of cocaine destined for European markets</p> <p> </p>"

4
europe/hu.json
View file

@ -601,7 +601,7 @@
"text": "Christian Democratic People's Party or KDNP [Zsolt SEMJEN]<br>Democratic Coalition or DK [Ferenc GYURCSANY]<br>Dialogue for Hungary (Parbeszed) or PM [Bence TORDAI, Rebeka SZABO]<br>Fidesz-Hungarian Civic Alliance or Fidesz [Viktor ORBAN]<br>Hungarian Socialist Party or MSZP [Bertalan TOTH, Agnes KUNHALMI]<br>LMP-Hungary's Green Party [Peter UNGAR, Erzsebet SCHMUCK]<br>Mi Hazank (Our Homeland Movement) or MHM [Laszlo TOROCZKAI]<br>Momentum Movement (Momentum Mozgalom) [Ferenc GELENCSER]<br>Movement for a Better Hungary or Jobbik [Marton GYONGYOSI]<br>National Self-Government of Germans in Hungary or LdU [Ibolya HOCK-ENGLENDER]<br>United for Hungary (a coalition of Jobbik, MSZP, Dialogue, DK, LMP, and Momentum)"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "Australia Group, BIS, CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, ESA (cooperating state), EU, FAO, G-9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
"text": "Australia Group, BIS, CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, ESA (cooperating state), EU, FAO, G-9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1286,7 +1286,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "52,290 (Ukraine) (as of 14 August 2023)"
"text": "52,290 (Ukraine) (as of 20 August 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "130 (2022)"

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