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8
europe/al.json
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@ -1080,7 +1080,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "General Staff, Land Forces Command, Navy Force Command (includes Coast Guard), Air Forces Command, Support Command, Training and Doctrination Command (2021)"
"text": "Republic of Albania Armed Forces (Forcat e Armatosura të Republikës së Shqipërisë (FARSH)): Land Forces, Navy Forces (includes Coast Guard), Air Forces (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
@ -1105,11 +1105,11 @@
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Albanian military was previously equipped with mostly Soviet-era weapons that were sold or destroyed; its inventory now includes a mix of mostly donated and second-hand European and US equipment; since 2010, it has received limited amounts of equipment from France, Germany, and the US (2020)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "19 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; 18 is the legal minimum age in case of general/partial compulsory mobilization; conscription abolished 2010 (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Albania officially became a member of NATO in 2009"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "19 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; 18 is the legal minimum age in case of general/partial compulsory mobilization; conscription abolished 2010 (2019)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

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europe/au.json
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@ -1125,7 +1125,7 @@
"text": "the Austrian military's inventory includes a mix of domestically-produced and imported weapons systems from European countries and the US; since 2010, Germany and Italy are the leading suppliers of armaments to Austria; the Austrian defense industry produces a range of equipment and partners with other countries (2020)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "300 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR stabilization force); 320 Kosovo (NATO); 180 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (March 2021)"
"text": "290 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR stabilization force); 340 Kosovo (NATO); 180 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (Sep 2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "registration requirement at age 17, the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; 18 is the legal minimum age for compulsory military service (6 months), or optionally, alternative civil/community service (9 months); males 18 to 50 years old in the militia or inactive reserve are subject to compulsory service; in a January 2012 referendum, a majority of Austrians voted in favor of retaining the system of compulsory military service (with the option of alternative/non-military service) instead of switching to a professional army system (2015)"

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europe/be.json
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@ -1115,7 +1115,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Belgian Armed Forces: Land Component, Naval Component, Air Component, Medical Service (2021)"
"text": "Belgian Armed Forces: Land Component, Marine (Naval) Component, Air Component, Medical Service (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
@ -1135,19 +1135,19 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "the Belgian Armed Forces have approximately 26,000 active duty personnel (11,000 Land Component; 1,500 Navy; 5,000 Air Force; 1,500 Medical Service; 7,000 other, including joint staff, support, and training schools) (2020)"
"text": "the Belgian Armed Forces have approximately 26,000 active duty personnel (11,000 Land Component; 1,500 Marine Component; 5,000 Air Force Component; 1,500 Medical Service; 7,000 other, including joint staff, support, and training schools) (2020)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Belgian Armed Forces have a mix of weapons systems from European countries, Israel, and the US; since 2010, France, Germany, and Switzerland are the leading suppliers of armaments; Belgium has an export-focused defense industry that focuses on components and subcontracting (2020)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "125 France (contributing member of EuroCorps); 100 Mali (EUTM/MINUSMA); est. 260 Baltic States (NATO) (2020)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 1995 (2019)"
"text": "125 France (contributing member of EuroCorps); 100 Mali (EUTM/MINUSMA); est. 260 Baltic States (NATO) (2021)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Belgium is a member of NATO and was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) in 1949 <br><br>in 2018, the Defense Ministers of Belgium, Denmark and the Netherlands signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) for the creation of a Composite Special Operations Component Command (C-SOCC); the C-SOCC was declared operational in December 2020"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 1995 (2019)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

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europe/bk.json
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@ -1158,7 +1158,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "66 (2020)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 82,052 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2021)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 81,541 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2021)"
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {

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europe/bu.json
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@ -1152,11 +1152,11 @@
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Bulgarian Armed Forces inventory consists primarily of Soviet-era equipment, although in recent years Bulgaria has procured limited amounts of more modern weapons systems from Western countries, including France, Italy, Norway, and the US (2020)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-27 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription ended in 2007; service obligation 6-9 months (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Bulgaria officially became a member of NATO in 2004"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-27 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription ended in 2007; service obligation 6-9 months (2019)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {
@ -1176,7 +1176,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "1,141 (2020)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 61,920 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2021); Bulgaria is predominantly a transit country"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 63,543 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2021); Bulgaria is predominantly a transit country"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "major European transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and, to a lesser degree, South American cocaine for the European market; limited producer of precursor chemicals; vulnerable to money laundering because of corruption, organized crime; some money laundering of drug-related proceeds through financial institutions"

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europe/cy.json
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@ -1150,11 +1150,11 @@
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the inventory of the Cypriot National Guard is a mix of Soviet-era and some more modern weapons systems; since 2010, it has received equipment from France, Israel, Italy, Oman, and Russia (2020)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "Cypriot National Guard (CNG): 18-50 years of age for compulsory military service for all Greek Cypriot males; 17 years of age for voluntary service; 12-month service obligation (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNICYP) was set up in 1964 to prevent further fighting between the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities on the island and bring about a return to normal conditions; as of March 2020, the UNICYP mission consisted of about 830 personnel (2020)"
"text": "the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) was set up in 1964 to prevent further fighting between the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities on the island and bring about a return to normal conditions; the UNFICYP mission had about 1,000 personnel, including some 800 military troops as of July 2021"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "Cypriot National Guard (CNG): 18-50 years of age for compulsory military service for all Greek Cypriot males; 17 years of age for voluntary service; 14-month service obligation (2019)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {
@ -1177,7 +1177,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "56 (2020)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 24,053 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2021)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 24,651 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2021)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "minor transit point for heroin and hashish via air routes and container traffic to Europe, especially from Lebanon and Turkey; some cocaine transits as well; despite a strengthening of anti-money-laundering legislation, remains vulnerable to money laundering; reporting of suspicious transactions in offshore sector remains weak"

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europe/da.json
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@ -1143,11 +1143,11 @@
"Military deployments": {
"text": "140 Middle East/Iraq (NATO/Operation Inherent Resolve) (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscripts serve an initial training period that varies from 4 to 12 months depending on specialization; former conscripts are assigned to mobilization units; women eligible to volunteer for military service; in addition to full time employment, the Danish Military offers reserve contracts in all three branches (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Denmark is a member of NATO and was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) in 1949<br><br>in 2018, the Defense Ministers of Belgium, Denmark and the Netherlands signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) for the creation of a Composite Special Operations Component Command (C-SOCC); the C-SOCC was declared operational in December 2020"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscripts serve an initial training period that varies from 4 to 12 months depending on specialization; former conscripts are assigned to mobilization units; women eligible to volunteer for military service; in addition to full time employment, the Danish Military offers reserve contracts in all three branches (2019)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

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europe/ee.json
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Preliminary statement": {
"text": "<p>The evolution of what is today the European Union (EU) from a regional economic agreement among six neighboring states in 1951 to today's hybrid intergovernmental and supranational organization of 27 countries across the European continent stands as an unprecedented phenomenon in the annals of history. Dynastic unions for territorial consolidation were long the norm in Europe; on a few occasions even country-level unions were arranged - the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Austro-Hungarian Empire were examples. But for such a large number of nation-states to cede some of their sovereignty to an overarching entity is unique.</p> <p>Although the EU is not a federation in the strict sense, it is far more than a free-trade association such as ASEAN or Mercosur, and it has certain attributes associated with independent nations: its own flag, currency (for some members), and law-making abilities, as well as diplomatic representation and a common foreign and security policy in its dealings with external partners.</p> <p>Thus, inclusion of basic intelligence on the EU has been deemed appropriate as a separate entity in The World Factbook. However, because of the EU's special status, this description is placed after the regular country entries.</p>"
"text": "<p>The evolution of what is today the European Union (EU) from a regional economic agreement among six neighboring states in 1951 to today's hybrid intergovernmental and supranational organization of 27 countries across the European continent stands as an unprecedented phenomenon in the annals of history. Dynastic unions for territorial consolidation were long the norm in Europe; on a few occasions even country-level unions were arranged - the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Austro-Hungarian Empire were examples. But for such a large number of nation-states to cede some of their sovereignty to an overarching entity is unique.</p> <p>Although the EU is not a federation in the strict sense, it is far more than a free-trade association such as ASEAN or Mercosur, and it has certain attributes associated with independent nations: its own flag, currency (for some members), and law-making abilities, as well as diplomatic representation and a common foreign and security policy in its dealings with external partners.</p> <p>Thus, inclusion of basic intelligence on the EU has been deemed appropriate as a separate entity in The World Factbook.</p>"
},
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Following the two devastating World Wars in the first half of the 20th century, a number of far-sighted European leaders in the late 1940s sought a response to the overwhelming desire for peace and reconciliation on the continent. In 1950, the French Foreign Minister Robert SCHUMAN proposed pooling the production of coal and steel in Western Europe and setting up an organization for that purpose that would bring France and the Federal Republic of Germany together and would be open to other countries as well. The following year, the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) was set up when six members - Belgium, France, West Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands - signed the Treaty of Paris.</p> <p>The ECSC was so successful that within a few years the decision was made to integrate other elements of the countries' economies. In 1957, envisioning an \"ever closer union,\" the Treaties of Rome created the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom), and the six member states undertook to eliminate trade barriers among themselves by forming a common market. In 1967, the institutions of all three communities were formally merged into the European Community (EC), creating a single Commission, a single Council of Ministers, and the body known today as the European Parliament. Members of the European Parliament were initially selected by national parliaments, but in 1979 the first direct elections were undertaken and have been held every five years since.</p> <p>In 1973, the first enlargement of the EC took place with the addition of Denmark, Ireland, and the UK. The 1980s saw further membership expansion with Greece joining in 1981 and Spain and Portugal in 1986. The 1992 Treaty of Maastricht laid the basis for further forms of cooperation in foreign and defense policy, in judicial and internal affairs, and in the creation of an economic and monetary union - including a common currency. This further integration created the European Union (EU), at the time standing alongside the EC. In 1995, Austria, Finland, and Sweden joined the EU/EC, raising the membership total to 15.</p> <p>A new currency, the euro, was launched in world money markets on 1 January 1999; it became the unit of exchange for all EU member states except Denmark, Sweden, and the UK. In 2002, citizens of those 12 countries began using euro banknotes and coins. Ten new countries joined the EU in 2004 - Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia. Bulgaria and Romania joined in 2007 and Croatia in 2013, but the UK withdrew in 2020. Current membership stands at 27. (Seven of the new countries - Cyprus, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Slovakia, and Slovenia - have now adopted the euro, bringing total euro-zone membership to 19.)</p> <p>In an effort to ensure that the EU could function efficiently with an expanded membership, the Treaty of Nice (concluded in 2000; entered into force in 2003) set forth rules to streamline the size and procedures of EU institutions. An effort to establish a \"Constitution for Europe,\" growing out of a Convention held in 2002-2003, foundered when it was rejected in referenda in France and the Netherlands in 2005. A subsequent effort in 2007 incorporated many of the features of the rejected draft Constitutional Treaty while also making a number of substantive and symbolic changes. The new treaty, referred to as the Treaty of Lisbon, sought to amend existing treaties rather than replace them. The treaty was approved at the EU intergovernmental conference of the then 27 member states held in Lisbon in December 2007, after which the process of national ratifications began. In October 2009, an Irish referendum approved the Lisbon Treaty (overturning a previous rejection) and cleared the way for an ultimate unanimous endorsement. Poland and the Czech Republic ratified soon after. The Lisbon Treaty came into force on 1 December 2009 and the EU officially replaced and succeeded the EC. The Treaty's provisions are part of the basic consolidated versions of the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) now governing what remains a very specific integration project.</p> <p>UK citizens on 23 June 2016 narrowly voted to leave the EU; the formal exit took place on 31 January 2020. The EU and UK have negotiated and ratified a Withdrawal Agreement that includes a status quo transition period through December 2020, which can be extended if both sides agree.</p>"

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europe/en.json
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@ -1160,11 +1160,11 @@
"Military deployments": {
"text": "approximately 100 Mali (Operation Barkhane/MINUSMA/EUTM) (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-27 for compulsory military or governmental service, conscript service requirement 8-11 months depending on education; NCOs, reserve officers, and specialists serve 11 months (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Estonia officially became a member of NATO in 2004"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-27 for compulsory military or governmental service, conscript service requirement 8-11 months depending on education; NCOs, reserve officers, and specialists serve 11 months (2019)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

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europe/ez.json
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@ -1130,11 +1130,11 @@
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Czech military has a mix of Soviet-era and more modern equipment, mostly of European origin; since 2010, the leading suppliers of military equipment to Czechia are Austria and Spain (2020)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-28 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; conscription abolished 2004 (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Czechia joined NATO in 1999; Czechia, Hungary, and Poland were invited to begin accession talks at NATO's Madrid Summit in 1997, and in March 1999 they became the first former members of the Warsaw Pact to join the Alliance"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-28 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; conscription abolished 2004 (2019)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

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europe/fr.json
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@ -544,19 +544,19 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Emmanuel MACRON (since 14 May 2017)&nbsp;"
"text": "President Emmanuel MACRON (since 14 May 2017)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Jean CASTEX (since 3 July 2020)&nbsp;"
"text": "Prime Minister Jean CASTEX (since 3 July 2020)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president at the suggestion of the prime minister&nbsp;"
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president at the suggestion of the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 23 April with a runoff on 7 May 2017 (next to be held in April 2022); prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Emmanuel MACRON elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Emmanuel MACRON (EM) 24.%, Marine LE PEN (FN) 21.3%, Francois FILLON (LR) 20.%, Jean-Luc MELENCHON (FI) 19.6%, Benoit HAMON (PS) 6.4%, other 8.7%; percent of vote in second round - MACRON 66.1%, LE PEN 33.9%"
"text": "<br><em>2017:</em> Emmanuel MACRON elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Emmanuel MACRON (EM) 24.%, Marine LE PEN (FN) 21.3%, Francois FILLON (LR) 20.%, Jean-Luc MELENCHON (FI) 19.6%, Benoit HAMON (PS) 6.4%, other 8.7%; percent of vote in second round - MACRON 66.1%, LE PEN 33.9%<br><br><em>2012:</em> Francois HOLLANDE elected president; percent of vote in first round - Francois HOLLANDE (PS) 28.6%, Nicolas SARKOZY (UMP) 27.2%, Marine LE PEN (FN) 17.9%, Jean-Luc MELENCHON (PG) 11.1%, Francois BAYROU (moDem) 9.1%, other 6.1%; percent of vote in second round - HOLLANDE 51.6%, SARKOZY 48.4%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -1143,7 +1143,7 @@
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Brest, Calais, Dunkerque, Le Havre, Marseille, Nantes,"
"text": "<br><em>Atlantic Ocean:</em> Brest, Calais, Dunkerque, Le Havre, Nantes<br><em>Mediterranean Sea:</em> Marseille"
},
"container port(s) (TEUs)": {
"text": "Le Havre (2,822,910) (2019)"
@ -1152,12 +1152,11 @@
"text": "Fos Cavaou, Fos Tonkin, Montoir de Bretagne"
},
"river port(s)": {
"text": "Paris, Rouen (Seine)"
"text": "Bordeaux (Garronne); Nantes - Saint Nazaire (Loire); Paris, Rouen (Seine); Strasbourg (Rhine)"
},
"cruise/ferry port(s)": {
"text": "Calais, Cherbourg, Le Havre"
},
"note": "Strasbourg (Rhine) Bordeaux (Garronne)"
}
},
"Transportation - note": {
"text": "begun in 1988 and completed in 1994, the Channel Tunnel (nicknamed the Chunnel) is a 50.5-km (31.4-mi) rail tunnel&nbsp;beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover that runs from Folkestone, Kent, England to Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais in northern France; it is the only fixed link between the island of Great Britain and mainland Europe"
@ -1194,11 +1193,11 @@
"text": "5,100 Burkina Faso/Chad/Mali/Niger (Operation Barkhane, Task Force Takuba; note - in July 2021, France announced that it would withdraw about 2,000 personnel from this force by the beginning of 2022); approximately 300 Central African Republic; 900 Cote D'Ivoire; 1,400 Djibouti; 300 Baltics (NATO); 2,000 French Guyana; 900 French Polynesia; 1,000 French West Indies; 350 Gabon; est. 500 Middle East (Iraq/Jordan/Syria); 950 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 1,400-1,500 New Caledonia; 1,700 Reunion Island; 350 Senegal; 650 United Arab Emirates (2020-2021)",
"note": "note - France has been a contributing member of the EuroCorps since 1992"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-25 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; no conscription (abolished 2001); 1-year service obligation; women serve in noncombat posts (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "France was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty), which created NATO in 1949; in 1966, President Charles DE GAULLE decided to withdraw France from NATO&rsquo;s integrated military structure, reflecting his desire for greater military independence, particularly vis-&agrave;-vis the US, and the refusal to integrate France&rsquo;s nuclear deterrent or accept any form of control over its armed forces; it did, however, sign agreements with NATO setting out procedures in the event of Soviet aggression; beginning with the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, France distanced itself from the 1966 decision and has regularly contributed troops to NATO&rsquo;s military operations, being one of the largest troop-contributing states; in 2009 it officially announced its decision to fully participate in NATO structures"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-25 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; no conscription (abolished 2001); 1-year service obligation; women serve in noncombat posts (2019)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

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europe/gm.json
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@ -1119,7 +1119,7 @@
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Baltic Sea - Kiel, Rostock<br>North Sea - Bremerhaven, Brunsbuttel, Emden, Hamburg, Wilhelmshaven"
"text": "<br><em>Baltic Sea:</em> Kiel, Rostock<br><em>North Sea:</em> Bremerhaven, Brunsbuttel, Emden, Hamburg, Wilhelmshaven"
},
"oil terminal(s)": {
"text": "Brunsbuttel Canal terminals"
@ -1166,11 +1166,11 @@
"Military deployments": {
"text": "approximately 500 Middle East (NATO/Counter-ISIS campaign); 130 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 500 Lithuania (NATO); 800 Mali (MINUSMA/EUTM); note - Germany is a contributing member of the EuroCorps (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "17-23 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; conscription ended July 2011; service obligation 8-23 months or 12 years; women have been eligible for voluntary service in all military branches and positions since 2001 (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Federal Republic of Germany joined NATO in May 1955; with the reunification of Germany in October 1990, the states of the former German Democratic Republic joined the Federal Republic of Germany in its membership of NATO"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "17-23 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; conscription ended July 2011; service obligation 8-23 months or 12 years; women have been eligible for voluntary service in all military branches and positions since 2001 (2019)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

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europe/gr.json
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@ -1162,11 +1162,11 @@
"Military deployments": {
"text": "approximately 1,000 Cyprus; 110 Kosovo (NATO); 150 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (Jan 2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "19-45 years of age for compulsory military service; during wartime the law allows for recruitment beginning January of the year of inductee's 18th birthday, thus including 17 year olds; 18 years of age for volunteers; conscript service obligation is 1 year for the Army and 9 months for the Air Force and Navy; women are eligible for voluntary military service (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Greece joined NATO in 1952"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "19-45 years of age for compulsory military service; during wartime the law allows for recruitment beginning January of the year of inductee's 18th birthday, thus including 17 year olds; 18 years of age for volunteers; conscript service obligation is 1 year for the Army and 9 months for the Air Force and Navy; women are eligible for voluntary military service (2019)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {
@ -1186,7 +1186,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "5,557 (2020)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 1,209,645 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2021); as of the end of December 2020, an estimated 119,700 migrants and refugees were stranded in Greece since 2015-16"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 1,210,208 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-September 2021); as of the end of December 2020, an estimated 119,700 migrants and refugees were stranded in Greece since 2015-16"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "a gateway to Europe for traffickers smuggling cannabis and heroin from the Middle East and Southwest Asia to the West and precursor chemicals to the East; some South American cocaine transits or is consumed in Greece; money laundering related to drug trafficking and organized crime"

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europe/hr.json
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@ -1144,7 +1144,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia (Oruzane Snage Republike Hrvatske, OSRH) consists of five major commands directly subordinate to a General Staff: Ground Forces (Hrvatska Kopnena Vojska, HKoV), Naval Forces (Hrvatska Ratna Mornarica, HRM, includes Coast Guard), Air Force and Air Defense Command (Hrvatsko Ratno Zrakoplovstvo I Protuzracna Obrana), Joint Education and Training Command, Logistics Command; Military Police Force supports each of the three Croatian military forces (2021)"
"text": "Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia (Oruzane Snage Republike Hrvatske, OSRH): Ground Forces (Hrvatska Kopnena Vojska, HKoV), Naval Forces (Hrvatska Ratna Mornarica, HRM, includes Coast Guard), Air Force and Air Defense Forces; Military Police Force supports each of the three Croatian military forces (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
@ -1169,11 +1169,11 @@
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the inventory of the Croatian Armed Forces consists mostly of Soviet-era equipment, although in recent years, it has acquired a limited number of more modern weapon systems from some Western suppliers, including Finland, Germany, and the US (2020)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-27 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2008 (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Croatia officially became a member of NATO in 2009"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-27 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2008 (2019)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {
@ -1184,7 +1184,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "2,900 (2020)"
},
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>727,610 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2021); flows slowed considerably in 2017; Croatia is predominantly a transit country and hosts about 340 asylum seekers as of the end of June 2018"
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>729,392 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2021); flows slowed considerably in 2017; Croatia is predominantly a transit country and hosts about 340 asylum seekers as of the end of June 2018"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "primarily a transit country along the Balkan route for maritime shipments of South American cocaine bound for Western Europe and other illicit drugs and chemical precursors to and from Western Europe; no significant domestic production of illicit drugs"

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europe/hu.json
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@ -1162,11 +1162,11 @@
"Military deployments": {
"text": "160 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR stabilization force); 150 Iraq (counter-ISIS coalition); 430 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR) (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (abolished 2005); 6-month service obligation (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Hungary joined NATO in 1999; Czechia, Hungary, and Poland were invited to begin accession talks at NATO's Madrid Summit in 1997 and in March 1999 they became the first former members of the Warsaw Pact to join the Alliance"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (abolished 2005); 6-month service obligation (2019)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

8
europe/it.json
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@ -1182,11 +1182,11 @@
"Military deployments": {
"text": "120 Djibouti; 1,100 Middle East/Iraq/Kuwait (NATO, counter-ISIS campaign, European Assistance Mission Iraq); 630 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 200 Latvia (NATO); 1,200 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 400 Libya; 290 Niger; 150 Somalia (EUTM) (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service; women may serve in any military branch; Italian citizenship required; 1-year service obligation; conscription abolished 2004 (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Italy is a member of NATO and was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) in 1949"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service; women may serve in any military branch; Italian citizenship required; 1-year service obligation; conscription abolished 2004 (2019)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {
@ -1205,7 +1205,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "3,000 (2020)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 560,848 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2021)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 564,472 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-September 2021)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "important gateway for and consumer of Latin American cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin entering the European market; money laundering by organized crime and from smuggling"

2
europe/kv.json
View file

@ -940,7 +940,7 @@
"IDPs": {
"text": "16,000 (primarily ethnic Serbs displaced during the 1998-1999 war fearing reprisals from the majority ethnic-Albanian population; a smaller number of ethnic Serbs, Roma, Ashkali, and Egyptians fled their homes in 2,004 as a result of violence) (2020)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 6,761 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2021)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 6,940 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2021)"
}
}
}

6
europe/lg.json
View file

@ -1159,11 +1159,11 @@
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Latvian military's inventory is limited and consists of a mixture of Soviet-era and more modern--mostly second-hand--European and US equipment; since 2010, it has received&nbsp; limited amounts of equipment from several European countries, as well as the US (2020)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary male and female military service; no conscription (abolished 2007); under current law, every citizen is entitled to serve in the armed forces for life (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Latvia officially became a member of NATO in 2004"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary male and female military service; no conscription (abolished 2007); under current law, every citizen is entitled to serve in the armed forces for life (2019)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

8
europe/lh.json
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@ -492,7 +492,7 @@
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> named after the Vilnia River, which flows into the Neris River at Vilnius; the river name derives from the Lithuanian word \"vilnis\" meaning \"a surge\""
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "60 municipalities (savivaldybe, singular - savivaldybe); Akmene, Alytaus Miestas, Alytus, Anksciai, Birstono, Birzai, Druskininkai, Elektrenai, Ignalina, Jonava, Joniskis, Jurbarkas, Kaisiadorys, Kalvarijos, Kauno Miestas, Kaunas, Kazlu Rudos, Kedainiai, Kelme, Klaipedos Miestas, Klaipeda, Kretinga, Kupiskis, Lazdijai, Marijampole, Mazeikiai, Moletai, Neringa, Pagegiai, Pakruojis, Palangos Miestas, Panevezio Miestas, Panevezys, Pasvalys, Plunge, Prienai, Radviliskis, Raseiniai, Rietavo, Rokiskis, Sakiai, Salcininkai, Siauliu Miestas, Siauliai, Silale, Silute, Sirvintos, Skuodas, Svencionys, Taurage, Telsiai, Trakai, Ukmerge, Utena, Varena, Vilkaviskis, Vilniaus Miestas, Vilnius, Visaginas, Zarasai"
"text": "60 municipalities (savivaldybe, singular - savivaldybe); Akmene, Alytaus Miestas, Alytus, Anksciai, Birstonas, Birzai, Druskininkai, Elektrenai, Ignalina, Jonava, Joniskis, Jurbarkas, Kaisiadorys, Kalvarija, Kauno Miestas, Kaunas, Kazlu Rudos, Kedainiai, Kelme, Klaipedos Miestas, Klaipeda, Kretinga, Kupiskis, Lazdijai, Marijampole, Mazeikiai, Moletai, Neringa, Pagegiai, Pakruojis, Palangos Miestas, Panevezio Miestas, Panevezys, Pasvalys, Plunge, Prienai, Radviliskis, Raseiniai, Rietavas, Rokiskis, Sakiai, Salcininkai, Siauliu Miestas, Siauliai, Silale, Silute, Sirvintos, Skuodas, Svencionys, Taurage, Telsiai, Trakai, Ukmerge, Utena, Varena, Vilkaviskis, Vilniaus Miestas, Vilnius, Visaginas, Zarasai"
},
"Independence": {
"text": "16 February 1918 (from Soviet Russia and Germany); 11 March 1990 (declared from the Soviet Union); 6 September 1991 (recognized by the Soviet Union); notable earlier dates: 6 July 1253 (coronation of MINDAUGAS, traditional founding date); 1 July 1569 (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth created)"
@ -1164,11 +1164,11 @@
"Military deployments": {
"text": "contributes about 350-550 troops to the Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine joint military brigade (LITPOLUKRBRIG), which was established in 2014; the brigade is headquartered in Warsaw and is comprised of an international staff, three battalions, and specialized units"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "19-26 years of age for conscripted military service (males); 9-month service obligation; in 2015, Lithuania reinstated conscription after having converted to a professional military in 2008; 18-38 for voluntary service (male and female) (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Lithuania officially became a member of NATO in 2004"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "19-26 years of age for conscripted military service (males); 9-month service obligation; in 2015, Lithuania reinstated conscription after having converted to a professional military in 2008; 18-38 for voluntary service (male and female) (2019)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

8
europe/lo.json
View file

@ -522,7 +522,7 @@
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 16 March and 30 March 2019 (next to be held March 2024); following National Council elections (every 4 years), the president designates a prime minister candidate, usually the leader of the party or coalition that wins the most votes, who must win a vote of confidence in the National Council"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Zuzana CAPUTOVA reelected president in second round; percent of vote - Zuzana CAPUTOVA (PS) 58.4%, Maros SEFCOVIC (independent) 41.6%"
"text": "<em><br>2019:</em> Zuzana CAPUTOVA reelected president in second round; percent of vote - Zuzana CAPUTOVA (PS) 58.4%, Maros SEFCOVIC (independent) 41.6%<br><br><em>2014:</em> Andrej KISKA elected president in second round; percent of vote - Andrej KISKA (independent) 59.4%, Robert FICO (Smer-SD) 40.6%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -1111,11 +1111,11 @@
"Military deployments": {
"text": "240 Cyprus (UNFICYP); up to 150 Latvia (NATO) (Jan 2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-30 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription in peacetime suspended in 2004; women are eligible to serve (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Slovakia officially became a member of NATO in 2004"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-30 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription in peacetime suspended in 2004; women are eligible to serve (2019)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

6
europe/lu.json
View file

@ -1093,11 +1093,11 @@
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the inventory of Luxembourg's Army is a small mix of European and US equipment; since 2010, it has received small quantities of equipment from Germany, Norway, and Sweden (2020)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-26 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; no conscription (abolished 1969); Luxembourg citizen or EU citizen with 3-year residence in Luxembourg (2021)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Luxembourg is a member of NATO and was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) in 1949"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-26 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; no conscription (abolished 1969); Luxembourg citizen or EU citizen with 3-year residence in Luxembourg (2021)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

3
europe/md.json
View file

@ -1128,8 +1128,7 @@
"text": "the Moldovan military's inventory is limited and almost entirely comprised of older Russian and Soviet-era equipment; since 2000, it has received small amounts of donated material from other nations, including the US (2020)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory or voluntary military service; male registration required at age 16; 1-year service obligation (2019)",
"note": "note: Moldova intends to abolish military conscription by 2021"
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory or voluntary military service; male registration required at age 16; 1-year service obligation (2020)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

8
europe/mj.json
View file

@ -1140,11 +1140,11 @@
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the inventory of the Armed Forces of Montenegro is small and consists mostly of equipment inherited from the former Yugoslavia military, with a limited mix of other imported systems; since 2010, it has received small quantities of equipment from Austria, Turkey, and the US (2020)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2006 (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Montenegro officially became a member of NATO in 2017"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2006 (2019)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {
@ -1157,7 +1157,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "472 (2020)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 19,643 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2021)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 19,759 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-September 2021)"
}
}
}

8
europe/mk.json
View file

@ -1094,11 +1094,11 @@
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the inventory of North Macedonia's Army consists mostly of Soviet-era equipment; since 2010, it has received small amounts of equipment from Ireland and Turkey (2020)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2007 (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "North Macedonia officially became the 30th member of NATO in 2020"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2007 (2019)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {
@ -1115,7 +1115,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "558 (2020)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 518,354 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2021)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 519,001 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2021)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "major transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and hashish; minor transit point for South American cocaine destined for Europe; although not a financial center and most criminal activity is thought to be domestic, money laundering is a problem due to a mostly cash-based economy and weak enforcement"

8
europe/nl.json
View file

@ -534,7 +534,7 @@
"text": "King WILLEM-ALEXANDER (since 30 April 2013); Heir Apparent Princess Catharina-Amalia (daughter of King WILLEM-ALEXANDER, born 7 December 2003)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister (vacant); note - Prime Minister Mark RUTTE resigned on 15 January 2021; Deputy Prime Ministers (since 26 October 2017) Hugo DE JONGE, Karin Kajsa OLLONGREN, and Carola SCHOUTEN (since 26 October 2017); note - Mark RUTTE heads his third cabinet put in place since 26 October 2017"
"text": "Prime Minister (vacant); note - Prime Minister Mark RUTTE resigned on 15 January 2021 and is acting Prime Minister; Deputy Prime Ministers (since 26 October 2017) Hugo DE JONGE, Karin Kajsa OLLONGREN, and Carola SCHOUTEN (since 26 October 2017); note - Mark RUTTE heads his third cabinet put in place since 26 October 2017"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch"
@ -1150,11 +1150,11 @@
"Military deployments": {
"text": "270 Lithuania (NATO) (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "17 years of age for an all-volunteer force; conscription abolished in 1996 (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Netherlands is a member of NATO and was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) in 1949<br><br>in 2018, the Defense Ministers of Belgium, Denmark and the Netherlands signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) for the creation of a Composite Special Operations Component Command (C-SOCC); the C-SOCC was declared operational in December 2020"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "17 years of age for an all-volunteer force; conscription abolished in 1996 (2019)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

8
europe/no.json
View file

@ -520,7 +520,7 @@
"text": "unicameral Parliament or Storting (169 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 11 September 2017 (next to be held on 13 September 2021)"
"text": "last held on 13 September 2021 (next to be held in September 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - Ap 27.4%, H 25%, FrP 15.2%, SP 10.3%, SV 6%, V 4.4%, KrF 4.2%, MDG 3.2%, R 2.4%, other/invalid 1.9%; seats by party - Ap 49, H 45, FrP 27, SP 19, SV 11, V 8, KrF 8, MDG 1, R 1; composition - men 99, women 70, percent of women 41.4%"
@ -1131,12 +1131,12 @@
"Military deployments": {
"text": "120 Lithuania (NATO) (2021)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Norway is a member of NATO and was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) in 1949"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "19-35 years of age for male and female selective compulsory military service; 17 years of age for male volunteers (16 in wartime); 18 years of age for women; 19-month service obligation; conscripts first serve 12 months from 19-28, and then up to 4-5 refresher training periods until age 35, 44, 55, or 60 depending on rank and function (2019)",
"note": "note - Norway was the first NATO country to allow females to serve in all combat arms branches of the military (1988); it also has an all-female commando unit known as <em>Jegertroppen </em>(The Hunter Troop), which was established in 2014"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Norway is a member of NATO and was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) in 1949"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

10
europe/pl.json
View file

@ -555,7 +555,7 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "&nbsp;President Andrzej DUDA (since 6 August 2015)"
"text": "President Andrzej DUDA (since 6 August 2015)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Mateusz MORAWIECKI (since 11 December 2017); Deputy Prime Ministers Piotr GLINSKI and Jaroslaw GOWIN (since 16 November 2015), Jacek SASIN (since 4 June 2019)"
@ -567,7 +567,7 @@
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 28 June 2020 with a second round on 12 July 2020 (next to be held in 2025); prime minister, deputy prime ministers, and Council of Ministers appointed by the president and confirmed by the Sejm"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Andrzej DUDA reelected president in runoff; percent of vote - Andrzej DUDA (independent) 51%, Rafal TRZASKOWSKI (KO) 49%"
"text": "<em><br>2020:</em> Andrzej DUDA reelected president in runoff; percent of vote - Andrzej DUDA (independent) 51%, Rafal TRZASKOWSKI (KO) 49%<br><br><em>2015:</em> Andrzej DUDA elected president in runoff; percent of vote - Andrzej DUDA (independent) 51.5%, Bronislaw KOMOROWSKI (independent) 48.5%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -1191,11 +1191,11 @@
"text": "240 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); up to 175 Latvia (NATO); 250 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (June 2021)",
"note": "note: Poland contributes about 2,500 troops to the Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine joint military brigade (LITPOLUKRBRIG), which was established in 2014; the brigade is headquartered in Warsaw and is comprised of an international staff, three battalions, and specialized units"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-28 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; conscription phased out in 2009-12; professional soldiers serve on a permanent basis (for an unspecified period of time) or on a contract basis (for a specified period of time); initial contract period is 24 months; women serve in the military on the same terms as men (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Poland joined NATO in 1999; Czechia, Hungary, and Poland were invited to begin accession talks at NATO's Madrid Summit in 1997, and in March 1999 they became the first former members of the Warsaw Pact to join the Alliance"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-28 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; conscription phased out in 2009-12; professional soldiers serve on a permanent basis (for an unspecified period of time) or on a contract basis (for a specified period of time); initial contract period is 24 months; women serve in the military on the same terms as men (2019)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

2
europe/ri.json
View file

@ -1174,7 +1174,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "2,144 (includes stateless persons in Kosovo) (2020)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 779,905 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2021); Serbia is predominantly a transit country and hosts an estimated 6,165 migrants and refugees as of April 2021"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 787,266 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-September 2021); Serbia is predominantly a transit country and hosts an estimated 6,165 migrants and refugees as of April 2021"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin moving to Western Europe on the Balkan route; economy vulnerable to money laundering"

8
europe/ro.json
View file

@ -1161,11 +1161,11 @@
"Military deployments": {
"text": "up to 120 Poland (NATO) (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "conscription ended 2006; 18 years of age for male and female voluntary service; all military inductees (including women) contract for an initial 5-year term of service, with subsequent successive 3-year terms until age 36 (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Romania officially became a member of NATO in 2004"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "conscription ended 2006; 18 years of age for male and female voluntary service; all military inductees (including women) contract for an initial 5-year term of service, with subsequent successive 3-year terms until age 36 (2019)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {
@ -1182,7 +1182,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "275 (2020)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 7,988 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2021)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 8,046 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2021)"
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {

14
europe/si.json
View file

@ -477,7 +477,7 @@
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> likely related to the Slavic root \"ljub\", meaning \"to like\" or \"to love\"; by tradition, the name is related to the Slovene word \"ljubljena\" meaning \"beloved\""
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "<p>201 municipalities (obcine, singular - obcina) and 11 urban municipalities (mestne obcine, singular - mestna obcina)</p> <p><strong>municipalities:</strong> Ajdovscina, Ankaran, Apace, Beltinci, Benedikt, Bistrica ob Sotli, Bled, Bloke, Bohinj, Borovnica, Bovec, Braslovce, Brda, Brezice, Brezovica, Cankova, Cerklje na Gorenjskem, Cerknica, Cerkno, Cerkvenjak, Cirkulane, Crensovci, Crna na Koroskem, Crnomelj, Destrnik, Divaca, Dobje, Dobrepolje, Dobrna, Dobrova-Polhov Gradec, Dobrovnik/Dobronak, Dolenjske Toplice, Dol pri Ljubljani, Domzale, Dornava, Dravograd, Duplek, Gorenja Vas-Poljane, Gorisnica, Gorje, Gornja Radgona, Gornji Grad, Gornji Petrovci, Grad, Grosuplje, Hajdina, Hoce-Slivnica, Hodos, Horjul, Hrastnik, Hrpelje-Kozina, Idrija, Ig, Ilirska Bistrica, Ivancna Gorica, Izola/Isola, Jesenice, Jezersko, Jursinci, Kamnik, Kanal, Kidricevo, Kobarid, Kobilje, Kocevje, Komen, Komenda, Kosanjevica na Krki, Kostel, Kozje, Kranjska Gora, Krizevci, Krsko, Kungota, Kuzma, Lasko, Lenart, Lendava/Lendva, Litija, Ljubno, Ljutomer, Log-Dragomer, Logatec, Loska Dolina, Loski Potok, Lovrenc na Pohorju, Luce, Lukovica,</p> <p>Majsperk, Makole, Markovci, Medvode, Menges, Metlika, Mezica, Miklavz na Dravskem Polju, Miren-Kostanjevica, Mirna, Mirna Pec, Mislinja, Mokronog-Trebelno, Moravce, Moravske Toplice, Mozirje, Muta, Naklo, Nazarje, Odranci, Oplotnica, Ormoz, Osilnica, Pesnica, Piran/Pirano, Pivka, Podcetrtek, Podlehnik, Podvelka, Poljcane, Polzela, Postojna, Prebold, Preddvor, Prevalje, Puconci, Race-Fram, Radece, Radenci, Radlje ob Dravi, Radovljica, Ravne na Koroskem, Razkrizje, Recica ob Savinji, Rence-Vogrsko, Ribnica, Ribnica na Pohorju, Rogaska Slatina, Rogasovci, Rogatec, Ruse, Selnica ob Dravi, Semic, Sevnica, Sezana, Slovenska Bistrica, Slovenske Konjice, Sodrazica, Solcava, Sredisce ob Dravi, Starse, Straza, Sveta Ana, Sveta Trojica v Slovenskih Goricah, Sveti Andraz v Slovenskih Goricah, Sveti Jurij ob Scavnici, Sveti Jurij v Slovenskih Goricah, Sveti Tomaz, Salovci, Sempeter-Vrtojba, Sencur, Sentilj, Sentjernej, Sentjur, Sentrupert, Skocjan, Skofja Loka, Skofljica, Smarje pri Jelsah, Smarjeske Toplice, Smartno ob Paki, Smartno pri Litiji, Sostanj, Store, Tabor, Tisina, Tolmin, Trbovlje, Trebnje, Trnovska Vas, Trzic, Trzin, Turnisce, Velika Polana, Velike Lasce, Verzej, Videm, Vipava, Vitanje, Vodice, Vojnik, Vransko, Vrhnika, Vuzenica, Zagorje ob Savi, Zalec, Zavrc, Zelezniki, Zetale, Ziri, Zirovnica, Zrece, Zuzemberk</p> <p><strong>urban municipalities:</strong> Celje, Koper-Capodistria, Kranj, Ljubljana, Maribor, Murska Sobota, Nova Gorica, Novo Mesto, Ptuj, Slovenj Gradec, Velenje</p>"
"text": "<p>201 municipalities (obcine, singular - obcina) and 11 urban municipalities (mestne obcine, singular - mestna obcina)</p> <p><strong>municipalities:</strong> Ajdovscina, Ankaran, Apace, Beltinci, Benedikt, Bistrica ob Sotli, Bled, Bloke, Bohinj, Borovnica, Bovec, Braslovce, Brda, Brezice, Brezovica, Cankova, Cerklje na Gorenjskem, Cerknica, Cerkno, Cerkvenjak, Cirkulane, Crensovci, Crna na Koroskem, Crnomelj, Destrnik, Divaca, Dobje, Dobrepolje, Dobrna, Dobrova-Polhov Gradec, Dobrovnik/Dobronak, Dolenjske Toplice, Dol pri Ljubljani, Domzale, Dornava, Dravograd, Duplek, Gorenja Vas-Poljane, Gorisnica, Gorje, Gornja Radgona, Gornji Grad, Gornji Petrovci, Grad, Grosuplje, Hajdina, Hoce-Slivnica, Hodos, Horjul, Hrastnik, Hrpelje-Kozina, Idrija, Ig, Ilirska Bistrica, Ivancna Gorica, Izola/Isola, Jesenice, Jezersko, Jursinci, Kamnik, Kanal ob Soci, Kidricevo, Kobarid, Kobilje, Kocevje, Komen, Komenda, Kosanjevica na Krki, Kostel, Kozje, Kranjska Gora, Krizevci, Krsko, Kungota, Kuzma, Lasko, Lenart, Lendava/Lendva, Litija, Ljubno, Ljutomer, Log-Dragomer, Logatec, Loska Dolina, Loski Potok, Lovrenc na Pohorju, Luce, Lukovica,</p> <p>Majsperk, Makole, Markovci, Medvode, Menges, Metlika, Mezica, Miklavz na Dravskem Polju, Miren-Kostanjevica, Mirna, Mirna Pec, Mislinja, Mokronog-Trebelno, Moravce, Moravske Toplice, Mozirje, Muta, Naklo, Nazarje, Odranci, Oplotnica, Ormoz, Osilnica, Pesnica, Piran/Pirano, Pivka, Podcetrtek, Podlehnik, Podvelka, Poljcane, Polzela, Postojna, Prebold, Preddvor, Prevalje, Puconci, Race-Fram, Radece, Radenci, Radlje ob Dravi, Radovljica, Ravne na Koroskem, Razkrizje, Recica ob Savinji, Rence-Vogrsko, Ribnica, Ribnica na Pohorju, Rogaska Slatina, Rogasovci, Rogatec, Ruse, Salovci, Selnica ob Dravi, Semic, Sempeter-Vrtojba, Sencur, Sentilj, Sentjernej, Sentjur, Sentrupert, Sevnica, Sezana, Skocjan, Skofja Loka, Skofljica, Slovenska Bistrica, Slovenske Konjice, Smarje pri Jelsah, Smarjeske Toplice, Smartno ob Paki, Smartno pri Litiji, Sodrazica, Solcava, Sostanj, Sredisce ob Dravi, Starse, Store, Straza, Sveta Ana, Sveta Trojica v Slovenskih Goricah, Sveti Andraz v Slovenskih Goricah, Sveti Jurij ob Scavnici, Sveti Jurij v Slovenskih Goricah, Sveti Tomaz, Tabor, Tisina, Tolmin, Trbovlje, Trebnje, Trnovska Vas, Trzic, Trzin, Turnisce, Velika Polana, Velike Lasce, Verzej, Videm, Vipava, Vitanje, Vodice, Vojnik, Vransko, Vrhnika, Vuzenica, Zagorje ob Savi, Zalec, Zavrc, Zelezniki, Zetale, Ziri, Zirovnica, Zrece, Zuzemberk</p> <p><strong>urban municipalities:</strong> Celje, Koper, Kranj, Ljubljana, Maribor, Murska Sobota, Nova Gorica, Novo Mesto, Ptuj, Slovenj Gradec, Velenje</p>"
},
"Independence": {
"text": "25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)"
@ -529,7 +529,7 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "&nbsp;President Borut PAHOR (since 22 December 2012)"
"text": "President Borut PAHOR (since 22 December 2012)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Janez JANSA (since 13 March 2020)"
@ -541,7 +541,7 @@
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second consecutive term); election last held on 22 October with a runoff on 12 November 2017 (next election to be held by November 2022); following National Assembly elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually nominated prime minister by the president and elected by the National Assembly"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Borut PAHOR is reelected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Borut PAHOR (independent) 47.1%, Marjan SAREC (Marjan Sarec List) 25%, Romana TOMC (SDS) 13.7%, Ljudmila NOVAK (NSi) 7.2%, other 7%; percent of vote in second round - Borut PAHOR 52.9%, Marjan SAREC 47.1%; Janez JANSA (SDS) elected prime minister on 3 March 2020, National Assembly vote - 52-31"
"text": "<em><br>2017:</em> Borut PAHOR is reelected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Borut PAHOR (independent) 47.1%, Marjan SAREC (Marjan Sarec List) 25%, Romana TOMC (SDS) 13.7%, Ljudmila NOVAK (NSi) 7.2%, other 7%; percent of vote in second round - Borut PAHOR 52.9%, Marjan SAREC 47.1%; Janez JANSA (SDS) elected prime minister on 3 March 2020, National Assembly vote - 52-31<br><br><em>2012:</em> Borut PAHOR elected president; percent of vote in second round - Borut PAHOR (SD) 67.4%, Danilo TURK (independent) 32.6%; note - a snap election was held on 13 July 2014 following the resignation of Prime Minister Alenka BRATUSEK on 5 May 2014; Miro CERAR (SMC) elected prime minister; National Assembly vote - 57 to 11"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -1134,11 +1134,11 @@
"Military deployments": {
"text": "230 Kosovo (NATO) (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2003 (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Slovenia officially became a member of NATO in 2004"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2003 (2019)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {
@ -1149,7 +1149,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "10 (2020)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:  </strong>522,757 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2021)"
"note": "<strong>note:  </strong>523,999 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2021)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "minor transit point for cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin bound for Western Europe, and for precursor chemicals"

13
europe/sp.json
View file

@ -1143,13 +1143,16 @@
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Algeciras, Barcelona, Bilbao, Cartagena, Huelva, Tarragona, Valencia (all in Spain); Las Palmas, Santa Cruz de Tenerife (in the Canary Islands)"
"text": "<br><em>Atlantic Ocean:</em> Bilbao, Huelva; Las Palmas, Santa Cruz de Tenerife (in the Canary Islands)<br><em>Mediterranean Sea:</em> Algeciras, Barcelona, Cartagena, Tarragona, Valencia "
},
"container port(s) (TEUs)": {
"text": "Algeciras (5,125,385), Barcelona (3,324,650), Valencia (5,439,827) (2019)"
},
"LNG terminal(s) (import)": {
"text": "Barcelona, Bilbao, Cartagena, Huelva, Mugardos, Sagunto"
},
"river port(s)": {
"text": "Seville (Guadalquivir River)"
}
}
},
@ -1184,11 +1187,11 @@
"Military deployments": {
"text": "approximately 200 Iraq (training mission, counter-ISIS coalition); 350 Latvia (NATO); 625 Lebanon (UNIFIL); approximately 400 Mali (EUTM); 150 Turkey (NATO) (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-26 years of age for voluntary military service by a Spanish citizen or legal immigrant, 2-3 year obligation; women allowed to serve in all SAF branches, including combat units; no conscription (abolished 2001), but Spanish Government retains right to mobilize citizens 19-25 years of age in a national emergency (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Spain joined NATO in 1982, but refrained from participating in the integrated military structure until 1996"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-26 years of age for voluntary military service by a Spanish citizen or legal immigrant, 2-3 year obligation; women allowed to serve in all SAF branches, including combat units; no conscription (abolished 2001), but Spanish Government retains right to mobilize citizens 19-25 years of age in a national emergency (2019)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {
@ -1208,7 +1211,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "5,914 (2020)"
},
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>227,332 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2021)"
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>229,740 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-September 2021)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "despite rigorous law enforcement efforts, North African, Latin American, Galician, and other European traffickers take advantage of Spain's long coastline to land large shipments of cocaine and hashish for distribution to the European market; consumer for Latin American cocaine and North African hashish; destination and minor transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin; money-laundering site for Colombian narcotics trafficking organizations and organized crime"

9
europe/up.json
View file

@ -1136,6 +1136,9 @@
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Feodosiya (Theodosia), Chornomosk (Illichivsk), Mariupol, Mykolayiv, Odesa, Yuzhnyy"
},
"river port(s)": {
"text": "Kherson, Kyiv (Dnieper River), Mykolayiv (Buh River)"
}
}
},
@ -1170,11 +1173,11 @@
"text": "250 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (2021)",
"note": "note - Ukraine contributes about 500 troops to the Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine joint military brigade (LITPOLUKRBRIG), which was established in 2014; the brigade is headquartered in Warsaw and is comprised of an international staff, three battalions, and specialized units"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "conscription abolished in 2012, but reintroduced in 2014; 20-27 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation is 12 months (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Ukrainian military&rsquo;s primary concern is Russia&rsquo;s material support for armed separatist forces in the eastern provinces of Donetsk and Luhansk where the conflict has become stalemated along a 250-mile front known as the line of contact; since the cease-fire of October 2019, Ukrainian military casualties along the front line have fallen significantly despite continued sporadic exchanges of fire through 2020 and into 2021"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "conscription abolished in 2012, but reintroduced in 2014; 20-27 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation is 12 months; note - the Ukrainian military has a mix of conscript and professional soldiers on contracts; by law, conscripts cannot serve on the frontlines but have the opportunity to sign short or long-term contracts upon the expiration of their terms of service<br> (2020)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

6
europe/vt.json
View file

@ -442,11 +442,11 @@
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Pontifical Swiss Guard Corps (Corpo della Guardia Svizzera Pontificia); the Gendarmerie Corps of Vatican City (Corpo della Gendarmeriais) is a police force that helps augment the Pontifical Swiss Guard Corps during the Pope&rsquo;s appearances, as well as providing general security, traffic direction, and investigative duties for the Vatican City State (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "Pontifical Swiss Guard Corps: 19-30 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription; must be Roman Catholic, a single male, and a Swiss citizen, with a secondary education; service is for 26 months (2021)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "defense is the responsibility of Italy"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "Pontifical Swiss Guard Corps: 19-30 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription; must be Roman Catholic, a single male, and a Swiss citizen, with a secondary education; service is for 26 months (2021)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {