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auto-update week 47
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Yo Robot
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@ -1150,7 +1150,7 @@
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"text": "approximately 65,000 active personnel (45,000 Land Forces; 3,000 Navy; 5,000 Air Force; 12,000 Presidential Guard) (2024)"
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},
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"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
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"text": "the military's inventory is comprised of a wide variety of mostly modern imported equipment; over the past decade, the UAE has acquired military equipment from more than 20 countries with the US as the leading supplier; in recent years, the UAE has tried to boost its domestic defense industry (2023)"
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"text": "the military's inventory is comprised of a wide variety of mostly modern imported weapons and equipment, and a small, but expanding amount of domestically-produced items; major foreign suppliers have included China, France, Italy, Russia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, and the US; the UAE has a growing domestic defense industry which produces or co-produces such items as armored vehicles, naval vessels, precision munitions, and unmanned aerial vehicles/drones (2024)"
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},
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"Military service age and obligation": {
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"text": "18-30 years of age for compulsory military service for men (compulsory service initiated in 2014); 18-40 for voluntary service; 36-month service obligation for men without a secondary education and 11 months for secondary school graduates; women may volunteer (11-month service obligation regardless of education) (2023)",
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@ -562,7 +562,7 @@
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "unicameral National Assembly (Parliament) or Azgayin Zhoghov (minimum 101 seats, with additional seats allocated as necessary and generally changing with each parliamentary convocation; current - 107 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms; four mandates are reserved for national minorities; no more than 70% of the top membership of a party list can belong to the same sex; political parties must meet a 5% threshold and alliances a 7% threshold to win seats; at least three parties must be seated in the Parliament)"
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"text": "unicameral National Assembly (Parliament) or Azgayin Zhoghov (minimum 101 seats; current - 107 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms; four mandates are reserved for national minorities)"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "last held early on 20 June 2021 (next to be held in June 2026)"
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@ -570,7 +570,7 @@
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"election results": {
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"text": "percent of vote by party/coalition - Civil Contract 53.9%, Armenia Alliance 21%, I Have Honour Alliance 5.2%, other 19.9%; seats by party/coalition - Civil Contract 71, Armenia Alliance 29, I Have Honour Alliance 7; composition - men 68, women 39, percentage women 36.5%"
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},
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"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> additional seats allocated as necessary; the numbers usually change with each parliamentary convocation<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong> four mandates are reserved for national minorities; no more than 70% of the top membership of a party list can belong to the same sex; political parties must meet a 5% threshold and alliances a 7% threshold to win seats; at least three parties must be seated in the Parliament"
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"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> additional seats allocated as necessary; the numbers usually change with each parliamentary convocation<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> four mandates are reserved for national minorities; no more than 70% of the top membership of a party list can belong to the same sex; political parties must meet a 5% threshold and alliances a 7% threshold to win seats; at least three parties must be seated in the Parliament"
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"highest court(s)": {
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@ -275,9 +275,6 @@
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> note includes Gaza Strip and the West Bank"
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},
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"Major infectious diseases": {
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"text": "<p><strong>note: </strong>on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Asia; the Gaza Strip is currently considered a high risk to travelers for polio; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, the CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine</p>"
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},
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"Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
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"text": "2.1% (2019/20)",
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> estimate is for Gaza Strip and the West Bank"
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@ -313,17 +313,6 @@
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"text": "total: 0% of population (2020 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Major infectious diseases": {
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"degree of risk": {
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"text": "intermediate (2023)"
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},
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"food or waterborne diseases": {
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"text": "bacterial diarrhea"
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},
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"vectorborne diseases": {
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"text": "Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever"
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}
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},
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"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
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"text": "25.8% (2016)"
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},
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@ -596,14 +585,15 @@
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "unicameral Islamic Consultative Assembly or Majles-e Shura-ye Eslami or Majles (290 seats; 285 members directly elected in single- and multi-seat constituencies by multiple non-transferable vote in 2 rounds, 1 seat each for Zoroastrians, Jews, Assyrian and Chaldean Christians, Armenians in the north of the country and Armenians in the south; members serve 4-year terms); note - all candidates to the Majles must be approved by the Council of Guardians, a 12-member group of which 6 are appointed by the supreme leader and 6 are jurists nominated by the judiciary and elected by the Majles"
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"text": "unicameral Islamic Consultative Assembly or Majles-e Shura-ye Eslami or Majles (290 seats; 285 members directly elected in single- and multi-seat constituencies by multiple non-transferable vote in 2 rounds, 1 seat each for Zoroastrians, Jews, Assyrian and Chaldean Christians, Armenians in the north of the country and Armenians in the south; members serve 4-year terms)"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "first round held on 1 March 2024 for 245 seats; second round for 45 remaining seats to be held on 10 May 2024 (next full Majles election to be held in 2028)"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "percent of vote by coalition in first round - NA; seats by coalition in first round - conservatives and hardliners 200, other 45; composition - NA"
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}
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> all candidates to the Majles must be approved by the Council of Guardians, a 12-member group of which 6 are appointed by the supreme leader and 6 are jurists nominated by the judiciary and elected by the Majles"
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"highest court(s)": {
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@ -305,9 +305,6 @@
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"text": "total: 0.1% of population (2020 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Major infectious diseases": {
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"text": "<p><strong>note: </strong>on 31 August 2023, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Asia; Israel is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, the CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine</p>"
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},
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"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
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"text": "26.1% (2016)"
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},
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@ -566,14 +563,15 @@
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "unicameral Knesset (120 seats; members directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by closed party-list proportional representation vote, with a 3.25% vote threshold to gain representation; members serve 4-year terms)"
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"text": "unicameral Knesset (120 seats; members directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by closed party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "last held on 1 November 2022 (next to be held in November 2026)"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "percent by party - Likud 23.4%, Yesh Atid 17.8%, Religious Zionism (electoral alliance of Religious Zionist Party, Jewish Power, and Noam) 10.8%, National Unity 9.1%, Shas 8.2%, UTJ 5.9%, Yisrael Beiteinu 4.5%, United Arab List 4.1%, Hadash-Ta'al 3.8%, Labor 3.7%, Meretz 3.2%, other 1.6%; seats by party - Likud 32, Yesh Atid 24, Religious Zionism (electoral alliance of Religious Zionist Party, Jewish Power, and Noam) 14, National Unity 12, Shas 11, UTJ 7, Yisrael Beiteinu 6, Hadash-Ta'al 5, United Arab List 5, Labor 4; composition - men 90, women 30, percentage women 25%; note - following the 1 November 2022 election, the Religious Zionism Alliance split into its three constituent parties in the Knesset: Religious Zionism 7 seats, Jewish Power (Otzma Yehudit) 6, and Noam 1"
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}
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"text": "percent by party - Likud 23.4%, Yesh Atid 17.8%, Religious Zionism (electoral alliance of Religious Zionist Party, Jewish Power, and Noam) 10.8%, National Unity 9.1%, Shas 8.2%, UTJ 5.9%, Yisrael Beiteinu 4.5%, United Arab List 4.1%, Hadash-Ta'al 3.8%, Labor 3.7%, Meretz 3.2%, other 1.6%; seats by party - Likud 32, Yesh Atid 24, Religious Zionism (electoral alliance of Religious Zionist Party, Jewish Power, and Noam) 14, National Unity 12, Shas 11, UTJ 7, Yisrael Beiteinu 6, Hadash-Ta'al 5, United Arab List 5, Labor 4; composition - men 90, women 30, percentage women 25%"
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},
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"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> a 3.25% vote threshold is required to gain representation<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> following the 1 November 2022 election, the Religious Zionism Alliance split into its three constituent parties in the Knesset: Religious Zionism 7 seats, Jewish Power (Otzma Yehudit) 6, and Noam 1"
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"highest court(s)": {
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@ -312,14 +312,6 @@
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"text": "total: 0% of population (2020 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Major infectious diseases": {
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"degree of risk": {
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"text": "intermediate (2023)"
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},
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"food or waterborne diseases": {
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"text": "bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever"
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}
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},
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"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
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"text": "30.4% (2016)"
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},
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@ -586,8 +578,9 @@
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"text": "last held on 10 October 2021 (next to be held in 2025)"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - Taqadum 47, State of Law Coalition 43, Al Fatah Alliance 37, Kurdistan Democratic Party 31, Kurdistan Coalition 18, Azm Alliance 16, Imtidad 16, State Forces Alliance 11, Ishraqat Kanun 10, New Generation Movement 9, National Contract Party 8, Tasmim Alliance 7, Babiliyun Movement 3, other 73; composition - men 234, women 95, percentage women 29.2%; note - seat counts reflect updated numbers following the 12 June 2022 Sadrist Trend withdrawal from government formation, and its 73 seats were reallocated to other parties"
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}
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"text": "percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - Taqadum 47, State of Law Coalition 43, Al Fatah Alliance 37, Kurdistan Democratic Party 31, Kurdistan Coalition 18, Azm Alliance 16, Imtidad 16, State Forces Alliance 11, Ishraqat Kanun 10, New Generation Movement 9, National Contract Party 8, Tasmim Alliance 7, Babiliyun Movement 3, other 73; composition - men 234, women 95, percentage women 29.2%"
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> seat counts reflect updated numbers following the 12 June 2022 Sadrist Trend withdrawal from government formation; its 73 seats were reallocated to other parties"
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"highest court(s)": {
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@ -585,8 +585,7 @@
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "Senate - composition - men 55, women 10, percent of women 15.4%<br><em><br></em>House of Representatives - percentage by party - NA; seats by party - Islamic Action Front 31, Mithaq 21, Irada 19, and Taqadum 8, other (includes seats reserved for women, minorities)"
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},
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"note": "note: in 2022, a new electoral law - effective for the anticipated 2024 election - will increase the total number of Chamber of Deputies' seats to 138 from 130; 97 members to be directly elected from multi-seat geographic districts by open list proportional representation vote, with over 7 percent of total votes needed to gain a seat, and 41 members to be directly elected from a single national district by closed party-list proportional representation vote, with over a 2.5 percent of total votes needed to gain a seat"
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}
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"highest court(s)": {
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@ -552,7 +552,7 @@
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"election results": {
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"text": "50 nonpartisan candidates, including 29 opposition candidates; composition - men 63, women 2, percent women 3.1%"
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},
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"note": "<strong>Note:</strong> on 10 May 2024, Amir Sheikh MISHAL al-Ahmad al-Sabah dissolved the National Assembly, and some powers held by the National Assembly are assumed by the government"
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in May 2024, Amir Sheikh MISHAL al-Ahmad al-Sabah dissolved the National Assembly, and some powers held by the National Assembly were assumed by the government"
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"highest court(s)": {
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@ -560,15 +560,15 @@
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "unicameral House of Representatives or Majlis al-Nuwab in Arabic, Chambre des députés in French (128 seats; members directly elected in multi-member constituencies by open-list proportional representation vote, apportioned evenly between Christians and Muslims; members serve 4-year terms)"
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"text": "unicameral House of Representatives or Majlis al-Nuwab in Arabic, Chambre des députés in French (128 seats; members directly elected in multi-member constituencies by open-list proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "last held on 15 May 2022 (next to be held in May 2026)"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "percent of vote by party/coalition – NA; seats by party/coalition – FPM 16, LF 14, Amal Movement 13, Hezbollah 13, PSP 9, Kata’ib Party 4, other 30, independent 29; composition - men 120, women 8, percentage women 6.3%; note - a dozen of the elected deputies are from groups pushing for reform with origins in the recent protest movements against the established elite and have formed a group called the \"Forces of Change\""
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"text": "percent of vote by party/coalition – NA; seats by party/coalition – FPM 16, LF 14, Amal Movement 13, Hezbollah 13, PSP 9, Kata’ib Party 4, other 30, independent 29; composition - men 120, women 8, percentage women 6.3%"
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Lebanon’s constitution states the Lebanese Parliament cannot conduct regular business until it elects a president when the position is vacant"
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"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> Lebanon’s constitution states that the Parliament cannot conduct regular business until it elects a president when the position is vacant <br><strong><br>note 2:</strong> seats are apportioned evenly between Christians and Muslims"
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"highest court(s)": {
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{
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"Introduction": {
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"Background": {
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"text": "<p>The inhabitants of the area of present-day Oman have long prospered from Indian Ocean trade. In the late 18th century, the nascent sultanate in Muscat signed the first in a series of friendship treaties with Britain. Over time, Oman's dependence on British political and military advisors increased, although the sultanate never became a British colony. In 1970, QABOOS bin Said Al Said overthrew his father and ruled as sultan for the next five decades. His extensive modernization program opened the country to the outside world. He prioritized strategic ties to the UK and US, and his moderate, independent foreign policy allowed Oman to maintain good relations with its neighbors and avoid external entanglements.<br><br>In 2011, the popular uprisings that swept the Middle East and North Africa inspired demonstrations in Oman that called for more jobs and economic benefits and an end to corruption. In response, QABOOS implemented economic and political reforms such as granting Oman’s legislative body more power and authorizing direct elections for its lower house. Additionally, the sultan increased unemployment benefits and issued a royal directive mandating a national public- and private-sector job creation plan. As part of the government's efforts to decentralize authority and allow greater citizen participation in local governance, Oman successfully conducted its first municipal council elections in 2012. QABOOS, Oman's longest reigning monarch, died on in 2020. His cousin, HAYTHAM bin Tariq Al Said, former Minister of Heritage and Culture, was sworn in as Oman's new sultan the same day.</p>"
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"text": "<p>The inhabitants of the area of present-day Oman have long prospered from Indian Ocean trade. In the late 18th century, the nascent sultanate in Muscat signed the first in a series of friendship treaties with Britain. Over time, Oman's dependence on British political and military advisors increased, although the sultanate never became a British colony. In 1970, QABOOS bin Said Al Said overthrew his father and ruled as sultan for the next five decades. His extensive modernization program opened the country to the outside world. He prioritized strategic ties to the UK and US, and his moderate, independent foreign policy allowed Oman to maintain good relations with its neighbors and avoid external entanglements.<br><br>In 2011, the popular uprisings that swept the Middle East and North Africa inspired demonstrations in Oman that called for more jobs and economic benefits and an end to corruption. In response, QABOOS implemented economic and political reforms such as granting Oman’s legislative body more power and authorizing direct elections for its lower house. Additionally, the sultan increased unemployment benefits and issued a royal directive mandating a national public- and private-sector job creation plan. As part of the government's efforts to decentralize authority and allow greater citizen participation in local governance, Oman successfully conducted its first municipal council elections in 2012. QABOOS, Oman's longest reigning monarch, died in 2020. His cousin, HAYTHAM bin Tariq Al Said, former Minister of Heritage and Culture, was sworn in as Oman's new sultan the same day.</p>"
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}
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},
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"Geography": {
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"text": "previous 1972 (provisional); latest drafted 2 July 2002, approved by referendum 29 April 2003, endorsed 8 June 2004, effective 9 June 2005"
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},
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"amendments": {
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"text": "proposed by the Amir or by one third of Advisory Council members; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Advisory Council members and approval and promulgation by the emir; articles pertaining to the rule of state and its inheritance, functions of the emir, and citizen rights and liberties cannot be amended"
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"text": "proposed by the Amir or by one third of Advisory Council members; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Advisory Council members and approval and promulgation by the emir; articles pertaining to the rule of state and its inheritance, functions of the emir, and citizen rights and liberties cannot be amended; amended by referendum November 2024; note - among the 19 proposed amendments, a major one was replacing direct elections for 30 of the 45 members of the Shura Council with appointments"
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}
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},
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"International law organization participation": {
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "unicameral Advisory Council or Majlis al-Shura (45 seats; 30 members directly elected by popular vote for 4-year re-electable terms; 15 members appointed by the monarch to serve until resignation or until relieved; note - legislative drafting authority rests with the Council of Ministers and is reviewed by the Advisory Council"
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"text": "unicameral Advisory Council or Majlis al-Shura (45 seats; members appointed by the monarch to serve until resignation or until relieved; note 1 - legislative drafting authority rests with the Council of Ministers and is reviewed by the Advisory Council; note 2 - a constitutional amendment passed in late 2023, replaced direct elections for 30 of the 45 members of the Shura Council with appointments"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "last held for 30 elected members on 2 October 2021 (next to be held in 2025); last members appointed - 14 October 2021 (next appointments - NA)"
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> SANG also has an irregular force (Fowj), primarily Bedouin tribal volunteers, with a total strength of approximately 25,000"
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},
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"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
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"text": "the inventory of the Saudi military forces, including the SANG, includes a mix of mostly modern weapons systems from the US and Europe; in recent years, the US has been the leading supplier of armaments; other major suppliers include France, Spain, and the UK; Saudi Arabia is one of the world's largest importers of arms (2024)",
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"text": "the inventory of the Saudi military forces, including the SANG, includes a mix of mostly modern weapons and equipment from Europe and the US; the US has been the largest supplier; major European suppliers have included France, Spain, and the UK; Saudi Arabia is one of the world's largest importers of arms (2024)",
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Saudi Navy is in the midst of a multi-year and multi-billion-dollar expansion and modernization program to purchase new frigates, corvettes, and other naval craft from such suppliers as Spain and the US"
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},
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"Military service age and obligation": {
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> note includes Gaza Strip and the West Bank"
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},
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"Major infectious diseases": {
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"text": "<p><strong>note: </strong>on 31 August 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Asia; the West Bank is currently considered a high risk to travelers for polio; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, the CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine</p>"
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},
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"Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
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"text": "2.1% (2019/20)",
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> estimate is for Gaza Strip and the West Bank"
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"text": "the PA police and security forces have approximately 28,000 active personnel, including about 11,500 National Security Forces (2024)"
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},
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"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
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"text": "the security services are armed mostly with small arms and light weapons; in recent years, they have received small amounts of equipment from Jordan, Russia, and the US (2023)"
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"text": "the security services are lightly equipped with small arms, light weapons, and wheeled vehicles (2024)"
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},
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"Military - note": {
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"text": "Palestinian Authority security forces maintain security control of 17.5% (called Area A) of the West Bank, as agreed by the Palestine Liberation Organization and Israel in the Oslo Accords; Israeli security forces maintain responsibility for the remaining 82.5% of the West Bank, including Area B (22.5%), where the Palestinian Authority has administrative control, and Area C (60%), where Israel maintains administrative control (2023)"
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"text": "total: 40.9% of population (2020 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Major infectious diseases": {
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||||
"degree of risk": {
|
||||
"text": "high (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"food or waterborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"vectorborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "dengue fever, malaria, and sexually transmitted diseases: hepatitis B (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"water contact diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "schistosomiasis"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>on 31 August 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Asia; Yemen is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and <em>that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus</em>; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, the CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "17.1% (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1129,7 +1114,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "information limited and widely varied; Yemen Government: up to 300,000 estimated military, paramilitary, militia, and other security forces; UAE- and Saudi-backed forces: estimated 150-200,000 trained militia and paramilitary fighters; Houthis: up to 200,000 estimated fighters (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the inventory of the Yemeni Government forces consists primarily of Russian and Soviet-era equipment, although much of it has been lost in the current conflict; since the start of the civil war in 2014, it has received limited amounts of donated equipment from some Gulf States, including Saudi Arabia and UAE, as well as the US<br><br>Houthi forces are armed largely with weapons seized from Yemeni Government forces; they are also reported to have received military hardware from Iran (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "the Yemeni Government forces have an inventory consisting primarily of Russian and Soviet-era weapons and equipment Houthi forces are armed largely with weapons seized from the Yemeni Government stockpiles, smuggled in from Iran, and manufactured copies of Iranian designs and pre-war Yemeni Government weapons, such as Chinese and Russian missiles (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2001; 2-year service obligation (note - limited information since the start of the civil war in 2014) (2022)",
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
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Add a link
Reference in a new issue