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auto-update week 47
This commit is contained in:
Yo Robot
parent
bf489e8930
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134 changed files with 213 additions and 921 deletions
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@ -1177,10 +1177,10 @@
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}
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},
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"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
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"text": "approximately 7,000 total active-duty personnel (5,000 Army; 1,500 Navy; 500 Air Force) (2024)"
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"text": "approximately 7,000 total active-duty personnel (2024)"
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},
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"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
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"text": "since joining NATO, the military has been in the process of modernizing by retiring its inventory of Soviet-era weapons and replacing them with Western equipment, including donated and secondhand purchases (2023)"
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"text": "since joining NATO, the military has been in the process of modernizing by retiring its inventory of Soviet-era weapons and replacing them with Western equipment, including donated and secondhand deliveries (2024)"
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},
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"Military service age and obligation": {
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"text": "18-27 (up to 32 in some cases) for voluntary military service for men and women; conscription abolished 2010 (2024)",
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@ -503,7 +503,7 @@
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de les Valls (28 seats; 14 members directly elected in two-seat constituencies (7 parishes) by simple majority vote and 14 directly elected in a single national constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms); note - voters cast two separate ballots - one for national election and one for their parish"
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"text": "unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de les Valls (28 seats; 14 members directly elected in two-seat constituencies (7 parishes) by simple majority vote and 14 directly elected in a single national constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "last held on 2 April 2023 (next to be held in April 2027)"
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@ -511,7 +511,7 @@
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"election results": {
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"text": "percent of vote by party/coalition - DA, CC, L'A & ACCIO alliance 43.6%, C 21.4%, AE 16%, PS & SDP alliance 21.1%; seats by party/coalition - DA, CC, L'A & ACCIO alliance 17, C 5, AE 3, PS & SDP alliance 3; composition - men 14, women 14, percentage women 50%"
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> voters cast two separate ballots -- one for the national election and one for their parish"
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> voters cast two separate ballots -- one for the national election and one for their parish"
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"highest court(s)": {
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@ -525,8 +525,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Political parties": {
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"text": "Action for Andorra or ACCIO <br>Committed Citizens or CC <br>Concord <br>Democrats for Andorra or DA <br>Forward Andorra or AE <br>Liberals of Andorra or L'A <br>Social Democratic Party or PS <br>Social Democracy and Progress or SDP ",
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Andorra has several smaller parties at the parish level (one is Lauredian Union)"
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"text": "Action for Andorra or ACCIO <br>Committed Citizens or CC <br>Concord or C<br>Democrats for Andorra or DA <br>Forward Andorra or AE <br>Liberals of Andorra or L'A <br>Social Democratic Party or PS <br>Social Democracy and Progress or SDP"
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},
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"International organization participation": {
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"text": "CE, FAO, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITU, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer)"
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@ -1099,7 +1099,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Communications - note": {
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"text": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the Austrian National Library contains important collections of the Imperial Library of the Holy Roman Empire and of the Austrian Empire, as well as of the Austrian Republic; among its more than 12 million items are outstanding holdings of rare books, maps, globes, papyrus, and music; its Globe Museum is the only one in the world<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> on 1 October 1869, Austria-Hungary introduced the world's first postal card - postal stationery with an imprinted stamp indicating the prepayment of postage; simple and cheap (sent for a fraction of the cost of a regular letter), postal cards became an instant success, widely produced in the millions worldwide<br><br><strong>note 3:</strong> Austria followed up with the creation of the world's first commercial picture postcards - cards bearing a picture or photo to which postage is affixed - in May 1871; sent from Vienna, the image served as a souvenir of the city; together, postal cards and post cards served as the world's e-mails of the late 19th and early 20th centuries<br><br><strong>note 4:</strong> Austria was also an airmail pioneer; from March to October of 1918, it conducted the world's first regular (daily) airmail service - between the imperial cities of Vienna, Krakow, and Lemberg - a combined distance of some 650 km (400 mi) (earlier airmail services had been set up in a few parts of the world but only for short stretches, and none lasted beyond a few days or weeks); an expansion of the route in June of 1918 allowed private mail to be flown to Kyiv, in newly independent Ukraine, which made the route the world's first regular international airmail service (covering a distance of some 1,200 km; 750 mi)"
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"text": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the Austrian National Library contains important collections of the Imperial Library of the Holy Roman Empire and of the Austrian Empire, as well as of the Austrian Republic; among its more than 12 million items are outstanding holdings of rare books, maps, globes, papyrus, and music; its Globe Museum is the only one in the world<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> on 1 October 1869, Austria-Hungary introduced the world's first postal card - postal stationery with an imprinted stamp indicating the prepayment of postage; simple and cheap (sent for a fraction of the cost of a regular letter), postal cards became an instant success, widely produced in the millions worldwide<br><br><strong>note 3:</strong> Austria followed up with the creation of the world's first commercial picture postcards - cards bearing a picture or photo to which postage is affixed - in May 1871; sent from Vienna, the image served as a souvenir of the city; together, postal cards and post cards served as the world's e-mails of the late 19th and early 20th centuries<br><br><strong>note 4:</strong> Austria was also an airmail pioneer; from March to October of 1918, it conducted the world's first regular (daily) airmail service - between the imperial cities of Vienna, Krakow, and Lemberg - a combined distance of some 650 km (400 mi) (earlier airmail services had been set up in a few parts of the world but only for short stretches, and none lasted beyond a few days or weeks); an expansion of the route in June of 1918 allowed private mail to be flown to Kyiv, in newly independent Ukraine, which made the route the world's first regular international airmail service (covering a distance of some 1,200 km; 750 mi)"
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}
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},
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"Transportation": {
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@ -567,12 +567,12 @@
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"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate or Senaat (in Dutch), Senat (in French) (60 seats; 50 members indirectly elected by the community and regional parliaments based on their election results, and 10 elected by the 50 other senators; members serve 5-year terms)<br>Chamber of Representatives or Kamer van Volksvertegenwoordigers (in Dutch), Chambre des Representants (in French) (150 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "Senate - last held 18 July 2024 (next to be held on 31 July 2029) <br>Chamber of Representatives - last held on 9 June 2024 (next to be held on 30 June 2029); note - elections coincided with the EU parliamentary elections"
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"text": "Senate - last held 18 July 2024 (next to be held on 31 July 2029) <br>Chamber of Representatives - last held on 9 June 2024 (next to be held on 30 June 2029)"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - N/A; seats by party - N-VA 10, MR 10, VB 8, PS 6, PVDA-PTB 6, CD&V 5, Les Engages 5, Open VLD 3, Ecolo 3, Vooruit 4; composition - men 32, women 28, percent percentage women 46.7%<br><br>Chamber of Representatives - percent of vote by party - N-VA 16.7%, VB 13.5%, MR 10.3%, PVDA-PTB 9.9%, Vooruit 8.1%, PS 8%, CD&V 8%, Les Engages 6.8%, Open VLD 5.5%, Green 4.7%, Ecolo 3%, Defi 1%; seats by party - N-VA 24, VB 20, MR 20, PS 16, PVDA+PTB 15, Les Engages 14, Vooruit 13, CD&V 11, Open VLD 7,Green 6, Ecolo 3, Defi 1; composition - men 86, women 64, percentage women 42.7%; total Parliament percentage women 42.9%"
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the 1993 constitutional revision that further devolved Belgium into a federal state created three levels of government (federal, regional, and linguistic community) with a complex division of responsibilities; this results in six governments, each with its own legislative assembly"
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the 1993 constitutional revision that further devolved Belgium into a federal state created three levels of government (federal, regional, and linguistic community) with a complex division of responsibilities; this results in six governments, each with its own legislative assembly"
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"highest court(s)": {
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@ -1150,7 +1150,7 @@
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"text": "approximately 10,000 active-duty personnel (2023)"
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},
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"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
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"text": "the military's inventory is largely Soviet-era material with a smaller mix of mostly secondhand from other countries, particularly the US (2023)"
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"text": "the military's inventory of weapons and equipment is a combination of material originating from the former Soviet Union/former Yugoslavia and secondhand deliveries from Western suppliers such as the UK and especially the US (2024)"
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},
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"Military service age and obligation": {
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"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2005 (2024)",
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@ -627,7 +627,7 @@
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"text": "[359] (2) 937-5100"
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},
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"FAX": {
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"text": "[359] (2) 937-5320"
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"text": "[359] (2) 937-5209"
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},
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"email address and website": {
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"text": "<br>acs_sofia@state.gov<br><br>https://bg.usembassy.gov/"
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@ -578,7 +578,7 @@
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"election results": {
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"text": "<br>area under government control: House of Representatives - percent of vote by party/coalition - DISY 27.8%, AKEL 22.3%, DIKO 11.3%, ELAM 6.8%, EDEK-SP 6.7%, DIPA 6.1%, Movement of Ecologists - Citizens' Cooperation 4.4%, other 14.6%; seats by party/coalition - DISY 17, AKEL 15, DIKO 9, ELAM 4, EDEK-SP 4, DIPA 4, Movement of Ecologists - Citizens' Cooperation 3; composition - men 48, women 8, percent of women 14.3%<br><br>area administered by Turkish Cypriots - \"Assembly of the Republic\" - percent of vote by party - UBP 39.5%, CTP 32%, DP 7.4%, HP 6.7%, YDP 6.4%, other 8%; seats by party - UBP 24, CTP 18, DP 3, HP 3, YDP 2; composition NA"
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the area of Cyprus that Turkish Cypriots administer has a separate unicameral Assembly of the Republic, or Cumhuriyet Meclisi (50 seats); members are directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote "
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the area of Cyprus that Turkish Cypriots administer has a separate unicameral Assembly of the Republic, or Cumhuriyet Meclisi (50 seats); members are directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote"
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"highest court(s)": {
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@ -1185,7 +1185,7 @@
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"text": "approximately 17,000 active-duty personnel (10,000 Army; 3,500 Navy; 3,500 Air Force) (2024)"
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},
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"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
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"text": "the Danish military inventory is comprised of a mix of modern European, US, and domestically produced equipment; the US has been the largest supplier of military equipment to Denmark in recent years; the Danish defense industry is active in the production of naval vessels, defense electronics, and subcomponents of larger weapons systems, such as the US F-35 fighter aircraft (2023)"
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"text": "the Danish military inventory is comprised of modern European, US, and domestically produced weapons and equipment; the Danish defense industry is active in the production of naval vessels, defense electronics, and subcomponents of larger weapons systems, such as the US F-35 fighter aircraft; the major warships of the Royal Danish Navy were all produced domestically (2024)"
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},
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"Military service age and obligation": {
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"text": "18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscripts serve an initial training period that varies from 4 to 12 months depending on specialization; former conscripts are assigned to mobilization units; women eligible to volunteer for military service; in addition to full time employment, the Danish military offers reserve contracts in all three branches (2023)",
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@ -322,14 +322,15 @@
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "two legislative bodies consisting of the Council of the European Union (27 seats; ministers representing the 27 member states) and the European Parliament (720 seats; seats allocated among member states roughly in proportion to population size; members elected by proportional representation to serve 5-year terms); note - the European Parliament President, Roberta METSOLA, was elected in January 2022 and reelected in July 2024 by a majority of fellow members of the European Parliament (MEPs) and represents the Parliament within the EU and internationally; the Council of the EU and the MEPs share responsibilities for adopting the bulk of EU legislation; the two bodies must come to agreement for a commission proposal to become law, after negotiations in which they reconcile differences in each body's text of the proposal, except in the area of Common Foreign and Security Policy, which is governed by consensus of the EU member-state governments)"
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"text": "two legislative bodies consisting of the Council of the European Union (27 seats; ministers representing the 27 member states) and the European Parliament (720 seats; seats allocated among member states roughly in proportion to population size; members elected by proportional representation to serve 5-year terms)"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "last held on 6-9 June 2024 (next to be held in June 2029)"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "European Parliament percent of vote - NA; seats by party - EPP 188, S&D 136, PfE 84, ECR 78, Renew 77, Greens/EFA 53, GUE-NGL 46, ESN 25, non-attached 12, other 21; composition - men 424, women 281, percentage women 39.8%"
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}
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},
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"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the European Parliament (EP) President, Roberta METSOLA, was elected in January 2022 and reelected in July 2024 by a majority of EP members (MEPs) and represents the EP in the EU and internationally <br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the EP and the Council of the EU share responsibilities for adopting the bulk of EU legislation; the European Commission proposes legislation, and the two other bodies have to agree for the proposal to become law -- except in the area of Common Foreign and Security Policy, which is governed by consensus of the EU member-state governments"
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"highest court(s)": {
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"text": "approximately 29,000 active personnel (23,000 Army; 6,000 Air Force) (2024)"
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},
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"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
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"text": "the Czech military has a mix of Soviet-era and more modern equipment, mostly of Western European origin from such suppliers as Austria, Germany, and Spain; Czechia has a considerable domestic defense industry; during the Cold War, Czechoslovakia was a major producer of tanks, armored personnel carriers, military trucks, and trainer aircraft (2024)",
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in 2019, Czechia announced a modernization plan to acquire more Western equipment that was compliant with NATO standards, including aircraft and armored vehicles"
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"text": "the Czech military has a mix of domestically produced, Soviet-era, and more recently acquired modern weapons and equipment from such suppliers as Austria, Germany, Sweden, and the US; its domestic defense industry has produced such items as armored combat vehicles and light attack aircraft; during the Cold War, Czechoslovakia was a major producer of tanks, armored personnel carriers, military trucks, and trainer aircraft (2024)",
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in 2019, Czechia announced a modernization plan to acquire more Western equipment that was compliant with NATO standards, including armored vehicles, fighter aircraft, and helicopters"
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},
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"Military service age and obligation": {
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"text": "18-28 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; conscription abolished 2004 (2024)",
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "unicameral Faroese Parliament or Logting (33 seats; members directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)<br>the Faroe Islands elect 2 members to the Danish Parliament to serve 4-year terms"
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"text": "unicameral Faroese Parliament or Logting (33 seats; members directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "Faroese Parliament - last held on 8 December 2022 (next to be held in 2026)<br><br>Faroese seats in the Danish Parliament last held on 31 October 2022 (next to be held no later than 31 October 2026)"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "Faroese Parliament percent of vote by party - JF 26.6%, B 20%, A 18.9%, E 17.7%, F 7.5%, H 6.6%, seats by party - JF 9, B 7, A 6, E 6, F 3, H 2; composition - men 24, women 9; percentage women 27.3%<br><br>Faroese seats in Danish Parliament - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - JF 1, B 1; composition - men 2, women 0; percentage women 0%"
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}
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Faroe Islands elect 2 members to the Danish Parliament to serve 4-year terms"
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"highest court(s)": {
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of:<br>Senate or Sénat (348 seats - 328 for metropolitan France and overseas departments and regions of Guadeloupe, Martinique, French Guiana, Reunion, and Mayotte, 2 for New Caledonia, 2 for French Polynesia, 1 for Saint-Pierre and Miquelon, 1 for Saint-Barthelemy, 1 for Saint-Martin, 1 for Wallis and Futuna, and 12 for French nationals abroad; members indirectly elected by departmental electoral colleges using absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for departments with 1-3 members, and proportional representation vote in departments with 4 or more members; members serve 6-year terms with one-half of the membership renewed every 3 years)<br>National Assembly or Assemblée Nationale (577 seats - 556 for metropolitan France, 10 for overseas departments, and 11 for citizens abroad; members directly elected by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed to serve 5-year terms)"
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"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of:<br>Senate or Sénat (348 seats; members indirectly elected; members serve 6-year terms with one-half of the membership renewed every 3 years)<br>National Assembly or Assemblée Nationale (577 seats - 556 for metropolitan France, 10 for overseas departments, and 11 for citizens abroad; members directly elected by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed to serve 5-year terms)"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "Senate - last held on 24 September 2023 (next to be held by 30 September 2026)<br>National Assembly - last held on 30 June and 7 July 2024 (next to be held on 30 June 2029)"
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "unicameral States of Deliberation (40 seats; 38 People's Deputies and 2 representatives of the States of Alderney; members directly elected by majority vote to serve 4-year terms); note - non-voting members include the bailiff (presiding officer), attorney-general, and solicitor-general"
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"text": "unicameral States of Deliberation (40 seats; 38 People's Deputies and 2 representatives of the States of Alderney; members directly elected by majority vote to serve 4-year terms)"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "last held on 7 October 2020 (next to be held in June 2025)"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "percent of vote - GPI 24.0%, GP 10%, APG 3.4%, independent 62.6%; seats - GPI 10, GP 6, independent 22, States of Alderney 2; composition - men 32, women 8, percentage women 20%"
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}
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> non-voting members include the bailiff (presiding officer), attorney-general, and solicitor-general"
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"highest court(s)": {
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlament consists of:<br>Federal Council or Bundesrat (69 seats statutory, 71 current; members appointed by each of the 16 state governments)<br>Federal Diet or Bundestag (736 seats statutory, 736 for the 2021-25 term - total seats can vary each electoral term; currently includes 4 seats for independent members; approximately one-half of members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and approximately one-half directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote; members' terms depend upon the states they represent)"
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"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlament consists of:<br>Federal Council or Bundesrat (69 seats statutory, 71 current; members appointed by each of the 16 state governments)<br>Federal Diet or Bundestag (736 seats statutory, 736 for the 2021-25 term; approximately one-half of members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and approximately one-half directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote; members' terms depend upon the states they represent)"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "Bundesrat - none; determined by the composition of the state-level governments; the composition of the Bundesrat has the potential to change any time one of the 16 states holds an election<br>Bundestag - last held on 26 September 2021 (next to be held by September 2025); almost all postwar German governments have been coalitions"
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "unicameral Hellenic Parliament or Vouli ton Ellinon (300 seats; 280 members in multi-seat and single-seat constituencies and 15 members - including 3 seats for Greek diaspora - in a single nationwide constituency directly elected by open party-list proportional representation vote; members serve up to 4 years); note - only parties surpassing a 3% threshold are entitled to parliamentary seats; parties need 10 seats to become formal parliamentary groups but can retain that status if the party participated in the last election and received the minimum 3% threshold"
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"text": "unicameral Hellenic Parliament or Vouli ton Ellinon (300 seats; 280 members in multi-seat and single-seat constituencies and 15 members - including 3 seats for Greek diaspora - in a single nationwide constituency directly elected by open party-list proportional representation vote; members serve up to 4 years)"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "last held on 25 June 2023 (next to be held in 2027)"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "percent of vote by party - ND 40.6%, SYRIZA-PS 17.8%, PASOK-KINAL 11.9%, KKE 7.7%, Spartans 4.6%, Greek Solution 4.4%, NIKI 3.7%, Course of Freedom 3.2%, other 6.1%; seats by party - ND 158, SYRIZA-PS 48, PASOK-KINAL 32, KKE 20, Spartans 12, Greek Solution 12, NIKI 10, Course of Freedom 8; composition - men 231, women 69, percentage women 23%"
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}
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> only parties surpassing a 3% vote threshold are entitled to parliamentary seats; parties need 10 seats to become formal parliamentary groups but can retain that status if the party participated in the last election and received the minimum 3% threshold"
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"highest court(s)": {
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
|
||||
"text": "unicameral Assembly or Hrvatski Sabor (151 seats; 140 members in 10 multi-seat constituencies and 3 members in a single constituency for Croatian diaspora directly elected by proportional representation vote using the D'Hondt method with a 5% threshold; an additional 8 members elected from a nationwide constituency by simple majority by voters belonging to minorities recognized by Croatia; the Serb minority elects 3 Assembly members, the Hungarian and Italian minorities elect 1 each, the Czech and Slovak minorities elect 1 jointly, and all other minorities elect 2; all members serve 4-year terms"
|
||||
"text": "unicameral Assembly or Hrvatski Sabor (151 seats; members serve 4-year terms)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "last election held on 17 April 2024 (next to be held by April 2028)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -580,7 +580,7 @@
|
|||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "percent of vote by party/coalition - HDZ-led coalition 40.4%, SDP 27.8%, DP 9.3%, MOST 7.3%, We Can! 6.6%, SDSS 2.0%, Independents 1.3%, NPS 1.3%, IDS 1.3%, Bosniaks Together 0.7%, DZMH 0.7%, Focus 0.7%, SRRH 0.7%; seats by party/coalition - HDZ-led coalition 61, SDP 42, DP 14, MOST 11, We Can! 10, SDSS 3, Independents 2, NPS 2, IDS 2, Bosniaks Together 1, DZMH 1, Focus 1, SRRH 1; composition - men 101, women 50, percent of women 33%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> of the 151 seats, 140 members come from 10 multi-seat constituencies, with 3 members in a constituency for Croatian diaspora; voters belonging to recognized minorities elect an additional 8 members from a nationwide constituency: the Serb minority elects 3 members, the Hungarian and Italian minorities elect 1 each, the Czech and Slovak minorities elect 1 jointly, and all other minorities elect 2"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> of the 151 seats, 140 members come from 10 multi-seat constituencies, with 3 members in a constituency for Croatian diaspora; voters belonging to recognized minorities elect an additional 8 members from a nationwide constituency: the Serb minority elects 3 members, the Hungarian and Italian minorities elect 1 each, the Czech and Slovak minorities elect 1 jointly, and all other minorities elect 2"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Judicial branch": {
|
||||
"highest court(s)": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1202,7 +1202,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "approximately 14,000 active-duty personnel (10,000 Army; 1,500 Navy; 1,500 Air force; 1,000 joint/other) (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the military's inventory is a mix of Soviet-era equipment and a growing amount of more modern, NATO-compatible weapon systems from Western suppliers, including France, Germany, and the US (2024)"
|
||||
"text": "the military's inventory is a mix of Soviet-era (largely from the former Yugoslavia) equipment and a growing amount of more modern, NATO-compatible weapon systems from suppliers such as France, Germany, Turkey, and the US (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18-27 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2008 but slated to be reinstated in January 2025 (2024)",
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -304,14 +304,6 @@
|
|||
"text": "total: 0% of population (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"degree of risk": {
|
||||
"text": "intermediate (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"vectorborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "tickborne encephalitis (2016)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "26.4% (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -431,14 +431,15 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
"description": {
|
||||
"text": "bicameral Tynwald or the High Court of Tynwald consists of:<br>Legislative Council (11 seats; includes the President of Tynwald, 2 ex-officio (non-voting) members - the Lord Bishop of Sodor and Man and the attorney general - and 8 members indirectly elected by the House of Keys with renewal of 4 members every 2 years; elected members serve 4-year terms) <br>House of Keys (24 seats; 2 members each from 12 constituencies directly elected by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
|
||||
"text": "bicameral Tynwald or the High Court of Tynwald consists of:<br>Legislative Council (11 seats; renewal of 4 members every 2 years; elected members serve 4-year terms) <br>House of Keys (24 seats; 2 members each from 12 constituencies directly elected by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "Legislative Council - last held 14 March 2023 (next to be held by March 2028)<br>House of Keys - last held on 23 September 2021 (next to be held on 24 September 2026)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>Legislative Council - composition - men 6, women 4, vacant 1; percentage women 36.4%</p> <p>House of Keys - percent of vote by party - Liberal Vannin 5.3%, Manx Labour Party 5.1%, Green Party 3.3% independent 86.3%; seats by party - independent 21; Manx Labour Party 2, Liberal Vannin 1; composition – men 14, women 10, percentage women 41.7%; total Tynwald percentage women 40%</p>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Legislative Council includes the President of Tynwald, 2 non-voting members (the Lord Bishop of Sodor and Man and the attorney general), and 8 members indirectly elected by the House of Keys"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Judicial branch": {
|
||||
"highest court(s)": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -418,14 +418,15 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
"description": {
|
||||
"text": "unicameral Assembly of the States of Jersey (49 elected members; 8 senators to serve 4-year terms, and 29 deputies and 12 connetables, or heads of parishes, to serve 4-year terms; 5 non-voting members appointed by the monarch include the bailiff, lieutenant governor, dean of Jersey, attorney general, and the solicitor general)"
|
||||
"text": "unicameral Assembly of the States of Jersey (49 elected members; 8 senators to serve 4-year terms, and 29 deputies and 12 connetables, or heads of parishes, to serve 4-year terms"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "last held on 22 June 2022 (next to be held in 2026)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "percent of vote by party - BW 66.8%, RJ 12.3%, JA 2.0%, PP 2%, JLC 4.1%; seats by party - BW 35, RJ 10, JLC 2, JA 1, PP 1; composition - men 28, women 21, percentage women 42.9%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 5 non-voting members appointed by the monarch include the bailiff, lieutenant governor, dean of Jersey, attorney general, and the solicitor general"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Judicial branch": {
|
||||
"highest court(s)": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -435,14 +435,15 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
"description": {
|
||||
"text": "unicameral Assembly or Kuvendi i Kosoves/Skupstina Kosova (120 seats; 100 members directly elected by open-list proportional representation vote with 20 seats reserved for ethnic minorities - 10 for Serbs and 10 for other ethnic minorities; members serve 4-year terms)"
|
||||
"text": "unicameral Assembly or Kuvendi i Kosoves/Skupstina Kosova (120 seats; 100 members directly elected by open-list proportional representation vote with 20 seats reserved for ethnic minorities; members serve 4-year terms)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "last held on 14 February 2021 (next to be held in 2025)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "percent of vote by party - LVV 50%, PDK 16.9%, LDK 12.7%, AAK 7.1%, Serb List 5.1%, other 8.2%; seats by party - LVV 58, PDK 19, LDK 15, Serb List 10, AAK 8, other 10; composition - men 79, women 41, percentage women 34.2%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 20 seats reserved for ethnic minorities -- 10 for Serbs and 10 for other minorities"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Judicial branch": {
|
||||
"highest court(s)": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -943,10 +944,10 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
"text": "approximately 3,300 KSF personnel, including about 800 reserves (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "approximately 3,300 KSF personnel, including about 800 reserves (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the KSF is equipped with small arms and light vehicles and has relied on limited amounts of donated equipment from several countries, particularly Turkey and the US (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "the KSF is equipped with small arms and light vehicles and has relied on limited amounts of donated equipment from several countries, particularly Turkey and the US (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "any citizen of Kosovo over the age of 18 is eligible to serve in the Kosovo Security Force; upper age for enlisting is 30 for officers, 25 for other ranks, although these may be waived for recruits with key skills considered essential for the KSF<br> (2024)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -304,14 +304,6 @@
|
|||
"text": "total: 5.4% of population (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"degree of risk": {
|
||||
"text": "intermediate (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"vectorborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "tickborne encephalitis"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "23.6% (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -301,14 +301,6 @@
|
|||
"text": "total: 4% of population (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"degree of risk": {
|
||||
"text": "intermediate (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"vectorborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "tickborne encephalitis"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "26.3% (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -547,14 +547,15 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
"description": {
|
||||
"text": "unicameral Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Deputes (60 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms); note - a 21-member Council of State appointed by the Grand Duke on the advice of the prime minister serves as an advisory body to the Chamber of Deputies"
|
||||
"text": "unicameral Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Deputes (60 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "last held on 8 October 2023 (next to be held by 31 October 2028)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "percent of vote by party - CSV 29.2%, LSAP 18.9%, DP 18.7%, ADR 9.3%, Green Party 8.6%, Pirate Party 6.7%, The Left 3.9%; seats by party - CSV 21, DP 14, LSAP 11, ADR 5, Green Party 4, Pirate Party 3, The Left 2; composition - men 40, women 20, percentage women 33.3%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a 21-member Council of State is appointed by the Grand Duke on the advice of the prime minister and serves as an advisory body to the Chamber of Deputies"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Judicial branch": {
|
||||
"highest court(s)": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -307,17 +307,6 @@
|
|||
"text": "total: 2% of population (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"degree of risk": {
|
||||
"text": "intermediate (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"food or waterborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "bacterial diarrhea"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"vectorborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "23.3% (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1113,7 +1113,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "approximately 6,000 active-duty personnel (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the military's inventory is a mix of Soviet-era and increasing amounts of more modern Western-origin equipment from countries such as France, Turkey, and the US (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "the military's inventory is a mix of Soviet-era and increasing amounts of modern equipment from countries such as Turkey, the UK, and the US, with more on order (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2007 (2024)",
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -312,14 +312,6 @@
|
|||
"text": "total: 0% of population (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"degree of risk": {
|
||||
"text": "intermediate (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"vectorborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "tickborne encephalitis"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "23.1% (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -595,7 +587,8 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by coalition/party - United Right 34.8%, Civic Coalition 28.9%, Third Way 11.5%, The Left 5.3%, Senate Pact Independents 2.7%, independent 3%; seats by coalition/party - Civic Coalition 41, United Right 34, Third Way 11, The Left 9, Senate Pact Independents 4, independent 1<br><br>Sejm - percent of vote by coalition/party - PiS 35.4%, KO 30.7%, TD 14.4%, Lewica 8.6%, Konf 7.2%; seats by coalition/party - United Way 194, Civic Coalition 157, Third Way 65, The Left 26, Confederation 18"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the designation \"National Assembly\" (or Zgromadzenie Narodowe) is only used on those rare occasions when the two houses meet jointly"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Judicial branch": {
|
||||
"highest court(s)": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -187,14 +187,15 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
"description": {
|
||||
"text": "unicameral Longyearbyen Community Council (15 seats; members directly elected by majority vote to serve 4-year-terms); note - the Council acts very much like a Norwegian municipality, responsible for infrastructure and utilities, including power, land-use and community planning, education, and child welfare; however, healthcare services are provided by the state"
|
||||
"text": "unicameral Longyearbyen Community Council (15 seats; members directly elected by majority vote to serve 4-year-terms)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "last held on 9 October 2023 (next to be held in October 2027)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "seats by party - Liberal 7, Labor 3, Social Liberal 3, Conservative 2"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Council acts much like a Norwegian municipality, with responsibility for infrastructure and utilities (including power, land-use and community planning, education, and child welfare); however, the state provides healthcare services"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Judicial branch": {
|
||||
"highest court(s)": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -301,9 +301,6 @@
|
|||
"text": "total: 0.2% of population (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note: </strong>on 31 August 2023, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued an updated Travel Alert for polio in Europe; the United Kingdom is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and <em>that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus</em>; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, the CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "27.8% (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1122,7 +1119,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Communications - note": {
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the British Library claims to be the largest library in the world with well over 150 million items and in most known languages; it receives copies of all books produced in the UK or Ireland, as well as a significant proportion of overseas titles distributed in the UK; in addition to books (print and digital), holdings include: journals, manuscripts, newspapers, magazines, sound and music recordings, videos, maps, prints, patents, and drawings<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> on 1 May 1840, the United Kingdom led the world with the introduction of postage stamps; the Austrian Empire had examined the idea of an \"adhesive tax postmark\" for the prepayment of postage in 1835; while the suggestion was reviewed in detail, it was rejected for the time being; other countries (including Austria) soon followed the UK's example with their own postage stamps; by the 1860s, most countries were issuing stamps; originally, stamps had to be cut from sheets; the UK issued the first postage stamps with perforations in 1854"
|
||||
"text": "<p>note 1: the British Library claims to be the largest library in the world with well over 150 million items and in most known languages; it receives copies of all books produced in the UK or Ireland, as well as a significant proportion of overseas titles distributed in the UK; in addition to books (print and digital), holdings include: journals, manuscripts, newspapers, magazines, sound and music recordings, videos, maps, prints, patents, and drawings<br><br>note 2: on 1 May 1840, the United Kingdom led the world with the introduction of postage stamps; the Austrian Empire had examined the idea of an \"adhesive tax postmark\" for the prepayment of postage in 1835; while the suggestion was reviewed in detail, it was rejected for the time being; other countries (including Austria) soon followed the UK's example with their own postage stamps; by the 1860s, most countries were issuing stamps; originally, stamps had to be cut from sheets; the UK issued the first postage stamps with perforations in 1854</p>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transportation": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1230,7 +1227,7 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the military also has approximately 40-45,000 reserves and other personnel on active duty"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the inventory of the British military is comprised of a mix of domestically produced and some imported Western weapons systems; in recent years, the US has been the leading supplier of armaments to the UK; the UK defense industry is capable of producing a wide variety of air, land, and sea weapons systems and is one of the world's top weapons suppliers; it also cooperates with other European countries and the US (2024)"
|
||||
"text": "the inventory of the British military is comprised mostly of domestically produced weapons and equipment, with a smaller mix of some imported Western weapons systems, particularly from the US; the UK defense industry is capable of producing a wide variety of air, land, and sea weapons systems and is one of the world's top weapons suppliers; it also cooperates with other European countries and the US in the research and development of weapons systems (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "some variations by service, but generally 16-36 years of age for enlisted (with parental consent under 18) and 18-29 for officers; minimum length of service 4 years; women serve in all military services including combat roles; conscription abolished in 1963 (2024)",
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -580,11 +580,12 @@
|
|||
"text": "unicameral Supreme Council or Verkhovna Rada (450 seats; 225 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 225 directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by closed, party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "last held on 21 July 2019 (the next parliamentary election will take place after the end of the Russo-Ukrainian War)"
|
||||
"text": "last held on 21 July 2019"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "percent of vote by party - Servant of the People 43.2%, Opposition Platform-For Life 13.1%, Batkivshchyna 8.2%, European Solidarity 8.1%, Voice 5.8%, other 21.6%; Servant of the People 254, Opposition Platform for Life 43, Batkivshchyna 26, European Solidarity 25, Voice 20, Opposition Bloc 6, Svoboda 1, Self Reliance 1, United Centre 1, Bila Tserkva Together 1, independent 46; note - voting not held in Crimea and parts of two Russian-occupied eastern oblasts leaving 26 seats vacant; although this brings the total to 424 elected members (of 450 potential), article 83 of the constitution mandates that a parliamentary majority consists of 226 seats"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the next legislative election is expected to take place after the Russian-Ukrainian War ends"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Judicial branch": {
|
||||
"highest court(s)": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1243,17 +1244,17 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, President ZELENSKY announced a general mobilization of the country; prior to the invasion, approximately 200,000 active Armed Forces troops (125,000 Army; 25,000 Airborne/Air Assault Forces; 2,000 Special Operations Forces; 10,000 Navy; 40,000 Air Force); approximately 50,000 National Guard; approximately 40,000 State Border Guard"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "prior to the full-scale Russian invasion in February 2022, the Ukrainian military was equipped largely with Russian-origin and Soviet-era weapons systems; since the invasion, it has received considerable quantities of weapons, including Soviet-era and more modern Western systems, from European countries and the US; Ukraine has a broad defense industry capable of building, maintaining, and upgrading a variety of weapons systems (2024)"
|
||||
"text": "prior to the full-scale Russian invasion in February 2022, the Ukrainian military was equipped largely with Russian-origin and Soviet-era weapons systems; since the invasion, it has received considerable quantities of weapons, including Soviet-era and more modern Western systems, from European countries and the US; Ukraine also has a growing inventory of domestically-produced weapons and equipment (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary service; conscription abolished in 2012, but reintroduced for men in 2014; 25 years of age for conscription; prior to the Russian invasion of February 2022, conscript service obligation was 12-18 months, depending on the service (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>following the Russian invasion in 2022, all nonexempt men ages 18 to 60 were required to register with their local recruitment offices and undergo medical screening for possible service; the Territorial Defense Forces (TDF) accepts volunteers, 18-60 years of age; since the invasion, hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians have volunteered for the regular armed forces, the TDF, or to work in civilian defense activities <strong><br><br></strong><strong>note 2: </strong>women have been able to volunteer for military service since 1993; as of 2024, nearly 70,000 women were serving in the armed forces in both uniformed and civilian positions <br><br><strong>note 3:</strong> since 2015, the Ukrainian military has allowed foreigners and stateless persons, 18-45 (in special cases up to 60), to join on 3-5-year contracts, based on qualifications; following the Russian invasion in 2022, the military began accepting medically fit foreign volunteers on a larger scale, with an emphasis on persons with combat experience; wartime volunteers typically serve for 6 months"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>following the Russian invasion in 2022, all nonexempt men ages 18-60 were required to register with their local recruitment offices and undergo medical screening for possible service; the Territorial Defense Forces (TDF) accepts volunteers, 18-60 years of age; since the invasion, hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians have volunteered for the regular armed forces, the TDF, or to work in civilian defense activities <strong><br><br></strong><strong>note 2: </strong>women have been able to volunteer for military service since 1993; as of 2024, nearly 70,000 women were serving in the armed forces in both uniformed and civilian positions <br><br><strong>note 3:</strong> since 2015, the Ukrainian military has allowed foreigners and stateless persons, 18-45 (in special cases up to 60), to join on 3-5-year contracts, based on qualifications; following the Russian invasion in 2022, the military began accepting medically fit foreign volunteers on a larger scale, with an emphasis on persons with combat experience; wartime volunteers typically serve for 6 months"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military deployments": {
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> prior to the Russian invasion in 2022, Ukraine had committed about 500 troops to the Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine joint military brigade (LITPOLUKRBRIG), which was established in 2014; the brigade is headquartered in Poland and is comprised of an international staff, three battalions, and specialized units; units affiliated with the multinational brigade remain within the structures of the armed forces of their respective countries until the brigade is activated for participation in an international operation"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "the primary focus of the Ukrainian Armed Forces (UAF) is defense against Russian aggression; in February 2022, Russia launched an unprovoked full-scale invasion of Ukraine in what is the largest conflict in Europe since the end of World War II in 1945; as of 2024, the front line of the fighting stretched about 1,000 kilometers (some 600 miles) north and south in eastern and southern Ukraine; Russia’s forces have also launched missile and armed drone strikes throughout Ukraine, hitting critical infrastructure, including power, water, and heating facilities, as well as other civilian targets; Russia first invaded Ukraine in 2014, occupying Ukraine’s province of Crimea and backing separatist forces in the Donbas region with arms, equipment, and training, as well as special operations forces and regular troops, although Moscow denied their presence prior to 2022; the UAF has received considerable outside military assistance since the Russian invasion, including equipment and training, chiefly from Europe and the US <br><br>Ukraine has a relationship with NATO dating back to the early 1990s, when Ukraine joined the North Atlantic Cooperation Council (1991) and the Partnership for Peace program (1994); the relationship intensified in the wake of the 2014 Russia-Ukraine conflict and Russian seizure of Crimea to include NATO support for Ukrainian military capabilities development and capacity-building; NATO further increased its support to the Ukrainian military following Russia’s full-scale invasion in 2022 (2024)"
|
||||
"text": "the primary focus of the Ukrainian Armed Forces (UAF) is defense against Russian aggression; in February 2022, Russia launched an unprovoked full-scale invasion of Ukraine in what is the largest conflict in Europe since the end of World War II in 1945; as of 2024, the front line of the fighting stretched about 1,000 kilometers (some 600 miles) north and south in eastern and southern Ukraine; Russia’s forces have also launched missile and armed drone strikes throughout Ukraine, hitting critical infrastructure, including power, water, and heating facilities, as well as other civilian targets; Russia first invaded Ukraine in 2014, occupying Ukraine’s province of Crimea and backing separatist forces in the Donbas region with arms, equipment, and training, as well as special operations forces and regular troops, although Moscow denied their presence prior to 2022; the UAF has received considerable outside military assistance since the Russian invasion, including equipment and training, chiefly from Europe and the US <br><br>Ukraine has a relationship with NATO dating back to the early 1990s, when Ukraine joined the North Atlantic Cooperation Council (1991) and the Partnership for Peace program (1994); the relationship intensified in the wake of the 2014 Russia-Ukraine conflict and Russian seizure of Crimea to include NATO support for Ukrainian military capabilities development and capacity-building; NATO and individual NATO countries further increased support to the Ukrainian military following Russia’s full-scale invasion in 2022 (2024)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Space": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue