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4
africa/ag.json
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@ -1159,10 +1159,10 @@
"text": "approximately 140,000 ANP personnel (120,000 Army; 6,000 Navy; 14,000 Air Force); approximately 130,000 National Gendarmerie; approximately 200,000 General Directorate of National Security (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the ANP's inventory includes mostly Russian-sourced equipment; since 2010, Algeria has received arms from more than 15 countries, with Russia as the leading supplier (2021)"
"text": "the ANP's inventory includes mostly Russian-sourced equipment; since 2010, Algeria has received arms from more than 15 countries, with Russia as the leading supplier (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service (including women); 19-30 years of age for compulsory service (all Algerian men must register at age 17); conscript service obligation reduced from 18 to 12 months in 2014 (2021)",
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service (including women); 19-30 years of age for compulsory service (all Algerian men must register at age 17); conscript service obligation reduced from 18 to 12 months in 2014 (2022)",
"note": "note - as of 2020, conscripts comprised an estimated 70% of the military"
},
"Military - note": {

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africa/ao.json
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@ -286,7 +286,7 @@
"text": "2.5% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.22 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "0.21 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {
@ -1223,7 +1223,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "37,083 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 9,272 (Guinea), 6,357 (Cote d'Ivoire), 5,725 (Mauritania) (2022)"
"text": "37,082 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 9,272 (Guinea), 6,357 (Cote d'Ivoire), 5,725 (Mauritania) (2022)"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

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africa/bc.json
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@ -278,7 +278,7 @@
"text": "6.1% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.53 physicians/1,000 population (2016)"
"text": "0.38 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "1.8 beds/1,000 population"

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africa/bn.json
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@ -284,7 +284,7 @@
"text": "2.4% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.08 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
"text": "0.07 physicians/1,000 population (2019)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "0.5 beds/1,000 population"

2
africa/by.json
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@ -287,7 +287,7 @@
"text": "8% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.1 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "0.07 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "0.8 beds/1,000 population (2014)"

2
africa/cd.json
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@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
"text": "4.4% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.04 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "0.06 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {

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africa/cf.json
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@ -295,7 +295,7 @@
"text": "2.1% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.17 physicians/1,000 population (2011)"
"text": "0.1 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {

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africa/cg.json
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@ -297,7 +297,7 @@
"text": "3.5% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.07 physicians/1,000 population (2016)"
"text": "0.38 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {

2
africa/cm.json
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@ -294,7 +294,7 @@
"text": "3.6% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.09 physicians/1,000 population (2011)"
"text": "0.13 physicians/1,000 population (2019)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "1.3 beds/1,000 population"

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africa/cn.json
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@ -272,7 +272,7 @@
"text": "5.2% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.27 physicians/1,000 population (2016)"
"text": "0.26 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {

2
africa/ct.json
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@ -279,7 +279,7 @@
"text": "7.8% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.07 physicians/1,000 population (2015)"
"text": "0.07 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "1 beds/1,000 population (2011)"

2
africa/cv.json
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@ -271,7 +271,7 @@
"text": "4.9% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.78 physicians/1,000 population (2015)"
"text": "0.83 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "2.1 beds/1,000 population"

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africa/eg.json
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@ -303,7 +303,7 @@
"text": "4.7% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.45 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
"text": "0.75 physicians/1,000 population (2019)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "1.4 beds/1,000 population (2017)"
@ -1203,7 +1203,7 @@
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2021 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2020 est.)"
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2020)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2019) (approximately $15.8 billion)"
@ -1216,13 +1216,13 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "information varies; approximately 450,000 total active personnel (325,000 Army; 18,000 Navy; 30,000 Air Force; 75,000 Air Defense Command); approximately 300,000 Central Security Forces (2021)"
"text": "information varies; approximately 450,000 total active personnel (325,000 Army; 18,000 Navy; 30,000 Air Force; 75,000 Air Defense Command); approximately 300,000 Central Security Forces (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the EAF's inventory is comprised of a mix of domestically produced, imported Soviet-era, and more modern, particularly Western, weapons systems; in recent years, the EAF has embarked on an extensive equipment modernization program with major purchases from a variety of suppliers; since 2010, the leading suppliers of military hardware to Egypt are France, Russia, and the US; Egypt has an established defense industry that produces a range of products from small arms to armored vehicles and naval vessels; it also has licensed and co-production agreements with several countries (2021)"
"text": "the EAF's inventory is comprised of a mix of domestically produced, imported Soviet-era, and more modern, particularly Western, weapons systems; in recent years, the EAF has embarked on an extensive equipment modernization program with major purchases from a variety of suppliers; since 2010, the leading suppliers of military hardware to Egypt are France, Russia, and the US; Egypt has an established defense industry that produces a range of products from small arms to armored vehicles and naval vessels; it also has licensed and co-production agreements with several countries (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "voluntary enlistment possible from age 16 (men and women); 18-30 years of age for male conscript military service; service obligation - 14-36 months, followed by a 9-year reserve obligation; active service length depends on education; high school drop-outs serve for the full 36 months, while college graduates serve for lesser periods of time, depending on their education (2021)",
"text": "voluntary enlistment possible from age 16 (men and women); 18-30 years of age for male conscript military service; service obligation - 14-36 months, followed by a 9-year reserve obligation; active service length depends on education; high school drop-outs serve for the full 36 months, while college graduates serve for lesser periods of time, depending on their education (2022)",
"note": "note - as of 2020, conscripts were estimated to comprise over half of the military, as well as a considerable portion of the Central Security Force"
},
"Military deployments": {

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africa/er.json
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@ -275,7 +275,7 @@
"text": "4.5% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.06 physicians/1,000 population (2016)"
"text": "0.08 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "0.7 beds/1,000 population (2011)"

2
africa/et.json
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@ -296,7 +296,7 @@
"text": "3.2% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.08 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
"text": "0.11 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "0.3 beds/1,000 population (2016)"

2
africa/ga.json
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@ -291,7 +291,7 @@
"text": "3.8% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.1 physicians/1,000 population (2015)"
"text": "0.08 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "1.1 beds/1,000 population (2011)"

2
africa/gb.json
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@ -287,7 +287,7 @@
"text": "2.8% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.68 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "0.65 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "6.3 beds/1,000 population"

8
africa/gh.json
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@ -291,7 +291,7 @@
"text": "3.4% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.14 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "0.17 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "0.9 beds/1,000 population (2011)"
@ -1123,14 +1123,14 @@
}
},
"Pipelines": {
"text": "681.3 km gas, 11.4 km oil, 435 km refined products (2013)"
"text": "681.3 km gas, 11.4 km oil, 435 km refined products (2022)"
},
"Railways": {
"total": {
"text": "1,300 km (2014)"
"text": "947 km (2022)"
},
"narrow gauge": {
"text": "947 km (2014) 1.067-m gauge"
"text": "947 km (2022) 1.067-m gauge"
}
},
"Roadways": {

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africa/gv.json
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@ -284,7 +284,7 @@
"text": "4% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.08 physicians/1,000 population (2016)"
"text": "0.23 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "0.3 beds/1,000 population (2011)"

2
africa/iv.json
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@ -295,7 +295,7 @@
"text": "3.3% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.23 physicians/1,000 population (2014)"
"text": "0.16 physicians/1,000 population (2019)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {

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africa/ke.json
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@ -1212,19 +1212,19 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": " approximately 24,000 personnel (20,000 Army; 1,500 Navy; 2,500 Air Force) (2021)"
"text": "approximately 24,000 personnel (20,000 Army; 1,500 Navy; 2,500 Air Force) (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the KDF's inventory traditionally carried mostly older or second-hand Western weapons systems, particularly from France, the UK, and the US; however, since the 2000s it has sought to modernize and diversify its imports, and suppliers have included more than a dozen countries ranging from China to Italy, Jordan, and the US (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "no conscription; 18-26 years of age for male and female voluntary service (under 18 with parental consent; upper limit 30 years of age for specialists, tradesmen, or women with a diploma; 39 years of age for chaplains/imams), with a 9-year obligation (7 years for Kenyan Navy) and subsequent 3-year re-enlistments; applicants must be Kenyan citizens (2021)"
"text": "no conscription; 18-26 years of age for male and female voluntary service (under 18 with parental consent; upper limit 30 years of age for specialists, tradesmen, or women with a diploma; 39 years of age for chaplains/imams), with a 9-year obligation (7 years for Kenyan Navy) and subsequent 3-year re-enlistments; applicants must be Kenyan citizens (2022)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "260 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO); 3,650 Somalia (AMISOM) (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>Kenyan military forces intervened in Somalia in October 2011 to combat the al Qaida-affiliated al-Shabaab terrorist group, which had conducted numerous cross-border attacks into Kenya; in November 2011, the UN and the African Union invited Kenya to incorporate the force into the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM); Kenyan forces were formally integrated into AMISOM in February 2012; as of 2022, they consisted of approximately 3,600 troops and were responsible for AMISOM’s Sector 2 comprising Lower and Middle Jubba (see Appendix-T for additional details on al-Shabaab)</p>"
"text": "Kenyan military forces intervened in Somalia in October 2011 to combat the al Qaida-affiliated al-Shabaab terrorist group, which had conducted numerous cross-border attacks into Kenya; in November 2011, the UN and the African Union invited Kenya to incorporate the force into the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM); Kenyan forces were formally integrated into AMISOM in February 2012; as of 2022, they consisted of approximately 3,600 troops and were responsible for AMISOM’s Sector 2 comprising Lower and Middle Jubba (see Appendix-T for additional details on al-Shabaab) (2022)"
},
"Maritime threats": {
"text": "the International Maritime Bureau reports that shipping in territorial and offshore waters in the Indian Ocean remain at risk for piracy and armed robbery against ships"

6
africa/li.json
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@ -283,7 +283,7 @@
"text": "8.5% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.04 physicians/1,000 population (2015)"
"text": "0.05 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {
@ -990,10 +990,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "2.66 million (2018)"
"text": "1.653 million (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "55.57 (2019 est.)"
"text": "33 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

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africa/lt.json
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@ -279,7 +279,7 @@
"text": "11.3% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.07 physicians/1,000 population"
"text": "0.47 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {
@ -999,10 +999,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "1,562,648 (2020)"
"text": "1,562,648 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "72.94 (2020 est.)"
"text": "73 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

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africa/ly.json
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@ -930,10 +930,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "6.02 million (2018)"
"text": "2.922 million (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "91.48 (2019)"
"text": "43 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
@ -1086,7 +1086,7 @@
"text": "not available"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>in April 2019, Libyan National Army (LNA) forces launched an offensive to seize the capital, Tripoli, from the UN-recognized GNU (formerly known as the Government of National Accord or GNA); the GNU and its local supporting militia forces forced the LNA to withdraw by June 2020; at the signing of a UN-sponsored ceasefire in October 2020, GNU and LNA forces were separated by a line of control running roughly from the coastal city of Sirte south to the vicinity of Al Jufra and Brak; as of 2022, this line had grown increasingly fortified</p> <p>outside actors have played a large role in the fighting in Libya on both sides:</p> <p>as of 2022, GNU forces were backed militarily by Qatar and Turkey; Turkey has been the chief supporter; it signed a security agreement with the GNU in 2019, and Turkey’s aid was assessed as vital in turning back the LNA offensive in 2019-2020; Turkey’s support has included air defense, unmanned aerial vehicles (aka drones), equipment, weapons, training, and military personnel, including advisors, technicians, and equipment operators; in addition, Turkey has provided as many as 5,000 mercenary fighters from Syria</p> <p>as of 2022, LNA forces (aka Libyan Arab Armed Forces, LAAF) have received varying amounts of military support from Chad, Egypt, France, Jordan, Russia, Sudan, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE); Russia, Sudan, and the UAE have been the most active; Russia has provided equipment, weapons, aircraft, and air defense support, as well as an estimated 5,000 Russian mercenaries/private military contractors and Russian-sponsored Syrian mercenary fighters; Sudan reportedly provided at least 1,000 troops from its Rapid Support Forces in 2019-2020 and more than 1,000 Sudanese mercenaries were present in Libya as of late 2021; the UAE provided equipment, supplies, weapons, and air support, including air strikes from manned and unmanned aircraft; meanwhile, Egypt has provided arms, supplies, and training, as well as facilitated both Emirati and Russian operations in Libya by allowing them to use the country’s western bases and to transport arms over the border</p> <p>as of late 2021, it was estimated that as many as 20,000 third-country nationals were involved in military operations in Libya, despite the confidence building measure of the October 2020 ceasefire that called for all foreign forces to leave the country by early 2021; in addition to the military and proxy forces provided by Russia, Sudan, and Turkey, foreign fighters from Libya’s neighbors (Algeria, Chad, Egypt, Mali, Niger, and Tunisia, as well as Sudan) have travelled to Libya since the civil war began in 2011 to support various armed groups, including those aligned with the GNU and the LNA, as well as the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham and Al Qa’ida terrorist group affiliates operating in Libya; most of these fighters arrived as individuals, but rebel groups from Chad and Sudan were also reportedly involved in the fighting</p>"
"text": "<p>in April 2019, Libyan National Army (LNA) forces launched an offensive to seize the capital, Tripoli, from the UN-recognized GNA; the GNA and its local supporting militia forces forced the LNA to withdraw by June 2020; at the signing of a UN-mediated ceasefire in October 2020, the two sides were separated by a line of control running roughly from the coastal city of Sirte south to the vicinity of Al Jufra and Brak; as of 2022, this line had grown increasingly fortified</p> <p>outside actors have played a large role in the fighting in Libya on both sides:</p> <p>GNU forces were backed militarily by Qatar and Turkey; Turkey signed a security agreement with the GNA in 2019, and Turkey’s aid was assessed as vital in turning back the LNA offensive in 2019-2020; Turkey’s support included air defense, unmanned aerial vehicles (aka drones), equipment, weapons, training, and military personnel, including advisors, technicians, and equipment operators; in addition, Turkey provided mercenary fighters from Syria</p> <p>LNA forces (aka Libyan Arab Armed Forces, LAAF) has received varying amounts of military support from Chad, Egypt, France, Jordan, Russia, Sudan, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE); Russia, Sudan, and the UAE had been the most active; Russia provided equipment, weapons, aircraft, and air defense support, as well as Russian mercenaries/private military contractors and Russian-sponsored Syrian mercenary fighters; Sudan reportedly provided troops from its Rapid Support Forces in 2019-2020, and Sudanese mercenaries were present in Libya as of late 2021; the UAE provided equipment, supplies, weapons, and air support, including air strikes from manned and unmanned aircraft; Egypt provided arms, supplies, and training, as well as facilitated both Emirati and Russian operations in Libya by allowing them to use the country’s western bases and to transport arms over the border</p> <p>as of late 2021, it was estimated that as many as 20,000 third-country nationals were involved in military operations in Libya, despite the confidence building measure of the October 2020 ceasefire that called for all foreign forces to leave the country by early 2021; in addition to the foreign military and proxy forces, foreign fighters from Libya’s neighbors (Algeria, Chad, Egypt, Mali, Niger, and Tunisia, as well as Sudan) have travelled to Libya since the civil war began in 2011 to support various armed groups, including those aligned with the GNA/GNU and the LNA, as well as the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham and Al Qa’ida terrorist group affiliates operating in Libya; most of these fighters arrived as individuals, but rebel groups from Chad and Sudan were also reportedly involved in the fighting</p> (2022)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

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africa/ma.json
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@ -281,7 +281,7 @@
"text": "3.7% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.18 physicians/1,000 population (2014)"
"text": "0.2 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "0.2 beds/1,000 population"
@ -594,7 +594,7 @@
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate or Antenimieran-Doholona (reestablished on 22 January 2016, following the December 2015 senatorial election) (63 seats; 42 members indirectly elected by an electoral college of municipal, communal, regional, and provincial leaders and 21 appointed by the president of the republic; members serve 5-year terms); note - in December 2020 Pres RAJOELINA ordered that the senate now have only 18 seats, 6 of which are appointed by the president, the remaining 12 indirectly elected by an electoral college of municipal, communal, regional, and provincial leaders;<br>National Assembly or Antenimierampirenena (151 seats; 87 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 64 directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed-list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate or Antenimieran-Doholona (reestablished on 22 January 2016, following the December 2015 senatorial election) (63 seats; 42 members indirectly elected by an electoral college of municipal, communal, regional, and provincial leaders and 21 appointed by the president of the republic; members serve 5-year terms); note - in December 2020 President RAJOELINA ordered that the senate now have only 18 seats, 6 of which are appointed by the president, the remaining 12 indirectly elected by an electoral college of municipal, communal, regional, and provincial leaders;<br>National Assembly or Antenimierampirenena (151 seats; 87 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 64 directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed-list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held 29 December 2015 (scheduled for 2021; note - opposition parties boycotted this legislative election)<br>National Assembly - last held on 27 May 2019 (next to be held in 2024)"
@ -1012,10 +1012,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "10,654,710 (2018)"
"text": "15.869 million (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "40.57 (2018 est.)"
"text": "57 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
@ -1163,13 +1163,13 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 13,000 personnel (12,000 Army; 500 Navy; 500 Air Force); est. 10,000 Gendarmerie (2021)"
"text": "approximately 13,000 personnel (12,000 Army; 500 Navy; 500 Air Force); est. 10,000 Gendarmerie (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the PAF's inventory consists mostly of aging Soviet-era equipment; since 2010, it has received limited amounts of second-hand equipment from France, South Africa, and UAE (2021)"
"text": "the PAF's inventory consists mostly of aging Soviet-era equipment; since 2010, it has received limited amounts of second-hand equipment from France, South Africa, and UAE (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-25 years of age for males; service obligation 18 months; no conscription; women are permitted to serve in all branches (2021)"
"text": "18-25 years of age for males; service obligation 18 months; no conscription; women are permitted to serve in all branches (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "one of the military’s duties is assisting the gendarmerie with maintaining law and order in rural areas, particularly in areas affected by banditry, cattle rustling (cattle thieves are known as <em>dahalo</em>), and criminal groups (2022)"

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africa/mi.json
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@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
"text": "7.4% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.04 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
"text": "0.05 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "1.3 beds/1,000 population (2011)"
@ -1027,10 +1027,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "10,004,680 (2020)"
"text": "10,004,680 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "52.3 (2020 est.)"
"text": "52 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

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africa/ml.json
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@ -1038,7 +1038,7 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "25,315,598 (2020)"
"text": "25,315,598 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "125 (2020 est.)"
@ -1046,13 +1046,13 @@
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Mali&rsquo;s telecom systems are challenged by recent conflict, geography, areas of low population, poverty, security issues, and high illiteracy; telecom infrastructure is barely adequate in urban areas and not available in most of the country with underinvestment in fixed-line networks; high mobile penetration and potential for mobile broadband service; local plans for IXP; dependent on neighboring countries for international bandwidth and access to submarine cables; there are Chinese investment agreements for infrastructure; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2022)"
"text": "Mali&rsquo;s telecom systems are challenged by recent conflict, geography, areas of low population, poverty, security issues, and high illiteracy; telecom infrastructure is barely adequate in urban areas and not available in most of the country with underinvestment in fixed-line networks; high mobile penetration and potential for mobile broadband service; local plans for IXP; dependent on neighboring countries for international bandwidth and access to submarine cables; there are Chinese investment agreements for infrastructure; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line subscribership is over 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to 125 per 100 persons; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas (2020)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 223; satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean)"
"text": "country code - 223; satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2020)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation is slow; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments"
},
@ -1172,19 +1172,19 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "information varies; approximately 16,000 active personnel (15,000 Army; 1,000 Air Force); estimated 10-15,000 Gendarmerie and National Guard (2021)"
"text": "information varies; approximately 16,000 active personnel (15,000 Army; 1,000 Air Force); estimated 10-15,000 Gendarmerie and National Guard (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the FAMa's inventory consists primarily of Soviet-era equipment, although in recent years it has received limited quantities of mostly second-hand armaments from more than a dozen countries, including Russia (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for selective compulsory and voluntary military service (men and women); 2-year conscript service obligation (2021)"
"text": "18 years of age for selective compulsory and voluntary military service (men and women); 2-year conscript service obligation (2022)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "until announcing its withdrawal in May of 2022, Mali was part of a five-nation anti-jihadist task force known as the G5 Sahel Group, set up in 2014 with Burkina Faso, Chad, Mauritania, and Niger; Mali had committed 1,100 troops and 200 gendarmes to the force (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "prior to the coups in August 2020 and May 2021, the Malian military had intervened in the political arena at least five times since the country gained independence in 1960; two attempts failed (1976 and 1978), while three succeeded in overturning civilian rule (1968, 1991, and 2012); the military collapsed in 2012 during the fighting against Tuareg rebels and Islamic militants; it has been since rebuilt, but continues to have limited capabilities and is heavily reliant on external assistance <br><br>as of 2022, Malian security forces were actively conducting operations against separatist insurgent and terrorist groups, particularly in the central and northern regions of the country <br><br>the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) has operated in the country since 2013; the Mission's responsibilities include providing security, rebuilding Malian security forces, supporting national political dialogue, and assisting in the reestablishment of Malian government authority; as of February 2022, MINUSMA had around 14,000 personnel deployed<br><br>the European Union Training Mission in Mali (EUTM-M) and the French military (under a separate, bi-lateral mission) have also operated in the country since 2013; the EUTM-M provides advice and training to the Malian Armed Forces and military assistance to the G5 Sahel Joint Force; as 2021, the mission included almost 700 personnel from 25 European countries; as of early 2022, the French had approximately 2,400 troops providing military assistance and conducting counter-terrorism/counter-insurgency operations; note - in February 2022, France announced it would remove its personnel from Mali, citing obstructions from the ruling military government; in April of 2022, the EU said it would halt its training program in Mali<br><br>in December 2021, the Malian military government contracted with a Russian private military company to provide training for local armed forces and security to senior Malian officials"
"text": "prior to the coup in August 2020 and military takeover in May 2021, the Malian military had intervened in the political arena at least five times since the country gained independence in 1960; two attempts failed (1976 and 1978), while three succeeded in overturning civilian rule (1968, 1991, and 2012); the military collapsed in 2012 during the fighting against Tuareg rebels and Islamic militants; it has been since rebuilt, but continues to have limited capabilities and is heavily reliant on external assistance <br><br>as of 2022, Malian security forces were actively conducting operations against separatist insurgent and terrorist groups, particularly in the central and northern regions of the country <br><br>the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) has operated in the country since 2013; the Mission's responsibilities include providing security, rebuilding Malian security forces, protecting civilians, supporting national political dialogue, and assisting in the reestablishment of Malian government authority; as of February 2022, MINUSMA had around 14,000 personnel deployed<br><br>the European Union Training Mission in Mali (EUTM-M) and the French military (under a separate, bi-lateral mission) have also operated in the country since 2013; the EUTM-M provides advice and training to the Malian Armed Forces and military assistance to the G5 Sahel Joint Force; as 2021, the mission included almost 700 personnel from 25 European countries; as of early 2022, the French had approximately 2,400 troops providing military assistance and conducting counter-terrorism/counter-insurgency operations; note - in February 2022, France and European members of the French-led Task Force Takuba announced they would remove their personnel from Mali, citing obstructions from the ruling military government; in April of 2022, the EU said it would halt its training program in Mali<br><br>in December 2021, the Malian military government contracted with a Russian private military company to provide training for local armed forces and security to senior Malian officials (2022)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

4
africa/mo.json
View file

@ -1049,10 +1049,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "49,421,023 (2020)"
"text": "49,421,023 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "133.9 (2020 est.)"
"text": "134 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

12
africa/mp.json
View file

@ -273,7 +273,7 @@
"text": "6.2% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "2.6 physicians/1,000 population (2019)"
"text": "2.71 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "3.7 beds/1,000 population (2020)"
@ -952,10 +952,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "1,912,900 (2019)"
"text": "1,912,900 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "150.4 (2019 est.)"
"text": "150 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
@ -1085,13 +1085,13 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 1,700 Special Mobile Force; approximately 800 National Coast Guard (2021)"
"text": "approximately 1,700 Special Mobile Force; approximately 800 National Coast Guard (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the MPF's inventory is comprised of mostly second-hand equipment from Western European countries and India; since 2010, India has been the primary supplier (2021)"
"text": "the MPF's inventory is comprised of mostly second-hand equipment from Western European countries and India; since 2010, India has been the primary supplier (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "service is voluntary (2021)"
"text": "service is voluntary (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>as of 2022, the country’s primary security partner was India, and Indian naval vessels often patrol Mauritian waters; the MPF has also received assistance and training from France, the UK, and the US; the MPF’s chief security concerns are piracy and narcotics trafficking</p> <p>the paramilitary Special Mobile Force was created in 1960 following the withdrawal of the British garrison</p>"

14
africa/mr.json
View file

@ -633,7 +633,7 @@
"text": "Alliance for Justice and Democracy/Movement for Renewal or AJD/MR [Ibrahima Moctar SARR]<br>Burst of Youth for the Nation [Lalla Mint CHERIF]<br>Coalition of Majority Parties or CPM (includes UPR, UDP) and smaller parties<br>El Karama Party [Cheikhna Ould Mohamed Ould HAJBOU]<br>El Vadila Party [Ethmane Ould Ahmed ABOULMAALY]<br>National Rally for Reform and Development or RNRD-TAWASSOUL [Mohamed Mahmoud Ould SEYIDI]<br>Party of Unity and Development or PUD [Mohamed BARO]<br>Popular Progressive Alliance or APP [Messaoud Ould BOULKHEIR]<br>Rally of Democratic Forces or RFD [Ahmed Ould DADDAH]<br>Ravah Party [ Mohamed Ould VALL]<br>Republican Party for Democracy and Renewal or PRDR [Mintata Mint HEDEID]<br>Union for Democracy and Progress or UDP [Naha Mint MOUKNASS]<br>Union of Progress Forces [Mohamed Ould MAOULOUD]<br>Union for the Republic or UPR [Sidi Mohamed Ould Taleb AMAR]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ABEDA, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, CAEU (candidate), EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MIUSMA, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ABEDA, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, CAEU, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MIUSMA, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -654,7 +654,7 @@
},
"Diplomatic representation from the US": {
"chief of mission": {
"text": "Ambassador Cynthia KIERSCHT (since 27 January 2021)"
"text": "Ambassador Cynthia KIERSCHT (since 29 March 2021)"
},
"embassy": {
"text": "Nouadhibou Road, Avenue Al Quds, NOT PRTZ, Nouakchott<br><br>  "
@ -1036,10 +1036,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "4,932,571 (2020)"
"text": "4,932,571 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "106.1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "106 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
@ -1184,13 +1184,13 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 16,000 active personnel (15,000 Army; 700 Navy; 300 Air Force); est. 3,000 Gendarmerie; est. 2,000 National Guard (2021)"
"text": "approximately 16,000 active personnel (15,000 Army; 700 Navy; 300 Air Force); est. 3,000 Gendarmerie; est. 2,000 National Guard (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Mauritanian Armed Forces' inventory is limited and made up largely of older French and Soviet-era equipment; since 2010, Mauritania has received a limited amount of mostly secondhand military equipment from a variety of suppliers, with China as the leading provider (2021)"
"text": "the Mauritanian Armed Forces' inventory is limited and made up largely of older French and Soviet-era equipment; since 2010, Mauritania has received a limited amount of mostly secondhand military equipment from a variety of suppliers, with China as the leading provider (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2021)"
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2022)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "460 (plus about 320 police) Central African Republic (MINUSCA) (Feb 2022)",

6
africa/mz.json
View file

@ -289,7 +289,7 @@
"text": "7.8% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.08 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
"text": "0.09 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "0.7 beds/1,000 population (2011)"
@ -1043,10 +1043,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "14,773,364 (2019)"
"text": "15,463,226 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "48.65 (2019 est.)"
"text": "49 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

12
africa/ng.json
View file

@ -286,7 +286,7 @@
"text": "5.7% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.04 physicians/1,000 population (2016)"
"text": "0.04 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "0.4 beds/1,000 population (2017)"
@ -1039,10 +1039,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "8,778,880 (2018)"
"text": "14.239 million (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "40.64 (2019 est.)"
"text": "59 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
@ -1177,13 +1177,13 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "information varies; approximately 10,000 active troops (est. 6,000 Army; 200 Air Force; 4,000 Gendarmerie); est. 3,000 National Guard (2021)"
"text": "information varies; approximately 10,000 active troops (est. 6,000 Army; 200 Air Force; 4,000 Gendarmerie); est. 3,000 National Guard (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the FAN's inventory consists of a wide variety of older weapons; since 2010, the FAN has received small amounts of mostly second-hand equipment and donations from several countries with the US as the top provider (2021)"
"text": "the FAN's inventory consists of a wide variety of older weapons; since 2010, the FAN has received small amounts of mostly second-hand equipment and donations from several countries with the US as the top provider (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "has conscription, although it is reportedly not always enforced; 18 is the legal minimum age for compulsory or voluntary military service; enlistees must be Nigerien citizens and unmarried; 2-year service term; women may serve in health care (2021)"
"text": "has conscription, although it is reportedly not always enforced; 18 is the legal minimum age for compulsory or voluntary military service; enlistees must be Nigerien citizens and unmarried; 2-year service term; women may serve in health care (2022)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "870 Mali (MINUSMA) (Feb 2022)",

8
africa/ni.json
View file

@ -349,7 +349,7 @@
"aerosolized dust or soil contact diseases": {
"text": "Lassa fever"
},
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> on 30 September 2021, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a Travel Health Notice for a Yellow Fever outbreak in Nigeria; a large, ongoing outbreak of yellow fever in Nigeria began in September 2017; the outbreak is now spread throughout the country with the Nigerian Ministry of Health reporting cases of the disease in in multiple states (Bauchi, Benue, Delta, Ebonyi, and Enugu); the CDC recommends travelers going to Nigeria should receive vaccination against yellow fever at least 10 days before travel and should take steps to prevent mosquito bites while there; those never vaccinated against yellow fever should avoid travel to Nigeria during the outbreak<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Nigeria; as of 30 March 2022, Nigeria has reported a total of 255,341 cases of COVID-19 or 123.86 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 3,142 cumulative deaths or a rate of 1.52 cumulative death per 100,000 population; as of 29 March 2022, 9.95% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine<br> <strong>note 3: </strong>on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Nigeria is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and <em>that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus</em>; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine"
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> on 30 September 2021, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a Travel Health Notice for a Yellow Fever outbreak in Nigeria; a large, ongoing outbreak of yellow fever in Nigeria began in September 2017; the outbreak is now spread throughout the country with the Nigerian Ministry of Health reporting cases of the disease in in multiple states (Bauchi, Benue, Delta, Ebonyi, and Enugu); the CDC recommends travelers going to Nigeria should receive vaccination against yellow fever at least 10 days before travel and should take steps to prevent mosquito bites while there; those never vaccinated against yellow fever should avoid travel to Nigeria during the outbreak<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Nigeria; as of 6 June 2022, Nigeria has reported a total of 256,148 cases of COVID-19 or 124.3 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 3,148 cumulative deaths or a rate of 1.5 cumulative death per 100,000 population; as of 22 May 2022, 12.97% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine<br> <strong>note 3: </strong>on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Nigeria is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and <em>that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus</em>; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine"
},
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
"text": "8.9% (2016)"
@ -494,7 +494,7 @@
"aerosolized dust or soil contact diseases": {
"text": "Lassa fever"
},
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> on 30 September 2021, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a Travel Health Notice for a Yellow Fever outbreak in Nigeria; a large, ongoing outbreak of yellow fever in Nigeria began in September 2017; the outbreak is now spread throughout the country with the Nigerian Ministry of Health reporting cases of the disease in in multiple states (Bauchi, Benue, Delta, Ebonyi, and Enugu); the CDC recommends travelers going to Nigeria should receive vaccination against yellow fever at least 10 days before travel and should take steps to prevent mosquito bites while there; those never vaccinated against yellow fever should avoid travel to Nigeria during the outbreak<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Nigeria; as of 30 March 2022, Nigeria has reported a total of 255,341 cases of COVID-19 or 123.86 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 3,142 cumulative deaths or a rate of 1.52 cumulative death per 100,000 population; as of 29 March 2022, 9.95% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine<br> <strong>note 3: </strong>on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Nigeria is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and <em>that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus</em>; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine"
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> on 30 September 2021, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a Travel Health Notice for a Yellow Fever outbreak in Nigeria; a large, ongoing outbreak of yellow fever in Nigeria began in September 2017; the outbreak is now spread throughout the country with the Nigerian Ministry of Health reporting cases of the disease in in multiple states (Bauchi, Benue, Delta, Ebonyi, and Enugu); the CDC recommends travelers going to Nigeria should receive vaccination against yellow fever at least 10 days before travel and should take steps to prevent mosquito bites while there; those never vaccinated against yellow fever should avoid travel to Nigeria during the outbreak<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Nigeria; as of 6 June 2022, Nigeria has reported a total of 256,148 cases of COVID-19 or 124.3 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 3,148 cumulative deaths or a rate of 1.5 cumulative death per 100,000 population; as of 22 May 2022, 12.97% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine<br> <strong>note 3: </strong>on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Nigeria is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and <em>that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus</em>; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine"
},
"Food insecurity": {
"widespread lack of access": {
@ -1066,10 +1066,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "184.592 million (2019)"
"text": "204,228,678 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "91.85 (2019 est.)"
"text": "99 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

6
africa/od.json
View file

@ -1026,14 +1026,14 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "the South Sudan People’s Defense Force (SSPDF) has an estimated 150-200,000 active personnel, mostly ground forces with small contingents of air and riverine forces (2021)",
"text": "estimated 150-200,000 active personnel, mostly ground forces with small contingents of air and riverine forces (2022)",
"note": "note(s) - some active SSPDF personnel may be militia; the National Unified Forces will have about 80,000 troops from the SSPDF and armed opposition groups when it is formed"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the SSPDF inventory is primarily of Soviet origin; from 2010 to 2015, Russia and the United Arab Emirates were the leading suppliers of arms and equipment; South Sudan has been under a UN arms embargo since 2018 (2021)"
"text": "the SSPDF inventory is primarily of Soviet origin; from 2010 to 2015, Russia and the United Arab Emirates were the leading suppliers of arms and equipment; South Sudan has been under a UN arms embargo since 2018 (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for compulsory (men) and voluntary (men and women) military service; 12-24 months service (2021)",
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for compulsory (men) and voluntary (men and women) military service; 12-24 months service (2022)",
"note": "note - in 2019, women made up less than 10% of the active military"
},
"Military - note": {

2
africa/pu.json
View file

@ -276,7 +276,7 @@
"text": "8.4% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.13 physicians/1,000 population (2016)"
"text": "0.2 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {

6
africa/rw.json
View file

@ -289,7 +289,7 @@
"text": "6.4% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.13 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
"text": "0.12 physicians/1,000 population (2019)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {
@ -1007,10 +1007,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "9,658,550 (2019)"
"text": "10,614,408 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "76.49 (2019)"
"text": "82 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

16
africa/se.json
View file

@ -270,7 +270,7 @@
"text": "5.2% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "2.12 physicians/1,000 population (2016)"
"text": "2.25 physicians/1,000 population (2019)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "3.6 beds/1,000 population (2011)"
@ -938,10 +938,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "193,672 (2019)"
"text": "183,498 (2020)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "198.15 (2019)"
"text": "187 (2020)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
@ -1057,7 +1057,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Seychelles People’s Defense Forces (SPDF): Army (includes infantry, special forces, and a presidential security unit), Coast Guard, and Air Force; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Seychelles Police Force (includes unarmed police and an armed paramilitary Police Special Support Wing, the Anti-Narcotics Bureau, and the Marine Police Unit) (2022)<br><br>note - the military reports to the president, who acts as minister of defense  ",
"text": "Seychelles Defense Forces (SDF): Army (includes infantry, special forces, and a presidential security unit), Coast Guard, and Air Force; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Seychelles Police Force (includes unarmed police and an armed paramilitary Police Special Support Wing, the Anti-Narcotics Bureau, and the Marine Police Unit) (2022)<br><br>note - the military reports to the president, who acts as minister of defense  ",
"note": "note - the military reports to the president, who acts as minister of defense &nbsp;"
},
"Military expenditures": {
@ -1078,16 +1078,16 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "the Seychelles People&rsquo;s Defense Forces (SPDF) have approximately 500 personnel (2021)"
"text": "approximately 500 personnel (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the SPDF's inventory primarily consists of Soviet-era equipment delivered in the 1970s and 1980s; since 2010, the SPDF has received limited amounts of more modern equipment (mostly donations of patrol boats and aircraft) from several suppliers led by China and India (2021)"
"text": "the SDF's inventory primarily consists of Soviet-era equipment delivered in the 1970s and 1980s; since 2010, the SDF has received limited amounts of more modern equipment (mostly donations of patrol boats and aircraft) from several suppliers led by China and India (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-28 (18-25 for officers) years of age for voluntary military service (including women); 6-year initial commitment; no conscription (2021)"
"text": "18-28 (18-25 for officers) years of age for voluntary military service (including women); 6-year initial commitment; no conscription (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "formed in 1977, the SPDF's primary responsibility is maritime security, particularly countering illegal fishing, piracy, and drug smuggling (2022)"
"text": "formed in 1977, the SDF's primary responsibility is maritime security, particularly countering illegal fishing, piracy, and drug smuggling (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

6
africa/sf.json
View file

@ -296,7 +296,7 @@
"text": "9.1% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.91 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "0.79 physicians/1,000 population (2019)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {
@ -337,7 +337,7 @@
"water contact diseases": {
"text": "schistosomiasis"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout South Africa; as of 30 March 2022, South Africa has reported a total of 3,715,390 cases of COVID-19 or 6,264.49 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 99,976 cumulative deaths or a rate of 168.56 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 29 March 2022, 34.8% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout South Africa; as of 6 June 2022, South Africa has reported a total of 3,968,205 cases of COVID-19 or 6,690.7 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 101,317 cumulative deaths or a rate of 170.83 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 6 June 2022, 36.33% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
},
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
"text": "28.3% (2016)"
@ -465,7 +465,7 @@
"water contact diseases": {
"text": "schistosomiasis"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout South Africa; as of 30 March 2022, South Africa has reported a total of 3,715,390 cases of COVID-19 or 6,264.49 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 99,976 cumulative deaths or a rate of 168.56 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 29 March 2022, 34.8% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout South Africa; as of 6 June 2022, South Africa has reported a total of 3,968,205 cases of COVID-19 or 6,690.7 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 101,317 cumulative deaths or a rate of 170.83 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 6 June 2022, 36.33% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {

6
africa/sg.json
View file

@ -292,7 +292,7 @@
"text": "4.1% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.07 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "0.09 physicians/1,000 population (2019)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {
@ -1040,10 +1040,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "17,880,600 (2019)"
"text": "19,078,948 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "109.72 (2019)"
"text": "114 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

4
africa/sh.json
View file

@ -668,10 +668,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "4,000 (2018)"
"text": "4,000 (2018 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "66.58 (2019)"
"text": "67 (2019 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

6
africa/sl.json
View file

@ -286,7 +286,7 @@
"text": "8.8% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.03 physicians/1,000 population (2011)"
"text": "0.07 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {
@ -1000,10 +1000,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "6,729,800 (2019)"
"text": "6,884,201 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "86.13 (2019)"
"text": "86 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

20
africa/su.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Long referred to as Nubia, modern-day Sudan was the site of the Kingdom of Kerma (ca. 2500-1500 B.C.) until it was absorbed into the New Kingdom of Egypt. By the 11th century B.C., the Kingdom of Kush gained independence from Egypt; it lasted in various forms until the middle of the 4th century A.D. After the fall of Kush, the Nubians formed three Christian kingdoms of Nobatia, Makuria, and Alodia. The latter two endured until around 1500. Between the 14th and 15th centuries much of Sudan was settled by Arab nomads, and between the 16th–19th centuries it underwent extensive Islamization. Following Egyptian occupation early in the 19th century, the British established an Anglo-Egyptian Sudan - nominally a condominium, but in effect a British colony. <br><br>Military regimes favoring Islamic-oriented governments have dominated national politics since Sudan gained independence from Anglo-Egyptian co-rule in 1956. The 30-year reign of President Umar Hassan Ahmad al-BASHIR, following months of nationwide protests, ended with the military forcing him out in April 2019. In July 2019, the country’s Transitional Military Council signed an agreement with the Forces for Freedom and Change (an umbrella group of civilian actors) to form a transitional government under a Constitutional Declaration. Economist and former international civil servant Abdalla HAMDOUK al-Kinani was selected to serve as prime minister of a civilian-led transitional government, which was to have guided the country to credible democratic elections in late 2022. In October 2021, the Sudanese military organized a takeover that ousted Prime Minister HAMDOUK and his government and replaced civilian members of the Sovereign Council (Sudan’s collective Head of State) with individuals selected by the military. HAMDOUK was briefly reinstated in November 2021, but resigned in January 2022.</p> <p>As of March 2022, General Abd-al-Fatah al-BURHAN Abd-al-Rahman, the Chair of Sudan’s Sovereign Council and Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces, serves as de facto head of state and government. He presides over a Sovereign Council consisting of military leaders, former armed opposition group representatives, and civilians appointed by the military. A cabinet of acting ministers handles day-to-day administration. These acting ministers are either senior civil servants (some appointed by former Prime Minister HAMDOUK and some selected by the military) or hold-over ministers from Prime Minister HAMDOUK’s former cabinet who were appointed by former armed opposition groups that the military allowed to remain in their positions. The UN, the African Union, and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development are currently facilitating a Sudanese-led political process intended to enable Sudanese civilian and military stakeholders to agree on the framework for a new civilian-led transitional government. <br><br>During most of the second half of the 20th century, Sudan was embroiled in two prolonged civil wars rooted in northern economic, political, and social domination of the largely non-Muslim, non-Arab southern portion of the country. The first civil war ended in 1972, but another broke out in 1983. Peace talks gained momentum in 2002-04, and the final North/South Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), signed in January 2005, granted the southern rebels autonomy for six years followed by a referendum on independence for Southern Sudan. South Sudan became independent on 9 July 2011, but Sudan and South Sudan have yet to fully implement security and economic agreements relating to the normalization of relations between the two countries. <br><br>In the 21st century, Sudan faced conflict in Darfur, Southern Kordofan, and Blue Nile starting in 2003. Together, these conflicts displaced more than 3 million people; while some repatriation has taken place, about 2.28 million IDPs remained in Sudan as of December 2020. Sudan also faces refugee influxes from neighboring countries, primarily Central African Republic, Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and South Sudan.</p> <p> </p>"
"text": "<p>Long referred to as Nubia, modern-day Sudan was the site of the Kingdom of Kerma (ca. 2500-1500 B.C.) until it was absorbed into the New Kingdom of Egypt. By the 11th century B.C., the Kingdom of Kush gained independence from Egypt; it lasted in various forms until the middle of the 4th century A.D. After the fall of Kush, the Nubians formed three Christian kingdoms of Nobatia, Makuria, and Alodia. The latter two endured until around 1500. Between the 14th and 15th centuries much of Sudan was settled by Arab nomads, and between the 16th–19th centuries it underwent extensive Islamization. Following Egyptian occupation early in the 19th century, the British established an Anglo-Egyptian Sudan - nominally a condominium, but in effect a British colony. <br><br>Military regimes favoring Islamic-oriented governments have dominated national politics since Sudan gained independence from Anglo-Egyptian co-rule in 1956. The 30-year reign of President Omar Hassan Ahmad al-BASHIR, following months of nationwide protests, ended with the military forcing him out in April 2019. In July 2019, the country’s Transitional Military Council signed an agreement with the Forces for Freedom and Change (an umbrella group of civilian actors) to form a transitional government under a Constitutional Declaration. Economist and former international civil servant Abdalla HAMDOUK al-Kinani was selected to serve as prime minister of a civilian-led transitional government, which was to have guided the country to credible democratic elections in late 2022. In October 2021, the Sudanese military organized a takeover that ousted Prime Minister HAMDOUK and his government and replaced civilian members of the Sovereign Council (Sudan’s collective Head of State) with individuals selected by the military. HAMDOUK was briefly reinstated in November 2021, but resigned in January 2022.</p> <p>As of March 2022, General Abd-al-Fatah al-BURHAN Abd-al-Rahman, the Chair of Sudan’s Sovereign Council and Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces, serves as de facto head of state and government. He presides over a Sovereign Council consisting of military leaders, former armed opposition group representatives, and civilians appointed by the military. A cabinet of acting ministers handles day-to-day administration. These acting ministers are either senior civil servants (some appointed by former Prime Minister HAMDOUK and some selected by the military) or hold-over ministers from Prime Minister HAMDOUK’s former cabinet who were appointed by former armed opposition groups that the military allowed to remain in their positions. The UN, the African Union, and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development are currently facilitating a Sudanese-led political process intended to enable Sudanese civilian and military stakeholders to agree on the framework for a new civilian-led transitional government. <br><br>During most of the second half of the 20th century, Sudan was embroiled in two prolonged civil wars rooted in northern economic, political, and social domination of the largely non-Muslim, non-Arab southern portion of the country. The first civil war ended in 1972, but another broke out in 1983. Peace talks gained momentum in 2002-04, and the final North/South Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), signed in January 2005, granted the southern rebels autonomy for six years followed by a referendum on independence for Southern Sudan. South Sudan became independent on 9 July 2011, but Sudan and South Sudan have yet to fully implement security and economic agreements relating to the normalization of relations between the two countries. <br><br>In the 21st century, Sudan faced conflict in Darfur, Southern Kordofan, and Blue Nile starting in 2003. Together, these conflicts displaced more than 3 million people; while some repatriation has taken place, about 2.28 million IDPs remained in Sudan as of December 2020. Sudan also faces refugee influxes from neighboring countries, primarily Central African Republic, Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and South Sudan.</p> <p> </p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -587,10 +587,10 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "<p>Sovereign Council Chair and Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces General Abd-al-Fatah al-BURHAN Abd-al-Rahman (de facto); note – the 2019 Constitutional Declaration established a collective chief of state the \"Sovereign Council,\" which was chaired by al-BURHAN; on 25 October 2021, al-BURHAN dissolved the Sovereign Council but subsequently reinstated it on 11 November 2021 replacing its civilian members (previously selected by the umbrella civilian coalition the Forces for Freedom and Change) with civilians of the military’s choosing; the Sovereign Council currently consists of five military appointed civilians, five generals, and three representatives selected by former armed opposition groups</p>"
"text": "Sovereign Council Chair and Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces General Abd-al-Fatah al-BURHAN Abd-al-Rahman (de facto); note &ndash; the 2019 Constitutional Declaration established a collective chief of state the \"Sovereign Council,\" which was chaired by al-BURHAN; on 25 October 2021, al-BURHAN dissolved the Sovereign Council but subsequently reinstated it on 11 November 2021 replacing its civilian members (previously selected by the umbrella civilian coalition the Forces for Freedom and Change) with civilians of the military&rsquo;s choosing; the Sovereign Council currently consists of five military appointed civilians, five generals, and three representatives selected by former armed opposition groups"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Sovereign Council Chair and Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces General Abd-al-Fatah al-BURHAN Abd-al-Rahman (de facto); note &ndash;the 2019 Constitutional Declaration calls for the appointment of a civilian Prime Minister; Prime Minister Abdallah HAMDOUK (since August 2019, ousted by military in October 2021 and then reinstated November 2021) resigned on 2 January 2022; he has not been replaced and Gen. BURHAN has effectively assumed his role"
"text": "Sovereign Council Chair and Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces General Abd-al-Fatah al-BURHAN Abd-al-Rahman (de facto); note &ndash; the 2019 Constitutional Declaration calls for the appointment of a civilian Prime Minister; Prime Minister Abdallah HAMDOUK (since August 2019, ousted by military in October 2021 and then reinstated November 2021) resigned on 2 January 2022; he has not been replaced and Gen. BURHAN has effectively assumed his role"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "most members of the Council of Ministers were forced from office in October 2021 by the military and subsequently resigned in November 2021; the military allowed a handful of ministers appointed by former armed opposition groups to retain their posts; at present, most of the members of the Council are senior civil servants serving in an acting minister capacity appointed either by Prime Minister HAMDOUK prior to his resignation or by the military"
@ -625,7 +625,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Democratic Unionist Party or DUP [Jalal al-DIGAIR]<br>Democratic Unionist Party [Muhammad Uthman al-MIRGHANI]<br>Federal Umma Party [Dr. Ahmed Babikir NAHAR]<br>Muslim Brotherhood or MB<br>National Congress Party or NCP (in November 2019, Sudan's transitional government approved a law to \"dismantle\" the regime of former President Omar al-Bashir, including the dissolution of his political party, the NCP) <br>National Umma Party or NUP [Saddiq al-MAHDI]<br>Popular Congress Party or PCP [Hassan al-TURABI]<br>Reform Movement Now [Dr. Ghazi Salahuddin al-ATABANI]Sudan National Front [Ali Mahmud HASANAYN]<br>Sudanese Communist Party or SCP [Mohammed Moktar Al-KHATEEB]<br>Sudanese Congress Party or SCoP [Ibrahim Al-SHEIKH]<br>Umma Party for Reform and Development<br>Unionist Movement Party or UMP"
"text": "Democratic Unionist Party [Muhammad Uthman al-MIRGHANI]<br>Democratic Unionist Party or DUP [Babika BABIKER]<br>Federal Umma Party [Dr. Ahmed Babikir NAHAR]<br>Muslim Brotherhood or MB [Sadig Abdalla ABDELMAJID and Dr. Yousif Al-Hibir Nor-ELDAYIM<br>National Congress Party or NCP (in November 2019, Sudan's transitional government approved a law to \"dismantle\" the regime of former President Omar al-Bashir, including the dissolution of his political party, the NCP) <br>National Umma Party or NUP [Fadlallah Baramah NASSER]<br>Popular Congress Party or PCP [Nawal Al-KHIDIR]<br>Reform Movement Now [Dr. Ghazi Salahuddin al-ATABANI]Sudan National Front [Ali Mahmud HASANAYN]<br>Sudanese Communist Party or SCP [Mohammed Moktar Al-KHATEEB]<br>Sudanese Congress Party or SCoP [Omar El DIGAIR]<br>Umma Party for Reform and Development [Mubarak Al-Fadul Al-MAHDI]<br>Unionist Movement Party or UMP [led by DUP Chair Mohammed Osama Al-MERGHANI]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ABEDA, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AU, CAEU, COMESA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)"
@ -649,7 +649,7 @@
},
"Diplomatic representation from the US": {
"chief of mission": {
"text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Lucy TAMLYN &nbsp;(since February &nbsp;2022)"
"text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Lucy TAMLYN &nbsp;(since 3 February &nbsp;2022)"
},
"embassy": {
"text": "P.O. Box 699, Kilo 10, Soba, Khartoum"
@ -1186,10 +1186,10 @@
"text": "information varies widely; estimated 100-125,000 SAF troops; approximately 30-40,000 Rapid Support Forces (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the SAF's inventory includes a mix of Chinese, Russian, Soviet-era, Ukrainian, and domestically-produced weapons systems; since 2010, the leading arms providers to the SAF are Belarus, China, Russia, and Ukraine; North Korea has also provided arms; Sudan has a domestic arms industry that manufactures ammunition, small arms, and armored vehicles, largely based on older Chinese and Russian systems (2021)"
"text": "the SAF's inventory includes a mix of Chinese, Russian, Soviet-era, Ukrainian, and domestically-produced weapons systems; since 2010, the leading arms providers to the SAF are Belarus, China, Russia, and Ukraine; North Korea has also provided arms; Sudan has a domestic arms industry that manufactures ammunition, small arms, and armored vehicles, largely based on older Chinese and Russian systems (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-33 years of age for male and female compulsory or voluntary military service; 1-2 year service obligation (2021)",
"text": "18-33 years of age for male and female compulsory or voluntary military service; 1-2 year service obligation (2022)",
"note": "note - implementation of conscription is reportedly uneven"
},
"Military deployments": {
@ -1206,7 +1206,7 @@
},
"Transnational Issues": {
"Disputes - international": {
"text": "<p>the effects of Sudan's ethnic and rebel militia fighting since the mid-20th century have penetrated all of the neighboring states; Chad wishes to be a helpful mediator in resolving the Darfur conflict, and in 2010 established a joint border monitoring force with Sudan, which has helped to reduce cross-border banditry and violence; civil unrest in eastern Sudan has hampered efforts to demarcate the porous boundary with Ethiopia; as of early 2019, more than 590,000 Sudanese refugees are being hosted in the Central African Republic, Chad, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, and South Sudan; Sudan, in turn, is hosting more than 975,000 refugees and asylum seekers, including more than 845,000 from South Sudan; Sudan accuses South Sudan of supporting Sudanese rebel groups; Sudan claims but Egypt de facto administers security and economic development of the Halaib region north of the 22nd parallel boundary; periodic violent skirmishes with Sudanese residents over water and grazing rights persist among related pastoral populations along the border with the Central African Republic; South Sudan-Sudan boundary represents 1 January 1956 alignment, final alignment pending negotiations and demarcation; final sovereignty status of Abyei Area pending negotiations between South Sudan and Sudan</p>"
"text": "ethnic and rebel militia fighting in Sudan since the mid-20th century have impacted most neighboring states; the Dafur conflict has repeatedly impacted Sudan's relations with Chad; after briefly severing diplomatic relations, Chad-Sudan normalized relations and in 2010 established a joint border monitoring force to deter cross-border banditry and violence; Chad subsequently played a constructive role in attempting to resolve the Dafur conflict; civil unrest in eastern Sudan has hampered efforts to demarcate and police the porous boundary with Ethiopia and Eritrea; as of early 2019, more than 590,000 Sudanese refugees are being hosted in the Central African Republic, Chad, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, and South Sudan; Sudan, in turn, is hosting more than 975,000 refugees and asylum seekers, including more than 845,000 from South Sudan; Sudan accuses South Sudan of supporting Sudanese rebel groups; Sudan claims but Egypt de facto administers the Halaib region north of the 22nd parallel boundary; Sudan and Ethiopia both claim the Al-Fashaga region and conflict broke out there in 2018; periodic violent skirmishes with Sudanese residents over water and grazing rights persist among related pastoral populations along the border with the Central African Republic; the South Sudan-Sudan boundary represents 1 January 1956 alignment, final alignment pending negotiations and demarcation; final sovereignty status of Abyei Area pending negotiations between South Sudan and Sudan"
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
@ -1218,10 +1218,10 @@
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "Sudan is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children who are subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; traffickers exploit homeless children and unaccompanied migrant children from West and Central Africa in forced labor for begging, public transportation, large markets, and in sex trafficking; business owners, informal mining operators, community members, and farmers exploit children in brick-making factories, gold mining, collecting medical waste, street vending, and agriculture; children are exposed to threats, physical and sexual abuse, and hazardous working conditions; criminal groups exploit Sudanese women and girls from rural areas in domestic work and in sex trafficking; Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces, a semi-autonomous paramilitary branch of the government, recruited child soldiers; Eritrean, Ethiopian, and other Africans refugees at government encampments risk exploitation"
"text": "Sudan is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children who are subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; traffickers exploit homeless children and unaccompanied migrant children from West and Central Africa in forced labor for begging, public transportation, large markets, and in sex trafficking; business owners, informal mining operators, community members, and farmers exploit children in brick-making factories, gold mining, collecting medical waste, street vending, and agriculture; children are exposed to threats, physical and sexual abuse, and hazardous working conditions; criminal groups exploit Sudanese women and girls from rural areas in domestic work and in sex trafficking; Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces, a semi-autonomous paramilitary branch of the government, have been accused of recruiting child soldiers, which they deny; Eritrean, Ethiopian, and other Africans refugees at government encampments risk exploitation"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; Sudan does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; authorities prosecuted more suspected traffickers and launched an awareness campaign; the government streamlined its national anti-trafficking mechanism and focused resources on the National Committee to Combat Human Trafficking; a national action plan was drafted, finalized, and approved; Sudanese Armed Forces officials launched a unit for child protection efforts in conflict areas and trained more than 5,000 members of its military on child protection issues; however, the Rapid Support Forces, a semi-autonomous paramilitary branch of the government, recruited child soldiers; the government has not developed a system to identify, demobilize, and rehabilitate victims; officials&rsquo; denial of trafficking, smuggling, and kidnapping for ransom impeded anti-trafficking efforts; investigations and convictions of trafficking crimes decreased; Sudan was granted a waiver per the Trafficking Victims Protection Act from an otherwise required downgrade to Tier 3; Sudan remained on Tier 2 Watch List for the third consecutive year (2020)"
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; Sudan does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; authorities prosecuted more suspected traffickers and launched an awareness campaign; the government streamlined its national anti-trafficking mechanism and focused resources on the National Committee to Combat Human Trafficking; a national action plan was drafted, finalized, and approved; Sudanese Armed Forces officials launched a unit for child protection efforts in conflict areas and trained more than 5,000 members of its military on child protection issues; however, the Rapid Support Forces, a semi-autonomous paramilitary branch of the government, is reported to have recruited child soldiers and government authorities have acknowledged there are child soldiers among demobilizing forces covered under the 2020 Juba Peace Agreement; the government has not developed a system to identify, demobilize, and rehabilitate victims; officials&rsquo; denial of trafficking, smuggling, and kidnapping for ransom impeded anti-trafficking efforts; investigations and convictions of trafficking crimes decreased; Sudan was granted a waiver per the Trafficking Victims Protection Act from an otherwise required downgrade to Tier 3; Sudan remained on Tier 2 Watch List for the third consecutive year (2020)"
}
}
}

10
africa/to.json
View file

@ -282,7 +282,7 @@
"text": "5.7% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.08 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
"text": "0.08 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "0.7 beds/1,000 population (2011)"
@ -1122,7 +1122,7 @@
},
"Roadways": {
"total": {
"text": "11,734 km (2081)"
"text": "11,734 km (2018)"
},
"paved": {
"text": "1,794 km (2018)"
@ -1153,8 +1153,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Togolese Armed Forces (Forces Armees Togolaise, FAT): Togolese Army (l'Armee de Terre), Togolese Navy (Forces Naval Togolaises), Togolese Air Force (Armee de l’Air), National Gendarmerie (2021)",
"note": "note - the Gendarmerie falls under the Ministry of Defense but also reports to the Ministry of Security and Civil Protection on many matters involving law enforcement and internal security"
"text": "Togolese Armed Forces (Forces Armees Togolaise, FAT): Togolese Army (l'Armee de Terre), Togolese Navy (Forces Naval Togolaises), Togolese Air Force (Armee de l’Air), National Gendarmerie (2022)",
"note": "note - the Gendarmerie falls under the Ministry of the Armed Forces but also reports to the Ministry of Security and Civil Protection on many matters involving law enforcement and internal security"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
@ -1186,7 +1186,7 @@
"text": "730 (plus about 300 police) Mali (MINUSMA) (Feb 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the first Togolese Army unit was created in 1963, while the Air Force was established in 1964; the Navy was not established until 1976; since its creation, the Togolese military has a history of interfering in the country’s politics with assassinations, coups, influence, and a large military crackdown in 2005 that killed hundreds; over the past decade, it has made some efforts to reform and professionalize; over the same period, the military has increased its role in UN peacekeeping activities and as of 2021, more than 10% of the Army was deployed on peacekeeping missions; Togolese police have also been deployed on peacekeeping operations, and Togo maintains a regional peacekeeping training center for military and police in Lome; the Navy and Air Force have increasingly focused on combating piracy and smuggling in the Gulf of Guinea</p>"
"text": "the first Togolese Army unit was created in 1963, while the Air Force was established in 1964; the Navy was not established until 1976; since its creation, the Togolese military has a history of interfering in the country&rsquo;s politics with assassinations, coups, influence, and a large military crackdown in 2005 that killed hundreds; over the past decade, it has made some efforts to reform and professionalize, as well as increase its role in UN peacekeeping activities; Togolese police have also been deployed on peacekeeping operations, and Togo maintains a regional peacekeeping training center for military and police in Lome; the Navy and Air Force have increasingly focused on combating piracy and smuggling in the Gulf of Guinea (2022)"
},
"Maritime threats": {
"text": "the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial and offshore waters in the Niger Delta and Gulf of Guinea remain a very high risk for piracy and armed robbery of ships; in 2021, there were 34 reported incidents of piracy and armed robbery at sea in the Gulf of Guinea region; although a significant decrease from the total number of 81 incidents in 2020, it included the one hijacking and three of five ships fired upon worldwide; while boarding and attempted boarding to steal valuables from ships and crews are the most common types of incidents, almost a third of all incidents involve a hijacking and/or kidnapping; in 2021, 57 crew members were kidnapped in seven separate incidents in the Gulf of Guinea, representing 100% of kidnappings worldwide; Nigerian pirates in particular are well armed and very aggressive, operating as far as 200 nm offshore; the Maritime Administration of the US Department of Transportation has issued a Maritime Advisory (2022-001 - Gulf of Guinea-Piracy/Armed Robbery/Kidnapping for Ransom) effective 4 January 2022, which states in part, \"Piracy, armed robbery, and kidnapping for ransom continue to serve as significant threats to US-flagged vessels transiting or operating in the Gulf of Guinea\""

6
africa/tp.json
View file

@ -272,7 +272,7 @@
"text": "5.5% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.05 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "0.49 physicians/1,000 population (2019)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "2.9 beds/1,000 population (2011)"
@ -973,10 +973,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "165,761 (2019)"
"text": "174,203 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "77.08 (2019)"
"text": "79 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

16
africa/ts.json
View file

@ -997,10 +997,10 @@
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Tunisia has one of the most sophisticated telecom infrastructures in North Africa; penetration rates for mobile and Internet services are among the highest in the region; government program of regulation and infrastructure projects aims to improve Internet connectivity to underserved areas; operators built extensive LTE infrastructure in 2019, and are developing 5G networks and services; Chinese company Huawei invested in LTE network; operator planning nano-satellite launches in 2023; Internet censorship abolished, though concerns of government surveillance remain; legislation passed in 2017 supporting e-commerce and active e-government; importer of integrated circuits and broadcasting equipment from China (2020)"
"text": "Tunisia has one of the most sophisticated telecom infrastructures in North Africa; penetration rates for mobile and Internet services are among the highest in the region; government program of regulation and infrastructure projects aims to improve Internet connectivity to underserved areas; operators built extensive LTE infrastructure in 2019, and continue to discuss plans for future 5G networks and services; People&rsquo;s Republic of China (PRC) company Huawei sold equipment to operators for Tunisia&rsquo;s LTE networks; one operator has signed an agreement to pursue nano-satellite launches in 2023; Internet censorship abolished, though concerns of government surveillance remain; legislation passed in 2017 supporting e-commerce and active e-government; importer of some integrated circuits and broadcasting equipment (including radio, television, and communications transmitters) from the PRC (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "in an effort to jumpstart expansion of the fixed-line network, the government awarded a concession to build and operate a VSAT network with international connectivity; rural areas are served by wireless local loops; competition between several mobile-cellular service providers has resulted in lower activation and usage charges and a surge in subscribership; fixed-line is nearly 13 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity has reached about 126 telephones per 100 persons (2020)"
"text": "in an effort to jumpstart expansion of the fixed-line network, the government awarded a concession to build and operate a VSAT network with international connectivity; rural areas are served by wireless local loops; competition between several mobile-cellular service providers has resulted in lower activation and usage charges and a surge in subscribership; fixed-line is nearly 14.1 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity has reached about 132 telephones per 100 persons (2022)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 216; landing points for the SEA-ME-WE-4, Didon, HANNIBAL System and Trapani-Kelibia&nbsp;submarine cable systems that provides links to Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Asia and Southeast Asia; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Algeria and Libya; participant in Medarabtel; 2 international gateway digital switches (2020)"
@ -1008,7 +1008,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments"
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 state-owned TV station with multiple transmission sites; 5 private TV stations broadcast locally; cable TV service is available; state-owned radio network with 2 stations; several dozen private radio stations and a few community radio stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters available (2019)"
"text": "2 state-owned TV stations; 10 private TV stations broadcast locally; satellite TV service is available; state-owned radio network with 2 stations; several dozen private radio stations and community radio stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters available (2019)"
},
"Internet country code": {
"text": ".tn"
@ -1122,7 +1122,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Tunisian Armed Forces (Forces Armees Tunisiennes, FAT): Tunisian Army (includes Tunisian Air Defense Force), Tunisian Navy, Tunisia Air Force; Ministry of Interior: National Police, National Guard (2021)",
"text": "Tunisian Armed Forces (Forces Armées Tunisiennes, FAT): Tunisian Army (includes Air Defense Force), Tunisian Navy, Tunisia Air Force; Ministry of Interior: National Police, National Guard (2022)",
"note": "note - the National Police has primary responsibility for law enforcement in the major cities, while the National Guard (gendarmerie) oversees border security and patrols smaller towns and rural areas"
},
"Military expenditures": {
@ -1143,17 +1143,17 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 35,000 active personnel (25,000 Army; 5,000 Navy; 5,000 Air Force); est. 10,000 National Guard (2021)"
"text": "approximately 35,000 active personnel (25,000 Army; 5,000 Navy; 5,000 Air Force); est. 10,000 National Guard (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Tunisian military's inventory includes mostly older or secondhand US and European equipment; since 2010, the Netherlands and US are the leading suppliers of arms to Tunisia (2021)"
"text": "the Tunisian military's inventory includes mostly older or secondhand US and European equipment; since 2010, the Netherlands and US are the leading suppliers of arms to Tunisia (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "men 20-23 years of age for compulsory service, 1-year service obligation; individuals engaged in higher education or vocational training programs prior to their military drafting are allowed to delay service until they have completed their programs; 18-23 years of age for voluntary service; women may volunteer (2021)",
"text": "men 20-23 years of age for compulsory service, 1-year service obligation; individuals engaged in higher education or vocational training programs prior to their military drafting are allowed to delay service until they have completed their programs; 18-23 years of age for voluntary service; women may volunteer (2022)",
"note": "note(s) - as of 2021, approximately 20-25,000 active military personnel were conscripts; women have been allowed in the service since 1975 as volunteers only, although as recently as 2018, the Tunisian Government has discussed the possibility of conscripting women; as of 2018, women constituted less than 7% of the military and served in all three services"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>as of 2022, the Tunisian military’s primary operational areas of focus were counter-terrorism, counterinsurgency, and border security; it was conducting counter-terrorism and counterinsurgency operations against al-Qa’ida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) and Islamic State of ash-Sham (ISIS)-linked militants who have been fighting a low-intensity insurgency, mostly in the mountainous region along the border with Algeria, particularly the Chaambi Mountains near the city of Kasserine; the military maintained the lead role for security in this area and also routinely conducted joint operations with Algerian security forces against these  groups, as well to counter smuggling and trafficking activities; the military in recent years also has increased its role in securing the southern border against militant activity, smuggling, and trafficking from war-torn Libya; since 2015, Tunisia has constructed a complex structure of berms, trenches, and water-filled moats, complemented by electronic surveillance equipment such as motion detectors, ground surveillance radars, and infrared sensors along the 220-kilometer border with Libya; in the remote southern areas of the border with Libya, buffer/exclusion zones have also been established where the military has the lead for counter-terrorism efforts; outside of these border areas, the Ministry of Interior has the lead responsibility for counter-terrorism in Tunisia, particularly for urban areas; the National Police Anti-Terrorism Brigade (BAT) and the National Guard Special Unit have the lead for MOI counterterrorism operations<br><br>Tunisia has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments</p>"
"text": "<p>as of 2022, the Tunisian military’s primary operational areas of focus were counter-terrorism, counterinsurgency, and border security; it was conducting counter-terrorism and counterinsurgency operations against al-Qa’ida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) and Islamic State of ash-Sham (ISIS)-linked militants who have been fighting a low-intensity insurgency, mostly in the mountainous region along the border with Algeria, particularly the Chaambi Mountains near the city of Kasserine; the military maintained the lead role for security in this area and also routinely conducted joint operations with Algerian security forces against these groups, as well to counter smuggling and trafficking activities; the military in recent years also has increased its role in securing the southern border against militant activity, smuggling, and trafficking from war-torn Libya; since 2015, Tunisia has constructed a complex structure of berms, trenches, and water-filled moats, complemented by electronic surveillance equipment such as motion detectors, ground surveillance radars, and infrared sensors along the 220-kilometer border with Libya; in the remote southern areas of the border with Libya, buffer/exclusion zones have also been established where the military has the lead for counter-terrorism efforts; outside of these border areas, the Ministry of Interior has the lead responsibility for counter-terrorism in Tunisia, particularly for urban areas; the National Police Anti-Terrorism Brigade (BAT) and the National Guard Special Unit have the lead for MOI counterterrorism operations<br><br>Tunisia has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments</p>"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

28
africa/tz.json
View file

@ -299,7 +299,7 @@
"text": "3.8% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.01 physicians/1,000 population (2016)"
"text": "0.05 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "0.7 beds/1,000 population"
@ -1056,7 +1056,7 @@
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Tanzania&rsquo;s telecom services are being developed to reach parity with more advanced networks from neighboring countries such as Kenya and fierce competition exists amongst Tanzania's 5 major mobile network operators; one fixed-line operator with competition in mobile networks; high tariffs on telecom; mobile use remains popular, with the government subsidizing expansion of mobile networks into rural communities; most mobile networks rely on older 2G and 3G technology with 4G/LTE service available in urban centers; the government is currently testing 5G technology and plans to begin rolling out 5G service in 2024; the government continues to improve rural telecom infrastructure including work on a national fiber backbone network connecting the entire population (2022)"
"text": "Tanzania&rsquo;s telecom services are being developed to reach parity with more advanced networks from neighboring countries such as Kenya and fierce competition exists amongst Tanzania's 5 major mobile network operators; one fixed-line operator with competition in mobile networks; high tariffs on telecom; mobile use remains popular, with the government subsidizing expansion of mobile networks into rural communities; most mobile networks rely on older 2G and 3G technology with 4G/LTE service available in urban centers; the government is currently testing 5G technology and plans to begin rolling out 5G service in 2024; the government continues to improve rural telecom infrastructure including work on a national fiber backbone network connecting the entire population (2020)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line telephone network inadequate with less than 1 connection per 100 persons; mobile-cellular service, aided by multiple providers, is increasing rapidly and exceeds 82 telephones per 100 persons; trunk service provided by open-wire, microwave radio relay, tropospheric scatter, and fiber-optic cable; some links being made digital (2019)"
@ -1151,28 +1151,28 @@
},
"Railways": {
"total": {
"text": "4,097 km"
"text": "4,097 km (2022)"
},
"standard gauge": {
"text": "421 km"
"text": "421 km (2022)"
},
"narrow gauge": {
"text": "1,969 km (2014) 1.067 m gauge"
"text": "969 km (2022) 1.067 m gauge"
},
"broad gauge": {
"text": "2,707 km 1.000 m guage"
"text": "2,707 km (2022) 1.000 m guage"
},
"note": "2707 km 1.000-m gauge"
},
"Roadways": {
"total": {
"text": "145,203 km"
"text": "145,203 km (2022)"
},
"paved": {
"text": "11,201 km (2015)"
"text": "11,201 km (2022)"
},
"unpaved": {
"text": "135,002 km"
"text": "134,002 km (2022)"
}
},
"Waterways": {
@ -1195,7 +1195,7 @@
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Tanzania People's Defense Forces (TPDF or Jeshi la Wananchi la Tanzania, JWTZ): Land Forces, Naval Forces, Air Force, National Building Army (Jeshi la Kujenga Taifa, JKT), People's Militia (Reserves); Ministry of Home Affairs: Tanzania Police force (includes paramilitary Police Field Force) (2022)",
"note": "note - the National Building Army is a paramilitary organization under the Defense Forces that provides 6 months of military and vocational training to individuals as part of their 2 years of public service; after completion of training, some graduates join the regular Defense Forces while the remainder become part of the People's (or Citizen's) Militia"
"note": "note(s) - the National Building Army is a paramilitary organization under the Defense Forces that provides 6 months of military and vocational training to individuals as part of their 2 years of public service; after completion of training, some graduates join the regular Defense Forces while the remainder become part of the People's (or Citizen's) Militia; the Police Field Force (aka Field Force Unit) is a special police division with the responsibility for controlling unlawful demonstrations and riots"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
@ -1215,13 +1215,13 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 25,000 active personnel (21,000 Land Forces; 1,000 Naval Forces; 3,000 Air Force) (2021)"
"text": "approximately 25,000 active personnel (21,000 Land Forces; 1,000 Naval Forces; 3,000 Air Force) (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the TPDF inventory includes mostly Soviet-era and Chinese equipment; since 2010, China is the leading supplier of arms to the TPDF (2021)"
"text": "the TPDF inventory includes mostly Soviet-era and Chinese equipment; since 2010, China is the leading supplier of arms to the TPDF (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service; 6-year commitment (2-year contracts afterwards); selective conscription for 2 years of public service (2021)"
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service; 6-year commitment (2-year contracts afterwards); selective conscription for 2 years of public service (2022)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "450 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 850 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO); 125 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (Feb 2022)"
@ -1257,7 +1257,7 @@
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>significant transit country for illicit drugs in East Africa; international drug-trafficking organizations and courier networks transit through Tanzania to smuggle heroin and methamphetamine from Southwest Asia; produces cannabis products and khat for domestic consumption and regional and international distribution; traffickers influence politicians, law enforcement, and others in positions of power with money</p>"
"text": "<p>significant transit country for illicit drugs in East Africa; international drug-trafficking organizations and courier networks transit through Tanzania to smuggle heroin and methamphetamine from Southwest Asia; produces cannabis products and khat for domestic consumption and regional and international distribution; traffickers influence politicians, law enforcement, and others in positions of power with money</p> (2021)"
}
}
}

10
africa/ug.json
View file

@ -281,7 +281,7 @@
"text": "3.8% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.17 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "0.15 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "0.5 beds/1,000 population"
@ -1162,8 +1162,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Uganda People's Defense Force (UPDF): Land Forces, Air Forces, Marine Forces, Special Forces Command, Reserve Force (2021)",
"note": "note - in 2018, President MUSEVENI created a volunteer force of Local Defense Units under the military to beef up local security in designated parts of the country"
"text": "Uganda People's Defense Force (UPDF): Land Forces, Air Forces, Marine Forces, Special Forces Command, Reserve Force (2022)",
"note": "note(s) - the Special Forces Command is a separate branch within the UPDF; it evolved from the former Presidential Guard Brigade and continues to have presidential protection duties in addition to its conventional missions, such as counterinsurgency; in 2018, President MUSEVENI created a volunteer force of Local Defense Units under the military to beef up local security in designated parts of the country"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
@ -1193,10 +1193,10 @@
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military duty (men and women); 9-year service obligation (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "6,800 Somalia (6,200 AMISOM; 620 UNSOM); 250 Equatorial Guinea (2022)"
"text": "6,800 Somalia (6,200 AMISOM; 620 UNSOM); 250 Equatorial Guinea (training mission) (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the UPDF, which is constitutionally granted seats in parliament, is widely viewed as a key constituency for MUSEVENI; it has been used by MUSEVENI and the NRM to break up rallies, raid opposition offices, and surveil rival candidates</p> <p>as of 2022, the UPDF was conducting operations along the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo (including cross-border operations) against a Congo-based (and formerly based in western Uganda) Ugandan rebel group, the Allied Democratic Front (ADF), which was designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the US State Department in March 2021 as the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (ISIS-DRC; see Appendix T); in addition, elements of the UPDF were deployed in the northeast region of Karamoja against cattle rustlers and criminal gangs</p> <p>beginning in 2012, the UPDF led regional efforts to pursue the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), a small, violent group of Ugandan origin that conducted widespread attacks against civilians in much of Central Africa; the UPDF withdrew from the mission in 2017 after declaring that the LRA no longer posed a security threat</p> <p>Uganda intervened in the South Sudan civil war in 2013-2016 and UPDF forces have clashed with South Sudanese forces along the border as recently as 2020<br><br>the military traces its history back to the formation of the Uganda Rifles in 1895; the Uganda Rifles were merged with the Central Africa Regiment and the East Africa Rifles to form the King’s African Rifles (“KAR”) in 1902, which participated in both world wars; the UPDF was established in 1995</p>"
"text": "<p>the UPDF, which is constitutionally granted seats in parliament, is widely viewed as a key constituency for MUSEVENI; it has been used by MUSEVENI and the NRM to break up rallies, raid opposition offices, and surveil rival candidates<br><br>as of 2022, the UPDF was conducting operations along the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo (including cross-border operations) against a Congo-based (and formerly based in western Uganda) Ugandan rebel group, the Allied Democratic Front (ADF), which was designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the US State Department in March 2021 as the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (ISIS-DRC; see Appendix T); in addition, elements of the UPDF were deployed in the northeast region of Karamoja against cattle rustlers and criminal gangs</p> <p>beginning in 2012, the UPDF led regional efforts to pursue the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), a small, violent group of Ugandan origin that conducted widespread attacks against civilians in much of Central Africa; the UPDF withdrew from the mission in 2017 after declaring that the LRA no longer posed a security threat</p> <p>Uganda intervened in the South Sudan civil war in 2013-2016 and UPDF forces have clashed with South Sudanese forces along the border as recently as 2020<br><br>the military traces its history back to the formation of the Uganda Rifles in 1895; the Uganda Rifles were merged with the Central Africa Regiment and the East Africa Rifles to form the King’s African Rifles (“KAR”) in 1902, which participated in both world wars; the UPDF was established in 1995</p>"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

2
africa/uv.json
View file

@ -279,7 +279,7 @@
"text": "5.5% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.09 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "0.09 physicians/1,000 population (2019)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "0.4 beds/1,000 population"

6
africa/wa.json
View file

@ -291,7 +291,7 @@
"text": "8.5% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.42 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
"text": "0.59 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "2.7 beds/1,000 population"
@ -1027,10 +1027,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "2,594,382 (2020)"
"text": "2,898,125 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "102.1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "114 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

2
africa/wz.json
View file

@ -269,7 +269,7 @@
"text": "6.8% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.33 physicians/1,000 population (2016)"
"text": "0.14 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "2.1 beds/1,000 population (2011)"

9
africa/za.json
View file

@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
"text": "5.3% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "1.19 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
"text": "1.17 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "2 beds/1,000 population"
@ -1173,7 +1173,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Zambia Defense Force (ZDF): Zambia Army, Zambia Air Force, Zambia National Service (support organization that also does public work projects); Defense Force Medical Service; Ministry of Home Affairs: Zambia Police (includes a paramilitary battalion) (2021)"
"text": "Zambia Defense Force (ZDF): Zambia Army, Zambia Air Force, Zambia National Service; Defense Force Medical Service; Ministry of Home Affairs and Internal Security: Zambia Police (includes a paramilitary battalion) (2022)",
"note": "note - the Zambia National Service is a support organization that also does public work projects"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
@ -1193,7 +1194,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "the Zambia Defense Force (ZDF) has approximately 17,000 active troops (15,000 Army; 2,000 Air) (2021)"
"text": "the Zambia Defense Force (ZDF) has approximately 17,000 active troops (15,000 Army; 2,000 Air) (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the ZDF's inventory is largely comprised of Chinese, Russian, and Soviet-era armaments; since 2010, China is the leading supplier of arms to Zambia (2021)"
@ -1205,7 +1206,7 @@
"text": "925 Central African Republic (MINUSCA) (Feb 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the Zambian Defense Force (ZDF) traces its roots to the Northern Rhodesia Regiment, which was raised by the British colonial government to fight in World War II; the ZDF was established in 1964 from units of the dissolved Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland armed forces; it participated in a number of regional conflicts during the 1970s and 1980s; Zambia actively supported independence movements such as the Union for the Total Liberation of Angola (UNITA), the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU), the African National Congress of South Africa (ANC), and the South-West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO)</p>"
"text": "the Zambian Defense Force (ZDF) traces its roots to the Northern Rhodesia Regiment, which was raised by the British colonial government to fight in World War II; the ZDF was established in 1964 from units of the dissolved Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland armed forces; it participated in a number of regional conflicts during the 1970s and 1980s; Zambia actively supported independence movements such as the Union for the Total Liberation of Angola (UNITA), the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU), the African National Congress of South Africa (ANC), and the South-West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO) (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

8
africa/zi.json
View file

@ -282,7 +282,7 @@
"text": "7.7% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.21 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
"text": "0.2 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "1.7 beds/1,000 population (2011)"
@ -1149,7 +1149,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Zimbabwe Defense Forces (ZDF): Zimbabwe National Army (ZNA), Air Force of Zimbabwe (AFZ) (2021)"
"text": "Zimbabwe Defense Forces (ZDF): Zimbabwe National Army (ZNA), Air Force of Zimbabwe (AFZ) (2022)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
@ -1169,7 +1169,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "information varies; approximately 30,000 active duty troops, including about 4,000 serving in the Air Force (2021)"
"text": "information varies; approximately 30,000 active duty troops, including about 4,000 Air Force personnel (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the ZDF inventory is comprised mostly of older Chinese- and Russian-origin equipment; since the early 2000s, Zimbabwe has been under an arms embargo from the European Union, as well as targeted sanctions from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the UK, and the US (2021)"
@ -1178,7 +1178,7 @@
"text": "18-22 years of age for voluntary military service (18-24 for officer cadets; 18-30 for technical/specialist personnel); no conscription; women are eligible to serve (2021)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the ZDF was formed after independence from the former Rhodesian Army and the two guerrilla forces that opposed it during the Rhodesian Civil War (aka \"Bush War\") of the 1970s, the Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA) and the Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA); internal security is a key current responsibility, and the military continues to play an active role in the country&rsquo;s politics since the coup of 2017 (2021)"
"text": "the ZDF was formed after independence from the former Rhodesian Army and the two guerrilla forces that opposed it during the Rhodesian Civil War (aka \"Bush War\") of the 1970s, the Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA) and the Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA); internal security is a key current responsibility, and the military continues to play an active role in the country&rsquo;s politics since the coup of 2017 (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

4
australia-oceania/as.json
View file

@ -298,7 +298,7 @@
"text": "9.9% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "3.68 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "4.13 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "3.8 beds/1,000 population (2016)"
@ -1021,7 +1021,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note</strong>: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments"
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) runs multiple national and local radio networks and TV stations, as well as ABC Australia, a TV service that broadcasts in the Asia-Pacific region and is the main public broadcaster; Special Broadcasting Service (SBS), a second large public broadcaster, operates radio and TV networks broadcasting in multiple languages; several large national commercial TV networks, a large number of local commercial TV stations, and hundreds of commercial radio stations are accessible; cable and satellite systems are available"
"text": "the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) runs multiple national and local radio networks and TV stations, as well as ABC Australia, a TV service that broadcasts in the Asia-Pacific region and is the main public broadcaster; Special Broadcasting Service (SBS), a second large public broadcaster, operates radio and TV networks broadcasting in multiple languages; several large national commercial TV networks, a large number of local commercial TV stations, and hundreds of commercial radio stations are accessible; cable and satellite systems are available (2022)"
},
"Internet country code": {
"text": ".au"

2
australia-oceania/cq.json
View file

@ -690,7 +690,7 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "20,474 (2004)"
"text": "20,474 (2004 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "36 (2004)"

4
australia-oceania/fm.json
View file

@ -875,10 +875,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "23,114 (2018)"
"text": "22,000 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "20.74 (2019 est.)"
"text": "19 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

3
australia-oceania/fp.json
View file

@ -265,9 +265,6 @@
"Current Health Expenditure": {
"text": "NA"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "2.13 physicians/1,000 population (2009)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {
"text": "urban: NA"

7
australia-oceania/nc.json
View file

@ -266,9 +266,6 @@
"Current Health Expenditure": {
"text": "NA"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "2.22 physicians/1,000 population (2009)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {
"text": "urban: NA"
@ -841,10 +838,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "260,277 (2019)"
"text": "260,000 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "96.02 (2019 est.)"
"text": "91 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

5
australia-oceania/nh.json
View file

@ -1038,10 +1038,11 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "no regular military forces; Vanuatu Police Force (VPF; includes Vanuatu Mobile Force (VMF) and Police Maritime Wing (VPMW)) (2021)"
"text": "no regular military forces; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Vanuatu Police Force (VPF; includes Vanuatu Mobile Force (VMF) and Police Maritime Wing (VPMW)) (2022)",
"note": "note - the paramilitary Vanuatu Mobile Force also has external security responsibilities"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the separate British and French police forces were unified in 1980 under Ni-Vanuatu officers as the New Hebrides Constabulary; the force retained some British and French officers as advisors; the Constabulary was subsequently renamed the Vanuatu Police Force later in 1980</p> <p>as of 2021, the Vanuatu Mobile Force had received training and other support from Australia, China, France, New Zealand, and the US</p>"
"text": "the separate British and French police forces were unified in 1980 under Ni-Vanuatu officers as the New Hebrides Constabulary; the force retained some British and French officers as advisors; the Constabulary was subsequently renamed the Vanuatu Police Force later in 1980<br><br>the Vanuatu Mobile Force has received training and other support from Australia, China, France, New Zealand, and the US (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

4
australia-oceania/nr.json
View file

@ -844,10 +844,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "10,000 (2018)"
"text": "10,000 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "94.58 (2019 est.)"
"text": "92 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

6
australia-oceania/nz.json
View file

@ -287,7 +287,7 @@
"text": "9.7% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "3.59 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
"text": "3.62 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "2.6 beds/1,000 population (2019)"
@ -976,10 +976,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "6.4 million (2018)"
"text": "6.148 million (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "136.1 (2019 est.)"
"text": "127 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

6
australia-oceania/ps.json
View file

@ -268,7 +268,7 @@
"text": "15.2% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "1.42 physicians/1,000 population (2014)"
"text": "1.77 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {
@ -843,10 +843,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "23,743 (2018)"
"text": "24,000 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "134.41 (2019 est.)"
"text": "133 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

4
australia-oceania/rm.json
View file

@ -927,10 +927,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "16,000 (2018)"
"text": "16,000 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "27.56 (2019 est.)"
"text": "27 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

5
australia-oceania/tl.json
View file

@ -224,9 +224,6 @@
"Current Health Expenditure": {
"text": "NA"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "2.72 physicians/1,000 population (2010)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {
"text": "urban: NA"
@ -379,7 +376,7 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General of New Zealand Governor General Dame Patricia Lee REDDY (since 28 September 2016); New Zealand is represented by Administrator Ross ARDERN (since May 2018)"
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General of New Zealand Governor General Dame Cindy KIRO (since 21 September 2021); New Zealand is represented by Administrator Ross ARDERN (since May 2018)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "(Ulu o Tokelau) Kelihiano KALOLO (since 8 March 2021); note - position rotates annually among the three Faipule (village leaders) of the atolls"

8
australia-oceania/tn.json
View file

@ -272,7 +272,7 @@
"text": "5% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.54 physicians/1,000 population (2013)"
"text": "0.95 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {
@ -1062,7 +1062,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Tonga Defense Services (His Majesty's Armed Forces): Joint Force headquarters, Territorial Forces, Land Force, Tonga Navy, Training Wing, Air Wing, and Support Unit (2021)"
"text": "His Majesty's Armed Forces Tonga (Tonga Defense Services): Joint Force headquarters, Tonga Royal Guard, Land Force (Royal Tongan Marines), Tonga Navy, Training Wing, Air Wing, and Support Unit (2022)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
@ -1082,7 +1082,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "the Tonga Defense Services have approximately 500 personnel (2021)"
"text": "approximately 650 personnel (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Tonga military's inventory includes mostly light weapons and equipment from European (primarily the UK) countries and the US, as well as naval patrol vessels from Australia; Australia is the only supplier of military systems since 2010 (2021)"
@ -1091,7 +1091,7 @@
"text": "men and women, 18-25, may volunteer; no conscription (2021)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>Tonga participated in World War I as part of the New Zealand Expeditionary Force, but the Tonga Defense Force (TDF) was not established until 1939 at the beginning of World War II; in 1943, New Zealand helped train about 2,000 Tongan troops who saw action in the Solomon Islands; the TDF was disbanded at the end of the war, but was reactivated in 1946 as the Tonga Defense Services (TDS); in 2013, the name of the TDS was changed to His Majesty’s Armed Forces of Tonga (HMAF); Tongan troops deployed to Iraq from 2004-2008 and Afghanistan to support UK forces from 2010-2014</p>"
"text": "Tonga participated in World War I as part of the New Zealand Expeditionary Force, but the Tonga Defense Force (TDF) was not established until 1939 at the beginning of World War II; in 1943, New Zealand helped train about 2,000 Tongan troops who saw action in the Solomon Islands; the TDF was disbanded at the end of the war, but was reactivated in 1946 as the Tonga Defense Services (TDS); in 2013, the name of the TDS was changed to His Majesty&rsquo;s Armed Forces of Tonga (HMAF); Tongan troops deployed to Iraq from 2004-2008 and Afghanistan to support UK forces from 2010-2014 (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

10
australia-oceania/tv.json
View file

@ -116,13 +116,13 @@
}
},
"Ethnic groups": {
"text": "Tuvaluan 86.8%, Tuvaluan/I-Kiribati 5.6%, Tuvaluan/other 6.7%, other 0.9% (2012 est.)"
"text": "Tuvaluan 97%, Tuvaluan/I-Kiribati 1.6%, Tuvaluan/other 0.8%, other 0.6% (2017 est.)"
},
"Languages": {
"text": "Tuvaluan (official), English (official), Samoan, Kiribati (on the island of Nui)"
},
"Religions": {
"text": "Protestant 92.4% (Congregational Christian Church of Tuvalu 85.7%, Brethren 3%, Seventh Day Adventist 2.8%, Assemblies of God .9%), Baha'i 2%, Jehovah's Witness 1.3%, Church of Jesus Christ 1%, other 3.1%, none 0.2% (2012 est.)"
"text": "Protestant 92.7% (Congregational Christian Church of Tuvalu 85.9%, Brethren 2.8%, Seventh Day Adventist 2.5%, Assemblies of God 1.5%), Baha'i 1.5%, Jehovah's Witness 1.5%, other 3.9%, none or refused 0.4% (2017 est.)"
},
"Age structure": {
"0-14 years": {
@ -267,7 +267,7 @@
"text": "24% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.91 physicians/1,000 population (2014)"
"text": "1.19 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {
@ -891,10 +891,10 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "no regular military forces; Tuvalu Police Force (Ministry of Justice, Communications, and Foreign Affairs)"
"text": "no regular military forces; Tuvalu Police Force (Ministry of Justice, Communications, and Foreign Affairs) (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>Australia provides support to the Tuvalu Police Force, including donations of patrol boats</p>"
"text": "Australia provides support to the Tuvalu Police Force, including donations of patrol boats (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

6
australia-oceania/ws.json
View file

@ -272,7 +272,7 @@
"text": "6.4% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.35 physicians/1,000 population (2016)"
"text": "0.6 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Sanitation facility access": {
"improved: urban": {
@ -946,10 +946,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "124,211 (2018)"
"text": "69,000 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "63.58 (2019)"
"text": "35 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

10
central-america-n-caribbean/ac.json
View file

@ -269,7 +269,7 @@
"text": "4.4% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "2.96 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "2.76 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "2.9 beds/1,000 population (2017)"
@ -979,16 +979,16 @@
"text": "not available"
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "the Antigua and Barbuda Defense Force (ABDF) has approximately 200 active personnel (2021)"
"text": "approximately 200 active personnel (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the ABDF's equipment inventory is limited to small arms, light weapons, and soft-skin vehicles; the Coast Guard maintains ex-US patrol vessels and some smaller boats (2021)"
"text": "the ABDF's equipment inventory is limited to small arms, light weapons, and soft-skin vehicles; the Coast Guard maintains ex-US patrol vessels and some smaller boats (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-23 years of age for voluntary military service for both males and females; no conscription (2021)"
"text": "18-23 years of age for voluntary military service for both males and females; no conscription (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>has been a member of the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS) since its creation in 1982; RSS signatories (Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security</p> (2022)"
"text": "has been a member of the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS) since its creation in 1982; RSS signatories (Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

10
central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json
View file

@ -264,7 +264,7 @@
"text": "6.3% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "2.48 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "2.49 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "6 beds/1,000 population (2017)"
@ -957,7 +957,7 @@
}
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "government-owned Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) operates the lone terrestrial TV station; CBC also operates a multi-channel cable TV subscription service; roughly a dozen radio stations, consisting of a CBC-operated network operating alongside privately owned radio stations"
"text": "government-owned Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) operates the lone terrestrial TV station; CBC also operates a multi-channel cable TV subscription service; roughly a dozen radio stations, consisting of a CBC-operated network operating alongside privately owned radio stations (2019)"
},
"Internet country code": {
"text": ".bb"
@ -1043,13 +1043,13 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "the Barbados Defense Force (BDF) has approximately 600 active personnel (2021)"
"text": "approximately 600 active personnel (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Netherlands provide the BDF's major equipment inventory (maritime patrol boats) (2021)"
"text": "the Netherlands provide the BDF's major equipment inventory (maritime patrol boats) (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "voluntary service only (men and women); 17 years, 9 months to 17 years, 11 months with letter of consent from a parent or guardian, or be in the age range of 18-25 years at the start of recruit training; citizens of Barbados by descent or naturalization (2021)"
"text": "voluntary service only (men and women); 17 years, 9 months to 17 years, 11 months with letter of consent from a parent or guardian, or be in the age range of 18-25 years at the start of recruit training; citizens of Barbados by descent or naturalization (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>Barbados has been a member of the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS) since its creation in 1982; RSS signatories (Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security; the RSS is headquartered in Barbados</p> (2022)"

10
central-america-n-caribbean/bf.json
View file

@ -251,7 +251,7 @@
"text": "5.8% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "2.01 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "1.94 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "3 beds/1,000 population (2017)"
@ -1029,16 +1029,16 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "the Royal Bahamas Defense Force (RBDF) has approximately 1,500 total personnel (2021)"
"text": "approximately 1,500 total personnel (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "most of the RBDF's major equipment inventory is supplied by the Netherlands (2021)"
"text": "most of the RBDF's major equipment inventory is supplied by the Netherlands (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary male and female service; no conscription (2021)"
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary male and female service; no conscription (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the RBDF was established in 1980; its primary responsibilities are disaster relief, maritime security, and counter-narcotics operations; it is a naval force, but includes a lightly-armed marine infantry/commando squadron for base and internal security, as well as a few light non-combat aircraft; the maritime element has coastal patrol craft and patrol boats; the RBDF maintains training relationships with the UK and the US </p> (2022)"
"text": "the RBDF was established in 1980; its primary responsibilities are disaster relief, maritime security, and counter-narcotics operations; it is a naval force, but includes a lightly-armed marine infantry/commando squadron for base and internal security, as well as a few light non-combat aircraft; the maritime element has coastal patrol craft and patrol boats; the RBDF maintains training relationships with the UK and the US&nbsp; (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

8
central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json
View file

@ -279,7 +279,7 @@
"text": "6% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "1.12 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "1.08 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "1 beds/1,000 population (2017)"
@ -534,7 +534,7 @@
"text": "<br>Senate -  last appointed 11 November 2020 (next appointments in November 2025)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 11 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - all members appointed; composition as of March 2022 - men 9, women 5, percent of women 35.7%<br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PUP 59.6%, UDP 38.8%, other 1.6%; seats by party - PUP 26, UDP 5; composition as of March 2022 -  men 27, women 4, percent of women 12.9%; note - total percent of women in the National Assembly 20%"
"text": "Senate - all members appointed; composition as of March 2022 - composition - men 9, women 5, percent of women 35.7%<br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PUP 59.6%, UDP 38.8%, other 1.6%; seats by party - PUP 26, UDP 5; composition as of March 2022 -  men 27, women 4, percent of women 12.9%; note - total percent of women in the National Assembly 20%"
},
"note": "<strong> </strong>"
},
@ -1103,13 +1103,13 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "the Belize Defense Force (BDF) has approximately 1,300 active personnel; approximately 300 Belize Coast Guard (2021)"
"text": "approximately 1,300 BDF personnel; approximately 300 Belize Coast Guard (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the BDF's inventory is limited and consists mostly of UK- and US-origin equipment (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; laws allow for conscription only if volunteers are insufficient, but conscription has never been implemented; volunteers typically outnumber available positions by 3:1; initial service obligation 12 years (2021)"
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; laws allow for conscription only if volunteers are insufficient, but conscription has never been implemented; volunteers typically outnumber available positions by 3:1; initial service obligation 12 years (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the BDF was established in 1978 from the disbanded Police Special Force and the Belize Volunteer Guard to assist the resident British forces with the defense of Belize against Guatemala; the BDF traces its history back to the Prince Regent Royal Honduras Militia, a volunteer force established in 1817</p> <p>the British Army has maintained a presence in Belize since its independence; as of 2022, the presence consisted of a small training support unit that provides jungle training to troops from the UK and international partners</p>"

2
central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json
View file

@ -282,7 +282,7 @@
"text": "7.3% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "2.89 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
"text": "3.3 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "1.1 beds/1,000 population (2019)"

4
central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json
View file

@ -1136,13 +1136,13 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "limited available information; estimated 50,000 active personnel (approximately 40,000 Army; 3,000 Navy; 8,000 Air Force) (2021)"
"text": "limited available information; estimated 50,000 active personnel (approximately 40,000 Army; 3,000 Navy; 8,000 Air Force) (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Cuban military inventory is comprised of ageing Russian and Soviet-era equipment; the last recorded arms delivery to Cuba was by Russia in 2004; in 2019, Russia approved a loan for approximately $43-50 million for Cuba's purchase of spare parts and armored vehicles (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "17-28 years of age for compulsory (men) and volunteer (men and women) military service; 2-year service obligation for men (2021)"
"text": "17-28 years of age for compulsory (men) and volunteer (men and women) military service; 2-year service obligation for men (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the FAR has a large role in the Cuban economy through several military owned and operated conglomerates, including such sectors as banking, hotels, industry, retail, transportation, and tourism (2022)"

2
central-america-n-caribbean/do.json
View file

@ -252,7 +252,7 @@
"text": "5.5% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "1.12 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "1.1 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "3.8 beds/1,000 population"

2
central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json
View file

@ -292,7 +292,7 @@
"text": "5.9% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "1.53 physicians/1,000 population (2011)"
"text": "1.45 physicians/1,000 population (2019)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "1.6 beds/1,000 population (2017)"

12
central-america-n-caribbean/es.json
View file

@ -285,7 +285,7 @@
"text": "7.2% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "1.57 physicians/1,000 population (2016)"
"text": "2.87 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "1.2 beds/1,000 population (2017)"
@ -576,7 +576,7 @@
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Corte Suprema de Justicia (consists of 16 judges and 16 substitutes judges organized into Constitutional, Civil, Penal, and Administrative Conflict Chambers)"
"text": "Supreme Court or Corte Suprema de Justicia (consists of 15 judges, including its president, and 15 substitute judges organized into Constitutional, Civil, Penal, and Administrative Conflict Chambers)"
},
"judge selection and term of office": {
"text": "judges elected by the Legislative Assembly on the recommendation of both the National Council of the Judicature, an independent body elected by the Legislative Assembly, and the Bar Association; judges elected for 9-year terms, with renewal of one-third of membership every 3 years; consecutive reelection is allowed"
@ -1159,21 +1159,21 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 21,000 active troops (17,000 Army; 2,000 Navy; 2,000 Air Force) (2021)",
"text": "approximately 21,000 active troops (17,000 Army; 2,000 Navy; 2,000 Air Force) (2022)",
"note": "note - in 2021, El Salvador announced intentions to double the size of the military, although no time frame was given"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the FAES is dependent on a mix of mostly older imported platforms, largely from the US; since 2010, the FAES has received small amounts of equipment from several countries, including Chile, Israel, Spain, and the US (2021)"
"text": "the FAES is dependent on a mix of mostly older imported platforms, largely from the US; since 2010, the FAES has received small amounts of equipment from several countries, including Chile, Israel, Spain, and the US (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for selective compulsory military service; 16-22 years of age for voluntary male or female service; service obligation is 12 months, with 11 months for officers and NCOs (2021)",
"text": "18 years of age for selective compulsory military service; 16-22 years of age for voluntary male or female service; service obligation is 12 months, with 11 months for officers and NCOs (2022)",
"note": "note - as of 2016, women made up about 6% of the active duty military"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "175 Mali (MINUSMA) (Jan 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the National Civilian Police (Ministry of Justice and Public Security) is responsible for maintaining public security, while the Ministry of Defense is responsible for maintaining national security; the constitution separates public security and military functions, but allows the president to use the armed forces in exceptional circumstances to maintain internal peace and public security; in November 2019, President BUKELE signed a decree authorizing military involvement in police duties to combat gang violence, organized crime, and narcotics trafficking, as well as assisting with border security; as of 2022, a considerable portion of the Army was deployed in support of the National Police</p>"
"text": "the National Civilian Police (Ministry of Justice and Public Security) is responsible for maintaining public security, while the Ministry of Defense is responsible for maintaining national security; the constitution separates public security and military functions, but allows the president to use the armed forces in exceptional circumstances to maintain internal peace and public security; in November 2019, President BUKELE signed a decree authorizing military involvement in police duties to combat gang violence, organized crime, and narcotics trafficking, as well as assisting with border security; as of 2022, a considerable portion of the Army was deployed in support of the National Police (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

6
central-america-n-caribbean/gj.json
View file

@ -252,7 +252,7 @@
"text": "5% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "1.41 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "1.44 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "3.6 beds/1,000 population (2017)"
@ -973,10 +973,10 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "no regular military forces; the Royal Grenada Police Force (under the Ministry of National Security) includes a Coast Guard and a paramilitary Special Services Unit"
"text": "no regular military forces; the Royal Grenada Police Force (under the Ministry of National Security) includes a Coast Guard and a paramilitary Special Services Unit (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>Grenada joined the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS) in 1985; RSS signatories (Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Saint Kitts, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security</p>"
"text": "Grenada joined the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS) in 1985; RSS signatories (Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Saint Kitts, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

20
central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json
View file

@ -290,7 +290,7 @@
"text": "6.2% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.36 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
"text": "1.24 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "0.4 beds/1,000 population (2017)"
@ -581,7 +581,7 @@
"text": "last held on 16 June 2019 (next to be held on June 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UNE 53, VAMOS 16, UCN 12, VALOR 9, BIEN 8, FCN-NACION 8, SEMILLA 7, TODOS 7, VIVA 7, CREO 6, PHG 6, VICTORIA 4, Winaq 4, PC 3, PU 3, URNG 3, PAN 2, MLP 1, PODEMOS 1; composition - men 129, women 31, percent of women 19.4%"
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UNE 52, VAMOS 17, UCN 12, VALOR 9, BIEN 8, FCN-NACION 8, SEMILLA 7, TODOS 7, VIVA 7, CREO 6, PHG 6, VICTORIA 4, Winaq 4, PC 3, PU 3, URNG 3, PAN 2, MLP 1, PODEMOS 1; composition - men 129, women 31, percent of women 19.4%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -596,7 +596,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Bienestar Nacional or BIEN [Alfonso PORTILLO and Evelyn MORATAYA]<br>Citizen Prosperity or PC [Hernan MEJIA]<br>Commitment, Renewal, and Order or CREO [Oscar CHINCHILLA]<br>Everyone Together for Guatemala or TODOS [Cornelio GARCIA]<br>Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity or URNG-MAIZ or URNG [Walter FELIX]<br>Humanist Party of Guatemala or PHG [Rudio MERIDA]<br>Movement for the Liberation of Peoples or MLP [Vincenta JIMENEZ]<br>Movimiento Semilla or SEMILLA [Cesar AREVALO DE LEON]<br>National Advancement Party or PAN [Manuel CONDE]<br>National Convergence Front or FCN-NACION [Sandra SANDOVAL]<br>National Unity for Hope or UNE [Jorge VARGAS]<br>Nationalist Change Union or UCN [Carlos ROJAS]<br>PODEMOS [Jose LEON]<br>Political Movement Winaq or Winaq [Sonia GUTIERREZ Raguay]<br>Value or VALOR [Jose ZAMORA]<br>Vamos por una Guatemala Diferente or VAMOS [Alejandro GIAMMATTEI]<br>Victory or VICTORIA [Juan RIVERA]<br>Vision with Values or VIVA [Armando Damian CASTILLO Alvarado]"
"text": "Bienestar Nacional or BIEN [Fidel REYES LEE]<br>Citizen Prosperity or PC [Hernan MEJIA and Jorge GARCIA SILVA]<br>Commitment, Renewal, and Order or CREO [Rodolfo NEUTZE]<br>Everyone Together for Guatemala or TODOS [Felipe ALEJOS]<br>Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity or URNG-MAIZ or URNG [Walter FELIX]<br>Humanist Party of Guatemala or PHG [Rudio MERIDA]<br>Movement for the Liberation of Peoples or MLP [Thelma CABRERA and Vincenta JERONIMO]<br>Movimiento Semilla or SEMILLA [Cesar AREVALO DE LEON and Samuel PEREZ]<br>National Advancement Party or PAN [Manuel CONDE]<br>National Convergence Front or FCN-NACION [Javier HERNANDEZ]<br>National Unity for Hope or UNE [Sandra TORRES and Jorge VARGAS]<br>Nationalist Change Union or UCN [Carlos ROJAS and Sofia HERNANDEZ]<br>PODEMOS [Jose LEON]<br>Political Movement Winaq or Winaq [Sonia GUTIERREZ Raguay]<br>Value or VALOR [Zury RIOS and Lucrecia MARROQUIN]<br>Vamos por una Guatemala Diferente or VAMOS [Alejandro GIAMMATTEI]<br>Victory or VICTORIA [Abraham RIVERA and his four sons  Amilcar, Juan, Manuel and Edgar]<br>Vision with Values or VIVA [Armando Damian CASTILLO Alvarado]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "BCIE, CACM, CD, CELAC, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, Petrocaribe, SICA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
@ -1134,13 +1134,13 @@
},
"Roadways": {
"total": {
"text": "17,440 km (2016)"
"text": "17,440 km (2020)"
},
"paved": {
"text": "7,458 km (2016)"
"text": "7,458 km (2020)"
},
"unpaved": {
"text": "9,982 km (2016) (includes 4,548 km of rural roads)"
"text": "9,982 km (2020) (includes 4,548 km of rural roads)"
}
},
"Waterways": {
@ -1169,7 +1169,7 @@
"text": "0.4% of GDP (2021 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "0.4% of GDP (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.4% of GDP (2020)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "0.4% of GDP (2019) (approximately $530 million)"
@ -1182,20 +1182,20 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "information varies; approximately 20,000 active personnel (18,000 Land Forces; 1,000 Naval Forces; 1,000 Air Forces); approximately 30,000 National Civil Police (2021)"
"text": "information varies; approximately 20,000 active personnel (18,000 Land Forces; 1,000 Naval Forces; 1,000 Air Forces); approximately 30,000 National Civil Police (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Guatemalan military inventory is small and mostly comprised of older US equipment; since 2010, Guatemala has received small amounts of equipment from several countries, including the US (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "all male citizens between the ages of 18 and 50 are eligible for military service; in practice, most of the force is volunteer, however, a selective draft system is employed, resulting in a small portion of 17-21 year-olds conscripted; conscript service obligation varies from 1 to 2 years; women may volunteer (2021)",
"text": "all male citizens between the ages of 18 and 50 are eligible for military service; in practice, most of the force is volunteer, however, a selective draft system is employed, resulting in a small portion of 17-21 year-olds conscripted; conscript service obligation varies from 1 to 2 years; women may volunteer (2022)",
"note": "note - as of 2017, women made up an estimated 5-10% of the active military"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "155 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (Jan 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>since the 2000s, the Guatemalan Government has used the Army to support the National Civil Police (PNC; under the Ministry of Government) in internal security operations (as permitted by the constitution) to combat organized crime, gang violence, and narco-trafficking</p> <p>the military held power during most of the country’s 36-year civil war (1960-1996) and conducted a campaign of widespread violence and repression, particularly against the country’s majority indigenous population; more than 200,000 people were estimated to have been killed or disappeared during the conflict</p> (2022)"
"text": "since the 2000s, the Guatemalan Government has used the Army to support the National Civil Police (PNC; under the Ministry of Government) in internal security operations (as permitted by the constitution) to combat organized crime, gang violence, and narco-trafficking <br><br>the military held power during most of the country’s 36-year civil war (1960-1996) and conducted a campaign of widespread violence and repression, particularly against the country’s majority indigenous population; more than 200,000 people were estimated to have been killed or disappeared during the conflict (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

21
central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json
View file

@ -564,10 +564,10 @@
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral legislature or le Corps legislatif ou le Parlement consists of:<br>le Senat or Senate (30 seats statutory, reduced to 10 as of July 2021; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 6-year terms (2-term limit) with one-third of the membership renewed every 2 years)<br>la Chambre de deputes or Chamber of Deputies (119 seats; 0 filled as of July 2021; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 4-year terms; no term limits); note - when the 2 chambers meet collectively it is known as L'Assemblee nationale or the National Assembly and is convened for specific purposes spelled out in the constitution"
"text": "bicameral legislature or le Corps legislatif ou le Parlement consists of:<br>le Sénat de la République or Senate (30 seats; 10 filled as of March 2022); members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 6-year terms (2-term limit) with one-third of the membership renewed every 2 years)<br>la Chambre des députés or Chamber of Deputies (119 seats; 0 filled as of March 2022; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 4-year terms; no term limits); note - when the 2 chambers meet collectively it is known as L'Assemblée nationale or the National Assembly and is convened for specific purposes spelled out in the constitution"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 20 November 2016 with runoff on 29 January 2017 (next originally scheduled for 27 October 2019, but postponed to 26 September 2021) <br>Chamber of Deputies - last held on 9 August 2015 with runoff on 25 October 2015 and 20 November 2016 (next originally scheduled for 27 October 2019, but postponed to 26 September 2021)"
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 20 November 2016 with runoff on 29 January 2017 (next originally scheduled for 27 October 2019, but postponed until political and civil society actors agree to a consensual process) <br>Chamber of Deputies - last held on 9 August 2015 with runoff on 25 October 2015 and 20 November 2016 (next originally scheduled for 27 October 2019, but postponed until political and civil society actors agree to a consensual process)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 10, women 0, percent of women 0%<br>Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - NA"
@ -576,13 +576,13 @@
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Cour de cassation (consists of a chief judge and other judges); note - Haiti is a member of the Caribbean Court of Justice"
"text": "Supreme Court or Cour de cassation (consists of a chief judge and other judges); note 1 - the Cour de cassation currently has no chief judge and only 3 sitting members and is not functional; note 2 - Haiti is a member of the Caribbean Court of Justice; &nbsp;Constitutional Court, called for in the 1987 constitution but not yet established; High Court of Justice, for trying high government officials - currently not functional"
},
"judge selection and term of office": {
"text": "judges appointed by the president from candidate lists submitted by the Senate of the National Assembly; note - Article 174 of Haiti's constitution states that judges of the Supreme Court are appointed for 10 years, whereas Article 177 states that judges of the Supreme Court are appointed for life"
},
"subordinate courts": {
"text": "Courts of Appeal; Courts of First Instance; magistrate's courts;&nbsp; land, labor, and children's courts"
"text": "Courts of Appeal; Courts of First Instance; magistrate's courts; land, labor, and children's courts"
},
"note": "<strong>note</strong>: the Superior Council of the Judiciary or Conseil Superieur du Pouvoir Judiciaire is a 9-member body charged with the administration and oversight of the judicial branch of government"
},
@ -1057,13 +1057,13 @@
},
"Roadways": {
"total": {
"text": "4,266 km (2009) Note – total paved plus unpaved is less than total roadways because some roads are under construction or only partially paved"
"text": "4,102 km (2011)"
},
"paved": {
"text": "600 km (2009)"
"text": "600 km (2011)"
},
"unpaved": {
"text": "3,502 km (2009)"
"text": "3,502 km (2011)"
}
},
"Merchant marine": {
@ -1089,13 +1089,16 @@
"text": "not available"
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "the FAdH has approximately 500 troops (the force is planned to eventually have around 5,000 personnel); approximately 16,000 National Police (2021)"
"text": "the FAdH has approximately 1,200 troops (the force is planned to eventually have around 5,000 personnel); approximately 16,000 National Police (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "not available"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "not available"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>according to the Haitian Government, the mission of the reconstituted armed forces will focus on patrolling the border with the Dominican Republic, combating smuggling, and executing recovery efforts after natural disasters</p> <p>the UN Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) operated in Haiti from 2004 until 2017; its mission was to help restore stability after President Bertrand ARISTIDE fled the country, including assisting with the political process, strengthening government institutions, and promoting and protecting human rights; following the completion of MINUSTAH’s mandate in 2017, a smaller peacekeeping mission, the UN Mission for Justice Support in Haiti (MINUJUSTH), operated until 2019; its mission was to assist with the further development and strengthening of the national police, as well as Haiti’s justice and prison systems, and to promote and protect human rights; in 2019, the UN established the UN Integrated Office in Haiti (BINUH) with the political mission of advising the Haiti Government in elections, governance, and security; as of 2021, BINUH continued to operate</p>"
"text": "<p>according to the Haitian Government, the mission of the reconstituted armed forces will focus on patrolling the border with the Dominican Republic, combating smuggling, and executing recovery efforts after natural disasters<br><br>the UN Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) operated in Haiti from 2004 until 2017; its mission was to help restore stability after President Bertrand ARISTIDE fled the country, including assisting with the political process, strengthening government institutions, and promoting and protecting human rights; following the completion of MINUSTAH’s mandate in 2017, a smaller peacekeeping mission, the UN Mission for Justice Support in Haiti (MINUJUSTH), operated until 2019; its mission was to assist with the further development and strengthening of the national police, as well as Haiti’s justice and prison systems, and to promote and protect human rights; in 2019, the UN established the UN Integrated Office in Haiti (BINUH) with the political mission of advising the Haiti Government in elections, governance, and security; BINUH's current mandate ends in July 2022 unless extended </p>"
},
"Maritime threats": {
"text": "the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial waters of Haiti are a risk for armed robbery against ships; in 2021, four attacks against commercial vessels were reported, a slight decrease from the five attacks reported in 2020; most of these occurred in the main port of Port-au-Prince while ships were berthed or at anchor"

12
central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json
View file

@ -294,7 +294,7 @@
"text": "7.3% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.31 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "0.5 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "0.6 beds/1,000 population (2017)"
@ -1150,8 +1150,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Honduran Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas de Honduras, FFAA): Army (Ejercito), Honduran Naval Force (FNH; includes marines), Honduran Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Hondurena, FAH), Honduran Military Police of Public Order (PMOP); Security Secretariat: Public Security Forces (includes Honduran National Police paramilitary units) (2022)<br><br>note - the PMOP was created in 2013 as part of an effort by the Honduran Government to expand the military’s role in law enforcement alongside the Honduran National Police (HNP), particularly against narcotics trafficking and organized crime; since its creation, the PMOP’s role in internal security has expanded; it was used against election protesters in 2017, for example, and it has been accused of human rights violations; as of 2022, the PMOP was composed of 8 battalions of military personnel (approximately 5,000 troops) who have undergone some police training; it reported to military authorities but conducted operations sanctioned by both civilian security officials and military leaders",
"note": "note - the PMOP was created in 2013 as part of an effort by the Honduran Government to expand the military&rsquo;s role in law enforcement alongside the Honduran National Police (HNP), particularly against narcotics trafficking and organized crime; since its creation, the PMOP&rsquo;s role in internal security has expanded; it was used against election protesters in 2017, for example, and it has been accused of human rights violations; as of 2022, the PMOP was composed of 8 battalions of military personnel (approximately 5,000 troops) who have undergone some police training; it reported to military authorities but conducted operations sanctioned by both civilian security officials and military leaders"
"text": "Honduran Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas de Honduras, FFAA): Army (Ejercito), Honduran Naval Force (FNH; includes marines), Honduran Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Hondurena, FAH), Honduran Military Police of Public Order (PMOP); Security Secretariat: Public Security Forces (includes Honduran National Police paramilitary units) (2022)<br><br>note - the PMOP was created in 2013 to support the Honduran National Police (HNP) against narcotics trafficking and organized crime; since its creation, the PMOP’s role in internal security has expanded; it was used against election protesters in 2017, for example, and it has been accused of human rights violations; as of 2022, the PMOP was composed of 8 battalions of military personnel (approximately 5,000 troops) who had undergone some police training; it reported to military authorities but conducted operations sanctioned by both civilian security officials and military leaders",
"note": "note - the PMOP was created in 2013 to support the Honduran National Police (HNP) against narcotics trafficking and organized crime; since its creation, the PMOP&rsquo;s role in internal security has expanded; it was used against election protesters in 2017, for example, and it has been accused of human rights violations; as of 2022, the PMOP was composed of 8 battalions of military personnel (approximately 5,000 troops) who had undergone some police training; it reported to military authorities but conducted operations sanctioned by both civilian security officials and military leaders"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
@ -1171,13 +1171,13 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "the Honduran Armed Forces (FFAA) have approximately 16,000 active personnel (7,500 Army; 1,500 Navy, including about 1,000 marines; 2,000 Air Force; 5,000 Military Police of Public Order); approximately 18,000 National Police (2021)"
"text": "approximately 16,000 active personnel (7,500 Army; 1,500 Navy, including about 1,000 marines; 2,000 Air Force; 5,000 Military Police of Public Order); approximately 18,000 National Police (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the FFAA's inventory is comprised of mostly older imported equipment from Israel, the UK, and the US; since 2010, Honduras has received limited amounts of military equipment from several countries, including Colombia, Israel, and the Netherlands (2021)"
"text": "the FFAA's inventory is comprised of mostly older imported equipment from Israel, the UK, and the US; since 2010, Honduras has received limited amounts of military equipment from several countries, including Colombia, Israel, and the Netherlands (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary 2- to 3-year military service (men and women); no conscription (2021)",
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary 2- to 3-year military service (men and women); no conscription (2022)",
"note": "note - as of 2017, women made up over 4% of the active duty military"
},
"Military - note": {

10
central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json
View file

@ -278,7 +278,7 @@
"text": "6.1% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "1.31 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "0.53 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "1.7 beds/1,000 population (2017)"
@ -1096,16 +1096,16 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "information varies; approximately 4,000 total active personnel (2021)"
"text": "information varies; approximately 4,000 total active personnel (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Jamaica Defense Force is lightly armed with a limited inventory featuring equipment mostly from Europe and the US (2021)"
"text": "the Jamaica Defense Force is lightly armed with a limited inventory featuring equipment mostly from Europe and the US (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "no conscription; 18-23 for voluntary military service (17 with parental consent; 18-28 for the reserves); since 2017, the JDF's standard mode of recruitment is to enroll recruits ages 18-23 through the Jamaica National Service Corps (JNSC); in the JNSC, soldiers receive basic military, vocational, and life skills training; upon completion of 1-year of service, soldiers can continue on with the JDF or seek other opportunities with law enforcement (2021)"
"text": "no conscription; 18-23 for voluntary military service (17 with parental consent; 18-28 for the reserves); since 2017, the JDF's standard mode of recruitment is to enroll recruits ages 18-23 through the Jamaica National Service Corps (JNSC); in the JNSC, soldiers receive basic military, vocational, and life skills training; upon completion of 1-year of service, soldiers can continue on with the JDF or seek other opportunities with law enforcement (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>as of 2022, the JDF’s primary missions were maritime/border and internal security, including support to police operations to combat crime and violence</p>"
"text": "as of 2022, the JDF&rsquo;s primary missions were maritime/border and internal security, including support to police operations to combat crime and violence"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json
View file

@ -739,7 +739,7 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "5,000 (2018)"
"text": "5,000 (2018 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "100.7 (2019 est.)"

18
central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json
View file

@ -290,7 +290,7 @@
"text": "8.4% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.98 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
"text": "1.67 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "0.9 beds/1,000 population (2017)"
@ -564,13 +564,13 @@
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Asamblea Nacional (92 seats; 70 members in multi-seat constituencies, representing the country's 15 departments and 2 autonomous regions, and 20 members in a single nationwide constituency directly elected by party-list proportional representation vote; 2 seats reserved for the previous president and the runner-up candidate in the previous presidential election; members serve 5-year terms)"
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Asamblea Nacional (92 statutory seats, current 91; 70 members in multi-seat constituencies, representing the country's 15 departments and 2 autonomous regions, and 20 members in a single nationwide constituency directly elected by party-list proportional representation vote; up to 2 seats reserved for the previous president and the runner-up candidate in the previous presidential election; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 7 November 2021 (next to be held on 1 November 2026)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - FSLN 75, PLC 9, ALN 2, APRE 1, CCN 1, PLI 1, YATAMA 1; composition - men 46, women 45, percent of women 49.4%"
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - FSLN 75, PLC 9, ALN 2, APRE 1, CCN 1, PLI 1, YATAMA 1; composition - men 44, women 47, percent of women 51.1%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -1004,10 +1004,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "5,788,430 (2019)"
"text": "5,976,479 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "88.43 (2019 est.)"
"text": "90 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
@ -1147,16 +1147,16 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 12,000 active personnel (10,000 Army; 800 Navy; 1,200 Air Force) (2021)"
"text": "approximately 12,000 active personnel (10,000 Army; 800 Navy; 1,200 Air Force) (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Nicaraguan military's inventory includes mostly second-hand Russian/Soviet-era equipment; since 2010, Russia is the leading arms supplier to Nicaragua (2021)"
"text": "the Nicaraguan military's inventory includes mostly second-hand Russian/Soviet-era equipment; since 2010, Russia is the leading arms supplier to Nicaragua (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-30 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription; tour of duty 18-36 months; requires Nicaraguan nationality and 6th-grade education (2021)"
"text": "18-30 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription; tour of duty 18-36 months; requires Nicaraguan nationality and 6th-grade education (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the modern Army of Nicaragua was created in 1979 as the Sandinista Popular Army (1979-1984); prior to 1979, the military was known as the National Guard, which was organized and trained by the US in the 1920s and 1930s; the first commander of the National Guard, Anastasio SOMOZA Garc&iacute;a, seized power in 1937 and ran the country as a military dictator until his assassination in 1956; his sons ran the country either directly or through figureheads until the Sandinistas came to power in 1979; the defeated National Guard was disbanded by the Sandinistas"
"text": "the modern Army of Nicaragua was created in 1979 as the Sandinista Popular Army (1979-1984); prior to 1979, the military was known as the National Guard, which was organized and trained by the US in the 1920s and 1930s; the first commander of the National Guard, Anastasio SOMOZA Garc&iacute;a, seized power in 1937 and ran the country as a military dictator until his assassination in 1956; his sons ran the country either directly or through figureheads until the Sandinistas came to power in 1979; the defeated National Guard was disbanded by the Sandinistas (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

8
central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json
View file

@ -286,7 +286,7 @@
"text": "7.6% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "1.57 physicians/1,000 population (2016)"
"text": "1.63 physicians/1,000 population (2019)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "2.3 beds/1,000 population (2016)"
@ -1013,10 +1013,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "5,599,010 (2019)"
"text": "5,825,677 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "131.85 (2019 est.)"
"text": "135 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
@ -1174,7 +1174,7 @@
"text": "Panama's security forces are lightly armed; Canada, Italy and the US have provided equipment to the security forces since 2010 (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>Panama created a paramilitary National Guard (Guardia Nacional de Panamá) in the 1950s from the former National Police (established 1904); the National Guard subsequently evolved into more of a military force with some police responsibilities; it seized power in a coup in 1968 and military officers ran the country until 1989; in 1983, the National Guard was renamed the Panama Defense Force (PDF); the PDF was disbanded after the 1989 US invasion and the current national police forces were formed in 1990; the armed forces were officially abolished under the 1994 Constitution</p>"
"text": "Panama created a paramilitary National Guard (Guardia Nacional de Panam&aacute;) in the 1950s from the former National Police (established 1904); the National Guard subsequently evolved into more of a military force with some police responsibilities; it seized power in a coup in 1968 and military officers ran the country until 1989; in 1983, the National Guard was renamed the Panama Defense Force (PDF); the PDF was disbanded after the 1989 US invasion and the current national police forces were formed in 1990; the armed&nbsp;forces were officially abolished under the 1994 Constitution (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

4
central-america-n-caribbean/rn.json
View file

@ -465,10 +465,10 @@
"Communications": {
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "68,840 (2017)"
"text": "68,840 (2017 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "195.54 (2019)"
"text": "195.54 (2019 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

4
central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json
View file

@ -855,10 +855,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "3,371,970 (2019)"
"text": "3,483,570 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "114.95 (2019 est.)"
"text": "122 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

8
central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json
View file

@ -267,7 +267,7 @@
"text": "5.4% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "2.68 physicians/1,000 population (2015)"
"text": "2.77 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "4.8 beds/1,000 population (2012)"
@ -861,10 +861,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "76,878 (2018)"
"text": "78,000 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "147.71 (2019)"
"text": "147 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
@ -880,7 +880,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments"
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "the government operates a national TV network that broadcasts on 2 channels; cable subscription services provide access to local and international channels; the government operates a national radio network; a mix of government-owned and privately owned broadcasters operate roughly 15 radio stations"
"text": "the government operates a national TV network that broadcasts on 2 channels; cable subscription services provide access to local and international channels; the government operates a national radio network; a mix of government-owned and privately owned broadcasters operate roughly 15 radio stations (2019)"
},
"Internet country code": {
"text": ".kn"

8
central-america-n-caribbean/st.json
View file

@ -905,10 +905,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "184,944 (2018)"
"text": "203,000 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "97.65 (2019)"
"text": "111 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
@ -924,7 +924,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments"
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "3 privately owned TV stations; 1 public TV station operating on a cable network; multi-channel cable TV service available; a mix of state-owned and privately owned broadcasters operate nearly 25 radio stations including repeater transmission stations"
"text": "3 privately owned TV stations; 1 public TV station operating on a cable network; multi-channel cable TV service available; a mix of state-owned and privately owned broadcasters operate nearly 25 radio stations including repeater transmission stations (2019)"
},
"Internet country code": {
"text": ".lc"
@ -988,7 +988,7 @@
"text": "no regular military forces; Royal Saint Lucia Police Force (includes Special Service Unit, Marine Unit) (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>Saint Lucia has been a member of the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS) since its creation in 1982; RSS signatories (Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security</p> (2022)"
"text": "Saint Lucia has been a member of the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS) since its creation in 1982; RSS signatories (Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

12
central-america-n-caribbean/td.json
View file

@ -275,7 +275,7 @@
"text": "7% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "4.17 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
"text": "4.48 physicians/1,000 population (2019)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "3 beds/1,000 population (2017)"
@ -1036,7 +1036,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Trinidad and Tobago Defense Force (TTDF): Army/Land Forces (Trinidad and Tobago Regiment), Coast Guard, Air Guard, Defense Force Reserves; Trinidad and Tobago Police Service (TTPS) (2021)",
"text": "Trinidad and Tobago Defense Force (TTDF): Army/Land Forces (Trinidad and Tobago Regiment), Coast Guard, Air Guard, Defense Force Reserves; Trinidad and Tobago Police Service (TTPS) (2022)",
"note": "note - the Ministry of National Security oversees defense, immigration, and the police"
},
"Military expenditures": {
@ -1057,17 +1057,17 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 4,500 TTDF personnel; approximately 7,000 TTPS personnel (2021)"
"text": "approximately 4,500 TTDF personnel (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the TTDF's ground force inventory includes only light weapons, while the Coast Guard and Air Guard field mostly second-hand equipment from a mix of countries, including Australia, China, the Netherlands, the UK, and the US (2021)"
"text": "the TTDF's ground force inventory includes only light weapons, while the Coast Guard and Air Guard field mostly second-hand equipment from a mix of countries, including Australia, China, the Netherlands, the UK, and the US (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service (men and women; some age variations between services, reserves); no conscription (2021)",
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service (men and women; some age variations between services, reserves); no conscription (2022)",
"note": "note - as of 2017, women comprised about 14% of the active military"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>as of 2021, the primary responsibilities for the TTDF were conducting border and maritime security, providing disaster relief, and countering narcotics trafficking in support of law enforcement</p> <p> </p>"
"text": "the primary responsibilities for the TTDF are conducting border and maritime security, providing disaster relief, and countering narcotics trafficking in support of law enforcement (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

4
central-america-n-caribbean/uc.json
View file

@ -853,10 +853,10 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "no regular military forces; Curaçao Militia (CURMIL) (2021)"
"text": "no regular military forces; Curaçao Militia (CURMIL) (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "defense is the responsibility of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; the Dutch Government controls foreign and defense policy; the Dutch Caribbean Coast Guard (DCCG) provides maritime security"
"text": "defense is the responsibility of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; the Dutch Government controls foreign and defense policy; the Dutch Caribbean Coast Guard (DCCG) provides maritime security (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

6
central-america-n-caribbean/vc.json
View file

@ -258,7 +258,7 @@
"text": "4.8% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.66 physicians/1,000 population"
"text": "0.66 physicians/1,000 population (2012)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "4.3 beds/1,000 population (2016)"
@ -856,10 +856,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "102,700 (2019)"
"text": "97,059 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "92.87 (2019)"
"text": "87 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {

18
central-asia/kg.json
View file

@ -1089,11 +1089,11 @@
}
},
"Pipelines": {
"text": "3566 km gas (2018), 16 km oil (2013)"
"text": "4195 km gas (2022), 16 km oil (2013)"
},
"Railways": {
"total": {
"text": "424 km (2018)"
"text": "424 km (2022)"
},
"broad gauge": {
"text": "424 km (2018) 1.520-m gauge"
@ -1101,11 +1101,11 @@
},
"Roadways": {
"total": {
"text": "34,000 km (2018)"
"text": "34,000 km (2022)"
}
},
"Waterways": {
"text": "600 km (2010)"
"text": "576 km (2022)"
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"lake port(s)": {
@ -1115,7 +1115,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Kyrgyz Armed Forces: Land Forces, Air Defense Forces, National Guard; State Border Service; Internal Troops; State Committee for National Security (2022)"
"text": "Kyrgyz Armed Forces: Land Forces, Air Defense Forces, National Guard; Internal Troops; State Committee for National Security (GKNB): Border Service (2022)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
@ -1135,16 +1135,16 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "the Kyrgyz Armed Forces have approximately 12,000 active duty troops (8,500 Land Forces; 2,500 Air Force/Air Defense; 1,000 National Guard) (2021)"
"text": "approximately 12,000 active duty troops (8,500 Land Forces; 2,500 Air Force/Air Defense; 1,000 National Guard) (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Kyrgyz Armed Forces' inventory is comprised of mostly older Russian and Soviet-era equipment; Kyrgyzstan relies on donations of military equipment, which come mostly from Russia under a 2013 agreement between Bishkek and Moscow (2021)"
"text": "the Kyrgyz Armed Forces' inventory is comprised of mostly older Russian and Soviet-era equipment; Kyrgyzstan relies on donations of military equipment, which come mostly from Russia under a 2013 agreement between Bishkek and Moscow (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory or voluntary male military service in the Armed Forces or Interior Ministry; 1-year service obligation (9 months for university graduates), with optional fee-based 3-year service in the call-up mobilization reserve; women may volunteer at age 19; 16-17 years of age for military cadets, who cannot take part in military operations (2021)"
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory or voluntary male military service in the Armed Forces or Interior Ministry; 1-year service obligation (9 months for university graduates), with optional fee-based 3-year service in the call-up mobilization reserve; women may volunteer at age 19; 16-17 years of age for military cadets, who cannot take part in military operations (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Kyrgyzstan has been a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) since 1994 and contributes troops to CSTO's rapid reaction force"
"text": "Kyrgyzstan has been a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) since 1994 and contributes troops to CSTO's rapid reaction force (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

26
central-asia/kz.json
View file

@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
"text": "2.8% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "3.98 physicians/1,000 population (2014)"
"text": "3.98 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "6.1 beds/1,000 population (2014)"
@ -1118,29 +1118,29 @@
"text": "3 (2021)"
},
"Pipelines": {
"text": "658 km condensate, 15,256 km gas (2017), 8,013 km oil (2017), 1,095 km refined products, 1,975 km water (2016) (2017)"
"text": "658 km condensate, 15,429 km gas (2020), 8,020 km oil (2020), 1,095 km refined products, 1,975 km water (2017) (2020)"
},
"Railways": {
"total": {
"text": "16,614 km (2017)"
"text": "16,636 km (2020)"
},
"broad gauge": {
"text": "16,614 km (2017) 1.520-m gauge (4,200 km electrified)"
"text": "16,636 km (2020) 1.520-m gauge (4,237 km electrified)"
}
},
"Roadways": {
"total": {
"text": "95,409 km (2017)"
"text": "95,767 km (2021)"
},
"paved": {
"text": "81,814 km (2017)"
"text": "83,813 km (2021)"
},
"unpaved": {
"text": "13,595 km (2017)"
"text": "12,354 km (2021)"
}
},
"Waterways": {
"text": "4,000 km (2010) (on the Ertis (Irtysh) River (80%) and Syr Darya (Syrdariya) River)"
"text": "43,983 km (2020) (on the Ertis (Irtysh) River (80%) and Syr Darya (Syrdariya) River)"
},
"Merchant marine": {
"total": {
@ -1181,16 +1181,16 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "information varies; approximately 40,000 active duty personnel (25,000 Land Forces; 3,000 Naval Forces; 12,000 Air and Air Defense Forces) (2021)"
"text": "information varies; approximately 40,000 active duty personnel (25,000 Land Forces; 3,000 Naval Forces; 12,000 Air and Air Defense Forces) (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Kazakh military's inventory is comprised of mostly older Russian and Soviet-era equipment; since 2010, Russia is the leading supplier of weapons systems (2021)"
"text": "the Kazakh military's inventory is comprised of mostly older Russian and Soviet-era equipment; since 2010, Russia is the leading supplier of weapons systems (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "all men 18-27 are required to serve in the military for at least one year (2021)"
"text": "all men 18-27 are required to serve in the military for at least one year (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Kazakhstan has been a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) since 1994 and contributes troops to CSTO's rapid reaction force"
"text": "Kazakhstan has been a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) since 1994 and contributes troops to CSTO's rapid reaction force (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {
@ -1211,7 +1211,7 @@
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>a transit country for Afghan opiates destined for Russia and Europe; increase in  clandestine laboratories producing synthetic drugs; Synthetic drugs also trafficked from Southeast Asia, China, Russia, and Europe, and precursor chemicals shipped from Russia</p>"
"text": "<p>synthetic drugs dominate the local illicit drug market, smuggled from Southeast Asia, China, Russia and Europe; however the number of domestic clandestine laboratories producing synthetic drugs continues to increase.  Kazakhstan remains a transit country for Afghan heroin destined for Russia and Europe.</p>"
}
}
}

14
central-asia/rs.json
View file

@ -304,7 +304,7 @@
"text": "5.7% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "3.75 physicians/1,000 population (2015)"
"text": "3.82 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "7.1 beds/1,000 population (2018)"
@ -348,7 +348,7 @@
"vectorborne diseases": {
"text": "Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, tickborne encephalitis"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout the Russia; as of 30 March 2022, Russia has reported a total of 17,823,648 cases of COVID-19 or 12,213.46 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 368,377 cumulative deaths or a rate of 252.42 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 29 March 2022, 54.8% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout the Russia; as of 6 June 2022, Russia has reported a total of 18,355,200 cases of COVID-19 or 12,577.7 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 379,584 cumulative deaths or a rate of 260.1 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 4 June 2022, 55.58% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
},
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
"text": "23.1% (2016)"
@ -470,7 +470,7 @@
"vectorborne diseases": {
"text": "Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, tickborne encephalitis"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout the Russia; as of 30 March 2022, Russia has reported a total of 17,823,648 cases of COVID-19 or 12,213.46 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 368,377 cumulative deaths or a rate of 252.42 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 29 March 2022, 54.8% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout the Russia; as of 6 June 2022, Russia has reported a total of 18,355,200 cases of COVID-19 or 12,577.7 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 379,584 cumulative deaths or a rate of 260.1 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 4 June 2022, 55.58% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
@ -560,7 +560,7 @@
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "<p>46 provinces (oblasti, singular - oblast), 21 republics (respubliki, singular - respublika), 4 autonomous okrugs (avtonomnyye okrugi, singular - avtonomnyy okrug), 9 krays (kraya, singular - kray), 2 federal cities (goroda, singular - gorod), and 1 autonomous oblast (avtonomnaya oblast')</p> <p><strong>oblasts:</strong> Amur (Blagoveshchensk), Arkhangel'sk, Astrakhan', Belgorod, Bryansk, Chelyabinsk, Irkutsk, Ivanovo, Kaliningrad, Kaluga, Kemerovo, Kirov, Kostroma, Kurgan, Kursk, Leningrad, Lipetsk, Magadan, Moscow, Murmansk, Nizhniy Novgorod, Novgorod, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Orenburg, Orel, Penza, Pskov, Rostov, Ryazan', Sakhalin (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk), Samara, Saratov, Smolensk, Sverdlovsk (Yekaterinburg), Tambov, Tomsk, Tula, Tver', Tyumen', Ul'yanovsk, Vladimir, Volgograd, Vologda, Voronezh, Yaroslavl'</p> <p><strong>republics:</strong> Adygeya (Maykop), Altay (Gorno-Altaysk), Bashkortostan (Ufa), Buryatiya (Ulan-Ude), Chechnya (Groznyy), Chuvashiya (Cheboksary), Dagestan (Makhachkala), Ingushetiya (Magas), Kabardino-Balkariya (Nal'chik), Kalmykiya (Elista), Karachayevo-Cherkesiya (Cherkessk), Kareliya (Petrozavodsk), Khakasiya (Abakan), Komi (Syktyvkar), Mariy-El (Yoshkar-Ola), Mordoviya (Saransk), North Ossetia (Vladikavkaz), Sakha [Yakutiya] (Yakutsk), Tatarstan (Kazan'), Tyva (Kyzyl), Udmurtiya (Izhevsk)</p> <p><strong>autonomous okrugs:</strong> Chukotka (Anadyr'), Khanty-Mansi-Yugra (Khanty-Mansiysk), Nenets (Nar'yan-Mar), Yamalo-Nenets (Salekhard)</p> <p><strong>krays:</strong> Altay (Barnaul), Kamchatka (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy), Khabarovsk, Krasnodar, Krasnoyarsk, Perm', Primorskiy [Maritime] (Vladivostok), Stavropol', Zabaykal'sk [Transbaikal] (Chita)</p> <p><strong>federal cities:</strong> Moscow [Moskva], Saint Petersburg [Sankt-Peterburg]</p> <strong>autonomous oblast:</strong> Yevreyskaya [Jewish] (Birobidzhan)",
"text": "<p>46 provinces (oblasti, singular - oblast), 21 republics (respubliki, singular - respublika), 4 autonomous okrugs (avtonomnyye okrugi, singular - avtonomnyy okrug), 9 krays (kraya, singular - kray), 2 federal cities (goroda, singular - gorod), and 1 autonomous oblast (avtonomnaya oblast')</p> <p><strong>oblasts:</strong> Amur (Blagoveshchensk), Arkhangelsk, Astrakhan, Belgorod, Bryansk, Chelyabinsk, Irkutsk, Ivanovo, Kaliningrad, Kaluga, Kemerovo, Kirov, Kostroma, Kurgan, Kursk, Leningrad, Lipetsk, Magadan, Moscow, Murmansk, Nizhniy Novgorod, Novgorod, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Orenburg, Orel, Penza, Pskov, Rostov, Ryazan, Sakhalin (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk), Samara, Saratov, Smolensk, Sverdlovsk (Yekaterinburg), Tambov, Tomsk, Tula, Tver, Tyumen, Ulyanovsk, Vladimir, Volgograd, Vologda, Voronezh, Yaroslavl</p> <p><strong>republics:</strong> Adygeya (Maykop), Altay (Gorno-Altaysk), Bashkortostan (Ufa), Buryatiya (Ulan-Ude), Chechnya (Groznyy), Chuvashiya (Cheboksary), Dagestan (Makhachkala), Ingushetiya (Magas), Kabardino-Balkariya (Nal'chik), Kalmykiya (Elista), Karachayevo-Cherkesiya (Cherkessk), Kareliya (Petrozavodsk), Khakasiya (Abakan), Komi (Syktyvkar), Mariy-El (Yoshkar-Ola), Mordoviya (Saransk), North Ossetia (Vladikavkaz), Sakha [Yakutiya] (Yakutsk), Tatarstan (Kazan), Tyva (Kyzyl), Udmurtiya (Izhevsk)</p> <p><strong>autonomous okrugs:</strong> Chukotka (Anadyr'), Khanty-Mansi-Yugra (Khanty-Mansiysk), Nenets (Nar'yan-Mar), Yamalo-Nenets (Salekhard)</p> <p><strong>krays:</strong> Altay (Barnaul), Kamchatka (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy), Khabarovsk, Krasnodar, Krasnoyarsk, Perm, Primorskiy [Maritime] (Vladivostok), Stavropol, Zabaykalsk [Transbaikal] (Chita)</p> <p><strong>federal cities:</strong> Moscow [Moskva], Saint Petersburg [Sankt-Peterburg]</p> <strong>autonomous oblast:</strong> Yevreyskaya [Jewish] (Birobidzhan)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses) <br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the United States does not recognize Russia's annexation of Ukraine's Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the municipality of Sevastopol, nor their redesignation as the \"Republic of Crimea\" and the \"Federal City of Sevastopol\""
},
"Independence": {
@ -1061,10 +1061,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "239.796 million (2019)"
"text": "238,733,217 (2020 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "164.39 (2019)"
"text": "164 (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
@ -1275,7 +1275,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "971,417 (Ukraine) (as of 26 May 2022)"
"text": "1,041,095 (border crossings from Ukraine as of 1 June 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "56,960 (mid-year 2021); note - Russia's stateless population consists of Roma, Meskhetian Turks, and ex-Soviet citizens from the former republics; between 2003 and 2010 more than 600,000 stateless people were naturalized; most Meskhetian Turks, followers of Islam with origins in Georgia, fled or were evacuated from Uzbekistan after a 1989 pogrom and have lived in Russia for more than the required five-year residency period; they continue to be denied registration for citizenship and basic rights by local Krasnodar Krai authorities on the grounds that they are temporary illegal migrants"

10
central-asia/ti.json
View file

@ -281,7 +281,7 @@
"text": "7.1% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "2.1 physicians/1,000 population (2014)"
"text": "1.72 physicians/1,000 population (2014)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "4.7 beds/1,000 population (2014)"
@ -1108,7 +1108,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Armed Forces of the Republic of Tajikistan: Land Forces, Mobile Forces, Air and Air Defense Forces; National Guard; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Internal Troops (reserves for Armed Forces in wartime); State Committee on National Security: Border Guard Forces (2021)"
"text": "Armed Forces of the Republic of Tajikistan: Land Forces, Mobile Forces, Air and Air Defense Forces; National Guard; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Internal Troops (reserves for Armed Forces in wartime); State Committee on National Security: Border Guard Forces (2022)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
@ -1128,16 +1128,16 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 9,500 active troops (8,000 Land and Mobile Forces; 1,500 Air and Air Defense Forces) (2021)"
"text": "approximately 9,500 active troops (8,000 Land and Mobile Forces; 1,500 Air and Air Defense Forces) (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Tajikistan Armed Forces' inventory is comprised of older Russian and Soviet-era equipment; it has received limited quantities of weapons systems since 2010, most of which was second-hand material from Russia (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory or voluntary military service for men; 24-month conscript service obligation; in August 2021, the Tajik Government began allowing men to pay a fee in order to avoid conscription (2021)"
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory or voluntary military service for men; 24-month conscript service obligation; in August 2021, the Tajik Government began allowing men to pay a fee in order to avoid conscription (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Tajikistan has been a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) since 1994 and contributes troops to CSTO's rapid reaction force"
"text": "Tajikistan has been a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) since 1994 and contributes troops to CSTO's rapid reaction force (2022)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

10
central-asia/tx.json
View file

@ -1089,7 +1089,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Armed Forces of Turkmenistan: Land Forces, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces; Federal Border Guard Service (2021)"
"text": "Armed Forces of Turkmenistan: Land Forces, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces; Federal Border Guard Service; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Internal Troops (2022)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
@ -1109,16 +1109,16 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "information varies; estimated 30,000 active troops (est. 25,000 National Army; 1,000 Navy; 4,000 Air and Air Defense Forces) (2021)"
"text": "information varies; estimated 30,000 active troops (est. 25,000 National Army; 1,000 Navy; 4,000 Air and Air Defense Forces) (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the inventory for Turkmenistan's military is comprised largely of older Russian and Soviet-era weapons systems; since 2010, however, it has attempted to diversify and purchased equipment from more than a dozen countries, with Turkey as the top supplier (2021)"
"text": "the inventory for Turkmenistan's military is comprised largely of older Russian and Soviet-era weapons systems; since 2010, however, it has attempted to diversify and purchased equipment from more than a dozen countries, with Turkey as the top supplier (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-30 years of age for compulsory male military service; 2-year conscript service obligation (2.5 years for the Navy); 20 years of age for voluntary service (including females); males may enroll in military schools from age 15 (2021)"
"text": "18-30 years of age for compulsory male military service; 2-year conscript service obligation (2.5 years for the Navy); 20 years of age for voluntary service (including females); males may enroll in military schools from age 15 (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>as of 2021, Turkmenistan continued to pursue a nationalist and isolationist security policy and has declined to participate in post-Soviet military groupings such as the Collective Security Treaty Organization military alliance (CSTO) and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO); however, in September 2020, it participated in a Russian-led multinational military exercise held in southern Russia’s Astrakhan region alongside Russian, Chinese, Pakistani, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tajik, Uzbek, Mongolian, Syrian, Iranian, Egyptian, Belarusian, Turkish, Armenian, and Azerbaijani contingents</p> <p>as of 2021, Turkmenistan was trying to improve its naval capabilities on the Caspian Sea by expanding ship building capabilities and adding larger vessels to the Navy’s inventory; in 2018, it opened its first naval shipyard and in August 2021, the Navy commissioned its largest warship, a corvette that was jointly constructed with Turkey</p>"
"text": "<p>as of 2022, Turkmenistan continued to pursue a nationalist and isolationist security policy and has declined to participate in post-Soviet military groupings such as the Collective Security Treaty Organization military alliance (CSTO) and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO); however, in September 2020, it participated in a Russian-led multinational military exercise held in southern Russia’s Astrakhan region alongside Russian, Chinese, Pakistani, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tajik, Uzbek, Mongolian, Syrian, Iranian, Egyptian, Belarusian, Turkish, Armenian, and Azerbaijani contingents</p> <p>as of 2022, Turkmenistan continued efforts to improve its naval capabilities on the Caspian Sea, including expanding ship building capabilities and adding larger vessels to the Navy’s inventory; in 2018, it opened its first naval shipyard and in August 2021, the Navy commissioned its largest warship, a corvette that was jointly constructed with Turkey</p>"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

10
central-asia/uz.json
View file

@ -1095,7 +1095,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Armed Forces of Uzbekistan: Army, Air and Air Defense Forces; National Guard; Ministry of Interior: Internal Security Troops, Border Guards, Security Service (2021)",
"text": "Armed Forces of Uzbekistan: Army, Air and Air Defense Forces; National Guard; Ministry of Interior: Internal Security Troops, Border Guards (2022)",
"note": "note - the National Guard, also under the Ministry of Defense, ensures public order and security of diplomatic missions, radio and television broadcasting, and other state entities"
},
"Military expenditures": {
@ -1116,16 +1116,16 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "information varies; approximately 60,000 total active troops, including 10-15,000 Air Force (2021)"
"text": "information varies; approximately 60,000 total active troops, including 10-15,000 Air Force (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Uzbek Armed Forces use mainly Soviet-era equipment; since 2010, Russia has been the leading supplier of arms, followed by China (2021)"
"text": "the Uzbek Armed Forces use mainly Soviet-era equipment; since 2010, Russia has been the leading supplier of arms, followed by China (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory military service; 1-year conscript service obligation for males (conscripts have the option of paying for a shorter service of one month while remaining in the reserves until the age of 27); Uzbek citizens who have completed their service terms in the armed forces have privileges in employment and admission to higher educational institutions (2021)"
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory military service; 1-year conscript service obligation for males (conscripts have the option of paying for a shorter service of one month while remaining in the reserves until the age of 27); Uzbek citizens who have completed their service terms in the armed forces have privileges in employment and admission to higher educational institutions (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the Uzbek armed forces were established in January 1992, following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, when the newly-established Ministry for Defense Affairs assumed jurisdiction over all former Soviet ground, air, and air defense units, formations, and installations then deployed on its soil; the building hosting the headquarters for the ex-Soviet Turkestan Military District became the headquarters for the Uzbek armed forces; all former Soviet troops departed Uzbekistan by 1995; as of 2021, Uzbekistan continued to maintain bilateral defense ties with Russia based on a 2005 mutual security agreement</p> <p>as of 2021, Uzbekistan was not part of the Russian-sponsored Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) that is comprised of former Soviet Republics; Uzbekistan joined in the 1990s but withdrew in 1999; it returned in 2006 but left again in 2012</p>"
"text": "<p>the Uzbek armed forces were established in January 1992, following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, when the newly-established Ministry for Defense Affairs assumed jurisdiction over all former Soviet ground, air, and air defense units, formations, and installations then deployed on its soil; the building hosting the headquarters for the ex-Soviet Turkestan Military District became the headquarters for the Uzbek armed forces; all former Soviet troops departed Uzbekistan by 1995; as of 2022, Uzbekistan continued to maintain bilateral defense ties with Russia based on a 2005 mutual security agreement</p> <p>as of 2022, Uzbekistan was not part of the Russian-sponsored Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) that is comprised of former Soviet Republics; Uzbekistan joined in the 1990s but withdrew in 1999; it returned in 2006 but left again in 2012</p>"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

6
east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Burma, colonized by Britain in the 19th century and granted independence post-World War II, contains ethnic Burman and scores of other ethnic and religious minority groups that have all resisted external efforts to consolidate control of the country throughout its history, extending to the several minority groups today that possess independent fighting forces and control pockets of territory. Burman and armed ethnic minorities fought off-and-on until military Gen. NE WIN seized power in 1962. He ruled Burma until 1988 when a military junta took control. In 1990, the junta permitted an election but then rejected the results when the main opposition National League for Democracy (NLD) and its leader AUNG SAN SUU KYI (ASSK) won in a landslide. The junta placed ASSK under house arrest for much of the next 20 years, until November 2010. In 2007, rising fuel prices in Burma led pro-democracy activists and Buddhist monks to launch a \"Saffron Revolution\" consisting of large protests against the ruling junta, which violently suppressed the movement by killing an unknown number of participants and arresting thousands. The regime prevented new elections until it had drafted a constitution designed to preserve its control; it passed the new constitution in its 2008 referendum, days after Cyclone Nargis killed at least 138,000. The junta conducted an election in 2010, but the NLD boycotted the vote, and the military’s Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP) easily won; international observers denounced the election as flawed. <br><br>With former or current military officers installed in its most senior positions, Burma began a halting process of political and economic reforms. Officials freed prisoners, brokered ceasefires with ethnic armed organizations (EAOs), amended courts, expanded civil liberties, brought ASSK into government in 2012, and permitted the NLD in 2015 to take power after a sweeping electoral win.  However, Burma’s first credibly elected civilian government, with ASSK as the de facto head of state, faced strong headwinds after five decades of military dictatorship. The NLD government drew international criticism for blocking investigations of Burma’s military for operations, which the U.S. Department of State determined constituted genocide, on its Rohingya population that killed thousands and forced more than 740,000 Rohingya to flee into neighboring Bangladesh. The military did not support an NLD pledge in 2019 to examine reforming the military’s 2008 constitution. When the 2020 elections resulted in further NLD gains, the military denounced them as fraudulent. This challenge led Commander-in-Chief Sr. General MIN AUNG HLAING (MAH) to launch a coup in February 2021 that has left Burma reeling with the return to authoritarian rule, the detention of ASSK and thousands of pro-democracy actors, and renewed brutal repression against protestors, widespread violence, and economic decline.</p>"
"text": "<p>Burma, colonized by Britain in the 19th century and granted independence post-World War II, contains ethnic Burman and scores of other ethnic and religious minority groups that have all resisted external efforts to consolidate control of the country throughout its history, extending to the several minority groups today that possess independent fighting forces and control pockets of territory. Burman and armed ethnic minorities fought off-and-on until military Gen. NE WIN seized power in 1962. He ruled Burma until 1988 when a military junta took control. In 1990, the junta permitted an election but then rejected the results when the main opposition National League for Democracy (NLD) and its leader AUNG SAN SUU KYI (ASSK) won in a landslide. The junta placed ASSK under house arrest for much of the next 20 years, until November 2010. In 2007, rising fuel prices in Burma led pro-democracy activists and Buddhist monks to launch a \"Saffron Revolution\" consisting of large protests against the ruling junta, which violently suppressed the movement by killing an unknown number of participants and arresting thousands. The regime prevented new elections until it had drafted a constitution designed to preserve its control; it passed the new constitution in its 2008 referendum, days after Cyclone Nargis killed at least 138,000. The junta conducted an election in 2010, but the NLD boycotted the vote, and the military’s Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP) easily won; international observers denounced the election as flawed. <br><br>With former or current military officers installed in its most senior positions, Burma began a halting process of political and economic reforms. Officials freed prisoners, brokered ceasefires with ethnic armed organizations (EAOs), amended courts, expanded civil liberties, brought ASSK into government in 2012, and permitted the NLD in 2015 to take power after a sweeping electoral win.  However, Burma’s first credibly elected civilian government, with ASSK as the de facto head of state, faced strong headwinds after five decades of military dictatorship. The NLD government drew international criticism for blocking investigations of Burma’s military for operations, which the US Department of State determined constituted genocide, on its Rohingya population that killed thousands and forced more than 740,000 Rohingya to flee into neighboring Bangladesh. The military did not support an NLD pledge in 2019 to examine reforming the military’s 2008 constitution. When the 2020 elections resulted in further NLD gains, the military denounced them as fraudulent. This challenge led Commander-in-Chief Sr. General MIN AUNG HLAING (MAH) to launch a coup in February 2021 that has left Burma reeling with the return to authoritarian rule, the detention of ASSK and thousands of pro-democracy actors, and renewed brutal repression against protestors, widespread violence, and economic decline.</p> <p>Since the coup and subsequent crackdown, lawmakers elected in the November 2020 election and members of parliament ousted by the military have formed a shadow National Unity Government (NUG). Members of the NUG include representatives from the NLD, ethnic minority groups, civil society, and other minor parties. In May 2021, the NUG announced the formation of an an armed wing called the People's Defense Force, and in September announced the start of an insurgency against the military junta that has continued into 2022.</p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -297,7 +297,7 @@
"text": "4.7% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "0.68 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
"text": "0.74 physicians/1,000 population (2019)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "1 beds/1,000 population (2017)"
@ -1236,7 +1236,7 @@
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>a major source of illicit methamphetamine and opiates; illicit import of precursor chemicals from China increased production and trafficking of synthetic drugs; second-largest opium poppy cultivator in Asia, with an estimated 20,200 hectares grown in 2019; “Yaba,” a tablet containing methamphetamine, caffeine, and other stimulants, is produced in Burma and trafficked regionally; ethnic armed organizations, military-affiliated militias, and transnational criminal organizations oversee billion dollar a drug production and trafficking industry; drugs produced in Burma are trafficked beyond Southeast Asia to Australia, New Zealand, and Japan; not a major source or transit country for drugs entering the United States</p> <p> </p>"
"text": "<p>a major source of illicit methamphetamine and opiates; illicit import of precursor chemicals from China increased production and trafficking of synthetic drugs; second-largest opium poppy cultivator in Asia, with an estimated 20,200 hectares grown in 2019; “Yaba,” a tablet containing methamphetamine, caffeine, and other stimulants, is produced in Burma and trafficked regionally; ethnic armed organizations, military-affiliated militias, and transnational criminal organizations oversee billion dollar a drug production and trafficking industry; drugs produced in Burma are trafficked beyond Southeast Asia to Australia, New Zealand, and Japan; not a major source or transit country for drugs entering the United States</p> <p> </p> (2021)"
}
}
}

2
east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json
View file

@ -1215,7 +1215,7 @@
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>manufacture of methamphetamine expanding due to  transnational crime syndicates moving from China to evade the law; drugs destined for Australia, Japan, New Zealand and the Republic of Korea and the rest of East and South-East Asia</p>"
"text": "<p>manufacture of methamphetamine expanding due to  transnational crime syndicates moving from China to evade the law; drugs destined for Australia, Japan, New Zealand and the Republic of Korea and the rest of East and South-East Asia</p> (2021)"
}
}
}

16
east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json
View file

@ -302,7 +302,7 @@
"text": "5.4% (2019)"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "1.98 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
"text": "2.23 physicians/1,000 population (2019)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "4.3 beds/1,000 population (2017)"
@ -349,7 +349,7 @@
"soil contact diseases": {
"text": "hantaviral hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing an outbreak of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in China; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; the US Department of State has issued a do not travel advisory for China due to COVID-19; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has also recommended against travel to China and published additional guidance at https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/warning/novel-coronavirus-china; the US Department of Homeland Security has issued instructions requiring US passengers who have been in China to travel through select airports where the US Government has implemented enhanced screening procedures; as of 30 March 2022, China has reported a total of 899,803 cases of COVID-19 or 61.15 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 13,062 cumulative deaths or a rate 0.88 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 29 March 2022, 88.32% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing an outbreak of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in China; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; the US Department of State has issued a do not travel advisory for China due to COVID-19; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has also recommended against travel to China and published additional guidance at https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/warning/novel-coronavirus-china; the US Department of Homeland Security has issued instructions requiring US passengers who have been in China to travel through select airports where the US Government has implemented enhanced screening procedures; as of 6 June 2022, China has reported a total of 3,392,315 cases of COVID-19 or 230.57 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 17,551 cumulative deaths or a rate 1.19 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 1 June 2022, 89.36% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
},
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
"text": "6.2% (2016)"
@ -467,7 +467,7 @@
"soil contact diseases": {
"text": "hantaviral hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing an outbreak of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in China; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; the US Department of State has issued a do not travel advisory for China due to COVID-19; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has also recommended against travel to China and published additional guidance at https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/warning/novel-coronavirus-china; the US Department of Homeland Security has issued instructions requiring US passengers who have been in China to travel through select airports where the US Government has implemented enhanced screening procedures; as of 30 March 2022, China has reported a total of 899,803 cases of COVID-19 or 61.15 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 13,062 cumulative deaths or a rate 0.88 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 29 March 2022, 88.32% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing an outbreak of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in China; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; the US Department of State has issued a do not travel advisory for China due to COVID-19; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has also recommended against travel to China and published additional guidance at https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/warning/novel-coronavirus-china; the US Department of Homeland Security has issued instructions requiring US passengers who have been in China to travel through select airports where the US Government has implemented enhanced screening procedures; as of 6 June 2022, China has reported a total of 3,392,315 cases of COVID-19 or 230.57 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 17,551 cumulative deaths or a rate 1.19 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 1 June 2022, 89.36% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
@ -1155,22 +1155,22 @@
},
"Railways": {
"total": {
"text": "50,000 km (2018) 1.435-m gauge (100,000 km electrified); 104,0000 traditional, 29,000 high-speed"
"text": "150,000 km (2021) 1.435-m gauge (100,000 km electrified); 104,0000 traditional, 40,000 high-speed"
}
},
"Roadways": {
"total": {
"text": "45.2 million km (2017)"
"text": "45.2 million km (2020)"
},
"paved": {
"text": "4.578 million km (2017) (includes 168000 km of expressways)"
"text": "4.578 million km (2020) (includes 168000 km of expressways)"
},
"unpaved": {
"text": "622,000 km (2017)"
}
},
"Waterways": {
"text": "27,700 km (2011) (navigable waterways)"
"text": "27,700 km (2020) (navigable waterways)"
},
"Merchant marine": {
"total": {
@ -1258,7 +1258,7 @@
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>a major source of precursor chemicals, new psychoactive substances (NPS), and synthetic drugs, including fentanyl precursors and methamphetamine;  PRC criminal organizations and organizations from Mexico and Southeast Asia traffic illicit drugs within the PRC as well as to international markets; significant illicit drug consumption of methamphetamine and ketamine; a major destination and transit country for heroin produced in neighboring countries; the PRC remains a major source of NPS sold in North America and Europe  </p> <p> </p>"
"text": "<p>a major source of precursor chemicals, new psychoactive substances (NPS), and synthetic drugs, including fentanyl precursors and methamphetamine;  PRC criminal organizations, transnational crime, and organizations from Mexico and Southeast Asia traffic licit precursor chemical components and illicit finished drugs within the PRC as well as to international markets; significant illicit drug consumption of methamphetamine and ketamine; a major destination and transit country for heroin produced in neighboring countries; the PRC remains a major source of NPS sold in North America and Europe  </p> <p> </p> (2021)"
}
}
}

6
east-n-southeast-asia/hk.json
View file

@ -270,7 +270,7 @@
"text": "NA"
},
"Physicians density": {
"text": "2 physicians/1,000 population (2019)"
"text": "2.04 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
},
"Hospital bed density": {
"text": "4.9 beds/1,000 population (2020)"
@ -967,10 +967,10 @@
},
"Roadways": {
"total": {
"text": "2,107 km (2017)"
"text": "2,193 km (2021)"
},
"paved": {
"text": "2,107 km (2017)"
"text": "2,193 km (2021)"
}
},
"Merchant marine": {

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