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@ -23,7 +23,8 @@
},
"water": {
"text": "10 sq km"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 129
},
"Area - comparative": {
"text": "slightly smaller than West Virginia"
@ -40,9 +41,7 @@
"text": "20 km"
},
"Maritime claims": {
"note": {
"text": "NA"
}
"note": "NA"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "hot summers and cold winters; areas of high elevation have short, cool summers and long, severe winters; mild, rainy winters along coast"
@ -104,7 +103,8 @@
},
"People and Society": {
"Population": {
"text": "3,835,586 (July 2020 est.)"
"text": "3,835,586 (July 2020 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 131
},
"Nationality": {
"noun": {
@ -116,9 +116,7 @@
},
"Ethnic groups": {
"text": "Bosniak 50.1%, Serb 30.8%, Croat 15.4%, other 2.7%, not declared/no answer 1% (2013 est.)",
"note": {
"text": "note: Republika Srpska authorities dispute the methodology and refuse to recognize the results; Bosniak has replaced Muslim as an ethnic term in part to avoid confusion with the religious term Muslim - an adherent of Islam"
}
"note": "note: Republika Srpska authorities dispute the methodology and refuse to recognize the results; Bosniak has replaced Muslim as an ethnic term in part to avoid confusion with the religious term Muslim - an adherent of Islam"
},
"Languages": {
"text": "Bosnian (official) 52.9%, Serbian (official) 30.8%, Croatian (official) 14.6%, other 1.6%, no answer 0.2% (2013 est.)"
@ -166,19 +164,24 @@
},
"female": {
"text": "44.8 years (2020 est.)"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 27
},
"Population growth rate": {
"text": "-0.19% (2020 est.)"
"text": "-0.19% (2020 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 208
},
"Birth rate": {
"text": "8.6 births/1,000 population (2020 est.)"
"text": "8.6 births/1,000 population (2020 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 214
},
"Death rate": {
"text": "10.2 deaths/1,000 population (2020 est.)"
"text": "10.2 deaths/1,000 population (2020 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 33
},
"Net migration rate": {
"text": "-0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2020 est.)"
"text": "-0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2020 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 122
},
"Population distribution": {
"text": "the northern and central areas of the country are the most densely populated"
@ -221,7 +224,8 @@
"text": "27.3 years (2017 est.)"
},
"Maternal mortality rate": {
"text": "10 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)"
"text": "10 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 143
},
"Infant mortality rate": {
"total": {
@ -232,7 +236,8 @@
},
"female": {
"text": "5.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2020 est.)"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 175
},
"Life expectancy at birth": {
"total population": {
@ -243,10 +248,12 @@
},
"female": {
"text": "80.7 years (2020 est.)"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 79
},
"Total fertility rate": {
"text": "1.33 children born/woman (2020 est.)"
"text": "1.33 children born/woman (2020 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 221
},
"Contraceptive prevalence rate": {
"text": "45.8% (2011/12)"
@ -286,10 +293,12 @@
"text": "<100 (2018)"
},
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
"text": "17.9% (2016)"
"text": "17.9% (2016)",
"country comparison to the world": 118
},
"Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
"text": "1.6% (2012)"
"text": "1.6% (2012)",
"country comparison to the world": 118
},
"Education expenditures": {
"text": "NA"
@ -328,7 +337,8 @@
},
"female": {
"text": "37.9% (2019 est.)"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 25
}
},
"Government": {
@ -371,9 +381,7 @@
"daylight saving time": {
"text": "+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October"
},
"note": {
"text": "etymology: the name derives from the Turkish noun \"saray,\" meaning \"palace\" or \"mansion,\" and the term \"ova,\" signifying \"plain(s),\" to give a meaning of \"palace plains\" or \"the plains about the palace\""
}
"note": "etymology: the name derives from the Turkish noun \"saray,\" meaning \"palace\" or \"mansion,\" and the term \"ova,\" signifying \"plain(s),\" to give a meaning of \"palace plains\" or \"the plains about the palace\""
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "3 first-order administrative divisions - Brcko District (Brcko Distrikt) (ethnically mixed), Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine) (predominantly Bosniak-Croat), Republika Srpska (predominantly Serb)"
@ -383,9 +391,7 @@
},
"National holiday": {
"text": "Independence Day, 1 March (1992) and Statehood Day, 25 November (1943) - both observed in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina entity; Victory Day, 9 May (1945) and Dayton Agreement Day, 21 November (1995) - both observed in the Republika Srpska entity",
"note": {
"text": "note: there is no national-level holiday"
}
"note": "note: there is no national-level holiday"
},
"Constitution": {
"history": {
@ -434,9 +440,7 @@
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote - Milorad DODIK (SNSD) 53.9% - Serb seat; Zeljko KOMSIC (DF) 52.6% - Croat seat; Sefik DZAFEROVIC (SDA) 36.6% - Bosniak seat"
},
"note": {
"text": "note: President of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Marinko CAVARA (since 11 February 2015); Vice Presidents Melika MAHMUTBEGOVIC (since 11 February 2015), Milan DUNOVIC (since 11 February 2015); President of the Republika Srpska Zeljka CVIJANOVIC (since 18 November 2018); Vice Presidents Ramiz SALKIC (since 24 November 2014), Josip JERKOVIC (since 24 November 2014)"
}
"note": "note: President of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Marinko CAVARA (since 11 February 2015); Vice Presidents Melika MAHMUTBEGOVIC (since 11 February 2015), Milan DUNOVIC (since 11 February 2015); President of the Republika Srpska Zeljka CVIJANOVIC (since 18 November 2018); Vice Presidents Ramiz SALKIC (since 24 November 2014), Josip JERKOVIC (since 24 November 2014)"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
@ -505,9 +509,7 @@
},
"Flag description": {
"text": "a wide blue vertical band on the fly side with a yellow isosceles triangle abutting the band and the top of the flag; the remainder of the flag is blue with seven full five-pointed white stars and two half stars top and bottom along the hypotenuse of the triangle; the triangle approximates the shape of the country and its three points stand for the constituent peoples - Bosniaks, Croats, and Serbs; the stars represent Europe and are meant to be continuous (thus the half stars at top and bottom); the colors (white, blue, and yellow) are often associated with neutrality and peace, and traditionally are linked with Bosnia",
"note": {
"text": "note: one of several flags where a prominent component of the design reflects the shape of the country; other such flags are those of Brazil, Eritrea, and Vanuatu"
}
"note": "note: one of several flags where a prominent component of the design reflects the shape of the country; other such flags are those of Brazil, Eritrea, and Vanuatu"
},
"National symbol(s)": {
"text": "golden lily; national colors: blue, yellow, white"
@ -519,9 +521,7 @@
"lyrics/music": {
"text": "none officially; Dusan SESTIC and Benjamin ISOVIC/Dusan SESTIC"
},
"note": {
"text": "note: music adopted 1999; lyrics proposed in 2009 and others in 2016 were not approved; a parliamentary committee launched a new initiative for lyrics in February 2018"
}
"note": "note: music adopted 1999; lyrics proposed in 2009 and others in 2016 were not approved; a parliamentary committee launched a new initiative for lyrics in February 2018"
}
},
"Economy": {
@ -530,24 +530,24 @@
},
"GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"text": "$44.83 billion (2017 est.) / $43.54 billion (2016 est.) / $42.19 billion (2015 est.)",
"note": {
"text": "note: data are in 2017 dollars"
}
"note": "note: data are in 2017 dollars",
"country comparison to the world": 113
},
"GDP (official exchange rate)": {
"text": "$18.17 billion (2017 est.)"
},
"GDP - real growth rate": {
"text": "3% (2017 est.) / 3.2% (2016 est.) / 3.1% (2015 est.)"
"text": "3% (2017 est.) / 3.2% (2016 est.) / 3.1% (2015 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 98
},
"GDP - per capita (PPP)": {
"text": "$12,800 (2017 est.) / $12,400 (2016 est.) / $11,900 (2015 est.)",
"note": {
"text": "note: data are in 2017 dollars"
}
"note": "note: data are in 2017 dollars",
"country comparison to the world": 122
},
"Gross national saving": {
"text": "11% of GDP (2017 est.) / 11.1% of GDP (2016 est.) / 10.5% of GDP (2015 est.)"
"text": "11% of GDP (2017 est.) / 11.1% of GDP (2016 est.) / 10.5% of GDP (2015 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 158
},
"GDP - composition, by end use": {
"household consumption": {
@ -587,10 +587,12 @@
"text": "steel, coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, manganese, bauxite, aluminum, motor vehicle assembly, textiles, tobacco products, wooden furniture, ammunition, domestic appliances, oil refining"
},
"Industrial production growth rate": {
"text": "3% (2017 est.)"
"text": "3% (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 102
},
"Labor force": {
"text": "806,000 (2020 est.)"
"text": "806,000 (2020 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 145
},
"Labor force - by occupation": {
"agriculture": {
@ -605,9 +607,8 @@
},
"Unemployment rate": {
"text": "33.28% (2019 est.) / 35.97% (2018 est.)",
"note": {
"text": "note: official rate; actual rate is lower as many technically unemployed persons work in the gray economy"
}
"note": "note: official rate; actual rate is lower as many technically unemployed persons work in the gray economy",
"country comparison to the world": 209
},
"Population below poverty line": {
"text": "16.9% (2015 est.)"
@ -629,28 +630,32 @@
}
},
"Taxes and other revenues": {
"text": "44% (of GDP) (2017 est.)"
"text": "44% (of GDP) (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 26
},
"Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
"text": "2.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)"
"text": "2.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 15
},
"Public debt": {
"text": "39.5% of GDP (2017 est.) / 44.1% of GDP (2016 est.)",
"note": {
"text": "note: data cover general government debt and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions."
}
"note": "note: data cover general government debt and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions.",
"country comparison to the world": 130
},
"Fiscal year": {
"text": "calendar year"
},
"Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
"text": "1.2% (2017 est.) / -1.1% (2016 est.)"
"text": "1.2% (2017 est.) / -1.1% (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 62
},
"Current account balance": {
"text": "-$873 million (2017 est.) / -$821 million (2016 est.)"
"text": "-$873 million (2017 est.) / -$821 million (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 138
},
"Exports": {
"text": "$5.205 billion (2017 est.) / $4.288 billion (2016 est.)"
"text": "$5.205 billion (2017 est.) / $4.288 billion (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 106
},
"Exports - partners": {
"text": "Germany 14.7%, Croatia 11.8%, Italy 11.1%, Serbia 10%, Slovenia 9%, Austria 8.3% (2017)"
@ -659,7 +664,8 @@
"text": "metals, clothing, wood products"
},
"Imports": {
"text": "$9.547 billion (2017 est.) / $8.337 billion (2016 est.)"
"text": "$9.547 billion (2017 est.) / $8.337 billion (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 102
},
"Imports - commodities": {
"text": "machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs"
@ -668,10 +674,12 @@
"text": "Germany 11.6%, Italy 11.3%, Serbia 11.1%, Croatia 10.1%, China 6.5%, Slovenia 5%, Russia 4.7%, Turkey 4.2% (2017)"
},
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
"text": "$6.474 billion (31 December 2017 est.) / $5.137 billion (31 December 2016 est.)"
"text": "$6.474 billion (31 December 2017 est.) / $5.137 billion (31 December 2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 90
},
"Debt - external": {
"text": "$10.87 billion (31 December 2017 est.) / $10.64 billion (31 December 2016 est.)"
"text": "$10.87 billion (31 December 2017 est.) / $10.64 billion (31 December 2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 111
},
"Exchange rates": {
"text": "konvertibilna markas (BAM) per US dollar - / 1.729 (2017 est.) / 1.7674 (2016 est.) / 1.7674 (2015 est.) / 1.7626 (2014 est.) / 1.4718 (2013 est.)"
@ -684,73 +692,96 @@
}
},
"Electricity - production": {
"text": "16.99 billion kWh (2016 est.)"
"text": "16.99 billion kWh (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 86
},
"Electricity - consumption": {
"text": "11.87 billion kWh (2016 est.)"
"text": "11.87 billion kWh (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 89
},
"Electricity - exports": {
"text": "6.007 billion kWh (2015 est.)"
"text": "6.007 billion kWh (2015 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 31
},
"Electricity - imports": {
"text": "3.084 billion kWh (2016 est.)"
"text": "3.084 billion kWh (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 49
},
"Electricity - installed generating capacity": {
"text": "4.676 million kW (2016 est.)"
"text": "4.676 million kW (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 83
},
"Electricity - from fossil fuels": {
"text": "49% of total installed capacity (2016 est.)"
"text": "49% of total installed capacity (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 153
},
"Electricity - from nuclear fuels": {
"text": "0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)"
"text": "0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 53
},
"Electricity - from hydroelectric plants": {
"text": "51% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)"
"text": "51% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 35
},
"Electricity - from other renewable sources": {
"text": "1% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)"
"text": "1% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 148
},
"Crude oil - production": {
"text": "0 bbl/day (2018 est.)"
"text": "0 bbl/day (2018 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 113
},
"Crude oil - exports": {
"text": "0 bbl/day (2015 est.)"
"text": "0 bbl/day (2015 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 96
},
"Crude oil - imports": {
"text": "18,480 bbl/day (2015 est.)"
"text": "18,480 bbl/day (2015 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 64
},
"Crude oil - proved reserves": {
"text": "0 bbl (1 January 2018 est.)"
"text": "0 bbl (1 January 2018 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 109
},
"Refined petroleum products - production": {
"text": "0 bbl/day (2015 est.)"
"text": "0 bbl/day (2015 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 121
},
"Refined petroleum products - consumption": {
"text": "32,000 bbl/day (2016 est.)"
"text": "32,000 bbl/day (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 118
},
"Refined petroleum products - exports": {
"text": "4,603 bbl/day (2015 est.)"
"text": "4,603 bbl/day (2015 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 92
},
"Refined petroleum products - imports": {
"text": "18,280 bbl/day (2015 est.)"
"text": "18,280 bbl/day (2015 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 129
},
"Natural gas - production": {
"text": "0 cu m (2017 est.)"
"text": "0 cu m (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 107
},
"Natural gas - consumption": {
"text": "226.5 million cu m (2017 est.)"
"text": "226.5 million cu m (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 103
},
"Natural gas - exports": {
"text": "0 cu m (2017 est.)"
"text": "0 cu m (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 72
},
"Natural gas - imports": {
"text": "226.5 million cu m (2017 est.)"
"text": "226.5 million cu m (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 70
},
"Natural gas - proved reserves": {
"text": "0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.)"
"text": "0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 113
},
"Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy": {
"text": "22.07 million Mt (2017 est.)"
"text": "22.07 million Mt (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 84
}
},
"Communications": {
@ -760,7 +791,8 @@
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "23.95 (2019 est.)"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 77
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
@ -768,7 +800,8 @@
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "111.91 (2019 est.)"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 126
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
@ -780,9 +813,7 @@
"international": {
"text": "country code - 387; no satellite earth stations"
},
"note": {
"text": "note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated"
}
"note": "note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated"
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "3 public TV broadcasters: Radio and TV of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Federation TV (operating 2 networks), and Republika Srpska Radio-TV; a local commercial network of 5 TV stations; 3 private, near-national TV stations and dozens of small independent TV broadcasting stations; 3 large public radio broadcasters and many private radio stations"
@ -796,7 +827,8 @@
},
"percent of population": {
"text": "70.12% (July 2018 est.)"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 104
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
@ -804,7 +836,8 @@
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "18 (2018 est.)"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 77
}
},
"Transportation": {
@ -826,7 +859,8 @@
"text": "T9 (2016)"
},
"Airports": {
"text": "24 (2013)"
"text": "24 (2013)",
"country comparison to the world": 129
},
"Airports - with paved runways": {
"total": {
@ -868,7 +902,8 @@
},
"standard gauge": {
"text": "965 km 1.435-m gauge (565 km electrified) (2014)"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 90
},
"Roadways": {
"total": {
@ -879,7 +914,8 @@
},
"unpaved": {
"text": "3,500 km (2010)"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 109
},
"Waterways": {
"text": "(Sava River on northern border; open to shipping but use limited) (2011)"
@ -895,7 +931,8 @@
"text": "Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Oruzanih Snaga Bosne i Hercegovine, OSBiH): Operations Command (includes Army, Air, and Air Defense units), Support Command (2019)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"text": "0.9% of GDP (2019) / 0.9% of GDP (2018) / 0.9% of GDP (2017) / 0.9% of GDP (2016) / 1% of GDP (2015)"
"text": "0.9% of GDP (2019) / 0.9% of GDP (2018) / 0.9% of GDP (2017) / 0.9% of GDP (2016) / 1% of GDP (2015)",
"country comparison to the world": 126
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "the Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina have approximately 9,200 active duty personnel (2019)"
@ -910,9 +947,7 @@
"Terrorism": {
"Terrorist group(s)": {
"text": "Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps/Qods Force (2019)",
"note": {
"text": "note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T"
}
"note": "note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {
@ -929,9 +964,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "75 (2019)"
},
"note": {
"text": "note: 68,087 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-October 2020)"
}
"note": "note: 68,087 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-October 2020)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "increasingly a transit point for heroin being trafficked to Western Europe; minor transit point for marijuana; remains highly vulnerable to money-laundering activity given a primarily cash-based and unregulated economy, weak law enforcement, and instances of corruption"