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@ -23,7 +23,8 @@
},
"water": {
"text": "24,800 sq km"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 22
},
"Area - comparative": {
"text": "almost nine times the size of New York state; slightly more than three times the size of California"
@ -40,9 +41,7 @@
"text": "0 km (landlocked)"
},
"Maritime claims": {
"note": {
"text": "none (landlocked)"
}
"note": "none (landlocked)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "tropical in south, desert in north"
@ -99,14 +98,13 @@
}
},
"Geography - note": {
"note": {
"text": "note 1: Chad is the largest of Africa's 16 landlocked countries ++ note 2: not long ago - geologically speaking - what is today the Sahara was green savannah teeming with wildlife; during the African Humid Period, roughly 11,000 to 5,000 years ago, a vibrant animal community, including elephants, giraffes, hippos, and antelope lived there; the last remnant of the \"Green Sahara\" exists in the Lakes of Ounianga (oo-nee-ahn-ga) in northern Chad, a series of 18 interconnected freshwater, saline, and hypersaline lakes now protected as a World Heritage site ++ note 3: Lake Chad, the most significant water body in the Sahel, is a remnant of a former inland sea, paleolake Mega-Chad; at its greatest extent, sometime before 5000 B.C., Lake Mega-Chad was the largest of four Saharan paleolakes that existed during the African Humid Period; it covered an area of about 400,000 sq km (150,000 sq mi), roughly the size of today's Caspian Sea"
}
"note": "note 1: Chad is the largest of Africa's 16 landlocked countries ++ note 2: not long ago - geologically speaking - what is today the Sahara was green savannah teeming with wildlife; during the African Humid Period, roughly 11,000 to 5,000 years ago, a vibrant animal community, including elephants, giraffes, hippos, and antelope lived there; the last remnant of the \"Green Sahara\" exists in the Lakes of Ounianga (oo-nee-ahn-ga) in northern Chad, a series of 18 interconnected freshwater, saline, and hypersaline lakes now protected as a World Heritage site ++ note 3: Lake Chad, the most significant water body in the Sahel, is a remnant of a former inland sea, paleolake Mega-Chad; at its greatest extent, sometime before 5000 B.C., Lake Mega-Chad was the largest of four Saharan paleolakes that existed during the African Humid Period; it covered an area of about 400,000 sq km (150,000 sq mi), roughly the size of today's Caspian Sea"
}
},
"People and Society": {
"Population": {
"text": "16,877,357 (July 2020 est.)"
"text": "16,877,357 (July 2020 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 71
},
"Nationality": {
"noun": {
@ -168,19 +166,24 @@
},
"female": {
"text": "16.5 years (2020 est.)"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 224
},
"Population growth rate": {
"text": "3.18% (2020 est.)"
"text": "3.18% (2020 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 7
},
"Birth rate": {
"text": "41.7 births/1,000 population (2020 est.)"
"text": "41.7 births/1,000 population (2020 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 6
},
"Death rate": {
"text": "10 deaths/1,000 population (2020 est.)"
"text": "10 deaths/1,000 population (2020 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 38
},
"Net migration rate": {
"text": "-0.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2020 est.)"
"text": "-0.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2020 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 102
},
"Population distribution": {
"text": "the population is unevenly distributed due to contrasts in climate and physical geography; the highest density is found in the southwest, particularly around Lake Chad and points south; the dry Saharan zone to the north is the least densely populated as shown in this population distribution map"
@ -221,12 +224,11 @@
},
"Mother's mean age at first birth": {
"text": "17.9 years (2014/15 est.)",
"note": {
"text": "note: median age at first birth among women 25-29"
}
"note": "note: median age at first birth among women 25-29"
},
"Maternal mortality rate": {
"text": "1,140 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)"
"text": "1,140 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 2
},
"Infant mortality rate": {
"total": {
@ -237,7 +239,8 @@
},
"female": {
"text": "62.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2020 est.)"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 5
},
"Life expectancy at birth": {
"total population": {
@ -248,10 +251,12 @@
},
"female": {
"text": "60.1 years (2020 est.)"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 221
},
"Total fertility rate": {
"text": "5.68 children born/woman (2020 est.)"
"text": "5.68 children born/woman (2020 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 5
},
"Contraceptive prevalence rate": {
"text": "5.7% (2014/15)"
@ -279,13 +284,16 @@
}
},
"HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate": {
"text": "1.2% (2019 est.)"
"text": "1.2% (2019 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 38
},
"HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS": {
"text": "120,000 (2019 est.)"
"text": "120,000 (2019 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 40
},
"HIV/AIDS - deaths": {
"text": "3,200 (2019 est.)"
"text": "3,200 (2019 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 32
},
"Major infectious diseases": {
"degree of risk": {
@ -308,13 +316,16 @@
}
},
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
"text": "6.1% (2016)"
"text": "6.1% (2016)",
"country comparison to the world": 170
},
"Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
"text": "29.4% (2015)"
"text": "29.4% (2015)",
"country comparison to the world": 7
},
"Education expenditures": {
"text": "2.9% of GDP (2013)"
"text": "2.9% of GDP (2013)",
"country comparison to the world": 140
},
"Literacy": {
"definition": {
@ -359,9 +370,7 @@
"etymology": {
"text": "named for Lake Chad, which lies along the country's western border; the word \"tsade\" means \"large body of water\" or \"lake\" in several local native languages"
},
"note": {
"text": "note: the only country whose name is composed of a single syllable with a single vowel"
}
"note": "note: the only country whose name is composed of a single syllable with a single vowel"
},
"Government type": {
"text": "presidential republic"
@ -376,9 +385,7 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": {
"text": "etymology: name taken from the Arab name of a nearby village, Nijamina, meaning \"place of rest\""
}
"note": "etymology: name taken from the Arab name of a nearby village, Nijamina, meaning \"place of rest\""
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "23 regions (regions, singular - region); Barh-El-Gazel, Batha, Borkou, Chari-Baguirmi, Ennedi-Est, Ennedi-Ouest, Guera, Hadjer-Lamis, Kanem, Lac, Logone Occidental, Logone Oriental, Mandoul, Mayo-Kebbi-Est, Mayo-Kebbi-Ouest, Moyen-Chari, N'Djamena, Ouaddai, Salamat, Sila, Tandjile, Tibesti, Wadi-Fira"
@ -447,9 +454,7 @@
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - MPS 117, UNDR 10, RDP 9, RNDT/Le Reveil 8, URD 8, Viva-RNDP 5, FAR 4, CTPD 2, PDSA 2, PUR 2, UDR 2, other 19; composition - men 164, women 24, percent of women 12.8%"
},
"note": {
"text": "note: the National Assembly mandate was extended to 2020, reportedly due to a lack of funding for the scheduled 2015 election; the MPS has held a majority in the NA since 1997"
}
"note": "note: the National Assembly mandate was extended to 2020, reportedly due to a lack of funding for the scheduled 2015 election; the MPS has held a majority in the NA since 1997"
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
@ -501,9 +506,7 @@
},
"Flag description": {
"text": "three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), gold, and red; the flag combines the blue and red French (former colonial) colors with the red and yellow (gold) of the Pan-African colors; blue symbolizes the sky, hope, and the south of the country, which is relatively well-watered; gold represents the sun, as well as the desert in the north of the country; red stands for progress, unity, and sacrifice",
"note": {
"text": "note: almost identical to the flag of Romania but with a darker shade of blue; also similar to the flags of Andorra and Moldova, both of which have a national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; design based on the flag of France"
}
"note": "note: almost identical to the flag of Romania but with a darker shade of blue; also similar to the flags of Andorra and Moldova, both of which have a national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; design based on the flag of France"
},
"National symbol(s)": {
"text": "goat (north), lion (south); national colors: blue, yellow, red"
@ -515,9 +518,7 @@
"lyrics/music": {
"text": "Louis GIDROL and his students/Paul VILLARD"
},
"note": {
"text": "note: adopted 1960"
}
"note": "note: adopted 1960"
}
},
"Economy": {
@ -526,24 +527,24 @@
},
"GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"text": "$28.62 billion (2017 est.) / $29.55 billion (2016 est.) / $31.58 billion (2015 est.)",
"note": {
"text": "note: data are in 2017 dollars"
}
"note": "note: data are in 2017 dollars",
"country comparison to the world": 134
},
"GDP (official exchange rate)": {
"text": "$9.872 billion (2017 est.)"
},
"GDP - real growth rate": {
"text": "-3.1% (2017 est.) / -6.4% (2016 est.) / 1.8% (2015 est.)"
"text": "-3.1% (2017 est.) / -6.4% (2016 est.) / 1.8% (2015 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 211
},
"GDP - per capita (PPP)": {
"text": "$2,300 (2017 est.) / $2,500 (2016 est.) / $2,700 (2015 est.)",
"note": {
"text": "note: data are in 2017 dollars"
}
"note": "note: data are in 2017 dollars",
"country comparison to the world": 202
},
"Gross national saving": {
"text": "15.5% of GDP (2017 est.) / 7.5% of GDP (2016 est.) / 13.3% of GDP (2015 est.)"
"text": "15.5% of GDP (2017 est.) / 7.5% of GDP (2016 est.) / 13.3% of GDP (2015 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 133
},
"GDP - composition, by end use": {
"household consumption": {
@ -583,10 +584,12 @@
"text": "oil, cotton textiles, brewing, natron (sodium carbonate), soap, cigarettes, construction materials"
},
"Industrial production growth rate": {
"text": "-4% (2017 est.)"
"text": "-4% (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 192
},
"Labor force": {
"text": "5.654 million (2017 est.)"
"text": "5.654 million (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 72
},
"Labor force - by occupation": {
"agriculture": {
@ -597,9 +600,7 @@
}
},
"Unemployment rate": {
"note": {
"text": "NA"
}
"note": "NA"
},
"Population below poverty line": {
"text": "46.7% (2011 est.)"
@ -621,25 +622,31 @@
}
},
"Taxes and other revenues": {
"text": "13.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)"
"text": "13.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 206
},
"Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
"text": "-1.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)"
"text": "-1.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 89
},
"Public debt": {
"text": "52.5% of GDP (2017 est.) / 52.4% of GDP (2016 est.)"
"text": "52.5% of GDP (2017 est.) / 52.4% of GDP (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 94
},
"Fiscal year": {
"text": "calendar year"
},
"Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
"text": "-0.9% (2017 est.) / -1.1% (2016 est.)"
"text": "-0.9% (2017 est.) / -1.1% (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 2
},
"Current account balance": {
"text": "-$558 million (2017 est.) / -$926 million (2016 est.)"
"text": "-$558 million (2017 est.) / -$926 million (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 124
},
"Exports": {
"text": "$2.464 billion (2017 est.) / $2.187 billion (2016 est.)"
"text": "$2.464 billion (2017 est.) / $2.187 billion (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 132
},
"Exports - partners": {
"text": "US 38.7%, China 16.6%, Netherlands 15.7%, UAE 12.2%, India 6.3% (2017)"
@ -648,7 +655,8 @@
"text": "oil, livestock, cotton, sesame, gum arabic, shea butter"
},
"Imports": {
"text": "$2.16 billion (2017 est.) / $1.997 billion (2016 est.)"
"text": "$2.16 billion (2017 est.) / $1.997 billion (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 164
},
"Imports - commodities": {
"text": "machinery and transportation equipment, industrial goods, foodstuffs, textiles"
@ -657,10 +665,12 @@
"text": "China 19.9%, Cameroon 17.2%, France 17%, US 5.4%, India 4.9%, Senegal 4.5% (2017)"
},
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
"text": "$22.9 million (31 December 2017 est.) / $20.92 million (31 December 2016 est.)"
"text": "$22.9 million (31 December 2017 est.) / $20.92 million (31 December 2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 190
},
"Debt - external": {
"text": "$1.724 billion (31 December 2017 est.) / $1.281 billion (31 December 2016 est.)"
"text": "$1.724 billion (31 December 2017 est.) / $1.281 billion (31 December 2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 153
},
"Exchange rates": {
"text": "Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF) per US dollar - / 605.3 (2017 est.) / 593.01 (2016 est.) / 593.01 (2015 est.) / 591.45 (2014 est.) / 494.42 (2013 est.)"
@ -682,73 +692,96 @@
}
},
"Electricity - production": {
"text": "224.3 million kWh (2016 est.)"
"text": "224.3 million kWh (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 190
},
"Electricity - consumption": {
"text": "208.6 million kWh (2016 est.)"
"text": "208.6 million kWh (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 192
},
"Electricity - exports": {
"text": "0 kWh (2016 est.)"
"text": "0 kWh (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 120
},
"Electricity - imports": {
"text": "0 kWh (2016 est.)"
"text": "0 kWh (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 134
},
"Electricity - installed generating capacity": {
"text": "48,200 kW (2016 est.)"
"text": "48,200 kW (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 192
},
"Electricity - from fossil fuels": {
"text": "98% of total installed capacity (2016 est.)"
"text": "98% of total installed capacity (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 28
},
"Electricity - from nuclear fuels": {
"text": "0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)"
"text": "0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 65
},
"Electricity - from hydroelectric plants": {
"text": "0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)"
"text": "0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 164
},
"Electricity - from other renewable sources": {
"text": "3% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)"
"text": "3% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 123
},
"Crude oil - production": {
"text": "132,000 bbl/day (2018 est.)"
"text": "132,000 bbl/day (2018 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 40
},
"Crude oil - exports": {
"text": "70,440 bbl/day (2015 est.)"
"text": "70,440 bbl/day (2015 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 37
},
"Crude oil - imports": {
"text": "0 bbl/day (2015 est.)"
"text": "0 bbl/day (2015 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 109
},
"Crude oil - proved reserves": {
"text": "1.5 billion bbl (1 January 2018 est.)"
"text": "1.5 billion bbl (1 January 2018 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 38
},
"Refined petroleum products - production": {
"text": "0 bbl/day (2015 est.)"
"text": "0 bbl/day (2015 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 130
},
"Refined petroleum products - consumption": {
"text": "2,300 bbl/day (2016 est.)"
"text": "2,300 bbl/day (2016 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 193
},
"Refined petroleum products - exports": {
"text": "0 bbl/day (2015 est.)"
"text": "0 bbl/day (2015 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 143
},
"Refined petroleum products - imports": {
"text": "2,285 bbl/day (2015 est.)"
"text": "2,285 bbl/day (2015 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 189
},
"Natural gas - production": {
"text": "0 cu m (2017 est.)"
"text": "0 cu m (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 116
},
"Natural gas - consumption": {
"text": "0 cu m (2017 est.)"
"text": "0 cu m (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 132
},
"Natural gas - exports": {
"text": "0 cu m (2017 est.)"
"text": "0 cu m (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 82
},
"Natural gas - imports": {
"text": "0 cu m (2017 est.)"
"text": "0 cu m (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 106
},
"Natural gas - proved reserves": {
"text": "0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.)"
"text": "0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 122
},
"Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy": {
"text": "342,200 Mt (2017 est.)"
"text": "342,200 Mt (2017 est.)",
"country comparison to the world": 190
}
},
"Communications": {
@ -758,7 +791,8 @@
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 201
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
@ -766,7 +800,8 @@
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "48.06 (2019 est.)"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 99
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
@ -778,9 +813,7 @@
"international": {
"text": "country code - 235; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)"
},
"note": {
"text": "note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated"
}
"note": "note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated"
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "1 state-owned TV station; 2 privately-owned TV stations; state-owned radio network, Radiodiffusion Nationale Tchadienne (RNT), operates national and regional stations; over 10 private radio stations; some stations rebroadcast programs from international broadcasters (2017)"
@ -794,7 +827,8 @@
},
"percent of population": {
"text": "6.5% (July 2018 est.)"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 140
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
@ -802,7 +836,8 @@
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)"
}
},
"country comparison to the world": 202
}
},
"Transportation": {
@ -815,7 +850,8 @@
}
},
"Airports": {
"text": "59 (2013)"
"text": "59 (2013)",
"country comparison to the world": 80
},
"Airports - with paved runways": {
"total": {
@ -861,9 +897,8 @@
"total": {
"text": "40,000 km (2018)"
},
"note": {
"text": "note: consists of 25,000 km of national and regional roads and 15,000 km of local roads; 206 km of urban roads are paved"
}
"note": "note: consists of 25,000 km of national and regional roads and 15,000 km of local roads; 206 km of urban roads are paved",
"country comparison to the world": 89
},
"Waterways": {
"text": "(Chari and Legone Rivers are navigable only in wet season) (2012)"
@ -872,12 +907,11 @@
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Chadian National Army (Armee Nationale du Tchad, ANT): Ground Forces (l'Armee de Terre, AdT), Chadian Air Force (l'Armee de l'Air Tchadienne, AAT), General Direction of the Security Services of State Institutions (Direction Generale des Services de Securite des Institutions de l'Etat, GDSSIE); National Gendarmerie; National Nomadic Guard of Chad (GNNT) (2019)",
"note": {
"text": "note(s): the GDSSIE, formerly known as the Republican Guard, is the presidential guard force and considered an elite military unit; it is comprised of men from President DEBY's own Zaghawa ethnic group; the Chadian Army also includes the US-trained and equipped Special Anti-Terrorist Group (SATG)"
}
"note": "note(s): the GDSSIE, formerly known as the Republican Guard, is the presidential guard force and considered an elite military unit; it is comprised of men from President DEBY's own Zaghawa ethnic group; the Chadian Army also includes the US-trained and equipped Special Anti-Terrorist Group (SATG)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"text": "2.2% of GDP (2019) / 2.3% of GDP (2018) / 2.2% of GDP (2017) / 1.8% of GDP (2016) / 2% of GDP (2015)"
"text": "2.2% of GDP (2019) / 2.3% of GDP (2018) / 2.2% of GDP (2017) / 1.8% of GDP (2016) / 2% of GDP (2015)",
"country comparison to the world": 42
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "the Chadian National Army (ANT) has approximately 34,000 active personnel (29,000 Ground Forces; 300 Air Force; 4,500 General Direction of the Security Services of State Institutions); 5,000 National Gendarmerie; 3,500 National Nomadic Guard of Chad (2019 est.)"
@ -898,9 +932,7 @@
"Terrorism": {
"Terrorist group(s)": {
"text": "Boko Haram; Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham – West Africa (2020)",
"note": {
"text": "note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T"
}
"note": "note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {