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auto-update week 49
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@ -1161,7 +1161,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
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"text": "approximately 100,000 active troops (mostly Army; 5-6,000 Air Force and Navy) (2023)"
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"text": "approximately 100,000 active troops (2024)"
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},
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"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
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"text": "most Angolan military weapons and equipment are of Russian or Soviet-era origin; there are smaller quantities of items originating from such suppliers as China, Brazil, and South Africa (2024)"
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@ -650,10 +650,10 @@
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},
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"National heritage": {
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"total World Heritage Sites": {
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"text": "2 (1 cultural, 1 natural)"
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"text": "3 (2 cultural, 1 natural)"
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},
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"selected World Heritage Site locales": {
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"text": "Royal Palaces of Abomey (c); W-Arly-Pendjari Complex (n)"
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"text": "Royal Palaces of Abomey (c); W-Arly-Pendjari Complex (n); Koutammakou, the Land of the Batammariba (c)"
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}
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}
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},
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@ -1068,7 +1068,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
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"text": "approximately 25-30,000 active-duty troops, the majority of which are ground forces (2023)"
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"text": "approximately 30,000 active-duty troops (2024)"
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},
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"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
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"text": "the military has a mix of mostly older weapons and equipment typically of French, Russian, and Soviet origin, and a smaller selection of more modern secondhand equipment from such countries as China, South Africa, and the US (2024)"
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@ -1087,7 +1087,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
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"text": "the military has approximately 1,000-1,200 personnel (2023)"
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"text": "the military has approximately 1,000 personnel (2023)"
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},
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"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
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"text": "the FACV has a limited amount of mostly dated or second-hand equipment, largely from China, some European countries, and the former Soviet Union (2024)"
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@ -587,7 +587,7 @@
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate or Majlis Al-Shiyoukh (300 seats; 100 members directly elected in single seat constituencies, 100 directly elected by closed party-list vote, and 100 appointed by the president; note - the upper house, previously the Shura Council, was eliminated in the 2014 constitution, reestablished as the Senate, following passage in a 2019 constitutional referendum and approved by the House of Representatives in June 2020 <br>House of Representatives or Majlis Al-Nowaab (596 seats; 448 members directly elected by individual candidacy system, 120 members - with quotas for women, youth, Christians and workers - elected in party-list constituencies by simple majority popular vote, and 28 members appointed by the president; members of both houses serve 5-year terms"
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"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate or Majlis Al-Shiyoukh (300 seats; 100 members directly elected in single seat constituencies, 100 directly elected by closed party-list vote, and 100 appointed by the president<br>House of Representatives or Majlis Al-Nowaab (596 seats; 448 members directly elected by individual candidacy system, 120 members - with quotas for women, youth, Christians and workers - elected in party-list constituencies by simple majority popular vote, and 28 members appointed by the president; members of both houses serve 5-year terms"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "Senate - first round held on 11-12 August 2020 (9-10 August for diaspora); second round held on 8-9 September (6-7 September for diaspora) (next to be held in 2025)<br>House of Representatives - last held 24-25 October and 7-8 November 2020) (next to be held in 2025)"
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@ -681,10 +681,10 @@
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},
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"National heritage": {
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"total World Heritage Sites": {
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"text": "11 (9 cultural, 2 natural)"
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"text": "12 (10 cultural, 2 natural)"
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},
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"selected World Heritage Site locales": {
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"text": "Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela (c); Simien National Park (n); Fasil Ghebbi, Gondar Region (c); Axum (c); Lower Valley of the Awash (c); Lower Valley of the Omo (c); Tiya (c); Harar Jugol, the Fortified Historic Town (c); Konso Cultural Landscape (c); Gedeo Cultural Landscape (c)"
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"text": "<p>Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela (c); Simien National Park (n); Fasil Ghebbi, Gondar Region (c); Aksum (c); Lower Valley of the Awash (c); Lower Valley of the Omo (c); Tiya (c); Harar Jugol, the Fortified Historic Town (c); Konso Cultural Landscape (c); Gedeo Cultural Landscape (c); Bale Mountains National Park (n); Melka Kunture and Balchit: Archaeological and Palaeontological Sites in the Highland Area of Ethiopia (c)</p>"
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}
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}
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},
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@ -1093,13 +1093,13 @@
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"text": "estimated 3,000 military personnel (2023)"
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},
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"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
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"text": "the military of Gambia has a limited inventory of mostly older or donated equipment originating from several suppliers, including China, Turkey, the UK, and the US (2023)"
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"text": "the military of Gambia has a limited inventory of mostly older, obsolescent, or donated equipment originating from several suppliers, including Taiwan, Turkey, the UK, and the US (2024)"
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},
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"Military service age and obligation": {
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"text": "18-25 years of age for male and female voluntary military service (18-22 for officers); no conscription; service obligation six months (2024)"
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"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary service for men and women (18-22 for officers); no conscription; service obligation six months (2024)"
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},
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"Military - note": {
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"text": "the Gambian security forces have a history of involvement in domestic politics, including multiple coups attempts and mutinies, with the latest being an attempted coup in 2022; since 2017, Gambia’s security sector has been undergoing reforms as part of a national reconstruction effort to recover from the 22 years of Yahya JAMMEH’s autocratic rule under which the security forces were severely under-resourced in terms of finances and equipment and were largely directed towards regime protection and suppressing dissent; international partners, including member states of the EU, particularly France and Germany, as well as Turkey and the US have provided support to military and police reforms; several members of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) have also provided security forces for stability, plus assistance and training through the ECOWAS Mission in the Gambia (ECOMIG); as of 2023, ECOMIG continued to provide about 1,000 military and gendarmerie personnel from Ghana, Nigeria, and Senegal<br><br>the GAF is a small and lightly armed force responsible for external defense, providing maritime security, countering human trafficking, and aiding civil authorities in emergencies and natural disaster relief; it also engages in activities such as engineering, education, health, and agriculture for domestic socio-economic development; the GAF participates in peacekeeping missions, and since its first deployments in the 1990s, has been involved in more than 10 UN peacekeeping missions while contributing about 4,000 total troops <br><br>the GAF traces its origins to the Gambia Regiment of the British Army; established in 1901, the Gambia Regiment was part of the West African Frontier Force (WAFF, later Royal West African Frontier Force or RWAFF) and served in both World Wars, including the British 1944-45 military campaign in Burma; the Gambia Regiment was disbanded in 1958 and replaced by the Field Force, a police paramilitary unit; the Field Force was responsible for The Gambia’s security until the establishment of the GAF in 1985; in addition, a defense agreement signed in 1965 between The Gambia and Senegal provided mutual assistance in the face of an external threat; from 1981-1989, The Gambia and Senegal formed a Confederal Army that was made up of troops from both countries (2023)"
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"text": "the Gambian security forces have a history of involvement in domestic politics, including multiple coups attempts and mutinies, with the latest being an attempted coup in 2022; since 2017, Gambia’s security sector has been undergoing reforms as part of a national reconstruction effort to recover from the 22 years of Yahya JAMMEH’s autocratic rule under which the security forces were severely under-resourced in terms of finances and equipment and were largely directed towards regime protection and suppressing dissent; international partners, including member states of the EU, particularly France and Germany, as well as Turkey and the US have provided assistance for military and police reforms; several members of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) have also provided security forces for stability, plus assistance and training through the ECOWAS Mission in the Gambia (ECOMIG); as of 2024, Ghana, Nigeria, and Senegal were providing military and gendarmerie personnel for ECOMIG<br><br>the GAF is a small and lightly armed force responsible for external defense, including maritime security, and aiding civil authorities in emergencies and natural disaster relief; it also engages in domestic support activities such as engineering, education, health, and agriculture development; the GAF participates in peacekeeping missions, and since its first deployments in the 1990s, has been involved in more than 10 UN peacekeeping missions while contributing about 4,000 total troops <br><br>the GAF traces its origins to the Gambia Regiment of the British Army; established in 1901, the Gambia Regiment was part of the West African Frontier Force (WAFF, later Royal West African Frontier Force or RWAFF) and served in both World Wars, including the British 1944-45 military campaign in Burma; the Gambia Regiment was disbanded in 1958 and replaced by the Field Force, a police paramilitary unit; the Field Force was responsible for The Gambia’s security until the establishment of the GAF in 1985; in addition, a defense agreement signed in 1965 between The Gambia and Senegal provided mutual assistance in the face of an external threat; from 1981-1989, The Gambia and Senegal formed a Confederal Army that was made up of troops from both countries (2024)"
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}
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},
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"Transnational Issues": {
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@ -486,7 +486,7 @@
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},
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"Constitution": {
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"history": {
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"text": "previous 1961; latest drafted May 1990, adopted 15 March 1991, promulgated 26 March 1991"
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"text": "previous 1961, 1991; latest approved in November 2024 referendum"
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},
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"amendments": {
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"text": "proposed by the president of the republic, by the Council of Ministers, or by one third of either house of Parliament; passage requires Constitutional Court evaluation, at least two-thirds majority vote of two thirds of the Parliament membership convened in joint session, and approval in a referendum; constitutional articles on Gabon’s democratic form of government cannot be amended; amended several times, last in 2023 (presidential term reduced to 5 years and election reduced to a single vote)"
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "Transitional Parliament (formerly the bicameral Parliament) consists of:<br>Senate (70 seats; members appointed by Transitional president; member term NA)<br>National Assembly (98 seats; members appointed by the Transitional president; member term NA) <br>note - all members represent legally recognized political parties or leading political figures, civil society, and defense and security forces"
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"text": "Transitional Parliament (formerly the bicameral Parliament) consists of:<br>Senate (70 seats; members appointed by Transitional president; member term NA)<br>National Assembly (98 seats; members appointed by the Transitional president; member term NA)"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "on 11 September 2023, Transitional President Gen. Brice OLIGUI Nguema appointed 168 members to the Transitional Parliament; elections for a permanent legislature reportedly to follow 2-year transition; note - the military government announced on 13 November 2023 that presidential and legislative elections will be held in August 2025"
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"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
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},
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"elections/appointments": {
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"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single renewable 5-year term; election last held on 31 October 2020 (next to be held in 2025); vice president elected on same ballot as president; prime minister appointed by the president; note – because President OUATTARA promulgated the new constitution in 2016, he has claimed that the clock is reset on term limits, allowing him to run for up to two additional terms"
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"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single renewable 5-year term; election last held on 31 October 2020 (next to be held in October 2025); vice president elected on same ballot as president; prime minister appointed by the president; note – because President OUATTARA promulgated the new constitution in 2016, he has claimed that the clock is reset on term limits, allowing him to run for up to two additional terms"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "<br><em>2020: </em>Alassane OUATTARA reelected president; percent of vote - Alassane OUATTARA (RDR) 94.3%, Kouadio Konan BERTIN (PDCI-RDA) 2.0%, other 3.7%<br><br><em>2015: </em>Alassane OUATTARA reelected president; percent of vote - Alassane OUATTARA (RDR) 83.7%, Pascal Affi N'GUESSAN (FPI) 9.3%, Konan Bertin KOUADIO (independent) 3.9%, other 3.1%"
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@ -520,10 +520,10 @@
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},
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"Executive branch": {
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"chief of state": {
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"text": "President, Presidential Council, Mohammed Al MENFI (since 5 February 2021)"
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"text": "President, Presidential Council, Mohammed al-MANFI (since 5 February 2021)"
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},
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"head of government": {
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"text": "GNU Interim Prime Minister Abdul Hamid DUBAYBAH (since 5 February 2021)"
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"text": "GNU Interim Prime Minister Abd-al-Hamid DUBAYBAH (since 5 February 2021)"
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},
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"elections/appointments": {
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"text": "<p>Libya’s first direct presidential election, scheduled for 24 December 2021, was not held; no new date has been set for elections</p>"
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"text": "Cabinet named by the president"
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},
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"elections/appointments": {
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"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 23 June 2020 (next to be held in 2025) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
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"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 23 June 2020 (next to be held in June 2025) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "<br><em>2020: </em>Lazarus CHAKWERA elected president; Lazarus CHAKWERA (MCP) 59.3%, Peter Mutharika (DPP) 39.9%, other 0.8% <p><em>2014:</em> Peter MUTHARIKA elected president; percent of vote - Peter MUTHARIKA (DPP) 36.4%, Lazarus CHAKWERA (MCP) 27.8%, Joyce BANDA (PP) 20.2%, Atupele MULUZI (UDF) 13.7%, other 1.9% </p>"
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"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 29 June 2024 (next to be held in June 2029); prime minister appointed by the president"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "<em><br>2024:</em> Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI re-elected president in first round; percent of vote - Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI (UPR) 56.1%, Biram Dah Ould ABEID (independent) 22.1%, Hamadi Sidi el MOKHTAR independent) 12.8%, other 9.0%<br><em><br>2019:</em> Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI elected president in first round; percent of vote - Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI (UPR) 52%, Biram Dah Ould ABEID (independent) 18.6%, Sidi Mohamed Ould BOUBACAR (independent) 17.9%, other 11.5%"
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"text": "<em><br>2024:</em> Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI (UPR) 56.1%, Biram Dah Ould ABEID (independent) 22.1%, Hamadi Sidi el MOKHTAR independent) 12.8%, other 9.0%<br><em><br>2019:</em> Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI elected president in first round; percent of vote - Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI (UPR) 52%, Biram Dah Ould ABEID (independent) 18.6%, Sidi Mohamed Ould BOUBACAR (independent) 17.9%, other 11.5%"
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}
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in 2020, the Nigerien Government announced it intended to increase the size of the FAN to 50,000 by 2025 and 100,000 by 2030"
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},
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"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
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"text": "the FAN has a wide mix of mostly older, typically Soviet-era, or donated/secondhand weapons and equipment, along with small quantities of more modern items such as unmanned aerial vehicles/drones and air defense systems; suppliers have included China, Egypt, France, Italy, Russia, Turkey, and the US (2024)"
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"text": "the FAN has a wide mix of mostly older, typically Soviet-era, or donated/secondhand weapons and equipment, along with small quantities of more modern items such as unmanned aerial vehicles/drones and air defense systems; suppliers have included China, Egypt, France, Italy, Russia, Turkey, and the US (2024)"
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},
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"Military service age and obligation": {
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"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for selective compulsory or voluntary military service for unmarried men and women; 24-month service term (2023)"
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"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president"
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},
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"elections/appointments": {
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"text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 29 May 2024 (next to be held in 2029) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
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"text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 29 May 2024 (next to be held in May 2029) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "<br><em>2024: </em>Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (ANC) elected president by the National Assembly unopposed<em><br><br>2019: </em>Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (ANC) elected president by the National Assembly unopposed<br><br><em>2014:</em> Jacob ZUMA (ANC) reelected president by the National Assembly unopposed <p> </p>"
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"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
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},
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"elections/appointments": {
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"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single, renewable 5-year term; election last held on 24 March 2024 (next to be held in 2029)"
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"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single, renewable 5-year term; election last held on 24 March 2024 (next to be held in March 2029)"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "<em><br>2024:</em> Bassirou Diomaye FAYE elected president in first round; percent of vote - Bassirou Diomaye FAYE (PASTEF) 54%, Amadou BA (APR) 36%, other 10%<br><em><em><br>2019:</em></em> Macky SALL reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Macky SALL (APR) 58.3%, Idrissa SECK (Rewmi) 20.5%, Ousmane SONKO (PASTEF) 15.7%, other 5.5% <p> </p>"
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},
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"Executive branch": {
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"chief of state": {
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"text": "President Julius Maada BIO (since 27 June 2023) "
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"text": "President Julius Maada BIO (since 27 June 2023)"
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},
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"head of government": {
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"text": "President Julius Maada BIO (since 27 June 2023)"
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"text": "Ministers of State appointed by the president, approved by Parliament; the cabinet is responsible to the president"
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},
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"elections/appointments": {
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"text": "president directly elected by 55% in the first round or absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 24 June 2023 (next to be held in 2028) note - the president is chief of state, head of government, and Minister of Defense"
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"text": "president directly elected by 55% in the first round or absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 24 June 2023 (next to be held in June 2028) note - the president is chief of state, head of government, and Minister of Defense"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "<br><em>2023: </em>Julius Maada BIO reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Julius Maada BIO (SLPP) 56.2%, Samura KAMARA (APC) 41.2%, other 2.6%<br><em><br>2018: </em>Julius Maada BIO elected president in second round; percent of vote - Julius Maada BIO (SLPP) 51.8%, Samura KAMARA (APC) 48.2%"
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},
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"National heritage": {
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"total World Heritage Sites": {
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"text": "3 (2 cultural, 1 natural)"
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"text": "4 (3 cultural, 1 natural)"
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},
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"selected World Heritage Site locales": {
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"text": "Ruins of Loropéni (c); Ancient Ferrous Metallurgy Sites (c); W-Arly-Pendjari Complex (n)"
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"text": "<p>Ruins of Loropéni (c); Ancient Ferrous Metallurgy Sites of Burkina Faso (c); W-Arly-Pendjari Complex (n); Royal Court of Tiébélé (c)</p>"
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}
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}
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},
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}
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},
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"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
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"text": "approximately 15,500 personnel (10,000 Army; 500 Air Force; 5,000 National Gendarmerie) (2023)",
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"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in 2022, government authorities announced a special recruitment for up to 6,000 additional soldiers and 1,500 gendarmes to assist with its fight against terrorist groups operating in the country; the government also put out a recruitment call for up to 100,000 VDP volunteers, and as of 2023 claimed about 50,000 had volunteered (the VDP's original recruited strength was 15,000)<br><strong><br><br></strong>"
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"text": "approximately 15-20,000 Armed Forces personnel; approximately 50,000 Homeland Defense Volunteers (2024)",
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"note": "<br><strong><br><br></strong>"
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},
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"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
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"text": "the FABF has a mix of older, secondhand, and some modern equipment from a variety of suppliers, including China, Egypt, France, Russia, South Africa, Turkey, the UK, and the US (2024)"
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},
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"Military service age and obligation": {
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"text": "18-26 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women (2023)",
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"text": "18-26 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; citizens 18-77 years of age are eligible to volunteer for the VDP (2023)",
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the military government implemented an emergency law in 2023 that allows the president extensive powers to combat terrorist groups operating in the country, including conscripting citizens into the security services"
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},
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"Military - note": {
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},
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"Executive branch": {
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"chief of state": {
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||||
"text": "Acting President Nangolo MBUMBA (since 4 February 2024) "
|
||||
"text": "Acting President Nangolo MBUMBA (since 4 February 2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "Acting President Nangolo MBUMBA (since 4 February 2024)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -559,10 +559,10 @@
|
|||
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president from among members of the National Assembly"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 28 November 2019 (next to be held in November 2024) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; note- President Hage GEINGOB died on 4 February 2024, and Vice President MBUMBA was sworn in to run the government until the next presidential election in November 2024"
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 27 November 2024 (next to be held in November 2029) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; note- President Hage GEINGOB died on 4 February 2024, and Vice President MBUMBA was sworn in to run the government until the next presidential election in November 2024"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<br><em>2019:</em> Hage GEINGOB reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Hage GEINGOB (SWAPO) 56.3%, Panduleni ITULA (independent) 29.4%, McHenry VENAANI (PDM) 5.3%, other .9% <p><em>2014:</em> Hage GEINGOB elected president in the first round; percent of vote - Hage GEINGOB (SWAPO) 86.7%, McHenry VENAANI (DTA) 5%, Hidipo HAMUTENYA (RDP) 3.4%, Asser MBAI (NUDO)1.9%, Henk MUDGE (RP) 1%, other 2%</p>"
|
||||
"text": "<em>2024:</em> Netumbo Nandi-NDAITWAH elected president in the first round; percent of vote -Netumbo Nandi-NDAITWAH (SWAPO) 57%, Panduleni ITULA (IPC) 26%, McHenry VENAANI (PDM) 5.10%, Bernadus SWARTBOOI (LPM) 4.72%, Job AMUPANDA (AR) 1.80%, Hendrik GAOBEAB (UDF) 1.16%; other 3.31%<br><br><em>2019:</em> Hage GEINGOB reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Hage GEINGOB (SWAPO) 56.3%, Panduleni ITULA (independent) 29.4%, McHenry VENAANI (PDM) 5.3%, other .9% <p> </p>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -538,7 +538,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "bicameral Parliament or Libandla consists of:<br> Senate (30 seats; 20 members appointed by the monarch and 10 indirectly elected by simple majority vote by the House of Assembly; members serve 5-year terms)<br>House of Assembly (70 seats statutory, current 69; 59 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies or tinkhundla by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed, 10 members appointed by the monarch, and 1 ex-officio member - the attorney general; members serve 5-year terms)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "Senate - last election held on 12 October 2023 , senate fully constituted on November 5 when monarch appointed remaining 20 senators; (next to be held in 2028)<br>House of Assembly - last held on 29 September 2023 (next to be held in 2028) <p> </p>"
|
||||
"text": "Senate - last election held on 12 October 2023 , senate fully constituted on November 5 when monarch appointed remaining 20 senators; (next to be held in 2028)<br>House of Assembly - last held on 29 September 2023 (next to be held in 2028)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "Senate - percent of seats by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 16, women 14, percentage women 46.7%<br><br>House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independent 59; composition - men 58, women 16, percent of women 17.14%; total Parliament percentage women 28.8%"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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Reference in a new issue