mirror of
https://github.com/factbook/factbook.json.git
synced 2026-06-10 18:55:12 +02:00
auto-update week 49
This commit is contained in:
Yo Robot
parent
f8716b61f7
commit
0b68f7b508
47 changed files with 90 additions and 91 deletions
|
|
@ -1161,7 +1161,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
"text": "approximately 100,000 active troops (mostly Army; 5-6,000 Air Force and Navy) (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "approximately 100,000 active troops (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "most Angolan military weapons and equipment are of Russian or Soviet-era origin; there are smaller quantities of items originating from such suppliers as China, Brazil, and South Africa (2024)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -650,10 +650,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"National heritage": {
|
||||
"total World Heritage Sites": {
|
||||
"text": "2 (1 cultural, 1 natural)"
|
||||
"text": "3 (2 cultural, 1 natural)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"selected World Heritage Site locales": {
|
||||
"text": "Royal Palaces of Abomey (c); W-Arly-Pendjari Complex (n)"
|
||||
"text": "Royal Palaces of Abomey (c); W-Arly-Pendjari Complex (n); Koutammakou, the Land of the Batammariba (c)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1068,7 +1068,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
"text": "approximately 25-30,000 active-duty troops, the majority of which are ground forces (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "approximately 30,000 active-duty troops (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the military has a mix of mostly older weapons and equipment typically of French, Russian, and Soviet origin, and a smaller selection of more modern secondhand equipment from such countries as China, South Africa, and the US (2024)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1087,7 +1087,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
"text": "the military has approximately 1,000-1,200 personnel (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "the military has approximately 1,000 personnel (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the FACV has a limited amount of mostly dated or second-hand equipment, largely from China, some European countries, and the former Soviet Union (2024)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -587,7 +587,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
"description": {
|
||||
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate or Majlis Al-Shiyoukh (300 seats; 100 members directly elected in single seat constituencies, 100 directly elected by closed party-list vote, and 100 appointed by the president; note - the upper house, previously the Shura Council, was eliminated in the 2014 constitution, reestablished as the Senate, following passage in a 2019 constitutional referendum and approved by the House of Representatives in June 2020 <br>House of Representatives or Majlis Al-Nowaab (596 seats; 448 members directly elected by individual candidacy system, 120 members - with quotas for women, youth, Christians and workers - elected in party-list constituencies by simple majority popular vote, and 28 members appointed by the president; members of both houses serve 5-year terms"
|
||||
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate or Majlis Al-Shiyoukh (300 seats; 100 members directly elected in single seat constituencies, 100 directly elected by closed party-list vote, and 100 appointed by the president<br>House of Representatives or Majlis Al-Nowaab (596 seats; 448 members directly elected by individual candidacy system, 120 members - with quotas for women, youth, Christians and workers - elected in party-list constituencies by simple majority popular vote, and 28 members appointed by the president; members of both houses serve 5-year terms"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "Senate - first round held on 11-12 August 2020 (9-10 August for diaspora); second round held on 8-9 September (6-7 September for diaspora) (next to be held in 2025)<br>House of Representatives - last held 24-25 October and 7-8 November 2020) (next to be held in 2025)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -681,10 +681,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"National heritage": {
|
||||
"total World Heritage Sites": {
|
||||
"text": "11 (9 cultural, 2 natural)"
|
||||
"text": "12 (10 cultural, 2 natural)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"selected World Heritage Site locales": {
|
||||
"text": "Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela (c); Simien National Park (n); Fasil Ghebbi, Gondar Region (c); Axum (c); Lower Valley of the Awash (c); Lower Valley of the Omo (c); Tiya (c); Harar Jugol, the Fortified Historic Town (c); Konso Cultural Landscape (c); Gedeo Cultural Landscape (c)"
|
||||
"text": "<p>Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela (c); Simien National Park (n); Fasil Ghebbi, Gondar Region (c); Aksum (c); Lower Valley of the Awash (c); Lower Valley of the Omo (c); Tiya (c); Harar Jugol, the Fortified Historic Town (c); Konso Cultural Landscape (c); Gedeo Cultural Landscape (c); Bale Mountains National Park (n); Melka Kunture and Balchit: Archaeological and Palaeontological Sites in the Highland Area of Ethiopia (c)</p>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1093,13 +1093,13 @@
|
|||
"text": "estimated 3,000 military personnel (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the military of Gambia has a limited inventory of mostly older or donated equipment originating from several suppliers, including China, Turkey, the UK, and the US (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "the military of Gambia has a limited inventory of mostly older, obsolescent, or donated equipment originating from several suppliers, including Taiwan, Turkey, the UK, and the US (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18-25 years of age for male and female voluntary military service (18-22 for officers); no conscription; service obligation six months (2024)"
|
||||
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary service for men and women (18-22 for officers); no conscription; service obligation six months (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "the Gambian security forces have a history of involvement in domestic politics, including multiple coups attempts and mutinies, with the latest being an attempted coup in 2022; since 2017, Gambia’s security sector has been undergoing reforms as part of a national reconstruction effort to recover from the 22 years of Yahya JAMMEH’s autocratic rule under which the security forces were severely under-resourced in terms of finances and equipment and were largely directed towards regime protection and suppressing dissent; international partners, including member states of the EU, particularly France and Germany, as well as Turkey and the US have provided support to military and police reforms; several members of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) have also provided security forces for stability, plus assistance and training through the ECOWAS Mission in the Gambia (ECOMIG); as of 2023, ECOMIG continued to provide about 1,000 military and gendarmerie personnel from Ghana, Nigeria, and Senegal<br><br>the GAF is a small and lightly armed force responsible for external defense, providing maritime security, countering human trafficking, and aiding civil authorities in emergencies and natural disaster relief; it also engages in activities such as engineering, education, health, and agriculture for domestic socio-economic development; the GAF participates in peacekeeping missions, and since its first deployments in the 1990s, has been involved in more than 10 UN peacekeeping missions while contributing about 4,000 total troops <br><br>the GAF traces its origins to the Gambia Regiment of the British Army; established in 1901, the Gambia Regiment was part of the West African Frontier Force (WAFF, later Royal West African Frontier Force or RWAFF) and served in both World Wars, including the British 1944-45 military campaign in Burma; the Gambia Regiment was disbanded in 1958 and replaced by the Field Force, a police paramilitary unit; the Field Force was responsible for The Gambia’s security until the establishment of the GAF in 1985; in addition, a defense agreement signed in 1965 between The Gambia and Senegal provided mutual assistance in the face of an external threat; from 1981-1989, The Gambia and Senegal formed a Confederal Army that was made up of troops from both countries (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "the Gambian security forces have a history of involvement in domestic politics, including multiple coups attempts and mutinies, with the latest being an attempted coup in 2022; since 2017, Gambia’s security sector has been undergoing reforms as part of a national reconstruction effort to recover from the 22 years of Yahya JAMMEH’s autocratic rule under which the security forces were severely under-resourced in terms of finances and equipment and were largely directed towards regime protection and suppressing dissent; international partners, including member states of the EU, particularly France and Germany, as well as Turkey and the US have provided assistance for military and police reforms; several members of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) have also provided security forces for stability, plus assistance and training through the ECOWAS Mission in the Gambia (ECOMIG); as of 2024, Ghana, Nigeria, and Senegal were providing military and gendarmerie personnel for ECOMIG<br><br>the GAF is a small and lightly armed force responsible for external defense, including maritime security, and aiding civil authorities in emergencies and natural disaster relief; it also engages in domestic support activities such as engineering, education, health, and agriculture development; the GAF participates in peacekeeping missions, and since its first deployments in the 1990s, has been involved in more than 10 UN peacekeeping missions while contributing about 4,000 total troops <br><br>the GAF traces its origins to the Gambia Regiment of the British Army; established in 1901, the Gambia Regiment was part of the West African Frontier Force (WAFF, later Royal West African Frontier Force or RWAFF) and served in both World Wars, including the British 1944-45 military campaign in Burma; the Gambia Regiment was disbanded in 1958 and replaced by the Field Force, a police paramilitary unit; the Field Force was responsible for The Gambia’s security until the establishment of the GAF in 1985; in addition, a defense agreement signed in 1965 between The Gambia and Senegal provided mutual assistance in the face of an external threat; from 1981-1989, The Gambia and Senegal formed a Confederal Army that was made up of troops from both countries (2024)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -486,7 +486,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Constitution": {
|
||||
"history": {
|
||||
"text": "previous 1961; latest drafted May 1990, adopted 15 March 1991, promulgated 26 March 1991"
|
||||
"text": "previous 1961, 1991; latest approved in November 2024 referendum"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"amendments": {
|
||||
"text": "proposed by the president of the republic, by the Council of Ministers, or by one third of either house of Parliament; passage requires Constitutional Court evaluation, at least two-thirds majority vote of two thirds of the Parliament membership convened in joint session, and approval in a referendum; constitutional articles on Gabon’s democratic form of government cannot be amended; amended several times, last in 2023 (presidential term reduced to 5 years and election reduced to a single vote)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -531,7 +531,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
"description": {
|
||||
"text": "Transitional Parliament (formerly the bicameral Parliament) consists of:<br>Senate (70 seats; members appointed by Transitional president; member term NA)<br>National Assembly (98 seats; members appointed by the Transitional president; member term NA) <br>note - all members represent legally recognized political parties or leading political figures, civil society, and defense and security forces"
|
||||
"text": "Transitional Parliament (formerly the bicameral Parliament) consists of:<br>Senate (70 seats; members appointed by Transitional president; member term NA)<br>National Assembly (98 seats; members appointed by the Transitional president; member term NA)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "on 11 September 2023, Transitional President Gen. Brice OLIGUI Nguema appointed 168 members to the Transitional Parliament; elections for a permanent legislature reportedly to follow 2-year transition; note - the military government announced on 13 November 2023 that presidential and legislative elections will be held in August 2025"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -573,7 +573,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single renewable 5-year term; election last held on 31 October 2020 (next to be held in 2025); vice president elected on same ballot as president; prime minister appointed by the president; note – because President OUATTARA promulgated the new constitution in 2016, he has claimed that the clock is reset on term limits, allowing him to run for up to two additional terms"
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single renewable 5-year term; election last held on 31 October 2020 (next to be held in October 2025); vice president elected on same ballot as president; prime minister appointed by the president; note – because President OUATTARA promulgated the new constitution in 2016, he has claimed that the clock is reset on term limits, allowing him to run for up to two additional terms"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<br><em>2020: </em>Alassane OUATTARA reelected president; percent of vote - Alassane OUATTARA (RDR) 94.3%, Kouadio Konan BERTIN (PDCI-RDA) 2.0%, other 3.7%<br><br><em>2015: </em>Alassane OUATTARA reelected president; percent of vote - Alassane OUATTARA (RDR) 83.7%, Pascal Affi N'GUESSAN (FPI) 9.3%, Konan Bertin KOUADIO (independent) 3.9%, other 3.1%"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -520,10 +520,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Executive branch": {
|
||||
"chief of state": {
|
||||
"text": "President, Presidential Council, Mohammed Al MENFI (since 5 February 2021)"
|
||||
"text": "President, Presidential Council, Mohammed al-MANFI (since 5 February 2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "GNU Interim Prime Minister Abdul Hamid DUBAYBAH (since 5 February 2021)"
|
||||
"text": "GNU Interim Prime Minister Abd-al-Hamid DUBAYBAH (since 5 February 2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>Libya’s first direct presidential election, scheduled for 24 December 2021, was not held; no new date has been set for elections</p>"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -573,7 +573,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "Cabinet named by the president"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 23 June 2020 (next to be held in 2025) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 23 June 2020 (next to be held in June 2025) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<br><em>2020: </em>Lazarus CHAKWERA elected president; Lazarus CHAKWERA (MCP) 59.3%, Peter Mutharika (DPP) 39.9%, other 0.8% <p><em>2014:</em> Peter MUTHARIKA elected president; percent of vote - Peter MUTHARIKA (DPP) 36.4%, Lazarus CHAKWERA (MCP) 27.8%, Joyce BANDA (PP) 20.2%, Atupele MULUZI (UDF) 13.7%, other 1.9% </p>"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -582,7 +582,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 29 June 2024 (next to be held in June 2029); prime minister appointed by the president"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<em><br>2024:</em> Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI re-elected president in first round; percent of vote - Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI (UPR) 56.1%, Biram Dah Ould ABEID (independent) 22.1%, Hamadi Sidi el MOKHTAR independent) 12.8%, other 9.0%<br><em><br>2019:</em> Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI elected president in first round; percent of vote - Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI (UPR) 52%, Biram Dah Ould ABEID (independent) 18.6%, Sidi Mohamed Ould BOUBACAR (independent) 17.9%, other 11.5%"
|
||||
"text": "<em><br>2024:</em> Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI (UPR) 56.1%, Biram Dah Ould ABEID (independent) 22.1%, Hamadi Sidi el MOKHTAR independent) 12.8%, other 9.0%<br><em><br>2019:</em> Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI elected president in first round; percent of vote - Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI (UPR) 52%, Biram Dah Ould ABEID (independent) 18.6%, Sidi Mohamed Ould BOUBACAR (independent) 17.9%, other 11.5%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1131,7 +1131,7 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in 2020, the Nigerien Government announced it intended to increase the size of the FAN to 50,000 by 2025 and 100,000 by 2030"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the FAN has a wide mix of mostly older, typically Soviet-era, or donated/secondhand weapons and equipment, along with small quantities of more modern items such as unmanned aerial vehicles/drones and air defense systems; suppliers have included China, Egypt, France, Italy, Russia, Turkey, and the US (2024)"
|
||||
"text": "the FAN has a wide mix of mostly older, typically Soviet-era, or donated/secondhand weapons and equipment, along with small quantities of more modern items such as unmanned aerial vehicles/drones and air defense systems; suppliers have included China, Egypt, France, Italy, Russia, Turkey, and the US (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for selective compulsory or voluntary military service for unmarried men and women; 24-month service term (2023)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -570,7 +570,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 29 May 2024 (next to be held in 2029) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
|
||||
"text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 29 May 2024 (next to be held in May 2029) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<br><em>2024: </em>Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (ANC) elected president by the National Assembly unopposed<em><br><br>2019: </em>Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (ANC) elected president by the National Assembly unopposed<br><br><em>2014:</em> Jacob ZUMA (ANC) reelected president by the National Assembly unopposed <p> </p>"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -570,7 +570,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single, renewable 5-year term; election last held on 24 March 2024 (next to be held in 2029)"
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single, renewable 5-year term; election last held on 24 March 2024 (next to be held in March 2029)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<em><br>2024:</em> Bassirou Diomaye FAYE elected president in first round; percent of vote - Bassirou Diomaye FAYE (PASTEF) 54%, Amadou BA (APR) 36%, other 10%<br><em><em><br>2019:</em></em> Macky SALL reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Macky SALL (APR) 58.3%, Idrissa SECK (Rewmi) 20.5%, Ousmane SONKO (PASTEF) 15.7%, other 5.5% <p> </p>"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -535,7 +535,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Executive branch": {
|
||||
"chief of state": {
|
||||
"text": "President Julius Maada BIO (since 27 June 2023) "
|
||||
"text": "President Julius Maada BIO (since 27 June 2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "President Julius Maada BIO (since 27 June 2023)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -544,7 +544,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "Ministers of State appointed by the president, approved by Parliament; the cabinet is responsible to the president"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by 55% in the first round or absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 24 June 2023 (next to be held in 2028) note - the president is chief of state, head of government, and Minister of Defense"
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by 55% in the first round or absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 24 June 2023 (next to be held in June 2028) note - the president is chief of state, head of government, and Minister of Defense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<br><em>2023: </em>Julius Maada BIO reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Julius Maada BIO (SLPP) 56.2%, Samura KAMARA (APC) 41.2%, other 2.6%<br><em><br>2018: </em>Julius Maada BIO elected president in second round; percent of vote - Julius Maada BIO (SLPP) 51.8%, Samura KAMARA (APC) 48.2%"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -642,10 +642,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"National heritage": {
|
||||
"total World Heritage Sites": {
|
||||
"text": "3 (2 cultural, 1 natural)"
|
||||
"text": "4 (3 cultural, 1 natural)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"selected World Heritage Site locales": {
|
||||
"text": "Ruins of Loropéni (c); Ancient Ferrous Metallurgy Sites (c); W-Arly-Pendjari Complex (n)"
|
||||
"text": "<p>Ruins of Loropéni (c); Ancient Ferrous Metallurgy Sites of Burkina Faso (c); W-Arly-Pendjari Complex (n); Royal Court of Tiébélé (c)</p>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1103,14 +1103,14 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
"text": "approximately 15,500 personnel (10,000 Army; 500 Air Force; 5,000 National Gendarmerie) (2023)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in 2022, government authorities announced a special recruitment for up to 6,000 additional soldiers and 1,500 gendarmes to assist with its fight against terrorist groups operating in the country; the government also put out a recruitment call for up to 100,000 VDP volunteers, and as of 2023 claimed about 50,000 had volunteered (the VDP's original recruited strength was 15,000)<br><strong><br><br></strong>"
|
||||
"text": "approximately 15-20,000 Armed Forces personnel; approximately 50,000 Homeland Defense Volunteers (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<br><strong><br><br></strong>"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the FABF has a mix of older, secondhand, and some modern equipment from a variety of suppliers, including China, Egypt, France, Russia, South Africa, Turkey, the UK, and the US (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18-26 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women (2023)",
|
||||
"text": "18-26 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; citizens 18-77 years of age are eligible to volunteer for the VDP (2023)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the military government implemented an emergency law in 2023 that allows the president extensive powers to combat terrorist groups operating in the country, including conscripting citizens into the security services"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -550,7 +550,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Executive branch": {
|
||||
"chief of state": {
|
||||
"text": "Acting President Nangolo MBUMBA (since 4 February 2024) "
|
||||
"text": "Acting President Nangolo MBUMBA (since 4 February 2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "Acting President Nangolo MBUMBA (since 4 February 2024)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -559,10 +559,10 @@
|
|||
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president from among members of the National Assembly"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 28 November 2019 (next to be held in November 2024) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; note- President Hage GEINGOB died on 4 February 2024, and Vice President MBUMBA was sworn in to run the government until the next presidential election in November 2024"
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 27 November 2024 (next to be held in November 2029) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; note- President Hage GEINGOB died on 4 February 2024, and Vice President MBUMBA was sworn in to run the government until the next presidential election in November 2024"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<br><em>2019:</em> Hage GEINGOB reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Hage GEINGOB (SWAPO) 56.3%, Panduleni ITULA (independent) 29.4%, McHenry VENAANI (PDM) 5.3%, other .9% <p><em>2014:</em> Hage GEINGOB elected president in the first round; percent of vote - Hage GEINGOB (SWAPO) 86.7%, McHenry VENAANI (DTA) 5%, Hidipo HAMUTENYA (RDP) 3.4%, Asser MBAI (NUDO)1.9%, Henk MUDGE (RP) 1%, other 2%</p>"
|
||||
"text": "<em>2024:</em> Netumbo Nandi-NDAITWAH elected president in the first round; percent of vote -Netumbo Nandi-NDAITWAH (SWAPO) 57%, Panduleni ITULA (IPC) 26%, McHenry VENAANI (PDM) 5.10%, Bernadus SWARTBOOI (LPM) 4.72%, Job AMUPANDA (AR) 1.80%, Hendrik GAOBEAB (UDF) 1.16%; other 3.31%<br><br><em>2019:</em> Hage GEINGOB reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Hage GEINGOB (SWAPO) 56.3%, Panduleni ITULA (independent) 29.4%, McHenry VENAANI (PDM) 5.3%, other .9% <p> </p>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -538,7 +538,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "bicameral Parliament or Libandla consists of:<br> Senate (30 seats; 20 members appointed by the monarch and 10 indirectly elected by simple majority vote by the House of Assembly; members serve 5-year terms)<br>House of Assembly (70 seats statutory, current 69; 59 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies or tinkhundla by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed, 10 members appointed by the monarch, and 1 ex-officio member - the attorney general; members serve 5-year terms)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "Senate - last election held on 12 October 2023 , senate fully constituted on November 5 when monarch appointed remaining 20 senators; (next to be held in 2028)<br>House of Assembly - last held on 29 September 2023 (next to be held in 2028) <p> </p>"
|
||||
"text": "Senate - last election held on 12 October 2023 , senate fully constituted on November 5 when monarch appointed remaining 20 senators; (next to be held in 2028)<br>House of Assembly - last held on 29 September 2023 (next to be held in 2028)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "Senate - percent of seats by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 16, women 14, percentage women 46.7%<br><br>House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independent 59; composition - men 58, women 16, percent of women 17.14%; total Parliament percentage women 28.8%"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -504,7 +504,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "president elected by an electoral college of both Houses of Parliament for a 4-year renewable term; election last held on 20 October 2021 (next to be held in); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of the majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the president; the prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister"
|
||||
"text": "president elected by an electoral college of both Houses of Parliament for a 4-year renewable term; election last held on 20 October 2021 (next to be held by January 2027); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of the majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the president; the prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "Sandra MASON elected as first president on 20 October 2021"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1039,7 +1039,7 @@
|
|||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Barbados Defense Force (BDF): The Barbados Regiment, The Barbados Coast Guard (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>the BDF also has a Youth Development Wing, which is comprised of the Barbados Cadet Corps and the Barbados Defense Force Sports Program<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> authority over the BDF is shared between the president and prime minister, with the president overseeing strategic direction and the prime minister responsible for operational leadership<br><br><strong>note 3: </strong>the Barbados Police Service (TBPS) is the national police force; it is modeled after London's Metropolitan Police Service and divided into three territorial divisions"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>the BDF also has a Youth Development Wing, which is comprised of the Barbados Cadet Corps and the Barbados Defense Force Sports Program; the Barbados Cadet Corps is a national youth organization based in the country's school system and open to all school children 11-18 years of age <br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> authority over the BDF is shared between the president and prime minister, with the president overseeing strategic direction and the prime minister responsible for operational leadership<br><br><strong>note 3: </strong>the Barbados Police Service (TBPS) is the national police force; it is modeled after London's Metropolitan Police Service and divided into three territorial divisions"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2023": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1062,7 +1062,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "approximately 600 active personnel (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the Netherlands provide the BDF's major equipment inventory (maritime patrol boats) (2024)"
|
||||
"text": "the BDF's major equipment inventory is comprised mostly of donated items from China, the Netherlands, and the US (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "voluntary service only (men and women); 17 years, 9 months to 17 years, 11 months with letter of consent from a parent or guardian, or be in the age range of 18-25 years (18-30 for the Reserves) at the start of recruit training; citizens of Barbados by descent or naturalization (2024)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1111,13 +1111,13 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
"text": "approximately 1,500 BDF personnel; approximately 500 Coast Guard (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "approximately 1,500 BDF personnel (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the military has a light inventory consisting mostly of UK- and US-origin equipment (2024)"
|
||||
"text": "the military has a small inventory consisting mostly of UK- and US-origin equipment (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; laws allow for conscription only if volunteers are insufficient, but conscription has never been implemented; initial service obligation is 12 years (2024)"
|
||||
"text": "18-23 years of age for voluntary military service; laws allow for conscription only if volunteers are insufficient, but conscription has never been implemented; initial service obligation is 12 years (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "the Belize Defense Force (BDF) is responsible for external security but also provides some support to civilian authorities; it has limited powers of arrest within land and shoreline areas, while the Coast Guard has arrest powers and jurisdiction within coastal and maritime areas; the BDF traces its history back to the Prince Regent Royal Honduras Militia, a volunteer force established in 1817; the BDF was established in 1978 from the disbanded Police Special Force and the Belize Volunteer Guard to assist the resident British forces with the defense of Belize against Guatemala<br><br>the British Army has maintained a presence in Belize since its independence; the presence consists of a small training support unit that provides jungle training to troops from the UK and international partners (2024)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -468,7 +468,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "unicameral House of Assembly (32 seats; 21 representatives directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 9 senators appointed by the president - 5 on the advice of the prime minister, and 4 on the advice of the leader of the opposition party, plus 2 ex-officio members - the house speaker and the attorney general; members serve 5-year terms)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "last held on 6 December 2022 (next to be held in 2027); note - tradition dictates that the election is held within 5 years of the last election, but technically it is 5 years from the first seating of parliament plus a 90-day grace period"
|
||||
"text": "last held on 6 December 2022 (next to be held in 2027)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "percent of vote by party - DLP 82.3%, independent 16.9%; (elected) seats by party - DLP 19, independent 2; composition - men 20, women 12, percent of women 37.5%"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -576,7 +576,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
"description": {
|
||||
"text": "bicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional consists of:<br>Senate or Senado (32 seats; 26 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, and 6 members indirectly elected based upon province-wide party plurality votes for its candidates to the Chamber of Deputies; all members serve 4-year terms; note - in 2019, the Central Election Commission changed the electoral system for seats in 26 constituencies to simple majority vote but retained indirect election for the remaining 6 constituencies; previously, all 32 members were indirectly elected; the change had been challenged by the ruling and opposition parties)<br><br>House of Representatives or Camara de Diputados (190 seats; 178 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote using the D'Hondt method, 5 members in a nationwide constituency, and 7 diaspora members directly elected by simple majority vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
|
||||
"text": "bicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional consists of:<br>Senate or Senado (32 seats; 26 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, and 6 members indirectly elected based upon province-wide party plurality votes for its candidates to the Chamber of Deputies; all members serve 4-year terms<br><br>House of Representatives or Camara de Diputados (190 seats; 178 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote using the D'Hondt method, 5 members in a nationwide constituency, and 7 diaspora members directly elected by simple majority vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "Senate - last held on 19 May 2024 (next to be held on 21 May 2028)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 19 May 2024 (next to be held on 21 May 2028)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1082,7 +1082,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "men and women 18-25 may volunteer for the FAdH (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "Haiti's military was disbanded in 1995 after it participated in multiple coups and was accused of other political interference and human rights violations; the military was reinstated by former President MOISE in 2017 after the UN ended its peacekeeping operation in Haiti; the reconstituted military established an Army command in 2018 and has received training assistance from Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador, and Mexico; the military’s stated mission is to assist with natural disaster relief, border security, and combating transnational crime; in 2023, Prime Minister HENRY called upon the military to assist the National Police (PNH) in combating armed gangs, which have overwhelmed the PNH, killed hundreds of Haitians, and seized control of much of the capital Port-au-Prince since the assassination of President MOISE in 2021; as of 2024, at least 300 criminal groups were operating in Haiti<br><br>in 2023, the UN Security Council approved the deployment of a Kenya-led multinational security support mission (MSS) to help bring gang violence under control; the first contingent of MSS personnel from the Kenya National Police Service arrived in mid-2024; the Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Benin, Chad, and Jamaica have also pledged forces; the mission is slated to have a total of 2,500 personnel (2024)"
|
||||
"text": "Haiti's military was disbanded in 1995 after it participated in multiple coups and was accused of other political interference and human rights violations; the military was reinstated by former President MOISE in 2017 after the UN ended its peacekeeping operation in Haiti; the reconstituted military established an Army command in 2018 and has received training assistance from Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador, France, and Mexico; the military’s stated mission is to assist with natural disaster relief, border security, and combating transnational crime; in 2023, Prime Minister HENRY called upon the military to assist the National Police (PNH) in combating armed gangs, which have overwhelmed the PNH, killed hundreds of Haitians, and seized control of much of the capital Port-au-Prince since the assassination of President MOISE in 2021; as of 2024, at least 300 criminal groups were operating in Haiti<br><br>in 2023, the UN Security Council approved the deployment of a Kenya-led multinational security support mission (MSS) to help bring gang violence under control; the first contingent of MSS personnel from the Kenya National Police Service arrived in mid-2024; the Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Benin, Chad, and Jamaica have also pledged forces; the mission is slated to have a total of 2,500 personnel (2024)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1190,7 +1190,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Burmese Defense Service (aka Armed Forces of Burma, Myanmar Army, Royal Armed Forces, the Tatmadaw, or the Sit-Tat): Army (Tatmadaw Kyi), Navy (Tatmadaw Yay), Air Force (Tatmadaw Lay); People’s Militia<br><br>Ministry of Home Affairs: Burma (People's) Police Force, Border Guard Forces/Police (2023)",
|
||||
"text": "Burmese Defense Service (aka Armed Forces of Burma, Myanmar Army, Royal Armed Forces, the Tatmadaw, or the Sit-Tat): Army (Tatmadaw Kyi), Navy (Tatmadaw Yay), Air Force (Tatmadaw Lay); People’s Militia<br><br>Ministry of Home Affairs: Burma (People's) Police Force, Border Guard Forces/Police (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> under the 2008 constitution, the Tatmadaw was given control over the appointments of senior officials to lead the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of Border Affairs, and the Ministry of Home Affairs; in March 2022, a new law gave the commander-in-chief of the Tatmadaw the authority to appoint or remove the head of the police force<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the Burma Police Force is primarily responsible for internal security; the Border Guard Police is administratively part of the Burma Police Force but operationally distinct; both are under the Ministry of Home Affairs, which is led by an active-duty military general and controlled by the military"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1211,17 +1211,17 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
"text": "estimates vary widely, from approximately 150,000 to as many as 400,000 active military personnel (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "estimated 150-300,000 armed forces personnel (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the Burmese military inventory is comprised mostly of older Chinese and Russian/Soviet-era equipment with a smaller mix of more modern acquisitions from a variety of countries; in recent years, China and Russia have been the leading suppliers of military hardware; Burma has a limited defense industry, including some shipbuilding and production of ground force equipment that is largely based on Chinese and Russian designs (2024)"
|
||||
"text": "the Burmese military's inventory is comprised mostly of older Chinese and Russian/Soviet-era weapons and equipment with a smaller mix of more modern acquisitions, mostly from China and Russia; Burma's defense industry is involved in shipbuilding and the production of ground force equipment based largely on Chinese and Russian designs (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18-35 years of age (men) and 18-27 years of age (women) for voluntary and conscripted military service; 24-month service obligation; conscripted professional men (ages 18-45) and women (ages 18-35), including doctors, engineers, and mechanics, serve up to 36 months; service terms may be extended to 60 months in an officially declared emergency (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in February 2024, the military government announced that the People’s Military Service Law requiring mandatory military service would go into effect; the Service Law was first introduced in 2010 but had not previously been enforced; the military government also said that it intended to call up about 60,000 men and women annually for mandatory service; during the ongoing insurgency, the military has recruited men 18-60 to serve in local militias"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "since the country’s founding, the Tatmadaw has been heavily involved in domestic politics and the national economy; it ran the country for five decades following a military coup in 1962; prior to the most recent coup in 2021, the military already controlled three key security ministries (Defense, Border, and Home Affairs), one of two vice presidential appointments, 25% of the parliamentary seats, and had a proxy political party, the Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP); it owns and operates two business conglomerates that have over 100 subsidiaries; the business activities of these conglomerates include banking and insurance, hotels, tourism, jade and ruby mining, timber, construction, real estate, and the production of palm oil, sugar, soap, cement, beverages, drinking water, coal, and gas; some of the companies supply goods and services to the military, such as food, clothing, insurance, and cellphone service; the military also manages a film industry, publishing houses, and television stations<br><br>the Tatmadaw's primary operational focus is internal security, and it is conducting counterinsurgency operations against anti-regime forces that launched an armed rebellion following the 2021 coup and an array of ethnic armed groups (EAGs), some of which have considerable military capabilities; as of 2024, the Tatmadaw was reportedly engaged in combat operations in 10 of its 14 regional commands; it has been accused of committing atrocities in the conduct of its campaign against the pro-democracy movement and opposition forces <br><br>the military is supported by pro-government militias; some are integrated within the Tatmadaw’s command structure as Border Guard Forces, which are organized as battalions with a mix of militia forces, EAGs, and government soldiers that are armed, supplied, and paid by the Tatmadaw; other pro-military government militias are not integrated within the Tatmadaw command structure but receive direction and some support from the military and are recognized as government militias; a third type of pro-government militias are small community-based units that are armed, coordinated, and trained by local Tatmadaw forces and activated as needed; the military regime has attempted to raise new militia units to help combat the popular uprising<br><br>EAGs have been fighting for self-rule against the Burmese Government since 1948; there are approximately 20 such groups operating in Burma with strengths of a few hundred up to 30,000 estimated fighters; some are organized along military lines with \"brigades\" and \"divisions\" and armed with heavy weaponry, including artillery; they control large tracts of the country’s territory, primarily in the border regions; key groups include the United Wa State Army, Karen National Union, Kachin Independence Army, Arakan Army, Ta’ang National Liberation Army, and the Myanmar Nationalities Democratic Alliance Army<br><br>the opposition National Unity Government claims its armed wing, the People's Defense Force (PDF), has more than 60,000 fighters loosely organized into battalions; in addition, several EAGs have cooperated with the NUG and supported local PDF groups (2024)"
|
||||
"text": "since the country’s founding, the Tatmadaw has been deeply involved in domestic politics and the national economy; it ran the country for five decades following a military coup in 1962; prior to the most recent coup in 2021, the military already controlled three key security ministries (Defense, Border, and Home Affairs), one of two vice presidential appointments, 25% of the parliamentary seats, and had a proxy political party, the Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP); it owns and operates two business conglomerates that have over 100 subsidiaries; the business activities of these conglomerates include banking and insurance, hotels, tourism, jade and ruby mining, timber, construction, real estate, and the production of palm oil, sugar, soap, cement, beverages, drinking water, coal, and gas; some of the companies supply goods and services to the military, such as food, clothing, insurance, and cellphone service; the military also manages a film industry, publishing houses, and television stations<br><br>the Tatmadaw's primary operational focus is internal security, and it is conducting counterinsurgency operations against anti-regime forces that launched an armed rebellion following the 2021 coup and an array of ethnic armed groups (EAGs), some of which have considerable military capabilities; as of 2024, the Tatmadaw was reportedly engaged in combat operations in 10 of its 14 regional commands; it has been accused of committing atrocities in the conduct of its campaign against the pro-democracy movement and opposition forces <br><br>the military is supported by pro-government militias; some are integrated within the Tatmadaw’s command structure as Border Guard Forces, which are organized as battalions with a mix of militia forces, EAGs, and government soldiers that are armed, supplied, and paid by the Tatmadaw; other pro-military government militias are not integrated within the Tatmadaw command structure but receive direction and some support from the military and are recognized as government militias; a third type of pro-government militias are small community-based units that are armed, coordinated, and trained by local Tatmadaw forces and activated as needed; the military regime has attempted to raise new militia units to help combat the popular uprising<br><br>EAGs have been fighting for self-rule against the Burmese Government since 1948; there are reported to be around 20 such groups operating in Burma with strengths of a few hundred up to 30,000 estimated fighters; some are organized along military lines with \"brigades\" and \"divisions\" and armed with heavy weaponry, including artillery; they control large tracts of the country’s territory, primarily in the border regions; key groups include the United Wa State Army, Karen National Union, Kachin Independence Army, Arakan Army, Ta’ang National Liberation Army, and the Myanmar Nationalities Democratic Alliance Army<br><br>the opposition National Unity Government claims its armed wing, the People's Defense Force (PDF), has more than 60,000 fighters loosely organized into battalions; in addition, several EAGs have cooperated with the NUG and supported local PDF groups (2024)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1120,7 +1120,7 @@
|
|||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF): Royal Cambodian Army, Royal Khmer Navy, Royal Cambodian Air Force, Royal Gendarmerie; the National Committee for Maritime Security (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the National Committe for Maritime Security performs coast guard functions and has representation from military and civilian agencies<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the Cambodian National Police are under the Ministry of Interior"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the National Committee for Maritime Security performs coast guard functions and has representation from military and civilian agencies<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the Cambodian National Police are under the Ministry of Interior"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1140,7 +1140,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
"text": "information varies; approximately 100,000 total active troops including less than 5,000 Navy and Air Force personnel; approximately 10,000 Gendarmerie (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "information varies; estimated 150-200,000 Armed Forces personnel (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the RCAF is armed largely with older Chinese and Russian-origin equipment; in recent years it has received limited amounts of more modern equipment from several suppliers, particularly China (2024)",
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -699,10 +699,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"National heritage": {
|
||||
"total World Heritage Sites": {
|
||||
"text": "57 (39 cultural, 14 natural, 4 mixed)"
|
||||
"text": "59 (40 cultural, 15 natural, 4 mixed)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"selected World Heritage Site locales": {
|
||||
"text": "Imperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (c); Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor (c); The Great Wall (c); Summer Palace (c); Jiuzhaigou Valley (n); Potala Palace (c); Ancient Pingyao (c); Historic Macau (c); Dengfeng (c); Grand Canal (c); Mount Huangshan (m)"
|
||||
"text": "<p>Imperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (c); Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor (c); The Great Wall (c); Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing (c); Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area (n); Historic Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa (c); Ancient Ancient City of Ping Yao (c); Historic Center of Macau (c); Historic Monuments of Dengfeng in “The Centre of Heaven and Earth” (c); The Grand Canal (c); Mount Huangshan (m);Mogao Caves (c);Mount Taishan (m);Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian(c);Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area (n);Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area (n);Ancient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains (c);Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples, Chengde (c);Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu (c);Lushan National Park (c);Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area (m); Classical Gardens of Suzhou (c);Old Town of Lijiang (c);Temple of Heaven: an Imperial Sacrificial Altar in Beijing (c); Dazu Rock Carvings (c); Mount Wuyi (m); Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui – Xidi and Hongcun (c);Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (c); Longmen Grottoes (c); Mount Qingcheng and the Dujiangyan Irrigation System (c); Yungang Grottoes (c); Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas (n); Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom (c);Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries - Wolong, Mt Siguniang and Jiajin Mountains (c);Yin Xu (c);Kaiping Diaolou and Villages (c);South China Karst (n);Fujian <em>Tulou</em> (c);Mount Sanqingshan National Park (n);Mount Wutai (c);China Danxia (n)West Lake Cultural Landscape of Hangzhou (c);Chengjiang Fossil Site (n);Site of Xanadu (c)Cultural Landscape of Honghe Hani Rice Terraces(c);Xinjiang Tianshan (n);Silk Roads: the Routes Network of Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor (c);Tusi Sites (c);Hubei Shennongjia (n);Zuojiang Huashan Rock Art Cultural Landscape (c);Kulangsu, a Historic International Settlement (c);Qinghai Hoh Xil (n);Fanjingshan (n);Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City (c);Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of Yellow Sea-Bohai Gulf of China (n);Quanzhou: Emporium of the World in Song-Yuan China (c; )Cultural Landscape of Old Tea Forests of the Jingmai Mountain in Pu’er (c); Badain Jaran Desert - Towers of Sand and Lakes (n); Beijing Central Axis: A Building Ensemble Exhibiting the Ideal Order of the Chinese Capital(c)</p>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Government - note": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -583,7 +583,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties": {
|
||||
"text": "Basic Income Party <br>Democratic Party of Korea or DPK <br>New Future Party<br>New Reform Party <br>Open Democratic Party or ODP <br>People Power Party or PPP <br>Progressive Party or Jinbo Party <br>Rebuilding Korea Party <br>Social Democratic Party <br><br><strong>note:</strong> the Democratic Alliance Coalition consists of the DPK and the smaller Basic Income, Jinbo, Open Democratic, and Social Democratic parties, as well as two independents; for the 2024 election, the Basic Income Party, the ODP, and the Social Democratic Party formed the New Progressive Alliance"
|
||||
"text": "Basic Income Party <br>Democratic Party of Korea or DPK <br>New Future Party<br>New Reform Party <br>Open Democratic Party or ODP <br>People Power Party or PPP <br>Progressive Party or Jinbo Party <br>Rebuilding Korea Party <br>Social Democratic Party <br><br><strong>note:</strong> the Democratic Alliance coalition consists of the DPK and the smaller Basic Income, Jinbo, Open Democratic, and Social Democratic parties, as well as two independents; for the 2024 election, the Basic Income Party, the ODP, and the Social Democratic Party formed the New Progressive Alliance"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "ADB, AfDB (nonregional member), APEC, Arctic Council (observer), ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, CABEI, CD, CICA, CP, EAS, EBRD, FAO, FATF, G-20, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE (partner), Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club (associate), PCA, PIF (partner), SAARC (observer), SICA (observer), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNMOGIP, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1211,7 +1211,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "approximately 500,000 active-duty personnel (365,000 Army; 70,000 Navy, including about 30,000 Marines; 65,000 Air Force) (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the South Korean military is equipped with a mix of domestically produced and imported weapons systems; South Korea has a robust defense industry and production includes armored fighting vehicles, artillery, aircraft, naval ships, and missiles; its weapons are designed to be compatible with US and NATO systems; in recent years the top foreign weapons supplier has been the US, and some domestically produced systems are built under US license (2024)"
|
||||
"text": "the South Korean military is equipped with a mix of mostly modern domestically produced and imported weapons systems, particularly from the US; South Korea's defense industry produces a wide range of military hardware for both domestic use and export, including armored fighting vehicles, artillery, aircraft, missiles, and naval ships; it also jointly produces equipment with other countries (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18-35 years of age for compulsory military service for all men; minimum conscript service obligation varies by service - 18 months (Army, Marines, auxiliary police), 20 months (Navy, conscripted firefighters), 21 months (Air Force, social service), 36 months for alternative service; 18-29 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women (2024)",
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -544,7 +544,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Executive branch": {
|
||||
"chief of state": {
|
||||
"text": "King Sultan IBRAHIM ibni al-Marhum Sultan Iskandar (since 31 January 2024) "
|
||||
"text": "King Sultan IBRAHIM ibni al-Marhum Sultan Iskandar (since 31 January 2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "Prime Minister ANWAR Ibrahim (since 25 November 2022)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1243,7 +1243,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; 21 years of age for compulsory military service for men; men register at 18 years of age; volunteer service obligation may be as short as 6 or 12 months, depending on educational qualifications; conscript service obligation also varies by educational qualifications, but is typically 24 months (2023)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> serving in the armed forces is a national duty of all Thai citizens; conscription was introduced in 1905; it includes women, however, only men over the age of 21 who have not gone through reserve training are conscripted; conscripts are chosen by lottery (on draft day, eligible draftees can request volunteer service, or they may choose to stay for the conscription lottery); approximately 75-100,000 men are drafted for military service each year and conscripts reportedly comprise as much as 50% of the armed forces<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> as of 2020, women comprised about 8% of active-duty military personnel"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> serving in the armed forces is a national duty of all Thai citizens; conscription was introduced in 1905; it includes women, however, only men over the age of 21 who have not gone through reserve training are conscripted; conscripts are chosen by lottery (on draft day, eligible draftees can request volunteer service, or they may choose to stay for the conscription lottery); approximately 75-100,000 men are drafted for military service each year"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military deployments": {
|
||||
"text": "280 South Sudan (UNMISS) (2024)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -534,7 +534,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Executive branch": {
|
||||
"chief of state": {
|
||||
"text": "Chairperson of the Presidency Denis BECIROVIC (chairperson since 16 March 2024; presidency member since 16 November 2022 - Bosniak seat); Zeljka CVIJANOVIC (presidency member since 16 November 2022 - Serb seat); Zeljko KOMSIC (presidency member since 20 November 2018 - Croat seat)"
|
||||
"text": "Chairperson of the Presidency Zeljka CVIJANOVIC (chairperson since 16 November 2024; presidency member since 16 November 2022 - Serb seat); Denis BECIROVIC (presidency member since 16 November 2022 - Bosniak seat); Zeljko KOMSIC (presidency member since 20 November 2018 - Croat seat)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "Chairperson of the Council of Ministers Borjana KRISTO (since 25 January 2023)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -640,10 +640,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"National heritage": {
|
||||
"total World Heritage Sites": {
|
||||
"text": "4 (3 cultural, 1 natural)"
|
||||
"text": "5 (3 cultural, 2 natural)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"selected World Heritage Site locales": {
|
||||
"text": "Old Bridge Area of Mostar (c); Mehmed Paša Sokolović Bridge (c); Stećci Medieval Tombstones Graveyards (c); Primeval Beech Forests - Janj Forest (n)"
|
||||
"text": "Old Bridge Area of Mostar (c); Mehmed Paša Sokolović Bridge in Višegrad (c); Stećci Medieval Tombstones Graveyards (c);Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe- Janj Forest (n); Vjetrenica Cave, Ravno (n)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1147,7 +1147,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
"text": "approximately 10,000 active-duty personnel (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "approximately 10,000 active-duty personnel (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the military's inventory of weapons and equipment is a combination of material originating from the former Soviet Union/former Yugoslavia and secondhand deliveries from Western suppliers such as the UK and especially the US (2024)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1176,10 +1176,10 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
"text": "approximately 45-50,000 active-duty troops; information on the individual services varies, but reportedly includes about 25-30,000 Army, 15,000 Air/Air Defense, and 5,000 Special Operations forces (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "approximately 50-60,000 active-duty troops (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the military's inventory is comprised mostly of Russian/Soviet-origin equipment, and in recent years Russia has continued to be the leading provider of arms; Belarus's defense industry manufactures some equipment (mostly modernized Soviet designs), including vehicles, guided weapons, and electronic warfare systems (2024)"
|
||||
"text": "the military's inventory is comprised mostly of Russian and Soviet-origin equipment; Belarus's defense industry manufactures some equipment (mostly modernized Soviet designs), including vehicles, guided weapons, and electronic warfare systems (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory military or alternative service; conscript service obligation is 12-18 months, depending on academic qualifications, and 24-36 months for alternative service, also depending on academic qualifications; 17-year-olds are eligible to become cadets at military higher education institutes, where they are classified as military personnel (2023)",
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -552,10 +552,10 @@
|
|||
"text": "bicameral Parliament or Oireachtas consists of:<br>Senate or Seanad Eireann (60 seats; 49 members indirectly elected from 5 vocational panels of nominees by an electoral college, 11 appointed by the prime minister<br>House of Representatives or Dail Eireann (160 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; all Parliament members serve 5-year terms)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "Senate - last held early on 21-30 May 2020 (next to be held in March 2025)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 8 February 2020 (next to be held no later than March 2025)"
|
||||
"text": "Senate - last held early on 21-30 May 2020 (next to be held in March 2025)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 29 November 2024 (next to be held no later than November 2029)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<strong> </strong>Senate - percent of vote by party - Fianna Fail 35%, Fine Gael 26.7%, Green Party 6.7%<strong>, </strong>Labor Party 6.7%, Sinn Fein 6.7%, other 1.6%, independent 16.7%; seats by party - Fianna Fail 21, Fine Gael 16, Green Party 4<strong>, </strong>Labor Party 4, Sinn Fein 4, other 1, independent 10; composition - men 36, women 24, percentage women 40%<br><br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - Fianna Fail 23.8%, Sinn Fein 23.1%, Fine Gael 21.9%, Green Party 7.5%, other 11.8%, independent 11.9%; seats by party - Fianna Fail 38, Sinn Fein 37, Fine Gael 35, Green Party 12, Labor Party 6, Social Democrats 6, PBPS 5, other 2, independent 19; composition - men 123, women 37, percentage women 23.1%; total Parliament percentage women 27.7%"
|
||||
"text": "<strong> </strong>Senate - percent of vote by party - Fianna Fail 35%, Fine Gael 26.7%, Green Party 6.7%<strong>, </strong>Labor Party 6.7%, Sinn Fein 6.7%, other 1.6%, independent 16.7%; seats by party - Fianna Fail 21, Fine Gael 16, Green Party 4<strong>, </strong>Labor Party 4, Sinn Fein 4, other 1, independent 10; composition - men 36, women 24, percentage women 40%<br><br>House of Representatives - seats by party - Fianna Fail 48, Sinn Fein 39, Fine Gael 38, Social Democrats 11, Labor Party 11, Independent Ireland 4, PBP-S 3, other 1, independent 16; composition - men 123, women 37, percentage women 23.1%; total Parliament percentage women 27.7%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Judicial branch": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -570,7 +570,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties": {
|
||||
"text": "Aontu <br>Solidarity-People Before Profit or PBPS <br>Fianna Fail <br>Fine Gael <br>Green Party <br>Human Dignity Alliance <br>Labor (Labour) Party <br>Right to Change or RTC<br>Sinn Fein <br>Social Democrats <br>Socialist Party<br>The Workers' Party"
|
||||
"text": "Aontu <br>Solidarity-People Before Profit or PBP-S <br>Fianna Fail <br>Fine Gael <br>Green Party <br>Human Dignity Alliance<br>Independent Ireland <br>Labor (Labour) Party <br>Right to Change or RTC<br>Sinn Fein <br>Social Democrats <br>Socialist Party<br>The Workers' Party"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "ADB (nonregional member), Australia Group, BIS, CD, CE, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOCI, UNRWA, UNTSO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -676,10 +676,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"National heritage": {
|
||||
"total World Heritage Sites": {
|
||||
"text": "52 (49 cultural, 3 natural)"
|
||||
"text": "54 (52 cultural, 2 natural)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"selected World Heritage Site locales": {
|
||||
"text": "Museumsinsel (Museum Island), Berlin (c); Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (c); Speyer Cathedral (c); Upper Middle Rhine Valley (c); Aachen Cathedral (c); Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau, and Bernau (c); Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura (c); Mines of Rammelsberg, Historic Town of Goslar, and Upper Harz Water Management System (c); Roman Monuments, Cathedral of St. Peter, and Church of Our Lady in Trier (c); Hanseatic City of Lübeck (c); Old Town of Regensburg (c); Messel Pit Fossil Site (n)"
|
||||
"text": "<p>Museumsinsel (Museum Island), Berlin (c); Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (c); Speyer Cathedral (c); Upper Middle Rhine Valley (c); Aachen Cathedral (c); Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau, and Bernau (c); Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura (c); Mines of Rammelsberg, Historic Town of Goslar, and Upper Harz Water Management System (c); Roman Monuments, Cathedral of St. Peter, and Church of Our Lady in Trier (c); Hanseatic City of Lübeck (c); Old Town of Regensburg with Stadtamhof (c); Messel Pit Fossil Site (n); Würzburg Residence with the Court Gardens and Residence Square (c); Pilgrimage Church of Wies (c);Castles of Augustusburg and Falkenlust at Brühl (c); St Mary's Cathedral and St Michael's Church at Hildesheim (c); Frontiers of the Roman Empire (c); Abbey and Altenmünster of Lorsch (c); Maulbronn Monastery Complex (c); Town of Bamberg (c); Collegiate Church, Castle and Old Town of Quedlinburg (c); Völklingen Ironworks (c); Cologne Cathedral (c); Luther Memorials in Eisleben and Wittenberg (c); Classical Weimar (c); Wartburg Castle (c); Garden Kingdom of Dessau-Wörlitz (c); Monastic Island of Reichenau (c); Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex in Essen (c); Historic Centres of Stralsund and Wismar (c); Muskauer Park / Park Mużakowski (c); Town Hall and Roland on the Marketplace of Bremen (c); Old town of Regensburg with Stadtamhof (c); Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe (n); Berlin Modernism Housing Estates (c); Wadden Sea (n); Fagus Factory in Alfeld (c); Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps (c); Margravial Opera House Bayreuth (c); Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe (c); Carolingian Westwork and Civitas Corvey (c); Moravian Church Settlements (c); Speicherstadt and Kontorhaus District with Chilehaus (c); The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement (c); Archaeological Border complex of Hedeby and the Danevirke (c); Naumburg Cathedral (c); Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří Mining Region (c); Water Management System of Augsburg (c); Frontiers of the Roman Empire – The Danube Limes (Western Segment) (c); Frontiers of the Roman Empire – The Lower German Limes (c); Mathildenhöhe Darmstadt (c); ShUM Sites of Speyer, Worms and Mainz (c); The Great Spa Towns of Europe (c); Jewish-Medieval Heritage of Erfurt (c); Schwerin Residence Ensemble (c)</p>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -552,10 +552,10 @@
|
|||
"text": "unicameral Althingi or Parliament (63 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed-list proportional representation vote using the D'Hondt method; members serve 4-year terms)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "last held on 25 September 2021 (next to be held in 2025)"
|
||||
"text": "last held on 30 November 2024 (next to be held by 30 November 2028)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "percent of vote by party - IP 24.4%, PP 17.3%, LGM 12.6%, People's Party 8.9%, Pirate Party 8.6%, SDA 9.9%, Reform Party 8.3%, CP 5.5%; seats by party - IP 16, PP 13, LGM 8, People's Party 6, Pirate Party 6, SDA 6, Reform Party 5, CP 3; composition - men 33, women 30; percentage women 47.6%"
|
||||
"text": "seats by party - SDA 15, IP 14, Reform Party 11, People's Party 10, CP 8, PP 5; composition - men 33, women 30; percentage women 47.6%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Judicial branch": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -555,10 +555,10 @@
|
|||
"text": "Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister, appointed by the president, approved by Parliament"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); first round of the election held on 12 May 204 (runoff to be held on 12 May 2024); prime minister appointed by the president, approved by Parliament"
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); first round held on 12 May 2024 (runoff held on 12 May 2024); prime minister appointed by the president, approved by Parliament"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<em><br>2024: </em>Gitanas NAUSEDA elected president in the second round; percent of vote -Gitanas NAUSEDA (independent) 74.6%, Ingrida SIMONYTE (independent) 24.4%<br><em><br>2019:</em> Gitanas NAUSEDA elected president in second round; percent of vote - Gitanas NAUSEDA (independent) 66.7%, Ingrida SIMONYTE (independent) 33.3%"
|
||||
"text": "<em><br>2024: </em>Gitanas NAUSEDA elected president in second round; percent of vote -Gitanas NAUSEDA (independent) 75.6%, Ingrida SIMONYTE (TS-LKD) 24.4%<br><em><br>2019:</em> Gitanas NAUSEDA elected president in second round; percent of vote - Gitanas NAUSEDA (independent) 66.7%, Ingrida SIMONYTE (independent) 33.3%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -530,7 +530,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "President Myriam Spiteri DEBONO (since 4 April 2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "Prime Minister Robert ABELA (13 January 2020)"
|
||||
"text": "Prime Minister Robert ABELA (since 13 January 2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"cabinet": {
|
||||
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister"
|
||||
|
|
@ -539,7 +539,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "president indirectly elected by the House of Representatives for a single 5-year term; election last held on 27 March 2024 (next to be held by March 2029); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the president for a 5-year term; deputy prime minister appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<em><br>2024: </em>Myriam SPITERI DEBONO (PL) elected president; House of Representatives vote - unanimous<br><em><br>2019:</em> George VELLA (PL) elected president; House of Representatives vote - unanimous"
|
||||
"text": "<em><br>2024: </em>Myriam Spiteri DEBONO (PL) elected president; House of Representatives vote - unanimous<br><em><br>2019:</em> George VELLA (PL) elected president; House of Representatives vote - unanimous"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1212,7 +1212,7 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>a new national defense law in 2022 set a goal to double the size of Poland’s armed forces to 300,000 personnel, including 250,000 professional soldiers and 50,000 territorials"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the military's inventory consists of a mix of some Soviet-era and a growing amount of more modern, NATO-compatible weapons systems; in recent years, the leading suppliers of armaments have included several European countries, South Korea, and the US; Poland has a large domestic defense sector that produces or provides upgrades to a wide variety of weapons systems, particularly ground systems such as tanks and other armored vehicles; it also cooperates with the European and US defense sectors (2024)",
|
||||
"text": "the military's inventory consists of a mix of some Soviet-era and a growing amount of more modern, NATO-compatible weapons systems; in recent years, the leading suppliers of armaments have included several European countries, South Korea, and the US; Poland has a domestic defense sector that produces or provides upgrades to a wide variety of weapons systems, particularly ground systems such as tanks and other armored vehicles; it also cooperates with the European and US defense sectors (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in late 2018, Poland announced a 7-year (through 2026) approximately $50 billion defense modernization plan that would include such items as 5th generation combat aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, rocket artillery, helicopters, submarines, frigates, and improved cyber security; in 2022-2023, it signed large military weapons contracts with South Korea, the UK, and the US"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1144,7 +1144,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
"text": "estimates vary; approximately 60-75,000 active armed forces; approximately 15,000 Ministry of Internal Affairs troops (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "information varies; estimated 100,000 active armed forces (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "Baku has been actively upgrading its equipment for over a decade with purchases from Belarus, Israel, Russia, and Turkey; while most of the military's equipment was once Soviet-era material, it now fields quantities of advanced equipment, including armored vehicles, artillery systems, air defense systems, tanks, and UAVs (2024)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1144,13 +1144,13 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
"text": "approximately 45,000 active troops (42,000 ground; 3,000 air/defense) (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "approximately 50,000 active troops (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the military's inventory includes mostly Russian and Soviet-era equipment; in recent years however, Armenia has looked to other countries besides Russia to provide military hardware, including France and India (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18-27 for voluntary (men and women), contract (men and women) or compulsory (men) military service; contract military service is 3-12 months or 3 or 5 years; conscripts serve 24 months; men under the age of 36, who have not previously served as contract servicemen and are registered in the reserve, as well as women, regardless of whether they are registered in the reserve can be enrolled in contractual military service; all citizens aged 27 to 50 are registered in the military reserve and may be called to serve if mobilization is declared (2023)",
|
||||
"text": "18-27 for voluntary (men and women), contract (men and women) or compulsory (men) military service; contract military service is 3-12 months or 3 or 5 years; conscripts serve 24 months; men under the age of 36, who have not previously served as contract servicemen and are registered in the reserve, as well as women, regardless of whether they are registered in the reserve can be enrolled in contractual military service; all citizens aged 27 to 50 are registered in the military reserve and may be called to serve if mobilization is declared (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in 2023, Armenia approved six-month voluntary service for women, after which they have the option to switch to a five-year contract; previously, women served on a contract basis; as of 2021, women made up about 10% of the active duty military"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -582,7 +582,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>Al-Ahbash (Association of Islamic Charitable Projects) or AICP<br>Amal Movement (\"Hope Movement\")<br>Azm Movement<br>Ba’th Arab Socialist Party of Lebanon<br>Free Patriotic Movement or FPM<br>Future Movement Bloc or FM (resigned from politics in January 2022)<br>Hizballah<br>Islamic Action Front or IAF<br>Kata'ib Party<br>Lebanese Democratic Party<br>Lebanese Forces or LF<br>Marada Movement<br>Progressive Socialist Party or PSP<br>Social Democrat Hunshaqian Party<br>Syrian Social Nationalist Party or SSNP<br>Tashnaq or Armenian Revolutionary Federation</p>"
|
||||
"text": "<p>Al-Ahbash (Association of Islamic Charitable Projects) or AICP<br>Amal Movement (\"Hope Movement\")<br>Azm Movement<br>Ba’th Arab Socialist Party of Lebanon<br>Free Patriotic Movement or FPM<br>Future Movement Bloc or FM<br>Hizballah<br>Islamic Action Front or IAF<br>Kata'ib Party<br>Lebanese Democratic Party<br>Lebanese Forces or LF<br>Marada Movement<br>Progressive Socialist Party or PSP<br>Social Democrat Hunshaqian Party<br>Syrian Social Nationalist Party or SSNP<br>Tashnaq or Armenian Revolutionary Federation</p>"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, CAEU, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOOSA, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -688,10 +688,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"National heritage": {
|
||||
"total World Heritage Sites": {
|
||||
"text": "23 (15 cultural, 7 natural, 1 mixed)"
|
||||
"text": "24 (15 cultural, 8 natural, 1 mixed)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"selected World Heritage Site locales": {
|
||||
"text": "Brasilia (c); Historic Salvador de Bahia (c); Historic Ouro Preto (c); Historic Olinda (c); Iguaçu National Park (n); Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis (c); Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes (c); Central Amazon Conservation Complex (n); Atlantic Forest South-East Reserves (n); Paraty and Ilha Grande – Culture and Biodiversity (m)"
|
||||
"text": "<p>Brasilia (c); Historic Salvador de Bahia (c); Historic Ouro Preto (c); Historic Center of the Town of Olinda (c); Iguaçu National Park (n); Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis (c); Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes (c); Central Amazon Conservation Complex (n); Atlantic Forest South-East Reserves (n); Historic Center of Salvador de Bahia (c); Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Congonhas (c ); Brasilia (c ); Serra da Capivara National Park (c ); Historic Center of Sao Luis( c); Discovery Coast Atlantic Forest Reserves (n); Historic Center of the Town of Diamantina (c ); Pantanal Conservation Area (n); Brazilian Atlantic Islands: Fernando de Noronha and Atol das Rocas Reserves (n); Cerrado Protected Areas: Chapada dos Veadeiros and Emas National Parks (n); Historic Centre of the Town of Goiás (c); São Francisco Square in the Town of São Cristóvão (c ); Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea (c ); Pampulha Modern Ensemble (c ); Valongo Wharf Archaeological Site (c ); Paraty and Ilha Grande – Culture and Biodiversity (m); Sítio Roberto Burle Marx (c ); Lençóis Maranhenses National Park (n)</p>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1256,7 +1256,7 @@
|
|||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Brazilian Armed Forces (Forças Armadas Brasileiras): Brazilian Army (Exercito Brasileiro, EB), Brazilian Navy (Marinha do Brasil, MB, includes Naval Aviation (Aviacao Naval Brasileira) and Marine Corps (Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais)), Brazilian Air Force (Forca Aerea Brasileira, FAB) (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the three national police forces – the Federal Police, Federal Highway Police, and Federal Railway Police – have domestic security responsibilities and report to the Ministry of Justice and Public Security (Ministry of Justice); there are two distinct units within the state police forces: the civil police, which performs an investigative role, and the military police, charged with maintaining law and order in the states and the Federal District; despite the name, military police forces report to the Ministry of Justice, not the Ministry of Defense; the National Public Security Force (Forca Nacional de Seguranca Publica or SENASP) is a national police force made up of Military Police from various states"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the three national police forces – the Federal Police, Federal Highway Police, and Federal Railway Police – have domestic security responsibilities and report to the Ministry of Justice and Public Security (Ministry of Justice); there are two distinct units within the state police forces: the civil police, which performs an investigative role, and the military police, charged with maintaining law and order in the states and the Federal District; despite the name, military police forces report to the Ministry of Justice, not the Ministry of Defense; the armed forces also have some domestic security responsibilities and report to the Ministry of Defense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2023": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1276,14 +1276,14 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
"text": "approximately 360,000 active military personnel (220,000 Army; 70,000 Navy; 70,000 Air Force); approximately 400,000 paramilitary security forces (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "approximately 360,000 active military personnel (220,000 Army; 70,000 Navy; 70,000 Air Force); approximately 400,000 paramilitary security forces (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the Brazilian military's inventory consists of a mix of domestically produced and imported weapons, largely from Europe and the US; Brazil's defense industry designs and manufactures equipment for all three military services and for export; it also jointly produces equipment with other countries (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18-45 years of age for compulsory military service for men (women exempted); only 5-10% of those inducted are required to serve; conscript service obligation is 10-12 months; 17-45 years of age for voluntary service (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in 2024, women comprised approximately 10% of the Brazilian military"
|
||||
"text": "18-45 years of age for compulsory military service for men (women exempted); only 5-10% of those inducted are required to serve; conscript service obligation is 10-12 months; 17-45 (18 for women) years of age for voluntary service (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in 2024, women were reported to comprise approximately 10% of the Brazilian military"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "the Brazilian Armed Forces (BAF) are the second largest military in the Western Hemisphere behind the US; they are responsible for external security and protecting the country's sovereignty but also have a considerable internal security role; the BAF’s missions include patrolling and protecting the country’s long borders and coastline and extensive territorial waters and river network, assisting with internal security, providing domestic disaster response and humanitarian assistance, and participating in multinational peacekeeping missions<br><br>in the past decade, the BAF has mobilized thousands of troops to conduct counternarcotics operations, support the police in combating crime, assist with disease outbreaks and humanitarian missions, and provide security for major events such as the 2014 World Cup and the 2016 Summer Olympics; it has also cooperated regularly with neighboring countries such as Argentina and Paraguay on border security to combat smuggling and trafficking <br><br>Brazil has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation<br><br>the origins of Brazil's military stretch back to the 1640s; Brazil provided a 25,000-man expeditionary force with air and ground units to fight with the Allies in the Mediterranean Theater during World War II; the Navy participated in the Battle of the Atlantic (2024)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -586,8 +586,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - ChP+ 12 (RN 5, UDI 5, EVOPOLI 2), NPS 8 (PS 4, PPD 2, PDC 2), AD 4 (PCCh 2, FREVS 2), PLR 1, independent 2; composition - men 37, women 13, percentage women 26%<br><br>Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - ChP+ 53 (RN 25, UDI 23, EVOPOLI 4, PRI 1), AD 37 (PCCh 12, CS 9, RD 8, Commons 6, FREVS 2), NPS 37 (PS 13, PDC 8, PPD 7, PL 4, PRSD 4, CIU 1), FSC 15 (PLR 14, PCC 1), PDG 6, PH 3, PEV 2, IU 1, independent 1; composition - men 100, women 55, percentage women 35.5%; total National Congress percentage women 33.2% as of January 2024"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Senate seats by party/coalition as of May 2022 - ChP+ 24 (RN 12, UDI 9, EVOPOLI 3), NPS 18 (PS 7, PPD 6, PDC 5), AD 6 (PCCh 2, FREVS 2, RD 2), PLR 1, independent 1"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Judicial branch": {
|
||||
"highest court(s)": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -579,13 +579,13 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
"description": {
|
||||
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Asamblea Nacional (137 seats; 116 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 15 members directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by open-list proportional representation vote, and 6 directly elected in multi-seat constituencies for Ecuadorians living abroad by simple majority vote; members serve 4-year terms); note - all Assembly members have alternates from the same party who cast votes when a primary member is absent, resigns, or is removed from office"
|
||||
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Asamblea Nacional (137 seats; 116 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 15 members directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by open-list proportional representation vote, and 6 directly elected in multi-seat constituencies for Ecuadorians living abroad by simple majority vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "last held on 20 August 2023 (next to be held on 28 February 2025)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "percent of vote by party - RC5 38%, Construye 20.4%, ADN 10.2%, PSC 10.2%, Actuemos 5.8%, MUPP 2.9%, other 12.4%; seats by party - RC5 52, Construye 28, ADN 14, PSC 14, Actuemos 8, MUPP 4, other 17; composition - men 78, women 59, percentage women 43.1%; note - defections by National Assembly members are commonplace, resulting in frequent changes in the numbers of seats held by the various parties"
|
||||
"text": "percent of vote by party - RC5 38%, Construye 20.4%, ADN 10.2%, PSC 10.2%, Actuemos 5.8%, MUPP 2.9%, other 12.4%; seats by party - RC5 52, Construye 28, ADN 14, PSC 14, Actuemos 8, MUPP 4, other 17; composition - men 78, women 59, percentage women 43.1%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> all Assembly members have alternates from the same party who cast votes when a primary member is absent, resigns, or is removed from office<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> on 18 May 2023, Ecuador’s National Electoral Council announced that the legislative and presidential elections - originally scheduled for February 2025 - would be held on 20 August 2023 after President Guillermo LASSO dissolved the National Assembly by decree on 17 May 2023; a return to a regular election cycle will occur in February 2025"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1210,13 +1210,13 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
"text": "information varies; approximately 160,000 total active personnel (130,000 Army; 15,000 Navy; 15,000 Air Force) (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "information varies; approximately 175,000 total active personnel (140,000 Army; 20,000 Navy; 15,000 Air Force) (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "much of the military's inventory is comprised of Chinese- and Russian-origin equipment; in recent years, China has been the leading provider of arms to Bangladesh (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "16-21 years of age for voluntary military service; Bangladeshi nationality and 10th grade education required; officers: 17-21 years of age, Bangladeshi nationality, and 12th grade education required (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "generally 17-21 for voluntary military service; length of service varies by military service (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military deployments": {
|
||||
"text": "approximately 1,400 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 1,650 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO; plus about 200 police); 120 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 100 Mali (MINUSMA; plus about 150 police); 1,600 South Sudan (UNMISS); 500 Sudan (UNISFA) (2024)",
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -681,10 +681,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"National heritage": {
|
||||
"total World Heritage Sites": {
|
||||
"text": "42 (34 cultural, 7 natural, 1 mixed)"
|
||||
"text": "43 (35 cultural, 7 natural, 1 mixed)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"selected World Heritage Site locales": {
|
||||
"text": "Taj Mahal (c); Red Fort Complex (c); Ellora Caves (c); Hill Forts of Rajasthan (c); Sundarbans National Park (n); Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka (c); Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park (c); Dholavira: A Harappan City (c); Jaipur (c); Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya (c); Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (n); Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks (n); Khangchendzonga National Park (m)"
|
||||
"text": "<p>Taj Mahal (c); Red Fort Complex (c); Elphanta Caves (c); Hill Forts of Rajasthan (c); Sundarbans National Park (n); Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka (c); Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park (c); Dholavira: A Harappan City (c); Jaipur (c); Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya (c); Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (n); Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks (n); Khangchendzonga National Park (m); Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram (c); Sun Temple, Konârak (c); Kaziranga National Park (n); Keoladeo National Park (n); Churches and Convents of Goa (c); Fatehpur Sikri (c); Group of Monuments at Hampi (c); Khajuraho Group of Monuments (c); Great Living Chola Temples (c); Group of Monuments at Pattadakal (c); Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi (c); Humayun's Tomb, Delhi (c); Qutb Minar and its Monuments, Delhi (c); Mountain Railways of India (c); Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (formerly Victoria Terminus) (c); The Jantar Mantar, Jaipur (c); Western Ghats (n); Great Himalayan National Park Conservation Area (n); Rani-ki-Vav (the Queen’s Stepwell) at Patan, Gujarat (c); Archaeological Site of Nalanda Mahavihara at Nalanda, Bihar (c); The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement (c); Historic City of Ahmadabad (c); Victorian Gothic and Art Deco Ensembles of Mumbai (c); Jaipur City, Rajasthan (c); Kakatiya Rudreshwara (Ramappa) Temple, Telangana (c); Sacred Ensembles of the Hoysalas (c); Santiniketan (c); Moidams – the Mound-Burial System of the Ahom Dynasty (c)</p>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -533,7 +533,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "President Mohamed MUIZZU (since 17 November 2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"cabinet": {
|
||||
"text": "Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president, approved by Parliament"
|
||||
"text": "Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president, approved by People's Majlis"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); first round held on 9 September 2023 and runoff held on 30 September 2023 (next to be held in 2028)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -544,7 +544,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
"description": {
|
||||
"text": "unicameral People's Assembly or People's Majlis (93 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
|
||||
"text": "unicameral People's Majlis (93 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "last held on 21 April 2024 (next to be held in 2029)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue