From 03749c3386bd5b5a31b0ffed2b3139c917280b50 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Yo Robot Date: Thu, 27 Jun 2024 22:19:50 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] auto-update week 26 --- africa/ag.json | 2 +- africa/cd.json | 23 ++++++++++++----------- africa/cn.json | 5 +++-- africa/ct.json | 2 +- africa/er.json | 5 +++-- africa/et.json | 2 +- africa/ke.json | 5 +++-- africa/ml.json | 7 ++++--- africa/mp.json | 7 ++++--- africa/mz.json | 7 ++++--- africa/ng.json | 9 +++++---- africa/ni.json | 2 +- africa/od.json | 7 ++++--- africa/se.json | 7 ++++--- africa/sf.json | 10 +++++----- africa/so.json | 8 ++++---- africa/su.json | 7 ++++--- africa/to.json | 2 +- africa/tz.json | 8 ++++---- africa/ug.json | 4 ++-- africa/uv.json | 7 ++++--- antarctica/ay.json | 2 +- australia-oceania/aq.json | 2 +- australia-oceania/cq.json | 2 +- australia-oceania/fj.json | 2 +- australia-oceania/fm.json | 5 +++-- australia-oceania/gq.json | 2 +- australia-oceania/kr.json | 5 +++-- australia-oceania/nc.json | 2 +- australia-oceania/nr.json | 5 +++-- australia-oceania/nz.json | 2 +- australia-oceania/ps.json | 5 +++-- australia-oceania/rm.json | 5 +++-- australia-oceania/tl.json | 4 ++-- australia-oceania/tn.json | 4 ++-- australia-oceania/ws.json | 2 +- central-america-n-caribbean/av.json | 4 ++-- central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json | 4 ++-- central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json | 7 ++++--- central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json | 4 ++-- central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json | 7 ++++--- central-america-n-caribbean/es.json | 7 ++++--- central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json | 9 +++++---- central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json | 5 +++-- central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json | 7 ++++--- central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json | 5 +++-- central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json | 5 +++-- central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json | 7 ++++--- central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json | 7 ++++--- central-america-n-caribbean/rn.json | 2 +- central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json | 2 +- central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json | 2 +- central-america-n-caribbean/td.json | 2 +- central-america-n-caribbean/vq.json | 4 ++-- central-asia/kg.json | 4 ++-- central-asia/kz.json | 5 +++-- central-asia/rs.json | 2 +- central-asia/tx.json | 5 +++-- east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json | 4 ++-- east-n-southeast-asia/bx.json | 5 +++-- east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json | 5 +++-- east-n-southeast-asia/id.json | 5 +++-- east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json | 2 +- east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json | 8 ++++---- east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json | 5 +++-- east-n-southeast-asia/my.json | 5 +++-- east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json | 5 +++-- east-n-southeast-asia/th.json | 6 +++--- east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json | 7 ++++--- europe/be.json | 7 ++++--- europe/da.json | 5 +++-- europe/ee.json | 4 ++-- europe/ei.json | 5 +++-- europe/fr.json | 2 +- europe/gk.json | 5 +++-- europe/ic.json | 5 +++-- europe/it.json | 2 +- europe/je.json | 2 +- europe/lh.json | 2 +- europe/ls.json | 7 ++++--- europe/lu.json | 4 ++-- europe/mt.json | 2 +- europe/nl.json | 9 +++++---- europe/no.json | 8 ++++---- europe/ri.json | 2 +- europe/sp.json | 6 +++--- europe/sv.json | 4 ++-- europe/sw.json | 4 ++-- europe/sz.json | 7 ++++--- europe/uk.json | 8 ++++---- europe/vt.json | 4 ++-- middle-east/aj.json | 2 +- middle-east/gg.json | 4 ++-- middle-east/ku.json | 2 +- middle-east/le.json | 4 ++-- middle-east/tu.json | 4 ++-- north-america/mx.json | 5 +++-- north-america/us.json | 7 ++++--- oceans/xo.json | 3 --- oceans/zh.json | 3 --- oceans/zn.json | 3 --- south-america/ar.json | 6 +++--- south-america/br.json | 7 ++++--- south-america/ci.json | 5 +++-- south-america/co.json | 9 +++++---- south-america/ec.json | 7 ++++--- south-america/gy.json | 7 ++++--- south-america/ns.json | 7 ++++--- south-america/pa.json | 7 ++++--- south-america/pe.json | 6 +++--- south-america/uy.json | 7 ++++--- south-america/ve.json | 7 ++++--- 112 files changed, 305 insertions(+), 259 deletions(-) diff --git a/africa/ag.json b/africa/ag.json index b19181bd..fae98775 100644 --- a/africa/ag.json +++ b/africa/ag.json @@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ }, "Constitution": { "history": { - "text": "several previous; latest approved by referendum November 2020" + "text": "several previous; latest approved by referendum 1 November 2020" }, "amendments": { "text": "proposed by the president of the republic or through the president with the support of three fourths of the members of both houses of Parliament in joint session; passage requires approval by both houses, approval by referendum, and promulgation by the president; the president can forego a referendum if the Constitutional Council determines the proposed amendment does not conflict with basic constitutional principles; articles including the republican form of government, the integrity and unity of the country, and fundamental citizens’ liberties and rights cannot be amended; amended 2002, 2008, 2016; last in 2020" diff --git a/africa/cd.json b/africa/cd.json index 0fa0b00c..fc6db200 100644 --- a/africa/cd.json +++ b/africa/cd.json @@ -578,39 +578,40 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "Transitional President Mahamat Idriss DEBY (since 20 April 2021); note - on 20 April 2021, newly reelected President Idriss DEBY Itno, Lt. Gen., died of injuries sustained following clashes between government forces he was commanding and insurgents in the northern part of the country; following his death, Mahamat Idriss DEBY took control of the country and dismissed the Chadian parliament, establishing a Transitional Military Council (TMC) and promising elections within 18 months; the transition was extended for 24 months and the TMC was dissolved in October 2022, postponing elections until 31 October 2024" + "text": "President Mahamat Idriss DEBY (since 6 May 2024) " }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister Succès MASRA (since 1 January 2024)" + "text": "Prime Minister Allamaye HALINA (since 23 May 2024)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 11 April 2021; note - on 20 April 2021, military officials suspended the constitution and formed a Transitional Military Council, pledging to hold democratic elections by October 2022 but have since delayed elections until 31 October 2024" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 6 May 2024 (next to be held NA)" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2021: Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY Itno reelected transitional president; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY (MPS) 79.3%, Pahimi PADACKET Albert (RNDT) 10.3%, Lydie BEASSEMDA (Party for Democracy and Independence) 3.2%, other 7.2%

2016: Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY Itno reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY (MPS) 61.6%, Saleh KEBZABO (UNDR) 12.8%, Laokein Kourayo MEDAR (CTPD) 10.7%, Djimrangar DADNADJI (CAP-SUR) 5.1%, other 9.8%" - } + "text": "
2024: Mahamat Idriss DEBY elected president; percent of vote - Mahamat Idriss DEBY (MPS) 61%, Succes MASRA (Transformers) 18.5%, Albert PADACKE 16.9%, other 3.6%

2021: Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY Itno reelected transitional president; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY (MPS) 79.3%, Pahimi PADACKET Albert (RNDT) 10.3%, Lydie BEASSEMDA (Party for Democracy and Independence) 3.2%, other 7.2%

" + }, + "note": "note: on 20 April 2021; President Idriss DEBY died of injuries sustained following clashes between government forces and insurgents in northern Chad; following his death, Mahamat Idriss DEBY, his son, took control of the country, established a Transitional Military Council which was dissolved in October 2022, and was elected president by popular vote in May 2024" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { - "text": "formerly a unicameral National Assembly or Assemblée Nationale (188 seats; 163 directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 25 directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote with a second round if needed; members serve 4-year terms); note - on 5 October 2021, Interim President Mahamat Idriss DEBY installed 93 members of an interim parliament, called the National Transitional Council (NTC), replacing the National Assembly, which was disbanded after he took control of the country on 20 April 2021; according to DEBY, the NTC will act as a national assembly of transition until the country’s next elections take place" + "text": "bicameral Parliament to replace unicameral National Assembly and to consist of:
Senate - representing the Autonomous Communities - NA seats (members indirectly elected by electoral college of provincial and communal councilors for 6-year renewable terms)
National Assembly NA seats (members directly elected by popular vote to serve 5-year renewable terms)" }, "elections": { - "text": "members of the so called \"National Transitional Council\" were installed by Interim President DEBY on 5 October 2021 (next to be held in September 2022)" + "text": "last held for National Assembly on 6 May 2011 (first elections for new Parliament expected in October 2024)" }, "election results": { - "text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 64, women 29, percent of women 31.2%" + "text": "6 May 2011:  percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 64, women 29, percent of women 31.2%" }, - "note": "note: the National Assembly mandate was extended to 2020, reportedly due to a lack of funding for the scheduled 2015 election; the MPS has held a majority in the NA since 1997" + "note": "Note:  the Transitional Military Council, which dissolved the National Assembly in September 2021, was replaced by the National Transitional Council (CNT) in October 2022; the CNT, led by Prime Minister Allamaye HALINA, serves as an interim parliament for the country in its transition to democracy and tasked with preparations for elections, which are expected in October 2024" }, "Judicial branch": { "highest court(s)": { - "text": "Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice, 3 chamber presidents, and 12 judges or councilors and divided into 3 chambers); Constitutional Council (consists of 3 judges and 6 jurists)" + "text": "Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice, 3 chamber presidents, and 12 judges or councilors and divided into 3 chambers); Supreme Council of the Judiciary (consists of the Judiciary president, vice president and 13 members)" }, "judge selection and term of office": { - "text": "Supreme Court chief justice selected by the president; councilors - 8 designated by the president and 7 by the speaker of the National Assembly; chief justice and councilors appointed for life; Constitutional Council judges - 2 appointed by the president and 1 by the speaker of the National Assembly; jurists - 3 each by the president and by the speaker of the National Assembly; judges appointed for 9-year terms" + "text": "Supreme Court chief justice selected by the president; councilors - 8 designated by the president and 7 by the speaker of the National Assembly; chief justice and councilors appointed for life; Supreme Council of the Judiciary - with the exception of the Judiciary president and vice president, members are elected for single renewable 4-year terms" }, "subordinate courts": { "text": "High Court of Justice; Courts of Appeal; tribunals; justices of the peace" diff --git a/africa/cn.json b/africa/cn.json index ac1e4821..c3a4b6b3 100644 --- a/africa/cn.json +++ b/africa/cn.json @@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President AZALI Assoumani (since 26 May 2016); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President AZALI Assoumani (since 26 May 2016) " }, "head of government": { "text": "President AZALI Assoumani (since 26 May 2016)" @@ -527,7 +527,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: AZALI Assoumani reelected president in first round - AZALI Assoumani (CRC) 63%, SALIM ISSA Abdallah (PJ) 20.3%, DAOUDOU Abdallah Mohamed (Orange Party) 5.9%, Bourhane HAMIDOU (independent) 5.1%

2019: AZALI Assoumani elected president in first round - AZALI Assoumani (CRC) 60.8%, Ahamada MAHAMOUDOU (PJ) 14.6%, Mouigni Baraka Said SOILIHI (independent) 5.6%, other 19%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/africa/ct.json b/africa/ct.json index f68c2196..5579a354 100644 --- a/africa/ct.json +++ b/africa/ct.json @@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ "text": "President Faustin-Archange TOUADERA (since 30 March 2016)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister Felix MOLOUA (since 7 February 2022); note - Prime Minister Henri-Marie DONDRA resigned on 2 February 2022" + "text": "Prime Minister Felix MOLOUA (since 7 February 2022)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" diff --git a/africa/er.json b/africa/er.json index 454ea8aa..92bbe5c1 100644 --- a/africa/er.json +++ b/africa/er.json @@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 24 May 1993); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly" + "text": "President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 24 May 1993)" }, "head of government": { "text": "President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 8 June 1993)" @@ -540,7 +540,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "1993: ISAIAS Afwerki elected president by the transitional National Assembly; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afwerki (PFDJ) 95%, other 5%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/africa/et.json b/africa/et.json index 18e8eeec..19fb70bb 100644 --- a/africa/et.json +++ b/africa/et.json @@ -601,7 +601,7 @@ "text": "President SAHLE-WORK Zewde (since 25 October 2018)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister ABIY Ahmed Ali (since April 2018); Deputy Prime Minister TEMESGEN Tiruneh Dinku (since 8 February 2024)" + "text": "Prime Minister ABIY Ahmed Ali (since April 2018)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives" diff --git a/africa/ke.json b/africa/ke.json index b217e80e..33b7f82a 100644 --- a/africa/ke.json +++ b/africa/ke.json @@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President William RUTO (since 13 September 2022); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President William RUTO (since 13 September 2022)" }, "head of government": { "text": "President William RUTO (since 13 September 2022)" @@ -588,7 +588,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "2022:  William RUTO elected president in first round; percent of vote - William RUTO (UDA) 50.5%, Raila ODINGA (ODM) 48.9%, other 0.6%

2017:  Uhuru KENYATTA reelected president; percent of vote - Uhuru KENYATTA (JP) 98.3%, Raila ODINGA (ODM) 1%, other 0.7%; note - Kenya held a previous presidential election on 8 August 2017, but Kenya's Supreme Court on 1 September 2017 nullified the results, citing irregularities; the political opposition boycotted the October vote" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/africa/ml.json b/africa/ml.json index 99f4301b..83c59d60 100644 --- a/africa/ml.json +++ b/africa/ml.json @@ -588,10 +588,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "Transition President Assimi GOITA (since 7 June 2021); note - an August 2020 coup d'état deposed President Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA; on 21 September 2020, a group of 17 electors chosen by the Malian military junta, known as the National Committee for the Salvation of the People (CNSP) and led by Colonel Assimi GOITA, selected Bah NDAW as transition president; GOITA served as vice president of the transition government which was inaugurated on 25 September 2020; Vice President GOITA seized power on 25 May 2021; NDAW resigned on 26 May 2021; on 6 June 2022, GOITA's government announced a transition period of 24 months with a planned return to civilian rule by March 2024" + "text": "Transition President Assimi GOITA (since 7 June 2021)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Transition Prime Minister Choguel MAIGA (appointed by Transition President Assimi GOITA on 7 June 2021)

note: former transition Prime Minister Moctar OUANE was arrested and detained by the military on 24 May 2021 and resigned on 26 May 2021" + "text": "Transition Prime Minister Choguel MAIGA (appointed by Transition President Assimi GOITA on 7 June 2021)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister" @@ -601,7 +601,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2018: Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA reelected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA (RPM) 41.7%, Soumaila CISSE (URD) 17.8%, other 40.5%; percent of vote in second round - Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA 67.2%, Soumaila CISSE 32.8%

2013: Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA (RPM) 39.8%, Soumaila CISSE (URD) 19.7%, other 40.5%; percent of vote in second round - Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA (RPM) 77.6%, Soumaila CISSE (URD) 22.4%" - } + }, + "note": "note 1: an August 2020 coup d'état deposed President Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA; on 21 September 2020, a group of 17 electors chosen by the Malian military junta, known as the National Committee for the Salvation of the People (CNSP) and led by Colonel Assimi GOITA, selected Bah NDAW as transition president; GOITA served as vice president of the transition government which was inaugurated on 25 September 2020; Vice President GOITA seized power on 25 May 2021; NDAW resigned on 26 May 2021; on 6 June 2022, GOITA's government announced a transition period of 24 months with a planned return to civilian rule by March 2024

note 2: former transition Prime Minister Moctar OUANE was arrested and detained by the military on 24 May 2021 and resigned on 26 May 2021" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/africa/mp.json b/africa/mp.json index ae346eae..a8609f09 100644 --- a/africa/mp.json +++ b/africa/mp.json @@ -518,10 +518,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Prithvirajsing ROOPUN (since 2 December 2019); Vice President Marie Cyril EDDY Boissézon (since 2 December 2019)" + "text": "President Prithvirajsing ROOPUN (since 2 December 2019)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister Pravind JUGNAUTH (since 23 January 2017); note - Prime Minister Sir Anerood JUGNAUTH stepped down on 23 January 2017 in favor of his son, Pravind Kumar JUGNAUTH, who was then appointed prime minister; following 7 November 2019 parliamentary elections, Pravind JUGNAUTH remained prime minister and home affairs minister and also became defense minister" + "text": "Prime Minister Pravind JUGNAUTH (since 23 January 2017) " }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet of Ministers (Council of Ministers) appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister" @@ -531,7 +531,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2019: Prithvirajsing ROOPUN (MSM) elected president by the National Assembly - unanimous vote

2015: Ameenah GURIB-FAKIM (independent) elected president by the National Assembly - unanimous vote; note - GURIB-FAKIM, who was Mauritius' first female president, resigned on 23 March 2018; acting presidents served from March 2018 until ROOPUN's appointment in 2019
" - } + }, + "note": "note: Prime Minister Sir Anerood JUGNAUTH stepped down on 23 January 2017 in favor of his son, Pravind Kumar JUGNAUTH, who was then appointed prime minister; following 7 November 2019 parliamentary elections, Pravind JUGNAUTH remained prime minister and home affairs minister and also became defense minister" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/africa/mz.json b/africa/mz.json index 27a845d8..0ca40044 100644 --- a/africa/mz.json +++ b/africa/mz.json @@ -575,10 +575,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Filipe Jacinto NYUSI (since 15 January 2015); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Filipe Jacinto NYUSI (since 15 January 2015)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Filipe Jacinto NYUSI (since 15 January 2015); Prime Minister Adriano Afonso MALEIANE (since 3 March 2022); note - President NYUSI removed Prime Minister Carlos Agostinho DO ROSARIO from office on 3 March 2022 as part of a cabinet reshuffle" + "text": "President Filipe Jacinto NYUSI (since 15 January 2015)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" @@ -588,7 +588,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2019: Filipe NYUSI reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Filipe NYUSI (FRELIMO) 73.0%, Ossufo MOMADE (RENAMO) 21.9%, Daviz SIMANGO (MDM) 5.1%

2014:  Filipe NYUSI elected president in first round; percent of vote - Filipe NYUSI (FRELIMO) 57.0%, Afonso DHLAKAMA (RENAMO) 36.6%, Daviz SIMANGO (MDM) 6.4%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/africa/ng.json b/africa/ng.json index f89a62a4..f3c6c7cf 100644 --- a/africa/ng.json +++ b/africa/ng.json @@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ "text": "several previous; passed by referendum 31 October 2010, entered into force 25 November 2010" }, "amendments": { - "text": "proposed by the president of the republic or by the National Assembly; consideration of amendments requires at least three-fourths majority vote by the Assembly; passage requires at least four-fifths majority vote; if disapproved, the proposed amendment is dropped or submitted to a referendum; constitutional articles on the form of government, the multiparty system, the separation of state and religion, disqualification of Assembly members, amendment procedures, and amnesty of participants in the 2010 coup cannot be amended; amended 2011, 2017" + "text": "formerly proposed by the president of the republic or by the National Assembly; consideration of amendments requires at least three-fourths majority vote by the Assembly; passage requires at least four-fifths majority vote; if disapproved, the proposed amendment is dropped or submitted to a referendum; constitutional articles on the form of government, the multiparty system, the separation of state and religion, disqualification of Assembly members, amendment procedures, and amnesty of participants in the 2010 coup cannot be amended; amended 2011, 2017" }, "note": "Note: on 26 July 2023, the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland, a military junta which took control of Niger's government, dissolved the country's constitution" }, @@ -579,7 +579,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President of the National Council for Safeguarding of the Homeland (CNSP) General Abdourahame TIANI (since 28 July 2023); note - deposed president BAZOUM under house arrest since a military coup on 26 July 2023" + "text": "President of the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland (CNSP) General Abdourahame TIANI (since 28 July 2023)" }, "head of government": { "text": "CNSP Prime Minister Ali Mahaman Lamine ZEINE (since 9 August 2023)" @@ -592,11 +592,12 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2020/2021: Mohamed BAZOUM elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Mohamed BAZOUM (PNDS-Tarrayya) 39.3%, Mahamane OUSMANE (MODEN/FA Lumana Africa) 17%, Seini OUMAROU (MNSD-Nassara) 9%, Albade ABOUDA (MPR-Jamhuriya) 7.1%, other 27.6%; percent of vote in second round - Mohamed BAZOUM 55.7%, Mahamane OUSMANE 44.3%

2016: ISSOUFOU Mahamadou reelected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - ISSOUFOU Mahamadou (PNDS-Tarrayya) 48.6%, Hama AMADOU (MODEN/FA Lumana Africa) 17.8%, Seini OUMAROU (MNSD-Nassara) 11.3%, other 22.3%; percent of vote in second round - ISSOUFOU Mahamadou 92%, Hama AMADOU 8%" - } + }, + "note": "note: deposed president BAZOUM is under house arrest since a military coup on 26 July 2023" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { - "text": "formerly the unicameral National Assembly (171 statutory seats - 166 currently; 158 members directly elected from 8 multi-member constituencies in 7 regions and Niamey by party-list proportional representation, 8 reserved for minorities elected in special single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 5 seats reserved for Nigeriens living abroad - l seat per continent - elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote; members serve 5-year terms) as part of the 26 July 2023 military coup" + "text": "formerly the unicameral National Assembly (171 statutory seats - 166 currently; 158 members directly elected from 8 multi-member constituencies in 7 regions and Niamey by party-list proportional representation, 8 reserved for minorities elected in special single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 5 seats reserved for Nigeriens living abroad - 1 seat per continent - elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote; members serve 5-year terms)" }, "elections": { "text": "last held on 27 December 2020 (prior to the military coup, next elections were to be held in December 2025)" diff --git a/africa/ni.json b/africa/ni.json index faae333a..4a37e538 100644 --- a/africa/ni.json +++ b/africa/ni.json @@ -619,7 +619,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Mobolaji Sakirat OGUNDERO (since 1 November 2023)" + "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Rabiu LAWAL, (since 10 June 2024)" }, "chancery": { "text": "3519 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008" diff --git a/africa/od.json b/africa/od.json index 320878fd..9a52ef2c 100644 --- a/africa/od.json +++ b/africa/od.json @@ -484,10 +484,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Salva KIIR Mayardit (since 9 July 2011); Vice Presidents Riek MACHAR Teny Dhurgon, TABAN Deng Gai, James Wani IGGA, Rebecca Nyandeng Chol GARANG de Mabior, Hussein ABDELBAGI Ayii (all since 22 February 2020); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Salva KIIR Mayardit (since 9 July 2011)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Salva KIIR Mayardit (since 9 July 2011); Vice Presidents Riek MACHAR Teny Dhurgon, TABAN Deng Gai, James Wani IGGA, Rebecca Nyandeng Chol GARANG de Mabior, Hussein ABDELBAGI Ayii (all since 22 February 2020)" + "text": "President Salva KIIR Mayardit (since 9 July 2011)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "National Council of Ministers appointed by the president, approved by the Transitional National Legislative Assembly" @@ -497,7 +497,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "2010: Salva KIIR Mayardit elected leader of then-Southern Sudan; percent of vote - Salva KIIR Mayardit (SPLM) 93%, Lam AKOL (SPLM-DC) 7%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/africa/se.json b/africa/se.json index 4c67693e..c5124b27 100644 --- a/africa/se.json +++ b/africa/se.json @@ -514,10 +514,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Wavel RAMKALAWAN (since 26 October 2020); Vice President Ahmed AFIF (since 27 October 2020); the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Wavel RAMKALAWAN (since 26 October 2020) " }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Wavel RAMKALAWAN (since 26 October 2020); Vice President Ahmed AFIF (since 27 October 2020)" + "text": "President Wavel RAMKALAWAN (since 26 October 2020)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" @@ -527,7 +527,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: Wavel RAMKALAWAN elected president; Wavel RAMKALAWAN (LDS) 54.9%, Danny FAURE (US) 43.5%, other 1.6%

2015:  President James Alix MICHEL reelected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - James Alix MICHEL (PL) 47.8%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN (SNP) 35.3%, other 16.9%; percent of vote in second round - James Alix MICHEL 50.2%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN 49.8%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/africa/sf.json b/africa/sf.json index 0016b140..5d28ad40 100644 --- a/africa/sf.json +++ b/africa/sf.json @@ -574,19 +574,19 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (since 15 February 2018) " + "text": "President Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (since 19 June 2024)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (since 15 February 2018)" + "text": "President Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (since 19 June 2024)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 22 May 2019 (next to be held in 2024) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 29 May 2024 (next to be held in 2029) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2019: Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (ANC) elected president by the National Assembly unopposed

2014: Jacob ZUMA (ANC) reelected president by the National Assembly unopposed 

 

" + "text": "
2024: Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (ANC) elected president by the National Assembly unopposed

2019: Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (ANC) elected president by the National Assembly unopposed

2014: Jacob ZUMA (ANC) reelected president by the National Assembly unopposed 

 

" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -619,7 +619,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Ndumiso Ndima NTSHINGA (since 30 October 2023)" + "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Ismail ESAU (since 3 May2023)" }, "chancery": { "text": "3051 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" diff --git a/africa/so.json b/africa/so.json index 519b355c..3805e8e4 100644 --- a/africa/so.json +++ b/africa/so.json @@ -1108,7 +1108,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Somali National Armed Forces (SNAF; aka Somali National Defense Force): Land Forces (Somali National Army or SNA), Somali Navy, Somali Air Force

Ministry of Internal Security: Somali National Police (SNP, includes Coast Guard and a commando unit known as Harmacad or Cheetah) 

National Security and Intelligence Agency (includes a commando/counterterrorism unit) (2023)", + "text": "Somali National Armed Forces (SNAF; aka Somali National Defense Force): Land Forces (Somali National Army or SNA), Somali Navy, Somali Air Force

Ministry of Internal Security: Somali National Police (SNP, includes Coast Guard and a commando unit known as Harmacad or Cheetah) 

National Security and Intelligence Agency (includes a commando/counterterrorism unit) (2024)", "note": "note 1:  the Somali Navy and Air Force have only a few hundred personnel, little equipment, and are not operational; in early 2024, Somalia signed an agreement with Turkey to build, train and equip the Somali Navy

note 2: Somalia has numerous militia (\"macawisley\") and regional forces operating throughout the country; these forces include ones that are clan- and warlord-based, semi-official paramilitary and special police forces (\"darwish\"), and externally sponsored militias

note 3: Somaliland and Puntland have separate military and security forces" }, "Military expenditures": { @@ -1129,8 +1129,8 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "estimates vary; approximately 20,000 regular military personnel (2023)", - "note": "note 1: in January 2023, the Somali Government said the SNA would have 24,000 trained and equipped troops by 2024; it aims to also have about 40,000 police

note 2: as of 2022, there were estimates of up to 50,000 militia forces operating in the country" + "text": "estimated 20-25,000 regular military personnel (2024)", + "note": "note: tens of thousands of militia forces are also active in Somalia" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the SNA is lightly armed with an inventory that includes a variety of older, secondhand equipment largely from Italy, Russia, South Africa, and the UK; in recent years, it has received small quantities of equipment as aid/donations from a variety of countries, including the US (2023)" @@ -1139,7 +1139,7 @@ "text": "18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service for men and women; conscription of men aged 18-40 and women aged 18-30 is authorized, but not currently utilized (2023)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the Somali National Army (SNA) and supporting security and militia forces are actively conducting operations against the al-Shabaab terrorist group (see Appendix T); al-Shabaab controls large parts of southern and central Somalia 

of the SNA’s approximately 13 brigades, the most effective are assessed to be the US-trained Danab (\"Lightning\") Advanced Infantry Brigade and those of the Turkish-trained Gorgor (\"Eagle\") Special Division; as of 2023, the Danab Brigade numbered about 2,000 troops with an eventual projected strength of 3,000, while the Gorgor Division was estimated to have up to 5,000 trained troops; the Somali Government has sent thousands of troops to Eritrea and Uganda for training and in 2023 announced plans to send additional personnel to Egypt and Ethiopia for training

the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) operated in the country with the approval of the UN from 2007-2022; its peacekeeping mission included assisting Somali forces in providing security for a stable political process, enabling the gradual handing over of security responsibilities from AMISOM to the Somali security forces, and reducing the threat posed by al-Shabaab and other armed opposition groups; in April 2022, AMISOM was reconfigured and replaced with the AU Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS); the ATMIS mission is to support the Somalia Federal Government (FGS) in implementing the security objectives of the FGS's security transition plan, a comprehensive strategy developed by the FGS and its international partners in 2018 and updated in 2021 to gradually transfer security responsibilities from ATMIS to Somali security forces; originally about 20,000-strong (civilians, military, and police), ATMIS began reducing its staffing levels in mid-2023; its planned departure from Somalia is the end of 2024

UN Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM; established 2013) is mandated by the Security Council to work with the FGS to support national reconciliation, provide advice on peace-building and state-building, monitor the human rights situation, and help coordinate the efforts of the international community; the UN Support Office in Somalia (UNSOS; established 2015) is responsible for providing logistical field support to ATMIS, UNSOM, and the Somali security forces on joint operations with ATMIS

the European Union Training Mission in Somalia (EUTM-S) has operated in the country since 2010; the EUTM provides advice and training to the Somali military; the US, UK, and Turkey maintain separate military training missions in Somalia (the US has also supported the SNA with air strikes); the UAE maintains a military presence in Somaliland (2023)" + "text": "the Somali National Army (SNA) and supporting security and militia forces are actively conducting operations against the al-Shabaab terrorist group; al-Shabaab controls large parts of southern and central Somalia (see Appendix T)

the SNA is a lightly armed force of approximately 13 brigades; its most effective units are assessed to be the US-trained Danab (\"Lightning\") Advanced Infantry Brigade and those of the Turkish-trained Gorgor (\"Eagle\") Special Division; as of 2023, the Danab Brigade numbered about 2,000 troops with an eventual projected strength of 3,000, while the Gorgor Division was estimated to have up to 5,000 trained troops; SNA soldiers have also received training from Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, the European Union, Uganda, and the UK

the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) operated in the country with the approval of the UN from 2007-2022; its peacekeeping mission included assisting Somali forces in providing security for a stable political process, enabling the gradual handing over of security responsibilities from AMISOM to the Somali security forces, and reducing the threat posed by al-Shabaab and other armed opposition groups; in April 2022, AMISOM was reconfigured and replaced with the AU Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS); the ATMIS mission is to support the Somalia Federal Government (FGS) in implementing the security objectives of the FGS's security transition plan, a comprehensive strategy developed by the FGS and its international partners in 2018 and updated in 2021 to gradually transfer security responsibilities from ATMIS to Somali security forces; originally about 20,000-strong (civilians, military, and police), ATMIS began reducing its staffing levels in mid-2023; its planned departure from Somalia is the end of 2024

UN Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM; established 2013) is mandated by the Security Council to work with the FGS to support national reconciliation, provide advice on peace-building and state-building, monitor the human rights situation, and help coordinate the efforts of the international community; the UN Support Office in Somalia (UNSOS; established 2015) is responsible for providing logistical field support to ATMIS, UNSOM, and the Somali security forces on joint operations with ATMIS (2024)" } }, "Terrorism": { diff --git a/africa/su.json b/africa/su.json index 759b0b0c..0c86d1e1 100644 --- a/africa/su.json +++ b/africa/su.json @@ -563,10 +563,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "Sovereign Council Chair and Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces General Abd-al-Fatah al-BURHAN Abd-al-Rahman; note – the 2019 Constitutional Declaration established a collective chief of state of the \"Sovereign Council,\" which was chaired by al-BURHAN; on 25 October 2021, al-BURHAN dissolved the Sovereign Council but reinstated it on 11 November 2021, replacing its civilian members (previously selected by the umbrella civilian coalition the Forces for Freedom and Change) with civilians of the military’s choosing but then relieved the newly appointed civilian members of their duties on 6 July 2022; note - Sovereign Council currently consists of only the 5 generals" + "text": "Sovereign Council Chair and Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces General Abd-al-Fatah al-BURHAN Abd-al-Rahman" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Sovereign Council Chair and Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces General Abd-al-Fatah al-BURHAN Abd-al-Rahman; Acting Prime Minister Osman HUSSEIN (since 19 January 2022); note - former Prime Minister Abdallah HAMDOUK resigned on 2 January 2022; HAMDOUK served as prime minister from August 2019 to October 2019 before he was kidnapped; he was later freed and reinstated as prime minister on 21 November 2021" + "text": "Sovereign Council Chair and Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces General Abd-al-Fatah al-BURHAN Abd-al-Rahman" }, "cabinet": { "text": "most members of the Council of Ministers were forced from office in October 2021 by the military and subsequently resigned in November 2021; the military allowed a handful of ministers appointed by former armed opposition groups to retain their posts; at present, most of the members of the Council are senior civil servants serving in an acting minister capacity appointed either by Prime Minister HAMDOUK prior to his resignation or by the military" @@ -576,7 +576,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "NA" - } + }, + "note": "note 1: the 2019 Constitutional Declaration established a collective chief of state of the \"Sovereign Council,\" which was chaired by al-BURHAN; on 25 October 2021, al-BURHAN dissolved the Sovereign Council but reinstated it on 11 November 2021, replacing its civilian members (previously selected by the umbrella civilian coalition the Forces for Freedom and Change) with civilians of the military’s choosing but then relieved the newly appointed civilian members of their duties on 6 July 2022

note 2: Sovereign Council currently consists of only the 5 generals

note 3: former Prime Minister Abdallah HAMDOUK resigned on 2 January 2022; HAMDOUK served as prime minister from August 2019 to October 2019 before he was kidnapped; he was later freed and reinstated as prime minister on 21 November 2021" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/africa/to.json b/africa/to.json index e50bd0ef..94209d1e 100644 --- a/africa/to.json +++ b/africa/to.json @@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ "text": "several previous; latest adopted 27 September 1992, effective 14 October 1992" }, "amendments": { - "text": "proposed by the president of the republic or supported by at least one fifth of the National Assembly membership; passage requires four-fifths majority vote by the Assembly; a referendum is required if approved by only two-thirds majority of the Assembly or if requested by the president; constitutional articles on the republican and secular form of government cannot be amended; amended 2002, 2007, last in 2019 when the National Assembly unanimously approved a package of amendments, including setting presidential term limits of two 5-year mandates" + "text": "proposed by the president of the republic or supported by at least one fifth of the National Assembly membership; passage requires four-fifths majority vote by the Assembly; a referendum is required if approved by only two-thirds majority of the Assembly or if requested by the president; constitutional articles on the republican and secular form of government cannot be amended; amended 2002, 2007, last in 2023 " } }, "Legal system": { diff --git a/africa/tz.json b/africa/tz.json index 03e86d3e..81c48139 100644 --- a/africa/tz.json +++ b/africa/tz.json @@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ }, "Constitution": { "history": { - "text": "several previous; latest adopted 25 April 1977; note - progress enacting a new constitution drafted in 2014 by the Constituent Assembly has stalled" + "text": "several previous; latest adopted 25 April 1977; note - drafting of a new constitution by the National Assembly in 2014 had stalled, and not until 2021, when President HASSAN expressed the need for broad government reform was there a renewed mandate for a new constitution; a task force drafted and submitted a report in October 2202 with broad government reform recommendations, including a six-pronged approach to a new constitution; the president as recently as mid-2023 reaffirmed her commitment to a new constitution; Tanzania's political opposition in early 2024, called for protests rallying countrywide support for action on this issue" }, "amendments": { "text": "proposed by the National Assembly; passage of amendments to constitutional articles including those on sovereignty of the United Republic, the authorities and powers of the government, the president, the Assembly, and the High Court requires two-thirds majority vote of the mainland Assembly membership and of the Zanzibar House of Representatives membership; House of Representatives approval of other amendments is not required; amended several times, last in 2017" @@ -600,10 +600,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Samia Suluhu HASSAN (since 19 March 2021); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; note - following the death of President John MAGUFULI in March 2021, then Vice President Samia Suluhu HASSAN assumed the presidency; Vice President Philip MPANGO (since 31 March 2021)" + "text": "President Samia Suluhu HASSAN (since 19 March 2021)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Samia Suluhu HASSAN (since 19 March 2021); Vice President Philip MPANGO; Prime Minister Kassim MAJALIWA (since 20 November 2015) has authority over the day-to-day functions of the government, is the leader of government business in the National Assembly, and is head of the Cabinet" + "text": "President Samia Suluhu HASSAN (since 19 March 2021); Prime Minister Kassim MAJALIWA (since 20 November 2015) has authority over the day-to-day functions of the government, is the leader of government business in the National Assembly, and is head of the Cabinet" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president from among members of the National Assembly" @@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ "election results": { "text": "
2020: John MAGUFULI reelected president; percent of vote - John MAGUFULI (CCM) 84.4%, Tundu LISSU (CHADEMA) 13%, other 2.6%; note - President MAGUFULI died on 17 March 2021 and his Vice President, Samia Suluhu HASSAN, assumed the office of the President on 19 March 2021

2015: John MAGUFULI elected president; percent of vote - John MAGUFULI (CCM) 58.5%, Edward LOWASSA (CHADEMA) 40%, other 1.5%" }, - "note": "note: Zanzibar elects a president as head of government for internal matters; elections were held on 28 October 2020; Hussein MWINYI (CCM) 76.3%, Maalim Seif SHARIF (ACT-Wazalendo) 19.9%, other 3.8%" + "note": "note 1: Zanzibar elects a president as head of government for internal matters; elections were held on 28 October 2020; Hussein MWINYI (CCM) 76.3%, Maalim Seif SHARIF (ACT-Wazalendo) 19.9%, other 3.8%

note 2: the president is both chief of state and head of government

note 3: following the death of President John MAGUFULI in March 2021, then Vice President Samia Suluhu HASSAN assumed the presidency" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/africa/ug.json b/africa/ug.json index 49b7f35f..4e886211 100644 --- a/africa/ug.json +++ b/africa/ug.json @@ -557,10 +557,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since 26 January 1986); Vice President Jessica Rose Epel ALUPO (since 21 June 2021)" + "text": "President Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since 26 January 1986)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since 26 January 1986); Vice President Jessica Rose Epel ALUPO (since 21 June 2021); Prime Minister Robinah NABBANJA (since 21 June 2021); First Deputy Prime Minister Rebecca KADAGA (since 24 June 2021); Second Deputy Prime Minister Moses ALI (since 21 June 2021); note - the prime minister is appointed by the president, with the approval of parliament, to coordinate the work of the cabinet and advise the president.    

 

" + "text": "President Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since 26 January 1986)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president from among elected members of the National Assembly or persons who qualify to be elected as members of the National Assembly" diff --git a/africa/uv.json b/africa/uv.json index 08654a71..04a0b84a 100644 --- a/africa/uv.json +++ b/africa/uv.json @@ -563,10 +563,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "transitional President Capt. Ibrahim TRAORE (since 30 September 2022); note - on 30 September 2022, a military junta, led by TRAORE, took power and ousted Transition President Lt. Col. Paul-Henri Sandaogo DAMIBA and took over as head of the Patriotic Movement for Safeguard and Restoration" + "text": "transitional President Capt. Ibrahim TRAORE (since 30 September 2022)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister Joachim KYLEM DE TAMBELA (since 21 October 2022); note - transitional President TRAORE appointed KYLEM DE TAMBELA Prime Minister on 21 October 2022; the position had been vacant since 30 September 2022 when the military ousted former Prime Minister Albert OUEDRAOGO" + "text": "Prime Minister Joachim KYLEM DE TAMBELA (since 21 October 2022) " }, "cabinet": { "text": "prior to the 2022 coups and adhoc suspension of laws and constitutional provisions, Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister" @@ -576,7 +576,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: Roch Marc Christian KABORE reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Roch Marc Christian KABORE (MPP) 57.9%, Eddie KOMBOIGO (CDP) 15.5%, Zephirin DIABRE (UPC) 12.5%, other 14.1%

2015: Roch Marc Christian KABORE elected president in first round; percent of vote - Roch Marc Christian KABORE (MPP) 53.5%, Zephirin DIABRE (UPC) 29.6%, Tahirou BARRY (PAREN) 3.1%, Benewende Stanislas SANKARA (UNIR-MS) 2.8%, other 10.9%" - } + }, + "note": "note - on 30 September 2022, a military junta, led by TRAORE, took power and ousted Transition President Lt. Col. Paul-Henri Sandaogo DAMIBA and took over as head of the Patriotic Movement for Safeguard and Restoration

note - transitional President TRAORE appointed KYLEM DE TAMBELA Prime Minister on 21 October 2022; the position had been vacant since 30 September 2022 when the military ousted former Prime Minister Albert OUEDRAOGO" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/antarctica/ay.json b/antarctica/ay.json index ac93d1c6..88509802 100644 --- a/antarctica/ay.json +++ b/antarctica/ay.json @@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ }, "People and Society": { "Population": { - "text": "no indigenous inhabitants, but staff is present at year-round and summer-only research stations

note: 56 countries have signed the 1959 Antarctic Treaty; 30 of those operate through their National Antarctic Program a number of seasonal-only (summer) and year-round research stations on the continent and its nearby islands south of 60 degrees south latitude (the region covered by the Antarctic Treaty); the population engaging in and supporting science or managing and protecting the Antarctic region varies from approximately 5,000 in summer to 1,100 in winter; in addition, approximately 1,000 personnel, including ship's crew and scientists doing onboard research, are present in the waters of the treaty region

as of 2024, peak summer (December-February) maximum capacity in scientific stations - 4,713 total; Argentina 425, Australia 238, Belarus 15, Belgium 55, Brazil 64, Bulgaria 25, Chile 375, China 164, Czechia 32, Ecuador 35, Finland 16, France 136, France and Italy jointly 70, Germany 60, India 72, Italy 150, Japan 130, South Korea 158, New Zealand 85, Norway 60, Peru 30, Poland 41, Russia 211, South Africa 80, Spain 79, Sweden 16, Ukraine 15, United Kingdom 315, United States 1,495 , Uruguay 66 (2024)

winter (June-August) maximum capacity in scientific station - 1,056 total; Argentina 221, Australia 52, Brazil 15, Chile 114, China 32, France 24, France and Italy jointly 13, Germany 9, India 48, Japan 40, Netherlands 10, South Korea 25, NZ 11, Norway 7, Poland 16, Russia 125, South Africa 15, Ukraine 12, UK 44, US 215, Uruguay 8 (2024)

research stations operated within the Antarctic Treaty area (south of 60 degrees south latitude) by National Antarctic Programs year-round stations - approximately 47 total; Argentina 6, Australia 3, Brazil 1, Chile 4, China 2, France 1, France and Italy jointly 1, Germany 2, India 2, Japan 1, South Korea 2, NZ 1, Norway 1, Poland 1, Russia 5, South Africa 1, Ukraine 1, UK 8, US 3, Uruguay 1 (2024)

a range of seasonal-only (summer) stations, camps, refuges, depots, and laboratories - Argentina, Australia, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Chile, China, Czechia, Ecuador, Finland, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, South Korea, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Poland, Russia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Ukraine, UK, US, and Uruguay (2024)

in addition, during the austral summer some nations have numerous occupied locations such as tent camps, summer-long temporary facilities, and mobile traverses in support of research" + "text": "no indigenous inhabitants, but staff is present at year-round and summer-only research stations

note: 56 countries have signed the 1959 Antarctic Treaty; 30 of those operate through their National Antarctic Program a number of seasonal-only (summer) and year-round research stations on the continent and its nearby islands south of 60 degrees south latitude (the region covered by the Antarctic Treaty); the population engaging in and supporting science or managing and protecting the Antarctic region varies from approximately 5,000 in summer to 1,100 in winter; in addition, approximately 1,000 personnel, including ship's crew and scientists doing onboard research, are present in the waters of the treaty region

as of 2024, peak summer (December-February) maximum capacity in scientific stations - 4,713 total; Argentina 425, Australia 238, Belarus 15, Belgium 55, Brazil 64, Bulgaria 25, Chile 375, China 164, Czechia 32, Ecuador 35, Finland 16, France 136, France and Italy jointly 70, Germany 60, India 72, Italy 150, Japan 130, South Korea 158, New Zealand 85, Norway 60, Peru 30, Poland 41, Russia 211, South Africa 80, Spain 79, Sweden 16, Ukraine 15, United Kingdom 315, United States 1,495 , Uruguay 66 (2024)

winter (June-August) maximum capacity in scientific stations - 1,056 total; Argentina 221, Australia 52, Brazil 15, Chile 114, China 32, France 24, France and Italy jointly 13, Germany 9, India 48, Japan 40, Netherlands 10, South Korea 25, NZ 11, Norway 7, Poland 16, Russia 125, South Africa 15, Ukraine 12, UK 44, US 215, Uruguay 8 (2024)

in addition, during the austral summer, some nations have numerous occupied locations such as tent camps, summer-long temporary facilities, and mobile traverses in support of research" } }, "Environment": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/aq.json b/australia-oceania/aq.json index ce205c51..e67b00f6 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/aq.json +++ b/australia-oceania/aq.json @@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Joseph R. BIDEN Jr. (since 20 January 2021); Vice President Kamala D. HARRIS (since 20 January 2021)" + "text": "President Joseph R. BIDEN Jr. (since 20 January 2021)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Governor Lemanu Peleti MAUGA (since 3 January 2021)" diff --git a/australia-oceania/cq.json b/australia-oceania/cq.json index 5a6ba6eb..46b62af7 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/cq.json +++ b/australia-oceania/cq.json @@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Joseph R. BIDEN Jr. (since 20 January 2021); Vice President Kamala D. HARRIS (since 20 January 2021)" + "text": "President Joseph R. BIDEN Jr. (since 20 January 2021)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Governor Arnold PALACIOS (since 9 January 2023)" diff --git a/australia-oceania/fj.json b/australia-oceania/fj.json index d1569c69..819f7965 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/fj.json +++ b/australia-oceania/fj.json @@ -564,7 +564,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Aporosa BABAKOBUA" + "text": "Ambassador Ilisoni VUIDREKETI (since 17 June 2024)" }, "chancery": { "text": "1707 L Street NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20036" diff --git a/australia-oceania/fm.json b/australia-oceania/fm.json index c4ef6aa9..1c909a51 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/fm.json +++ b/australia-oceania/fm.json @@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Wesley W. SIMINA (since 12 May 2023); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Wesley W. SIMINA (since 12 May 2023)" }, "head of government": { "text": "President Wesley W. SIMINA (since 12 May 2023)" @@ -475,7 +475,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "David W. PANUELO elected president by Congress; Yosiwo P. GEORGE reelected vice president" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/gq.json b/australia-oceania/gq.json index d3dc67f7..1411fb43 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/gq.json +++ b/australia-oceania/gq.json @@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Joseph R. BIDEN Jr. (since 20 January 2021); Vice President Kamala D. HARRIS (since 20 January 2021)" + "text": "President Joseph R. BIDEN Jr. (since 20 January 2021)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Governor Lourdes LEON GUERRERO (since 7 January 2019)" diff --git a/australia-oceania/kr.json b/australia-oceania/kr.json index a2784607..b1275e17 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/kr.json +++ b/australia-oceania/kr.json @@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Taneti MAAMAU (since 11 March 2016); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Taneti MAAMAU (since 11 March 2016)" }, "head of government": { "text": "President Taneti MAAMAU (since 11 March 2016)" @@ -522,7 +522,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "2020: Taneti MAAMAU reelected president; percent of vote - Taneti MAAMAU (TKB) 59.3%, Banuera BERINA (BKM) 40.7%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/nc.json b/australia-oceania/nc.json index f95d877f..e0eb58e2 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nc.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nc.json @@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ "text": "President Emmanuel MACRON (since 14 May 2017); represented by High Commissioner Louise LEFRANC (since 6 February 2023)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President of the Government Louis MAPOU (since 22 July 2021); Vice President Isabelle CHAMPMOREAU (since 22 July 2021)" + "text": "President of the Government Louis MAPOU (since 22 July 2021)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet elected from and by the Territorial Congress" diff --git a/australia-oceania/nr.json b/australia-oceania/nr.json index 485e394b..2ae37727 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nr.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nr.json @@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President David ADEANG (since 30 October 2023); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President David ADEANG (since 30 October 2023)" }, "head of government": { "text": "President David ADEANG (since 30 October 2023)" @@ -471,7 +471,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "2023: David ADEAGN elected president over Delvin THOMA, 10-8" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/nz.json b/australia-oceania/nz.json index 39abeab8..d23400e5 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nz.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nz.json @@ -581,7 +581,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador Bede Gilbert CORRY (since 16 September 2022)" + "text": "Ambassador Rosemary BANKS (since 17 June 2024)" }, "chancery": { "text": "37 Observatory Circle NW, Washington, DC 20008" diff --git a/australia-oceania/ps.json b/australia-oceania/ps.json index 0b4f681a..31c5d739 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/ps.json +++ b/australia-oceania/ps.json @@ -482,7 +482,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Surangel WHIPPS Jr. (since 21 January 2021); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Surangel WHIPPS Jr. (since 21 January 2021)" }, "head of government": { "text": "President Surangel WHIPPS Jr. (since 21 January 2021)" @@ -495,7 +495,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: Surangel WHIPPS, Jr. elected president in second round; percent of vote - Surangel WHIPPS, Jr. (independent) 56.7%, Raynold OILUCH (independent) 43.3%

2016: Tommy REMENGESAU reelected president in the second round; percent of vote - Tommy REMENGESAU (independent) 51.3%, Surangel WHIPPS, Jr. (independent) 48.7%; Antonio BELLS elected vice president" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/rm.json b/australia-oceania/rm.json index c7210d11..af328dbc 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/rm.json +++ b/australia-oceania/rm.json @@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Hilda C. HEINE (since 3 January 2023); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Hilda C. HEINE (since 3 January 2023) " }, "head of government": { "text": "President Hilda C. HEINE (since 3 January 2023)" @@ -512,7 +512,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "2023: Hilda C. HEINE elected president; National Parliament vote - Hilda C. HEINE (independent) 17, David KABUA (independent) 16

2020: David KABUA elected president; National Parliament vote - David KABUA (independent) 20, Hilda C. HEINE (independent) 12" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/tl.json b/australia-oceania/tl.json index 09e0154b..2a312083 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/tl.json +++ b/australia-oceania/tl.json @@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor-General of New Zealand Dame Cindy KIRO (since 21 September 2021); New Zealand is represented by Administrator Don HIGGINS (since June 2022)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "(Ulu o Tokelau) Alapati TAVITE (since 12 March 2024); note - position rotates annually among the three Faipule (village leaders) of the atolls" + "text": "(Ulu o Tokelau) Alapati TAVITE (since 12 March 2024)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau (or Tokelau Council) functions as a cabinet; consists of 3 village leaders (Faipule) and 3 village mayors (Pulenuku)" @@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ "elections/appointments": { "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; head of government chosen from the Council of Faipule to serve a 1-year term" }, - "note": "note: the meeting place of the Tokelau Council rotates annually among the three atolls; this tradition has given rise to the somewhat misleading description that the capital rotates yearly between the three atolls; in actuality, it is the seat of the government councilors that rotates since Tokelau has no capital" + "note": "note: the meeting place of the Tokelau Council and the head of government position rotates annually among the three atolls; this tradition has given rise to the somewhat misleading description that the capital rotates yearly between the three atolls; in actuality, it is the seat of the government councilors that rotates since Tokelau has no capital" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/tn.json b/australia-oceania/tn.json index 60d8e4dd..249124bd 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/tn.json +++ b/australia-oceania/tn.json @@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "King TUPOU VI (since 18 March 2012); Heir Apparent Crown Prince Siaosi Manumataogo 'Alaivahamama'o 'Ahoeitu Konstantin Tuku'aho, son of the king (born 17 September 1985)" + "text": "King TUPOU VI (since 18 March 2012)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Siaosi SOVALENI (since 27 December 2021)" @@ -577,7 +577,7 @@ "text": "[1] (917) 369-1024" }, "email address and website": { - "text": "
tongaunmission@aol.com" + "text": "
tongaconsnot@gmail.com" }, "consulate(s) general": { "text": "San Francisco" diff --git a/australia-oceania/ws.json b/australia-oceania/ws.json index 5b2bda7c..cb8512e3 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/ws.json +++ b/australia-oceania/ws.json @@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ "text": "election last held on 9 April 2021 (next election to be held in 2026)" }, "election results": { - "text": "percent of vote by party - HRPP 55%, FAST 37%, TSP 3%, independent 5%; seats by party – 35 FAST, HRPP 18, independent 1; composition - men 47, women 7, percentage women 13%

note: on 29 November 2021, the Election Commissioner added two seats for women to the National Assembly, bringing the HRPP’s total from 20 to 22 seats

" + "text": "percent of vote by party - HRPP 55%, FAST 37%, TSP 3%, independent 5%; seats by party – 35 FAST, HRPP 18, independent 1; composition - men 47, women 7, percentage women 13%

note: on 29 November 2021, the Election Commissioner added two seats for women to the Legislative Assembly, bringing the HRPP’s total from 20 to 22 seats

" } }, "Judicial branch": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/av.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/av.json index 5a6df53f..a7afb9ab 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/av.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/av.json @@ -388,10 +388,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor Julia CROUCH
(since 11 September 2023)" + "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor Julia CROUCH (since 11 September 2023)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Premier Dr. Ellis WEBSTER (since 30 June 2020); note - starting in 2019, the title of head of government was changed to premier from Chief Minister of Anguilla" + "text": "Premier Dr. Ellis WEBSTER (since 30 June 2020) " }, "cabinet": { "text": "Executive Council appointed by the governor from among elected members of the House of Assembly" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json index e027278c..716035bc 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json @@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ }, "Constitution": { "history": { - "text": "previous 1954, 1963 (preindependence); latest signed and entered into force 21 September 1981" + "text": "previous 1954, 1963 (preindependence); latest signed and entered into force 21 September 1981; note - in July 2022, the government introduced a bill to establish the People's Constitutional Commission to review the constitution and to provide recommendations to the National Assembly" }, "amendments": { "text": "proposed and adopted by two-thirds majority vote of the National Assembly House of Representatives except for amendments relating to rights and freedoms, changes to the Assembly, and to elections and judiciary matters, which require at least three-quarters majority vote of the House; both types of amendments require assent of the governor general; amended several times, last in 2017" @@ -531,7 +531,7 @@ "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor-General Froyla TZALAM (since 27 May 2021)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister John BRICENO (since 12 November 2020); Deputy Prime Minister Cordel HYDE (since 16 November 2020)" + "text": "Prime Minister John BRICENO (since 12 November 2020)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister from among members of the National Assembly" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json index 3651751b..3b9b69e0 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json @@ -551,10 +551,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Rodrigo CHAVES Robles (since 8 May 2022); First Vice President Stephan BRUNNER Neibig (since 8 May 2022); Second Vice President Mary Denisse MUNIVE Angermuller (since 8 May 2022); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Rodrigo CHAVES Robles (since 8 May 2022) " }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Rodrigo CHAVES Robles (since 8 May 2022); First Vice President Stephan BRUNNER Neibig (since 8 May 2022); Second Vice President Mary Denisse MUNIVE Angermuller (since 8 May 2022)" + "text": "President Rodrigo CHAVES Robles (since 8 May 2022)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet selected by the president" @@ -564,7 +564,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Rodrigo CHAVES Robles elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jose Maria FIGUERES Olsen (PLN) 27.3%, Rodrigo CHAVES Robles (PPSD) 16.8%, Fabricio ALVARADO Munoz (PNR) 14.9%, Eliecer FEINZAIG Mintz (PLP) 12.4%, Lineth SABORIO Chaverri (PUSC) 12.4%, Jose Maria VILLALTA Florez-Estrada 8.7% (PFA), other 7.5%; percent of vote in second round - Rodrigo CHAVES Robles (PPSD) 52.8%, Jose Maria FIGUERES Olsen (PLN) 47.2%

2018: Carlos ALVARADO Quesada elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Fabricio ALVARADO Munoz (PRN) 25%; Carlos ALVARADO Quesada (PAC) 21.6%; Antonio ALVAREZ (PLN) 18.6%; Rodolfo PIZA (PUSC) 16%; Juan Diego CASTRO (PIN) 9.5%; Rodolfo HERNANDEZ (PRSC) 4.9%, other 4.4%; percent of vote in second round - Carlos ALVARADO Quesada (PAC) 60.7%; Fabricio ALVARADO Munoz (PRN) 39.3%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json index cbd69ec9..35b9b029 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json @@ -559,10 +559,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Miguel DIAZ-CANEL Bermudez (since 19 April 2018); Vice President Salvador Antonio VALDES Mesa (since 10 October 2019)" + "text": "President Miguel DIAZ-CANEL Bermudez (since 19 April 2018)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister Manuel MARRERO Cruz (since 21 December 2019); Deputy Prime Ministers Ramiro VALDES Menendez, Ines Maria CHAPMAN Waugh, Jorge Luis TAPIA Fonseca, Alejandro GIL Fernandez, Ricardo CABRISAS Ruiz (since 21 December 2019), and Jorge Luis PERDOMO DI-LELLA (since 20 April 2021)" + "text": "Prime Minister Manuel MARRERO Cruz (since 21 December 2019)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers proposed by the president and appointed by the National Assembly" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json index 880055c1..27881c1f 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json @@ -569,10 +569,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona (since 16 August 2020); Vice President Raquel PEÑA de Antuna (since 16 August 2020); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona (since 16 August 2020) " }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona (since 16 August 2020); Vice President Raquel PEÑA de Antuna (since 16 August 2020)" + "text": "President Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona (since 16 August 2020)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet nominated by the president" @@ -582,7 +582,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "2024: Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona reelected president; percent of vote - Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona (PRM) 57.5%, Leonel Antonio FERNÁNDEZ Reyna (FP) 28.8%, Abel MARTÍNEZ (PLD) 10.4%, other 3.3%

2020: Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona elected president in first round; percent of vote - Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona (PRM) 52.5%, Gonzalo CASTILLO Terrero (PLD) 37.5%, Leonel Antonio FERNÁNDEZ Reyna (FP) 8.9%, other 1.1%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json index 891c10be..3ea1f6c3 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json @@ -548,10 +548,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez (since 1 June 2019); Vice President Félix Augusto Antonio ULLOA Garay (since 1 June 2019); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez (since 1 June 2019)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez (since 1 June 2019); Vice President Félix Augusto Antonio ULLOA Garay (since 1 June 2019)" + "text": "President Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez (since 1 June 2019)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers selected by the president" @@ -561,7 +561,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "2024: Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez reelected president - Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez (Nuevas Ideas) 84.7%, Manuel FLORES (FMLN) 6.4%, Joel SANCHEZ (ARENA) 5.6%, Luis PARADA (NT) 2%, other 1.3%

2019: Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez elected president - Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez (GANA) 53.1%, Carlos CALLEJA Hakker (ARENA) 31.7%, Hugo MARTINEZ (FMLN) 14.4%, other 0.8%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json index bf4c4a9f..556708ab 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json @@ -550,10 +550,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Bernardo ARÉVALO de León (since 15 January 2024); Vice President Karin HERRERA (since 15 January 2024); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Bernardo ARÉVALO de León (since 15 January 2024) " }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Bernardo ARÉVALO de León (since 15 January 2024); Vice President Karin HERRERA (since 15 January 2024)" + "text": "President Bernardo ARÉVALO de León (since 15 January 2024)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" @@ -563,7 +563,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Bernardo ARÉVALO de León elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Sandra TORRES (UNE) 21%; Bernardo ARÉVALO de León (SEMILLA) 15.6%, Manuel CONDE Orellana (VAMOS) 10.4%; Armando CASTILLO Alvarado (VIVA) 9.6%, other 43.4%; percent of vote in second round - Bernardo ARÉVALO de León 60.9%, Sandra TORRES 39.1%

2019: Alejandro GIAMMATTEI elected president; percent of vote in first round - Sandra TORRES (UNE) 25.5%, Alejandro GIAMMATTEI (VAMOS) 14%, Edmond MULET (PHG) 11.2%, Thelma CABRERA (MLP) 10.4%, Roberto ARZU (PAN-PODEMOS) 6.1%, other 32.8%; percent of vote in second round - Alejandro GIAMMATTEI 58%, Sandra TORRES 42%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { @@ -595,7 +596,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Viviana Raquel ARENAS AGUILAR (since 30 January 2024)" + "text": "Ambassador Hugo Eduardo BETETA (since 17 June 2024)" }, "chancery": { "text": "2220 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json index a4789e51..6ffc45b4 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json @@ -549,7 +549,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President (vacant); note - former Prime Minister Ariel HENRY, who had assumed executive responsibilities following the assassination of President MOÏSE on 7 July 2021, resigned on 24 April 2024; a nine-member Presidential Transitional Council, equipped with presidential powers, was sworn in on 25 April 2024 and will remain in place until 7 February 2026" + "text": "President (vacant) " }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Garry CONILLE (since 3 June 2024)" @@ -562,7 +562,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2016: Jovenel MOÏSE elected president in first round; percent of vote - Jovenel MOÏSE (PHTK) 55.6%, Jude CELESTIN (LAPEH) 19.6%, Jean-Charles MOÏSE (PPD) 11%, Maryse NARCISSE (FL) 9%; other 4.8%

2011: Michel MARTELLY elected president in second round; percent of vote in second round - Michel MARTELLY (Peasant's Response) 68%, Mirlande MANIGAT (RDNP) 32%" - } + }, + "note": "note: former Prime Minister Ariel HENRY, who had assumed executive responsibilities following the assassination of President MOÏSE on 7 July 2021, resigned on 24 April 2024; a nine-member Presidential Transitional Council, equipped with presidential powers, was sworn in on 25 April 2024 and will remain in place until 7 February 2026" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json index bc4a30d3..294d560f 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json @@ -553,10 +553,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya (since 27 January 2022); Vice Presidents Salvador NASRALLA, Doris GUTIÉRREZ, and Renato FLORENTINO (all since 27 January 2022); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; CASTRO is Honduras' first female president" + "text": "President Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya (since 27 January 2022) " }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya (since 27 January 2022); Vice Presidents Salvador NASRALLA, Doris GUTIÉRREZ, and Renato FLORENTINO (all since 27 January 2022)" + "text": "President Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya (since 27 January 2022) " }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by president" @@ -566,7 +566,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya elected president; percent of vote - Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya (LIBRE) 51.1%, Nasry Juan ASFURA Zablah (PNH) 36.9%, Yani Benjamin ROSENTHAL Hidalgo (PL) 10%, other 2%

2017: Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado reelected president; percent of vote - Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado (PNH) 43%, Salvador NASRALLA (Alianza de Oposicion contra la Dictadura) 41.4%, Luis Orlando ZELAYA Medrano (PL) 14.7%, other 0.9%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json index 8d832c77..c1808e53 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json @@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor General Sir Patrick L. ALLEN (since 26 February 2009); note - the Jamaican Government, in May 2023, announced plans to hold a referendum in 2024 to determine whether or not to remain in the Commonwealth or become a republic" + "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor General Sir Patrick L. ALLEN (since 26 February 2009)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Andrew HOLNESS (since 3 March 2016)" @@ -527,7 +527,8 @@ }, "elections/appointments": { "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition in the House of Representatives is appointed prime minister by the governor general" - } + }, + "note": "note: the Jamaican Government, in May 2023, announced plans to hold a referendum in 2024 to determine whether or not to remain in the Commonwealth or become a republic" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json index 29d04e58..256432d2 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json @@ -408,14 +408,15 @@ "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor Sarah TUCKER (since 6 April 2023)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Premier Easton TAYLOR-FARRELL (since 19 November 2019); note - effective with Constitution Order 2010, October 2010, the office of premier replaced the office of chief minister" + "text": "Premier Easton TAYLOR-FARRELL (since 19 November 2019)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Executive Council consists of the governor, the premier, 3 other ministers, the attorney general, and the finance secretary" }, "elections/appointments": { "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party usually becomes premier" - } + }, + "note": "note: effective with Constitution Order 2010, October 2010, the office of premier replaced the office of chief minister" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json index edc8a3db..06b5086f 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json @@ -533,10 +533,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017)" + "text": "President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" @@ -546,7 +546,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a fourth consecutive term; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 75.9%, Walter ESPINOZA (PLC) 14.3%, Guillermo OSORNO (CCN) 3.3%, Marcelo MONTIEL (ALN) 3.1%, other 3.4%

2016: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a third consecutive term; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 72.4%, Maximino RODRIGUEZ (PLC) 15%, Jose del Carmen ALVARADO (PLI) 4.5%, Saturnino CERRATO Hodgson (ALN) 4.3%, other 3.7%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json index 5701549b..5e74192a 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json @@ -546,10 +546,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Laurentino \"Nito\" CORTIZO Cohen (since 1 July 2019); Vice President Jose Gabriel CARRIZO Jaen (since 1 July 2019); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Laurentino \"Nito\" CORTIZO Cohen (since 1 July 2019)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Laurentino \"Nito\" CORTIZO Cohen (since 1 July 2019); Vice President Jose Gabriel CARRIZO Jaen (since 1 July 2019)" + "text": "President Laurentino \"Nito\" CORTIZO Cohen (since 1 July 2019)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" @@ -559,7 +559,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: José Raúl MULINO Quintero elected president; percent of vote - José Raúl MULINO Quintero (RM) 34.2%, Ricardo Alberto LOMBANA González (MOCA) 24.6%, Martín Erasto TORRIJOS Espino (PP) 16%, Rómulo Alberto ROUX Moses (CD) 11.4%, Zulay RODRÍGUEZ Lu (independent) 6.6%, José Gabriel CARRIZO Jaén (PRD) 5.9%, other 1.3%; note - MULINO will take office 1 July 2024

2019: Laurentino \"Nito\" CORTIZO Cohen elected president; percent of vote - Laurentino CORTIZO Cohen (PRD) 33.3%, Romulo ROUX (CD) 31%, Ricardo LOMBANA (independent) 18.8%, Jose BLANDON (Panameñista Party) 10.8%, Ana Matilde GOMEZ Ruiloba (independent) 4.8%, other 1.3%

2014: Juan Carlos VARELA elected president; percent of vote - Juan Carlos VARELA (PP) 39.1%, Jose Domingo ARIAS (CD) 31.4%, Juan Carlos NAVARRO (PRD) 28.2%, other 1.3%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/rn.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/rn.json index a9976e96..9e536d70 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/rn.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/rn.json @@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ "text": "President Emmanuel MACRON (since 14 May 2017); represented by Prefect Vincent BERTON (since 28 March 2022)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President of Territorial Council Louis MUSSINGTON (since 3 April 2022); First Vice President Alain RICHARDSON (since 3 April 2022)" + "text": "President of Territorial Council Louis MUSSINGTON (since 3 April 2022)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Executive Council; note - there is also an advisory economic, social, and cultural council" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json index 6ee56d04..82844d88 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json @@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Joseph R. BIDEN Jr. (since 20 January 2021); Vice President Kamala D. HARRIS (since 20 January 2021)" + "text": "President Joseph R. BIDEN Jr. (since 20 January 2021)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Governor Pedro PIERLUISI (since 2 January 2021)" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json index c294f8f6..59102427 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json @@ -498,7 +498,7 @@ "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor General Marcella LIBURD (since 1 February 2023)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister Dr. Terrance DREW (since 6 August 2022); Deputy Prime Minister Dr. Geoffrey HANLEY (since 13 August 2022)" + "text": "Prime Minister Dr. Terrance DREW (since 6 August 2022)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by governor general in consultation with prime minister" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/td.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/td.json index 1f559714..f1e5fbe6 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/td.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/td.json @@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador Anthony Wayne Jerome PHILLIPS-SPENCER, Brig. Gen. (Ret.) (since 27 June 2016)" + "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Venessa RAMHIT-RAMROOP (since 3 March 2024)" }, "chancery": { "text": "1708 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036-1975" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/vq.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/vq.json index 923073db..1e1c711f 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/vq.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/vq.json @@ -411,10 +411,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Joseph R. BIDEN, Jr. (since 20 January 2021); Vice President Kamala D. HARRIS (since 20 January 2021)" + "text": "President Joseph R. BIDEN, Jr. (since 20 January 2021)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Governor Albert BRYAN, Jr. (since 7 January 2019), Lieutenant Governor Tregenza ROACH (since 7 January 2019)" + "text": "Governor Albert BRYAN, Jr. (since 7 January 2019)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Territorial Cabinet appointed by the governor and confirmed by the Senate" diff --git a/central-asia/kg.json b/central-asia/kg.json index 9e8fd69c..5e3d4f2b 100644 --- a/central-asia/kg.json +++ b/central-asia/kg.json @@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Sadyr JAPAROV (since 28 January 2021); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Sadyr JAPAROV (since 28 January 2021)" }, "head of government": { "text": "President Sadyr JAPAROV (since 28 January 2021)" @@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ "election results": { "text": "
2021: Sadyr JAPAROV elected president in first round; percent of vote - Sadyr JAPAROV (Mekenchil) 79.2%, Adakhan MADUMAROV (United Kyrgyzstan) 6.8%, other 14%

2017: Sooronbay JEENBEKOV elected president; Sooronbay JEENBEKOV (Social Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan) 54.7%, Omurbek BABANOV (independent) 33.8%, Adakhan MADUMAROV (United Kyrgyzstan) 6.6%, other 4.9%" }, - "note": "note: the President is both Chief of State and Head of Government." + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/central-asia/kz.json b/central-asia/kz.json index 3bc623e9..a7dc32a1 100644 --- a/central-asia/kz.json +++ b/central-asia/kz.json @@ -566,7 +566,7 @@ "text": "President Kasym-Zhomart TOKAYEV (since 20 March 2019)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister Olzhas BEKTENOV (since 6 February 2024); note - Alikhan SMAILOV resigned on 5 February 2024" + "text": "Prime Minister Olzhas BEKTENOV (since 6 February 2024)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "the president appoints ministers based on the prime minister's recommendations; the president has veto power over all appointments and independently appoints the ministers of defense, internal affairs, and foreign affairs" @@ -576,7 +576,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "2024: Olzhas BEKTENOV elected as prime minister; 69-0 in parliament

2022: Kasym-Zhomart TOKAYEV reelected president; percent of vote - Kassym-Jomart TOKAYEV (Amanat) 81.3%, Zhiguli DAYRABAEV (Auyl) 3.4%, Qaraqat or Karakat ÄBDEN (KÄQŪA) 2.6%, Meyram KAZHYKEN (Amanat) 2.5%, Nurlan AUYESBAYEV (NSDP) 2.2%, Saltanat TURSYNBEKOVA (QA-DJ) 2.1%, other 5.8%

2019: Kasym-Zhomart TOKAYEV elected president; percent of vote - Kasym-Zhomart TOKAYEV (Amanat) 71%, Amirzhan KOSANOV (Ult Tagdyry) 16.2%, Daniya YESPAYEVA (Ak Zhol) 5.1%, other 7.7%" - } + }, + "note": "note: Prime Minister Alikhan SMAILOV resigned on 5 February 2024" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/central-asia/rs.json b/central-asia/rs.json index f1ed6a40..79fa6658 100644 --- a/central-asia/rs.json +++ b/central-asia/rs.json @@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Vladimir Vladimirovich PUTIN (since 7 May 2012); no vice president position" + "text": "President Vladimir Vladimirovich PUTIN (since 7 May 2012)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Premier Mikhail Vladimirovich MISHUSTIN (since 16 January 2020)" diff --git a/central-asia/tx.json b/central-asia/tx.json index 0163fd8e..80cccd66 100644 --- a/central-asia/tx.json +++ b/central-asia/tx.json @@ -554,7 +554,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Serdar BERDIMUHAMEDOV (since 19 March 2022); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Serdar BERDIMUHAMEDOV (since 19 March 2022)" }, "head of government": { "text": "President Serdar BERDIMUHAMEDOV (since 19 March 2022)" @@ -567,7 +567,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Serdar BERDIMUHAMEDOV elected president; percent of vote - Serdar BERDIMUHAMEDOW (DPT) 73%,  Khydyr NUNNAYEV (independent) 11.1%, Agadzhan BEKMYRADOV (IAP) 7.2%, other 8.7%; note - Serdar BERDIMUHAMEDOV is the son of previous president Gurbanguly BERDIMUHAMEDOV

2017: Gurbanguly BERDIMUHAMEDOV reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Gurbanguly BERDIMUHAMEDOW (DPT) 97.7%, other 2.3%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json index 81e0c3d0..5d1399a6 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json @@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "Prime Minister, State Administration Council Chair, Sr. Gen. MIN AUNG HLAING (since 1 August 2021); note - the military took over the government on 1 February 2021 and declared a state of emergency" + "text": "Prime Minister, State Administration Council Chair, Sr. Gen. MIN AUNG HLAING (since 1 August 2021) " }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister, State Administration Council Chair, Sr. Gen. MIN AUNG HLAING (since 1 August 2021)" @@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ "state counsellor": { "text": "State Counselor AUNG SAN SUU KYI (since 6 April 2016); note - under arrest since 1 February 2021; formerly served as Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister for the Office of the President" }, - "note": "note: a parliamentary bill creating the position of \"state counsellor\" was signed into law by former President HTIN KYAW on 6 April 2016; a state counsellor serves the equivalent term of the president and is similar to a prime minister in that the holder acts as a link between the parliament and the executive branch" + "note": "note: a parliamentary bill creating the position of \"state counsellor\" was signed into law by former President HTIN KYAW on 6 April 2016; a state counsellor serves the equivalent term of the president and is similar to a prime minister in that the holder acts as a link between the parliament and the executive branch

note: the military took over the government on 1 February 2021 and declared a state of emergency" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/bx.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/bx.json index ec8eceb1..acd4c8f3 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/bx.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/bx.json @@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "Sultan and Prime Minister Sir HASSANAL Bolkiah (since 5 October 1967); note - the monarch is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "Sultan and Prime Minister Sir HASSANAL Bolkiah (since 5 October 1967)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Sultan and Prime Minister Sir HASSANAL Bolkiah (since 5 October 1967)" @@ -530,7 +530,8 @@ }, "elections/appointments": { "text": "none; the monarchy is hereditary" - } + }, + "note": "note - the monarch is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json index 8a91b670..96da358a 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json @@ -563,14 +563,15 @@ "text": "King Norodom SIHAMONI (since 29 October 2004)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister HUN MANET (since 22 August 2023); note - MANET succeeded his father, HUN SEN, who had been prime minister since 1985" + "text": "Prime Minister HUN MANET (since 22 August 2023)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers named by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch" }, "elections/appointments": { "text": "monarch chosen by the 9-member Royal Council of the Throne from among all eligible males of royal descent; following legislative elections, a member of the majority party or majority coalition named prime minister by the Chairman of the National Assembly and appointed by the monarch" - } + }, + "note": "note:  MANET succeeded his father, HUN SEN, who had been prime minister since 1985" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json index ed7f5c29..c7ce49da 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json @@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Joko \"Jokowi\" WIDODO (since 20 October 2014); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Joko \"Jokowi\" WIDODO (since 20 October 2014) " }, "head of government": { "text": "President Joko \"Jokowi\" WIDODO (since 20 October 2014)" @@ -601,7 +601,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "2024: PRABOWO Subianto elected president; percent of vote - PRABOWO Subianto (GERINDRA) 58.6%, Anies Rasyid BASWEDAN (Independent) 24.9%, GANJAR Pranowo (PDI-P) 16.5%

2019: Joko WIDODO reelected president; percent of vote - Joko WIDODO (PDI-P) 55.5%, PRABOWO Subianto Djojohadikusumo (GERINDRA) 44.5%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json index 88ba9238..3f4dea8c 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json @@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "Emperor NARUHITO (since 1 May 2019); note - succeeded his father who abdicated on 30 April 2019" + "text": "Emperor NARUHITO (since 1 May 2019)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Fumio KISHIDA (since 4 October 2021)" diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json index cd83d1a0..3c98c822 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json @@ -524,10 +524,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "State Affairs Commission President KIM Jong Un (since 17 December 2011); note - within the North Korean system, KIM Jong Un's role as chief of state is secondary to his role as general secretary of the Korean Workers' Party; chief of state is used to engage with non-communist countries such as the US; North Korea revised its constitution in 2019 to define \"the Chairman of the State Affairs Commission\" as \"the supreme leader who represents the state\"; functions as the commander-in-chief and chief executive; the specific titles associated with this office have changed multiple times under KIM's tenure, however, KIM Jong Un has been supreme leader since his father's death in 2011" + "text": "State Affairs Commission President KIM Jong Un (since 17 December 2011)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Supreme People's Assembly President CHOE Ryong Hae (since 11 April 2019); note - functions as the technical head of state and performs related duties, such as receiving ambassadors' credentials" + "text": "Supreme People's Assembly President CHOE Ryong Hae (since 11 April 2019) " }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet or Naegak members appointed by the Supreme People's Assembly except the Minister of People's Armed Forces" @@ -538,7 +538,7 @@ "election results": { "text": "2019: KIM Jong Un reelected unopposed" }, - "note": "note 1: KIM Jong Un's titles include general secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea (KWP), chairman of the KWP Central Military Commission, president of the State Affairs Commission, and supreme commander of the Korean People's Army" + "note": "note 1: KIM Jong Un's titles include general secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea (KWP), chairman of the KWP Central Military Commission, president of the State Affairs Commission, and supreme commander of the Korean People's Army

note 2: within the North Korean system, KIM Jong Un's role as chief of state is secondary to his role as general secretary of the Korean Workers' Party; chief of state is used to engage with non-communist countries such as the US; North Korea revised its constitution in 2019 to define \"the Chairman of the State Affairs Commission\" as \"the supreme leader who represents the state\"; functions as the commander-in-chief and chief executive; the specific titles associated with this office have changed multiple times under KIM's tenure, however, KIM Jong Un has been supreme leader since his father's death in 2011

note 3: the head of government functions as the technical head of state and performs related duties, such as receiving ambassadors' credentials" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { @@ -1060,7 +1060,7 @@ "note": "note: the bulk of the KPA is made up of conscripts; as many as 20% of North Korean males between the ages of 16 and 54 are in the military at a given time and possibly up to 30 percent of males between the ages of 18 and 27, not counting the reserves or paramilitary units; women comprise about 20% of the military by some estimates" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "North Korea is one of the most militarized countries in the World, and the Korean People's Army (KPA) is one of the World’s largest military forces; founded in 1948, the KPA’s primary responsibilities are national defense and protection of the Kim regime; it also provides considerable support to domestic economic projects such as agriculture production and infrastructure construction; North Korea views the US as its primary external security threat while South Korea and Japan are treated as extensions of perceived US aggression; the North also sees South Korea’s different economic and political systems as a threat to the regime’s legitimacy; the Kim regime is driven by fears of threats to its power from internal sources as well 

in addition to the invasion of South Korea and the subsequent Korean War (1950-53), North Korea from the 1960s to the 1980s launched a considerable number of limited military and subversive actions against South Korea using special forces and terrorist tactics; including aggressive skirmishes along the DMZ, overt attempts to assassinate South Korean leaders, kidnappings, the bombing of an airliner, and a failed effort in 1968 to foment an insurrection and conduct a guerrilla war in the South with more than 100 seaborne commandos; from the 1990s until 2010, the North lost two submarines and a semi-submersible boat attempting to insert infiltrators into the South (1996, 1998) and provoked several engagements in the Northwest Islands area along the disputed Northern Limit Line (NLL), including naval skirmishes between patrol boats in 1999 and 2002, the torpedoing and sinking of a South Korean Navy corvette in 2010, and the bombardment of a South Korean military installation on Yeonpyeong Island, also in 2010; since 2010, further minor incidents continue to occur periodically along the DMZ, where both the KPA and the South Korean military maintain large numbers of troops

Kim Jong Un is the KPA supreme commander, while operational control of the armed forces resides in the General Staff Department (GSD), which reports directly to Kim; the GSD maintains overall control of all military forces and is charged with turning Kim’s directives into operational military orders; the Ministry of National Defense (MND) is responsible for administrative control of the military and external relations with foreign militaries

the KPA Ground Force is the core of North Korea’s military power and as of 2021 was assessed to be comprised of 10 regular infantry corps, two mechanized corps, one armored division, four mechanized divisions, and one artillery division plus numerous combat, combat support, and combat service support brigades and regiments; it was also estimated to have over 15,000 artillery systems and over 4,000 tanks 

the Air and Air Defense Forces control over 900 combat aircraft and 300 helicopters, nearly all of which are older Soviet-era models, as well as hundreds of surface-to-air missiles and anti-aircraft artillery guns

the Navy is primarily a coastal force, and its surface fleet is comprised of patrol craft; however, it maintains one of the world’s largest submarine forces, which includes about 70 diesel-electric attack, coastal, and midget class submarines 

the North's Special Operations Forces is assessed to have more than 100,000 personnel, making it the largest such force in the world; it includes ground, airborne, seaborne, reconnaissance, and infiltration units typically organized into brigades or regiments

North Korea’s Strategic Force operates the regime’s ballistic missiles, which include a growing inventory of close- (CRBM), short- (SRBM), medium- (MRBM), intermediate- (IRBM), and intercontinental- (ICBM) range ballistic missiles and its mission is to conduct both conventional and nuclear strikes; in 2021, it was assessed to have approximately 200 mobile ballistic missile launchers
(2023)" + "text": "North Korea is one of the most militarized countries in the World, and the Korean People's Army (KPA) is one of the World’s largest military forces; founded in 1948, the KPA’s primary responsibilities are national defense and protection of the Kim regime; it also provides considerable support to domestic economic projects such as agriculture production and infrastructure construction; North Korea views the US as its primary external security threat while South Korea and Japan are treated as extensions of perceived US aggression; the North also sees South Korea’s different economic and political systems as a threat to the regime’s legitimacy; the Kim regime is driven by fears of threats to its power from internal sources as well 

in addition to the invasion of South Korea and the subsequent Korean War (1950-53), North Korea from the 1960s to the 1980s launched a considerable number of limited military and subversive actions against South Korea using special forces and terrorist tactics; including aggressive skirmishes along the DMZ, overt attempts to assassinate South Korean leaders, kidnappings, the bombing of an airliner, and a failed effort in 1968 to foment an insurrection and conduct a guerrilla war in the South with more than 100 seaborne commandos; from the 1990s until 2010, the North lost two submarines and a semi-submersible boat attempting to insert infiltrators into the South (1996, 1998) and provoked several engagements in the Northwest Islands area along the disputed Northern Limit Line (NLL), including naval skirmishes between patrol boats in 1999 and 2002, the torpedoing and sinking of a South Korean Navy corvette in 2010, and the bombardment of a South Korean military installation on Yeonpyeong Island, also in 2010; since 2010, further minor incidents continue to occur periodically along the DMZ, where both the KPA and the South Korean military maintain large numbers of troops

Kim Jong Un is the KPA supreme commander, while operational control of the armed forces resides in the General Staff Department (GSD), which reports directly to Kim; the GSD maintains overall control of all military forces and is charged with turning Kim’s directives into operational military orders; the Ministry of National Defense (MND) is responsible for administrative control of the military and external relations with foreign militaries

the KPA Ground Force is the core of North Korea’s military power and as of 2021 was assessed to be comprised of 10 regular infantry corps, two mechanized corps, one armored division, four mechanized divisions, and one artillery division plus numerous combat, combat support, and combat service support brigades and regiments; it was also estimated to have over 15,000 artillery systems and over 4,000 tanks 

the Air and Air Defense Forces control over 900 combat aircraft and 300 helicopters, nearly all of which are older Soviet-era models, as well as hundreds of surface-to-air missiles and anti-aircraft artillery guns

the Navy is primarily a coastal force, and its surface fleet is comprised of patrol craft; however, it maintains one of the world’s largest submarine forces, which includes about 70 diesel-electric attack, coastal, and midget class submarines 

the North's Special Operations Forces is assessed to have more than 100,000 personnel, making it the largest such force in the world; it includes ground, airborne, seaborne, reconnaissance, and infiltration units typically organized into brigades or regiments

North Korea’s Strategic Force operates the regime’s ballistic missiles, which include a growing inventory of close- (CRBM), short- (SRBM), medium- (MRBM), intermediate- (IRBM), and intercontinental- (ICBM) range ballistic missiles and its mission is to conduct both conventional and nuclear strikes (2023)" } }, "Space": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json index 655b88a5..9a443bf3 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json @@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President YOON Suk Yeol (since 10 May 2022); the president is both chief of state and head of government; Prime Minister HAN Duck-soo (since 21 May 2022) serves as the principal executive assistant to the president, similar to the role of a vice president" + "text": "President YOON Suk Yeol (since 10 May 2022)" }, "head of government": { "text": "President YOON Suk Yeol (since 10 May 2022)" @@ -557,7 +557,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: YOON Suk-yeol elected president; YOON Suk-yeol (PPP) 48.6%, LEE Jae-myung (DP) 47.8%; other 3.6%

2017: MOON Jae-in elected president; MOON Jae-in (DP) 41.1%, HONG Joon-pyo (Liberty Korea Party) 24%, AHN Cheol-soo (PP) 21.4%, YOO Seung-min (Bareun Party) 6.8%, SIM Sang-jung (Justice Party) 6.2%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government; Prime Minister HAN Duck-soo (since 21 May 2022) serves as the principal executive assistant to the president, similar to the role of a vice president" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json index d14c9325..abb5bdb8 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json @@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "King Sultan IBRAHIM ibni al-Marhum Sultan Iskandar (since 31 January 2024); the position of the king is primarily ceremonial, but he is the final arbiter on the appointment of the prime minister" + "text": "King Sultan IBRAHIM ibni al-Marhum Sultan Iskandar (since 31 January 2024) " }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister ANWAR Ibrahim (since 25 November 2022)" @@ -567,7 +567,8 @@ }, "elections/appointments": { "text": "king elected by and from the hereditary rulers of 9 states for a 5-year term; election is on a rotational basis among rulers of the 9 states; election last held on 24 October 2023 (next to be held in October 2028 with installation in January 2029); prime minister designated from among members of the House of Representatives; following legislative elections, the leader who commands support of the majority of members in the House becomes prime minister" - } + }, + "note": "note: the position of the king is primarily ceremonial, but he is the final arbiter on the appointment of the prime minister" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json index 459ed0a3..4ce58a2d 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json @@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Ferdinand \"BongBong\" MARCOS, Jr. (since 30 June 2022); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Ferdinand \"BongBong\" MARCOS, Jr. (since 30 June 2022)" }, "head of government": { "text": "President Ferdinand \"BongBong\" MARCOS, Jr. (since 30 June 2022)" @@ -589,7 +589,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Ferdinand MARCOS, Jr. elected president; percent of vote - Ferdinand MARCOS, Jr. (PFP) 58.7%, Leni ROBREDO (independent) 27.9%, Manny PACQUIAO (PROMDI) 6.8%, other 6.6%; Sara DUTERTE-Carpio elected vice president; percent of vote Sara DUTERTE-Carpio (Lakas-CMD) 61.5%, Francis PANGILINAN (LP) 17.8%, Tito SOTTO 15.8%, other 4.9%

2016: Rodrigo DUTERTE elected president; percent of vote - Rodrigo DUTERTE (PDP-Laban) 39%, Manuel \"Mar\" ROXAS (LP) 23.5%, Grace POE (independent) 21.4%, Jejomar BINAY (UNA) 12.7%, Miriam Defensor SANTIAGO (PRP) 3.4%; Leni ROBREDO elected vice president; percent of vote Leni ROBREDO (LP) 35.1%, Bongbong MARCOS (independent) 34.5%, Alan CAYETANO 14.4%, Francis ESCUDERO (independent) 12%, other 4%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json index 5e5d8501..be677047 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json @@ -590,7 +590,7 @@ "text": "King WACHIRALONGKON, also spelled Vajiralongkorn (since 1 December 2016)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister SETTHA Thawisin (since 5 September 2023)" + "text": "Prime Minister SETTHA Thawisin, also spelled SRETTHA Thavisin (since 5 September 2023)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister, appointed by the king; a Privy Council advises the king" @@ -630,7 +630,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Appointed Ambassador Dr. Suriya CHINDAWONGSE (since June 2024)" + "text": "Ambassador Dr. Suriya CHINDAWONGSE (since 17 June 2024)" }, "chancery": { "text": "1024 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Suite 401, Washington, DC 20007" @@ -1286,7 +1286,7 @@ "text": "280 South Sudan (UNMISS) (2024)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the RTARF’s missions include defending the country’s territory and sovereignty, protecting the monarchy, ensuring internal security, and responding to natural disasters; it also plays a large role in domestic politics and has attempted more than 20 coups since the fall of absolute monarchy in 1932, the most recent being in 2014; the Army, formed in 1874, is the dominant service and has 15 combat divisions spread across four military regions; ten of the divisions are infantry, while the others are armored/mechanized cavalry, special forces, and artillery; established in 1906, the Navy’s principal warships include a light aircraft/helicopter carrier, a landing platform dock (LPD) amphibious assault ship, and nearly 20 frigates, corvettes, and offshore patrol vessels; it also has a marine infantry division; the Air Force, established in 1913, is one of the oldest in Southeast Asia and has around 100 combat aircraft

since 2004, the military has fought against separatist insurgents in the southern provinces of Pattani, Yala, and Narathiwat, as well as parts of Songkhla; the insurgency is rooted in ethnic Malay nationalist resistance to Thai rule that followed the extension of Siamese sovereignty over the Patani Sultanate in the 18th century; the insurgency consists of several armed groups, the largest of which is the Barisan Revolusi Nasional-Koordinasi (BRN-C): since 2020, Thai officials have been negotiating with BRN, and has parallel talks with an umbrella organization, MARA Pattani, that claims to represent the insurgency groups; since 2004, violence associated with the insurgency has claimed more than 7,300 lives (as of 2023); the Thai Government has had as many as 100,000 military and paramilitary forces deployed in the south to combat the insurgency

Thailand has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; the Thai and US militaries host the annual \"Cobra Gold\" multinational military exercises in Thailand; the exercise is one of the largest multinational exercises in the Pacific region (2023)" + "text": "the RTARF’s missions include defending the country’s territory and sovereignty, protecting the monarchy, ensuring internal security, and responding to natural disasters; it also plays a large role in domestic politics and has attempted as many as 20 coups since the fall of absolute monarchy in 1932, the most recent being in 2014; the Army, formed in 1874, is the dominant service and has 15 combat divisions spread across four military regions; ten of the divisions are infantry, while the others are armored/mechanized cavalry, special forces, and artillery; established in 1906, the Navy’s principal warships include a light aircraft/helicopter carrier, a landing platform dock (LPD) amphibious assault ship, and nearly 20 frigates, corvettes, and offshore patrol vessels; it also has a marine infantry division; the Air Force, established in 1913, is one of the oldest in Southeast Asia and has around 100 combat aircraft

since 2004, the military has fought against separatist insurgents in the southern provinces of Pattani, Yala, and Narathiwat, as well as parts of Songkhla; the insurgency is rooted in ethnic Malay nationalist resistance to Thai rule that followed the extension of Siamese sovereignty over the Patani Sultanate in the 18th century; the insurgency consists of several armed groups, the largest of which is the Barisan Revolusi Nasional-Koordinasi (BRN-C): since 2020, Thai officials have been negotiating with BRN, and has parallel talks with an umbrella organization, MARA Pattani, that claims to represent the insurgency groups; since 2004, violence associated with the insurgency has claimed more than 7,300 lives (as of 2023); the Thai Government has had as many as 100,000 military and paramilitary forces deployed in the south to combat the insurgency

Thailand has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; the Thai and US militaries host the annual \"Cobra Gold\" multinational military exercises in Thailand; the exercise is one of the largest multinational exercises in the Pacific region (2023)" } }, "Space": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json index 0689bfd6..d9c9c786 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json @@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President José RAMOS-HORTA (since 20 May 2022); note - the president is commander in chief of the military and can veto legislation, dissolve parliament, and call national elections" + "text": "President José RAMOS-HORTA (since 20 May 2022)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Kay Rala Xanana GUSMAO (since 1 July 2023)" @@ -548,7 +548,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: José RAMOS-HORTA elected president in second round - RAMOS-HORTA (CNRT) 62.1%, Francisco GUTERRES (FRETILIN) 37.9%

2017: Francisco GUTERRES elected president; Francisco GUTERRES (FRETILIN) 57.1%, António da CONCEICAO (PD) 32.5%, other 10.4%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is commander in chief of the military and can veto legislation, dissolve parliament, and call national elections" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { @@ -581,7 +582,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Antonito DE ARAUJO (since 24 February 2023)" + "text": "Ambassador José Luis GUTERRES (since 17 June 2024)" }, "chancery": { "text": "4201 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite 504, Washington, DC 20008" diff --git a/europe/be.json b/europe/be.json index 9d5e5ff0..40bcc594 100644 --- a/europe/be.json +++ b/europe/be.json @@ -549,17 +549,18 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "King PHILIPPE (since 21 July 2013); Heir Apparent Princess ELISABETH (daughter of the monarch, born 25 October 2001)" + "text": "King PHILIPPE (since 21 July 2013)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister Alexander DE CROO (since 1 October 2020); note - He resigned on 9 June 2024 following the parliamentary elections and is serving as prime minister in a caretaker status until a new prime minister is named" + "text": "Caretaker Prime Minister Alexander DE CROO (since 1 October 2020) " }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers formally appointed by the monarch" }, "elections/appointments": { "text": "the monarchy is hereditary and constitutional; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch and approved by Parliament" - } + }, + "note": "note - Alexander DE CROO resigned on 9 June 2024 following the parliamentary elections and is serving as prime minister in a caretaker status until a new prime minister is named" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/europe/da.json b/europe/da.json index 53b4fff0..209c351d 100644 --- a/europe/da.json +++ b/europe/da.json @@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "King FREDERIK X (since 14 January 2024); Heir Apparent Crown Prince CHRISTIAN (son of the king, born 15 October 2005); note - Queen MARGRETHE II abdicated on 14 January 2024, the first Danish monarch to voluntarily abdicate since King ERIC III in 1146" + "text": "King FREDERIK X (since 14 January 2024) " }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Mette FREDERIKSEN (since 27 June 2019)" @@ -562,7 +562,8 @@ }, "elections/appointments": { "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch" - } + }, + "note": "note: Queen MARGRETHE II abdicated on 14 January 2024, the first Danish monarch to voluntarily abdicate since King ERIC III in 1146" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/europe/ee.json b/europe/ee.json index b978b4e4..4d49d617 100644 --- a/europe/ee.json +++ b/europe/ee.json @@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ "text": "last held on 6-9 June 2024 (next to be held in June 2029)" }, "election results": { - "text": "European Parliament percent of vote - NA; seats by party - EPP 186, S&D 135, RE 79, ECR 73, ID 58, Greens/EFA 53, GUE-NGL 36, non-attached 45, other 55; composition - men 424, women 281, percentage women 39.8%" + "text": "European Parliament percent of vote - NA; seats by party - EPP 189, S&D 136, ECR 83, RE 74, ID 58, Greens/EFA 51, GUE-NGL 39, non-attached 45, other 45; composition - men 424, women 281, percentage women 39.8%" } }, "Judicial branch": { @@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ "note": "note: the ECJ is the supreme judicial authority of the EU; it ensures that EU law is interpreted and applied uniformly throughout the EU, resolves disputes among EU institutions and member states, and reviews issues and opinions regarding questions of EU law referred by member state courts" }, "Political parties and leaders": { - "text": "European United Left-Nordic Green Left or GUE/NGL [Manon AUBRY and Martin SCHIRDEWAN]
European Conservatives and Reformists or ECR [Raffaele FITTO and Ryszard LEGUTKO]
European Greens/European Free Alliance or Greens/EFA [Ska KELLER and Philippe LAMBERTS]
European People's Party or EPP [Manfred WEBER]
Identity and Democracy Party or ID [Marco ZANNI] (formerly known as Europe of Nations and Freedom Group or ENF)
Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats or S&D [Iratxe GARCIA]
Renew Europe or RE [Stephane SEJOURNE] (formerly Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe or ALDE)" + "text": "European United Left-Nordic Green Left or GUE/NGL [Manon AUBRY and Martin SCHIRDEWAN]
European Conservatives and Reformists or ECR [Nicola PROCACCINI and Ryszard LEGUTKO]
European Greens/European Free Alliance or Greens/EFA [Terry REINTKE and Bas EICKHOUT]
European People's Party or EPP [Manfred WEBER]
Identity and Democracy Party or ID [Marco ZANNI] (formerly known as Europe of Nations and Freedom Group or ENF)
Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats or S&D [Iraxte Garcia-PEREZ]
Renew Europe or RE [Valerie HAYER] (formerly Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe or ALDE)" }, "International organization participation": { "text": "ARF, ASEAN (dialogue member), Australian Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS, CERN, EBRD, FAO, FATF, G-7, G-10, G-20, IDA, IEA, IGAD (partners), LAIA (observer), NSG (observer), OAS (observer), OECD, PIF (partner), SAARC (observer), SICA (observer), UN (observer), UNRWA (observer), WCO, WTO, ZC (observer)" diff --git a/europe/ei.json b/europe/ei.json index 83385df5..00ac4681 100644 --- a/europe/ei.json +++ b/europe/ei.json @@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ "text": "President Michael D. HIGGINS (since 11 November 2011)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Taoiseach (Prime Minister) Simon HARRIS (since 9 April 2024); note - Taoiseach Leo VARADKAR resigned from the ruling party on 20 March 2024 but remained as the caretaker taoiseach until a successor was appointed" + "text": "Taoiseach (Prime Minister) Simon HARRIS (since 9 April 2024)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet nominated by the prime minister, appointed by the president, approved by the Dali Eireann (lower house of Parliament)" @@ -544,7 +544,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Simon HARRIS is elected taoiseach by parliament, 88 votes to 69, and is appointed taoiseach by the president

2018: Michael D. HIGGINS reelected president in first round; percent of vote in first round - Michael D. HIGGINS (independent) 55.8%, Peter CASEY (independent) 23.3%, Sean GALLAGHER (independent) 6.4%, Liadh NI RIADA (Sinn Fein) 6.4%, Joan FREEMAN (independent) 6%, Gavin DUFFY (independent) 2.2%

2011: Michael D. HIGGINS elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Michael D. HIGGINS (Labor) 39.6%, Sean GALLAGHER (independent) 28.5%, Martin McGuinness (Sinn Féin) 13.7%, Gay Mitchell (Fine Gael) 6.4%, David Norris (independent) 6.2%, Mary DAVIS (independent) 2.7%; percent of vote in second round - Michael D. HIGGINS 56.8%, Sean GALLAGHER 35.5%" - } + }, + "note": "note: Taoiseach Leo VARADKAR resigned from the ruling party on 20 March 2024 but remained as the caretaker taoiseach until a successor was appointed" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/europe/fr.json b/europe/fr.json index a0f6eed5..12f37348 100644 --- a/europe/fr.json +++ b/europe/fr.json @@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ "text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of:
Senate or Senat (348 seats - 328 for metropolitan France and overseas departments and regions of Guadeloupe, Martinique, French Guiana, Reunion, and Mayotte, 2 for New Caledonia, 2 for French Polynesia, 1 for Saint-Pierre and Miquelon, 1 for Saint-Barthelemy, 1 for Saint-Martin, 1 for Wallis and Futuna, and 12 for French nationals abroad; members indirectly elected by departmental electoral colleges using absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for departments with 1-3 members, and proportional representation vote in departments with 4 or more members; members serve 6-year terms with one-half of the membership renewed every 3 years)
National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (577 seats - 556 for metropolitan France, 10 for overseas departments, and 11 for citizens abroad; members directly elected by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed to serve 5-year terms)" }, "elections": { - "text": "Senate - last held on 24 September 2023 (next to be held by 30 September 2026)
National Assembly - last held on 12 and 19 June 2022 (next to be held on 30 June 2027)" + "text": "Senate - last held on 24 September 2023 (next to be held by 30 September 2026)
National Assembly - last held on 12 and 19 June 2022 (next to be held on 30 June and 7 July 2024)" }, "election results": { "text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by political caucus (party or group of parties) LR 139, SER 69, UC 51, RDPI 21, CRCE 17, LIRT 17, EST 16, RDSE 14; composition - men 222, women 126, percentage women 36.2%.

National Assembly - percent of vote by party/coalition in the first round - ENS 25.8%, NUPES 25.7%, RN 18.7%, UDC 11.3%, other 18.5%; seats by party/coalition in the first round - NUPES 4, ENS 1; percent of vote in the second round - ENS 38.6%, NUPES 31.6%, RN 17.3%, UDC 7.3%, other 5.2%, seats by party/coalition in the second round - ENS 244, NUPES 127, RN 89, UDC 64, other 48; composition - men 362, women 215, percentage women 37.3%; total Parliament percentage women 36.9%" diff --git a/europe/gk.json b/europe/gk.json index 2026178c..e0991327 100644 --- a/europe/gk.json +++ b/europe/gk.json @@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Lieutenant-Governor Richard CRIPWELL (since 15 February 2022)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Chief Minister Peter FERBRACHE (since 16 October 2020); Bailiff Richard McMAHON (since 11 May 2020); note - the chief minister is the president of the Policy and Resources Committee and is the de facto head of government; the Policy and Resources Committee, elected by the States of Deliberation, functions as the executive; the 5 members all have equal voting rights" + "text": "Chief Minister Lyndon TROTT (since 13 December 2023)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "none" @@ -371,7 +371,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: Peter FERBRACHE (independent) elected president of the Policy and Resources Committee and chief minister: percent of States of Guernsey vote - 57.5%

2016: Gavin ST. PIER (independent) elected president of the Policy and Resources Committee and chief minister" - } + }, + "note": "note: the chief minister is the president of the Policy and Resources Committee and is the de facto head of government; the Policy and Resources Committee, elected by the States of Deliberation, functions as the executive; the 5 members all have equal voting rights" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/europe/ic.json b/europe/ic.json index 8c8300e9..30c5cfd5 100644 --- a/europe/ic.json +++ b/europe/ic.json @@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ "text": "President Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (since 1 August 2016)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister Bjarni BENEDIKTSSON (since 9 April 2024); note - Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR resigned on 5 April 2024 in order to be a candidate in the 1 June 2024 presidential election." + "text": "Prime Minister Bjarni BENEDIKTSSON (since 9 April 2024)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the prime minister" @@ -545,7 +545,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "2024:  Halla TOMASDOTTIR elected president; percent of vote - Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 34.1%, Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR (Left-Green Movement) 25.2%, Halla Hrund LOGADOTTIR (independent) 15.7%, Jon GNARR (Social Democratic Alliance) 10.1%, Baldur PORHALLSSON (independent) 8.4%, other 6.5%; note - TOMASDOTTIR will take office 1 August 2024

2020: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON reelected president; percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 92.2%, Gudmundur Franklin JONSSON (independent) 7.8%

2016: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON elected president; Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 39.1%, Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 27.9%, Andri Snær MAGNASON (Democracy Movement) 14.3%, David ODDSSON (independent) 13.7%, other 5%" - } + }, + "note": "note: Prime Minister Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR resigned on 5 April 2024 in order to be a candidate in the 1 June 2024 presidential election." }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/europe/it.json b/europe/it.json index 8cffe2fc..6e5675a3 100644 --- a/europe/it.json +++ b/europe/it.json @@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ "text": "President Sergio MATTARELLA (since 3 February 2015)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister Giorgia MELONI (since 22 October 2022); the prime minister's official title is President of the Council of Ministers; Deputy Prime Ministers Matteo SALVINI and Antonio TAIANI (since 22 October 2022); the deputy prime ministers' official titles are Vice Presidents of the Council of Ministers" + "text": "Prime Minister Giorgia MELONI (since 22 October 2022); the prime minister's official title is President of the Council of Ministers" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, known officially as the President of the Council of Ministers and locally as the Premier; nominated by the president; deputy prime ministers are known officially as Vice Presidents of the Council of Ministers" diff --git a/europe/je.json b/europe/je.json index f2e9e99f..f68a6287 100644 --- a/europe/je.json +++ b/europe/je.json @@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Lieutenant Governor Jerry KYD (since 8 October 2022)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Chief Minister Kristina MOORE (since 12 July 2022); Bailiff Timothy Le COCQ (since 17 October 2019)" + "text": "Chief Minister Lyndon FARNHAM (since 25 January 2024); Bailiff Timothy Le COCQ (since 17 October 2019)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers appointed individually by the states" diff --git a/europe/lh.json b/europe/lh.json index 59afba4e..9e6962d5 100644 --- a/europe/lh.json +++ b/europe/lh.json @@ -566,7 +566,7 @@ "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); first round of the election held on 12 May 204 (runoff to be held on 12 May 2024); prime minister appointed by the president, approved by Parliament" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2024: Gitanas NAUSEDA elected president in the first round; percent of vote -Gitanas NAUSEDA (independent) 44.5%, Ingrida SIMONYTE (independent) 20.0%, Ignas VEGELE 12.5%, Remigijus ZEMAITAITIS 9.3%, and Eduardas VAITKUS 7.4%

2019: Gitanas NAUSEDA elected president in second round; percent of vote - Gitanas NAUSEDA (independent) 66.7%, Ingrida SIMONYTE (independent) 33.3%

2014: Dalia GRYBAUSKAITE elected president; percent of vote - Dalia GRYBAUSKAITE (independent) 59.1%, Zigmantas BALCYTIS (Social Democratic Party) 40.9%" + "text": "
2024: Gitanas NAUSEDA elected president in the second round; percent of vote -Gitanas NAUSEDA (independent) 74.6%, Ingrida SIMONYTE (independent) 24.4%

2019: Gitanas NAUSEDA elected president in second round; percent of vote - Gitanas NAUSEDA (independent) 66.7%, Ingrida SIMONYTE (independent) 33.3%" } }, "Legislative branch": { diff --git a/europe/ls.json b/europe/ls.json index 6828a29c..b56bfe24 100644 --- a/europe/ls.json +++ b/europe/ls.json @@ -478,17 +478,18 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "Prince HANS-ADAM II (since 13 November 1989, assumed executive powers on 26 August 1984); Heir Apparent and Regent of Liechtenstein Prince ALOIS (son of the monarch, born 11 June 1968); note - on 15 August 2004, HANS-ADAM II transferred the official duties of the ruling prince to ALOIS, but Prince HANS-ADAM II retains status of chief of state" + "text": "Prince HANS-ADAM II (since 13 November 1989, assumed executive powers on 26 August 1984)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister Daniel RISCH; Deputy Prime Minister Sabine MONAUNI (both since 25 March 2021)" + "text": "Prime Minister Daniel RISCH (since 25 March 2021)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet elected by the Parliament, confirmed by the monarch" }, "elections/appointments": { "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party in Parliament usually appointed the head of government by the monarch, and the leader of the largest minority party in Parliament usually appointed the deputy head of government by the monarch if there is a coalition government" - } + }, + "note": "note: the prince's successor is Heir Apparent and Regent of Liechtenstein Prince ALOIS (son of the monarch, born 11 June 1968); on 15 August 2004, HANS-ADAM II transferred the official duties of the ruling prince to ALOIS, but Prince HANS-ADAM II retains status of chief of state" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/europe/lu.json b/europe/lu.json index dff75121..561ddee3 100644 --- a/europe/lu.json +++ b/europe/lu.json @@ -533,10 +533,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981)" + "text": "Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister Luc FRIEDEN (since 17 November 2023); Deputy Prime Minister Xavier BETTEL (since 17 November 2023)" + "text": "Prime Minister Luc FRIEDEN (since 17 November 2023)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister, appointed by the monarch" diff --git a/europe/mt.json b/europe/mt.json index 1022eb69..10d314d6 100644 --- a/europe/mt.json +++ b/europe/mt.json @@ -539,7 +539,7 @@ "text": "president indirectly elected by the House of Representatives for a single 5-year term; election last held on 27 March 2024 (next to be held by March 2029); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the president for a 5-year term; deputy prime minister appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister" }, "election results": { - "text": "2024:  Myriam SPITERI DEBONO elected president; House of representatives vote - unanimous

2020: Robert ABELA (PL) appointed prime minister

2019: George VELLA (PL) elected president; House of Representatives vote - unanimous" + "text": "2024:  Myriam SPITERI DEBONO (PL) elected president; House of Representatives vote - unanimous

2019: George VELLA (PL) elected president; House of Representatives vote - unanimous" } }, "Legislative branch": { diff --git a/europe/nl.json b/europe/nl.json index bd01dbab..b3c9dd96 100644 --- a/europe/nl.json +++ b/europe/nl.json @@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ "text": "many previous to adoption of the \"Basic Law of the Kingdom of the Netherlands\" on 24 August 1815; revised 8 times, the latest in 1983" }, "amendments": { - "text": "proposed as an Act of Parliament by or on behalf of the king or by the Second Chamber of the States General; the Second Chamber is dissolved after its first reading of the Act; passage requires a second reading by both the First Chamber and the newly elected Second Chamber, followed by at least two-thirds majority vote of both chambers, and ratification by the king; amended many times, last in 2018" + "text": "proposed as an Act of Parliament by or on behalf of the king or by the Second Chamber of the States General; the Second Chamber is dissolved after its first reading of the Act; passage requires a second reading by both the First Chamber and the newly elected Second Chamber, followed by at least two-thirds majority vote of both chambers, and ratification by the king; amended many times, last in 2023" } }, "Legal system": { @@ -560,17 +560,18 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "King WILLEM-ALEXANDER (since 30 April 2013); Heir Apparent Princess CATHARINA-AMALIA (daughter of King WILLEM-ALEXANDER, born 7 December 2003)" + "text": "King WILLEM-ALEXANDER (since 30 April 2013)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister Mark RUTTE (since 14 October 2010); Deputy Prime Ministers Sigrid KAAG and Wopke HOEKSTRA (since 10 January 2022), Carola SCHOUTEN (since 26 October 2017); note - Mark RUTTE's ruling coalition collapsed on 8 July 2023; he is serving as prime minister in a caretaker status until a new prime minister is named following the 22 November 2023 elections" + "text": "Prime Minister Mark RUTTE (since 14 October 2010)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch" }, "elections/appointments": { "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following Second Chamber elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch; deputy prime ministers are appointed by the monarch" - } + }, + "note": "note: Mark RUTTE's ruling coalition collapsed on 8 July 2023; he is serving as prime minister in a caretaker status until a new prime minister is named following the 22 November 2023 elections" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/europe/no.json b/europe/no.json index 211d6f54..782cef91 100644 --- a/europe/no.json +++ b/europe/no.json @@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ "text": "drafted spring 1814, adopted 16 May 1814, signed by Constituent Assembly 17 May 1814" }, "amendments": { - "text": "proposals submitted by members of Parliament or by the government within the first three years of Parliament's four-year term; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of a two-thirds quorum in the next elected Parliament; amended over 400 times, last in 2020" + "text": "proposals submitted by members of Parliament or by the government within the first three years of Parliament's four-year term; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of a two-thirds quorum in the next elected Parliament; amended over 400 times, last in 2023" } }, "Legal system": { @@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "King HARALD V (since 17 January 1991); Heir Apparent Crown Prince HAAKON MAGNUS (son of the monarch, born 20 July 1973)" + "text": "King HARALD V (since 17 January 1991)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Jonas Gahr STORE (since 14 October 2021)" @@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation from the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador Marc NATHANSON (since 16 June 2022)" + "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Sharon HUDSON-DEAN (since February 2024)" }, "embassy": { "text": "Morgedalsvegen 36, 0378 Oslo" @@ -629,7 +629,7 @@ "text": "[47] 22-56-27-51" }, "email address and website": { - "text": "
OsloACS@state.gov
https://no.usembassy.gov/" + "text": "
OsloACS@state.gov

https://no.usembassy.gov/" } }, "Flag description": { diff --git a/europe/ri.json b/europe/ri.json index 544a670b..d8bbc6c6 100644 --- a/europe/ri.json +++ b/europe/ri.json @@ -618,7 +618,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador Marko DJURIC (since 18 January 2021)" + "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Vladimir MARIC (since 30 April 2024)" }, "chancery": { "text": "1333 16th Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20036" diff --git a/europe/sp.json b/europe/sp.json index c684269f..6f4dae48 100644 --- a/europe/sp.json +++ b/europe/sp.json @@ -558,10 +558,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "King FELIPE VI (since 19 June 2014); Heir Apparent Princess LEONOR, Princess of Asturias (daughter of the monarch, born 31 October 2005)" + "text": "King FELIPE VI (since 19 June 2014)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President of the Government of Spain (prime minister-equivalent) Pedro SANCHEZ PEREZ-CASTEJON (since 2 June 2018); Vice President Nadia Maria CALVINO Santamaria (since 12 July 2021)" + "text": "President of the Government of Spain (prime minister-equivalent) Pedro SANCHEZ PEREZ-CASTEJON (since 2 June 2018)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers designated by the president" @@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ "text": "[34] (91) 587-2303" }, "email address and website": { - "text": "
askACS@state.gov
https://es.usembassy.gov/" + "text": "
askACS@state.gov

https://es.usembassy.gov/" }, "consulate(s) general": { "text": "Barcelona" diff --git a/europe/sv.json b/europe/sv.json index c2b448ba..1d97351c 100644 --- a/europe/sv.json +++ b/europe/sv.json @@ -176,10 +176,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "King HARALD V of Norway (since 17 January 1991); Heir Apparent Crown Prince Haakon MAGNUS (son of the king, born 20 July 1973)" + "text": "King HARALD V of Norway (since 17 January 1991)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Governor Lars FAUSE (since 24 June 2021); Assistant Governor Katharina Rise (since September 2023)" + "text": "Governor Lars FAUSE (since 24 June 2021)" }, "elections/appointments": { "text": "none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor and assistant governor responsible to the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice" diff --git a/europe/sw.json b/europe/sw.json index 480d2aeb..7a80121c 100644 --- a/europe/sw.json +++ b/europe/sw.json @@ -556,10 +556,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "King CARL XVI GUSTAF (since 15 September 1973); Heir Apparent Princess VICTORIA Ingrid Alice Desiree (daughter of the monarch, born 14 July 1977)" + "text": "King CARL XVI GUSTAF (since 15 September 1973)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister Ulf KRISTERSSON (since 18 October 2022); Deputy Prime Minister Ebba BUSCH (since 18 October 2022)" + "text": "Prime Minister Ulf KRISTERSSON (since 18 October 2022)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by the prime minister" diff --git a/europe/sz.json b/europe/sz.json index 56d3c427..0a16e350 100644 --- a/europe/sz.json +++ b/europe/sz.json @@ -550,10 +550,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President of the Swiss Confederation Viola AMHERD (since 1 January 2024); Vice President Karin KELLER-SUTTER (since 1 January 2024); note - the Federal Council, comprised of 7 federal councillors, constitutes the federal government of Switzerland; council members rotate the 1-year term of federal president" + "text": "President of the Swiss Confederation Viola AMHERD (since 1 January 2024)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President of the Swiss Confederation Viola AMHERD (since 1 January 2024); Vice President Karin KELLER-SUTTER (since 1 January 2024)" + "text": "President of the Swiss Confederation Viola AMHERD (since 1 January 2024)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Federal Council or Bundesrat (in German), Conseil Federal (in French), Consiglio Federale (in Italian) indirectly elected by the Federal Assembly for a 4-year term" @@ -563,7 +563,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "2023:  Viola AMHERD elected president for 2024; Federal Assembly vote - Viola AMHERD (The Center) 158 of 204; Karin Keller-Sutter (FDP.The Liberals) elected vice president for 2024; Federal Assembly vote - 138 of 196

2022:  Alain BERSET elected president for 2023; Federal Assembly vote - Alain BERSET (SP) 140 OF 181; Viola AMHERD elected vice president; Federal assembly vote - 207 of 223



 

" - } + }, + "note": "note: the Federal Council, comprised of 7 federal councillors, constitutes the federal government of Switzerland; council members rotate the 1-year term of federal president" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/europe/uk.json b/europe/uk.json index dd29ff40..05d49f8d 100644 --- a/europe/uk.json +++ b/europe/uk.json @@ -549,7 +549,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); Heir Apparent Prince WILLIAM (son of the king, born 21 June 1982); note - CHARLES succeeded his mother, Queen ELIZABETH II, after serving as Prince of Wales (heir apparent) for over 64 years - the longest such tenure in British history" + "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Rishi SUNAK (Conservative) (since 25 October 2022)" @@ -560,14 +560,14 @@ "elections/appointments": { "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually becomes the prime minister; election last held on 12 December 2019 (next to be held no later than 28 January 2025)" }, - "note": "note: in addition to serving as the UK head of state, the British sovereign is the constitutional monarch for 14 additional Commonwealth countries (these 15 states are each referred to as a Commonwealth realm)


" + "note": "note 1: in addition to serving as the UK head of state, the British sovereign is the constitutional monarch for 14 additional Commonwealth countries (these 15 states are each referred to as a Commonwealth realm)

note 2: King CHARLES succeeded his mother, Queen ELIZABETH II, after serving as Prince of Wales (heir apparent) for over 64 years - the longest such tenure in British history" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { "text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:
House of Lords (membership not fixed; as of December 2023, 784 lords were eligible to participate in the work of the House of Lords - 667 life peers, 91 hereditary peers, and 26 clergy; members are appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister and non-party political members recommended by the House of Lords Appointments Commission); note - House of Lords total does not include ineligible members or members on leave of absence
House of Commons (650 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority popular vote to serve 5-year terms unless the House is dissolved earlier)" }, "elections": { - "text": "House of Lords - no elections; note - in 1999, as provided by the House of Lords Act, elections were held in the House of Lords to determine the 92 hereditary peers who would remain; elections held only as vacancies in the hereditary peerage arise)
House of Commons - last held on 12 December 2019 (next to be held no later than 28 January 2025)" + "text": "House of Lords - no elections; note - in 1999, as provided by the House of Lords Act, elections were held in the House of Lords to determine the 92 hereditary peers who would remain; elections held only as vacancies in the hereditary peerage arise)
House of Commons - last held on 12 December 2019 (next to be held 4 July 2024)" }, "election results": { "text": "House of Lords - composition - men 556, women 228, percentage women 29%

House of Commons - percent of vote by party - Conservative 54.9%, Labor 30.8%, SNP 6.8%, Lib Dems 2.2%, DUP 1.2%, Sinn Fein 1.1%, Plaid Cymru .6%, other 2.5%; seats by party - Conservative 365, Labor 202, SNP 48, Lib Dems 11, DUP 8, Sinn Fein 7, Plaid Cymru 4, other 5; composition - men 424, women 226, percentage women 34.8%, total Parliament percentage women 31.6%" @@ -627,7 +627,7 @@ "text": "[44] (0) 20-7891-3845" }, "email address and website": { - "text": "SCSLondon@state.gov
https://uk.usembassy.gov/" + "text": "
SCSLondon@state.gov

https://uk.usembassy.gov/" }, "consulate(s) general": { "text": "Belfast, Edinburgh" diff --git a/europe/vt.json b/europe/vt.json index f17a4178..9b521fb9 100644 --- a/europe/vt.json +++ b/europe/vt.json @@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ }, "Constitution": { "history": { - "text": "previous 1929, 1963; latest promulgated November 2000, effective 22 February 2001 (Fundamental Law of Vatican City State, the main governing document of the Vatican's civil entities); the Roman Curia is the administrative apparatus – the departments and ministries – used by the pontiff in governing the church; note - Pope Francis in October 2013, instituted a 9-member Council of Cardinal Advisers to reform the Roman Curia to include writing a new constitution; in June 2018, Pope Francis approved the Council of Cardinals' first draft of the new apostolic constitution, Predicate Evangelium (Preach the Gospel); it became effective 5 June 2022, replacing Pastor Bonus, the previous governing document of the Roman Curia" + "text": "previous 1929, 2000; latest issued by Pope FRANCIS 13 May 2023, effective 7 June 2023 (Fundamental Law of Vatican City State, the main governing document of the Vatican's civil entities); the Roman Curia is the administrative apparatus – the departments and ministries – used by the pontiff in governing the church; note - Pope Francis in October 2013, instituted a 9-member Council of Cardinal Advisers to reform the Roman Curia to include writing a new constitution; in June 2018, Pope Francis approved the Council of Cardinals' first draft of the new apostolic constitution, Predicate Evangelium (Preach the Gospel); it became effective 5 June 2022, replacing Pastor Bonus, the previous governing document of the Roman Curia" }, "amendments": { "text": "note - although the Fundamental Law of Vatican City State makes no mention of amendments, Article Four (drafting laws), states that this legislative responsibility resides with the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State; draft legislation is submitted through the Secretariat of State and considered by the pope" @@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ "text": "Pope FRANCIS (since 13 March 2013)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President of the Pontifical Commission for the State of Vatican City and President of the Governorate of the Vatican City State is Fernando VERGEZ ALZAGA (since 1 October 2021)" + "text": "President of the Pontifical Commission for the State of Vatican City and President of the Governorate of the Vatican City State Fernando VERGEZ ALZAGA (since 1 October 2021)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Pontifical Commission for the State of Vatican City appointed by the pope" diff --git a/middle-east/aj.json b/middle-east/aj.json index 90dedf67..be6b8871 100644 --- a/middle-east/aj.json +++ b/middle-east/aj.json @@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Ilham ALIYEV (since 31 October 2003); First Vice President Mehriban ALIYEVA (since 21 February 2017)" + "text": "President Ilham ALIYEV (since 31 October 2003)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Ali ASADOV (since 8 October 2019)" diff --git a/middle-east/gg.json b/middle-east/gg.json index bd47e75f..16aff4e5 100644 --- a/middle-east/gg.json +++ b/middle-east/gg.json @@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ "text": "President Salome ZOURABICHVILI (since 16 December 2018)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister Irakli KOBAKHIDZE (since 8 February 2024); note - Irakli GARIBASHVILI resigned on 29 January 2024 to prepare for general elections in October 2024" + "text": "Prime Minister Irakli KOBAKHIDZE (since 8 February 2024)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet of Ministers" @@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ "election results": { "text": "2024: Irakli KOBAKHIDZE approved as prime minister by Parliamentary vote 84-10

2018: Salome ZOURABICHVILI elected president in second round; percent of vote in second round - Salome ZOURABICHVILI (independent, backed by Georgian Dream) 59.5%, Grigol VASHADZE (UNM) 40.5%; Irakli GARIBASHVILI approved as prime minister by Parliamentary vote 89-2; note-resigned on January 29, 2024" }, - "note": "2013: Giorgi MARGVELASHVILI elected president; Giorgi MARGVELASHVILI (Georgian Dream) 62.1%, David BAKRADZE (ENM) 21.7%, Nino BURJANADZE (DM-UG) 10.2%, other 6%" + "note": "note: Irakli GARIBASHVILI resigned on 29 January 2024 to prepare for general elections in October 2024" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/middle-east/ku.json b/middle-east/ku.json index 99afa0bb..f423f128 100644 --- a/middle-east/ku.json +++ b/middle-east/ku.json @@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ "text": "last held on 4 April 2024 (next to be held in 2028)" }, "election results": { - "text": "50 nonpartisan candidates, including 29 opposition candidates; composition - men 63, women 2, percent of women 3.1%" + "text": "50 nonpartisan candidates, including 29 opposition candidates; composition - men 63, women 2, percent women 3.1%" }, "note": "Note: on 10 May 2024, Amir Sheikh MISHAL al-Ahmad al-Sabah dissolves the National Assembly, and some powers held by the National Assembly are assumed by the government" }, diff --git a/middle-east/le.json b/middle-east/le.json index 94eb5f01..4359b160 100644 --- a/middle-east/le.json +++ b/middle-east/le.json @@ -482,7 +482,7 @@ } }, "Government type": { - "text": "parliamentary republic" + "text": "parliamentary democratic republic" }, "Capital": { "name": { @@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ "text": "Cabinet chosen by the prime minister in consultation with the president and Parliament" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by Parliament with two-thirds majority vote in the first round and if needed absolute majority vote in a second round for a 6-year term (eligible for non-consecutive terms); last held on 31 October 2016; prime minister appointed by the president in consultation with Parliament" + "text": "president indirectly elected by a qualified majority of two-thirds of Parliament members in the first round and if needed a two-thirds quorum of members by simple majority vote in a second round for a 6-year term (eligible for non-consecutive terms); last held on 31 October 2016; prime minister appointed by the president in consultation with Parliament" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: on 14 June 2023, Parliament failed in its twelfth attempt to elect a president; note - the Hezbollah bloc withdrew following the first round of voting and a second round was not possible since Parliament lacked the required 86-member quorum for a second round of voting

2016: Michel AWN elected president in second round; Parliament vote - Michel AWN (FPM) 83; the president was finally elected in its 46th attempt on 31 October 2016" diff --git a/middle-east/tu.json b/middle-east/tu.json index 0ac2f69e..ac53855b 100644 --- a/middle-east/tu.json +++ b/middle-east/tu.json @@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { - "text": "unicameral Grand National Assembly of Turkey or Turkey Buyuk Millet Meclisi (600 seats); members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote, with a 10% threshold required to win a seat; members serve 5-year terms)" + "text": "unicameral Grand National Assembly of Turkey or Turkey Buyuk Millet Meclisi (600 seats); members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote, with a 7% threshold required to win a seat; members serve 5-year terms)" }, "elections": { "text": "last held on 14 May 2023 (next to be held in 2028)" @@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Appointed Ambassador Sedat ÖNAL (since 24 April 2024)" + "text": "Ambassador Sedat ÖNAL (since 17 June 2024)" }, "chancery": { "text": "2525 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" diff --git a/north-america/mx.json b/north-america/mx.json index 67aef3e7..269f3a6f 100644 --- a/north-america/mx.json +++ b/north-america/mx.json @@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Andrés Manuel LÓPEZ OBRADOR (since 1 December 2018); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Andrés Manuel LÓPEZ OBRADOR (since 1 December 2018)" }, "head of government": { "text": "President Andrés Manuel LÓPEZ OBRADOR (since 1 December 2018)" @@ -619,7 +619,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Claudia SHEINBAUM Pardo elected president; percent of vote - Claudia SHEINBAUM Pardo (MORENA) 59.4%, Xóchitl GÁLVEZ Ruiz (PAN) 27.9%, Jorge Álvarez MÁYNEZ (MC) 10.4%, other 2.3%; note - official results pending; SHEINBAUM will take office 1 October 2024

2018: Andrés Manuel LÓPEZ OBRADOR elected president; percent of vote - Andrés Manuel LÓPEZ OBRADOR (MORENA) 53.2%, Ricardo ANAYA Cortés (PAN) 22.3%, José Antonio MEADE Kuribreña (PRI) 16.4%, Jaime RODRÍGUEZ Calderón 5.2% (independent), other 2.9%

2012: Enrique PEÑA NIETO elected president; percent of vote - Enrique PEÑA NIETO (PRI) 38.2%, Andrés Manuel LÓPEZ OBRADOR (PRD) 31.6%, Josefina Eugenia VÁZQUEZ Mota (PAN) 25.4%, other 4.8%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/north-america/us.json b/north-america/us.json index 71f4832f..dff0b23a 100644 --- a/north-america/us.json +++ b/north-america/us.json @@ -575,10 +575,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Joseph R. BIDEN, Jr. (since 20 January 2021); Vice President Kamala D. HARRIS (since 20 January 2021); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Joseph R. BIDEN, Jr. (since 20 January 2021)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Joseph R. BIDEN, Jr. (since 20 January 2021); Vice President Kamala D. HARRIS (since 20 January 2021)" + "text": "President Joseph R. BIDEN, Jr. (since 20 January 2021)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president, approved by the Senate" @@ -588,7 +588,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: Joseph R. BIDEN, Jr. elected president; electoral vote - Joseph R. BIDEN, Jr. (Democratic Party) 306, Donald J. TRUMP (Republican Party) 232; percent of direct popular vote - Joseph R. BIDEN Jr. 51.3%, Donald J. TRUMP 46.9%, other 1.8%

2016: Donald J. TRUMP elected president; electoral vote - Donald J. TRUMP (Republican Party) 304, Hillary D. CLINTON (Democratic Party) 227, other 7; percent of direct popular vote - Hillary D. CLINTON 48.2%, Donald J. TRUMP 46.1%, other 5.7%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/oceans/xo.json b/oceans/xo.json index 4e2cf949..be1eb421 100644 --- a/oceans/xo.json +++ b/oceans/xo.json @@ -112,9 +112,6 @@ "Transportation": { }, "Military and Security": { - "Military - note": { - "text": "according to the International Maritime Bureau, areas of high risk for piracy and armed robbery against ships in territorial waters of littoral states and offshore waters include the Gulf of Aden, along the east coast of Africa, the Bay of Bengal, and the Strait of Malacca; in addition, the Maritime Administration of the US Department of Transportation advises that regional conflict, military activity, and political tensions pose threats to commercial vessels in the Persian Gulf, Strait of Hormuz, Gulf of Oman, Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, Bab al Mandeb Strait, Red Sea, and Somali Basin (2023)" - } }, "Transnational Issues": { } diff --git a/oceans/zh.json b/oceans/zh.json index 0845149b..f81573b3 100644 --- a/oceans/zh.json +++ b/oceans/zh.json @@ -116,9 +116,6 @@ } }, "Military and Security": { - "Military - note": { - "text": "according to the International Maritime Bureau and the Maritime Administration of the US Department of Transportation, the risk of piracy and armed robbery of ships in the territorial and offshore waters of the Niger Delta and Gulf of Guinea off the western coast of Africa is high; some criminals/pirates have operated as far as 200 nm offshore (2023)" - } }, "Transnational Issues": { } diff --git a/oceans/zn.json b/oceans/zn.json index 9c164a6a..52d5d416 100644 --- a/oceans/zn.json +++ b/oceans/zn.json @@ -118,9 +118,6 @@ } }, "Military and Security": { - "Military - note": { - "text": "according to the International Maritime Bureau, the risk for piracy and armed robbery in the territorial waters of littoral states and offshore waters in the South China Sea is high, particularly the Singapore Straits and the Celebes and Sulu Seas between the Philippines and Malaysia (2023)" - } }, "Transnational Issues": { } diff --git a/south-america/ar.json b/south-america/ar.json index 77bbf432..c7028cf4 100644 --- a/south-america/ar.json +++ b/south-america/ar.json @@ -574,10 +574,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Javier Gerardo MILEI (since 10 December 2023); Vice President Victoria Eugenia VILLARRUEL (since 10 December 2023); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Javier Gerardo MILEI (since 10 December 2023)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Javier Gerardo MILEI (since 10 December 2023); Vice President Victoria Eugenia VILLARRUEL (since 10 December 2023)" + "text": "President Javier Gerardo MILEI (since 10 December 2023)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" @@ -619,7 +619,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Adrián Roberto NADOR (since 7 December 2023)" + "text": "Ambassador Gerardo WERTHEIN (since 17 June 2024)" }, "chancery": { "text": "1600 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009" diff --git a/south-america/br.json b/south-america/br.json index 5248e6dd..7d9f2744 100644 --- a/south-america/br.json +++ b/south-america/br.json @@ -594,10 +594,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Luiz Inácio LULA da Silva (since 1 January 2023); Vice President Geraldo José Rodrigues ALCKMIN Filho (since 1 January 2023); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Luiz Inácio LULA da Silva (since 1 January 2023)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Luiz Inácio LULA da Silva (since 1 January 2023); Vice President Geraldo José Rodrigues ALCKMIN Filho (since 1 January 2023)" + "text": "President Luiz Inácio LULA da Silva (since 1 January 2023)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" @@ -607,7 +607,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Luiz Inácio LULA da Silva elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Luiz Inácio LULA da Silva (PT) 48.4%, Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 43.2%, Simone Nassar TEBET (MDB) 4.2%, Ciro GOMES (PDT) 3%, other 1.2%; percent of vote in second round - Luiz Inácio LULA da Silva (PT) 50.9%, Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 49.1%

2018: Jair BOLSONARO elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 46%, Fernando HADDAD (PT) 29.3%, Ciro GOMEZ (PDT) 12.5%, Geraldo ALCKMIN (PSDB) 4.8%, other 7.4%; percent of vote in second round - Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 55.1%, Fernando HADDAD (PT) 44.9%" - } + }, + "note": "note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/south-america/ci.json b/south-america/ci.json index 6341a199..3ad296d4 100644 --- a/south-america/ci.json +++ b/south-america/ci.json @@ -560,7 +560,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Gabriel BORIC (since 11 March 2022); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Gabriel BORIC (since 11 March 2022)" }, "head of government": { "text": "President Gabriel BORIC (since 11 March 2022)" @@ -573,7 +573,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Gabriel BORIC elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jose Antonio KAST (FSC) 27.9%; Gabriel BORIC (AD) 25.8%; Franco PARISI (PDG) 12.8%; Sebastian SICHEL (ChP+) 12.8%; Yasna PROVOSTE (New Social Pact) 11.6%; other 9.1%; percent of vote in second round - Gabriel BORIC 55.9%; Jose Antonio KAST 44.1%

2017: Sebastian PINERA Echenique elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Sebastian PINERA Echenique (independent) 36.6%; Alejandro GUILLIER (independent) 22.7%; Beatriz SANCHEZ (independent) 20.3%; Jose Antonio KAST (independent) 7.9%; Carolina GOIC (PDC) 5.9%; Marco ENRIQUEZ-OMINAMI (PRO) 5.7%; other 0.9%; percent of vote in second round - Sebastian PINERA Echenique 54.6%, Alejandro GUILLIER 45.4%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/south-america/co.json b/south-america/co.json index 45c1d471..85d94572 100644 --- a/south-america/co.json +++ b/south-america/co.json @@ -565,10 +565,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego (since 7 August 2022); Vice President Francia Elena MÁRQUEZ Mina (since 7 August 2022); the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego (since 7 August 2022)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego (since 7 August 2022); Vice President Francia Elena MÁRQUEZ Mina (since 7 August 2022)" + "text": "President Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego (since 7 August 2022)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" @@ -578,7 +578,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego (PHxC) 40.3%, Rodolfo HERNÁNDEZ Suárez (LIGA) 28.2%, Federico GUTIÉRREZ Zuluaga (Team for Colombia / CREEMOS) 23.9%, other 7.6%; percent of vote in second round - Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego 50.4%, Rodolfo HERNÁNDEZ Suarez 47.3%, blank 2.3%

2018: Iván DUQUE Márquez elected president in second round; percent of vote - Iván DUQUE Márquez (CD) 54%, Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego (Humane Colombia) 41.8%, other/blank/invalid 4.2%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { @@ -611,7 +612,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador-designate Daniel GARCIA PEÑA (since 21 May 2024)" + "text": "Appointed Ambassador Daniel GARCIA PEÑA (since 21 May 2024)" }, "chancery": { "text": "1724 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036" diff --git a/south-america/ec.json b/south-america/ec.json index 48092c3a..a7ba6b59 100644 --- a/south-america/ec.json +++ b/south-america/ec.json @@ -572,10 +572,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Daniel NOBOA Azin (since 23 November 2023); Vice President Verónica ABAD Rojas (since 23 November 2023); the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Daniel NOBOA Azin (since 23 November 2023)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Daniel NOBOA Azin (since 23 November 2023); Vice President Verónica ABAD Rojas (since 23 November 2023)" + "text": "President Daniel NOBOA Azin (since 23 November 2023)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" @@ -585,7 +585,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Daniel NOBOA Azin elected president; percent of vote in the second round - Luisa GONZÁLEZ Alcivar (MRC) 33.6%, Daniel NOBOA Azin (ADN) 23.5%, Christian Gustavo ZURITA Ron (Construye) 16.4%, Jan Tomislav TOPIĆ Feraud (Por Un País Sin Miedo) 14.7%, Otto Ramón SONNENHOLZNER Sper (Avanza) 7.1% other 4.7%; percent of vote in the second round - Daniel NOBOA Azin 51.8%, Luisa GONZÁLEZ Alcivar 48.2%

2021: Guillermo LASSO Mendoza elected president; percent of vote in the first round - Andres ARAUZ (UNES) 32.7%, Guillermo LASSO Mendoza (CREO) 19.7%, Yaku PEREZ Guartambel (MUPP) 19.4%, Xavier HERVAS Mora (ID) 15.7%, other 12.5%; percent of vote in the second round - Guillermo LASSO Mendoza (CREO) 52.5%, Andres ARAUZ (UNES) 47.5%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/south-america/gy.json b/south-america/gy.json index 731f3c1f..0f0b78eb 100644 --- a/south-america/gy.json +++ b/south-america/gy.json @@ -544,10 +544,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Mohammed Irfaan ALI (since 2 August 2020); First Vice President Mark PHILLIPS (since 2 August 2020); Vice President Bharrat JAGDEO (since 2 August 2020); Prime Minister Mark PHILLIPS (since 2 August 2020); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Mohammed Irfaan ALI (since 2 August 2020) " }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Mohammed Irfaan ALI (since 2 August 2020); First Vice President Mark PHILLIPS (since 2 August 2020); Vice President Bharrat JAGDEO (since 2 August 2020)" + "text": "President Mohammed Irfaan ALI (since 2 August 2020)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president, responsible to the National Assembly" @@ -557,7 +557,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: Mohammed Irfaan ALI (PPP/C) designated president by the majority party in the National Assembly

2015: David GRANGER (APNU-AFC) designated president by the majority party in the National Assembly" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/south-america/ns.json b/south-america/ns.json index 30bf4efd..49eb1de4 100644 --- a/south-america/ns.json +++ b/south-america/ns.json @@ -531,10 +531,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Chandrikapersad SANTOKHI (since 16 July 2020); Vice President Ronnie BRUNSWIJK (since 16 July 2020); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Chandrikapersad SANTOKHI (since 16 July 2020) " }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Chandrikapersad SANTOKHI (since 16 July 2020); Vice President Ronnie BRUNSWIJK (since 16 July 2020)" + "text": "President Chandrikapersad SANTOKHI (since 16 July 2020)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president" @@ -544,7 +544,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "2020: Chandrikapersad SANTOKHI elected president unopposed; National Assembly vote - NA" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/south-america/pa.json b/south-america/pa.json index 3dd21a1e..78fc0785 100644 --- a/south-america/pa.json +++ b/south-america/pa.json @@ -550,10 +550,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Santiago PEÑA Palacios (since 15 August 2023); Vice President Pedro Lorenzo ALLIANA Rodríguez (since 15 August 2023); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Santiago PEÑA Palacios (since 15 August 2023)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Santiago PEÑA Palacios (since 15 August 2023); Vice President Pedro Lorenzo ALLIANA Rodríguez (since 15 August 2023)" + "text": "President Santiago PEÑA Palacios (since 15 August 2023)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" @@ -563,7 +563,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Santiago PEÑA Palacios elected president; percent of vote - Santiago PEÑA Palacios (ANR) 43.9%, Efraín ALEGRE (PLRA) 28.3%, Paraguayo \"Payo\" CUBAS Colomés (PCN) 23.6%, other 4.2%

2018: Mario ABDO BENÍTEZ elected president; percent of vote - Mario ABDO BENÍTEZ (ANR) 49%, Efraín ALEGRE (PLRA) 45.1%, other 5.9%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/south-america/pe.json b/south-america/pe.json index a88678c3..7f90754e 100644 --- a/south-america/pe.json +++ b/south-america/pe.json @@ -591,10 +591,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Dina Ercilia BOLUARTE Zegarra (since 7 December 2022); first vice president (vacant); second vice president (vacant); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Dina Ercilia BOLUARTE Zegarra (since 7 December 2022) " }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Dina Ercilia BOLUARTE Zegarra (since 7 December 2022); first vice president (vacant); second vice president (vacant)" + "text": "President Dina Ercilia BOLUARTE Zegarra (since 7 December 2022)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" @@ -605,7 +605,7 @@ "election results": { "text": "
2021: Jose Pedro CASTILLO Terrones elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jose Pedro CASTILLO Terrones (PL) 18.9%, Keiko Sofia FUJIMORI Higuchi (FP) 13.4%, Rafael LOPEZ ALIAGA Cazorla (RP) 11.8%, Hernando DE SOTO Polar (Social Integration Party) 11.6%, Yonhy LESCANO Ancieta (AP) 9.1%, Veronika MENDOZA Frisch (JP) 7.9%, Cesar ACUNA Peralta (APP) 6%, George FORSYTH Sommer (VN) 5.7%, Daniel Belizario URRESTI Elera (PP) 5.6%, other 10%; percent of vote second round - Jose Pedro CASTILLO Terrones 50.1%, Keiko Sofia FUJIMORI Higuchi 49.9%

2016: Pedro Pablo KUCZYNSKI Godard elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Keiko FUJIMORI Higuchi (FP) 39.9%, Pedro Pablo KUCZYNSKI Godard (PPK) 21.1%, Veronika MENDOZA (FA) 18.7%, Alfredo BARNECHEA (AP) 7%, Alan GARCIA (APRA) 5.8%, other 7.5%; percent of vote in second round - Pedro Pablo KUCZYNSKI Godard 50.1%, Keiko FUJIMORI Higuchi 49.9%" }, - "note": "note 1: First Vice President Dina Ercilia BOLUARTE Zegarra assumed the office of the president on 7 December 2022 after President Jose Pedro CASTILLO Terrones was impeached and arrested; BOLUARTE is the first woman to become president of Peru

note 2: Prime Minister Gustavo ADRIANZÉN (since 6 March 2024) does not exercise executive power; this power rests with the president; on 5 March 2024, Prime Minister Alberto OTÁROLA resigned amid allegations of corruption" + "note": "note 1: First Vice President Dina Ercilia BOLUARTE Zegarra assumed the office of the president on 7 December 2022 after President Jose Pedro CASTILLO Terrones was impeached and arrested; BOLUARTE is the first woman to become president of Peru

note 2: Prime Minister Gustavo ADRIANZÉN (since 6 March 2024) does not exercise executive power; this power rests with the president; on 5 March 2024, Prime Minister Alberto OTÁROLA resigned amid allegations of corruption

note 3: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/south-america/uy.json b/south-america/uy.json index bddca55d..0779acf3 100644 --- a/south-america/uy.json +++ b/south-america/uy.json @@ -569,10 +569,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Luis Alberto LACALLE POU (since 1 March 2020); Vice President Beatriz ARGIMON Cedeira (since 1 March 2020); the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "President Luis Alberto LACALLE POU (since 1 March 2020)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Luis Alberto LACALLE POU (since 1 March 2020); Vice President Beatriz ARGIMON Cedeira (since 1 March 2020)" + "text": "President Luis Alberto LACALLE POU (since 1 March 2020)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president with approval of the General Assembly" @@ -582,7 +582,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2019: Luis Alberto LACALLE POU elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Daniel MARTINEZ (FA) 40.7%, Luis Alberto LACALLE POU (Blanco) 29.7%, Ernesto TALVI (Colorado Party) 12.8%, Guido MANINI RIOS (Open Cabildo) 11.3%, other 5.5%; percent of vote in second round - Luis Alberto LACALLE POU 50.6%, Daniel MARTINEZ 49.4%

2014: Tabare VAZQUEZ elected president in second round; percent of vote - Tabare VAZQUEZ (Socialist Party) 56.5%, Luis Alberto LACALLE Pou (Blanco) 43.4%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { diff --git a/south-america/ve.json b/south-america/ve.json index 9ace0ae0..840460c8 100644 --- a/south-america/ve.json +++ b/south-america/ve.json @@ -542,10 +542,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "Notification Statement: the United States does not recognize Nicolas MADURO Moros as president of Venezuela

President Nicolas MADURO Moros (since 19 April 2013); Executive Vice President Delcy RODRIGUEZ Gomez (since 14 June 2018); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "Notification Statement: the United States does not recognize Nicolas MADURO Moros as president of Venezuela

President Nicolas MADURO Moros (since 19 April 2013) " }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Nicolas MADURO Moros (since 19 April 2013); Executive Vice President Delcy RODRIGUEZ Gomez (since 14 June 2018)" + "text": "President Nicolas MADURO Moros (since 19 April 2013)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" @@ -555,7 +555,8 @@ }, "election results": { "text": "
2018: Nicolas MADURO Moros reelected president; percent of vote - Nicolas MADURO Moros (PSUV) 67.9%, Henri FALCON (AP) 20.9%, Javier BERTUCCI 10.8%; note - the election was reportedly marred by serious shortcomings and electoral fraud

2013: Nicolas MADURO Moros elected president; percent of vote - Nicolas MADURO Moros (PSUV) 50.6%, Henrique CAPRILES Radonski (PJ) 49.1%, other 0.3%" - } + }, + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "description": {