diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index f0ffdd1..410cc1c 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -8,4 +8,3 @@ __pycache__
 docs/
 infrastructure/
 nginx/
-scripts/
diff --git a/scripts/dograh-services.service b/scripts/dograh-services.service
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c02ccc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/dograh-services.service
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=Dograh Services
+After=network.target postgresql.service
+Wants=network-online.target
+
+[Service]
+Type=forking
+User=a
+Group=a
+WorkingDirectory=/home/a/dograh
+Environment="PATH=/opt/conda/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
+ExecStart=/home/a/dograh/scripts/start_services.sh
+ExecStop=/home/a/dograh/scripts/stop_services.sh
+TimeoutStopSec=30
+Restart=on-failure
+RestartSec=10
+StandardOutput=journal
+StandardError=journal
+
+[Install]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/scripts/format.sh b/scripts/format.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3423179
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/format.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#!/bin/sh -e
+set -euo pipefail
+
+ruff check api --select I --select F401 --fix
+ruff format api
diff --git a/scripts/lint.sh b/scripts/lint.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b87d68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/lint.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+set -e
+set -x
+
+mypy api
+ruff check api --check
+ruff format api --check
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/scripts/makemigrate.sh b/scripts/makemigrate.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba81621
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/makemigrate.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+set -e  # Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status
+
+# Set PYTHONPATH to the parent directory of the script's location
+export PYTHONPATH="$(dirname "$(dirname "$(dirname "$(realpath "$0")")")")"
+
+# Define color codes
+RED='\033[0;31m'
+NC='\033[0m' # No Color
+
+env_file="api/.env"
+
+# Check if environment file exists
+if [ ! -f "$env_file" ]; then
+    echo -e "${RED}Error: Environment file $env_file not found.${NC}"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Load environment variables
+export $(grep -v '^#' "$env_file" | xargs)
+
+# Prompt for the name of the migration
+read -p "Enter the migration name (minimum 5 characters): " migration_name
+
+# Check if the migration name is empty or less than 5 characters
+if [[ -z "$migration_name" || ${#migration_name} -lt 5 ]]; then
+  echo -e "${RED}Error: Migration name must be at least 5 characters long.${NC}"
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+# Generate the Alembic revision with the provided migration name
+alembic -c api/alembic.ini revision --autogenerate -m "$migration_name"
diff --git a/scripts/migrate.sh b/scripts/migrate.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6c83c74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/migrate.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+set -e  # Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status
+
+# Set PYTHONPATH to the parent directory of the script's location
+export PYTHONPATH="$(dirname "$(dirname "$(dirname "$(realpath "$0")")")")"
+
+# Define color codes
+RED='\033[0;31m'
+NC='\033[0m' # No Color
+
+env_file="api/.env"
+
+# Check if environment file exists
+if [ ! -f "$env_file" ]; then
+    echo -e "${RED}Error: Environment file $env_file not found.${NC}"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Load environment variables
+export $(grep -v '^#' "$env_file" | xargs)
+
+# Run migrations
+alembic -c api/alembic.ini upgrade head
+
+# Create initial data in DB
+# python api/initial_data.py
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/scripts/pre_commit.sh b/scripts/pre_commit.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..1e4301b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/pre_commit.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+###############################################################################
+# Ensure Ruff is installed (first try pipx, fall back to pip --user).
+###############################################################################
+if ! command -v ruff >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  echo "⇢ Ruff not found on PATH – installing…"
+  if command -v pipx >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    # install into an isolated environment if pipx is present
+    pipx install --quiet ruff
+  else
+    # otherwise install into the current (or user-level) Python environment
+    pip install --quiet --upgrade --user ruff
+  fi
+fi
+
+###############################################################################
+# 1 – Python formatting (calls Ruff + Black, etc.)
+###############################################################################
+sh scripts/format.sh
+
+###############################################################################
+# 2 – ESLint autofix inside the Next.js app
+###############################################################################
+(cd ui && npm run fix-lint)
+
+###############################################################################
+# 3 – Restage any files changed by the fixers so the commit includes them
+###############################################################################
+git add -u
diff --git a/scripts/rolling_update_uvicorn.sh b/scripts/rolling_update_uvicorn.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..e6b0100
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/rolling_update_uvicorn.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,450 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# rolling_update_uvicorn.sh — Zero-downtime rolling update for uvicorn workers
+#
+# Usage: ./rolling_update_uvicorn.sh <NEW_PORT>
+# Example: ./rolling_update_uvicorn.sh 8001
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# Check if running as root or with sudo
+if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
+   echo "This script must be run as root or with sudo" 
+   exit 1
+fi
+
+### CONFIGURATION #############################################################
+ENV_FILE="api/.env"
+RUN_DIR="run"
+LOG_ROOT="logs"
+HEALTH_CHECK_ENDPOINT="/api/v1/health"  # Adjust as needed
+MAX_WAIT_SECONDS=310  # Max wait for graceful shutdown (5 minutes + 10 seconds grace)
+
+# Load environment to get ENVIRONMENT variable
+set -a && . "$ENV_FILE" && set +a
+ENVIRONMENT="${ENVIRONMENT:-staging}"
+
+# Set nginx upstream config based on environment
+if [[ "$ENVIRONMENT" == "production" ]]; then
+    NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF="/etc/nginx/conf.d/dograh_production_upstream.conf"
+    UPSTREAM_NAME="dograh_production_backend"
+    echo "Rolling update for PRODUCTION environment"
+else
+    NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF="/etc/nginx/conf.d/dograh_staging_upstream.conf"
+    UPSTREAM_NAME="dograh_staging_backend"
+    echo "Rolling update for STAGING environment"
+fi
+
+### FUNCTIONS ##################################################################
+
+log_info() {
+    echo "[$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] INFO: $*"
+}
+
+log_error() {
+    echo "[$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] ERROR: $*" >&2
+}
+
+log_warning() {
+    echo "[$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] WARN: $*"
+}
+
+check_port_availability() {
+    local port=$1
+    if lsof -Pi :$port -sTCP:LISTEN -t >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        return 1  # Port is in use
+    fi
+    return 0  # Port is available
+}
+
+wait_for_health_check() {
+    local port=$1
+    local max_attempts=30
+    local attempt=0
+    
+    log_info "Waiting for new uvicorn workers to be healthy on port $port..."
+    
+    while [ $attempt -lt $max_attempts ]; do
+        if curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" "http://127.0.0.1:${port}${HEALTH_CHECK_ENDPOINT}" | grep -q "200"; then
+            log_info "Health check passed on port $port"
+            return 0
+        fi
+        attempt=$((attempt + 1))
+        log_info "Health check attempt $attempt/$max_attempts..."
+        sleep 1
+    done
+    
+    log_error "Health check failed after $max_attempts attempts"
+    return 1
+}
+
+get_old_uvicorn_pids() {
+    local pidfile="$RUN_DIR/uvicorn.pid"
+    local pids=""
+    
+    if [[ -f "$pidfile" ]]; then
+        # Read the main PID
+        local main_pid=$(<"$pidfile")
+        if kill -0 "$main_pid" 2>/dev/null; then
+            # Get all PIDs in the process group
+            pids=$(ps -o pid= -g $(ps -o pgid= -p "$main_pid" | tr -d ' ') 2>/dev/null || echo "$main_pid")
+        fi
+    fi
+    
+    echo "$pids"
+}
+
+graceful_shutdown_old_workers() {
+    local old_pids="$1"
+    
+    if [[ -z "$old_pids" ]]; then
+        log_warning "No old uvicorn workers found to shut down"
+        return 0
+    fi
+    
+    log_info "Starting graceful shutdown of old uvicorn workers (PIDs: $(echo $old_pids | tr '\n' ' '))"
+    
+    # Send SIGTERM to trigger graceful shutdown
+    for pid in $old_pids; do
+        if kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null; then
+            log_info "Sending SIGTERM to PID $pid"
+            kill -TERM "$pid" 2>/dev/null || true
+        fi
+    done
+    
+    # Wait for processes to exit gracefully
+    local start_time=$(date +%s)
+    local all_dead=false
+    
+    while [[ $(($(date +%s) - start_time)) -lt $MAX_WAIT_SECONDS ]]; do
+        all_dead=true
+        for pid in $old_pids; do
+            if kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null; then
+                all_dead=false
+                break
+            fi
+        done
+        
+        if $all_dead; then
+            log_info "All old workers shut down gracefully"
+            return 0
+        fi
+        
+        log_info "Waiting for workers to complete active requests... ($(( $(date +%s) - start_time ))s elapsed)"
+        sleep 5
+    done
+    
+    # Force kill if still running after timeout
+    log_warning "Timeout reached, force killing remaining workers"
+    for pid in $old_pids; do
+        if kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null; then
+            log_warning "Force killing PID $pid"
+            kill -KILL "$pid" 2>/dev/null || true
+        fi
+    done
+    
+    sleep 1
+    return 0
+}
+
+update_nginx_upstream() {
+    local new_port=$1
+    local old_port=$2
+    
+    log_info "Updating nginx upstream configuration for $ENVIRONMENT..."
+    
+    # Create or update the upstream configuration
+    cat > "${NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF}.tmp" <<EOF
+# Auto-generated by rolling_update_uvicorn.sh for $ENVIRONMENT
+# Last updated: $(date)
+upstream ${UPSTREAM_NAME} {
+    server 127.0.0.1:${new_port} max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
+}
+EOF
+    
+    # Atomic move (with sudo if needed)
+    if [[ $EUID -eq 0 ]]; then
+        mv "${NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF}.tmp" "${NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF}"
+    else
+        sudo mv "${NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF}.tmp" "${NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF}" 2>/dev/null || {
+            log_error "Could not update nginx config (need sudo). Run: sudo $0 $NEW_PORT"
+            return 1
+        }
+    fi
+    
+    # Test nginx configuration (with sudo if needed)
+    if nginx -t 2>/dev/null || sudo nginx -t 2>/dev/null; then
+        log_info "Nginx configuration test passed"
+        # Reload nginx to pick up new configuration (with sudo if needed)
+        if nginx -s reload 2>/dev/null || sudo nginx -s reload 2>/dev/null; then
+            log_info "Nginx reloaded successfully"
+        else
+            log_error "Could not reload nginx"
+            return 1
+        fi
+    else
+        log_error "Nginx configuration test failed, rolling back"
+        # Restore old configuration if possible
+        if [[ -n "$old_port" ]]; then
+            cat > "${NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF}.tmp" <<EOF
+upstream ${UPSTREAM_NAME} {
+    server 127.0.0.1:${old_port} max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
+}
+EOF
+            if [[ $EUID -eq 0 ]]; then
+                mv "${NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF}.tmp" "${NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF}"
+            else
+                sudo mv "${NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF}.tmp" "${NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF}" 2>/dev/null || true
+            fi
+            nginx -s reload 2>/dev/null || sudo nginx -s reload 2>/dev/null || true
+        fi
+        return 1
+    fi
+}
+
+start_new_uvicorn_workers() {
+    local new_port=$1
+    
+    log_info "Starting new uvicorn workers on port $new_port..."
+    
+    # Get configuration from environment
+    set -a && . "$ENV_FILE" && set +a
+    
+    if [[ -z "${FASTAPI_WORKERS:-}" ]]; then
+        log_error "FASTAPI_WORKERS environment variable is not set"
+        return 1
+    fi
+    
+    if [[ -z "${CONDA_ENV_NAME:-}" ]]; then
+        log_error "CONDA_ENV_NAME environment variable is not set"
+        return 1
+    fi
+    
+    # Source conda if not already available
+    if ! command -v conda &>/dev/null; then
+        source /opt/conda/etc/profile.d/conda.sh
+    fi
+    eval "$(conda shell.bash hook)"
+    conda activate "$CONDA_ENV_NAME"
+    
+    # Use the latest log directory (where start_services.sh put logs)
+    # Resolve the symlink to get the actual directory
+    local log_dir="$LOG_ROOT/latest"
+    if [[ -L "$log_dir" ]]; then
+        # It's a symlink, resolve it
+        log_dir=$(readlink -f "$log_dir")
+    fi
+    
+    if [[ ! -d "$log_dir" ]]; then
+        log_error "No latest log directory found. Run start_services.sh first."
+        return 1
+    fi
+    
+    # Export rotation settings
+    export LOG_ROTATION_SIZE="${LOG_ROTATION_SIZE:-100 MB}"
+    export LOG_RETENTION="${LOG_RETENTION:-7 days}"
+    export LOG_COMPRESSION="${LOG_COMPRESSION:-gz}"
+    
+    # Create unique log filename using timestamp and script PID to avoid conflicts
+    local script_pid=$$  # PID of this rolling_update script (for uniqueness)
+    local timestamp=$(date '+%H%M%S')
+    export LOG_FILE_PATH="$log_dir/uvicorn-rollover-${timestamp}-${script_pid}.log"
+    
+    log_info "Starting uvicorn with $FASTAPI_WORKERS workers on port $new_port"
+    log_info "Logs: $LOG_FILE_PATH"
+    
+    # If running as root, switch to original user for uvicorn process
+    if [[ $EUID -eq 0 ]] && [[ -n "${SUDO_USER:-}" ]]; then
+        log_info "Starting uvicorn as user: $SUDO_USER (not root)"
+        
+        # Run uvicorn as the original user, similar to start_services.sh
+        # Using setsid and passing LOG_FILE_PATH for loguru to pick up
+        sudo -u "$SUDO_USER" bash -c "
+            cd '$PWD'
+            export HOME='$(getent passwd $SUDO_USER | cut -d: -f6)'
+            export LOG_FILE_PATH='$LOG_FILE_PATH'
+            export LOG_ROTATION_SIZE='$LOG_ROTATION_SIZE'
+            export LOG_RETENTION='$LOG_RETENTION'
+            export LOG_COMPRESSION='$LOG_COMPRESSION'
+            set -a && source '$ENV_FILE' && set +a
+            source /opt/conda/etc/profile.d/conda.sh
+            conda activate '$CONDA_ENV_NAME'
+            setsid nohup bash -c \"LOG_FILE_PATH='$LOG_FILE_PATH' uvicorn api.app:app --host 0.0.0.0 --port $new_port --workers $FASTAPI_WORKERS\" >/dev/null 2>&1 &
+            echo \$! > '$RUN_DIR/uvicorn_new.pid'
+        "
+        # Read the PID that was written
+        local new_pid=$(<"$RUN_DIR/uvicorn_new.pid")
+    else
+        # Start in new process group with setsid (same as start_services.sh)
+        # Each service gets its own LOG_FILE_PATH environment variable
+        setsid nohup bash -c "LOG_FILE_PATH='$LOG_FILE_PATH' uvicorn api.app:app --host 0.0.0.0 --port $new_port --workers $FASTAPI_WORKERS" >/dev/null 2>&1 &
+        
+        local new_pid=$!
+        echo "$new_pid" > "$RUN_DIR/uvicorn_new.pid"
+    fi
+    
+    # Save port information
+    echo "$new_port" > "$RUN_DIR/uvicorn_new.port"
+    
+    log_info "New uvicorn started with PID $new_pid"
+    
+    # Wait a bit for startup
+    sleep 5
+    
+    # Check if process is still running
+    if ! kill -0 "$new_pid" 2>/dev/null; then
+        log_error "New uvicorn process died immediately"
+        return 1
+    fi
+    
+    return 0
+}
+
+finalize_rollover() {
+    log_info "Finalizing rollover..."
+    
+    # Move new PID file to main PID file
+    if [[ -f "$RUN_DIR/uvicorn_new.pid" ]]; then
+        mv "$RUN_DIR/uvicorn_new.pid" "$RUN_DIR/uvicorn.pid"
+    fi
+    
+    # Store the new port for reference
+    if [[ -f "$RUN_DIR/uvicorn_new.port" ]]; then
+        mv "$RUN_DIR/uvicorn_new.port" "$RUN_DIR/uvicorn.port"
+    fi
+    
+    # Clean up old PID file if it exists
+    rm -f "$RUN_DIR/uvicorn_old.pid"
+    
+    log_info "Rollover completed successfully"
+}
+
+rollback() {
+    local old_port=$1
+    local new_pid=$2
+    
+    log_error "Rolling back due to failure..."
+    
+    # Kill new workers if they exist
+    if [[ -n "$new_pid" ]] && kill -0 "$new_pid" 2>/dev/null; then
+        log_info "Killing new uvicorn workers (PID: $new_pid)"
+        kill -KILL -"$new_pid" 2>/dev/null || kill -KILL "$new_pid" 2>/dev/null || true
+    fi
+    
+    # Clean up temporary files
+    rm -f "$RUN_DIR/uvicorn_new.pid" "$RUN_DIR/uvicorn_new.port"
+    
+    # Restore nginx configuration if old port is known
+    if [[ -n "$old_port" ]]; then
+        update_nginx_upstream "$old_port" ""
+    fi
+    
+    log_error "Rollback completed"
+}
+
+### MAIN LOGIC ################################################################
+
+# Check arguments
+if [[ $# -ne 1 ]]; then
+    echo "Usage: $0 <NEW_PORT>"
+    echo "Example: $0 8001"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+NEW_PORT=$1
+
+# Check nginx permissions early and exit if we can't update nginx
+if [[ ! -w $(dirname "$NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF") ]] && [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
+    if ! sudo -n true 2>/dev/null; then
+        log_error "This script needs sudo access to update nginx configuration"
+        log_error "Cannot proceed without nginx update permissions"
+        echo ""
+        echo "Please run with sudo:"
+        echo "  sudo $0 $NEW_PORT"
+        echo ""
+        exit 1
+    fi
+fi
+
+# Validate port number
+if ! [[ "$NEW_PORT" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] || [ "$NEW_PORT" -lt 1 ] || [ "$NEW_PORT" -gt 65535 ]; then
+    log_error "Invalid port number: $NEW_PORT"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Check if port is available
+if ! check_port_availability "$NEW_PORT"; then
+    log_error "Port $NEW_PORT is already in use"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Get old port from file or environment
+OLD_PORT=""
+if [[ -f "$RUN_DIR/uvicorn.port" ]]; then
+    OLD_PORT=$(<"$RUN_DIR/uvicorn.port")
+elif [[ -f "$ENV_FILE" ]]; then
+    set -a && . "$ENV_FILE" && set +a
+    OLD_PORT="${FASTAPI_PORT:-}"
+fi
+
+if [[ "$NEW_PORT" == "$OLD_PORT" ]]; then
+    log_error "New port is the same as old port ($NEW_PORT)"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+log_info "Starting rolling update from port ${OLD_PORT:-unknown} to port $NEW_PORT"
+
+# Create run directory if it doesn't exist
+mkdir -p "$RUN_DIR"
+
+# Get old uvicorn PIDs before starting new ones
+OLD_PIDS=$(get_old_uvicorn_pids)
+if [[ -n "$OLD_PIDS" ]]; then
+    # Save old PIDs for potential rollback
+    echo "$OLD_PIDS" > "$RUN_DIR/uvicorn_old.pid"
+    log_info "Found old uvicorn workers: $(echo $OLD_PIDS | tr '\n' ' ')"
+else
+    log_warning "No existing uvicorn workers found"
+fi
+
+# Start new uvicorn workers
+if ! start_new_uvicorn_workers "$NEW_PORT"; then
+    log_error "Failed to start new uvicorn workers"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+NEW_PID=$(<"$RUN_DIR/uvicorn_new.pid")
+
+# Wait for new workers to be healthy
+if ! wait_for_health_check "$NEW_PORT"; then
+    log_error "New workers failed health check"
+    rollback "$OLD_PORT" "$NEW_PID"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Update nginx to point to new workers
+if ! update_nginx_upstream "$NEW_PORT" "$OLD_PORT"; then
+    log_error "Failed to update nginx configuration"
+    rollback "$OLD_PORT" "$NEW_PID"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Give nginx some time to start routing to new workers
+log_info "Waiting for nginx to stabilize..."
+sleep 5
+
+# Gracefully shutdown old workers
+if [[ -n "$OLD_PIDS" ]]; then
+    graceful_shutdown_old_workers "$OLD_PIDS"
+fi
+
+# Finalize the rollover
+finalize_rollover
+
+# Summary
+echo "──────────────────────────────────────────────────"
+echo "✓ Rolling update completed successfully"
+echo "  Old port: ${OLD_PORT:-none}"
+echo "  New port: $NEW_PORT"
+echo "  New PID: $NEW_PID"
+echo "  Logs: $LOG_ROOT/latest/"
+echo "──────────────────────────────────────────────────"
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/scripts/start_services.sh b/scripts/start_services.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..ed36ad1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/start_services.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# restart_services.sh — safer, simplified
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+### CONFIGURATION #############################################################
+ENV_FILE="api/.env"
+RUN_DIR="run"                 # where we keep *.pid
+LOG_ROOT="logs"
+
+### 1) Load environment vars so that configurations like FASTAPI_WORKERS are loaded #
+set -a && . "$ENV_FILE" && set +a
+
+# Get ENVIRONMENT for nginx config selection
+ENVIRONMENT="${ENVIRONMENT:-staging}"
+
+if [[ -z "${FASTAPI_PORT:-}" ]]; then
+  echo "Error: FASTAPI_PORT environment variable is not set."
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+if [[ -z "${FASTAPI_WORKERS:-}" ]]; then
+  echo "Error: FASTAPI_WORKERS environment variable is not set."
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+if [[ -z "${CONDA_ENV_NAME:-}" ]]; then
+  echo "Error: CONDA_ENV_NAME environment variable is not set."
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+# Default ARQ_WORKERS to 1 if not set
+ARQ_WORKERS=${ARQ_WORKERS:-1}
+
+# map "service name" → "command to run"
+declare -A SERVICES=(
+  [ari_manager]="python -m api.services.telephony.ari_manager"
+  [campaign_orchestrator]="python -m api.services.campaign.campaign_orchestrator"
+  [uvicorn]="uvicorn api.app:app --host 0.0.0.0 --port $FASTAPI_PORT --workers $FASTAPI_WORKERS"
+)
+
+# Add ARQ workers dynamically based on ARQ_WORKERS environment variable
+for ((i=1; i<=ARQ_WORKERS; i++)); do
+  SERVICES[arq$i]="python -m arq api.tasks.arq.WorkerSettings --custom-log-dict api.tasks.arq.LOG_CONFIG"
+done
+
+### 2) Activate conda #########################################################
+# Source conda if not already available (needed when running from systemd)
+if ! command -v conda &>/dev/null; then
+  source /opt/conda/etc/profile.d/conda.sh
+fi
+eval "$(conda shell.bash hook)"
+conda activate "$CONDA_ENV_NAME"
+
+### 3) Stop old services (only via PID files) #################################
+mkdir -p "$RUN_DIR"
+for name in "${!SERVICES[@]}"; do
+  pidfile="$RUN_DIR/$name.pid"
+  if [[ -f $pidfile ]]; then
+    oldpid=$(<"$pidfile")
+    if kill -0 "$oldpid" 2>/dev/null; then
+      echo "Stopping $name (PID $oldpid and its process group)…"
+      # Kill the entire process group (negative PID)
+      # First try SIGTERM
+      kill -TERM -"$oldpid" 2>/dev/null || kill -TERM "$oldpid" 2>/dev/null || true
+      sleep 4
+      # If still running, use SIGKILL
+      if kill -0 "$oldpid" 2>/dev/null; then
+        echo "⚠️  $name did not exit cleanly, forcing stop..."
+        kill -KILL -"$oldpid" 2>/dev/null || kill -KILL "$oldpid" 2>/dev/null || true
+        sleep 1
+      fi
+    fi
+    rm -f "$pidfile"
+  else
+    echo "No PID file for $name, skipping stop."
+  fi
+done
+
+# Clean up any port tracking files for uvicorn
+rm -f "$RUN_DIR/uvicorn.port" "$RUN_DIR/uvicorn_new.port" "$RUN_DIR/uvicorn_old.pid"
+
+
+### 4) Run migrations #########################################################
+alembic -c api/alembic.ini upgrade head
+
+### 5) Prepare logs ###########################################################
+timestamp=$(date '+%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S')
+LOG_DIR="$LOG_ROOT/$timestamp"
+mkdir -p "$LOG_DIR"
+# Create relative symlink
+cd "$LOG_ROOT" && ln -sfn "$timestamp" latest && cd - >/dev/null
+
+### 6) (Optional) Free FastAPI port ###########################################
+FASTAPI_PORT=$FASTAPI_PORT
+if command -v lsof &>/dev/null; then
+  lsof -ti tcp:"$FASTAPI_PORT" | xargs -r kill -9 || true
+fi
+
+### 7) Start services #########################################################
+# Export rotation settings for loguru (if using file logging)
+export LOG_ROTATION_SIZE="${LOG_ROTATION_SIZE:-100 MB}"
+export LOG_RETENTION="${LOG_RETENTION:-7 days}"
+export LOG_COMPRESSION="${LOG_COMPRESSION:-gz}"
+
+for name in "${!SERVICES[@]}"; do
+  cmd=${SERVICES[$name]}
+  echo "→ Starting $name with loguru rotation…"
+  
+  # Export LOG_FILE_PATH for this specific service
+  export LOG_FILE_PATH="$LOG_DIR/$name.log"
+  
+  # Start in new process group with setsid
+  # Each service gets its own LOG_FILE_PATH environment variable
+  setsid nohup bash -c "LOG_FILE_PATH='$LOG_DIR/$name.log' $cmd" >/dev/null 2>&1 &
+  
+  # Get the PID of the setsid process
+  pid=$!
+  echo $pid >"$RUN_DIR/$name.pid"
+  
+  # For uvicorn, also save the port for rolling updates and update nginx
+  if [[ "$name" == "uvicorn" ]]; then
+    echo "$FASTAPI_PORT" >"$RUN_DIR/uvicorn.port"
+    
+    # Update nginx upstream configuration if nginx is installed
+    if command -v nginx &>/dev/null && [[ -d /etc/nginx ]]; then
+      # Determine which upstream config to update based on ENVIRONMENT
+      if [[ "${ENVIRONMENT:-}" == "production" ]]; then
+        NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF="/etc/nginx/conf.d/dograh_production_upstream.conf"
+        UPSTREAM_NAME="dograh_production_backend"
+        echo "→ Updating PRODUCTION nginx upstream to port $FASTAPI_PORT…"
+      else
+        # Default to staging for any non-production environment
+        NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF="/etc/nginx/conf.d/dograh_staging_upstream.conf"
+        UPSTREAM_NAME="dograh_staging_backend"
+        echo "→ Updating STAGING nginx upstream to port $FASTAPI_PORT…"
+      fi
+      
+      if [[ -w $(dirname "$NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF") ]] || [[ $EUID -eq 0 ]]; then
+        cat > "${NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF}.tmp" <<EOF
+# Auto-generated by start_services.sh for ${ENVIRONMENT:-staging}
+# Last updated: $(date)
+upstream ${UPSTREAM_NAME} {
+    server 127.0.0.1:${FASTAPI_PORT} max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
+}
+EOF
+        # Atomic move (may need sudo)
+        if [[ $EUID -eq 0 ]]; then
+          mv "${NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF}.tmp" "${NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF}"
+        else
+          sudo mv "${NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF}.tmp" "${NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF}" 2>/dev/null || \
+            echo "⚠️  Could not update nginx config (need sudo). Run: sudo $0"
+        fi
+        
+        # Test and reload nginx if config was updated
+        if [[ -f "$NGINX_UPSTREAM_CONF" ]]; then
+          if nginx -t 2>/dev/null || sudo nginx -t 2>/dev/null; then
+            echo "→ Reloading nginx…"
+            nginx -s reload 2>/dev/null || sudo nginx -s reload 2>/dev/null || \
+              echo "⚠️  Could not reload nginx (may need sudo)"
+          else
+            echo "⚠️  Nginx configuration test failed"
+          fi
+        fi
+      else
+        echo "⚠️  Cannot write to nginx config directory (need sudo privileges)"
+        echo "   Run: sudo $0 to update nginx configuration"
+      fi
+    fi
+  fi
+done
+disown -a
+
+### 8) Summary #################################################################
+echo
+echo "──────────────────────────────────────────────────"
+for name in "${!SERVICES[@]}"; do
+  pid=$(<"$RUN_DIR/$name.pid")
+  echo "✓ $name (PID $pid) → $LOG_DIR/$name.log"
+done
+echo "  Rotation: ${LOG_ROTATION_SIZE:-100 MB}"
+echo "  Retention: ${LOG_RETENTION:-7 days}"
+echo "  Compression: ${LOG_COMPRESSION:-gz}"
+echo "Logs: tail -f $LOG_DIR/*.log"
+echo "Rotated logs: ls $LOG_DIR/*.log.*"
+echo "To stop: run this script again or kill -TERM -<PID> for process groups"
+echo "──────────────────────────────────────────────────"