Context: Double bass |  jazz recording Kind of Blue) and many other 1950s and 1960s rhythm sections, was known for his virtuosic improvisations. The experimental post 1960s era, and free jazz and jazz-rock fusion, produced several influential bassists. Charles Mingus (1922–1979), who was also a composer and bandleader, produced music that fused hard bop with black gospel music, free jazz, and classical music. Free jazz and post-bop bassist Charlie Haden (1937–2014) is best known for his long association with saxophonist Ornette Coleman, and for his role in the 1970s-era Liberation Music Orchestra, an experimental group. Eddie Gómez and George Mraz, who played with Bill Evans and Oscar Peterson, respectively, and are both acknowledged to have furthered expectations

Prompt: Ornette Coleman, Louis Armstrong and Charles Mingus are associated with what style of music?

Answer: Jazz Music History


Context: Carnation Revolution |  The Carnation Revolution (Revolução dos Cravos), also known as the 25 April (25 de Abril), was a military coup on 25 April 1974 in Lisbon that overthrew the authoritarian Estado Novo regime, producing fundamental social, economic, territorial, demographic and political changes through the Processo Revolucionário Em Curso, resulting in the Portuguese transition to democracy and the end of the Portuguese Colonial War. The revolution began as a coup organised by the Armed Forces Movement (Movimento das Forças Armadas, MFA), composed of military officers who opposed the regime, but it was soon coupled with an unanticipated, popular civil resistance campaign. Negotiations with African independence movements began, and by the end of 1974, Portuguese troops were withdrawn from Portuguese Guinea, which became a UN member state. This was followed in

Prompt: Why was the 1974 revolution in Portugal called the Carnation Revolution?

Answer: No shots were fired and at the end people filled the rifle muzzles with carnations


Context: Mink | " Mink are dark-colored, semiaquatic, carnivorous mammals of the genera Neogale and Mustela and part of the family Mustelidae, which also includes weasels, otters, and ferrets. There are two extant species referred to as ""mink"": the American mink and the European mink. The extinct sea mink is related to the American mink but was much larger. The American mink's fur has been highly prized for use in clothing. Their treatment on fur farms has been a focus of animal rights and animal welfare activism. American mink have established populations in Europe (including Great Britain and Denmark) and South America. Some people believe this happened after the animals were released from mink "

Prompt: Which semi-aquatic carnivorous mammal of the weasel family has only two living species: the American and the European?

Answer: Mustela vison evergladensis


Context: Rosetta Stone |  British Museum almost continuously since 1802 and is the most visited object there. Study of the decree was already underway when the first complete translation of the Greek text was published in 1803. Jean-François Champollion announced the transliteration of the Egyptian scripts in Paris in 1822; it took longer still before scholars were able to read Ancient Egyptian inscriptions and literature confidently. Major advances in the decoding were recognition that the stone offered three versions of the same text (1799); that the demotic text used phonetic characters to spell foreign names (1802); that the hieroglyphic text did so as well, and had pervasive similarities to the demotic

Prompt: "What year did Jean-Francois Champollion publish the first correct translation of Egyptian hieroglyphs from the Rosetta Stone, the Roman Catholic Church take Galileo Galilei's ""Dialogue"" off their list of banned books, and Britain repeal the death penalty for over 100 crimes?"

Answer: one thousand, eight hundred and twenty-two


Context: Jean Batten |  Australia. In doing so she became the first woman to fly solo from England to Australia and back again. In November 1935, she set the absolute record of 61 hours, 15 minutes, for flying from England to Brazil. In the course of this endeavour, made in a Percival Gull Six monoplane, she completed the fastest crossing of the South Atlantic Ocean and was the first woman to make the England–South America flight. The pinnacle of her flying achievements was completed in October 1936, when she flew her Gull to New Zealand from England, covering the distance in a little over 11 days, an absolute record which would stand for 44 years. The following year she made her last major flight, flying from Australia to England to set a new solo record. During

Prompt: Who was the first woman to fly solo from England to Australia?

Answer: Amy Johnston


Context: Progressive Party (United States, 1912) | " The Progressive Party (often referred to as the ""Bull Moose Party"") was a third party in the United States formed in 1912 by former president Theodore Roosevelt after he lost the presidential nomination of the Republican Party to his former protégé and conservative rival, incumbent president William Howard Taft. The new party was known for taking advanced positions on progressive and populist reforms and attracting leading national reformers. After the party's defeat in the 1912 presidential election, it went into rapid decline in elections until 1918, disappearing by 1920. The Progressive Party was popularly nicknamed the ""Bull Moose Party"" when Roosevelt boasted that he felt ""strong as a "

Prompt: In the USA in 1912, Theodore Roosevelt formed the Progressive Party when he lost the Republican nomination to William Howard Taft. What was the party also known as?

Answer: Progressive Party 1912 (United States)


Context: Scotch whisky |  Single grain whisky is made with water and malted barley but the distillery then adds other grains or cereals, wheat, corn, or rye, for example. From that moment on, it can no longer be called single malt. This type of product must be from a single distillery and is often used in making blended Scotch. Single grain whiskies are usually not distilled in pot stills but with column stills.

Prompt: What cereal crop is used to make single malt whisky in Scotland?

Answer: Hordeum sativum


Context: Trial of Catalonia independence leaders |  Catalonia is an autonomous community in Spain, with the capital in Barcelona. As the County of Barcelona, it joined the Crown of Aragon in the 12th century. The whole of the Crown of Aragon united at the end of the 15th century with the Crown of Castile. Today, Catalonia is part of modern Spain. The inhabitants of the region are mostly bilingual in Spanish and in Catalan, and have a distinct linguistic, cultural and historical heritage. Despite belonging to Spain, throughout the history of the region, separatist movements have existed at various moments in the past. On 9 November 2014, a non-binding 2014 Catalan self-determination referendum was held. After the Spanish Government refused to allow a binding referendum, pro-independence parties called for the 2015 Catalan

Prompt: The region of Catalonia is part of which country?

Answer: Islands of Spain


Context: Fiji |  In 2000, a coup was instigated by George Speight, which effectively toppled the government of Mahendra Chaudhry, who in 1997 had become the country's first Indo-Fijian Prime Minister following the adoption of the new constitution. Commodore Frank Bainimarama assumed executive power after the resignation, possibly forced, of President Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara. Later in 2000, Fiji was rocked by two mutinies when rebel soldiers went on a rampage at Suva's Queen Elizabeth Barracks. The High Court ordered the reinstatement of the constitution, and in September 2001, to restore democracy, a general election was held which was won by interim Prime Minister Laisenia

Prompt: Between 1987 and 2006, Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, Commodore Frank Bainimarama, Mahendra Chaudhry, Laisenia Qarase, Lieutenant Colonel Sitiveni Rabuka, George Speight and Ratu Josefa Iloilo were involved in the politics of which country?

Answer: Fiji Islands


Context: Schooner (glass) | " In Canada, a ""schooner"" refers to a large capacity beer glass. Unlike the Australian schooner, which is smaller than a pint, a Canadian schooner is larger. Although not standardised, the most common size of schooner served in Canadian bars is 32 USfloz. It is commonly a tankard-shaped glass (dimpled mug shape with handle), rather than a traditional pint glass. It shouldn't be confused with Schooner Lager, which is a regional brand of beer found only in the eastern maritime provinces of Canada."

Prompt: Schooner, midi, or handle are terms applied to what?

Answer: A mug of beer


Context: Islamic dietary laws |  Ramadan, the ninth month on the Muslim calendar, is considered the holy month of fasting. Ramadan begins and ends with the appearance of the new moon. During the month of Ramadan, God delivered the Quran to the prophet Muhammad as guidance for the people. During Ramadan, Muslims take time for introspection, prayer, and reading of the Quran. For those who observe Ramadan with fasting, prayer, and faithful intention; God forgives their past sins. During this period, Muslims focus on self restraint or sawm (Arabic: to refrain) which is one of the five pillars of Islam. Ramadan emphasizes sawm, when worshippers have to abstain from food, drink, sexual activity, and immoral behavior between dawn and dusk. After dusk, Muslims break their fast during a meal called iftar with family and friends. Sawm can be negated by breaking fast, however, the lost can be made up with one extra day of fasting. The end of the Ramadan fast is the celebration of Eid-al-Fitr (Feast of Fast-Breaking), one of the two major religious holidays on the Muslim calendar.

Prompt: What is the ninth month of the Muslim year, a period of fasting during which there is strict abstinence during daylight from food, drink and perfume?

Answer: Ramazaan


Context: The Book of the Law | " the year 1904. Crowley says that the author was an entity named Aiwass, whom he later referred to as his personal Holy Guardian Angel. Biographer Lawrence Sutin quotes private diaries that fit this story and writes that ""if ever Crowley uttered the truth of his relation to the Book,"" his public account accurately describes what he remembered on this point. Crowley himself wrote ""Certain very serious questions have arisen with regard to the method by which this Book was obtained. I do not refer to those doubts—real or pretended—which hostility engenders, for all such are dispelled by study of the text; no forger could have prepared so complex a set of numerical and literal puzzles[...]"" The book is often referred to simply as Liber AL, Liber Legis or just AL, though technically the latter two refer only to the manuscript."

Prompt: "Who (although he claims that the author was an entity named Aiwass, his personal Holy Guardian Angel or ""Higher Self"") is credited with writing ""Liber AL vel Legis"", the central sacred text of Thelema, commonly referred to as The Book of the Law, in 1904?"

Answer: Aleister Crowly


Context: British philosophy |  Francis Bacon (1561–1626) was an Englishman who was a statesman, scientist, lawyer, jurist and author in addition to being a philosopher. He famously died of pneumonia contracted while studying the effects of freezing on the preservation of meat. He served both as Attorney General and Lord Chancellor of England. Although his political career ended in disgrace, he remained extremely influential through his works, especially as philosophical advocate and practitioner of the scientific method and pioneer in the scientific revolution. Bacon has been called the father of empiricism. His works established and popularized deductive methodologies for scientific inquiry, often called the Baconian method or simply, the scientific method. His demand for a planned procedure of investigating all things natural marked a new turn in the rhetorical and theoretical framework for science, much of which still surrounds conceptions of proper methodology today. His dedication probably led to his death, so bringing him into a rare historical group of scientists who were killed by their own experiments.

Prompt: He established inductive methodologies for scientific inquiry, and is thought to have died from pneumonia contracted while studying the effects of freezing on preserving meat. Who was he?

Answer: Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St. Alban (1561  1626)


Context: Yaseinn Taher |  Five of the Lackawanna Six men were arrested in September 2002 and held in a federal detention center after several FBI raids in the Buffalo, New York suburb of Lackawanna. The five were Yahya Goba, Sahim Alwan, Shafal Mosed, Yasein Taher, and Faysal Galab. Mukhtar al-Bakri was arrested in Bahrain, brought to the US and charged with providing material support to designated foreign terrorist organizations, known as Title 18 of the US Code. The others were charged with the same violation of US law.

Prompt: "Mukhtar Al-Bakri, Sahim Alwan, Faysal Galab, Shafal Mosed, Yaseinn Taher and Yahya Goba were collectively known as the ""Lackawanna Six"" and by what other name?"

Answer: Lakawanna Six


Context: Glossary of French expressions in English | " means ""duck"" in French) ; 1) an unfounded rumor or anecdote. ; 2) a leading airfoil attached to an aircraft forward of the main wing. ; 3) a slang word for ""newspaper"". ; 4) a piece of sugar slightly soused with coffee or cognac (or another strong alcohol). canapé: A small, prepared and usually decorative food, held in the fingers and often eaten in one bite. In French, it can also refer to a ""sofa"". ; carte blanche: lit. ""white card"" (i.e. blank check); unlimited authority. ; carte de visite: lit. ""visiting card""; a calling card. ; cause célèbre: controversial celebrity issue. "

Prompt: "Literally, what old French word translates approximately as ""white food""?"

Answer: Blancmange


Context: Cassata |  Cassata or cassata siciliana is a traditional cake from Sicily, Italy. Cassata consists of round sponge cake moistened with fruit juices or liqueur and layered with ricotta cheese and candied fruit, a filling also used with cannoli. Cassata has a shell of marzipan, pink and green coloured icing, and decorative designs. Cassata may also refer to a Neapolitan ice cream containing candied or dried fruit and nuts.

Prompt: """Cassata Siciliana"" is a type of what?"

Answer: Cakes


Context: Rexton, New Brunswick |  Rexton (Kingston at the time) was the birthplace of Bonar Law, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in 1922–1923. Until the election of Boris Johnson in 2019, who was born in New York City, Law was the only British Prime Minister to be born outside the British Isles. His name is honoured at a recently upgraded community attraction, Bonar Law Common, and also at Bonar Law Memorial High School in Rexton. His father Rev. James Law was the Minister for St. Andrew's Church in Rexton for many years. William John Bowser, Premier of British Columbia (1915–1916), was born in Rexton. Former Premier of New Brunswick, Shawn Graham, was raised in Rexton.

Prompt: Who was the only Prime Minister of Great Britain born outside the British Isles?

Answer: Annie Bonar Law


Context: Jacques Rogge |  67. On 27 July 2011, one year prior to London 2012, Rogge attended a ceremony at Trafalgar Square where he invited athletes worldwide to compete in the forthcoming Olympic Games. Former Olympians the Princess Royal and Sebastian Coe unveiled the medals up for grabs, after both Prime Minister David Cameron and London Mayor Boris Johnson had given speeches. In December 2011, Rogge was invested as an Officer of the Légion d'honneur by French President Nicolas Sarkozy. Jacques Rogge's IOC Presidency came to an end at the 125th IOC Session in Buenos Aires. German Thomas Bach was elected as the new IOC President at the session on 10 September 2013. Rogge was then made Lifetime Honorary President of the IOC, a position which he held until his death in 2021.

Prompt: What was the Olympics venue announced by Jacques Rogge as his last before he resigned as President of the IOC?

Answer: Venues of the 2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympics


Context: Felony |  The primary means of restoring civil rights that are lost as a result of a felony conviction are executive clemency and expungement. For state law convictions, expungement is determined by the law of the state. Many states do not allow expungement, regardless of the offense, though felons can seek pardons and clemency, potentially including restoration of rights. Federal law does not have any provisions for persons convicted of federal felonies in a federal United States district court to apply to have their record expunged. At present the only relief that an individual convicted of a felony in federal court may receive is a presidential pardon, which does not expunge the conviction, but rather grants relief from the civil disabilities that stem from it.

Prompt: What is a legislative or executive act by which a state restores those who may have been guilty of an offence against it to the positions of innocent people?

Answer: Amnesty


Context: Quadrille (card game) |   Quadrille is a card game that was popular in the 18th century. A variant of the Spanish card game Ombre, it is played by four players in pairs, with a deck of 40 cards (the 8's, 9's and 10's being removed). By the end of the 19th century, the card game had fallen out of fashion. The novel Pride and Prejudice includes four references to the quadrille card game being played by an upper class character, Lady Catherine de Bourgh, and her guests. In the Diary of Thomas Vernon, which was written by a loyalist from Newport, Rhode Island, during the American Revolution in 1776, the author mentions playing quadrille frequently while exiled in Glocester, Rhode Island, during the war. It is also frequently mentioned in The Diary of a Country Parson 1758-1802 kept by James Woodforde, edited by John Beresford. In Ireland it was extremely popular in the 1730s. A pamphlet written in Dublin  in 1736, supposedly proposing new rules for the game, caused uproar when it became clear that it was simply a pretext for a vicious attack by the author,  Archbishop Josiah Hort,  on his enemy Richard  Bettesworth MP.

Prompt: Quadrille, a popular card game in the 18th century, is for four players with a deck of how many?

Answer: forty


Context: Fast forward |  To fast-forward is to move forwards through a recording at a speed faster than that at which it would usually be played, for example two times or two point five times. The recordings are usually audio, video or computer data. It is colloquially known as 'f-forwarding'. On media control symbols, such as player buttons and interfaces, the function is commonly represented by two solid arrows pointing right and these typical icons were correctly recognised by 75% of a sample of European consumers. This symbol is represented in Unicode as.

Prompt: On the buttons of a VCR or DVD player, what does the sign in the shape of a double right pointing arrow mean?

Answer: Fast forward


Context: Benedictines |   The monastery at Subiaco in Italy, established by Benedict of Nursia c. undefined 529, was the first of the dozen monasteries he founded. He later founded the Abbey of Monte Cassino. There is no evidence, however, that he intended to found an order and the Rule of Saint Benedict presupposes the autonomy of each community. When Monte Cassino was sacked by the Lombards about the year 580, the monks fled to Rome, and it seems probable that this constituted an important factor in the diffusion of a knowledge of Benedictine monasticism. It was from the monastery of St. Andrew in Rome that Augustine, the prior, and his forty companions set forth in 595 on their mission

Prompt: Which monastic order, founded in 529 AD, was based at a monastery at Monte Cassino, Italy, until it was sacked in 580, when the monks fled to Rome and then spread throughout Europe?

Answer: St. Benedict's monks


Context: Kelly Slater |  Robert Kelly Slater (born February 11, 1972) is an American professional surfer, best known for his unprecedented 11 world surfing championship wins. Slater is widely regarded as the greatest professional surfer of all time.

Prompt: Kelly Slater is an American professional sportsman in what field?

Answer: Cutback (surfing move)


Context: Heat transfer |  heat via mass transfer. Bulk motion of fluid enhances heat transfer in many physical situations, such as (for example) between a solid surface and the fluid. Convection is usually the dominant form of heat transfer in liquids and gases. Although sometimes discussed as a third method of heat transfer, convection is usually used to describe the combined effects of heat conduction within the fluid (diffusion) and heat transference by bulk fluid flow streaming. The process of transport by fluid streaming is known as advection, but pure advection is a term that is generally associated only with mass transport in fluids, such as advection of pebbles in a

Prompt: What is the name for the process by which heat is transferred by the motion of a fluid?

Answer: Heat convection


Context: Negus |  Negus (, nəgueś ; cf. ነጋሲ negus ) is a title in the Ethiopian Semitic languages. It denotes a monarch, such as the Negus Bahri (king of the sea) of the Medri Bahri kingdom in pre-1890 Eritrea, and the negus in pre-1974 Ethiopia. The negus is referred to as Al-Najashi (النجاشي) in the Islamic tradition.

Prompt: "Up to 1974, the title of ""Negus"" was used for the traditional rulers of what country?"

Answer: Ethiopean


Context: Tennessee Williams |  Thomas Lanier Williams III (March 26, 1911 – February 25, 1983), known by his pen name Tennessee Williams, was an American playwright and screenwriter. Along with contemporaries Eugene O'Neill and Arthur Miller, he is considered among the three foremost playwrights of 20th-century American drama. At age 33, after years of obscurity, Williams suddenly became famous with the success of The Glass Menagerie (1944) in New York City. This play closely reflected his own unhappy family background. It was the first of a string of successes, including A Streetcar Named Desire (1947), Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1955), Sweet Bird of Youth

Prompt: Thomas Lanier Williams III, American playwright, became better known under what name?

Answer: Tennesse Williams


Context: Hysterectomy | Endometriosis: growth of the uterine lining outside the uterine cavity. This inappropriate tissue growth can lead to pain and bleeding. ; Adenomyosis: a form of endometriosis, where the uterine lining has grown into and sometimes through the uterine wall musculature. This can thicken the uterine walls and also contribute to pain and bleeding. ; Heavy menstrual bleeding: irregular or excessive menstrual bleeding for greater than a week. It can disturb regular quality of life and may be indicative of a more serious condition. ; Uterine fibroids: benign growths on the uterus wall. These muscular noncancerous tumors can grow in single form or in clusters

Prompt: What is the painful and incurable, so far, condition characterised by uterine cells growing outside the uterus?

Answer: Endometreosis


Context: La Vie en rose (film) |  La Vie en Rose (literally Life in pink, ; La Môme) is a 2007 biographical musical film about the life of French singer Édith Piaf. The film was co-written and directed by Olivier Dahan, and stars Marion Cotillard as Piaf. The UK and US title La Vie en Rose comes from Piaf's signature song. The film is an international co-production between France, Czech Republic, and the United Kingdom. Cotillard's performance received critical acclaim and earned her several awards including the Academy Award for Best Actress – the first time an Oscar had been given for a French-language role – the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role, the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy and the César Award for Best Actress. The film also won the Academy Award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling, the BAFTA Award for Best Makeup, BAFTA Award for Best Costume Design, BAFTA Award for Best Film Music, and four additional César Awards. The film grossed $86.3 million worldwide.

Prompt: "Who was the subject of the 2007 film ""La Vie En Rose""?"

Answer: Édith Piaf


Context: Hugh Dowding | " created RAF Fighter Command, and was perhaps the one important person in Britain, and perhaps the world, who did not agree with British Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin's 1932 declaration that ""The bomber will always get through"". He conceived and oversaw the development of the ""Dowding system"". This consisted of an integrated air defence system which included (i) radar (whose potential Dowding was among the first to appreciate), (ii) human observers (including the Royal Observer Corps), who filled crucial gaps in what radar was capable of detecting at the time (the early radar systems, for example, did not provide good information on the altitude of incoming German aircraft), (iii) raid plotting, and (iv) radio control of "

Prompt: Who, in the years prior to World War II, conceived and oversaw the development of an integrated air defence system for England which included radar, human observers, raid plotting and radio control of aircraft?

Answer: Hugh Caswell Tremenheere Dowding


Context: Newfoundland dog |  The Newfoundland shares many physical traits with mastiffs and Molosser-type dogs, such as the St. Bernard and English Mastiff, including stout legs, massive heads with very broad snouts, a thick bull-like neck, and a very sturdy bone structure. Many St. Bernards have Newfoundlands in their ancestry. Newfoundlands were brought and introduced to the St. Bernard breed in the 18th century when the population was threatened by an epidemic of canine distemper. They share many characteristics of many livestock guardian dog breeds, such as the Great Pyrenees. Because of their strength, Newfoundlands were part of the foundation stock of the Leonberger (which excelled at water rescue and was imported by the Canadian government for that purpose); and the now-extinct Moscow Water Dog, a failed attempt at creating a lifesaving dog by the Russian state kennel—the unfortunate outcross with the Caucasian Shepherd Dog begat a dog more adept at biting than rescuing.

Prompt: Areas on the Canadian eastern coast share their name with two breeds of dog, Newfoundland and which other?

Answer: Labrador boundary dispute


Context: New Zealand Parliament Buildings | " New Zealand Parliament Buildings (Ngā whare Paremata ) house the New Zealand Parliament and are on a 45,000 square metre site at the northern end of Lambton Quay, Wellington. They consist of the Edwardian neoclassical-style Parliament House (1922); the Parliamentary Library (1899); the executive wing, called ""The Beehive"" (1977); and Bowen House, in use since 1991. Whilst most of the individual buildings are outstanding for different reasons, the overall setting that has been achieved ""has little aesthetic or architectural coherence""."

Prompt: Where are New Zealand's parliament buildings?

Answer: UN/LOCODE:NZWLG


Context: List of heads of state of Spain |  On October 1, 1936 General Francisco Franco was proclaimed Head of State (Caudillo) in parts of Spain controlled by Nationalist (nacionales) forces after the Spanish Civil War broke out. After the end of war on April 1, 1939 General Franco took control of the whole of Spain. In 1947, Franco proclaimed the restoration of the monarchy, but did not allow the pretender, Juan de Borbón, Count of Barcelona, to take the throne. In 1969, Franco declared that Juan Carlos, styled as the Prince of Spain, the Count of Barcelona's son, would be his successor. After Franco's death in 1975, Juan Carlos succeeded him as the King of Spain.

Prompt: General Franco, the Spanish military general, was head of state of Spain from October 1936 following the Spanish Civil War, until when?

Answer: 1975


Context: Urban Ecotourism |  The High Line is a 1.45 mile long elevated linear park built on a former freight railway in the neighborhood of Chelsea in New York City. As of 2019, the park received about 8 million annual visitors, making it one of the most popular tourist attractions in the city and a global inspiration for similar transformations. In 1999 after decades of disuse, the structure was marked for demolition but community members took inspiration in the thriving wild plants on the structure and sought to preserve and rehabilitate the public space. Now, the High Line hosts more than 500 species of plants and is home to a diverse lineup of public programs, community and teen engagement, performances, and artwork, which is free and open to all.

Prompt: Established in New York in 1999, what is the High Line?

Answer: A public park built on an old freight rail line


Context: Conkers | A conker gains one point for surviving a hit that causes the other one to break. The point is scored whether the surviving conker was attacking or defending at the time. ; A new conker is a none-er, meaning that it has not defeated any others yet and thus has no score. ; As a conker accumulates points, its designation changes to reflect the total: a none-er becomes a one-er, then a two-er, and so on. In some areas of Scotland, conker victories are counted using the terms bully-one, bully-two, etc. In some areas of the United States and Canada, conker victories are counted using the terms one-kinger, two-kinger, etc. ; In some regions, the winning conker receives all the points accumulated by the losing one, in addition to gaining one more point for the defeat. For example, a two-er that defeats a three-er would become a six-er (2 + 3 + 1). Other regions only award one point to the winner, regardless of the loser's score.

Prompt: How does one tell a potentially winning cob or conker?

Answer: Put them in water and choose from among those that sink


Context: Tibetan Buddhism |   With the decline of the Mongol Yuan dynasty and the loose administration of the following (Han-Chinese) Ming dynasty (1368–1644), Central Tibet was ruled by successive local families from the 14th to the 17th century. Jangchub Gyaltsän (1302–1364) became the strongest political family in the mid 14th century. During this period the reformist scholar Je Tsongkhapa (1357–1419) founded the Gelug school which would have a decisive influence on Tibet's history. The Ganden Tripa is the nominal head of the Gelug school, though its most influential figure is the Dalai Lama. Internal strife within the Phagmodrupa dynasty, and the strong localism of the various fiefs and political-religious factions, led to a long series of internal conflicts. The minister family Rinpungpa, based in Tsang (West Central Tibet), dominated politics after 1435.

Prompt: Which Chinese dynasty ruled from the 14th to the 17th century?

Answer: Ming Empire


Context: Paris under Louis-Philippe |  the publication of his compositions, and from private piano lessons. Chopin lived at different times at 38 Rue de la Chaussée-d'Antin and at 5 Rue Tronchet. He had a ten-year relationship with the writer George Sand between 1837 and 1847. In 1842, they moved together to the Square d'Orléans, at 80 Rue Taitbout, where the relationship ended. Franz Liszt also lived in Paris during this period, composing music for the piano and giving concerts and music lessons. He lived at the Hôtel de France on the Rue La Fayette, not far from Chopin. The two men were friends, but Chopin did not appreciate the manner in which Liszt played variations on his music. The violinist Niccolò Paganini was a frequent visitor and performer in

Prompt: The composer Frdric Chopin had a decade-long affair with which French author?

Answer: Aurore Dupin


Context: Sinai Peninsula |  The Sinai Peninsula, or simply Sinai ( now usually ) (سِينَاء, ), is a peninsula in Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia. It is between the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Red Sea to the south, and is a land bridge between Asia and Africa. Sinai has a land area of about 60000 km2 (6 percent of Egypt's total area) and a population of approximately 600,000 people. Administratively, the vast majority of the area of the Sinai Peninsula is divided into two governorates: the South Sinai Governorate and the North Sinai Governorate. Three other governorates span the Suez Canal, crossing into African Egypt: Suez Governorate on the southern end of the Suez Canal, Ismailia Governorate in the center, and Port Said Governorate in the

Prompt: The Sinai Peninsula is part of which country?

Answer: EGY


Context: Tango & Cash |  Tango & Cash is a 1989 American buddy cop action comedy film starring Sylvester Stallone, Kurt Russell, Jack Palance and Teri Hatcher. Stallone and Russell star as Raymond Tango and Gabriel Cash respectively, two rival LAPD narcotics detectives, who are forced to work together after the criminal mastermind Yves Perret (Palance) frames both of them for murder. The film was chiefly directed by Andrei Konchalovsky, with Albert Magnoli and Peter MacDonald taking over in the later stages of filming, with Stuart Baird overseeing post-production. The multiple directors were due to a long and troubled production process, that included numerous script rewrites and clashes between Konchalovsky and producer Jon Peters over creative differences. The film was released by Warner Bros. in the United States on December 22, 1989, the same day as Always. Both films were the last to be released in the 1980s. The film received mixed reviews from critics.

Prompt: "Who played the lead roles of Ray Tango and Gabriel Cash in ""Tango & Cash"", a 1989 American action/comedy film directed by Andrei Konchalovsky and Albert Magnoli?"

Answer: Sylvester Stallone & Kurt Russell


Context: Sex differences in human physiology |  The human genome consists of two copies of each of 23 chromosomes (a total of 46). One set of 23 comes from the mother and one set comes from the father. Of these 23 pairs of chromosomes, 22 are autosomes, and one is a sex chromosome. There are two kinds of sex chromosomes–X and Y. In humans and in almost all other mammals, females carry two X chromosomes, designated XX, and males carry one X and one Y, designated XY. A human egg contains only one set of chromosomes (23) and is a haploid. Sperm also have only one set of 23 chromosomes and are therefore haploid. When an egg and sperm fuse at fertilization, the

Prompt: What chromosomes do the two main human sexes have?

Answer: Men: XY, Women: XX


Context: Grand Slam (tennis) |  The US Open is the fourth and final Grand Slam tournament of the year, played annually in late August and early September. It was first held in August 1881 on grass courts at the Newport Casino in Newport, Rhode Island, United States. The tournament constantly changed venues over the years, with each discipline continuing to be held separately at various venues until 1923, when the tournament settled at the West Side Tennis Club in Forest Hills, Queens, New York City. In 1978, it moved to the hardcourts of the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in Flushing Meadows, Queens, where it has been contested ever since. Organized by the United States Tennis Association (USTA), previously known as the United States National Lawn Tennis Association (USNLTA) until 1920, and as United

Prompt: What is the last Grand Slam tennis tournament played in a calendar year?

Answer: United States Open Championship


Context: Finding Nemo | " sea fish Nemo, and adults will relate to Marlin, Nemo's devoted dad."" Bruce Westbrook of the Houston Chronicle gave the film an A-, saying ""Finding Nemo lives up to Pixar's high standards for wildly creative visuals, clever comedy, solid characters and an involving story."" Tom Long of The Detroit News gave the film an A-, saying ""A simple test of humanity: If you don't laugh aloud while watching it, you've got a battery not a heart."" Lou Lumenick of the New York Post gave the film four out of four, saying ""A dazzling, computer-animated fish tale with a funny, touching script and "

Prompt: "What relation was Marlin to Nemo in the film ""Finding Nemo""?"

Answer: Dad


Context: Earwax |  Earwax, also known by the medical term cerumen, is a brown, orange, red, yellowish or gray waxy substance secreted in the ear canal of humans and other mammals. It protects the skin of the human ear canal, assists in cleaning and lubrication, and provides protection against bacteria, fungi, and water. Earwax consists of dead skin cells, hair, and the secretions of cerumen by the ceruminous and sebaceous glands of the outer ear canal. Major components of earwax are long chain fatty acids, both saturated and unsaturated, alcohols, squalene, and cholesterol. Excess or compacted cerumen is the buildup of ear wax causing a blockage in the ear canal and it can press against the eardrum or block the outside ear canal or hearing aids, potentially causing hearing loss.

Prompt: What is a more formal name for ear wax?

Answer: Earwax impaction


Context: Australian Open |  <section begin=GrandSlamArticle/> The Australian Open is managed by Tennis Australia, formerly the Lawn Tennis Association of Australia (LTAA), and was first played at the Warehouseman's Cricket Ground in Melbourne in November 1905. The facility is now known as the Albert Reserve Tennis Centre, and was a grass court. The tournament was first known as the Australasian Championships. It became the Australian Championships in 1927. Then, in 1969, it became the Australian Open. Since 1905, the Australian Open has been staged in five Australian cities: Melbourne (55 times), Sydney (17 times), Adelaide (14 times), Brisbane (7 times), Perth (3 times), and two New Zealand

Prompt: The Australian Tennis Open is played in what city?

Answer: Melbourne, AU-VIC


Context: Thérèse of Lisieux |  The Basilica of St. Thérèse in her home town of Lisieux was consecrated on 11 July 1954 and has become a centre for pilgrims from all over the world. It was originally dedicated in 1937 by Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli, later Pope Pius XII. The basilica can seat 3,000 people.

Prompt: Saint Therese is associated with which town?

Answer: Lisieux, France


Context: Ticket to Ride (video game) |  Gameplay is identical to the board game: there are two types of cards, colored train cars representing a type of cargo (e.g., black represents coal cars), and destination cards which feature two city destinations (e.g., Chicago to Miami). Each player is dealt three destination cards, and must choose at least two of them. They are also dealt six train cards. Players may draw train cards, a new destination card, or claim a colored route on their turn. To claim a route, a player must pay with a combination of same-colored cards including locomotives which serve as wild cards. Once a route is claimed, no other player may claim it; some routes feature double routes which allow up to two players

Prompt: The game Ticket to Ride involves what kind of transport?

Answer: Rail (disambiguation)


Context: Rice production in Vietnam |  alluvium, which are ideally suited for growing wet rice, as is done now extensively in the Mekong Delta where farmers and fishermen live to pursue their vocation of farming and aqua culture. The Mekong River rises in the Tibetan plateau. In its total river course of 4350 km it encompasses six countries of Southeast Asia. The river initially traverses through Myanmar and then forms the border between Laos and Thailand, then flows through Cambodia (Phnom Penh), enters Vietnam and forms the third largest delta in the world – the Mekong Delta – before debouching into the South China Sea. While flowing through Cambodia, the river splits into two branches,

Prompt: The Mekong River rises in the Tibetan plateau and runs through or between six countries - China, Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam and which other?

Answer: Saathiaranagroat Prachhathippatay Prachhachhon Lao


Context: Cappella Giulia |  The Cappella Giulia, officially the Reverend Musical Chapel Julia of the Sacrosanct Papal Basilica of Saint Peter in the Vatican, is the choir of St. Peter's Basilica that sings for all solemn functions of the Vatican Chapter, such as Holy Mass, Lauds, and Vespers, when these are not celebrated by the Pope (for functions celebrated by the Pope, the Sistine Chapel Choir sings instead). The choir has played an important role as an interpreter and a proponent of Gregorian chant and sacred polyphony.

Prompt: Where are St. Peter's Basilica and the Sistine Chapel?

Answer: Geology of the Vatican City


Context: Watling Street | " The two routes of the Antonine Itinerary immediately following (Iter III & IV) list the stations from Londinium to ""Portus Dubris"" (Dover) and to ""Portus Lemanis"" (Lympne) at the north eastern edge of the Romney Marsh, suggesting that they may have been considered interchangeable terminuses. They only differ in the distance to Durovernum: 14 and 17 Roman miles, respectively. The route to Lemanis was sometimes distinguished by the name ""Stone Street""; it now forms most of the B2068 road that runs from the M20 motorway to Canterbury. The route between Durovernum and the fortress and port at Regulbium (Reculver) on Kent's northern shore is not given in these itineraries but was also paved "

Prompt: What was the name of the Roman road that stretched from Dover, Kent, almost to Shrewsbury, Shropshire, a distance of 322 km (200 miles)?

Answer: Stone Street (Kent)


Context: Action film |  film, Bruce Willis plays a New York police detective who inadvertently becomes embroiled in a terrorist take-over of a Los Angeles office building high-rise. The use of a maverick, resourceful lone hero has always been a common thread from James Bond to John Rambo, but John McClane in Die Hard is much more of an 'everyday' person whom circumstance turns into a reluctant hero. The film set a pattern for a host of imitators, like Under Siege (1992) and Sudden Death, which used the same formula in a different setting. By the end of the 1980s, the influence of the successful action film could be felt in almost every genre.

Prompt: "Who was the hero in the ""Die Hard"" series of films?"

Answer: John McLane


Context: Barnard's Star |  Barnard's Star is a red dwarf about six light-years from Earth in the constellation of Ophiuchus. It is the fourth-nearest-known individual star to the Sun after the three components of the Alpha Centauri system, and the closest star in the northern celestial hemisphere. Its stellar mass is about 14% of the Sun's. Despite its proximity, the star has a dim apparent magnitude of +9.5 and is invisible to the unaided eye; it is much brighter in the infrared than in visible light. The star is named after the American astronomer E. E. Barnard, who in 1916 measured its proper motion as 10.3 arcseconds per year relative to the Sun, the highest known for any star. The star had previously appeared on Harvard University photographic plates in 1888 and 1890. Barnard's Star is among the most studied

Prompt: Which red dwarf star, approximately 4.2 light-years distant in the constellation of Centaurus is the nearest star to the Sun?

Answer: Gl 551


Context: Chronological summary of the 2012 Summer Olympics | Jenn Suhr of the United States won the gold medal in the women's pole vault with Yarisley Silva of Cuba taking the silver and defending champion Yelena Isinbayeva of Russia earning bronze. ; Valerie Adams of New Zealand claimed gold in the women's shot put final. Yevgeniya Kolodko of Russia took silver and Gong Lijiao of China won the bronze, after Nadzeya Ostapchuk of Belarus, who had initially been awarded the gold, was stripped of the medal following a failed drug test. ; Félix Sánchez of the Dominican Republic regained the men's 400 metres hurdles title that he had first won at the 2004 Olympics finishing in a time of 47.63 seconds. American Michael Tinsley

Prompt: In the 2012 Olympics, the gold medallist in the women's shotput was later deprived of her medal, making world champion Valerie Adams, New Zealand, the gold medallist instead. Why?

Answer: Positive drug test both before and after the finals


Context: List of linguists |  A linguist in the academic sense is a person who studies natural language (an academic discipline known as linguistics). Ambiguously, the word is sometimes also used to refer to a polyglot (one who knows several languages), or a grammarian (a scholar of grammar), but these two uses of the word are distinct (and one does not have to be a polyglot in order to be an academic linguist). The following is a list of notable linguists in the academic sense.

Prompt: What does a linguist study?

Answer: Language - form, meaning and context


Context: Characters in Romeo and Juliet | " aristocrat, within the next few days, threatening to turn her out on the streets if she doesn't follow through. Desperate, Juliet begs Romeo's confidant, Friar Laurence, to help her to escape the forced marriage. Laurence does so by giving her a potion that puts her in a deathlike coma. The plan works, but too soon for Romeo to learn of it; he genuinely believes Juliet to be dead, and so resolves to commit suicide, by drinking the bottle of poison (illegally bought from the Apothecary upon hearing the news of Juliet's ""death""). Romeo's final words were ""Thus with a kiss I die"". He kills himself at Juliet's grave, moments before she awakes; she kills herself in turn shortly thereafter."

Prompt: "What were the last words of Romeo in Shakespeare's ""Romeo and Juliet""?"

Answer: Thus with a kiss I die


Context: Cat (Red Dwarf) | " The Cat exhibits qualities of vanity, such as in ""The End"" (1988), where his first words are ""How am I looking? I'm looking nice!"" In early episodes, the Cat exhibits typical feline behaviours such as licking anyone who gives him food, playing with ""shiny things"" and marking his territory, for which purpose he carries a small spray-can in his pocket. While scent-marking, he repeats, ""This is mine, this is mine, and all of this is mine."" He bats his food around when it is served on the table, explaining to his startled shipmates, ""that is what cats do with [live] food!"" His extreme self-confidence results in him thinking himself to be irresistible to women. He is originally "

Prompt: "In the sentence ""Wherever he went, he carried the scratching cat, his eyes red."", what part of speech is ""his eyes red""?"

Answer: Word-group


Context: Liverpool John Lennon Airport | " line from Lennon's song ""Imagine"": ""Above us, only sky."" In 2005 the Yellow Submarine, a large-scale work of art, was installed on a traffic island at the entrance to the airport. A permanent exhibition of The Beatles in India's photographs made in 1968 at the Ashram of Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, (founder of the Transcendental Meditation technique), by Paul Saltzman can be seen above the retail units in the departure lounge. 2005 also saw the construction of a brand-new apron, exclusively for EasyJet, to the east of the terminal with six stands and a pier with six boarding gates. In September 2006 reconstruction started on the main runway and taxiways. This was the first time the runway had been reconstructed (as "

Prompt: What object was unveiled outside John Lennon Airport, Liverpool, in 2005?

Answer: Yellow Submarine


Context: The Awefull Battle of the Pekes and the Pollicles | " In Cats, ""The Awefull Battle of the Pekes and the Pollicles"" is performed in the time signature as part of a play within the musical. It is sung by Munkustrap and describes a legendary battle between two neighbouring dog tribes, the Pekes and the Pollicles, who bark ""until you could hear them all over the park"". Two more dog tribes, the Pugs and the Poms, eventually join in the barking as well. This goes on until the Great Rumpus Cat arrives and scares the dogs away. As Munkustrap narrates, the other cats act out the tale by using items from the junkyard to dress up as the dogs. The play is interrupted at several moments by the antics of Rum Tum Tugger."

Prompt: What animal other than a cat is an integral part of the musical Cats?

Answer: Possum


Context: 2009 Indian Premier League |  The 2009 Indian Premier League season, abbreviated as IPL 2 or the 2009 IPL, was the second season of the Indian Premier League, established by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2007. The tournament was hosted by South Africa and was played between 18 April and 24 May 2009. It was the second biggest cricket tournament in the world, after the Cricket World Cup, and was forecast to have an estimated television audience of more than 200 million people in India alone. The tagline was Divided by nations, United by IPL. As the second season of the IPL coincided with multi-phase 2009 Indian general elections, in the aftermath of the 3 March 2009 attack on the Sri Lanka national cricket team the Government of India refused to commit security by Indian paramilitary forces. As

Prompt: The 2009 season of the Indian Premier League, a Twenty20 cricket competition initiated by the Board of Control for Cricket in India, was held where?

Answer: South africa


Context: Section 34 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms | " Section 34, as part of the Constitution Act, 1982, came into force on April 17, 1982. According to the government of Canada, section 34's function ""simply"" relates to citation. The section clarifies that the first 34 sections of the Constitution Act, 1982 may be collectively called the ""Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms,"" which is an ""official name."" This would be the name of the English version. The French version of section 34 states ""Titre de la présente partie: Charte canadienne des droits et libertés."" In 1982, constitutional scholar Peter Hogg suggested that the section also clarifies the size and "

Prompt: When did the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, the bill of rights entrenched in Canadian law as part of the Constitution Act, come into force?

Answer: one thousand, nine hundred and eighty-two


Context: Bhutan | " Bhutan's political system has recently changed from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy. King Jigme Singye Wangchuck transferred most of his administrative powers to the Council of Cabinet Ministers and allowed for impeachment of the King by a two-thirds majority of the National Assembly. In 1999, the government lifted a ban on television and internet, making Bhutan one of the last countries to introduce television. In his speech, the King said that television was a critical step to the modernization of Bhutan as well as a major contributor to the country's gross national happiness, but warned that the ""misuse"" of this new technology could erode traditional Bhutanese values. A new constitution was presented in early 2005. In December 2005, Wangchuck announced that he would abdicate the throne in his son's favour in 2008. On 9 December 2006, he announced that he would be abdicating immediately. This was followed by the first national parliamentary elections in December 2007 and March 2008. On 6 November 2008, 28-year-old Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck was crowned king."

Prompt: In 2008 government in Bhutan was changed from an absolute monarchy to what?

Answer: Monarchic republic


Context: John Martin (painter) |  With his wife Susan, née Garrett, who was nine years older than him, Martin had six children who survived to adulthood: Alfred (who worked with his father as a mezzotint engraver and later became a senior tax official), Isabella, Zenobia (who married the artist Peter Cunningham), Leopold (who became a clerk), Charles (1820–1906), who was trained as a painter by his father, copying a number of his father's works – he later became a successful portrait painter and lived in America – his last exhibit at the Royal Academy was in 1896 and Jessie (who married Egyptologist Joseph Bonomi). Leopold was the godson of the future King Leopold I of Belgium, who had met and befriended Martin when they shared lodgings on Marylebone High Street in about 1815. Leopold later wrote a series of reminiscences of his father, published in the Newcastle Weekly Chronicle Supplement in 1889. Leopold accompanied his father on many walks and visits, and his anecdotes include encounters with J. M. W. Turner, Isambard Kingdom Brunel, William Godwin and Charles Wheatstone. Leopold married the sister of John Tenniel, later famous as the cartoonist of Punch and illustrator of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.

Prompt: He was the fourth of 6 children and the oldest surviving, was a choir singer, a painter, a writer, an admirer of Martin Luther, a decorated soldier and a politician. Who was he?

Answer: Hitlerian


Context: Labyrinth | "  In Greek mythology, the Labyrinth (, Labýrinthos) was an elaborate, confusing structure designed and built by the legendary artificer Daedalus for King Minos of Crete at Knossos. Its function was to hold the Minotaur, the monster eventually killed by the hero Theseus. Daedalus had so cunningly made the Labyrinth that he could barely escape it after he built it. Although early Cretan coins occasionally exhibit branching (multicursal) patterns, the single-path (unicursal) seven-course ""Classical"" design without branching or dead ends became associated with the Labyrinth on coins as early as 430 BC, and similar non-branching patterns became widely used as visual representations of the Labyrinth – even though both "

Prompt: What, according to Greek legend, was built at Cnossos, Crete, by Daedalus?

Answer: Labrynth


Context: List of protection sports | Belgian Ring Sport ; French Ring Sport — jumps, complex obedience, and several variants of attacks on a decoy (helper wearing bite-protection gear) ; KNPV (Koninklijke Nederlands Politiehond Vereniging) — Dutch, obedience and bite-work, no tracking ; Mondio Ring — obedience, agility (jumps) and protection ; Schutzhund/IPO/IGP — Traditional sport; competitions are regulated by Fédération Cynologique Internationale under the IGP name.

Prompt: What kind of sport is French Ring Sport?

Answer: List of dog sports


Context: Francis Drake's circumnavigation |  Drake not only became the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe, he was the first Englishman to sail and see the Pacific and Indian oceans as well as the South Atlantic. Drake was the first to complete a circumnavigation as a captain while leading the expedition throughout the entire voyage. Drake ended up having raided or plundered six coastal towns and had taken thirteen ships having plundered them, used them and either released or scuttled them. He ran aground another twelve in Callao itself. Elizabeth awarded Drake a knighthood aboard Golden Hinde in Deptford on 4 April 1581; the dubbing being performed by a French diplomat, Monsieur de

Prompt: Who was the first Englishman to lead an expedition to circumnavigate the earth by sea, and died of dysentery in the West Indies 16 years later?

Answer: Francis Drake, the Voyages of


Context: Valvetrain |  Pushrods are long, slender metal rods that are used in overhead valve engines to transfer motion from the camshaft (located in the engine block) to the valves (located in the cylinder head). The bottom end of a pushrod is fitted with a lifter, upon which the camshaft makes contact. The camshaft lobe moves the lifter upwards, which moves the pushrod. The top end of the lifter pushes on the rocker arm, which opens the valve.

Prompt: What is the name for a rotating rod with oblong lobes sticking out of it, that is fitted in a car's engine block?

Answer: Camshaft


Context: Billie Jean King | " Billie Jean and Larry King were engaged in fall of 1964 and married in Long Beach, California, on September 17, 1965. Billie Jean credited Larry with introducing her to feminism and for pushing her to pursue tennis as a career. Billie Jean later said she ""was totally in love with Larry"" when they married. By 1968, King realized that she was attracted to women. In 1971, she began an intimate relationship with her secretary, Marilyn Barnett (born Marilyn Kathryn McRae on January 28, 1948). Marilyn Barnett had been living rent-free in Billie Jean and Larry King's Malibu house. In 1979, the Kings "

Prompt: What was the maiden name of Billie Jean King before she married Lawrence King in Long Beach, California on 17 September 1965?

Answer: Moffitt


Context: Works based on Faust | "Blues guitarist Tommy Johnson claimed to have sold his soul to the devil in exchange for guitar mastery. Tommy Johnson's claim precedes that of Robert Johnson's. ; Blues guitarist Robert Johnson fancifully said to have acquired his playing skill from the devil at a deserted crossroads. Songs such as ""Cross Road Blues"" (1936) and ""Me and the Devil Blues"" (1937) allude to his pact with the devil. ; Faun's song ""König von Thule"" is a cover of Gretchen's song in the first part of Goethe's Faust (lines 2759-82). Goethe wrote this particular song in 1774. ; Poet JB Goodenough's ""Children of Michael"" which tells the story of "

Prompt: There is a legend that blues musician Robert Johnson sold his soul to the devil in exchange for mastery of the guitar. There is a similar story about which 19th century violin virtuoso?

Answer: Niccol Paganini


Context: Mathematics | " Mathematics (from Greek: ) includes the study of such topics as numbers (arithmetic and number theory), formulas and related structures (algebra), shapes and spaces in which they are contained (geometry), and quantities and their changes (calculus and analysis). There is no general consensus about its exact scope or epistemological status. Most of mathematical activity consists of discovering and proving (by pure reasoning) properties of abstract objects. These objects are either abstractions from nature (such as natural numbers or ""a line""), or (in modern mathematics) abstract entities that are defined by their basic properties, called axioms. A proof consists of a succession of applications of some deductive rules to already known results, "

Prompt: What is a name for the abstract study of topics such as quantity, structure, space, and change?

Answer: Mathematic


Context: List of actors who have played the Doctor | " Since the beginning of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who in 1963, many actors have played the title character of the Doctor on television and in various BBC-licensed spin-offs on television, stage, radio, film, audio plays and webcasts. The character's ability to periodically regenerate appearance and personality has facilitated the ability of new actors to take over the role – in official and unofficial productions – while in most cases maintaining continuity with the television series. This list includes not only the thirteen official series leads, but also actors who have played the doctor in other media (radio, audiobooks, games, et cetera), appeared in flashbacks of other incarnations, semi-official parodies, and other instances both canon and non-canon. But it does not include Doctors who have appeared in fan films or amateur stage shows and audios, nor does it include rare occasions where a companion or other character has impersonated the Doctor (such as Mawdryn in the television serial Mawdryn Undead (1983) or Clara Oswald in the episode ""Death in Heaven"" (2014)). The incumbent is Jodie Whittaker, who succeeded Peter Capaldi in the role at the conclusion of the 2017 Christmas special."

Prompt: Which of the actors who portrayed Dr Who, famous from the UK TV series of the same name, appeared almost exclusively on radio, film, written works, and comic strips?

Answer: McGann, Paul


Context: 1976 Winter Paralympics |  The 1976 Winter Paralympic Games (Paralympiska vinterspelen 1976) were the first Winter Paralympics. They were held in Örnsköldsvik, Sweden, from 21 to 28 February 1976. The disabilities included in this Paralympics were blindness and amputees. Sixteen countries took part with 196 athletes. There were competitions in Alpine and Nordic skiing for amputee and visually impaired athletes, and a demonstration event in ice sledge racing. They were originally known as the 1st Winter Olympic Games for the Disabled.

Prompt: When were the first Winter Paralympics held?

Answer: 1976


Context: History of the United States |  In 1830, Congress passed the Indian Removal Act, which authorized the president to negotiate treaties that exchanged Native American tribal lands in the eastern states for lands west of the Mississippi River. Its goal was primarily to remove Native Americans, including the Five Civilized Tribes, from the American Southeast; they occupied land that settlers wanted. Jacksonian Democrats demanded the forcible removal of native populations who refused to acknowledge state laws to reservations in the West; Whigs and religious leaders opposed the move as inhumane. Thousands of deaths resulted from the relocations, as seen in the Cherokee Trail of Tears. The Trail of Tears resulted in approximately 2,000–8,000 of the 16,543 relocated Cherokee perishing along the way. Many of the Seminole Indians in Florida refused to move west; they fought the Army for years in the Seminole Wars.

Prompt: "Which US president was behind ""The Indian Removal Act"" of 1830, which paved the way for the reluctant and often forcible emigration of tens of thousands of American Indians to the West?"

Answer: Seventh President of the United States


Context: Gulf of St. Lawrence | " The gulf has provided a historically important marine fishery for various First Nations that have lived on its shores for millennia and used its waters for transportation. The first documented voyage by a European in its waters was by the French explorer Jacques Cartier in the year 1534. Cartier named the shores of the Saint Lawrence River ""The Country of Canadas"", after an indigenous word meaning ""village"" or ""settlement"", thus naming the world's second largest country. Basque whalers established their base on the Strait of Belle Isle and worked closely with the Iroquois in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. In 1579 the English government closed all English ports to Spanish oil imports. As a result, a third of Basque whale oil could not be sold. Basque whaling collapsed in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and never recovered. Basque whalers from Saint-Jean-de-Luz sailed into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence in 1583 and began whaling at Tadoussac."

Prompt: Travelling up the St Lawrence River from its mouth, which is the first major city on its shores?

Answer: Province of Québec


Context: Detroit |  only major city along the Canada–U.S. border in which one travels south in order to cross into Canada. Detroit has four border crossings: the Ambassador Bridge and the Detroit–Windsor Tunnel provide motor vehicle thoroughfares, with the Michigan Central Railway Tunnel providing railroad access to and from Canada. The fourth border crossing is the Detroit–Windsor Truck Ferry, near the Windsor Salt Mine and Zug Island. Near Zug Island, the southwest part of the city was developed over a 1500 acre salt mine that is 1100 ft below the surface. The Detroit salt mine run by the Detroit Salt Company has over 100 mi of roads within.

Prompt: If you travel due south from Detroit, Michigan, what is the first country you reach?

Answer: Canada


Context: Salvador Dalí | " As a youth, Dalí identified as Communist, anti-monarchist and anti-clerical and in 1924 he was briefly imprisoned by the Primo de Rivera dictatorship as a person ""intensely liable to cause public disorder"". When Dalí officially joined the Surrealist group in 1929 his political activism initially intensified. In 1931, he became involved in the Workers' and Peasants' Front, delivering lectures at meetings and contributing to their party journal. However, as political divisions within the Surrealist group grew, Dalí soon developed a more apolitical stance, refusing to publicly denounce fascism. In 1934, Andre Breton accused him of being sympathetic to Hitler and Dalí narrowly avoided being expelled from the group. After the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in 1936, Dalí avoided "

Prompt: Who was expelled from the Surrealist movement due to his views on the Spanish Civil War?

Answer: Salvador Felipe Jacinto DalA


Context: Manneken Pis |  a model designed by Gillis Vander Jeught. It can be assumed that the first version of Brussels' Manneken Pis, dating from before 1451, served as inspiration to Geraardsbergen's statue. Looking at the age of the current statues, both of them are replicas; the one in Brussels dating from 1965 and the one in Geraardsbergen from 1985. The design of Geraarsbergen's original statue, however, which dates from 1459, is anterior to that of Duquesnoy's statue, dating from 1619. It is on this basis that Geraardsbergen asserts that its Manneken Pis is the oldest, but since there was probably already a Manneken Pis in 1452 in Brussels, the tradition might thus be slightly older there.

Prompt: When is the original version of the statue Mannekin Pis thought to have been built?

Answer: one thousand, three hundred and eighty-eight


Context: Tables game | " The ancient Egyptians played a game called Senet, which belonged to the same family of race games as modern tables games, with moves controlled by the roll of dice as early as 3500 BC. The Royal Game of Ur, played in ancient Mesopotamia, is another member of the family. Recent excavations at the ""Burnt City"" in Iran showed that a similar game existed there around 3000 BC. The artifacts include two dice and 60 pieces. The set is believed to be 100 to 200 years older than the sets found in Ur. Though they appear to be race games there is insufficient evidence that they are ancestral to backgammon. Roman Tabula (Byzantine Greek: Tάβλη) bore "

Prompt: Where is the ancient game of senet traditionally played?

Answer: On a board


Context: Margaret of Valois-Angoulême | Jeanne III of Navarre (16 November 1528– 9 June 1572), the mother of the future Henry IV of France, also known as Henry III of Navarre. She became Queen regnant of Navarre from 1555 to 1572. She was the wife of Antoine de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme, and mother of Henry of Bourbon, who became King of Navarre and also of France as the first Bourbon king. She was the acknowledged spiritual and political leader of the French Huguenot movement. ; Jean (7 July 1530- 25 December 1530), who died as an infant Marguerite was married twice, first to Charles IV of Alençon, but this marriage was childless. Her next marriage was to Henry II of Navarre. The children of Marguerite and Henry were:

Prompt: Who was Queen of France as the wife of Henry II (who reigned for 15 years from 1547) and remained the dominant person in France after his death during the reign of 3 of her 4 sons until 1589?

Answer: Catherine de Médicis


Context: British National (Overseas) |  towards ensuring the city's stability when it became clear that the Chinese authorities would not allow this. The two governments agreed on the Sino-British Joint Declaration in 1984. The United Kingdom would transfer the entire territory of Hong Kong at the conclusion of the New Territories lease in 1997 to the People's Republic of China, which promised to guarantee the continuation of the region's existing economic and political systems for 50 years after the handover. Hong Kong would become a special administrative region governed under Chinese sovereignty with a high level of autonomy in local affairs and its residents were to retain civil liberties such as freedom of speech, assembly, and religion after the transfer.

Prompt: What country, after having governed it for 155 years, transferred its sovereignty of Hong Kong to China in 1997?

Answer: Regno Unito


Context: Global financial system |  In February 1992, European Union countries signed the Maastricht Treaty which outlined a three-stage plan to accelerate progress toward an Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). The first stage centered on liberalizing capital mobility and aligning macroeconomic policies between countries. The second stage established the European Monetary Institute which was ultimately dissolved in tandem with the establishment in 1998 of the European Central Bank (ECB) and European System of Central Banks. Key to the Maastricht Treaty was the outlining of convergence criteria that EU members would need to satisfy before being permitted to proceed. The third and final stage introduced a common currency for circulation known as the Euro, adopted by eleven of then-fifteen members of the European Union in January 1999. In doing so, they disaggregated their sovereignty in matters of monetary policy. These countries continued to circulate their national legal tenders, exchangeable for euros at fixed rates, until 2002 when the ECB began issuing official Euro coins and notes. , the EMU comprises 17 nations which have issued the Euro, and 11 non-Euro states.

Prompt: When the 1992 Maastricht Treaty established the European Union and led to a common currency in Europe, what was the currency called?

Answer: Euros


Context: Stargate SG-1 (season 3) | " The third season of the military science fiction television series Stargate SG-1 commenced airing on Showtime in the United States on June 25, 1999, concluded on Sky1 in the United Kingdom on March 8, 2000, and contained 22 episodes. The third season follows SG-1 in their fight against the Goa'uld Empire's System Lords, the main being Sokar until ""The Devil You Know"" and then Apophis, after he regained power during that episode. The season introduces the long-unseen and unnamed enemy of the Asgards, the Replicators, who are self-replicating machines that seek to convert all civilizations into more of themselves, thus posing a dire threat to all other beings. The Replicators are first mentioned, but not named, in season three episode ""Fair Game"". The one-hour premiere ""Into the Fire"", which debuted on June 25, 1999 on Showtime did not receive any syndication rating, but overall got a high viewership level. The series was developed by Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner, who also served as executive producers. Season 3 regular cast members include Richard Dean Anderson, Michael Shanks, Amanda Tapping, Christopher Judge, and Don S. Davis."

Prompt: When did the Goa'uld first appear in the US/Canada TV series Stargate SG-1?

Answer: one thousand, nine hundred and ninety-seven


Context: 2012–13 Premier League | First goal of the season: Michu for Swansea City against Queens Park Rangers ( 18 August 2012 ) ; Fastest goal of the season: 20 seconds, Theo Walcott for Arsenal against Queens Park Rangers ( 4 May 2013 ) ; Last goal of the season: Urby Emanuelson for Fulham against Swansea City, ( 19 May 2013 ) ; Largest winning margin: 8 goals ; Chelsea 8–0 Aston Villa ( 23 December 2012 ) ; Highest scoring game: 10 goals ; Arsenal 7–3 Newcastle United ( 29 December 2012 ) ; West Bromwich Albion 5–5 Manchester United ( 19 May 2013 ) ; Most goals scored in a match by a single team: 8 goals ; Chelsea 8–0 Aston Villa ( 23 December 2012 ) ; Most goals scored in a match by a losing team: 3 goals ; Reading 3–4 Manchester United ( 1 December 2012 ) ; Swansea City 3–4 Norwich City ( 8 December 2012 ) ; Manchester United 4–3 Newcastle United ( 26 December 2012 ) ; Norwich City 3–4 Manchester City ( 29 December 2012 ) ; Arsenal 7–3 Newcastle United ( 29 December 2012 )

Prompt: Who scored the most goals in the 2012/13 English Premier League season?

Answer: Van Persie


Context: 1976 Summer Olympics |  Twenty-nine countries boycotted the Games due to the refusal of the IOC to ban New Zealand, after the New Zealand national rugby union team had toured South Africa earlier in 1976. The boycott was led by Congolese official Jean-Claude Ganga. Some of the boycotting nations (including Morocco, Cameroon and Egypt) had already participated, however, and withdrew after the first few days. Senegal and Ivory Coast were the only African countries that competed throughout the duration of the Games. Elsewhere, Burma, Iraq and Guyana also opted to join the Congolese-led boycott. South Africa had been banned from the Olympics since 1964 due to its apartheid policies. Other countries, such as El Salvador and Zaire, did not participate in Montreal for purely economic reasons.

Prompt: The 1976 Summer Olympics were boycotted by a number of African nations, for what reason?

Answer: New Zealand was included, and had recently toured its rugby team in apartheid South Africa


Context: Backgammon (video game) | " Eight different modes of playing Backgammon were included in the game, including ""Acey deucey"". A doubling cube was available in-game for use in gambling. The rolling of the dice and other gaming operations were controlled via the paddle/joystick. The game was playable in both single-player and two-player, competitive mode."

Prompt: What would be most useful in playing a game of backgammon?


Context: Shoe-banging incident |   The shoe-banging incident occurred when Nikita Khrushchev, First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, pounded his shoe on his delegate-desk in protest at a speech by Philippine delegate Lorenzo Sumulong during the 902nd Plenary Meeting of the United Nations General Assembly held in New York City on 12 October 1960. In 2003, American scholar William Taubman reported that he had interviewed some eyewitnesses who said that Khrushchev had brandished his shoe but not banged it. He also reported that no photographic or video records of the shoe-banging had been found. However, in his biography of Khrushchev, he wrote that he accepted that the shoe-banging had occurred. There is at least one fake photograph, where a shoe was added into an existing photograph.

Prompt: Who, in 1960, made international news for banging his shoe on a table in the UN?

Answer: Khrushchevian


Context: All Quiet on the Western Front |  All Quiet on the Western Front (Im Westen nichts Neues) is a novel by Erich Maria Remarque, a German veteran of World War I. The book describes the German soldiers' extreme physical and mental stress during the war, and the detachment from civilian life felt by many of these soldiers upon returning home from the front. The novel was first published in November and December 1928 in the German newspaper Vossische Zeitung and in book form in late January 1929. The book and its sequel, The Road Back (1930), were among the books banned and burned in Nazi Germany. All Quiet on the Western Front sold 2.5 million copies in 22 languages in its first 18 months in print. In 1930, the book was adapted as an Academy Award-winning film of the same name, directed by Lewis Milestone. It was adapted again in 1979 by Delbert Mann, this time as a television film starring Richard Thomas and Ernest Borgnine.

Prompt: "Which German was deprived of his nationality in 1938 mainly for writing ""All Quiet On The Western Front"" and ""The Road Back""?"

Answer: Remarque


Context: Paris in the 18th century |  counter-revolutionaries; the first to be executed by the guillotine was Collenot d'Angremont, accused of defending the Tuileries Palace against the attack of the sans-culottes; he was executed on 21 August 1792 on the place du Carousel, next to the Tuileries Palace. The King was executed on the Place de la Concorde, renamed the Place de la Revolution, on 21 January 1793. From that date until 7 June 1794, 1,221 persons, or about three a day, were guillotined on the Place de la Revolution, including Queen Marie-Antoinette on 16 October 1793. In 1794, for reasons of hygiene, the Convention had the guillotine moved to the place Saint-Antoine,

Prompt: Marie Grosholtz was under threat of execution by guillotine in the 18th century but was reprieved out of respect for her teacher, and her skills, in the art of what?

Answer: Wax figure models


Context: When You Remember Me |  Mike Mills is a teen with muscular dystrophy, whose destitute single mother placed him in a state nursing home, where he contends with being a young person in the clinic and with an abusive head nurse, while Wade Blank started ADAPT, a grassroots national disability rights group in Denver in the 1980s.

Prompt: What links US TV films about a teen with muscular dystrophy in a state nursing home, and about a Canadian super-gun designer involved with Project Babylon, with a US TV series adapted from a UK work by Michael Dobbs?

Answer: Actor Kevin Spacey


Context: Zimbabwean cricket team in Australia in 2003–04 |  Matthew Hayden recorded the highest score ever in Test cricket, at the time, with his 380 in the first innings, surpassing the 375 set by Brian Lara in Antigua a decade earlier. Lara went on to reclaim the record less than six months later, however, with his 400 not out against England.

Prompt: In October 2003, which cricketer, playing in a Test series against Zimbabwe, scored a record 380 not out?

Answer: Mathew Hayden


Context: I Married Wyatt Earp (film) |  The movie tells the story of Josie Marcus (Marie Osmond), a young opera singer from San Francisco, who heads out west, where she meets, falls in love with, and marries legendary lawman Wyatt Earp (Bruce Boxleitner).

Prompt: Dancer and actress Josie Marcus was the third wife of whom?

Answer: Wyatt Earp (lawman)


Context: Addicted to War |  The first foreign-language edition was that of Japanese, in October 2002, by political activist Yumi Kikuchi. Andreas had not thought that his book would resonate with a foreign audience.

Prompt: "When did ""addiction"" first enter the English language?"

Answer: With Shakespeare, in Henry V


Context: Microwave oven |  In 1945, the heating effect of a high-power microwave beam was accidentally discovered by Percy Spencer, an American self-taught engineer from Howland, Maine. Employed by Raytheon at the time, he noticed that microwaves from an active radar set he was working on started to melt a chocolate bar he had in his pocket. The first food deliberately cooked with Spencer's microwave oven was popcorn, and the second was an egg, which exploded in the face of one of the experimenters. To verify his finding, Spencer created a high density electromagnetic field by feeding microwave power from a magnetron into a metal box from which it had no way to escape. When food was placed in the box with the microwave energy, the temperature of the food rose rapidly. On 8 October 1945, Raytheon filed a United States patent application for Spencer's microwave cooking process, and an oven that heated food using microwave energy from a magnetron was soon placed in a Boston restaurant for testing. Another early discovery of microwave oven technology was by British scientists who in the 1950s used it to reanimate cryogenically frozen hamsters.

Prompt: What was invented in the 1940s by Percy Spencer, an American self-taught engineer from Howland, Maine, who was building magnetrons for radar sets?

Answer: Microwave cooker


Context: Anglicisation | " 2020). In some cases, a place name might appear anglicised compared with the current name, but the form being used in English is actually an older name that has since been changed. For example, Turin in the Piedmont province of Italy was named Turin in the original Piedmontese language, but is now officially known as Torino in Italian. The International Olympic Committee made the choice to regard the city officially as ""Torino"" throughout the 2006 Winter Olympics. The English and French name for Florence in Italy is closer to the original name in Latin (Florentia) than is the modern Italian name (Firenze)."

Prompt: The name of the city of Firenze in Italy is usually anglicised to what?

Answer: UN/LOCODE:ITFLR


Context: Seventh European Parliament |  was Malta with no women members at all, followed by the Czech Republic with 18%, down from 21%. From inauguration, the youngest member was Emilie Turunen of Denmark (born in 1984 making her 25) and the oldest member was Ciriaco de Mita of Italy (born 1928 making him 81). Usually the oldest member would preside over the chamber for the election of the Parliament's president. However, with concern that the far-right Jean-Marie Le Pen would be the oldest member (rather than De Mita) the rules were changed to give this role to the outgoing President.  Edward McMillan-Scott was expelled from the Conservative Party on 15 September 2009; Nikki Sinclaire was expelled from the UK Independence Party on 4 March 2010. Edward McMillan-Scott joined Liberal Democrats on 12 March 2010. Mike Nattrass left UK Independence Party on 23 June 2010.

Prompt: The oldest still operating national parliament in Europe governs which country?

Answer: IJsland


Context: English literature |  In prose, the earlier part of the period was overshadowed by the development of the English essay. Joseph Addison and Richard Steele's The Spectator established the form of the British periodical essay. However, this was also the time when the English novel was first emerging. Daniel Defoe turned from journalism and writing criminal lives for the press to writing fictional criminal lives with Roxana and Moll Flanders. He also wrote Robinson Crusoe (1719). If Addison and Steele were dominant in one type of prose, then Jonathan Swift author of the satire Gulliver's Travels was in another. In A Modest Proposal and the Drapier Letters, Swift reluctantly defended the Irish people from the predations of colonialism. This provoked riots

Prompt: "Who was King of England when Daniel Defoe published ""Robinson Crusoe"" and Jonathan Swift published ""Gulliver's Travels""?"

Answer: George the First


Context: The lady doth protest too much, methinks | "  ""The lady doth protest too much, methinks"" is a line from the play Hamlet by William Shakespeare. It is spoken by Queen Gertrude in response to the insincere overacting of a character in the play within a play created by Prince Hamlet to prove his uncle's guilt in the murder of his father, the King of Denmark. The phrase is used in everyday speech to indicate doubt of someone's sincerity, especially regarding the truth of a strong denial. A common misquotation places methinks first, as in ""methinks the lady doth protest too much""."

Prompt: """The lady doth protest too much"" is a comment on whom?"

Answer: Queen in The Mousetrap


Context: Walk on the Wild Side (Lou Reed song) | " ""Walk on the Wild Side"" is a song by Lou Reed from his second solo album, Transformer (1972). It was produced by David Bowie and Mick Ronson and released as a double A-side with ""Perfect Day"". Known as a counterculture anthem, the song received wide radio coverage and became Reed's biggest hit and signature song while touching on topics considered taboo at the time, such as transgender people, drugs, male prostitution, and oral sex. The song's lyrics, describing a series of individuals and their journeys to New York City, refer to several of the regular ""superstars"" at Andy Warhol's New York studio, the Factory; the song mentions Holly Woodlawn, Candy Darling, Joe Dallesandro, Jackie Curtis and Joe Campbell (referred to in the song by the nickname ""Sugar Plum Fairy""). In 2013, The New York Times described ""Walk on the Wild Side"" as a ""ballad of misfits and oddballs"" that ""became an unlikely cultural anthem, a siren song luring generations of people...to a New York so long forgotten as to seem imaginary"". In 2010, Rolling Stone ranked ""Walk on the Wild Side"" at number 223 in its list of the 500 greatest songs of all time."

Prompt: "What is the first line of ""Walk on the Wild Side"" by Lou Reed, released as a single in 1972?"

Answer: Holly came from Miami F L A


Context: QI |  QI (short for Quite Interesting) is a British comedy panel game television quiz show created and co-produced by John Lloyd. The series currently airs on BBC Two, is presented by Sandi Toksvig and features permanent panellist Alan Davies and three guest panellists per episode. The series was presented by Stephen Fry from its beginning in 2003 until 2016. The format of the show focuses on Davies and three other guest panellists answering questions that are extremely obscure, making it unlikely that the correct answer will be given. To compensate, the panellists are awarded points not only for the correct answer, but also for interesting ones, regardless of whether

Prompt: "Under what name are the participants in the UK TV series ""QI"" currently known?"

Answer: Bantermeisters


Context: Euterpe |  Euterpe (Εὐτέρπη, from + τέρπειν) was one of the Muses in Greek mythology, presiding over music. In late Classical times, she was named muse of lyric poetry. She has been called “Giver of delight” by ancient poets.

Prompt: According to Greek legend, who was the muse of Music?

Answer: Plectis


Context: Pyrrhic victory |  A Pyrrhic victory is a victory that inflicts such a devastating toll on the victor that it is tantamount to defeat. A Pyrrhic victory takes a heavy toll that negates any true sense of achievement or damages long-term progress. The phrase originates from a quote from Pyrrhus of Epirus, whose triumph against the Romans in the Battle of Asculum in 279 BC destroyed much of his forces, forcing the end of his campaign.

Prompt: What is a Pyrrhic victory?

Answer: "One where losses among the ""victors"" are so great as to make it barely worthwhile if at all"


Context: David Williamson | 1971 – British George Devine Award ; 1972 – Australian Writers Guild Awgie Award for best stage play and best script with The Removalists ; 1983 – appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia ; 1988 – Honorary Doctor of Letters, University of Sydney ; 1990 – Honorary Doctor of Letters, Monash University ; 1995 – Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission Drama Award for Sanctuary  ; 1996 – chosen to deliver the inaugural Andrew Olle Media Lecture ; 1996 – Honorary Doctor of Letters, Swinburne University of Technology ; 2004 – Honorary Doctor of Letters, University of Queensland ; 2005 – JC Williamson Award ; 2012 – Nominated Senior Australian of the Year

Prompt: The London production of which play by acclaimed Australian playwright, David Williamson, won him the George Devine Award, the first time for a non-UK writer?

Answer: The Removalists


Context: Socotra |   Socotra is one of the most isolated landforms on Earth of continental origin (i.e. not of volcanic origin). The archipelago was once part of the supercontinent of Gondwana and detached during the Miocene epoch, in the same set of rifting events that opened the Gulf of Aden to its northwest. The archipelago consists of the main island of Socotra (3665 km2), the three smaller islands of Abd al Kuri, Samhah and Darsa, as well as small rock outcrops like Ka'l Fir'awn and Sābūnīyah that are uninhabitable by humans but important for seabirds. The main island has three geographical terrains: the narrow coastal plains, a

Prompt: The tiny Socotra archipelago, inhabited since the early stone age and once an integral part of trade networks in the area, lies where?

Answer: 380 kilometres (240 mi) south of the Arabian Peninsula


Context: Document file format |  as PostScript and PDF have become the de facto standard for documents that a typical user should only be able to create and read, not edit. In 2001, a series of ISO/IEC standards for PDF began to be published, including the specification for PDF itself, ISO-32000. HTML is the most used and open international standard and it is also used as document file format. It has also become ISO/IEC standard (ISO 15445:2000). The default binary file format used by Microsoft Word (.doc) has become widespread de facto standard for office documents, but it is a proprietary format and is not always fully supported by other word processors.

Prompt: What is not usually a phrase for which the acronym PDF is used?

Answer: Platform Divers Float


Context: History of CNN (1980–2003) |  Cable News Network (CNN), an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by the Turner Broadcasting System division of WarnerMedia, was founded in 1980 by Ted Turner and 300 other original employees, who invested $20 million into the network. Upon its launch, CNN became the first channel to provide 24-hour television news coverage, and was the first all-news television network in the United States. This article discusses the history of CNN, beginning with the June 1980 launch of the channel.

Prompt: Cable News Network (CNN), the first channel to provide 24-hour television news coverage, was founded by Ted Turner in what year?

Answer: one thousand, nine hundred and eighty


Context: October 2009 in sports | World Championships in Antalya, Turkey: ; Men's Foil: Andrea Baldini   Zhu Jun   Peter Joppich  & Artem Sedov ; Women's Sabre: Mariel Zagunis   Olga Kharlan   Carole Vergne  & Orsolya Nagy

Prompt: In 2009 Artem Silchenko was first in the Red Bull World Series held at Antalya, Turkey & Sisikon, Switzerland in which sport?

Answer: Cliffdiving (disambiguation)


Context: Tian Shan |  Barkol ranges.  The Tian Shan are a part of the Himalayan orogenic belt, which was formed by the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates in the Cenozoic era. They are one of the longest mountain ranges in Central Asia and stretch some 2900 km eastward from Tashkent in Uzbekistan. The highest peak in the Tian Shan is Jengish Chokusu (also called Victory Peak) on the border of China. At 7439 m high, it is the highest point in Kyrgyzstan. The Tian Shan's second highest peak, Khan Tengri (Lord of the Spirits), straddles the Kazakhstan-Kyrgyzstan-China tripoint and at 7010 m is the highest point of Kazakhstan. Mountaineers class these as the two most northerly peaks

Prompt: The Himalayas and Tien Shan, or Tian Shan, lie north and south of which other major mountain range?

Answer: Mt. Kunlun


Context: Geodetic Reference System 1980 |  Geodesy is the scientific discipline that deals with the measurement and representation of the earth, its gravitational field and geodynamic phenomena (polar motion, earth tides, and crustal motion) in three-dimensional, time-varying space. The geoid is essentially the figure of the Earth abstracted from its topographic features. It is an idealized equilibrium surface of sea water, the mean sea level surface in the absence of currents, air pressure variations etc. and continued under the continental masses. The geoid, unlike the ellipsoid, is irregular and too complicated to serve as the computational surface on which to solve geometrical problems like point positioning. The geometrical separation between

Prompt: What is the name of the scientific discipline that deals with the measurement and representation of the Earth, including its gravitational field, in a three-dimensional time-varying space?

Answer: Geodetic Science


Context: King's College, Cambridge |  On 12 February 1441, King Henry VI issued letters patent founding a college at Cambridge for a rector and twelve poor scholars. This college was to be named after Saint Nicholas upon whose feast day Henry had been born. The first stone of the college's Old Court was laid by the King on Passion Sunday, 2 April 1441 on a site which lies directly north of the modern college and which was formerly a garden belonging to Trinity Hall. William Millington, a fellow of Clare College (then called Clare Hall) was installed as the rector. Henry directed the publication of the college's first governing statutes in 1443. His original modest plan for the college

Prompt: Which college was founded by Henry VI in 1440?

Answer: Eton


Context: Tav HaYosher |  The Tav HaYosher is a certification mark offered, free of charge, to Kosher food establishments that meet a series of ethical criteria developed by the organization, Uri L'Tzedek. Particularly, the Tav HaYosher confirms that an eating establishment with its seal pays minimum wage to all employees and overtime to those employees working more than 40 hours a week. It also ensures the establishment offers employees appropriate breaks as required by law, and provides a safe and abuse-free working environment. Traditional kosher certification agencies such as the Orthodox Union and Star-K offer kosher certification (known in Hebrew as a Hechsher), which confirms that the food meets the standards of kosher

Prompt: In the USA, the Tav HaYosher is a certification mark offered to establishments that do what?

Answer: Serve kosher food and treat their workers fairly


Context: Eeyore |  Eeyore is a fictional character in the Winnie-the-Pooh books by A. A. Milne. He is generally characterized as a pessimistic, gloomy, depressed, anhedonic, old grey stuffed donkey who is a friend of the title character, Winnie-the-Pooh.

Prompt: In the books by A A Milne, what was Eeyore?

Answer: Donkey


Context: Eden Project |  The Eden Project (Edenva) is a visitor attraction in Cornwall, England, UK. The project is located in a reclaimed china clay pit, located 2 km from the town of St Blazey and 5 km from the larger town of St Austell. The complex is dominated by two huge enclosures consisting of adjoining domes that house thousands of plant species, and each enclosure emulates a natural biome. The biomes consist of hundreds of hexagonal and pentagonal ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) inflated cells supported by geodesic tubular steel domes. The larger of the two biomes simulates a rainforest environment (and is the largest indoor rainforest in the world) and the second, a Mediterranean environment. The attraction also has an outside botanical garden which is home to many plants and wildlife native to Cornwall and the UK in general; it also has many plants that provide an important and interesting backstory, for example, those with a prehistoric heritage. There are plans to build an Eden Project North in the seaside town of Morecambe, Lancashire, with a focus on the marine environment.

Prompt: What complex of artificial biological environments near St Blazey and St Austell in Cornwall was opened to the public in 2001?

Answer: Eden Sessions


Context: Judi Dench |  Academy Award nominee, Dench won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance as Queen Elizabeth I in Shakespeare in Love (1998); her other Oscar-nominated roles were in Mrs Brown (1997), Chocolat (2000), Iris (2001), Mrs Henderson Presents (2005), Notes on a Scandal (2006) and Philomena (2013). She has also received many other accolades for her acting in theatre, film, and television; her other competitive awards include six British Academy Film Awards, four BAFTA TV Awards, seven Olivier Awards, two Screen Actors Guild Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, and a Tony Award. She has also received the BAFTA Fellowship in 2001, and the Special Olivier Award in 2004. In June 2011, she received a fellowship from the British Film Institute (BFI).

Prompt: "Judi Dench won an Oscar for Best Supporting Actressfor playing which character in the 1998 film ""Shakespeare in Love""?"

Answer: The Gloriana


Context: Buffy the Vampire Slayer (season 6) |  The sixth season of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer premiered on October 2, 2001, with a two-hour premiere on UPN and concluded its 22-episode season with a two-hour finale on May 21, 2002. It maintained its previous timeslot, airing Tuesdays at 8:00 pm ET. This season marked the series' network change from The WB to UPN.

Prompt: When did the US TV series, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, begin its six years of seasons?

Answer: one thousand, nine hundred and ninety-seven


Context: Sinopia |  Sinopia (also known as sinoper, named after the now Turkish city Sinop) is a dark reddish-brown natural earth pigment, whose reddish colour comes from hematite, a dehydrated form of iron oxide. It was widely used in Classical Antiquity and the Middle Ages for painting, and during the Renaissance it was often used on the rough initial layer of plaster for the underdrawing for a fresco. The word came to be used both for the pigment and for the preparatory drawing itself, which may be revealed when a fresco is stripped from its wall for transfer. During the Middle Ages sinopia in Latin and Italian came to mean simply a red ochre. It entered the English language as the word sinoper, meaning a red earth colour. Sinopia is a colour in various modern colour systems.

Prompt: Which pigment is named after an Italian city?

Answer: Sienna


Context: Chevron (insignia) |   A chevron (also spelled cheveron, especially in older documents) is a V-shaped mark, often inverted. The word is usually used in reference to a kind of fret in architecture, or to a badge or insignia used in military or police uniforms to indicate rank or length of service, or in heraldry and the designs of flags (see flag terminology).

Prompt: What shape is the chevron found in heraldry and some insignia?

Answer: Two lines joined at an angle


Context: Ringo Starr | Sentimental Journey (1970) ; Beaucoups of Blues (1970) ; Ringo (1973) ; Goodnight Vienna (1974) ; Ringo's Rotogravure (1976) ; Ringo the 4th (1977) ; Bad Boy (1978) ; Stop and Smell the Roses (1981) ; Old Wave (1983) ; Time Takes Time (1992) ; Vertical Man (1998) ; I Wanna Be Santa Claus (1999) ; Ringo Rama (2003) ; Choose Love (2005) ; Liverpool 8 (2008) ; Y Not (2010) ; Ringo 2012 (2012) ; Postcards from Paradise (2015) ; Give More Love (2017) ; What's My Name (2019) Since the breakup of the Beatles, Starr has released 20 solo studio albums:

Prompt: "Who released the albums ""Sentimental Journey"", ""Goodnight Vienna"", ""Bad Boy"", ""Old Wave"" and ""Vertical Man"" between 1970 and 1999?"

Answer: RINGO


Context: Taggart | " Taggart is a Scottish detective fiction television programme created by Glenn Chandler, who wrote many of the episodes, and made by STV Studios for the ITV network. It originally ran as the miniseries ""Killer"" from 6 until 20 September 1983, before a full series was commissioned that ran from 2 July 1985 until 7 November 2010. The series revolved around a group of detectives initially in the Maryhill CID of Strathclyde Police, though various storylines were set in other parts of Greater Glasgow and in other areas of Scotland. The team operated out of the fictional John Street police station. Mark McManus, who played the title character Jim Taggart, died in 1994. However, the series continued under the same name. Taggart was one of the UK's longest-running television dramas and the longest-running police drama after the cancellation of The Bill. The series theme music is ""No Mean City"", sung by Maggie Bell."

Prompt: "What genre is the TV series ""Taggart""?"

Answer: Detective


Context: Metatarsal bones |  The metatarsal bones, or metatarsus, are a group of five long bones in the foot, located between the tarsal bones of the hind- and mid-foot and the phalanges of the toes. Lacking individual names, the metatarsal bones are numbered from the medial side (the side of the great toe): the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth metatarsal (often depicted with Roman numerals). The metatarsals are analogous to the metacarpal bones of the hand. The lengths of the metatarsal bones in humans are, in descending order, second, third, fourth, fifth, and first.

Prompt: Where would you find the metatarsal bone?

Answer: Foot fracture