Context: Green Party (UK) |  The Green Party's origins go back to the PEOPLE Party, founded in February 1972. An interview with overpopulation expert Paul R. Ehrlich in Playboy magazine inspired a small group of professional and business people to form the 'Club of Thirteen', so named because it first met on 13 October 1972 in Daventry. This included surveyors and property agents Freda Sanders and Michael Benfield, Jitendrakumar Patel (1950-2016) and husband-and-wife solicitors Lesley and Tony Whittaker (a former Kenilworth councillor for the Conservative Party), all with practices in Coventry. Many in this 'club' were wary of forming a political party; so, after a few weeks, in November

Prompt: What was the former name of the British Green Party?

Answer: Green Party of the United Kingdom


Context: United Kingdom general elections overview |  This period saw just five prime ministers, with Margaret Thatcher and Tony Blair the two longest serving post-World War II prime ministers in the UK (the other prime ministers during this period being John Major, Gordon Brown and David Cameron). There was also a mini-revival of the Liberal Party which, after a merger with the Social Democratic Party became the Liberal Democrats and increased their seats in parliament from 11 in the 1979 election to 62 in 2005. Following their victory in 1979, the Conservatives were also successful in the subsequent three general elections, resulting in 18 years of continuous

Prompt: Who were the two prime ministers of Britain during World War II?

Answer: Neville Chamberlain and Winston Churchill


Context: Plurality voting |  Plurality voting is an electoral system in which a candidate, or candidates, who poll more than any other counterpart (that is, receive a plurality), are elected. In a system based on single-member districts, it elects just one member per district and may be called first-past-the-post (FPTP), single-choice voting, simple plurality or relative/simple majority. In a system based on multi-seat districts, it elects multiple candidates in a district and may be referred to as winner-takes-all, bloc voting or plurality block voting. The system is still used to elect members of a legislative assembly or executive officers in only a handful of countries in the world. It is used in most

Prompt: "What is the more common name of the ""simple plurality"" system of voting?"

Answer: First-past-the-post electoral system


Context: Nicolas Chauvin |  Nicolas Chauvin is a legendary, possibly apocryphal or fictional French soldier and patriot who is supposed to have served in the First Army of the French Republic and later in La Grande Armée of Napoleon. His name is the eponym of chauvinism, originally a term for excessive nationalistic fervor, but later used to refer to any form of bigotry or bias (e.g., male chauvinism). According to the stories that developed about him, Chauvin was born in Rochefort around 1780. He enlisted at age 18, and he served honorably and well. He is said to have been wounded 17 times in his nation's service, resulting in his severe disfigurement and maiming. For his loyalty and dedication, Napoleon himself presented the soldier with a Sabre of Honor and a pension of 200 francs. Chauvin's distinguished record of service and his love and devotion for Napoleon, which endured despite the price he willingly paid for them, is said to have earned him only ridicule and derision in Restoration France, when Bonapartism became increasingly unpopular.

Prompt: What word for unthinking patriotism is derived from the name of one of Napoleon's admirers?

Answer: Chauvinist pig


Context: Boulton and Watt |  Boulton & Watt was an early British engineering and manufacturing firm in the business of designing and making marine and stationary steam engines. Founded in the English West Midlands around Birmingham in 1775 as a partnership between the English manufacturer Matthew Boulton and the Scottish engineer James Watt, the firm had a major role in the Industrial Revolution and grew to be a major producer of steam engines in the 19th century.

Prompt: Which builder of steam engines formed a successful partnership with Matthew Boulton?

Answer: James Watt (inventor)


Context: Édith Piaf | " Édith Piaf (,, ; born Édith Giovanna Gassion, ; 19 December 1915– 10 October 1963) was a French singer noted as France's national chanteuse and one of the country's most widely known international stars. Piaf's music was often autobiographical, and she specialized in chanson and torch ballads about love, loss and sorrow. Her most widely known songs include ""La Vie en rose"" (1946), ""Non, je ne regrette rien"" (1960), ""Hymne à l'amour"" (1949), ""Milord"" (1959), ""La Foule"" (1957), ""L'Accordéoniste"" (1940), and ""Padam, padam..."" (1951). Since her death in 1963, several biographies and films have studied her life, including 2007's La Vie en rose. Piaf has become one of the most celebrated performers of the 20th century."

Prompt: What was the nickname of the French singer Edith Piaf?

Answer: Little Sparrow


Context: Flag of the United States | January: 1 (New Year's Day), third Monday of the month (Martin Luther King Jr. Day), and 20 (Inauguration Day, once every four years, which, by tradition, is postponed to the 21st if the 20th falls on a Sunday) ; February: 12 (Lincoln's birthday) and the third Monday (legally known as Washington's Birthday but more often called Presidents' Day) ; March–April: Easter Sunday (date varies) ; May: Second Sunday (Mothers Day), third Saturday (Armed Forces Day), and last Monday (Memorial Day; half-staff until noon) ; June: 14 (Flag Day), third Sunday (Father's Day) ; July: 4 (Independence Day) ; September: First Monday (Labor Day), 17 (Constitution Day), and last Sunday (Gold Star Mother's Day) ; October: Second Monday (Columbus Day) and 27 (Navy Day) ; November: 11 (Veterans Day) and fourth Thursday (Thanksgiving Day) ; December: 25 (Christmas Day) ; and such other days as may be proclaimed by the President of the United States; the birthdays of states (date of admission); and on state holidays. The flag should especially be displayed at full staff on the following days:

Prompt: Whose birthday is celebrated by a public holiday on the third Monday in January in the USA?

Answer: The Reverend Doctor Martin Luther King, Junior


Context: Lignite |  Lignite, often referred to as brown coal, is a soft, brown, combustible, sedimentary rock formed from naturally compressed peat. It has a carbon content around 25–35%, and is considered the lowest rank of coal due to its relatively low heat content. Lignite is mined all around the world and is used almost exclusively as a fuel for steam-electric power generation. The combustion of lignite produces less heat for the amount of carbon dioxide and sulfur released than other ranks of coal. As a result, environmental advocates have characterized lignite as the most harmful coal to human health.

Prompt: What type of coal is brown and fibrous?

Answer: Xyloid coal


Context: Glass production |  result of the glass melting process. Manipulating the batch formula can effect some limited mitigation of this; alternatively exhaust plume scrubbing can be used. The raw materials for glass-making are all dusty material and are delivered either as a powder or as a fine-grained material. Systems for controlling dusty materials tend to be difficult to maintain, and given the large amounts of material moved each day, only a small amount has to escape for there to be a dust problem. Cullet (broken or waste glass) is also moved about in a glass factory and tends to produce fine glass particles when shovelled or broken.

Prompt: What raw material is used for making glass?

Answer: Sandiest


Context: Truffle | " A truffle is the fruiting body of a subterranean ascomycete fungus, predominantly one of the many species of the genus Tuber. In addition to Tuber, many other genera of fungi are classified as truffles including Geopora, Peziza, Choiromyces, Leucangium, and over a hundred others. These genera belong to the class Pezizomycetes and the Pezizales order. Several truffle-like basidiomycetes are excluded from Pezizales, including Rhizopogon and Glomus. Truffles are ectomycorrhizal fungi, so are usually found in close association with tree roots. Spore dispersal is accomplished through fungivores, animals that eat fungi. These fungi have significant ecological roles in nutrient cycling and drought tolerance. Some of the truffle species are highly prized as food. French gastronome Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin called truffles ""the diamond of the kitchen"". Edible truffles are used in French and numerous national haute cuisines. Truffles are cultivated and harvested from natural environments."

Prompt: What kind of an organism is a truffle?

Answer: Fungus kingdom


Context: Wall stress relaxation | " The plant cell wall is made up of hydrated polymetric material, allowing it to have viscoelastic properties. The primary cell wall of a plant consists of cellulose fibers, hemicellulose, and xyloglucans. This load bearing network is also surrounded by pectins and glycoproteins. Wall stress relaxation is an important factor in cell wall expansion. Wall stress (measured in force per unit area) is created in response to the plant cell's turgor pressure. Turgor pressure creates tension in the cell walls of plants, fungi, and bacteria, as it opposes the pressure of the cell's primary cell wall; this also allows for stretching of the cell wall. The stretching of the cell wall, or the reduction of stress, occurs as a result of cell expansion and rearrangement. Cell expansion is crucial for the reshaping and rearranging of plant cells. Expansion is the result of ""creep"", or selective wall loosening, which is driven by turgor pressure. During this ""creep"", cellulose microfibers move relative to each other creating an irreversible extension"

Prompt: What is the name of the strong material found in plant cell walls?

Answer: E460


Context: Condensation |   Condensation is   the change of the state of matter from the gas phase into the liquid phase, and is the reverse of vaporization. The word most often refers to the water cycle. It can also be defined as the change in the state of water vapor to liquid water when in contact with a liquid or solid surface or cloud condensation nuclei within the atmosphere. When the transition happens from the gaseous phase into the solid phase directly, the change is called deposition.

Prompt: What name is given to the change of state from liquid to gas?

Answer: Evaporating


Context: Division by zero | " The four basic operations – addition, subtraction, multiplication and division – as applied to whole numbers (positive integers), with some restrictions, in elementary arithmetic are used as a framework to support the extension of the realm of numbers to which they apply. For instance, to make it possible to subtract any whole number from another, the realm of numbers must be expanded to the entire set of integers in order to incorporate the negative integers. Similarly, to support division of any integer by any other, the realm of numbers must expand to the rational numbers. During this gradual expansion of the number system, care is taken to ensure that the ""extended operations"", when "

Prompt: Which branch of science has four fundamental principles: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.


Context: Force |  Friction is a surface force that opposes relative motion. The frictional force is directly related to the normal force that acts to keep two solid objects separated at the point of contact. There are two broad classifications of frictional forces: static friction and kinetic friction. The static friction force ( is the coefficient of kinetic friction. For most surface interfaces, the coefficient of kinetic friction is less than the coefficient of static friction.

Prompt: What is the force that opposes the relative motion of two bodies that are in contact?

Answer: Frictional Force


Context: Common ostrich |  from far away. When being pursued by a predator, they have been known to reach speeds in excess of 70 km/h and can maintain a steady speed of 50 km/h, which makes the common ostrich the world's fastest two-legged animal. When lying down and hiding from predators, the birds lay their heads and necks flat on the ground, making them appear like a mound of earth from a distance, aided by the heat haze in their hot, dry habitat. When threatened, common ostriches run away, but they can cause serious injury and death with kicks from their powerful legs. Their legs can only kick forward.

Prompt: What is the fastest animal on two legs?

Answer: Ostrich farms


Context: Plant morphology |  The primary function of pigments in plants is photosynthesis, which uses the green pigment chlorophyll along with several red and yellow pigments that help to capture as much light energy as possible. Pigments are also an important factor in attracting insects to flowers to encourage pollination. Plant pigments include a variety of different kinds of molecule, including porphyrins, carotenoids, anthocyanins and betalains. All biological pigments selectively absorb certain wavelengths of light while reflecting others. The light that is absorbed may be used by the plant to power chemical reactions, while the reflected wavelengths of light determine the color the pigment will appear to the eye.

Prompt: What is the green pigment used by plants to trap sunlight?

Answer: C55H70O6N4Mg


Context: Ethnoornithology | " Ethnoornithology (also ethno-ornithology) is the study of the relationship between people and birds (from ""ethno-"" - relating to people and culture - and ""ornithology"" - the study of birds). It is a branch of ethnozoology and so of the wider field of ethnobiology. Ethnoornithology is an interdisciplinary subject and combines anthropological, cognitive and linguistic perspectives with natural scientific approaches to the description and interpretation of people's knowledge and use of birds. Like ethnoscience and other cognate terms, ""ethnoornithology"" is sometimes used narrowly to refer to people's practice rather than the study of that practice. The broader focus is on how birds are perceived, used and managed in human societies, including their use for food, medicine and personal adornment, as well as their use in divination and ritual. Applied ethnoornithological research is also starting to play an increasingly important role in the development of conservation initiatives."

Prompt: What id the name given to the study of birds?

Answer: Ornothology


Context: American alligator |  The American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis), sometimes referred to colloquially as a gator or common alligator, is a large crocodilian reptile native to the Southeastern United States. It is one of two extant species in the genus Alligator within the family Alligatoridae; it is larger than the only other living alligator species, the Chinese alligator. The American alligator is the biggest reptile in North America. Adult male American alligators measure 3.4 to 4.6 m in length, and can weigh up to 453 kg. Females are smaller, measuring 2.6 to 3 m in length. The American alligator inhabits subtropical and tropical freshwater wetlands, such as marshes and cypress swamps, from southern Texas to North Carolina. It

Prompt: Of which reptile are there only two species, one living in the Mississippi and the other in China?

Answer: Alligator


Context: Alginic acid |  Alginates are refined from brown seaweeds. Throughout the world, many of the Phaeophyceae class brown seaweeds are harvested to be processed and converted into sodium alginate. Sodium alginate is used in many industries including food, animal food, fertilisers, textile printing, and pharmaceuticals. Dental impression material uses alginate as its means of gelling. Food grade alginate is an approved ingredient in processed and manufactured foods. Brown seaweeds range in size from the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera which can be 20–40 meters long, to thick, leather-like seaweeds from 2–4 m long, to smaller species 30–60 cm long. Most brown seaweed used for alginates are gathered from the wild, with the exception of Laminaria japonica, which is cultivated in China for food and its surplus material is diverted to the alginate industry in China. Alginates from different species of brown seaweed vary in their chemical structure resulting in

Prompt: What type of seaweed grows up to 100 meters in length, and is farmed for its alginates?

Answer: Laminariales


Context: Myoglobin |  Myoglobin (symbol Mb or MB) is an iron- and oxygen-binding protein found in the cardiac and skeletal muscle tissue of vertebrates in general and in almost all mammals. Myoglobin is distantly related to hemoglobin. Compared to hemoglobin, myoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen and does not have cooperative binding with oxygen like hemoglobin does. In humans, myoglobin is only found in the bloodstream after muscle injury. High concentrations of myoglobin in muscle cells allow organisms to hold their breath for a longer period of time. Diving mammals such as whales and seals have muscles with particularly high abundance of myoglobin. Myoglobin is found in Type I muscle, Type II A, and Type II B, but most texts consider myoglobin not to be found in smooth muscle. Myoglobin was the first protein to have its three-dimensional structure

Prompt: Where in a vertebrate would you find the protein myoglobin?

Answer: Muscle tissue


Context: Polysaccharide |  The structural components of plants are formed primarily from cellulose. Wood is largely cellulose and lignin, while paper and cotton are nearly pure cellulose. Cellulose is a polymer made with repeated glucose units bonded together by beta-linkages. Humans and many animals lack an enzyme to break the beta-linkages, so they do not digest cellulose. Certain animals such as termites can digest cellulose, because bacteria possessing the enzyme are present in their gut. Cellulose is insoluble in water. It does not change color when mixed with iodine. On hydrolysis, it yields glucose. It is the most abundant carbohydrate in nature.

Prompt: What is the most abundant substance in the plant kingdom, which no mammal produces the enzyme to digest?

Answer: E460


Context: Stratiomyidae |  The soldier flies (Stratiomyidae, sometimes misspelled as Stratiomyiidae, from Greek στρατιώτης - soldier; μυια - fly) are a family of flies (historically placed in the now-obsolete group Orthorrhapha). The family contains over 2,700 species in over 380 extant genera worldwide. Adults are found near larval habitats, which are found in a wide array of locations, mostly in wetlands, damp places in soil, sod, under bark, in animal excrement, and in decaying organic matter. The Stratiomyinae are a different subgroup that tends to have an affinity to aquatic environments. They are diverse in size and shape, though they commonly are partly or wholly metallic green, or somewhat wasplike mimics, marked with black and yellow or green and sometimes metallic. They are often rather inactive flies which typically rest with their wings placed one above the other over the abdomen.

Prompt: Which family of insects has species named 'drivers', 'weavers', 'and even individuals called 'soldiers'?

Answer: History of ants


Context: Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour | infobox name: Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour ; abbreviation: ASAB ; formation: January 1, 1936 ; location: London ; key_people: Pat Monaghan Jane Hurst Julian Huxley Geoffrey Matthews Christopher J. Barnard ; website: asab.org

Prompt: What name is given to the study of animal behavior?

Answer: Animal behavior


Context: Moss |  More recently, mosses have been grouped with the liverworts and hornworts in the division Bryophyta (bryophytes, or Bryophyta sensu lato). The bryophyte division itself contains three (former) divisions: Bryophyta (mosses), Marchantiophyta (liverworts) and Anthocerotophyta (hornworts); it has been proposed that these latter divisions are de-ranked to the classes Bryopsida, Marchantiopsida, and Anthocerotopsida, respectively. The mosses and liverworts are now considered to belong to a clade called Setaphyta. The mosses, (Bryophyta sensu stricto), are divided into eight classes: Six of the eight classes contain only one or two genera each. Polytrichopsida includes 23 genera, and Bryopsida includes the majority of moss diversity with over 95% of moss

Prompt: Mosses are classified as belonging to which part of the plant kingdom?

Answer: Bryophyta (disambiguation)


Context: Western gray squirrel | " Squirrel nests are called dreys and can be seen in trees, built from sticks and leaves wrapped with long strands of grass. There are two stick nest types made by the western gray squirrel: the first is a large, round, covered shelter nest for winter use, birthing, and rearing young. The second is more properly termed a ""sleeping platform,"" a base for seasonal or temporary use. Both types are built with sticks and twigs and are lined with leaves, moss, lichens and shredded bark. The birthing nest may be lined with tail hair. The nest may measure 43 to 91 cm by up to 46 cm and is usually found in the top third of the tree. Young or traveling squirrels will also "

Prompt: Which rodent rears its young, called kittens, in a nest called a drey?

Answer: Skiouros


Context: Leaf |  (for instance, poison ivy). Pinnatifid: Pinnately dissected to the central vein, but with the leaflets not entirely separate; for example, Polypodium, some Sorbus (whitebeams). In pinnately veined leaves the central vein is known as the midrib.  Two basic forms of leaves can be described considering the way the blade (lamina) is divided. A simple leaf has an undivided blade. However, the leaf may be dissected to form lobes, but the gaps between lobes do not reach to the main vein. A compound leaf has a fully subdivided blade, each leaflet of the blade being separated along a main or secondary vein. The leaflets may have

Prompt: What has a central vein called a midrib?

Answer: Adaxial


Context: Fooled By Nature | Beavers build dams to store food for the winter. ; Sexton beetles use dead animals to raise their young. ; Cave swiftlets build their nests out of their saliva. ; Termites build non stop. ; The Lungfish can survive for years in a cocoon

Prompt: Which mammal constructs a lodge in which to store food, rear young, and pass the winter?

Answer: Beaverdams


Context: Plantesamfund | Hydrophyte - An aquatic plant; a plant which lives and grows in water. ; Mesophyte - A name given to plants which grow naturally in conditions of intermediate soil moisture. ; Xerophyte - A plant that is able to grow where the water supply is small. Xerophytes are plants that are able to control the loss of water from their aërial parts. Xerophytes employ many different tools to control the loss of water, such as; waxy deposits, varnish, or mineral crusts on the epidermis; reduction of air spaces; storage organs; thick-walled epidermis; and cork in woody plants. Some xerophytes are annual plants that grow quickly during the rainy season. ; Halophyte - A plant which grows in salt-impregnated soils. In ‘Plantesamfund’, Warming coined the words hydrophyte, mesophyte, xerophyte and halophyte.

Prompt: What is the generic word for plants that grow in water or water-logged conditions?

Answer: Hydrophyte


Context: Wisdom tooth | " Although formally known as third molars, the common name is wisdom teeth because they appear so late – much later than the other teeth, at an age where people are presumably ""wiser"" than as a child, when the other teeth erupt. The term probably came as a translation of the Latin dens sapientiae. Their eruption has been known to cause dental issues for millennia; it was noted at least as far back as Aristotle: ""The last teeth to come in man are molars called 'wisdom-teeth', which come at the age of twenty years, in the case of both sexes. Cases have been known in women upwards of eighty years old where at the very close of life the wisdom-teeth "

Prompt: Which teeth are the third molars, and are always the last to0 erupt?

Answer: Wisdom-tooth


Context: Homeostasis |  Blood sugar levels are regulated within fairly narrow limits. In mammals the primary sensors for this are the beta cells of the pancreatic islets. The beta cells respond to a rise in the blood sugar level by secreting insulin into the blood, and simultaneously inhibiting their neighboring alpha cells from secreting glucagon into the blood. This combination (high blood insulin levels and low glucagon levels) act on effector tissues, chief of which are the liver, fat cells and muscle cells. The liver is inhibited from producing glucose, taking it up instead, and converting it to glycogen and triglycerides. The glycogen is stored in the liver, but the triglycerides are secreted into the blood as very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles which are taken up by adipose tissue,

Prompt: What is secreted by the pancreas to regulate blood sugar levels?

Answer: Insulin antagonists


Context: Heart |  The heart has four chambers, two upper atria, the receiving chambers, and two lower ventricles, the discharging chambers. The atria open into the ventricles via the atrioventricular valves, present in the atrioventricular septum. This distinction is visible also on the surface of the heart as the coronary sulcus. There is an ear-shaped structure in the upper right atrium called the right atrial appendage, or auricle, and another in the upper left atrium, the left atrial appendage. The right atrium and the right ventricle together are sometimes referred to as the right heart. Similarly, the left atrium and the left ventricle together are sometimes referred to as the left heart. The ventricles are separated from each

Prompt: How many chambers has the heart?

Answer: Four


Context: Buttock augmentation |  (ii) the superior portion of the iliotibial tract (a long, fibrous reinforcement of the deep fascia lata of the thigh). The left and the right gluteus maximus muscles (the butt cheeks) are vertically divided by the intergluteal cleft (the butt-crack) which contains the anus. The gluteus maximus muscle is a large and very thick muscle (6–7 cm) located on the sacrum, which is the large, triangular bone located at the base of the vertebral column, and at the upper- and back-part of the pelvic cavity, where it is inserted (like a wedge) between the two hip bones. The upper part of the sacrum is connected to the final lumbar vertebra

Prompt: What is the name of the large buttock and thigh muscle?

Answer: Gluteus maximus muscles


Context: Menstrual cycle | " Around day fourteen, the egg is released from the ovary. Called ""ovulation"", this occurs when a mature egg is released from the ovarian follicles into the fallopian tube, about 10–12 hours after the peak in LH surge. Typically only one of the 15–20 stimulated follicles reaches full maturity, and just one egg is released. Ovulation only occurs in around 10% of cycles during the first two years following menarche, and by the age of 40–50, the number of ovarian follicles is depleted. LH initiates ovulation at around day 14 and stimulates the formation of the corpus luteum. Following further stimulation by LH, the corpus luteum produces and releases estrogen, progesterone, relaxin (which relaxes the uterus by inhibiting contractions of "

Prompt: When the egg is released from the ovary, what is left behind?

Answer: Corpora lutea


Context: Artificial cardiac pacemaker |  A cardiac pacemaker (or artificial pacemaker, so as not to be confused with the natural pacemaker of the heart), is a medical device that generates electrical impulses delivered by electrodes to cause the heart muscle chambers (the upper, or atria and/or the lower, or ventricles) to contract and therefore pump blood; by doing so this device replaces and/or regulates the function of the electrical conduction system of the heart. The primary purpose of a pacemaker is to maintain an adequate heart rate, either because the heart's natural pacemaker is not fast enough, or because there is a block in the

Prompt: What is the scientific name for the heart's pacemaker?

Answer: Sinoatrial


Context: Progestogen (medication) |  The recognition of progesterone's ability to suppress ovulation during pregnancy spawned a search for a similar hormone that could bypass the problems associated with administering progesterone (e.g. low bioavailability when administered orally and local irritation and pain when continually administered parenterally) and, at the same time, serve the purpose of controlling ovulation. The many synthetic hormones that resulted are known as progestins. The first orally active progestin, ethisterone (pregneninolone, 17α-ethynyltestosterone), the C17α ethynyl analogue of testosterone, was synthesized in 1938 from dehydroandrosterone by ethynylation, either before or after oxidation of the C3 hydroxyl group, followed by rearrangement of the C5(6) double bond to the C4(5) position. The synthesis was designed by chemists Hans Herloff Inhoffen, Willy Logemann, Walter Hohlweg and Arthur Serini at Schering

Prompt: Which hormone helps control ovulation?

Answer: Receptors, lh


Context: Atmosphere of Mars |  N2 is the second most abundant gas in the Martian atmosphere. It has a mean volume ratio of 2.6%. Various measurements showed that the Martian atmosphere is enriched in 15N. The enrichment of heavy isotope of nitrogen is possibly caused by mass-selective escape processes.

Prompt: What is the second most common gas in the atmosphere?

Answer: Oxyjunn


Context: Phosphorus cycle |   Eutrophication is an enrichment of water by nutrient that lead to structural changes to the aquatic ecosystem such as algae bloom, deoxygenation, reduction of fish species. The primary source that contributes to the eutrophication is considered as nitrogen and phosphorus. When these two elements exceed the capacity of the water body, eutrophication occurs. Phosphorus that enters lakes will accumulate in the sediments and the biosphere, it also can be recycled from the sediments and the water system. Drainage water from agricultural land also carries phosphorus and nitrogen. Since a large amount of phosphorus is in the soil contents, so the overuse of fertilizers and over-enrichment with nutrients will lead to increasing the amount of phosphorus concentration in agricultural runoff. When eroded soil enters the lake, both phosphorus and the nitrogen in the soil contribute to eutrophication, and erosion caused by deforestation which also results from uncontrolled planning and urbanization.

Prompt: What is the term for nutrient enrichment of lakes?

Answer: Eutrophication


Context: Tripedalism |  There are some three-legged creatures in the world today, namely four-legged animals (such as pet dogs and cats) who have had one limb amputated. With proper medical treatment most of these injured animals can go on to live fairly normal lives, despite being artificially tripedal. There are also cases of mutations or birth abnormalities in animals (including humans) which have resulted in three legs.

Prompt: Five-legged creatures have damaged which 1250 mile long wonder of the world?

Answer: Great Barrier Reef


Context: Mineral spring |   Mineral springs are naturally occurring springs that produces hard water, water that contains dissolved minerals. Salts, sulfur compounds, and gases are among the substances that can be dissolved in the spring water during its passage underground. In this they are unlike sweet springs, which produce soft water with no noticeable dissolved gasses. The dissolved minerals may alter the water's taste. Mineral water obtained from mineral springs, and the precipitated salts, have long been an important commercial product (e.g. Epsom salts). Some mineral springs may contain significant amounts of harmful dissolved minerals, such as arsenic, and should not be drunk. Sulfur springs smell of rotten eggs due to hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which is hazardous and sometimes deadly. It is a gas, and it usually

Prompt: Which radioactive substance sometimes occurs naturally in spring water?

Answer: Thoron


Context: Earth's circumference |  Earth's circumference is the distance around Earth. Measured around the Equator, it is 40075.017 km. Measured around the poles, the circumference is 40007.863 km. Measurement of Earth's circumference has been important to navigation since ancient times. The first known scientific measurement and calculation was done by Eratosthenes, who achieved a great degree of precision in his computation. Treated as a sphere, determining Earth's circumference would be its single most important measurement. Earth deviates from spherical by about 0.3%, as characterized by flattening. In modern times, Earth's circumference has been used to define fundamental units of measurement of length: the nautical mile in the seventeenth century and the metre in

Prompt: What is the approximate circumference of the earth?

Answer: 24,900 miles


Context: Humane Society International Australia | " HSI Australia publicly criticizes Japanese whaling and the Western Australian shark cull. The organisation is a member of the Antarctic Ocean Alliance. HSI Australia's initial legal action against Japan's scientific whaling led to an International Court of Justice (ICJ) case, which ruled in March 2014 that Japan's plan lacked scientific merit. Following the announcement of Japan's ""Newrep-A"" plan, scheduled to commence in December 2015, senior program officer Alexia Wellbelove stated: ""It is now time that Japan listened to international public opinion and consigned their so-called research program and plans to resume commercial whaling to history where it belongs."" HSI Australia is against the use of lethal shark control measures within Australia, and has spoken out about the lack of scientific evidence behind the use of such practices as a mitigation strategy. HSI Australia also campaigned alongside its international counterparts to ban the Canadian seal hunt, and is pushing for an end to the trade."

Prompt: What is the name of the organization which controls whaling?

Answer: The International Whaling Commission or IWC


Context: Biosphere 2 |  seven biome areas were a 1900 m2 rainforest, an 850 m2 ocean with a coral reef, a 450 m2 mangrove wetlands, a 1,300 m2 savannah grassland, a 1400 m2 fog desert, and two anthropogenic biomes: a 2500 m2 agricultural system and a human habitat with living spaces, laboratories and workshops. Below ground was an extensive part of the technical infrastructure. Heating and cooling water circulated through independent piping systems and passive solar input through the glass space frame panels covering most of the facility, and electrical power was supplied into Biosphere 2 from an onsite natural gas energy center. Biosphere 2 was only used twice for its original intended purposes

Prompt: How large is the area seated within the project BioSphere 2?

Answer: three point five  distance


Context: Carton |  Carton-pierre was a material used for the making of raised ornaments for wall and ceiling decoration. It is composed of the pulp of paper mixed with whiting (ground calcium carbonate) and glue, this being forced into plaster moulds backed with paper, and then removed to a drying room to harden. It is much stronger and lighter than common plaster-of-Paris ornaments, and is not so liable to chip or break if struck with anything.

Prompt: Which common mineral is used to make casts, moulds, blackboard chalk and plaster of Paris?

Answer: CaSO4·2H2O


Context: History of subatomic physics |  The idea that all matter is composed of elementary particles dates to as far as the 6th century BC. The Jains in ancient India were the earliest to advocate the particular nature of material objects between 9th and 5th century BCE. According to Jain leaders like Parshvanatha and Mahavira, the ajiva (non living part of universe) consists of matter or pudgala, of definite or indefinite shape which is made up tiny uncountable and invisible particles called permanu. Permanu occupies space-point and each permanu has definite colour, smell, taste and texture. Infinite varieties of permanu unite and form pudgala. The philosophical doctrine of atomism and the nature of elementary particles were also studied by ancient Greek philosophers such as Leucippus, Democritus, and Epicurus; ancient Indian philosophers such as Kanada, Dignāga, and Dharmakirti; Muslim scientists

Prompt: What name was given to the invisible material once thought to occupy all space?

Answer: Alkoxyalkane


Context: Non-standard cosmology | " The Steady State theory extends the homogeneity assumption of the cosmological principle to reflect a homogeneity in time as well as in space. This ""perfect cosmological principle"" as it would come to be called asserted that the universe looks the same everywhere (on the large scale), the same as it always has and always will. This is in contrast to Lambda-CDM, in which the universe looked very different in the past and will look very different in the future. Steady State theory was proposed in 1948 by Fred Hoyle, Thomas Gold, Hermann Bondi and others. In order to maintain the perfect cosmological principle in an expanding universe, steady "

Prompt: What is the name of the theory that the universe appears the same wherever and whenever viewed?

Answer: Steady state theory


Context: Black hole |   A black hole is a region of spacetime where gravity is so strong that nothing — no particles or even electromagnetic radiation such as light — can escape from it. The theory of general relativity predicts that a sufficiently compact mass can deform spacetime to form a black hole. The boundary of no escape is called the event horizon. Although it has an enormous effect on the fate and circumstances of an object crossing it, according to general relativity it has no locally detectable features. In many ways, a black hole acts like an ideal black body, as it reflects no light. Moreover, quantum field theory in curved spacetime predicts that event horizons emit Hawking

Prompt: From which areas of space can there be no escape?

Answer: History of black holes


Context: August 1946 | Neil Armstrong of Wapakoneta, Ohio, who on July 20, 1969, would be the first man to walk on the moon, earned his student pilot's certificate on his 16th birthday, learning on an Aeronca Champion airplane. ; Born: Shirley Ann Jackson, Chair of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the first African-American woman to earn a Ph.D. in physics; in Washington, D.C.

Prompt: Who was the first man to walk on the Moon?

Answer: That's one small step for a man one giant leap for mankind


Context: Proteus (moon) |  Proteus is the second-largest moon of Neptune and is the largest of its regular prograde moons. It is about 420 km in diameter, larger than Nereid, Neptune's third-largest moon. It was not discovered by Earth-based telescopes because Proteus orbits so close to Neptune that it is lost in the glare of reflected sunlight.

Prompt: Proteus and Nereid are moons of which planet?

Answer: 8th planet


Context: Milky Way | " The Milky Way is the galaxy that includes our Solar System, with the name describing the galaxy's appearance from Earth: a hazy band of light seen in the night sky formed from stars that cannot be individually distinguished by the naked eye. The term Milky Way is a translation of the Latin via lactea, from the Greek γαλακτικός κύκλος (galaktikos kýklos), meaning ""milky circle."" From Earth, the Milky Way appears as a band because its disk-shaped structure is viewed from within. Galileo Galilei first resolved the band of light into individual stars with his telescope in 1610. Until the early 1920s, most astronomers thought that the Milky Way "

Prompt: What is the Milky Way?

Answer: Age of the Milky Way


Context: Two-body problem in general relativity |  a more general geometry, pseudo-Riemannian geometry, to allow for the curvature of space and time that was necessary for the reconciliation; after eight years of work (1907–1915), he succeeded in discovering the precise way in which space-time should be curved in order to reproduce the physical laws observed in Nature, particularly gravitation. Gravity is distinct from the fictitious forces centrifugal force and coriolis force in the sense that the curvature of spacetime is regarded as physically real, whereas the fictitious forces are not regarded as forces. The very first solutions of his field equations explained the anomalous precession of Mercury and predicted an unusual bending of light, which was confirmed after his theory was published. These solutions are explained below.

Prompt: Which force is nothing more than the bending of space and time?

Answer: Gravitational physics


Context: HD 64440 |  HD 64440, also known as a Puppis, is a spectroscopic binary star in the constellation Puppis. Its apparent magnitude is 3.71. Located around 108 pc distant, the primary is a bright giant of spectral type K1.5II and the secondary is an early A-type star. They orbit with a period just under 7 years and eccentricity 0.38.

Prompt: Which star is as bright as 23 Suns, and is orbited by the Pup?

Answer: Gliese 244 A


Context: Secondary color | " For the human eye, good primary colors of light are red, green, and blue. Combining lights of these colors produces a large range of visible colors. That is, the primary and secondary RGB colors (with secondary colors in boldface) are: Combining RGB colors means adding light (thus the term ""additive color""), and the combinations are brighter. When all three primaries are combined in equal amounts, the result is white. The RGB secondary colors produced by the addition of light turn out to be good primary colors for pigments, the mixing of which subtracts light."

Prompt: What are the three primary colours of light?

Answer: Red, Blue and Green


Context: Geography and wealth |  and population. The continents along the equator, Africa. Even within Africa this effect can be seen, as the nations farthest from the equator are wealthier. In Africa, the wealthiest nations are the three on the southern tip of the continent, South Africa, Botswana, and Namibia, and the countries of North Africa. Similarly, in South America, Argentina, Southern Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay have long been the wealthiest. Within Asia, Indonesia, located on the equator, is among the poorest. Within Central Asia, Kazakhstan is wealthier than other former Soviet Republics which border it to the south, like Uzbekistan. The wealthiest nations of the world with the highest standard of living tend to be those at

Prompt: Which three South American countries does the Equator cross?

Answer: Brazil, Colombia and Ecuador


Context: Oprah Winfrey |  Winfrey co-starred in Steven Spielberg's The Color Purple (1985), as distraught housewife Sofia. She was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance. The Alice Walker novel later became a Broadway musical which opened in late 2005, with Winfrey credited as a producer. In October 1998, Winfrey produced and starred in the film Beloved, based on Toni Morrison's Pulitzer Prize–winning novel of the same name. To prepare for her role as Sethe, the protagonist and former slave, Winfrey experienced a 24-hour simulation of the experience of slavery, which included being tied up and blindfolded and left alone in the woods. Despite major advertising, including two episodes of her talk show

Prompt: In what film did Oprah Winfrey make her big screen acting debut?

Answer: The Colour Purple


Context: Period 1 element |  with superconductivity. Helium is the second lightest element and is the second most abundant in the observable universe. Most helium was formed during the Big Bang, but new helium is being created as a result of the nuclear fusion of hydrogen in stars. On Earth, helium is relatively rare and is created by the natural decay of some radioactive elements because the alpha particles that are emitted consist of helium nuclei. This radiogenic helium is trapped with natural gas in concentrations of up to seven percent by volume, from which it is extracted commercially by a low-temperature separation process called fractional distillation.

Prompt: What is the second lightest chemical element?

Answer: Solid Helium


Context: Square root of 2 |  In 1997 the value of √2 was calculated to 137,438,953,444 decimal places by Yasumasa Kanada's team. In February 2006 the record for the calculation of √2 was eclipsed with the use of a home computer. Shigeru Kondo calculated 1 trillion decimal places in 2010. Among mathematical constants with computationally challenging decimal expansions, only pi has been calculated more precisely. Such computations aim to check empirically whether such numbers are normal. This is a table of recent records in calculating the digits of √2 .

Prompt: Used in mathematics, what is the value of Pi to three decimal places?

Answer: three point one four two  degrees


Context: 10 Downing Street | "  Number 10's door is the product of the renovations Charles Townshend ordered in 1766; it was probably not completed until 1772. Executed in the Georgian style by the architect Kenton Couse, it is unassuming and narrow, consisting of a single white stone step leading to a modest brick front. The small, six-panelled door, originally made of black oak, is surrounded by cream-coloured casing and adorned with a semicircular fanlight window. Painted in white, between the top and middle sets of panels, is the number ""10"". The zero of the number ""10"" is painted in a very eccentric style, in a 37° angle anticlockwise. One theory is that this is in fact "

Prompt: What colour is the number 10 on the door of 10 Downing Street? White, Yellow or Brown?

Answer: White (Colour)


Context: Eva Herzigová | " Herzigová was born in Litvínov, Czechoslovakia (now Czech Republic), the daughter of an accountant mother and an electrician father. Growing up, Herzigová was athletic, ""excelling in gymnastics, basketball, track and cross-country skiing."" She began her modeling career after winning a modeling beauty contest in Prague in 1989, at the age of sixteen. She was a member of Thomas Zeumer's Metropolitan Models. After arriving in Paris, her popularity increased. Her first important appearance was as the model for the first Wonderbra campaign. In 1994, advertising executive Trevor Beattie, working for TBWA/London, developed an ad for Sara Lee's ""Hello Boys"" Wonderbra campaign. It featured a close-up image of Herzigová wearing a black Wonderbra. The ad used only two words: ""Hello boys."" "

Prompt: What was advertised with Eva Herzagovia using the slogan hello boys?

Answer: Wonderbra.


Context: Heinz 57 | " In Edmund Morris' The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt, xxvi, he says, “His ability to find common strains of ancestry with voters has earned him the nickname of ‘Old Fifty-seven Varieties.” Though it is not clear at what point in his career this was said of him. In 1928, jazz pianist and bandleader Earl ""Fatha"" Hines recorded his composition ""57 Varieties"". Jimmy Buffett mentions Heinz 57 in his 1978 hit song Cheeseburger in Paradise. Animals, especially dogs which are a mixture of multiple breeds, can be referred to as ""Heinz 57"". In bingo in the United Kingdom, a commonly used call for ""57"" is ""Heinz variety"". In draw poker, ""Heinz 57"" is a variant where 5s and 7s are wild cards. In UK betting terminology, "

Prompt: What number in Bingo is sometimes referred to as Heinz varieties?

Answer: 57


Context: Teddy bear toss |  The Calgary Hitmen set a then record of 28,815 stuffed toys in a single game, on December 6, 2015 at Scotiabank Saddledome, then collected a record of 29,935 stuffed toys in a single game, on December 3, 2018. The annual event has collected almost 350,000 bears in Calgary as of early December 2018. On December 3, 2017, the Hershey Bears collected 25,017 stuffed animals. In the following season, Hershey beat the previous mark by collecting 34,798 stuffed animals on December 2, 2018. The event also inspired philanthropists in Hershey to pledge cash donations per toy collected. On December 1, 2019, the Hershey Bears claimed a world record of 45,650 stuffed toys collected in a single game; tossing and collecting the stuffed animals held up the game for 40 minutes. The toys will be split among 40 central Pennsylvania charities.

Prompt: The largest ever teddy bears picnic was held in Dublin in 1995. How many bears were there?

Answer: thirty-three thousand, five hundred and seventy-three


Context: List of Arsenal F.C. records and statistics | Most goals in a season: Ted Drake, 44 goals (in the 1934–35 season) ; Most league goals in a season: Ted Drake, 42 goals in the First Division, 1934–35 ; Most goals in a 38-game league season: Thierry Henry, 30 goals (in the Premier League, 2003–04), Robin van Persie, 30 goals (in the Premier League, 2011–12) ; Most goals in a match: Ted Drake, 7 goals (against Aston Villa, First Division, 14 December 1935) ; Youngest goalscorer: Cesc Fàbregas, 16 years, 212 days (against Wolverhampton Wanderers, League Cup fourth round, 2 December 2003) ; Youngest hat-trick scorer: John Radford, 17 years, 315 days (against Wolverhampton Wanderers, First Division, 2 January 1965) ; Oldest goalscorer: Jock Rutherford, 39 years, 352 days (against Sheffield United, First Division, 20 September 1924)

Prompt: As at March 2001, who holds the record for scoring the most league goals for the soccer team Arsenal?

Answer: Mr Wright


Context: God Save the Queen | " In 1836 William Hickson wrote an alternative version, of which the first, third, and fourth verses gained some currency when they were appended to the National Anthem in the English Hymnal. The fourth ""Hickson"" verse was sung after the traditional first verse at the Queen's Golden Jubilee National Service of Thanksgiving in 2002, and during the raising of the Union Flag during the 2008 Summer Olympics closing ceremony, in which London took the baton from Beijing to host the 2012 Summer Olympics. ""God bless our native land!May Heav'n's protecting handStill guard our shore:May peace her power extend,Foe be transformed to friend,And "

Prompt: How many verses make up the national anthem God Save The Queen?

Answer: 3


Context: Flag of Switzerland | " The flag of Switzerland (Schweizerfahne; drapeau de la Suisse; bandiera svizzera; bandiera de la Svizra) displays a white cross in the centre of a square red field. The white cross is known as the Swiss cross. Its arms are equilateral, and their ratio of length to width is 7:6. The size of the cross in relation to the field was set in 2017 as 5:8. The white cross has been used as the field sign (attached to the clothing of combatants and to the cantonal war flags in the form of strips of linen) of the Old Swiss Confederacy since its formation in the late 13th or early 14th century. Its symbolism was described by the Swiss Federal Council in 1889 as representing ""at the same the Christian cross symbol and the field sign of "

Prompt: What colour is the cross on the national flag of Switzerland?

Answer: White (Colour)


Context: West Berlin |   After the Berlin Wall was constructed in 1961, West German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer suggested to U.S. President John F. Kennedy that the United States propose a swap of West Berlin with Thuringia and parts of Saxony and Mecklenburg; the city's population would have been relocated to West Germany. Adenauer did not believe that the Soviets would accept the offer because East Germany would lose important industry, but hoped that making the proposal would reduce tensions between the western and eastern blocs, and perhaps hurt relations between the USSR and East Germany if they disagreed on accepting the offer. While the Kennedy administration seriously

Prompt: Who was the American President when the Berlin Wall was constructed?

Answer: JFK


Context: Darts | " as over a fixed number of legs. Although playing straight down from 501 is standard in darts, sometimes a double must be hit to begin scoring, known as ""doubling in"", with all darts thrown before hitting a double not being counted. The PDC's World Grand Prix uses this format. The minimum number of thrown darts required to complete a leg of 501 is nine. The most common nine-dart finish consists of two 180 maximums followed by a 141 checkout (T20-T19-D12), but there are many other possible ways of achieving the feat. Three 167s (T20-T19-Bull) is considered a pure or perfect nine-dart finish by some players."

Prompt: What is the minimum number of darts a person needs to throw to complete a leg from 501?

Answer: 9


Context: 1966–67 European Cup |  The 1966–67 season of the European Cup football club tournament was won by Celtic for the first time in the final against Internazionale, who eliminated defending champions Real Madrid in the quarter-finals, making them the first British team in history to win the trophy. The Soviet Union entered its champion for the first time this season.

Prompt: What was the first British football team to win the European Cup?

Answer: Celtic


Context: Haines, Alaska |  Rafting in the Chilkat River and hiking in the Takshanuk Mountains (Mount Ripinsky and other peaks) are both popular. Growing winter recreational opportunities are available at and around Chilkat Pass, for which Haines serves as a gateway with the Haines Highway. In recent years, Haines has received increasing attention as a site for heli-skiing. The Davidson Glacier, due to its relatively accessible nature, is also a popular attraction. Lutak Inlet and Chilkoot Lake are easily accessible and popular fishing sites. Lutak Inlet is frequented by numerous sea lions, seals, and orcas. Fort William H. Seward is a nationally recognized historic

Prompt: What is the most popular natural attraction in Alaska?

Answer: Denali North Peak


Context: Citric acid |  Citric acid exists in a variety of fruits and vegetables, most notably citrus fruits. Lemons and limes have particularly high concentrations of the acid; it can constitute as much as 8% of the dry weight of these fruits (about 47 g/L in the juices ). The concentrations of citric acid in citrus fruits range from 0.005 mol/L for oranges and grapefruits to 0.30 mol/L in lemons and limes; these values vary within species depending upon the cultivar and the circumstances in which the fruit was grown. Citric acid was first isolated in 1784 by the chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele, who crystallized it from lemon

Prompt: What type of acid is extracted from the juice of lemons, oranges, limes, and grapefruit?

Answer: E330


Context: Frog |  orders. Warty frog species tend to be called toads, but the distinction between frogs and toads is informal, not from taxonomy or evolutionary history. An adult frog has a stout body, protruding eyes, anteriorly-attached tongue, limbs folded underneath, and no tail (the tail of tailed frogs is an extension of the male cloaca). Frogs have glandular skin, with secretions ranging from distasteful to toxic. Their skin varies in colour from well-camouflaged dappled brown, grey and green to vivid patterns of bright red or yellow and black to show toxicity and ward off predators. Adult frogs live in fresh water and

Prompt: What is the difference between a frog and a toad?

Answer: A frog hops or leaps, while a toad walks


Context: Dominoes | " is no concept of matching. Instead, the basic set of 28 unique tiles contains seven additional pieces, six of them representing the values that result from throwing a single die with the other half of the tile left blank, and the seventh domino representing the blank-blank (0–0) combination. Subsequently 45-piece (double eight) sets appeared in Austria and, in recent times, 55-piece (double nine) and 91-piece (double twelve) sets have been produced. The earliest game rules in Europe describe a simple block game for two or four players. Later French rules add the variant of Domino à la Pêche (""Fishing Domino""), an early draw game as well as a three-hand "

Prompt: How many pieces are there in a standard set of dominoes?

Answer: 28


Context: Police |  Most countries are members of the International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol), established to detect and fight transnational crime and provide for international co-operation and co-ordination of other police activities, such as notifying relatives of the death of foreign nationals. Interpol does not conduct investigations or arrests by itself, but only serves as a central point for information on crime, suspects and criminals. Political crimes are excluded from its competencies. The terms international policing, transnational policing, and/or global policing began to be used from the early 1990s onwards to describe forms of policing that transcended the boundaries of the sovereign nation-state (Nadelmann, 1993), (Sheptycki, 1995). These

Prompt: What is the acronym for the agency which provides co-operation between police forces worldwide?

Answer: INTERPOL


Context: 73rd Academy Awards |  The nominees for the 73rd Academy Awards were announced on February 13, 2001, by Robert Rehme, president of the Academy, and Academy Award-winning actress Kathy Bates. Gladiator received the most nominations with twelve. Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon came in second with ten. The winners were announced during the awards ceremony on March 25, 2001. Gladiator became the first film to win Best Picture without a directing or screenwriting win since 1949's All the King's Men. Best Director winner Steven Soderbergh, who received nominations for both Erin Brockovich and Traffic (for which he won the award), was the third person to receive double directing nominations in the same year. Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon became the third film nominated simultaneously for Best Picture and Best Foreign Language Film in the same year. Moreover, its ten nominations were the most for a foreign language film. With four wins, the film is tied with Fanny and Alexander and Parasite as the most awarded foreign language films in Academy Awards history. By virtue of his brother's Best Supporting Actor nomination for 1988's Running on Empty, Best Supporting actor nominee Joaquin Phoenix and River became the first pair of brothers to earn acting nominations.

Prompt: As at the year 2001, what are the only two films to receive 14 Oscar nominations?

Answer: All About Eve and Titanic


Context: Animals in space |  spacecraft later that year; however, they failed to reach the altitude for true spaceflight. On 3 November 1957, the second-ever orbiting spacecraft carried the first animal into orbit, the dog Laika, launched aboard the Soviet Sputnik 2 spacecraft (nicknamed 'Muttnik' in the West). Laika died during the flight, as was intended because the technology to return from orbit had not yet been developed. At least 10 other dogs were launched into orbit and numerous others on sub-orbital flights before the historic date of 12 April 1961, when Yuri Gagarin became the first human in space. On 13 December 1958, a Jupiter IRBM, AM-13, was launched from Cape Canaveral,

Prompt: What were Benjy and Laska, which were sent into space in 1958?


Context: Miss World 1970 |  Miss World 1970, the 20th Miss World pageant, was held on 20 November 1970 at the Royal Albert Hall in London, UK. 58 contestants competed for the Miss World title. Jennifer Hosten from Grenada won the crown of Miss World 1970. Although Miss World 1969, Eva Rueber-Staier of Austria, was present and took part in a dance routine before the announcement of the winner, the new Miss World was crowned by Bob Hope. The event was marked by controversy in the days beforehand, during the contest itself and afterwards.

Prompt: In what year in the 20th century was the Miss World contest held for the first time?

Answer: one thousand, nine hundred and fifty-one


Context: Encyclopædia Britannica |  In the first era (1st–6th editions, 1768–1826), the Britannica was managed and published by its founders, Colin Macfarquhar and Andrew Bell, by Archibald Constable, and by others. The Britannica was first published between December 1768 and 1771 in Edinburgh as the Encyclopædia Britannica, or, A Dictionary of Arts and Sciences, compiled upon a New Plan. In part, it was conceived in reaction to the French Encyclopédie of Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert (published 1751–72), which had been inspired by Chambers's Cyclopaedia (first edition 1728). It went on sale 10 December. The Britannica of this period was primarily a Scottish enterprise, and it is one of the most enduring legacies of the Scottish Enlightenment. In this era, the Britannica moved from being a three-volume set (1st edition) compiled by one young editor—William Smellie —to a 20-volume set written by numerous authorities. Several other encyclopaedias competed throughout this period, among them editions of Abraham Rees's Cyclopædia and Coleridge's Encyclopædia Metropolitana and David Brewster's Edinburgh Encyclopædia.

Prompt: In which year was the Encyclopedia Britannica first published?

Answer: 1768


Context: Royal Commission on London Traffic |  The Report noted that deep-level underground lines under construction (Baker Street and Waterloo Railway, Charing Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway and Great Northern, Piccadilly and Brompton Railway) or planned would provide additional connections with many of the termini not already connected which would facilitate passengers' onward journeys into the central area. It considered that these new lines would mitigate many of the existing problems, but recommended that connections between north-south and east-west lines be provided and that connections between the suburban networks on the east and west sides of the central area be improved including by way of the Main Avenues proposed for the road and tram improvements. The only new deep-level line recommended was from Victoria station northwards to alleviate what was expected to remain a problem for passengers travelling into the central area. The Report recommended that a north-south line be provided

Prompt: On the London Underground, which is the only line to connect at some point with every other line on the system?

Answer: Jubilee line


Context: British rock music | " From its inception in 1981, the cable music channel MTV featured a disproportionate amount of music videos from image conscious British acts. British acts, who had been accustomed to using music videos for half a decade, featured heavily on the channel. The Buggles' ""Video Killed the Radio Star"" was the first music video shown on MTV. In late 1982, ""I Ran (So Far Away)"" by A Flock of Seagulls entered the Billboard Top Ten, arguably the first successful song that owed almost everything to video. They would be followed by bands like Duran Duran whose glossy videos would come to symbolise the power of MTV. Dire Straits' ""Money for Nothing"" gently poked fun at MTV which had helped make them international rock stars. In 1983, 30% of the record sales were from British acts. 18 of the Top 40 and 6 of "

Prompt: In 1981, what became the first ever music video to be shown on MTV?

Answer: Video Killed The Radio Star by Buggles


Context: The Importance of Being Earnest |  In 2016 Irish actor/writers Helen Norton and Jonathan White wrote the comic play To Hell in a Handbag which retells the story of Importance from the point of view of the characters Canon Chasuble and Miss Prism, giving them their own back story and showing what happens to them when they are not on stage in Wilde's play.

Prompt: Who wrote The Importance Of Being Earnest?

Answer: Oscar Wild


Context: Hiram Maxim |  120 Broadway) in the late 1870s. However, he was involved in several lengthy patent disputes with Thomas Edison over his claims to the lightbulb. One of these actions regarded the incandescent bulb, for which Maxim claimed that Edison was credited by means of his better understanding of patenting law. Maxim claimed that an employee of his had falsely patented the invention under his own name, and that Edison proved the employee's claim to be false, knowing that patent law would mean the invention would become public property, allowing Edison to manufacture the lightbulb without crediting Maxim as the true inventor.

Prompt: Thomas Edison, who invented the lightbulb, was afraid of the dark?

Answer: True (disambiguation)


Context: Dental fear |  Dental fear, or dentophobia, is a normal emotional reaction to one or more specific threatening stimuli in the dental situation. However, dental anxiety is indicative of a state of apprehension that something dreadful is going to happen in relation to dental treatment, and it is usually coupled with a sense of losing control. Similarly, dental phobia denotes a severe type of dental anxiety, and is characterised by marked and persistent anxiety in relation to either clearly discernible situations or objects (e.g. drilling, local anaesthetic injections) or to the dental setting in general. The term ‘dental fear and anxiety’ (DFA) is often used to refer to strong negative feelings associated with dental treatment among

Prompt: Taphephobia is the fear of losing your teeth?

Answer: False (disambiguation)


Context: Frequency analysis | " is the most common letter in the English language, th is the most common bigram, and the is the most common trigram. This strongly suggests that X~t, L~h and I~e. The second most common letter in the cryptogram is E; since the first and second most frequent letters in the English language, e and t are accounted for, Eve guesses that E~a, the third most frequent letter. Tentatively making these assumptions, the following partial decrypted message is obtained. Using these initial guesses, Eve can spot patterns that confirm her choices, such as ""that"". Moreover, other patterns suggest further guesses. "

Prompt: The letter t is the second most common letter used in the English language?

Answer: True (disambiguation)


Context: Alfred Nobel |  Alfred Bernhard Nobel (, ; 21 October 1833 – 10 December 1896) was a Swedish chemist, engineer, inventor, businessman, and philanthropist. He is best known for having bequeathed his fortune to establish the Nobel Prize, though he also made several important contributions to science, holding 355 patents in his lifetime. Nobel's most famous invention was dynamite, a safer and easier means of harnessing the explosive power of nitroglycerin; it was patented in 1867 and was soon used worldwide for mining and infrastructure development. Nobel displayed an early aptitude for science and learning, particularly in chemistry and languages; he became fluent in six languages and filed his first patent at age 24. He embarked on many business ventures with

Prompt: The invention of what in 1867, made Alfred Nobel famous?

Answer: Dynamite


Context: New York City |  New York, often called New York City to distinguish it from New York State, or NYC for short, is the most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over 300.46 sqmi, New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States. Located at the southern tip of the State of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the world by urban area. With over 20.1 million people in its metropolitan statistical area and 23.5 million in its combined statistical area

Prompt: What is the most populated city in America?

Answer: New Yourk State


Context: District |  The District of Columbia is the only part of the United States, excluding territories, that is not located within any of the fifty states.

Prompt: What is the only letter of the alphabet which does not appear in any of the names of the 50 American states?


Context: 1936 | August 1 – The 1936 Summer Olympics open in Berlin, Germany, and mark the first live television coverage of an international sports event in world history (John Logie Baird had previously broadcast the Derby horse race in Britain in 1931). ; August 3 – 1936 Summer Olympics: African-American athlete Jesse Owens wins the 100-meter dash. ; August 4 – A self-coup is staged by Greek Prime Minister Ioannis Metaxas, marking the beginning of the authoritarian 4th of August Regime, which will rule Greece until the Axis occupation of Greece in 1941. ; August 14 ; Rainey Bethea is hanged in Owensboro, Kentucky, in the last public execution in the United States ; 1936 Summer Olympics: The United States men's national basketball team wins the first Olympic basketball tournament in the final game over Canada, 19–8. ; August 19 – The first of the Moscow Trials begins in the Soviet Union. ; August 26 – The Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936 is signed. ; August 30 ; Photographer Ernest Nash flees Germany for Rome. ; President Franklin D. Roosevelt attends the dedication of Thomas Jefferson's head at Mount Rushmore.

Prompt: In 1931, what became the first ever televised sports event?

Answer: The Derby Stakes


Context: Shampoo (duo) | " the Spice Girls debuted on the Official Charts Company singles chart with ""Wannabe"", the duo charted with a song called ""Girl Power"". However, this song peaked at number 25 and was only on the chart for four weeks, meaning by the time they released their second album, also called Girl Power, their sales were in decline. In September 1996, they released a cover of The Waitresses' ""I Know What Boys Like"", which became their last chart entry, peaking at number 42. After the Girl Power album failed to reach the UK album chart they band separated from Food Records and the third "

Prompt: What was the Spice Girls' debut single called?

Answer: Wannabes (disambiguation)


Context: Circle of fifths text table | " The Circle of fifths text table, shows the number of flats or sharps in each of the diatonic musical scales and keys. Both C major and A minor keys have no flats or sharps. In the table, minor keys are written with lowercase letters, for brevity. However, in common guitar tabs notation, a minor key is designated with a lowercase ""m"". For example, A-minor is ""Am"" and D-sharp minor is ""Dm"").  The small interval between equivalent notes, such as F-sharp and G-flat, is the Pythagorean comma. Minor scales start with, major scales start with."

Prompt: What are the only two musical notes which have no flats?

Answer: C and F


Context: French fries | " The French and Belgians have an ongoing dispute about where fries were invented, with both countries claiming ownership. From the Belgian standpoint, the popularity of the term ""french fries"" is explained as ""French gastronomic hegemony"" into which the cuisine of Belgium was assimilated because of a lack of understanding coupled with a shared language and geographic proximity of the countries. Fries may have been invented in Spain, the first European country in which the potato appeared from the New World colonies. Professor Paul Ilegems, curator of the Frietmuseum in Bruges, Belgium, believes that Saint Teresa of Ávila of Spain cooked the first french fries, and refers also to the tradition of frying in Mediterranean cuisine as evidence. The Belgian journalist Jo Gérard claimed that a 1781 family manuscript recounts that potatoes were deep-fried "

Prompt: From which country do French fries originate? France, Belgium or Switzerland?

Answer: ISO 3166-1:CH


Context: J. K. Rowling |  the money from the Scholastic sale, into 19 Hazelbank Terrace in Edinburgh. Its sequel, Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, was published in July 1998 and again Rowling won the Smarties Prize. In December 1999, the third novel, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, won the Smarties Prize, making Rowling the first person to win the award three times running. She later withdrew the fourth Harry Potter novel from contention to allow other books a fair chance. In January 2000, Prisoner of Azkaban won the inaugural Whitbread Children's Book of the Year award, though it lost the Book of the Year prize to Seamus Heaney's translation of

Prompt: For what novel did J. K. Rowling win the 1999 Whitbread Children's book of the year award?

Answer: HPPOA


Context: Lights Out (2013 film) |  The hallway light starts flickering and eventually turns off. Scared, she hears footsteps approaching the bedroom and hides under the blanket. After a few seconds of silence, she peeks out. The door opens wider by itself, which terrifies the woman. The lamp flickers. From under the blanket, the woman looks towards the power strip it is plugged in to. She nervously reaches out, locates the plug, and pushes it in more firmly. The flickering stops. The hallway light clicks back on and she sees it is on again and the door is only slightly ajar again. She is relieved, but unfortunately suddenly sees a monstrous humanoid with all-white eyes and an open mouth at her bedside table. It turns off the lamp, and the screen goes dark.

Prompt: Mary has a large bedroom and the only light switch is on the wall approximately 20 feet away from her bed. How can she turn off the light, but still get into bed before it is dark?

Answer: By going to bed when it is still daylight.


Context: Longest word in English | "The longest words typable with only the left hand using conventional hand placement on a QWERTY keyboard are tesseradecades, aftercataracts, and the more common but sometimes hyphenated sweaterdresses. Using the right hand alone, the longest word that can be typed is johnny-jump-up, or, excluding hyphens, monimolimnion and phyllophyllin. ; The longest English word typable using only the top row of letters has 11 letters: rupturewort. The word teetertotter (used in North American English) is longer at 12 letters, although it is usually spelled with a hyphen. ; The longest using only the middle row is shakalshas (10 letters). Nine-letter words include flagfalls; eight-letter words include galahads and alfalfas. ; Since the bottom row contains no vowels, no standard words can be formed. ; The longest words typable by alternating left and right hands are antiskepticism and leucocytozoans respectively. ; On a Dvorak keyboard, the longest ""left-handed"" words are epopoeia, jipijapa, peekapoo, and quiaquia. Other such long words are papaya, Kikuyu, opaque, and upkeep. Kikuyu is typed entirely with the index finger, and so the longest one-fingered word on the Dvorak keyboard. There are no vowels on the right-hand side, and so the longest ""right-handed"" word is crwth. "

Prompt: What is the longest word can be typed using only the top row of letters on a typewriter?

Answer: Typewriter ribbons


Context: Rock 'n' Rodent |  In Tom and Jerry's penthouse apartment room on the 20th floor of a 30-story apartment building around 10:00 PM, Tom finishes reading a book and prepares to sleep, setting his wind-up alarm clock to ring in the morning. Unfortunately for Tom, this is also time for Jerry to get up. The mouse's alarm-watch rings and Jerry showers (using a wrench on a pipe) and grooms himself before setting out for a tiny elevator in the wall. He hears Tom snoring and stops briefly (with a close-up of Tom's feet) before he enters the elevator and descends to a club with a

Prompt: A man lives on the 20th floor of a block of flats. If it is a rainy day, he gets into the elevator in the morning, goes down to the ground floor and goes off to work. In the afternoon when he comes home, he gets into the elevator and goes straight to the 20th floor. However, if it is a sunny day he goes down to the ground floor in the morning, but when he comes home he only goes up to the 10th floor and then walks up 10 flights of stairs. Why?

Answer: The man is short, and can only reach the elevator button 20 when he has his umbrella.


Context: Names for association football |  of the respective teams that originate from. All teams in the Canadian Premier League (with the notable exception of Atlético Ottawa due to the team being owned by Atlético Madrid) used FC as a suffix while FC Edmonton is the only team in the league that uses the FC as a prefix. In Central America, the only English-speaking nation is Belize, and like the other six Central American nations, the unqualified term football refers to association football, as used in the Football Federation of Belize and in the Belize Premier Football League. The term soccer is sometimes used in vernacular speech and media coverage, however. In the Caribbean, most of the English-speaking

Prompt: What is the only football league team in Britain which doesn't have any of the letters from the word football in its name?

Answer: Dun Deagh


Context: Municipal annexation in the United States |  O'Hare Airport is municipally connected to the city of Chicago via a narrow strip of land, approximately 200 feet wide, along Foster Avenue from the Des Plaines river to the airport. This land was annexed in the 1950s to assure the airport was contiguous with the city to keep it under city control. The strip is bounded on the north by Rosemont and the south by Schiller Park.

Prompt: In which city would you find O'Hare International Airport?

Answer: Chi-Beria


Context: Thailand |  Thailand ( or  ; ประเทศไทย,, ), officially the Kingdom of Thailand (ราชอาณาจักรไทย,  ), formerly known as Siam (สยาม,  ), is a country at the centre of the Indochinese peninsula in Southeast Asia.

Prompt: Which Asian country was once called Siam?

Answer: Muang Thai


Context: Luxembourg |  Luxembourg is one of the smallest countries in Europe, and ranked 167th in size of all the 194 independent countries of the world; the country is about 2,586 km2 in size, and measures 82 km long and 57 km wide. It lies between latitudes 49° and 51° N, and longitudes 5° and 7° E. To the east, Luxembourg borders the German Bundesländer of Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, and to the south, it borders the French région of Grand Est (Lorraine). The Grand Duchy borders Belgium's Wallonia, in particular the Belgian provinces of Luxembourg and Liège, part of which comprises the German-speaking Community of Belgium, to the west and to the north,

Prompt: Which three countries does Luxembourg border?

Answer: France, Germany and Belgium


Context: Duck family (Disney) |  Huey, Dewey, and Louie Duck are Donald's three nephews, grand-nephews of his uncle Scrooge McDuck and identical triplet sons of Della Duck and an unnamed father.

Prompt: What are the names of Donald Duck's three nephews?

Answer: Huey, Dewey and Louie


Context: Sleepless in Seattle |  letter suggesting that Sam meet her on top of the Empire State Building on Valentine's Day. She decides not to mail it, but her friend and editor Becky does it for her and later agrees to send Annie to Seattle. Sam begins dating a co-worker, Victoria, whom Jonah dislikes. Jonah reads Annie's letter and likes that it mentions the Baltimore Orioles, but he fails to convince his father to go to New York to meet Annie. On the advice of his playmate Jessica, Jonah replies to Annie, agreeing to the New York meeting. While dropping Victoria off at the airport for a flight, Sam sees Annie exiting from her plane and is mesmerized by her, although he

Prompt: In which 1993 film does a boy called Jonah write to a woman called Annie, asking her to meet his father at the Empire State building on St. Valentine's Day?

Answer: Sleepless In Seattle


Context: Dickie Valentine | " Richard Bryce ( Maxwell; 4 November 1929 – 6 May 1971), known professionally as Dickie Valentine, was a British pop singer who enjoyed great popularity in Britain during the 1950s. In addition to several other Top Ten hit singles, Valentine had two chart-toppers on the UK Singles Chart with ""Finger of Suspicion"" (1954) and the seasonal ""Christmas Alphabet"" (1955)."

Prompt: Who had a top ten hit in 1988 with Valentine?

Answer: T'pau


Context: Frequency analysis | " is the most common letter in the English language, th is the most common bigram, and the is the most common trigram. This strongly suggests that X~t, L~h and I~e. The second most common letter in the cryptogram is E; since the first and second most frequent letters in the English language, e and t are accounted for, Eve guesses that E~a, the third most frequent letter. Tentatively making these assumptions, the following partial decrypted message is obtained. Using these initial guesses, Eve can spot patterns that confirm her choices, such as ""that"". Moreover, other patterns suggest further guesses. "

Prompt: What is the second most common word in written English?

Answer: O F


Context: Ghosts (Pac-Man) |  Blinky, Pinky, Inky and Clyde are a quartet of characters from the Pac-Man video game franchise. Created by Toru Iwatani, they first appear in the 1980 arcade game Pac-Man as the main antagonists. The ghosts have appeared in every Pac-Man game since, sometimes becoming minor antagonists or allies to Pac-Man, such as in Pac-Man World and the Pac-Man and the Ghostly Adventures animated series.

Prompt: In which arcade game, would you find ghosts called Inky, Pinky, Blinky and Clyde?

Answer: Pakman


Context: Moulage | " the thigh is actually the longest bone in human body. At age 25 Vesalius realized that the anatomical knowledge of Galen was derived from animal anatomy and therefore Galen had never dissected a human body. In 1543 Vesalius wrote an anatomical masterwork named in Latin De humani corporis fabrica libri septem (""On the fabric of the human body in seven books""), or in short De Fabrica. The book included drawings of human females and males with their skins dissected. These pictures greatly influenced the creation of future anatomical wax models. The anatomical pictures of Vesalius were followed by those of Johann "

Prompt: More commonly known as the thigh bone, what is the medical name for the longest bone in the human body?

Answer: Fumuer


Context: Ambidexterity |  Ambidexterity is the ability to use both the right and left hand equally well. When referring to objects, the term indicates that the object is equally suitable for right-handed and left-handed people. When referring to humans, it indicates that a person has no marked preference for the use of the right or left hand. Only about one percent of people are naturally ambidextrous, which equates to about 70,000,000 people out of the world's population of 7 billion. In modern times, it is common to find some people considered ambidextrous who were originally left-handed and who learned to be ambidextrous, either deliberately or as a result of training in schools or in jobs where right-handed habits are often emphasized or required. Since many everyday devices (such as can openers and scissors) are asymmetrical and designed for right-handed people, many left-handers learn to use them right-handedly due to the rarity or lack of left-handed models. Thus, left-handed people are more likely to develop motor skills in their non-dominant hand than right-handed people.

Prompt: What word is used to describe someone who is neither left or right handed, but can use both hands with equal ease?

Answer: Ambidexterity


Context: Philip K. Dick | Blade Runner (1982), based on Dick's 1968 novel Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?, directed by Ridley Scott and starring Harrison Ford and Rutger Hauer. A screenplay had been in the works for years before Scott took the helm, with Dick being extremely critical of all versions. Dick was still apprehensive about how his story would be adapted for the film when the project was finally put into motion. Among other things, he refused to do a novelization of the film. But contrary to his initial reactions, when he was given an opportunity to see some of the special effects sequences of Los Angeles 2019, Dick was amazed that the environment

Prompt: Which cult film, starring Harrison Ford, was based on the story Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?

Answer: V-K


Context: Freetime (TV series) | " Freetime was children's television programme shown on ITV between 1981 and 1988. Its premiere episode debuted on 8 December 1980 and was listed as ""Free Time"" in the TV Times. But the series did not properly start until 17 April 1981. Produced by Thames Television, it was a magazine format show devoted to hobbies and interests, and was designed to encourage viewers to get out and about rather than staying at home and watching television. It was hosted by the former Magpie presenter Mick Robertson. Robertson was initially joined on set by Trudi Dance, but she was soon replaced by Kim Goody, who co-presented the show with Robertson until it was axed by the network in 1985, at which time the show was being broadcast bi-weekly. The object of "

Prompt: Which ITV magazine style show ran from 1968 to 1980 and featured presenters including Jenny Hanley, Mick Robertson and Tommy Boyd?

Answer: Chatterpie


Context: Robin Hood (1973 film) |  Robin Hood is a 1973 American animated adventure musical comedy film produced by Walt Disney Productions and released by Buena Vista Distribution, based on the English folk tale of the same name with the characters reimagined as anthropomorphic animals. Produced and directed by Wolfgang Reitherman, it is the 21st Disney animated feature film. The story follows the adventures of Robin Hood, Little John, and the inhabitants of Nottingham as they fight against the excessive taxation of Prince John, and Robin Hood wins the hand of Maid Marian. The film features the voices of Brian Bedford, Phil Harris, Peter Ustinov, Pat Buttram, Monica Evans, and Carole Shelley. The idea to adapt Robin Hood into an animated feature dated back to Walt Disney's interest in the

Prompt: Which type of animal was Robin Hood in the Disney cartoon film 'Robin Hood'?

Answer: Vulpine


Context: Can We Fix It? | " ""Can We Fix It?"" is the name of the theme song from the children's television programme Bob the Builder. It was written by Paul K. Joyce and produced by Hot Animation. The song's title is derived from the catchphrase of the programme's titular character, and the chorus of the song features this phrase prominently, as well as the response, ""Yes we can!"" Vocals on the song are provided by Neil Morrissey, who voiced Bob at the time of the track's recording. It was released as a single on 4 December 2000 in the United Kingdom. ""Can We Fix It?"" became the UK Christmas number one single of 2000, beating Westlife's ""What Makes a Man"" to the "

Prompt: Who provided the voice for Bob The Builder on his number one hit Can We Fix It?

Answer: Neil morisey


Context: Marlon Brando | " script beforehand, and that his lines would be displayed somewhere off-camera. It was revealed in a documentary contained in the 2001 DVD release of Superman that he was paid $3.7 million for two weeks of work. Brando also filmed scenes for the movie's sequel, Superman II, but after producers refused to pay him the same percentage he received for the first movie, he denied them permission to use the footage. ""I asked for my usual percentage,"" he recollected in his memoir, ""but they refused, and so did I."" However, after Brando's death, the footage was reincorporated into the 2006 recut of "

Prompt: Which actor received 4 million dollars for his 10 minutes on screen in the film Superman?

Answer: Marlon Brando Jr.


Context: Ridley Scott |  Sir Ridley Scott (born 30 November 1937) is an English film director and producer. He has directed the science fiction horror film Alien (1979), the neo-noir dystopian film Blade Runner (1982), the road adventure film Thelma & Louise (1991), the historical drama film Gladiator (2000), the war film Black Hawk Down (2001), and the science fiction film The Martian (2015). Scott began his career as a television designer and director before moving into advertising, where he honed his filmmaking skills by making inventive mini-films for television commercials. His work is known for its atmospheric and highly concentrated visual style. Though his films range widely in setting and period, they frequently showcase memorable imagery of urban environments, spanning 2nd-century Rome (Gladiator), 12th-century Jerusalem (Kingdom of Heaven), Medieval England (Robin Hood), contemporary Mogadishu (Black Hawk Down), or the futuristic cityscapes of Blade Runner and distant planets in Alien,

Prompt: Who directed the films Thelma and Louise, Hannibal and Black Hawk Down?

Answer: Gertrude Bell (2014 film)


Context: Murder by Decree | " Murder by Decree is a 1979 mystery thriller film directed by Bob Clark. It features the Sherlock Holmes and Dr. John Watson characters created by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, who are embroiled in the investigation surrounding the real-life 1888 Whitechapel murders committed by ""Jack the Ripper"". Christopher Plummer plays Holmes and James Mason plays Watson. Though it features a similar premise, it is somewhat different in tone and result to A Study in Terror. It is loosely based on The Ripper File by Elwyn Jones and John Lloyd. The film's premise of the plot behind the murders is influenced by the book Jack the Ripper: The Final Solution (1976), by Stephen Knight, who presumed that the killings were part of a Masonic plot. The original script contained the names of the historical suspects, Sir William Gull and John Netley. In the actual film, they are represented by fictional analogues: Thomas Spivy (Gull) and William Slade (Netley). This plot device was later used in other Jack the Ripper-themed fiction, including the graphic novel From Hell."

Prompt: Which serial killer is the subject of the films A Study In Terror, Murder By Decree and From Hell?

Answer: Whitechapel Murderer


Context: 111 (number) | " In cricket, the number 111 is sometimes called ""a Nelson"" after Admiral Nelson, who allegedly only had ""One Eye, One Arm, One Leg"" near the end of his life. This is in fact inaccurate—Nelson never lost a leg. Alternate meanings include ""One Eye, One Arm, One Ambition"" and ""One Eye, One Arm, One Arsehole"". Particularly in cricket, multiples of 111 are called a double Nelson (222), triple Nelson (333), quadruple Nelson (444; also known as a salamander) and so on. A score of 111 is considered by some to be unlucky. To combat the supposed bad luck, some watching lift their feet off the ground. Since an umpire cannot sit down and raise his feet, the international umpire David Shepherd had a whole retinue of peculiar mannerisms if the score was ever a Nelson multiple. He would hop, shuffle, or jiggle, particularly if the number of wickets also matched—111/1, 222/2 etc."

Prompt: In cricket, what is the score of 111 known as?

Answer: Nélson


Context: The Frog's Legacy | " ""The Frog's Legacy"" is the sixth Christmas special episode of the BBC sitcom, Only Fools and Horses. It was first broadcast on 25 December 1987. In the episode, the Trotters search for the hidden gold legacy of Freddie ""The Frog"" Robdal, an old friend of their mother's."

Prompt: Yuppy Love, Danger UXD, The Frog's Legacy, Diamonds Are For Trevor?

Answer: Diamonds Are For Trevor - the others are episodes of Only Fools And Horses.


Context: Politics in fiction |  ; The Godfather, Part III (1990) ; Bob Roberts (1992) ; The Distinguished Gentleman (1992) ; Running Mates (1992) ; Batman Returns (1992) ; Dave (1993) ; With Honors (1994) ; The American President (1995) ; Absolute Power (1997) ; Murder at 1600 (1997) ; Air Force One (1997) ; The Peacemaker (1997) ; Wag the Dog (1997) ; Primary Colors (1998) ; The Siege (1998) ; Three Kings (1999) ; Election (1999) ; The Contender (2000) ; Thirteen Days (2000) ; Running Mates (2000) ; Ali G Indahouse (2002) ; The Quiet American (2002) ; Gangs of New York (2002) ; The Career of Nicodemus Dyzma (2002)

Prompt: Batman Returns, Practical Magic, Dead Calm, The Peacemaker?

Answer: Batman Returns - the others starred Nicole Kidman.


Context: About a Boy (novel) | infobox name: About a Boy ; image: Aboutaboybsdrgh.jpg ; caption: First edition ; author: Nick Hornby ; country: United Kingdom ; publisher: Gollancz ; release_date: 4 May 1998 ; media_type: Print (hardback and paperback) ; pages: 278 ; isbn: 0-575-06159-6 ; oclc: 39002367 ; preceded_by: High Fidelity ; followed_by: How to Be Good

Prompt: Who wrote the novels About A Boy, How To Be Good and High Fidelity?

Answer: Nick Hornby


Context: Tiddlywinks | " Tiddlywinks is a game played on a flat felt mat with sets of small discs called ""winks"", a pot, which is the target, and a collection of squidgers, which are also discs. Players use a ""squidger"" (nowadays made of plastic) to shoot a wink into flight by flicking the squidger across the top of a wink and then over its edge, thereby propelling it into the air. The offensive objective of the game is to score points by sending your own winks into the pot. The defensive objective of the game is to prevent your opponents from potting their winks by ""squopping"" them: shooting your own winks to land on top of your opponents' winks. As part of strategic gameplay, players often attempt to squop their opponents' winks and develop, maintain and break up large piles of winks. Tiddlywinks is sometimes considered a simple-minded, frivolous children's game, rather than a strategic, adult game. However, the modern competitive adult game of tiddlywinks made a strong comeback at the University of Cambridge in 1955. The modern game uses far more complex rules and a consistent set of high-grade equipment."

Prompt: With which game would you use a squidger, a circular disc between 25mm and 51 mm?

Answer: Tiddly winks


Context: History of Louisville, Kentucky | " history. In 1893, two Louisville sisters, Patty and Mildred J. Hill, both schoolteachers, wrote the song ""Good Morning to All"" for their kindergarten class. The song did not become popular, and the lyrics were later changed to the more recognizable, ""Happy Birthday to You"". This is now the most performed song in the English language. Also in 1893, the Louisville Presbyterian Seminary was founded, building a handsome campus at First and Broadway downtown (now occupied by Jefferson Community College). Eight years later, it absorbed an older Presbyterian seminary in Danville, Kentucky. In 1963 Louisville Seminary relocated to a modern campus on Alta Vista Road near Cherokee Park."

Prompt: The melody for which famous song was written by sisters and school teachers Patty and Mildred Hill in Kentucky in 1893?

Answer: Happy Birthday (song)


Context: Pub names |  Arms (245) ; 10) Ship (244) An authoritative list of the most common pub names in Great Britain is hard to establish, owing to ambiguity in what classifies as a pub as opposed to a licensed restaurant or nightclub, and so lists of this form tend to vary hugely. The two surveys most often cited, both taken in 2007, are by the British Beer and Pub Association (BBPA) and CAMRA. According to BBPA, the most common names are:  and according to CAMRA they are:  A more current listing can be found on the Pubs Galore site, updated daily as pubs open/close and change names. As of 18 December 2019, the top 10 were: The number of each is given in brackets.

Prompt: What is the most common pub name in the UK?

Answer: Red lion


Context: Kevin the Teenager |  room when required to do so. The character is also heavily dictated by peer pressure, and was seen in various other sketches trying to sound like Ali G, or Liam Gallagher. His best friend is another teenage boy named Perry Carter (played by the actress Kathy Burke, and based on an early character Burke portrayed on various Channel 4 shows). They starred in a 2000 feature film, Kevin & Perry Go Large. The sketches suggest that teenage boys are always very polite to all parents except their own. Kevin and Perry heap immense amounts of abuse on their own respective

Prompt: What is the name of Kevin the teenager's friend played by Kathy Burke in a series of sketches with Harry Enfield?

Answer: Perry (drink)


Context: Alavi Bohras | "  This verse is the beginning of the first chapter of Qur’an surat ul-hamd which has total seven verses.  The seven letters, which are the bismillaah, signify the seven naatiq. The twelve letters that arise from these signify that for each naatiq there are twelve naqeebs or hujjats.  Thus the twelve letters, which are al-rahmaan al-raheem, that arise from the seven lettered bismillaah, together become nineteen letters.  This signifies that from the naatiqs – after each naatiq – seven imaams and twelve hujjats arise, which makes nineteen.  The same is the case with pillars of Islam, in which there are seven pillars each having twelve traditions."""

Prompt: What seven letter word, beginning with the letters 'Ra' is a palindrome?

Answer: Racing cars


Context: Apple |  The word apple, formerly spelled æppel in Old English, is derived from the Proto-Germanic root *ap(a)laz, which could also mean fruit in general. This is ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *ab(e)l-, but the precise original meaning and the relationship between both words is uncertain. As late as the 17th century, the word also functioned as a generic term for all fruit other than berries but including nuts—such as the 14th century Middle English word appel of paradis, meaning a banana. This use is analogous to the French language use of pomme.

Prompt: Which fruit can go in the middle of the word aped to make a new word?

Answer: Pear (fruit)


Context: Forth and Endrick Football League | infobox name: Forth and Endrick Football League ; country: Scotland ; founded: 1910 ; divisions: 1 ; teams: 9 ; champions: Drymen United FC. (2019)

Prompt: How many scottish football league teams names end in United?

Answer: 3


Context: Cupid (Sam Cooke song) | " ""Cupid"" is a song by American singer Sam Cooke, released on May 16, 1961. It charted at number 17 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 20 on the Hot R&B Sides chart; the track performed best in the United Kingdom, peaking at number seven on the UK Singles Chart. Cooke's producers had asked him to write a song for a girl they had seen on a Perry Como TV show—but once they heard her sing, they kept ""Cupid"" for Cooke himself. Personnel on the recording included Cooke's session regulars Clifton White and Rene Hall on guitar, Clifford Hills on bass, Earl Palmer on drums and Joseph Gibbons on guitar and banjo. ""Cupid"" was ranked at number 452 in Rolling Stone magazine's list of the ""500 Greatest Songs of All Time"". AllMusic critic Bill Janovitz described the track as a ""perfect pop song"" which combines ""Latin, R&B, jazz, and mainstream pop elements""."

Prompt: Who had a top ten hit in the UK with Cupid in 1961?

Answer: I Thank God