""" E1: GenSolver vs 通用 MIP (SCIP/CBC) — MIP 侧 目的:与 gpu.cu 对比,展示 MIP 在复杂问题上的求解时间和质量 实例:TSP (N=51,100,150), VRP (A-n32-k5) 时间预算:1s, 10s, 60s 用法:python mip.py """ import sys import os import time from ortools.linear_solver import pywraplp sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", "..", "common")) from instances import load_tsp, load_vrp, euc2d_dist_matrix, TSP_INSTANCES, VRP_INSTANCES TIME_BUDGETS = [1, 10, 60] def solve_tsp_mtz(dist, n, time_limit_sec, solver_id="SCIP"): """TSP MTZ 公式""" solver = pywraplp.Solver.CreateSolver(solver_id) if not solver: return float("inf"), 0.0, "error" x = [[solver.IntVar(0, 1, f"x_{i}_{j}") for j in range(n)] for i in range(n)] u = [solver.IntVar(0, n - 1, f"u_{i}") for i in range(n)] for i in range(n): solver.Add(x[i][i] == 0) for i in range(n): solver.Add(sum(x[i][j] for j in range(n)) == 1) for j in range(n): solver.Add(sum(x[i][j] for i in range(n)) == 1) for i in range(1, n): for j in range(1, n): if i != j: solver.Add(u[i] - u[j] + n * x[i][j] <= n - 1) solver.Minimize(sum(dist[i][j] * x[i][j] for i in range(n) for j in range(n))) solver.SetTimeLimit(int(time_limit_sec * 1000)) t0 = time.perf_counter() status = solver.Solve() elapsed_ms = (time.perf_counter() - t0) * 1000.0 if status in (pywraplp.Solver.OPTIMAL, pywraplp.Solver.FEASIBLE): reason = "optimal" if status == pywraplp.Solver.OPTIMAL else "time" return solver.Objective().Value(), elapsed_ms, reason return float("inf"), elapsed_ms, "infeasible" def solve_vrp_mtz(dist, demands, n_nodes, n_vehicles, capacity, time_limit_sec, solver_id="SCIP"): """VRP MTZ 公式(容量约束 + 子回路消除)""" solver = pywraplp.Solver.CreateSolver(solver_id) if not solver: return float("inf"), 0.0, "error" n = n_nodes x = [[[solver.IntVar(0, 1, f"x_{k}_{i}_{j}") for j in range(n)] for i in range(n)] for k in range(n_vehicles)] u = [[solver.IntVar(0, n - 1, f"u_{k}_{i}") for i in range(n)] for k in range(n_vehicles)] # each customer visited exactly once for j in range(1, n): solver.Add(sum(x[k][i][j] for k in range(n_vehicles) for i in range(n) if i != j) == 1) for k in range(n_vehicles): # flow conservation for j in range(n): solver.Add(sum(x[k][i][j] for i in range(n) if i != j) == sum(x[k][j][i] for i in range(n) if i != j)) # start/end at depot solver.Add(sum(x[k][0][j] for j in range(1, n)) <= 1) solver.Add(sum(x[k][j][0] for j in range(1, n)) <= 1) # capacity solver.Add(sum(demands[j] * sum(x[k][i][j] for i in range(n) if i != j) for j in range(1, n)) <= capacity) # no self-loops for i in range(n): solver.Add(x[k][i][i] == 0) # MTZ subtour elimination for i in range(1, n): for j in range(1, n): if i != j: solver.Add(u[k][i] - u[k][j] + n * x[k][i][j] <= n - 1) solver.Minimize(sum(dist[i][j] * x[k][i][j] for k in range(n_vehicles) for i in range(n) for j in range(n))) solver.SetTimeLimit(int(time_limit_sec * 1000)) t0 = time.perf_counter() status = solver.Solve() elapsed_ms = (time.perf_counter() - t0) * 1000.0 if status in (pywraplp.Solver.OPTIMAL, pywraplp.Solver.FEASIBLE): reason = "optimal" if status == pywraplp.Solver.OPTIMAL else "time" return solver.Objective().Value(), elapsed_ms, reason return float("inf"), elapsed_ms, "infeasible" def print_row(instance, config, obj, elapsed_ms, optimal, reason): if obj == float("inf"): print(f"{instance},{config},0,inf,0.00,{elapsed_ms:.1f},inf,0,{reason}") else: gap = (obj - optimal) / optimal * 100.0 if optimal > 0 else 0.0 print(f"{instance},{config},0,{obj:.2f},0.00,{elapsed_ms:.1f},{gap:.2f},0,{reason}") sys.stdout.flush() def main(): print("instance,config,seed,obj,penalty,time_ms,gap_pct,generations,stop_reason") tsp_targets = [e for e in TSP_INSTANCES if e["optimal"] <= 6528] # eil51, kroA100, ch150 for entry in tsp_targets: inst = load_tsp(entry) print(f" [e1-mip] TSP {inst['name']} (n={inst['n']})", file=sys.stderr) dist = euc2d_dist_matrix(inst["coords"]) for solver_id in ["SCIP", "CBC"]: for t in TIME_BUDGETS: config = f"mip_{solver_id}_{t}s" obj, ms, reason = solve_tsp_mtz(dist, inst["n"], t, solver_id) print_row(inst["name"], config, obj, ms, inst["optimal"], reason) for entry in VRP_INSTANCES: inst = load_vrp(entry) print(f" [e1-mip] VRP {inst['name']} (n={inst['n']})", file=sys.stderr) dist = euc2d_dist_matrix(inst["coords"]) for solver_id in ["SCIP"]: for t in TIME_BUDGETS: config = f"mip_{solver_id}_{t}s" obj, ms, reason = solve_vrp_mtz( dist, inst["demands"], inst["n"], inst["n_vehicles"], inst["capacity"], t, solver_id) print_row(inst["name"], config, obj, ms, inst["optimal"], reason) if __name__ == "__main__": main()