refactor(instagram): streamline scraper, fetch, and parsing pipeline

surfsense_backend/app/proprietary/platforms/instagram/__init__.py

@@ -2,10 +2,7 @@
 
 from .fetch import InstagramAccessBlockedError
 from .schemas import (
-    InstagramComment,
-    InstagramHashtag,
     InstagramMediaItem,
-    InstagramPlace,
     InstagramProfile,
     InstagramScrapeInput,
 )
@@ -13,10 +10,7 @@ from .scraper import iter_instagram, scrape_instagram
 
 __all__ = [
     "InstagramAccessBlockedError",
-    "InstagramComment",
-    "InstagramHashtag",
     "InstagramMediaItem",
-    "InstagramPlace",
     "InstagramProfile",
     "InstagramScrapeInput",
     "iter_instagram",

surfsense_backend/app/proprietary/platforms/instagram/fetch.py

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ import json
 import logging
 import random
 import time
+from collections.abc import Callable
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager, suppress
 from contextvars import ContextVar
 from datetime import UTC, datetime
@@ -75,12 +76,6 @@ _MAX_ROTATIONS = 3
 _MAX_BACKOFFS = 4
 _BACKOFF_BASE_S = 5.0
 
-# Endpoints Instagram serves only to logged-in clients (confirmed live). A bare
-# 401/403 here is an endpoint auth wall, not a per-IP block, so every rotated IP
-# hits the same wall — fail fast instead of burning the pool, exactly like the
-# /accounts/login/ redirect branch. Content endpoints (profiles) still rotate.
-_AUTH_WALLED_PATHS = ("web/search/topsearch/", "api/v1/tags/web_info/")
-
 # Instagram 429s hard on bursts. Pace each sticky session so a fast IP can't
 # burst past the per-IP threshold. ponytail: 1.5s is tuned to residential exits;
 # a pool with a stricter per-IP cap may need it raised — watch for 429 log spam.
@@ -149,6 +144,20 @@ def _parse_json(page: Any) -> Any | None:
     return None
 
 
+def _page_text(page: Any) -> str | None:
+    """Best-effort HTML/text body of a scrapling response, or ``None``."""
+    for attr in ("text", "body", "content"):
+        val = getattr(page, attr, None)
+        if callable(val):
+            with suppress(Exception):
+                val = val()
+        if isinstance(val, bytes):
+            val = val.decode("utf-8", "replace")
+        if isinstance(val, str) and val.strip():
+            return val
+    return None
+
+
 def _is_login_redirect(page: Any) -> bool:
     """True if IG redirected this request to the anonymous login wall.
 
@@ -308,20 +317,44 @@ async def resolve_redirect(url: str) -> str | None:
 
 
 async def fetch_json(path: str, params: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> Any | None:
-    """GET an Instagram web endpoint through a warmed HTTP session.
+    """GET an Instagram web endpoint through a warmed session; parse JSON.
 
     Returns parsed JSON (dict or list), or ``None`` on 404 / non-block failure.
-    Warms cookies once per session; rotates the residential IP and re-warms on
+    See :func:`_fetch` for the warm/rotate/backoff resilience contract.
-    401/403; backs off on 429. Raises :class:`InstagramAccessBlockedError` only
+    """
-    when every rotated IP refuses anonymous access (the login-wall branch, which
+    return await _fetch(path, params, _parse_json)
-    we cannot satisfy).
+
+
+async def fetch_html(path: str, params: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> str | None:
+    """GET an Instagram web page through a warmed session; return its HTML text.
+
+    Same warm/rotate/backoff resilience as :func:`fetch_json` (a login-wall
+    redirect still raises :class:`InstagramAccessBlockedError`), but hands back
+    the raw HTML body for the pages that embed their data in the document
+    (``/p/<shortcode>/`` og-meta / ld+json) instead of a JSON XHR endpoint.
+    """
+    return await _fetch(path, params, _page_text)
+
+
+async def _fetch(
+    path: str,
+    params: dict[str, Any] | None,
+    extract: Callable[[Any], Any | None],
+) -> Any | None:
+    """GET an Instagram web endpoint through a warmed HTTP session.
+
+    Applies ``extract`` to the 200 response (JSON parse or HTML text); returns
+    ``None`` on 404 / non-block failure. Warms cookies once per session; rotates
+    the residential IP and re-warms on 401/403; backs off on 429. Raises
+    :class:`InstagramAccessBlockedError` only when every rotated IP refuses
+    anonymous access (the login-wall branch, which we cannot satisfy).
     """
     holder = _current_session.get()
     if holder is None:
         # No bound session (e.g. a direct call outside fan_out): open a
         # short-lived warmed session for this one fetch, then tear it down.
         async with proxy_session():
-            return await fetch_json(path, params)
+            return await _fetch(path, params, extract)
 
     url = _build_url(path, params)
     attempt = 0
@@ -357,7 +390,7 @@ async def fetch_json(path: str, params: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> Any | N
                     f"Instagram login wall on {path} (endpoint requires auth)"
                 )
             if status == 200:
-                return _parse_json(page)
+                return extract(page)
             if status == 404:
                 return None
             if status == _BACKOFF_STATUS and backoffs < _MAX_BACKOFFS:
@@ -369,13 +402,9 @@ async def fetch_json(path: str, params: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> Any | N
                 await asyncio.sleep(delay + random.uniform(0, 1))
                 continue
             if status in _ROTATE_STATUSES:
-                # Bare 401/403 on a login-gated endpoint: rotating never clears an
+                # Bare 401/403: a per-IP block that a fresh exit IP recovers, so
-                # endpoint auth wall, so fail fast (mirrors the login-redirect
+                # rotate and re-warm. (The endpoint-level auth wall is caught by
-                # branch above). Other endpoints rotate — a per-IP 401 recovers.
+                # the login-redirect branch above and fails fast without rotating.)
-                if any(p in path for p in _AUTH_WALLED_PATHS):
-                    raise InstagramAccessBlockedError(
-                        f"Instagram login wall on {path} (endpoint requires auth)"
-                    )
                 if attempt < _MAX_ROTATIONS:
                     attempt += 1
                     await holder.rotate()

surfsense_backend/app/proprietary/platforms/instagram/parsers.py

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ parity is additive.
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import json
 import re
 from datetime import UTC, datetime
 from typing import Any
@@ -136,28 +137,6 @@ def parse_media(node: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
     }
 
 
-def parse_comment(node: dict[str, Any], *, post_url: str | None) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    """Map a raw comment node to a flat comment item dict."""
-    owner = node.get("owner") if isinstance(node.get("owner"), dict) else {}
-    code = _shortcode(node)
-    return {
-        "id": node.get("id"),
-        "postUrl": post_url,
-        "commentUrl": f"{_BASE}/p/{code}/c/{node.get('id')}/" if code else None,
-        "text": node.get("text"),
-        "ownerUsername": owner.get("username"),
-        "ownerProfilePicUrl": owner.get("profile_pic_url"),
-        "timestamp": _utc_from_sec(node.get("created_at")),
-        "repliesCount": _edge_count(node, "edge_threaded_comments")
-        or _int(node.get("child_comment_count")),
-        "likesCount": _edge_count(node, "edge_liked_by")
-        or _int(node.get("comment_like_count")),
-        "owner": {"id": owner.get("id"), "username": owner.get("username")}
-        if owner
-        else None,
-    }
-
-
 def parse_profile(user: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
     """Map a raw ``web_profile_info`` ``data.user`` to a flat profile item dict."""
     username = user.get("username")
@@ -185,39 +164,162 @@ def parse_profile(user: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
     }
 
 
-def parse_hashtag(data: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+# Anonymous single-post extraction (/p/<shortcode>/, /reel/<shortcode>/) --------
-    """Map a raw ``tags/web_info`` payload to a flat hashtag item dict."""
+#
-    node = data.get("data") if isinstance(data.get("data"), dict) else data
+# Instagram serves logged-out visitors the post's public metadata inside the
-    name = node.get("name")
+# document itself, not via a JSON XHR (the ``?__a=1`` API 404s / login-walls for
-    top = _edges(node.get("edge_hashtag_to_top_posts"))
+# anonymous callers). Two durable, anonymous surfaces carry it:
-    recent = _edges(node.get("edge_hashtag_to_media"))
+#   1. ``<script type="application/ld+json">`` — schema.org VideoObject/ImageObject
-    return {
+#      with author, caption (articleBody/caption), uploadDate, interactionStatistic
-        "detailKind": "hashtag",
+#      (likes/comments), and the media URL.
-        "id": node.get("id"),
+#   2. Open Graph ``<meta property="og:*">`` — a lossy fallback (og:description
-        "name": name,
+#      packs "N likes, M comments - author on DATE: caption").
-        "url": f"{_BASE}/explore/tags/{name}/" if name else None,
+# ld+json is preferred; og fills gaps. ponytail: pinned to these two surfaces —
-        "postsCount": _edge_count(node, "edge_hashtag_to_media"),
+# if a live probe shows a different embedded blob (e.g. a PolarisPost JSON), add a
-        "topPosts": [parse_media(n) for n in top],
+# branch here; the wiring in scraper._media_flow stays the same.
-        "posts": [parse_media(n) for n in recent],
+
-    }
+_LDJSON_RE = re.compile(
+    r'<script[^>]+type="application/ld\+json"[^>]*>(.*?)</script>',
+    re.IGNORECASE | re.DOTALL,
+)
+_OG_RE = re.compile(
+    r'<meta\s+property="og:([^"]+)"\s+content="([^"]*)"', re.IGNORECASE
+)
+# og:description shape: "1,234 likes, 56 comments - author on 2024-01-02 ..."
+_OG_COUNTS_RE = re.compile(
+    r"([\d.,]+)\s+likes?,\s*([\d.,]+)\s+comments?", re.IGNORECASE
+)
 
 
-def parse_place(data: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+def _html_int(value: Any) -> int | None:
-    """Map a raw ``locations/web_info`` payload to a flat place item dict."""
+    """Coerce a string/number (``"1,234"``) to int, or ``None``."""
-    loc = data.get("location") if isinstance(data.get("location"), dict) else data
+    if isinstance(value, bool):
-    recent = _edges(loc.get("edge_location_to_media"))
+        return None
+    if isinstance(value, int | float):
+        return int(value)
+    if isinstance(value, str):
+        digits = value.replace(",", "").strip()
+        if digits.isdigit():
+            return int(digits)
+    return None
+
+
+def _ldjson_blocks(html: str) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+    """Parse every ``application/ld+json`` script block into dicts."""
+    out: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+    for raw in _LDJSON_RE.findall(html):
+        try:
+            data = json.loads(raw.strip())
+        except (ValueError, TypeError):
+            continue
+        for node in data if isinstance(data, list) else [data]:
+            if isinstance(node, dict):
+                out.append(node)
+    return out
+
+
+def _og_tags(html: str) -> dict[str, str]:
+    """Map ``og:<key>`` -> content for the post document."""
+    return {k.lower(): v for k, v in _OG_RE.findall(html)}
+
+
+def _ld_interaction(node: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, int]:
+    """Pull like/comment counts out of schema.org ``interactionStatistic``."""
+    stats = node.get("interactionStatistic")
+    items = stats if isinstance(stats, list) else [stats] if stats else []
+    out: dict[str, int] = {}
+    for stat in items:
+        if not isinstance(stat, dict):
+            continue
+        itype = str(stat.get("interactionType") or "")
+        count = _html_int(stat.get("userInteractionCount"))
+        if count is None:
+            continue
+        if "Like" in itype:
+            out["likes"] = count
+        elif "Comment" in itype:
+            out["comments"] = count
+    return out
+
+
+def _ld_author_username(node: dict[str, Any]) -> str | None:
+    """Owner handle from a schema.org ``author`` (alternateName / identifier)."""
+    author = node.get("author")
+    author = author[0] if isinstance(author, list) and author else author
+    if not isinstance(author, dict):
+        return None
+    for key in ("alternateName", "identifier", "name"):
+        val = author.get(key)
+        if isinstance(val, dict):
+            val = val.get("value")
+        if isinstance(val, str) and val.strip():
+            return val.strip().lstrip("@") or None
+    return None
+
+
+def parse_post(html: str | None, *, url: str, shortcode: str | None = None) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+    """Map an anonymous ``/p/<code>/`` (or ``/reel/``) HTML page to a media dict.
+
+    Prefers the embedded schema.org ``ld+json`` block, falling back to Open Graph
+    meta tags for whatever it omits. Returns a dict shaped like
+    :func:`parse_media` (so it flows through ``InstagramMediaItem`` unchanged), or
+    ``None`` when the document carries neither surface (e.g. a login interstitial
+    slipped past the fetch-layer redirect check — the caller treats ``None`` as
+    "nothing to emit", never a silent success).
+    """
+    if not isinstance(html, str) or not html.strip():
+        return None
+    blocks = _ldjson_blocks(html)
+    og = _og_tags(html)
+    if not blocks and not og:
+        return None
+
+    node = next(
+        (b for b in blocks if str(b.get("@type", "")).endswith(("Object", "Post"))),
+        blocks[0] if blocks else {},
+    )
+    counts = _ld_interaction(node)
+    if "likes" not in counts or "comments" not in counts:
+        m = _OG_COUNTS_RE.search(og.get("description", ""))
+        if m:
+            counts.setdefault("likes", _html_int(m.group(1)) or 0)
+            counts.setdefault("comments", _html_int(m.group(2)) or 0)
+
+    caption = (
+        node.get("articleBody")
+        or node.get("caption")
+        or node.get("description")
+        or og.get("description")
+    )
+    caption = caption if isinstance(caption, str) else None
+
+    video = node.get("video")
+    video = video[0] if isinstance(video, list) and video else video
+    video_url = (
+        video.get("contentUrl") if isinstance(video, dict) else None
+    ) or og.get("video")
+    is_video = bool(video_url) or og.get("type") == "video.other"
+
+    image = node.get("image")
+    image = image[0] if isinstance(image, list) and image else image
+    display_url = (
+        image.get("url") if isinstance(image, dict) else image
+        if isinstance(image, str)
+        else None
+    ) or og.get("image")
+
     return {
-        "detailKind": "place",
+        "id": node.get("identifier") if isinstance(node.get("identifier"), str) else None,
-        "name": loc.get("name"),
+        "type": "Video" if is_video else "Image",
-        "location_id": str(loc.get("id")) if loc.get("id") is not None else None,
+        "shortCode": shortcode,
-        "slug": loc.get("slug"),
+        "caption": caption,
-        "lat": loc.get("lat"),
+        "hashtags": _HASHTAG_RE.findall(caption) if caption else [],
-        "lng": loc.get("lng"),
+        "mentions": _MENTION_RE.findall(caption) if caption else [],
-        "location_address": loc.get("address_json") or loc.get("address"),
+        "url": url,
-        "location_city": loc.get("city"),
+        "commentsCount": counts.get("comments"),
-        "phone": loc.get("phone"),
+        "displayUrl": display_url,
-        "website": loc.get("website"),
+        "videoUrl": video_url if is_video else None,
-        "category": loc.get("category"),
+        "likesCount": counts.get("likes"),
-        "media_count": _edge_count(loc, "edge_location_to_media"),
+        "timestamp": node.get("uploadDate") or node.get("datePublished"),
-        "posts": [parse_media(n) for n in recent],
+        "ownerUsername": _ld_author_username(node),
     }

surfsense_backend/app/proprietary/platforms/instagram/schemas.py

@@ -19,11 +19,8 @@ from typing import Any, Literal
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
 
-InstagramResultsType = Literal[
+InstagramResultsType = Literal["posts", "details", "reels", "mentions"]
-    "posts", "details", "comments", "reels", "mentions", "stories"
+InstagramSearchType = Literal["profile", "user"]
-]
-InstagramSearchType = Literal["hashtag", "profile", "place", "user"]
-InstagramDetailKind = Literal["profile", "hashtag", "place"]
 
 
 class InstagramScrapeInput(BaseModel):
@@ -41,12 +38,10 @@ class InstagramScrapeInput(BaseModel):
     resultsLimit: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1)
     onlyPostsNewerThan: str | None = None
     search: str | None = None
-    searchType: InstagramSearchType = "hashtag"
+    searchType: InstagramSearchType = "profile"
     searchLimit: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1, le=250)
     addParentData: bool = False
     skipPinnedPosts: bool = False
-    isNewestComments: bool = False
-    includeNestedComments: bool = False
     addProfileStatistics: bool = False
 
 
@@ -109,22 +104,6 @@ class InstagramMediaItem(_ItemBase):
     dataSource: dict[str, Any] | None = None
 
 
-class InstagramComment(_ItemBase):
-    """A comment on a post / reel."""
-
-    id: str | None = None
-    postUrl: str | None = None
-    commentUrl: str | None = None
-    text: str | None = None
-    ownerUsername: str | None = None
-    ownerProfilePicUrl: str | None = None
-    timestamp: str | None = None
-    repliesCount: int | None = None
-    replies: list[dict[str, Any]] = Field(default_factory=list)
-    likesCount: int | None = None
-    owner: dict[str, Any] | None = None
-
-
 class InstagramProfile(_ItemBase):
     """A profile detail item (``detailKind = "profile"``)."""
 
@@ -149,39 +128,3 @@ class InstagramProfile(_ItemBase):
     relatedProfiles: list[dict[str, Any]] = Field(default_factory=list)
     latestPosts: list[dict[str, Any]] = Field(default_factory=list)
     statistics: dict[str, Any] | None = None
-
-
-class InstagramHashtag(_ItemBase):
-    """A hashtag detail item (``detailKind = "hashtag"``)."""
-
-    detailKind: Literal["hashtag"] = "hashtag"
-    id: str | None = None
-    name: str | None = None
-    url: str | None = None
-    postsCount: int | None = None
-    topPosts: list[dict[str, Any]] = Field(default_factory=list)
-    posts: list[dict[str, Any]] = Field(default_factory=list)
-    related: list[dict[str, Any]] = Field(default_factory=list)
-    searchTerm: str | None = None
-    searchSource: str | None = None
-
-
-class InstagramPlace(_ItemBase):
-    """A place detail item (``detailKind = "place"``)."""
-
-    detailKind: Literal["place"] = "place"
-    name: str | None = None
-    location_id: str | None = None
-    slug: str | None = None
-    lat: float | None = None
-    lng: float | None = None
-    location_address: str | None = None
-    location_city: str | None = None
-    location_zip: str | None = None
-    phone: str | None = None
-    website: str | None = None
-    category: str | None = None
-    media_count: int | None = None
-    posts: list[dict[str, Any]] = Field(default_factory=list)
-    searchTerm: str | None = None
-    searchSource: str | None = None

surfsense_backend/app/proprietary/platforms/instagram/scraper.py

@@ -10,11 +10,15 @@ stays sequential. ``fan_out`` is ported from ``../reddit/scraper.py`` but bound
 to *this* module's proxy holders so every worker warms its own session once and
 reuses it.
 
+Anonymous-only. Every surface here is reachable without a login: profile web
+info, the media embedded in a profile page, single-post/reel pages, and
+Google-backed handle discovery. Login-walled surfaces (hashtag/place feeds,
+comment threads, IG's native keyword search) are deliberately absent.
+
 Flows are selected by ``resultsType``:
-- ``posts`` / ``reels`` / ``mentions`` -> media items (profile / hashtag feeds,
+- ``posts`` / ``reels`` / ``mentions`` -> media items (profile feed, or a single
-  or discovery search)
+  ``/p/``/``/reel/`` page, or discovery search)
-- ``comments`` -> comment items for post/reel URLs
+- ``details`` -> profile metadata (by URL or discovery search)
-- ``details`` -> profile / hashtag / place metadata (by URL or discovery search)
 
 ponytail: deep feed pagination (past the first web page of media) needs the
 GraphQL cursor endpoint whose doc-id drifts; v1 emits the first page and stops.
@@ -32,20 +36,18 @@ from contextlib import aclosing
 from datetime import UTC, datetime, timedelta
 from typing import Any
 
+from app.proprietary.platforms.google_search.schemas import GoogleSearchScrapeInput
+from app.proprietary.platforms.google_search.scraper import scrape_serps
+
 from .fetch import (
     InstagramAccessBlockedError,
     bind_proxy_holder,
+    fetch_html,
     fetch_json,
     now_iso,
     open_proxy_holder,
 )
-from .parsers import (
+from .parsers import parse_media, parse_post, parse_profile
-    parse_comment,
-    parse_hashtag,
-    parse_media,
-    parse_place,
-    parse_profile,
-)
 from .schemas import InstagramScrapeInput
 from .url_resolver import ResolvedUrl, resolve_url
 
@@ -62,14 +64,7 @@ __all__ = [
 # residential pool with parallel login walls.
 _FANOUT_CONCURRENCY = 8
 
-# Per-post comment fetches fan across their own warm sessions; kept below the
-# top-level width so N concurrent targets x this can't explode the IP count.
-_COMMENT_CONCURRENCY = 4
-
 _PROFILE_PATH = "api/v1/users/web_profile_info/"
-_HASHTAG_PATH = "api/v1/tags/web_info/"
-_LOCATION_PATH = "api/v1/locations/web_info/"
-_SEARCH_PATH = "web/search/topsearch/"
 
 # Instagram usernames: 1-30 chars of letters/digits/period/underscore. Used to
 # treat a profile/user discovery query as a direct (anonymous) handle lookup.
@@ -235,7 +230,7 @@ async def _media_flow(
     cutoff: datetime | None,
     per_target: int,
 ) -> AsyncIterator[dict[str, Any]]:
-    """Emit media items for a profile / hashtag / place URL."""
+    """Emit media items for a profile feed, or a single ``/p/``/``/reel/`` page."""
     from .parsers import _edges
 
     result_type = input_model.resultsType
@@ -258,128 +253,95 @@ async def _media_flow(
             if emitted >= per_target:
                 return
         return
-    if resolved.kind == "hashtag":
+    if resolved.kind in ("post", "reel"):
-        data = await fetch_json(_HASHTAG_PATH, {"tag_name": resolved.value})
+        # Single-post extraction: the anonymous ``?__a=1`` JSON API 404s/login-
-        if isinstance(data, dict):
+        # walls, but the public /p/<code>/ document embeds the post's og-meta +
-            parsed = parse_hashtag(data)
+        # ld+json, which parse_post reads. Numeric-ID URLs can't be keyed this
-            emitted = 0
+        # way (the page needs the shortCode), so they're skipped upstream.
-            for node in [*parsed.get("topPosts", []), *parsed.get("posts", [])]:
+        if resolved.numeric_post_id:
-                if not _media_matches(node, result_type):
-                    continue
-                if not _is_after(node.get("timestamp"), cutoff):
-                    continue
-                yield _emit(node, input_url=resolved.url)
-                emitted += 1
-                if emitted >= per_target:
-                    return
-        return
-    if resolved.kind == "place":
-        data = await fetch_json(_LOCATION_PATH, {"location_id": resolved.value})
-        if isinstance(data, dict):
-            parsed = parse_place(data)
-            emitted = 0
-            for node in parsed.get("posts", []):
-                if not _is_after(node.get("timestamp"), cutoff):
-                    continue
-                yield _emit(node, input_url=resolved.url)
-                emitted += 1
-                if emitted >= per_target:
-                    return
-        return
-
-
-async def _comments_flow(
-    resolved: ResolvedUrl,
-    *,
-    input_model: InstagramScrapeInput,
-    per_target: int,
-) -> AsyncIterator[dict[str, Any]]:
-    """Emit comment items for a post / reel URL.
-
-    ponytail: the anonymous comment page uses a GraphQL cursor whose doc-id
-    drifts; v1 sources the comments embedded in the media info payload and caps
-    at the actor's 50/post ceiling. Deeper paging is the upgrade path in
-    ``fetch.py``.
-    """
-    from .parsers import _edges
-
-    path = f"p/{resolved.value}/"
-    data = await fetch_json(path, {"__a": 1, "__d": "dis"})
-    node = None
-    if isinstance(data, dict):
-        items = data.get("items")
-        if isinstance(items, list) and items:
-            node = items[0]
-        else:
-            gql = data.get("graphql")
-            node = gql.get("shortcode_media") if isinstance(gql, dict) else None
-    if not isinstance(node, dict):
-        return
-    comment_nodes = _edges(node.get("edge_media_to_parent_comment")) or _edges(
-        node.get("edge_media_to_comment")
-    )
-    cap = min(per_target, 50)
-    emitted = 0
-    for cnode in comment_nodes:
-        item = parse_comment(cnode, post_url=resolved.url)
-        yield _emit(item, input_url=resolved.url)
-        emitted += 1
-        if input_model.includeNestedComments:
-            for reply in _edges(cnode.get("edge_threaded_comments")):
-                if emitted >= cap:
-                    return
-                yield _emit(
-                    parse_comment(reply, post_url=resolved.url),
-                    input_url=resolved.url,
-                )
-                emitted += 1
-        if emitted >= cap:
             return
+        html = await fetch_html(f"p/{resolved.value}/")
+        item = parse_post(html, url=resolved.url, shortcode=resolved.value)
+        if item is None:
+            return
+        if not _media_matches(item, result_type):
+            return
+        if not _is_after(item.get("timestamp"), cutoff):
+            return
+        yield _emit(item, input_url=resolved.url)
+        return
 
 
 async def _details_flow(
     resolved: ResolvedUrl, *, input_model: InstagramScrapeInput
 ) -> AsyncIterator[dict[str, Any]]:
-    """Emit one profile / hashtag / place detail item for a URL."""
+    """Emit one profile detail item for a URL (anonymous web_profile_info)."""
     if resolved.kind == "profile":
         user = await _profile_user(resolved.value)
         if user is not None:
             yield _emit(parse_profile(user), input_url=resolved.url)
-        return
+
-    if resolved.kind == "hashtag":
+
-        data = await fetch_json(_HASHTAG_PATH, {"tag_name": resolved.value})
+def _kind_matches(resolved: ResolvedUrl, search_type: str) -> bool:
-        if isinstance(data, dict):
+    """True if a resolved IG URL is the kind the discovery query asked for.
-            yield _emit(parse_hashtag(data), input_url=resolved.url)
+
-        return
+    Discovery is profile-only now (hashtag/place feeds are login-walled), so
-    if resolved.kind == "place":
+    every supported ``search_type`` maps to a profile target.
-        data = await fetch_json(_LOCATION_PATH, {"location_id": resolved.value})
+    """
-        if isinstance(data, dict):
+    return resolved.kind == "profile"
-            yield _emit(parse_place(data), input_url=resolved.url)
+
-        return
+
+async def _discover_via_google(
+    query: str, *, search_type: str, limit: int
+) -> list[ResolvedUrl]:
+    """Discover IG profile targets via Google ``site:instagram.com`` (anonymous).
+
+    Instagram's own keyword search is login-walled, so we reuse the existing
+    ``google_search`` platform, classify each organic URL with ``resolve_url``,
+    keep the profile hits, de-dup, and cap at ``limit``.
+
+    Quality caveat: results reflect Google's index/ranking of instagram.com, not
+    IG's own relevance. This is discovery, not search parity (see README).
+    """
+    serps = await scrape_serps(
+        GoogleSearchScrapeInput(
+            queries=query, site="instagram.com", maxPagesPerQuery=2
+        ),
+        limit=2,
+    )
+    resolved: list[ResolvedUrl] = []
+    seen: set[tuple[str, str]] = set()
+    for serp in serps:
+        for org in serp.get("organicResults") or []:
+            url = org.get("url", "") if isinstance(org, dict) else ""
+            r = resolve_url(url)
+            if r is None or not _kind_matches(r, search_type):
+                continue
+            key = (r.kind, r.value)
+            if key in seen:
+                continue
+            seen.add(key)
+            resolved.append(r)
+            if len(resolved) >= limit:
+                return resolved
+    return resolved
 
 
 async def _discover(
     query: str, *, search_type: str, limit: int
 ) -> list[ResolvedUrl]:
-    """Resolve a discovery query into targets - anonymously.
+    """Resolve a discovery query into profile targets - anonymously.
 
-    Instagram's keyword search (``topsearch``) is login-walled, so we never call
+    A query that is a valid handle resolves directly against the anonymous
-    it. A profile/user query is resolved as a direct handle lookup against the
+    profile endpoint ("messi" -> instagram.com/messi/). A non-handle query (e.g.
-    anonymous profile endpoint ("messi" -> instagram.com/messi/). Hashtag/place
+    "national geographic") goes through Google ``site:instagram.com`` since IG's
-    keyword discovery has NO anonymous endpoint (topsearch and the tag/location
+    native keyword search is login-walled.
-    feeds all require a session), so we surface a clear block instead of a
-    misleading empty success.
     """
-    if search_type in ("profile", "user"):
+    handle = query.strip().lstrip("@")
-        handle = query.strip().lstrip("@")
+    if _HANDLE_RE.match(handle):
-        if _HANDLE_RE.match(handle):
+        url = f"https://www.instagram.com/{handle}/"
-            url = f"https://www.instagram.com/{handle}/"
+        return [ResolvedUrl("profile", handle, url)][:limit]
-            return [ResolvedUrl("profile", handle, url)][:limit]
+    return await _discover_via_google(query, search_type=search_type, limit=limit)
-        return []  # not a handle, and no anonymous fuzzy search -> nothing to do
-    raise InstagramAccessBlockedError(
-        f"Instagram {search_type} search requires login and is unavailable in "
-        "anonymous mode - pass a profile URL or handle via directUrls instead"
-    )
 
 
 def _resolve_inputs(input_model: InstagramScrapeInput) -> list[ResolvedUrl]:
@@ -425,17 +387,6 @@ async def iter_instagram(
     cutoff = _parse_newer_than(input_model.onlyPostsNewerThan)
     per_target = input_model.resultsLimit or 10
 
-    if result_type == "comments":
-        jobs = [
-            _comments_flow(r, input_model=input_model, per_target=per_target)
-            for r in targets
-            if r.kind in ("post", "reel")
-        ]
-        async with aclosing(fan_out(jobs, concurrency=_COMMENT_CONCURRENCY)) as stream:
-            async for item in stream:
-                yield item
-        return
-
     if result_type == "details":
         jobs = [_details_flow(r, input_model=input_model) for r in targets]
         async with aclosing(fan_out(jobs)) as stream:

surfsense_backend/app/proprietary/platforms/instagram/url_resolver.py

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 """Classify and normalize an Instagram URL into a scrape job.
 
-Covers the supported ``directUrls`` shapes: a profile, a post (``/p/``), a reel
+Covers the anonymously-scrapable ``directUrls`` shapes: a profile, a post
-(``/reel/``), a hashtag (``/explore/tags/``), and a place
+(``/p/``), and a reel (``/reel/``), plus bare profile IDs. Hashtag and place
-(``/explore/locations/``), plus bare profile IDs. Non-Instagram hosts resolve to
+URLs are deliberately unsupported — their feeds are login-walled for anonymous
-``None`` so the orchestrator can skip them. Mirrors the frozen ``ResolvedUrl``
+callers (use Google-backed discovery + single-post extraction instead).
-dataclass shape of ``../reddit/url_resolver.py``.
+Non-Instagram hosts resolve to ``None`` so the orchestrator can skip them.
+Mirrors the frozen ``ResolvedUrl`` dataclass shape of ``../reddit/url_resolver.py``.
 
 Normalization rules (from the reference spec):
 - ``_u/`` and ``/profilecard/`` segments are stripped.
 - Story URLs (``/stories/<user>/...``) reduce to the profile.
-- Location URLs are valid with the numeric ID alone (no trailing slug).
+- Numeric post-ID URLs cannot be single-post-extracted anonymously (the HTML
-- Numeric post-ID URLs are only valid for the ``comments`` flow; elsewhere the
+  page keys on the shortCode), so they resolve with ``numeric_post_id`` set and
-  shortCode form is required, so a numeric-ID URL resolves with
+  the media flow skips them.
-  ``numeric_post_id`` set and callers reject it outside comments.
 - ``share/`` redirect resolution is handled at fetch time (network), not here.
 """
 
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ from dataclasses import dataclass
 from typing import Literal
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
 
-ResolvedKind = Literal["profile", "post", "reel", "hashtag", "place"]
+ResolvedKind = Literal["profile", "post", "reel"]
 
 _INSTAGRAM_HOSTS = frozenset(
     {"m.instagram.com", "www.instagram.com", "instagram.com"}
@@ -75,11 +75,6 @@ def resolve_url(url: str) -> ResolvedUrl | None:
     if not segments:
         return None
     head = segments[0]
-    if head == "explore" and len(segments) >= 3 and segments[1] == "tags":
-        return ResolvedUrl("hashtag", segments[2], url)
-    if head == "explore" and len(segments) >= 3 and segments[1] == "locations":
-        slug = segments[3] if len(segments) >= 4 else None
-        return ResolvedUrl("place", segments[2], url, slug=slug)
     if head == "p" and len(segments) >= 2:
         code = segments[1]
         return ResolvedUrl("post", code, url, numeric_post_id=code.isdigit())