diff --git a/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_action.py b/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_action.py
index b624dff5a..0138d41ce 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_action.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_action.py
@@ -13,14 +13,13 @@ def test_action_serialize():
     action = Action()
     ser_action_dict = action.dict()
     assert "name" in ser_action_dict
-    assert "llm" in ser_action_dict
+    assert "llm" not in ser_action_dict
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_action_deserialize():
     action = Action()
     serialized_data = action.dict()
-    assert isinstance(serialized_data["llm"], OpenAIGPTAPI)
 
     new_action = Action(**serialized_data)
 
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_product_manager.py b/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_product_manager.py
index 54584cf96..25bc07a11 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_product_manager.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_product_manager.py
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ async def test_product_manager_deserialize():
     role = ProductManager()
     ser_role_dict = role.dict(by_alias=True)
     new_role = ProductManager(**ser_role_dict)
-    # new_role = ProductManager().deserialize(ser_role_dict)
 
     assert new_role.name == "Alice"
     assert len(new_role._actions) == 1
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_role.py b/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_role.py
index f260dea3a..c21b9cc2e 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_role.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_role.py
@@ -17,7 +17,15 @@ from metagpt.const import SERDESER_PATH
 from metagpt.roles.engineer import Engineer
 from metagpt.utils.utils import format_trackback_info
 
-from tests.metagpt.serialize_deserialize.test_serdeser_base import RoleC, serdeser_path
+from tests.metagpt.serialize_deserialize.test_serdeser_base import RoleA, RoleB, RoleC, serdeser_path
+
+
+def test_roles():
+    role_a = RoleA()
+    assert len(role_a._rc.watch) == 1
+    role_b = RoleB()
+    assert len(role_a._rc.watch) == 1
+    assert len(role_b._rc.watch) == 1
 
 
 def test_role_serialize():
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_serdeser_base.py b/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_serdeser_base.py
index 35bad6cd9..00d894b3d 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_serdeser_base.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_serdeser_base.py
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ from pathlib import Path
 from metagpt.actions.action import Action
 from metagpt.roles.role import Role, RoleReactMode
 from metagpt.actions.add_requirement import BossRequirement
+from metagpt.actions.action_output import ActionOutput
 
 
 serdeser_path = Path(__file__).absolute().parent.joinpath("../../data/serdeser_storage")
@@ -22,21 +23,27 @@ class MockMessage(BaseModel):
 class ActionPass(Action):
     name: str = "ActionPass"
 
-    async def run(self, messages: list["Message"]):
-        return "pass"
+    async def run(self, messages: list["Message"]) -> ActionOutput:
+        output_mapping = {
+            "result": (str, ...)
+        }
+        pass_class = ActionOutput.create_model_class("pass", output_mapping)
+        pass_output = ActionOutput("ActionPass run passed", pass_class(**{"result": "pass result"}))
+
+        return pass_output
 
 
 class ActionOK(Action):
     name: str = "ActionOK"
 
-    async def run(self, messages: list["Message"]):
+    async def run(self, messages: list["Message"]) -> str:
         return "ok"
 
 
 class ActionRaise(Action):
     name: str = "ActionRaise"
 
-    async def run(self, messages: list["Message"]):
+    async def run(self, messages: list["Message"]) -> str:
         raise RuntimeError("parse error in ActionRaise")
 
 
@@ -48,7 +55,8 @@ class RoleA(Role):
     constraints: str = "RoleA's constraints"
 
     def __init__(self, **kwargs):
-        super(RoleA, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+        # super(RoleA, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
         self._init_actions([ActionPass])
         self._watch([BossRequirement])
 
@@ -63,7 +71,8 @@ class RoleB(Role):
     constraints: str = "RoleB's constraints"
 
     def __init__(self, **kwargs):
-        super(RoleB, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+        # super(RoleB, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
         self._init_actions([ActionOK, ActionRaise])
         self._watch([ActionPass])
         self._rc.react_mode = RoleReactMode.BY_ORDER
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_team.py b/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_team.py
index e9122ebc0..b8972135b 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_team.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_team.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from metagpt.roles import ProjectManager, ProductManager, Architect
 from metagpt.team import Team
 from metagpt.const import SERDESER_PATH
 
-from tests.metagpt.serialize_deserialize.test_serdeser_base import RoleA, RoleB, RoleC, serdeser_path
+from tests.metagpt.serialize_deserialize.test_serdeser_base import RoleA, RoleB, RoleC, serdeser_path, ActionOK
 
 
 def test_team_deserialize():
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_wrire_prd.py b/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_wrire_prd.py
index 96b4d19ad..05a86cb7f 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_wrire_prd.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_wrire_prd.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ async def test_action_deserialize():
     action = WritePRD()
     serialized_data = action.dict()
     new_action = WritePRD(**serialized_data)
-    # new_action = WritePRD().deserialize(serialized_data)
     assert new_action.name == ""
     assert new_action.llm == LLM()
-    assert len(await new_action.run([Message(content="write a cli snake game")])) > 0
+    action_output = await new_action.run([Message(content="write a cli snake game")])
+    assert len(action_output.content) > 0
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_write_code.py b/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_write_code.py
index 7f4799014..4e3b712c0 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_write_code.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_write_code.py
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ async def test_write_code_deserialize():
     action = WriteCode()
     serialized_data = action.dict()
     new_action = WriteCode(**serialized_data)
-    # new_action = WriteCode().deserialize(serialized_data)
     assert new_action.name == "WriteCode"
     assert new_action.llm == LLM()
     await new_action.run(context="write a cli snake game", filename="test_code")
@@ -38,7 +37,6 @@ async def test_write_code_review_deserialize():
     action = WriteCodeReview()
     serialized_data = action.dict()
     new_action = WriteCodeReview(**serialized_data)
-    # new_action = WriteCodeReview().deserialize(serialized_data)
     code = await WriteCode().run(context="write a cli snake game", filename="test_code")
 
     assert new_action.name == "WriteCodeReview"
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_write_design.py b/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_write_design.py
index e6e236676..5b2a30ed3 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_write_design.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/serialize_deserialize/test_write_design.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ def test_write_task_serialize():
 async def test_write_design_deserialize():
     action = WriteDesign()
     serialized_data = action.dict()
-    new_action = WriteDesign().deserialize(serialized_data)
+    new_action = WriteDesign(**serialized_data)
     assert new_action.name == ""
     assert new_action.llm == LLM()
     await new_action.run(context="write a cli snake game")
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ async def test_write_task_deserialize():
     action = WriteTasks()
     serialized_data = action.dict()
     new_action = WriteTasks(**serialized_data)
-    # new_action = WriteTasks().deserialize(serialized_data)
     assert new_action.name == "CreateTasks"
     assert new_action.llm == LLM()
     await new_action.run(context="write a cli snake game")