diff --git a/examples/agent_creator.py b/examples/agent_creator.py
index 34160d398..bd58840ce 100644
--- a/examples/agent_creator.py
+++ b/examples/agent_creator.py
@@ -6,13 +6,12 @@ Author: garylin2099
 import re
 
 from metagpt.actions import Action
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.const import METAGPT_ROOT
 from metagpt.logs import logger
 from metagpt.roles import Role
 from metagpt.schema import Message
 
-config = Config.default()
 EXAMPLE_CODE_FILE = METAGPT_ROOT / "examples/build_customized_agent.py"
 MULTI_ACTION_AGENT_CODE_EXAMPLE = EXAMPLE_CODE_FILE.read_text()
 
diff --git a/examples/di/interacting_with_human.py b/examples/di/interacting_with_human.py
index c0ce02a40..a02f7c3bc 100644
--- a/examples/di/interacting_with_human.py
+++ b/examples/di/interacting_with_human.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import fire
+
 from metagpt.environment.mgx.mgx_env import MGXEnv
 from metagpt.logs import logger
 from metagpt.roles.di.team_leader import TeamLeader
diff --git a/examples/rag/rag_bm.py b/examples/rag/rag_bm.py
index a6a1145b5..99a546010 100644
--- a/examples/rag/rag_bm.py
+++ b/examples/rag/rag_bm.py
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 """RAG benchmark pipeline"""
 
 import asyncio
diff --git a/examples/ui_with_chainlit/app.py b/examples/ui_with_chainlit/app.py
index 3b449a12c..1522bd478 100644
--- a/examples/ui_with_chainlit/app.py
+++ b/examples/ui_with_chainlit/app.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from pathlib import Path
+
 import chainlit as cl
 from init_setup import ChainlitEnv
 
@@ -67,8 +69,8 @@ async def startup(message: cl.Message) -> None:
 
     await company.run(n_round=5)
 
-    workdir = company.env.context.git_repo.workdir
-    files = company.env.context.git_repo.get_files(workdir)
+    workdir = Path(company.env.context.config.project_path)
+    files = [file.name for file in workdir.iterdir() if file.is_file()]
     files = "\n".join([f"{workdir}/{file}" for file in files if not file.startswith(".git")])
 
     await cl.Message(
diff --git a/examples/write_design.py b/examples/write_design.py
index 7eaa1a87b..fbbe9e1f0 100644
--- a/examples/write_design.py
+++ b/examples/write_design.py
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 import asyncio
 
+from metagpt.environment.mgx.mgx_env import MGXEnv
 from metagpt.logs import logger
 from metagpt.roles.architect import Architect
-from metagpt.environment.mgx.mgx_env import MGXEnv
-from metagpt.schema import Message
 from metagpt.roles.di.team_leader import TeamLeader
+from metagpt.schema import Message
 
 
 async def main():
diff --git a/metagpt/actions/requirement_analysis/framework/__init__.py b/metagpt/actions/requirement_analysis/framework/__init__.py
index 5e0653088..968effd86 100644
--- a/metagpt/actions/requirement_analysis/framework/__init__.py
+++ b/metagpt/actions/requirement_analysis/framework/__init__.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ from pydantic import BaseModel
 
 from metagpt.actions.requirement_analysis.framework.evaluate_framework import EvaluateFramework
 from metagpt.actions.requirement_analysis.framework.write_framework import WriteFramework
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.utils.common import awrite
 
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ async def save_framework(
     output_dir = (
         Path(output_dir)
         if output_dir
-        else Config.default().workspace.path / (datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%ST") + uuid.uuid4().hex[0:8])
+        else config.workspace.path / (datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%ST") + uuid.uuid4().hex[0:8])
     )
     output_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
 
diff --git a/metagpt/config2.py b/metagpt/config2.py
index 1942e5ef5..84b6059ef 100644
--- a/metagpt/config2.py
+++ b/metagpt/config2.py
@@ -178,3 +178,4 @@ def merge_dict(dicts: Iterable[Dict]) -> Dict:
 
 
 _CONFIG_CACHE = {}
+config = Config.default()
diff --git a/metagpt/environment/android/env_space.py b/metagpt/environment/android/env_space.py
index 9580e3a7d..8225f0127 100644
--- a/metagpt/environment/android/env_space.py
+++ b/metagpt/environment/android/env_space.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import numpy.typing as npt
 from gymnasium import spaces
 from pydantic import ConfigDict, Field, field_validator
 
-from metagpt.environment.base_env_space import (
+from metagpt.base.base_env_space import (
     BaseEnvAction,
     BaseEnvActionType,
     BaseEnvObsParams,
diff --git a/metagpt/environment/werewolf/env_space.py b/metagpt/environment/werewolf/env_space.py
index e6243b10f..dd6ceeabe 100644
--- a/metagpt/environment/werewolf/env_space.py
+++ b/metagpt/environment/werewolf/env_space.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 from gymnasium import spaces
 from pydantic import ConfigDict, Field
 
-from metagpt.environment.base_env_space import BaseEnvAction, BaseEnvActionType
+from metagpt.base.base_env_space import BaseEnvAction, BaseEnvActionType
 from metagpt.environment.werewolf.const import STEP_INSTRUCTIONS
 
 
diff --git a/metagpt/exp_pool/decorator.py b/metagpt/exp_pool/decorator.py
index d49c13e95..bb285d31c 100644
--- a/metagpt/exp_pool/decorator.py
+++ b/metagpt/exp_pool/decorator.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from typing import Any, Callable, Optional, TypeVar
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, model_validator
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.exp_pool.context_builders import BaseContextBuilder, SimpleContextBuilder
 from metagpt.exp_pool.manager import ExperienceManager, get_exp_manager
 from metagpt.exp_pool.perfect_judges import BasePerfectJudge, SimplePerfectJudge
@@ -60,8 +60,6 @@ def exp_cache(
     def decorator(func: Callable[..., ReturnType]) -> Callable[..., ReturnType]:
         @functools.wraps(func)
         async def get_or_create(args: Any, kwargs: Any) -> ReturnType:
-            config = Config.default()
-
             if not config.exp_pool.enabled:
                 rsp = func(*args, **kwargs)
                 return await rsp if asyncio.iscoroutine(rsp) else rsp
diff --git a/metagpt/ext/android_assistant/roles/android_assistant.py b/metagpt/ext/android_assistant/roles/android_assistant.py
index 45636f519..97d66d30e 100644
--- a/metagpt/ext/android_assistant/roles/android_assistant.py
+++ b/metagpt/ext/android_assistant/roles/android_assistant.py
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ class AndroidAssistant(Role):
 
     def __init__(self, **data):
         super().__init__(**data)
-
         self._watch([UserRequirement, AndroidActionOutput])
         extra_config = config.extra
         self.task_desc = extra_config.get("task_desc", "Just explore any app in this phone!")
diff --git a/metagpt/ext/stanford_town/utils/utils.py b/metagpt/ext/stanford_town/utils/utils.py
index b4e15f485..4e81298c9 100644
--- a/metagpt/ext/stanford_town/utils/utils.py
+++ b/metagpt/ext/stanford_town/utils/utils.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ from typing import Union
 
 from openai import OpenAI
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.logs import logger
 
 
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ def read_csv_to_list(curr_file: str, header=False, strip_trail=True):
 
 
 def get_embedding(text, model: str = "text-embedding-ada-002"):
-    config = Config.default()
     text = text.replace("\n", " ")
     embedding = None
     if not text:
diff --git a/metagpt/rag/factories/llm.py b/metagpt/rag/factories/llm.py
index e936e3a45..36b17da36 100644
--- a/metagpt/rag/factories/llm.py
+++ b/metagpt/rag/factories/llm.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from llama_index.core.llms import (
 from llama_index.core.llms.callbacks import llm_completion_callback
 from pydantic import Field
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.provider.base_llm import BaseLLM
 from metagpt.utils.async_helper import NestAsyncio
 from metagpt.utils.token_counter import TOKEN_MAX
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ class RAGLLM(CustomLLM):
         **kwargs
     ):
         super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
-        config = Config.default()
         if context_window < 0:
             context_window = TOKEN_MAX.get(config.llm.model, DEFAULT_CONTEXT_WINDOW)
 
diff --git a/metagpt/rag/schema.py b/metagpt/rag/schema.py
index 12e635a1a..5c63b09df 100644
--- a/metagpt/rag/schema.py
+++ b/metagpt/rag/schema.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from llama_index.core.schema import TextNode
 from llama_index.core.vector_stores.types import VectorStoreQueryMode
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, PrivateAttr, model_validator
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.configs.embedding_config import EmbeddingType
 from metagpt.logs import logger
 from metagpt.rag.interface import RAGObject
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ class FAISSRetrieverConfig(IndexRetrieverConfig):
     @model_validator(mode="after")
     def check_dimensions(self):
         if self.dimensions == 0:
-            config = Config.default()
             self.dimensions = config.embedding.dimensions or self._embedding_type_to_dimensions.get(
                 config.embedding.api_type, 1536
             )
@@ -89,7 +88,6 @@ class MilvusRetrieverConfig(IndexRetrieverConfig):
     @model_validator(mode="after")
     def check_dimensions(self):
         if self.dimensions == 0:
-            config = Config.default()
             self.dimensions = config.embedding.dimensions or self._embedding_type_to_dimensions.get(
                 config.embedding.api_type, 1536
             )
diff --git a/metagpt/software_company.py b/metagpt/software_company.py
index 508a6a5f3..73dcdd5db 100644
--- a/metagpt/software_company.py
+++ b/metagpt/software_company.py
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ def generate_repo(
     recover_path=None,
 ):
     """Run the startup logic. Can be called from CLI or other Python scripts."""
-    from metagpt.config2 import Config
+    from metagpt.config2 import config
     from metagpt.context import Context
     from metagpt.roles import (
         Architect,
@@ -38,8 +38,6 @@ def generate_repo(
     )
     from metagpt.team import Team
 
-    config = Config.default()
-
     config.update_via_cli(project_path, project_name, inc, reqa_file, max_auto_summarize_code)
     ctx = Context(config=config)
 
diff --git a/metagpt/tools/libs/index_repo.py b/metagpt/tools/libs/index_repo.py
index 4c4e6c59b..5f95f9c02 100644
--- a/metagpt/tools/libs/index_repo.py
+++ b/metagpt/tools/libs/index_repo.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from llama_index.core.base.embeddings.base import BaseEmbedding
 from llama_index.core.schema import NodeWithScore
 from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, model_validator
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.context import Context
 from metagpt.logs import logger
 from metagpt.rag.engines import SimpleEngine
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ class IndexRepo(BaseModel):
             return flat_nodes
 
         if not self.embedding:
-            config = Config.default()
             if self.model:
                 config.embedding.model = self.model
             factory = RAGEmbeddingFactory(config)
diff --git a/metagpt/tools/ut_writer.py b/metagpt/tools/ut_writer.py
index 9e67a3585..243871aff 100644
--- a/metagpt/tools/ut_writer.py
+++ b/metagpt/tools/ut_writer.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import json
 from pathlib import Path
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.provider.openai_api import OpenAILLM as GPTAPI
 from metagpt.utils.common import awrite
 
@@ -282,7 +282,6 @@ class UTGenerator:
         """Choose based on different calling methods"""
         result = ""
         if self.chatgpt_method == "API":
-            config = Config.default()
             result = await GPTAPI(config.get_openai_llm()).aask_code(messages=messages)
 
         return result
diff --git a/metagpt/utils/embedding.py b/metagpt/utils/embedding.py
index 3fcf1f25b..3d53a314c 100644
--- a/metagpt/utils/embedding.py
+++ b/metagpt/utils/embedding.py
@@ -7,11 +7,10 @@
 """
 from llama_index.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbedding
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 
 
 def get_embedding() -> OpenAIEmbedding:
-    config = Config.default()
     llm = config.get_openai_llm()
     if llm is None:
         raise ValueError("To use OpenAIEmbedding, please ensure that config.llm.api_type is correctly set to 'openai'.")
diff --git a/metagpt/utils/file.py b/metagpt/utils/file.py
index 75107c8be..d4cfc4d0a 100644
--- a/metagpt/utils/file.py
+++ b/metagpt/utils/file.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ from typing import Optional, Tuple, Union
 import aiofiles
 from fsspec.implementations.memory import MemoryFileSystem as _MemoryFileSystem
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.logs import logger
 from metagpt.utils import read_docx
 from metagpt.utils.common import aread, aread_bin, awrite_bin, check_http_endpoint
@@ -190,7 +190,6 @@ class File:
 
     @staticmethod
     async def _read_omniparse_config() -> Tuple[str, int]:
-        config = Config.default()
         if config.omniparse and config.omniparse.base_url:
             return config.omniparse.base_url, config.omniparse.timeout
         return "", 0
diff --git a/metagpt/utils/make_sk_kernel.py b/metagpt/utils/make_sk_kernel.py
index f0c55b07c..283a682d6 100644
--- a/metagpt/utils/make_sk_kernel.py
+++ b/metagpt/utils/make_sk_kernel.py
@@ -13,11 +13,10 @@ from semantic_kernel.connectors.ai.open_ai.services.open_ai_chat_completion impo
     OpenAIChatCompletion,
 )
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 
 
 def make_sk_kernel():
-    config = Config.default()
     kernel = sk.Kernel()
     if llm := config.get_azure_llm():
         kernel.add_chat_service(
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 2ffc09ee8..658c82219 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ extras_require = {
         "llama-index-postprocessor-cohere-rerank==0.1.4",
         "llama-index-postprocessor-colbert-rerank==0.1.1",
         "llama-index-postprocessor-flag-embedding-reranker==0.1.2",
-        # "llama-index-vector-stores-milvus==0.1.23",
+        "llama-index-vector-stores-milvus==0.1.23",
         "docx2txt==0.8",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/learn/test_text_to_embedding.py b/tests/metagpt/learn/test_text_to_embedding.py
index f50f6a7aa..3b5486c5d 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/learn/test_text_to_embedding.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/learn/test_text_to_embedding.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from pathlib import Path
 
 import pytest
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.learn.text_to_embedding import text_to_embedding
 from metagpt.utils.common import aread
 
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ from metagpt.utils.common import aread
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_text_to_embedding(mocker):
     # mock
-    config = Config.default()
     mock_post = mocker.patch("aiohttp.ClientSession.post")
     mock_response = mocker.AsyncMock()
     mock_response.status = 200
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/learn/test_text_to_image.py b/tests/metagpt/learn/test_text_to_image.py
index d3272dadd..eb252589b 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/learn/test_text_to_image.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/learn/test_text_to_image.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import openai
 import pytest
 from pydantic import BaseModel
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.learn.text_to_image import text_to_image
 from metagpt.tools.metagpt_text_to_image import MetaGPTText2Image
 from metagpt.tools.openai_text_to_image import OpenAIText2Image
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ async def test_text_to_image(mocker):
     mocker.patch.object(OpenAIText2Image, "text_2_image", return_value=b"mock OpenAIText2Image")
     mocker.patch.object(S3, "cache", return_value="http://mock/s3")
 
-    config = Config.default()
     assert config.metagpt_tti_url
 
     data = await text_to_image("Panda emoji", size_type="512x512", config=config)
@@ -51,7 +50,6 @@ async def test_openai_text_to_image(mocker):
     mock_post.return_value.__aenter__.return_value = mock_response
     mocker.patch.object(S3, "cache", return_value="http://mock.s3.com/0.png")
 
-    config = Config.default()
     config.metagpt_tti_url = None
     assert config.get_openai_llm()
 
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/learn/test_text_to_speech.py b/tests/metagpt/learn/test_text_to_speech.py
index f01e5d132..480e35f7a 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/learn/test_text_to_speech.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/learn/test_text_to_speech.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 import pytest
 from azure.cognitiveservices.speech import ResultReason, SpeechSynthesizer
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.learn.text_to_speech import text_to_speech
 from metagpt.tools.iflytek_tts import IFlyTekTTS
 from metagpt.utils.s3 import S3
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ from metagpt.utils.s3 import S3
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_azure_text_to_speech(mocker):
     # mock
-    config = Config.default()
     config.iflytek_api_key = None
     config.iflytek_api_secret = None
     config.iflytek_app_id = None
@@ -47,7 +46,6 @@ async def test_azure_text_to_speech(mocker):
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_iflytek_text_to_speech(mocker):
     # mock
-    config = Config.default()
     config.azure_tts_subscription_key = None
     config.azure_tts_region = None
     mocker.patch.object(IFlyTekTTS, "synthesize_speech", return_value=None)
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/roles/di/run_swe_agent_for_benchmark.py b/tests/metagpt/roles/di/run_swe_agent_for_benchmark.py
index 5ceba6dcc..ce4ef94a4 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/roles/di/run_swe_agent_for_benchmark.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/roles/di/run_swe_agent_for_benchmark.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import sys
 from datetime import datetime
 from pathlib import Path
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.const import DEFAULT_WORKSPACE_ROOT, METAGPT_ROOT
 from metagpt.logs import logger
 from metagpt.roles.di.engineer2 import Engineer2
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ from metagpt.tools.libs.editor import Editor
 from metagpt.tools.libs.terminal import Terminal
 from metagpt.tools.swe_agent_commands.swe_agent_utils import load_hf_dataset
 
-config = Config.default()
 # Specify by yourself
 TEST_REPO_DIR = METAGPT_ROOT / "data" / "test_repo"
 DATA_DIR = METAGPT_ROOT / "data/hugging_face"
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/roles/di/test_swe_agent.py b/tests/metagpt/roles/di/test_swe_agent.py
index 325e7bed8..3dbfa910b 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/roles/di/test_swe_agent.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/roles/di/test_swe_agent.py
@@ -1,22 +1,17 @@
 import pytest
 
+from metagpt.environment.mgx.mgx_env import MGXEnv
 from metagpt.roles.di.swe_agent import SWEAgent
+from metagpt.roles.di.team_leader import TeamLeader
 from metagpt.schema import Message
 from metagpt.tools.libs.terminal import Bash
-from metagpt.environment.mgx.mgx_env import MGXEnv
-from metagpt.roles.di.team_leader import TeamLeader
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def env():
     test_env = MGXEnv()
     tl = TeamLeader()
-    test_env.add_roles(
-        [
-            tl,
-            SWEAgent()
-        ]
-    )
+    test_env.add_roles([tl, SWEAgent()])
     return test_env
 
 
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/roles/test_architect.py b/tests/metagpt/roles/test_architect.py
index 9a834ffbe..cb636b6a1 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/roles/test_architect.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/roles/test_architect.py
@@ -8,18 +8,19 @@
         distribution feature for message handling.
 """
 import uuid
+from pathlib import Path
 
 import pytest
 
 from metagpt.actions import WritePRD
+from metagpt.actions.di.run_command import RunCommand
 from metagpt.const import PRDS_FILE_REPO
 from metagpt.logs import logger
 from metagpt.roles import Architect
 from metagpt.schema import Message
 from metagpt.utils.common import any_to_str, awrite
 from tests.metagpt.roles.mock import MockMessages
-from pathlib import Path
-from metagpt.actions.di.run_command import RunCommand
+
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_architect(context):
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/roles/test_engineer.py b/tests/metagpt/roles/test_engineer.py
index c340e910f..18b297ae5 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/roles/test_engineer.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/roles/test_engineer.py
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 """
 import json
 from pathlib import Path
+from types import SimpleNamespace
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -19,9 +20,8 @@ from metagpt.roles.engineer import Engineer
 from metagpt.schema import CodingContext, Message
 from metagpt.utils.common import CodeParser, any_to_name, any_to_str, aread, awrite
 from metagpt.utils.git_repository import ChangeType
-from tests.metagpt.roles.mock import STRS_FOR_PARSING, TASKS, MockMessages
 from metagpt.utils.project_repo import ProjectRepo
-from types import SimpleNamespace
+from tests.metagpt.roles.mock import STRS_FOR_PARSING, TASKS, MockMessages
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/test_document.py b/tests/metagpt/test_document.py
index 29393bb13..9c076f4e6 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/test_document.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/test_document.py
@@ -5,12 +5,10 @@
 @Author  : alexanderwu
 @File    : test_document.py
 """
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.document import Repo
 from metagpt.logs import logger
 
-config = Config.default()
-
 
 def set_existing_repo(path):
     repo1 = Repo.from_path(path)
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/tools/test_azure_tts.py b/tests/metagpt/tools/test_azure_tts.py
index ee55616d2..f72b5663b 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/tools/test_azure_tts.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/tools/test_azure_tts.py
@@ -12,11 +12,9 @@ from pathlib import Path
 import pytest
 from azure.cognitiveservices.speech import ResultReason, SpeechSynthesizer
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.tools.azure_tts import AzureTTS
 
-config = Config.default()
-
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_azure_tts(mocker):
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/tools/test_iflytek_tts.py b/tests/metagpt/tools/test_iflytek_tts.py
index c51f62b8e..b4bcadb89 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/tools/test_iflytek_tts.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/tools/test_iflytek_tts.py
@@ -7,14 +7,13 @@
 """
 import pytest
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.tools.iflytek_tts import IFlyTekTTS, oas3_iflytek_tts
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_iflytek_tts(mocker):
     # mock
-    config = Config.default()
     config.azure_tts_subscription_key = None
     config.azure_tts_region = None
     mocker.patch.object(IFlyTekTTS, "synthesize_speech", return_value=None)
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/tools/test_metagpt_text_to_image.py b/tests/metagpt/tools/test_metagpt_text_to_image.py
index bd0fcaf8b..d3797a460 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/tools/test_metagpt_text_to_image.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/tools/test_metagpt_text_to_image.py
@@ -10,11 +10,9 @@ from unittest.mock import AsyncMock
 
 import pytest
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.tools.metagpt_text_to_image import oas3_metagpt_text_to_image
 
-config = Config.default()
-
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_draw(mocker):
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/tools/test_moderation.py b/tests/metagpt/tools/test_moderation.py
index 0f921887f..8dc9e9d5e 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/tools/test_moderation.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/tools/test_moderation.py
@@ -8,12 +8,10 @@
 
 import pytest
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.llm import LLM
 from metagpt.tools.moderation import Moderation
 
-config = Config.default()
-
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/tools/test_openai_text_to_embedding.py b/tests/metagpt/tools/test_openai_text_to_embedding.py
index 81b3895c3..047206d48 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/tools/test_openai_text_to_embedding.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/tools/test_openai_text_to_embedding.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from pathlib import Path
 
 import pytest
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.tools.openai_text_to_embedding import oas3_openai_text_to_embedding
 from metagpt.utils.common import aread
 
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ from metagpt.utils.common import aread
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_embedding(mocker):
     # mock
-    config = Config.default()
     mock_post = mocker.patch("aiohttp.ClientSession.post")
     mock_response = mocker.AsyncMock()
     mock_response.status = 200
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/tools/test_openai_text_to_image.py b/tests/metagpt/tools/test_openai_text_to_image.py
index 4856342d1..3f9169ddd 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/tools/test_openai_text_to_image.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/tools/test_openai_text_to_image.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import openai
 import pytest
 from pydantic import BaseModel
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.llm import LLM
 from metagpt.tools.openai_text_to_image import (
     OpenAIText2Image,
@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@ from metagpt.tools.openai_text_to_image import (
 )
 from metagpt.utils.s3 import S3
 
-config = Config.default()
-
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_draw(mocker):
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/tools/test_ut_writer.py b/tests/metagpt/tools/test_ut_writer.py
index ebb8c8aa2..557067191 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/tools/test_ut_writer.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/tools/test_ut_writer.py
@@ -20,12 +20,10 @@ from openai.types.chat.chat_completion_message_tool_call import (
     Function,
 )
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.const import API_QUESTIONS_PATH, UT_PY_PATH
 from metagpt.tools.ut_writer import YFT_PROMPT_PREFIX, UTGenerator
 
-config = Config.default()
-
 
 class TestUTWriter:
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
diff --git a/tests/metagpt/utils/test_repair_llm_raw_output.py b/tests/metagpt/utils/test_repair_llm_raw_output.py
index 75bd9f165..7a29ea3ee 100644
--- a/tests/metagpt/utils/test_repair_llm_raw_output.py
+++ b/tests/metagpt/utils/test_repair_llm_raw_output.py
@@ -2,9 +2,7 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # @Desc   : unittest of repair_llm_raw_output
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
-
-config = Config.default()
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 
 """
 CONFIG.repair_llm_output should be True before retry_parse_json_text imported.
diff --git a/tests/mock/mock_llm.py b/tests/mock/mock_llm.py
index e58ce4120..704403e64 100644
--- a/tests/mock/mock_llm.py
+++ b/tests/mock/mock_llm.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import json
 from typing import Optional, Union
 
-from metagpt.config2 import Config
+from metagpt.config2 import config
 from metagpt.configs.llm_config import LLMType
 from metagpt.const import LLM_API_TIMEOUT
 from metagpt.logs import logger
@@ -10,8 +10,6 @@ from metagpt.provider.constant import GENERAL_FUNCTION_SCHEMA
 from metagpt.provider.openai_api import OpenAILLM
 from metagpt.schema import Message
 
-config = Config.default()
-
 OriginalLLM = OpenAILLM if config.llm.api_type == LLMType.OPENAI else AzureOpenAILLM