fixes to EP

This commit is contained in:
James Hensman 2014-03-14 11:47:23 +00:00
parent 1ed7d73219
commit 77d08a7d6f
7 changed files with 36 additions and 32 deletions

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@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from model import Model
from parameterization import ObservableArray
from .. import likelihoods
from ..likelihoods.gaussian import Gaussian
from ..inference.latent_function_inference import exact_gaussian_inference
from ..inference.latent_function_inference import exact_gaussian_inference, expectation_propagation
from parameterization.variational import VariationalPosterior
class GP(Model):
@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ class GP(Model):
if isinstance(likelihood, likelihoods.Gaussian) or isinstance(likelihood, likelihoods.MixedNoise):
inference_method = exact_gaussian_inference.ExactGaussianInference()
else:
inference_method = expectation_propagation
inference_method = expectation_propagation.EP()
print "defaulting to ", inference_method, "for latent function inference"
self.inference_method = inference_method

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@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ def toy_linear_1d_classification_laplace(seed=default_seed, optimize=True, plot=
likelihood = GPy.likelihoods.Bernoulli()
laplace_inf = GPy.inference.latent_function_inference.Laplace()
kernel = GPy.kern.rbf(1)
kernel = GPy.kern.RBF(1)
# Model definition
m = GPy.core.GP(data['X'], Y, kernel=kernel, likelihood=likelihood, inference_method=laplace_inf)

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@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ def toy_ARD(max_iters=1000, kernel_type='linear', num_samples=300, D=4, optimize
Y /= Y.std()
if kernel_type == 'linear':
kernel = GPy.kern.linear(X.shape[1], ARD=1)
kernel = GPy.kern.Linear(X.shape[1], ARD=1)
elif kernel_type == 'rbf_inv':
kernel = GPy.kern.RBF_inv(X.shape[1], ARD=1)
else:
@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ def toy_ARD_sparse(max_iters=1000, kernel_type='linear', num_samples=300, D=4, o
Y /= Y.std()
if kernel_type == 'linear':
kernel = GPy.kern.linear(X.shape[1], ARD=1)
kernel = GPy.kern.Linear(X.shape[1], ARD=1)
elif kernel_type == 'rbf_inv':
kernel = GPy.kern.RBF_inv(X.shape[1], ARD=1)
else:

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@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ etc.
from exact_gaussian_inference import ExactGaussianInference
from laplace import Laplace
expectation_propagation = 'foo' # TODO
from GPy.inference.latent_function_inference.var_dtc import VarDTC
from expectation_propagation import EP
from dtc import DTC
from fitc import FITC

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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats
from ..util.linalg import pdinv,mdot,jitchol,chol_inv,DSYR,tdot,dtrtrs
from likelihood import likelihood
from ...util.linalg import pdinv,jitchol,DSYR,tdot,dtrtrs, dpotrs
from posterior import Posterior
log_2_pi = np.log(2*np.pi)
class EP(object):
def __init__(self, epsilon=1e-6, eta=1., delta=1.):
@ -28,30 +28,30 @@ class EP(object):
K = kern.K(X)
mu_tilde, tau_tilde = self.expectation_propagation()
mu, Sigma, mu_tilde, tau_tilde, Z_hat = self.expectation_propagation(K, Y, likelihood, Y_metadata)
Wi, LW, LWi, W_logdet = pdinv(K + np.diag(1./tau_tilde)
Wi, LW, LWi, W_logdet = pdinv(K + np.diag(1./tau_tilde))
alpha, _ = dpotrs(LW, mu_tilde, lower=1)
log_marginal = 0.5*(-num_data * log_2_pi - W_logdet - np.sum(alpha * mu_tilde))
log_marginal = 0.5*(-num_data * log_2_pi - W_logdet - np.sum(alpha * mu_tilde)) # TODO: add log Z_hat??
dL_dK = 0.5 * (tdot(alpha[:,None]) - Wi)
#TODO: what abot derivatives of the likelihood parameters?
dL_dthetaL = np.zeros(likelihood.size)#TODO: derivatives of the likelihood parameters
return Posterior(woodbury_inv=Wi, woodbury_vector=alpha, K=K), log_marginal, {'dL_dK':dL_dK}
return Posterior(woodbury_inv=Wi, woodbury_vector=alpha, K=K), log_marginal, {'dL_dK':dL_dK, 'dL_dthetaL':dL_dthetaL}
def expectation_propagation(self, K, Y, Y_metadata, likelihood)
def expectation_propagation(self, K, Y, likelihood, Y_metadata):
num_data, data_dim = Y.shape
assert data_dim == 1, "This EP methods only works for 1D outputs"
#Initial values - Posterior distribution parameters: q(f|X,Y) = N(f|mu,Sigma)
mu = np.zeros(self.num_data)
mu = np.zeros(num_data)
Sigma = K.copy()
#Initial values - Marginal moments
@ -61,33 +61,32 @@ class EP(object):
#initial values - Gaussian factors
if self.old_mutilde is None:
tau_tilde, mu_tilde, v_tilde = np.zeros((3, num_data, num_data))
tau_tilde, mu_tilde, v_tilde = np.zeros((3, num_data))
else:
assert old_mutilde.size == num_data, "data size mis-match: did you change the data? try resetting!"
mu_tilde, v_tilde = self.old_mutilde, self.old_vtilde
tau_tilde = v_tilde/mu_tilde
#Approximation
epsilon_np1 = self.epsilon + 1.
epsilon_np2 = self.epsilon + 1.
tau_diff = self.epsilon + 1.
v_diff = self.epsilon + 1.
iterations = 0
while (epsilon_np1 > self.epsilon) or (epsilon_np2 > self.epsilon):
while (tau_diff > self.epsilon) or (v_diff > self.epsilon):
update_order = np.random.permutation(num_data)
for i in update_order:
#Cavity distribution parameters
tau_cav = 1./Sigma[i,i] - self.eta*tau_tilde[i]
v_cav = mu[i]/Sigma[i,i] - self.eta*v_tilde[i]
#Marginal moments
Z_hat[i], mu_hat[i], sigma2_hat[i] = likelihood.moments_match(Y[i], tau_cav, v_cav, Y_metadata=(None if Y_metadata is None else Y_metadata[i]))
Z_hat[i], mu_hat[i], sigma2_hat[i] = likelihood.moments_match_ep(Y[i], tau_cav, v_cav)#, Y_metadata=None)#=(None if Y_metadata is None else Y_metadata[i]))
#Site parameters update
delta_tau = self.delta/self.eta*(1./sigma2_hat[i] - 1./Sigma[i,i])
delta_v = self.delta/self.eta*(mu_hat[i]/sigma2_hat[i] - mu[i]/Sigma[i,i])
tau_tilde[i] += delta_tau
v_tilde[i] += delta_v
#Posterior distribution parameters update
DSYR(Sigma, Sigma[:,i].copy(), -Delta_tau/(1.+ Delta_tau*Sigma[i,i]))
DSYR(Sigma, Sigma[:,i].copy(), -delta_tau/(1.+ delta_tau*Sigma[i,i]))
mu = np.dot(Sigma, v_tilde)
iterations += 1
#(re) compute Sigma and mu using full Cholesky decompy
tau_tilde_root = np.sqrt(tau_tilde)
@ -99,10 +98,14 @@ class EP(object):
mu = np.dot(Sigma,v_tilde)
#monitor convergence
epsilon_np1 = np.mean(np.square(tau_tilde-tau_tilde_old))
epsilon_np2 = np.mean(np.square(v_tilde-v_tilde_old))
if iterations>0:
tau_diff = np.mean(np.square(tau_tilde-tau_tilde_old))
v_diff = np.mean(np.square(v_tilde-v_tilde_old))
tau_tilde_old = tau_tilde.copy()
v_tilde_old = v_tilde.copy()
return mu, Sigma, mu_tilde, tau_tilde
iterations += 1
mu_tilde = v_tilde/tau_tilde
return mu, Sigma, mu_tilde, tau_tilde, Z_hat

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@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import numpy as np
from ..util.univariate_Gaussian import std_norm_pdf, std_norm_cdf
import link_functions
from likelihood import Likelihood
from scipy import stats
class Bernoulli(Likelihood):
"""
@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ class Bernoulli(Likelihood):
Y_prep[Y.flatten() == 0] = -1
return Y_prep
def moments_match_ep(self, data_i, tau_i, v_i):
def moments_match_ep(self, Y_i, tau_i, v_i):
"""
Moments match of the marginal approximation in EP algorithm
@ -51,9 +52,9 @@ class Bernoulli(Likelihood):
:param tau_i: precision of the cavity distribution (float)
:param v_i: mean/variance of the cavity distribution (float)
"""
if data_i == 1:
if Y_i == 1:
sign = 1.
elif data_i == 0:
elif Y_i == 0:
sign = -1
else:
raise ValueError("bad value for Bernouilli observation (0, 1)")
@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ class Bernoulli(Likelihood):
return Z_hat, mu_hat, sigma2_hat
def predictive_mean(self, mu, variance):
def predictive_mean(self, mu, variance, Y_metadata=None):
if isinstance(self.gp_link, link_functions.Probit):
return stats.norm.cdf(mu/np.sqrt(1+variance))
@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ class Bernoulli(Likelihood):
else:
raise NotImplementedError
def predictive_variance(self, mu, variance, pred_mean):
def predictive_variance(self, mu, variance, pred_mean, Y_metadata=None):
if isinstance(self.gp_link, link_functions.Heaviside):
return 0.

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@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class GPClassification(GP):
def __init__(self, X, Y, kernel=None):
if kernel is None:
kernel = kern.rbf(X.shape[1])
kernel = kern.RBF(X.shape[1])
likelihood = likelihoods.Bernoulli()